Shelley Moore Capito

Shelley Moore Capito (Republican Party) is a member of the U.S. Senate from West Virginia. She assumed office on January 3, 2015. Her current term ends on January 3, 2027.

Capito (Republican Party) is running for re-election to the U.S. Senate to represent West Virginia. She declared candidacy for the 2026 election.^[source]

^[1] Capito was first elected to the Senate in 2014, becoming the first female U.S. senator in the state's history.^[2]

Prior to serving in the Senate, Capito was a member of the West Virginia House of Representatives from 1997 to 2001 and a member of the United States House of Representatives from 2001 to 2015.^[3]

Biography

Capito earned her bachelor's degree from Duke University. After earning her M.Ed. from the University of Virginia, Capito was a college counselor and then director of an educational information center.^[4] She was the only Republican in the West Virginia congressional delegation until the 2010 elections and is the first Republican woman elected to Congress from West Virginia.

Capito is a former chairwoman of the Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues, as well as a member of the Congressional Arts Caucus. After an explosion responsible for the death of 29 coal workers, Capito founded the Congressional Coal Caucus.^[5]

Prior to her election to the U.S. House, Capito served in the West Virginia House of Delegates.^[2]

Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Capito's academic, professional, and political career:^[6]

2015-Present: U.S. Senator from West Virginia
2001-2015: Member of the United States House of Representatives from West Virginia
1997-2001: West Virginia House of Delegates
1976: Graduated from the University of Virginia with a M.Ed.
1975: Graduated from Duke University with a B.S.

Prior to entering politics, Capito was a college counselor.

Committee assignments

U.S. Senate

2023-2024

Capito was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2021-2022

Capito was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Capito was assigned to the following committees:^[7]

2015-2016

Capito served on the following committees:^[8]

U.S. House

2013-2014

Capito served on the following committees:^[9]^[10]

Financial Services Committee
- Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit Chairman
- Subcommittee on Housing and Insurance
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
- Subcommittee on Highways and Transit
- Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials
- Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment

2011-2012

Capito served on the following House committees:^[11]

Financial Services Committee Senior member
- Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit Chairman
Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
- Subcommittee on Highways and Transit
- Subcommittee on Economic Development
- Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines and Hazardous Material
- Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, and ended on January 3, 2025. At the start of the session, Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (H.R. 2670) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 22, 2023, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2024. The bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[12]

Passed (87-13)

Yea

Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024

The Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024 (H.R. 6363) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on November 17, 2023, providing for the funding of federal agencies through January 19, 2024. The bill prevented a government shutdown that would have taken place if funding was not approved by November 17, 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[13]

Passed (87-11)

Yea

Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act

The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 5860) was a bill approved by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2023, providing for the funding of federal agencies through November 17, 2023. The bill prevented a government shutdown that would have taken place if funding was not approved by October 1, 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[14]

Passed (88-9)

Yea

Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023

The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (H.R. 3746) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 3, 2023. The bill raised the federal debt limit until January 2025. The bill also capped non-defense spending in fiscal year 2024, rescinded unspent coronavirus relief funding, rescinded some Internal Revenue Service (IRS) funding, enhanced work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program (TANF), simplified environmental reviews for energy projects, and ended the student loan debt repayment pause in August 2023. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[15] Click here to read more.

Passed (63-36)

Yea

Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.

H.J.Res. 7 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 10, 2023. The resolution ended the national coronavirus state of emergency, which began on March 13, 2020. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[16] Click here to read more.

Passed (68-23)

Yea

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'".

H.J.Res. 44 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate. The bill sought to nullify a Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) rule establishing criteria to determine whether firearms equipped with stabilizing braces that facilitate shoulder fire were subject to regulation under the National Firearms Act. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[17]

Failed (50-49)

Yea

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".

H.J.Res. 30 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and vetoed by President Joe Biden (D) on March 20, 2023. This was Biden's first veto of his presidency. The resolution sought to nullify a Department of Labor rule that amended the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) to allow retirement plans to consider certain environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors in investment-related decisions. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[18] Click here to read more.

Passed (50-46)

Yea

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 (H.R. 82) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on January 5, 2025, that reduced Social Security benefits for individuals who received other pensions from state or local governments. It also eliminated an offset that would reduce benefits for spouses and widows of individuals with government pensions. It also eliminated a provision that reduced benefits for an individual who received a pension or disability benefit from an employer that did not withhold Social Security taxes. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[19]

Passed (76-20)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act 2024

The Consolidated Appropriations Act 2024 (H.R. 4366) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 9, 2024, authorizing appropriations for various government departments for the fiscal year 2024. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[20]

Passed (75-22)

Yea

FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024

The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 (H.R. 3935) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on May 16, 2024, that reauthorized Federal Aviation Administration funding until fiscal year 2028. The bill also made other modifications to address various department-related issues. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report. ^[21]

Passed (88-4)

Nay

Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors (dismissal of first article)

H.Res.863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors, passed the U.S. House on February 13, 2024. The resolution impeached U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas for high crimes and misdemeanors. The motion to impeach required a majority in the House and a 2/3rds vote in the Senate.^[22]

Passed (51-48)

Nay

Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors (dismissal of second article)

H.Res.863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors, passed the U.S. House on February 13, 2024. The resolution impeached U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas for high crimes and misdemeanors. The motion to impeach required a majority in the House and a 2/3rds vote in the Senate.^[23]

Passed (51-49)

Yea

Making emergency supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes.

H.R. 815, Making emergency supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes, was passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 24, 2024, appropriating foreign aid to Israel, Taiwan, and Ukraine. The bill also mandated the company ByteDance divested from TikTok or the app would be removed from the U.S. This bill required a majority vote.^[24]

Passed (79-18)

Nay

Border Act of 2024

The Border Act of 2024 (S.4361) was voted down in the U.S. Senate on April 23, 2024. The bill would have expanded the Department of Homeland Security's capabilities of handling individuals entering/residing in the country without permission. It would have expanded the Department's capabilities at the border. It required 3/5ths of the vote to pass cloture.^[25]

Failed (43-50)

Nay

Right to IVF Act

S.4445, the Right to IVF Act, was voted down in the U.S. Senate on September 17, 2024. The bill would have codified access to in vitro fertilization (IVF) into law. This bill required a 3/5ths majority vote to pass cloture.^[26]

Failed (51-44)

Yea

Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025

H.R.9747, the Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025, was passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 26, 2024, providing funding to federal agencies, including the Secret Service, and federal programs for the 2025 fiscal year. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[27]

Passed (78-18)

Nay

Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024

The Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 (H.R.7024) was a bill passed by the U.S. House on January 31, 2024, that would have modified the U.S. tax code, increasing how much money can be given back in credits and what is exempt. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[28]

Failed (48-44)

Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Key votes (click "show" to expand or "hide" to contract)

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

The 117th United States Congress began on January 3, 2021 and ended on January 3, 2023. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-213), and the U.S. Senate had a 50-50 makeup. Democrats assumed control of the Senate on January 20, 2021, when President Joe Biden (D) and Vice President Kamala Harris (D), who acted as a tie-breaking vote in the chamber, assumed office. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684) was a federal infrastructure bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on November 15, 2021. Among other provisions, the bill provided funding for new infrastructure projects and reauthorizations, Amtrak maintenance and development, bridge repair, replacement, and rehabilitation, clean drinking water, high-speed internet, and clean energy transmission and power infrastructure upgrades. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[29] Click here to read more.

Passed (69-30)

Nay

American Rescue Plan Act of 2021

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (H.R. 1319) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 11, 2021, to provide economic relief in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Key features of the bill included funding for a national vaccination program and response, funding to safely reopen schools, distribution of $1,400 per person in relief payments, and extended unemployment benefits. The bill required a 1/2 majority vote in the Senate.^[30] Click here to read more.

Passed (50-49)

Nay

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 16, 2022, to address climate change, healthcare costs, and tax enforcement. Key features of the bill included a $369 billion investment to address energy security and climate change, an extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies, allowing Medicare to negotiate certain drug prices, a 15% corporate minimum tax, a 1% stock buyback fee, and enhanced Internal Revenue Service (IRS) enforcement, and an estimated $300 billion deficit reduction from 2022-2031. The bill required a 1/2 majority vote in the Senate.^[31] Click here to read more.

Passed (51-50)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (S. 1605) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 27, 2021, authorizing Department of Defense acitivities and programs for fiscal year 2022. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[32]

Passed (88-11)

Yea

James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023

The James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (H.R. 7776) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2023. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[33]

Passed (83-11)

Yea

Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022

The Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 (S. 3373) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 10, 2022, that sought to address healthcare access, the presumption of service-connection, and research, resources, and other matters related to veterans who were exposed to toxic substances during military service. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[34]

Passed (86-11)

Yea

Chips and Science Act

The Chips and Science Act (H.R. 4346) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 9, 2022, which sought to fund domestic production of semiconductors and authorized various federal science agency programs and activities. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[35]

Passed (64-33)

Nay

Women’s Health Protection Act of 2021

The Women's Health Protection Act of 2021 (H.R. 3755) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives. The bill proposed prohibiting governmental restrictions on the provision of and access to abortion services and prohibiting governments from issuing some other abortion-related restrictions. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[36]

Failed (46-48)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (H.R. 2471) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 15, 2022, providing for the funding of federal agencies for the remainder of 2022, providing funding for activities related to Ukraine, and modifying or establishing various programs. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[37]

Passed (68-31)

Yea

Respect for Marriage Act

The Respect for Marriage Act (H.R. 8404) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 13, 2022. The bill codified the recognition of marriages between individuals of the same sex and of different races, ethnicities, or national origins, and provided that the law would not impact religious liberty or conscience protections, or provide grounds to compel nonprofit religious organizations to recognize same-sex marriages. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[38] Click here to read more.

Passed (61-36)

Yea

Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023

The Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 (H.R. 6833) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2022. It provided for some fiscal year 2023 appropriations, supplemental funds for Ukraine, and extended several other programs and authorities. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[39]

Passed (72-25)

Yea

COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act

The COVID-19 Hate Crimes Act (S. 937) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on May 20, 2021, that included provisions to designate an officer or employee of the Department of Justice (DOJ) to facilitate expedited review of hate crimes, required the DOJ to issue guidance to law enforcement agencies aimed to establish online hate crime reporting processes and to raise awareness about hate crimes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and established state grants to create hate crime reporting hotlines, among other related provisions. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[40]

Passed (94-1)

Yea

Postal Service Reform Act of 2022

The Postal Service Reform Act of 2022 (H.R. 3076) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 6, 2022, that sought to address healthcare and retirement benefits for postal workers, allow USPS to provide certain nonpostal products and services, and expand service performance and budgetary reporting. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[41]

Passed (79-19)

Yea

Bipartisan Safer Communities Act

The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (S. 2938) was a firearm regulation and mental health bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 25, 2022. Provisions of the bill included expanding background checks for individuals under the age of 21, providing funding for mental health services, preventing individuals who had been convicted of a domestic violence misdemeanor or felony in dating relationships from purchasing firearms for five years, providing funding for state grants to implement crisis intervention order programs, and providing funding for community-based violence prevention initiatives. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[42] Click here to read more.

Passed (65-33)

Yea

Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act

The Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act (H.R. 5305) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2021, that provided for continuing fiscal year 2022 appropriations to federal agencies through December 3, 2021, in order to prevent a government shutdown that would have otherwise occurred if fiscal year 2022 appropriations bills had not been passed by October 1, 2021. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate.^[43]

Passed (65-35)

Not guilty

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

This was a resolution before the 117th Congress setting forth an article of impeachment saying that Donald Trump (R) incited an insurrection against the government of the United States on January 6, 2021. The House of Representatives approved the article of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of the charges. Conviction on the impeachment charges required a 2/3 majority vote in the Senate.^[44] Click here to read more.

Not guilty (57-43)

Nay

Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022

The Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022 (H.R. 350) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate in a failed cloture vote that sought to expand the availability and reporting of information about domestic terrorism, enhance the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Department of Justice (DOJ), and the Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) ability to prosecute domestic terrorism, among other things. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[45]

Failed (47-47)

Nay

A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2022 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2023 through 2031.

This concurrent resolution (S.Con.Res. 14) was a budget resolution passed by the 117th Congress outlining the fiscal year 2022 federal government budget, setting forth budgetary levels for fiscal years 2023-2031, and providing reconciliation instructions for legislation that increased the deficit. It contained a proposed framework for the Build Back Better Act. The resolution required 1/2 majority vote in the Senate.^[46] Click here to read more.

Passed (50-49)

Nay

Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act

The Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act was a federal elections bill approved by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate in a failed cloture vote that sought to, among other provisions, make Election Day a public holiday, allow for same-day voter registration, establish minimum early voting periods, and allow absentee voting for any reason, restrict the removal of local election administrators in federal elections, regulate congressional redistricting, expand campaign finance disclosure rules for some organizations, and amend the Voting Rights Act to require some states to obtain clearance from the U.S. Department of Justice before implementing new election laws. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to invoke cloture and a 1/2 majority vote on passage.^[47] Click here to read more.

Failed (49-51)

Yea

Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act of 2022

The Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act was a bill passed by the 117th Congress in the form of an amendment to a year-end omnibus funding bill that was signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022. The bill changed the procedure for counting electoral votes outlined in the Electoral Count Act of 1887. Elements of the bill included specifying that the vice president's role at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes is ministerial, raising the objection threshold at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes to one-fifth of the members of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, identifying governors as the single official responsible for submitting the certificate of ascertainment identifying that state’s electors, and providing for expedited judicial review of certain claims about states' certificates identifying their electors. The bill required a 3/5 majority vote in the Senate to concur in the House's version of the bill.^[48] Click here to read more.

Passed (68-29)

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

The 116th United States Congress began on January 9, 2019, and ended on January 3, 2021. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (235-200), and Republicans held the majority in the U.S. Senate (53-47). Donald Trump (R) was the president and Mike Pence (R) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

CARES Act

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (H.R. 748) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 27, 2020, that expanded benefits through the joint federal-state unemployment insurance program during the coronavirus pandemic. The legislation also included $1,200 payments to certain individuals, funding for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, and funds for businesses, hospitals, and state and local governments. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[49]

Passed (96-0)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (S. 1790) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, setting policies and appropriations for the Department of Defense. Key features of this bill include appropriations for research/development, procurement, military construction, and operation/maintenence, as well as policies for paid family leave, North Korea nuclear sanctions, limiting the use of criminal history in federal hiring and contracting, military housing privatization, and paid family leave for federal personnel. This bill required a simple majroity vote in the Senate. ^[50]

Passed (86-8)

Yea

Families First Coronavirus Response Act

The Families First Coronavirus Response Act (H.R. 6201) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 18, 2020, addressing the COVID-19 pandemic by increasing access to unemployment benefits and food assistance, increasing funding for Medicaid, providing free testing for COVID-19, and requiring employers to provide paid sick time to employees who cannot work due to COVID-19. The bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[51]

Passed (90-8)

Yea

Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020

The Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1865) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, providing appropriations for federal agencies in fiscal year 2020. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[52]

Passed (71-23)

Yea

Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020

The Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 6074) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on March 6, 2020, providing emergency funding to federal agencies in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Key features of the bill include funding for vaccine research, small business loans, humanitarian assistance to affected foreign countries, emergency preparedness, and grants for public health agencies and organizations. This bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[53]

Passed (96-1)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (H.J.Res. 31) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on February 15, 2019, providing approrations for Fiscal Year 2019. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[54]

Passed (83-16)

Yea

John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act

The John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act (S. 47) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Doanld Trump on March 12, 2019. This bill sought to set provisions for federal land management and conservation by doing things such as conducting land exchanges and conveyances, establishing programs to respond to wildfires, and extending and reauthorizing wildlife conservation programs. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[55]

Passed (92-8)

Yea

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (passage)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote to overcome the veto.^[56]

Passed (84-13)

Yea

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (overcoming veto)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote to overcome the veto.^[57]

Passed (81-13)

Yea

Strengthening America's Security in the Middle East Act of 2019

The Strengthening America's Security in the Middle East Act of 2019 (S. 1) is a bill approved by the Senate that sought to address security in certain Middle Eastern countries by sending resources to Israel, extending defense cooperation in Jordan, establishing sanctions related to the conflict in Syria, and allowing states to divest from entities boycotting Israel. The bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[58]

Passed (77-23)

Yea

Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021 and Other Extensions Act

The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021 and Other Extensions Act (H.R. 8337) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on October 1st, 2020, continuing appropriations to federal agencies for Fiscal Year 2021 as well as extending certain expiring programs that address issues such as health care, surface transportation, agriculture, and veterans benefits. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[59]

Passed (84-10)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1158) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on December 20, 2019, providing appropriations for the 2020 Fiscal Year for federal agencies. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[60]

Passed (81-11)

Yea

Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019

The Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2020, and Further Health Extenders Act of 2019 (H.R. 3055) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, providing Fiscal Year 2020 appropriations to federal agencies through December 20, 2019 and extending certain programs and authorites that were set to expire. This bill prevented a government shutdown, and provided a pay raise for the military, repealed a revocation of state highway funding, and modified the United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate.^[61]

Passed (74-20)

Yea

Never Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act

The Never Forget the Heroes: James Zadroga, Ray Pfeifer, and Luis Alvarez Permanent Authorization of the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund Act (H.R. 1327) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on July 29, 2019, providing funds for the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund of 2001. Key features of the bill included allowing claims to be filed until October 2090, removing the cap on noneconomic damages in certain circumstances, and periodically adjusting the annual limit on economic loss compensation for inflation. This bill required a simple majority vote from the Senate. ^[62]

Passed (97-2)

Not guilty

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (article 1)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry.The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. Conviction on the impeachment charges required a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate. ^[63]

Not Guilty (52-48)

Not guilty

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (article 2)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry.The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. Conviction on the impeachment charges required a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate. ^[64]

Not Guilty (53-47)

Yea

United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act

The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act (H.R. 5430) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on October 21, 2020, establishing a trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada meant to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) by establishing provisions such as labor and environment monitoring and enforcement, de minimis levels for U.S. exports, and cooperation among treaty members to prevent duty evasion. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[65]

Passed (89-10)

Yea

Pallone-Thune Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act

The Pallone-Thune Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act (S. 151) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 30, 2019, setting forth rules to reduce criminal robot calls. Some key featues of the bill included requiring voice service providers to develop call authentication technologies, creating rules to protect a subscriber from receiving unwanted calls or texts from a caller using an unauthenticated number, and protecting individuals from one-ring scams. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[66]

Passed (97-1)

Yea

Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019

The Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Humanitarian Assistance and Security at the Southern Border Act, 2019 (H.R. 3401) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on July 1, 2019, providing emergency approprations for humanitarian assistance and security to respond to people attempting to enter the United States at the southern border. This bill required a three-fifths majority vote in the Senate.^[67]

Passed (84-8)

Not Voting

Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019

The Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Act, 2019 (H.R. 2157) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on June 6, 2019, providing approprations to certain federal departments in order to address expenses incured by recent natural disasters. This bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[68]

Passed (85-8)

Nay

Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019.

H.J.Res.46 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019.) was a resolution passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump (R). This resolution sought to terminate the national emergency related to the U.S.-Mexico border, declared by President Trump on February 15, 2019. The bill required a simple majority vote in the Senate.^[69]

Passed (59-41)

114th Congress

The first session of the 114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the 114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[70]^[71] The Senate confirmed 18,117 out of 21,815 executive nominations received (83 percent). For more information pertaining to Capito's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.^[72]

Economic and fiscal

Trade Act of 2015

See also: The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015

On May 22, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1314, which was used as a legislative vehicle for trade legislation with the titles "Trade Act of 2015" and the "Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015," by a vote of 62-37. The bill proposed giving the president trade promotion authority (TPA). TPA, also known as fast track authority, allows the president to negotiate trade deals that cannot be amended by Congress. Congress casts a simple up or down vote on a trade agreement, and the legislation only requires a simple majority for approval. The bill also included a statement of trade priorities and provisions for trade adjustment assistance. Capito voted with 47 other Republican senators to approve the bill.^[73]^[74]
Trade promotion authority
On June 24, 2015, by a vote of 60-38, the Senate approved trade promotion authority (TPA) as part of HR 2146 - Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act. Capito was one of 47 Republicans to vote in favor of the bill. After, Senate Republican leadership honored a pledge to support trade adjustment assistance (TAA) by passing the measure as part of HR 1295 - Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015 by voice vote. The House passed HR 1295 the following day, on June 25, 2015, and both TPA and TAA were signed into law on June 29, 2015.^[75]^[76]^[77]

2016 Budget proposal

On May 5, 2015, the Senate voted to approve SConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 51-48. The non-binding resolution will be used to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. The vote marked the first time since 2009 that Congress approved a joint budget resolution. All 44 Democrats voted against the resolution. Capito voted with 50 other Republican senators to approve the bill.^[78]^[79]^[80]

Defense spending authorization

On November 10, 2015, the Senate passed S 1356 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 by a vote of 91-3. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included "$5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget" and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.^[81]^[82] Capito voted with 47 Republicans, 42 Democrats and one independent to approve the bill.^[83] On November 5, 2015, the House passed the bill by a vote of 370-58, and President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.^[84]

On June 18, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1735 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 by a vote of 71-25. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Capito voted with 48 Republicans, 21 Democrats and one Independent to approve the bill.^[85] The House passed the bill on May 15, 2015.^[86] President Barack Obama vetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.^[87]

2015 budget

On October 30, 2015, the Senate passed HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 by a vote of 64-35. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.^[88] Capito voted with 17 Republicans, 44 Democrats and two independents in favor of the bill.^[89] It passed the House on October 28, 2015.^[90] President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.

Foreign Affairs

Iran nuclear deal

See also: Iran nuclear agreement, 2015

On May 7, 2015, the Senate voted to approve HR 1191 - A bill to provide for congressional review and oversight of agreements relating to Iran's nuclear program, and for other purposes, by a vote of 98-1. The bill required President Barack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. Capito voted with 52 other Republican senators to approve the bill. Senator Tom Cotton (Ark.) was the only Republican who voted against the bill.^[91]^[92]

Hire More Heroes Act of 2015
On September 10, 2015, the Senate voted to filibuster the measure to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal by a vote of 58-42.^[93] Sixty votes were needed to proceed to HJ Res 61 - the Hire More Heroes Act of 2015, the legislative vehicle the Senate was expected to use to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal. Capito voted with 53 other Republicans and four Democrats to proceed to the measure of disapproval.^[94]

Hire More Heroes Act of 2015 follow up votes
On September 15, 2015, the Senate voted for a second time to filibuster the measure to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal by a vote of 56-42.^[95] Sixty votes were needed to proceed to HJ Res 61 - the Hire More Heroes Act of 2015, the legislative vehicle the Senate was expected to use to disapprove of the Iran nuclear deal. Capito voted with 51 Republicans and four Democrats to proceed to the measure of disapproval.^[96] The legislation was voted on for a third time on September 17, and it failed for a third time by a vote of 56-42.^[97]

Hire More Heroes Act of 2015 fourth vote
On September 17, 2015, the Senate voted to filibuster a vote on S.Amdt.2656 to S.Amdt.2640 by a vote of 53-45. The amendment proposed prohibiting "the President from waiving, suspending, reducing, providing relief from, or otherwise limiting the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran."^[98] Capito voted with 51 Republicans and one Democrat to proceed to the amendment.^[99]

Immigration

On October 20, 2015, the Senate voted against proceeding to a vote on S 2146 - the Stop Sanctuary Policies and Protect Americans Act by a vote of 54-45. The bill proposed withholding federal funding from "sanctuary jurisdictions" that violate the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 and other federal immigration laws. In addition, the bill proposed increasing "penalties for individuals who illegally reenter the United States after being removed" and providing "liability protection for State and local law enforcement who cooperate with Federal law enforcement."^[100] Capito voted with 51 Republicans and two Democrats in favor of proceeding to the bill.^[101]

Domestic

USA FREEDOM Act of 2015

On June 2, 2015, the Senate passed HR 2048 - the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015 by a vote of 67-32. The legislation revised HR 3199 - the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 by terminating the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Capito voted with 22 Republicans, 43 Democrats and one Independent to approve the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.^[102]^[103]

Federalism

Loretta Lynch AG nomination

On April 23, 2015, the Senate voted to confirm Loretta Lynch as United States Attorney General by a vote of 56-43. All 44 Democratic senators voted to confirm Lynch. Capito voted with 42 other Republican senators against Lynch's confirmation.^[104]

Cyber security

On October 27, 2015, the Senate passed S 754 - the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015 by a vote of 74-21.^[105] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Capito voted with 42 Republicans, 30 Democrats and one independent in favor of the bill.^[106]

113th Congress

The second session of the 113th Congress enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the 112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[107] For more information pertaining to Capito's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.^[108]

National security

NDAA

Capito voted for HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.^[109]

DHS Appropriations

Capito voted for HR 2217 - the DHS Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 that was largely along party lines.^[110]

Keystone Pipeline Amendment

Capito voted against House Amendment 69, which would have amended HR 3 to "require that the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, conduct a study of the vulnerabilities of the Keystone XL pipeline to a terrorist attack and certify that necessary protections have been put in place." The amendment failed on May 22, 2013, with a vote of 176 - 239 and was largely along party lines.^[111]

CISPA (2013)

Capito voted for HR 624 - the CISPA (2013). The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill permitted federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities. The bill was largely supported by Republicans, but divided the Democratic Party.^[112]

Economy

Farm bill

On January 29, 2014, the U.S. House approved the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013, H.R. 2642, also known as the Farm Bill.^[113] The bill passed by a vote of 251-166. The nearly 1,000-page bill reformed and continued various programs of the Department of Agriculture through 2018. The $1 trillion bill expanded crop insurance for farmers by $7 billion over the next decade and created new subsidies for rice and peanut growers that would kick in when prices drop.^[114]^[115] It also cut the food stamp program an average of $90 per month for 1.7 million people in 15 states.^[115] Capito voted with 161 other Republican representatives in favor of the bill.

2014 Budget

On January 15, 2014, the Republican-run House approved H.R. 3547, a $1.1 trillion spending bill to fund the government through September 30, 2014.^[116]^[117] The House voted 359-67 for the 1,582-page bill, with 64 Republicans and three Democrats voting against the bill.^[117] The omnibus package included 12 annual spending bills to fund federal operations.^[118] It increased the paychecks of federal workers and military personnel by 1 percent, increased Head Start funding for early childhood education by $1 billion, reduced funding to the Internal Revenue Service and the Environmental Protection Agency, and protected the Affordable Care Act from any drastic cuts. Capito voted with the majority of the Republican Party in favor of the bill.^[116]

Government shutdown

See also: United States budget debate, 2013

On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.^[119] At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. Harry Reid rejected the call to conference.^[120] Capito voted to approve the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.^[121]

The shutdown ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the Senate. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by Senate Democrats was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.^[122] The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from Republican members. Capito voted for HR 2775.^[123]

Capito asked that her pay be withheld during the shutdown, and said that she would donate the pay from that period to a charity after the shutdown ended.^[124]

Farm Bill

See also: United States Farm Bill 2013

Capito voted for the Farm Bill on July 11, 2013. The bill passed in a 216-208 vote.^[125] The bill passed included farm policy, but did not include food stamps.^[126]

Immigration

Morton Memos Prohibition

Capito voted for House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain individuals residing in the United States without legal status.^[127] The vote largely followed party lines.^[128]

Healthcare

Healthcare Reform Rules

Capito voted for House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires that all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.^[129]

Social issues

Abortion

Capito voted for HR 1797 - Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act. The resolution passed the House on June 18, 2013, with a vote of 228 - 196 that largely followed party lines. The purpose of the bill was to ban abortions that would take place 20 or more weeks after fertilization.^[130]

Government affairs

HR 676

See also: Boehner's lawsuit against the Obama administration

On July 30, 2014, the U.S. House approved a resolution 225 to 201 to sue President Barack Obama for exceeding his constitutional authority. Five Republicans—Thomas Massie of Kentucky, Paul Broun of Georgia, Scott Garrett of New Jersey, Walter Jones of North Carolina and Steve Stockman of Texas—voted with Democrats against the lawsuit.^[131] Capito joined the other 224 Republicans in favor of the lawsuit. All Democrats voted against the resolution.^[132]^[133]

Proposed legislation

Coal Jobs Protection Act of 2013

In May 2013, she introduced the Coal Jobs Protection Act of 2013. The bill would require the Environmental Protection Agency to base a determination on approving a new or renewed permit covering discharges from a structure only on regulations issued by the permitting authority. According to GovTrack, "This bill was introduced on May 6, 2013, in a previous session of Congress, but was not enacted.”^[134]

Previous congressional sessions

Fiscal cliff

Capito voted against the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003, while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. She was one of 151 Republicans that voted against the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257 - 167 vote on January 1, 2013.^[135]

Affordable Care Act

Capito voted against the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare.^[136]

Mine Safety Accountability and Improved Protection Act

In December 2011, Capito sponsored the Mine Safety Accountability and Improved Protection Act. The bill would have established an independent National Mine Safety Board, required mine inspections to be conducted when miners were present and specify requirements for dealing with mines with a pattern of safety violations. The bill was not enacted.^[137]

Tax cuts

In December 2010, Capito voted to extend the tax cuts enacted during the administration of President George W. Bush.^[138]

Issues

2016 presidential election

On October 8, 2016, after The Washington Post released a 2005 video of Trump making derogatory comments about women, Capito called on 2016 Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump to re-examine his candidacy.^[139]^[140]

See also: Republican reactions to 2005 Trump tape

Elections

2026

Note: At this time, Ballotpedia is combining all declared candidates for this election into one list under a general election heading. As primary election dates are published, this information will be updated to separate general election candidates from primary candidates as appropriate.

General election

The general election will occur on November 3, 2026.

General election for U.S. Senate West Virginia

Incumbent Shelley Moore Capito, Derrick Evans, and Alexander Gaaserud are running in the general election for U.S. Senate West Virginia on November 3, 2026.

		Candidate
		Shelley Moore Capito (R)
		Derrick Evans (R)
		Alexander Gaaserud (R)

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
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Endorsements

Ballotpedia is gathering information about candidate endorsements. To send us an endorsement, click here.

2020

United States Senate election in West Virginia, 2020 (June 9 Republican primary)

United States Senate election in West Virginia, 2020 (June 9 Democratic primary)

General election

General election for U.S. Senate West Virginia

Incumbent Shelley Moore Capito defeated Paula Jean Swearengin and David Moran in the general election for U.S. Senate West Virginia on November 3, 2020.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Shelley Moore Capito (R)	70.3	547,454
	Paula Jean Swearengin (D)	27.0	210,309
	David Moran (L)	2.7	21,155

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 778,918
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Franklin Riley (Unaffiliated)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. Senate West Virginia

Paula Jean Swearengin defeated Richard Ojeda and Richie Robb in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senate West Virginia on June 9, 2020.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Paula Jean Swearengin	38.3	71,725
	Richard Ojeda	32.9	61,712
	Richie Robb	28.8	53,944

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 187,381
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. Senate West Virginia

Incumbent Shelley Moore Capito defeated Allen Whitt and Larry Butcher in the Republican primary for U.S. Senate West Virginia on June 9, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Shelley Moore Capito	83.3	173,331
		Allen Whitt	9.6	19,972
	Submit photo	Larry Butcher	7.1	14,673

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 207,976
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2014

See also: United States Senate elections in West Virginia, 2014

Capito won election to the United States Senate on November 4, 2014. Capito won the Republican nomination in the primary on May 13, 2014.^[141]

General election

**U.S. Senate, West Virginia General Election, 2014**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito	62.1%	281,820
	Democratic	Natalie Tennant	34.5%	156,360
	Libertarian	John Buckley	1.6%	7,409
	Constitution	Phil Hudok	0.6%	2,566
	Mountain	Bob Henry Baber	1.2%	5,504
	N/A	Write-ins	0%	30
Total Votes				453,689
Source: U.S. House Clerk "2014 Election Statistics"

Republican primary

**U.S. Senate, West Virginia Republican Primary, 2014**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Shelley Moore Capito	87.5%	74,655
Larry Butcher	4.2%	3,595
Matthew Dodrill	8.3%	7,072
Total Votes		85,322
Source: West Virginia Secretary of State

Endorsements

Capito was endorsed by the following:^[142]

Wheeling Intelligencer
Huntington Herald Dispatch
Times West Virginian
Parkersburg News and Sentinel
The Martinsburg Journal
The Weirton Daily Times
Charleston Daily Mail
Bluefield Daily Telegraph
BIPAC – Business Industry Political Action Committee
Maggie’s List
National Association of Realtors
National Association of Women Business Owners
National Rifle Association
National Right to Life
National Shooting Sports Foundation
RightNOW Women PAC
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
West Virginia Chamber of Commerce
West Virginia Coal Association
West Virginians for Life
West Virginia Farm Bureau, Farm PAC
West Virginia Citizens Defense League
Hospac (West Virginia Hospital Association)
West Virginia Medical Association
Charleston Regional Chamber of Commerce
HuntPac (Huntington Regional Chamber of Commerce)
National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB)
Corridor H, Finish It!

Media

Capito for WV's, July 2014 ad, "Fighting for the Home Team."

Capito for WV's, August 2014 ad, "Obamacare."

Capito for WV's, August 2014 ad, "Medals of Honor."

Capito for WV's, September 2014 ad, "Shared Values."

Capito for WV's, October 2014 ad, "Real Story."

Capito for WV's, October 2014 ad, "Biggest Fan."

Capito for WV's, October 2014 ad, "Everyday."

Attack ad

"Natalie Tennant for Senate," September 2013

Natalie Tennant criticized Capito for voting against a mine safety act, a policy supported by other West Virginia delegates. Capito expressed displeasure with Tennant's comments, saying, "I was obviously a little surprised at the vindictive nature she came right out of the box against me. I’ve got a lot going on here, and I’ve been doing this a long time. So I’m going to stick with my strategy. I always take the high road."^[143]

Polls

Capito v. Tennant
Poll	Shelley Moore Capito (R)	Natalie Tennant (D)	Undecided	Margin of Error	Sample Size

Rasmussen Reports September 30-October 1, 2014	50%	39%	11%	+/-4	750
The West Virginia Poll August 15-23, 2014	54%	37%	9%	+/-4.9	401
The West Virginia Poll May 26, 2014	49%	38%	13%	+/-4.9	400
DMF Research April 22-27, 2014	46%	36%	17%	+/-5.2	400
Rasmussen Reports February 19-20, 2014	49%	35%	12%	+/-4.5	500
EMILY's List January 29-30, 2014	45%	39%	16%	+/-2.35	1,727
Harper Polling September 24-25, 2013	51%	34%	15%	+/-3.87	640
Public Policy Polling September 19-22, 2013	50%	36%	14%	+/-2.9	1,110
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to [email protected]

2012

See also: West Virginia's 2nd Congressional District elections, 2012

Capito won re-election in 2012.^[144] She defeated Michael Davis and Jonathan Miller in the May 8 Republican primary and defeated Howard Swint (D) in the November 6 general election.^[145]^[146]^[147]

**U.S. House, West Virginia District 2 General Election, 2012**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Howard Swint	30.2%	68,340
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito Incumbent	69.8%	157,825
Total Votes				226,165
Source: West Virginia Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

**West Virginia's 2nd Congressional District Republican Primary, 2012**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Shelley Moore Capito Incumbent	83%	35,088
Michael Davis	5.9%	2,495
Jonathan Miller	11.1%	4,711
Total Votes		42,294

Full history

To view the full congressional electoral history for Shelley Moore Capito, click [show] to expand the section.

2010

On November 2, 2010, Shelley Moore Capito won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Virginia Lynch Graf (D) and Phil Hudok (Constitution) in the general election.^[148]

U.S. House, West Virginia District 2 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito incumbent	68.5%	126,814
	Democratic	Virginia Lynch Graf	29.7%	55,001
	Constitution	Phil Hudok	1.9%	3,431
Total Votes				185,246

2008

On November 4, 2008, Shelley Moore Capito won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Anne Barth (D) and Aaron Mills (Write-in) in the general election.^[149]

U.S. House, West Virginia District 2 General Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito incumbent	57.1%	147,334
	Democratic	Anne Barth	42.9%	110,819
	N/A	Aaron Mills	0%	16
Total Votes				258,169

2006

On November 7, 2006, Shelley Moore Capito won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Mike Callaghan (D) in the general election.^[150]

U.S. House, West Virginia District 2 General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito incumbent	57.2%	94,110
	Democratic	Mike Callaghan	42.8%	70,470
Total Votes				164,580

2004

On November 2, 2004, Shelley Moore Capito won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Erik Wells (D) and Julian Martin (Mountain) in the general election.^[151]

U.S. House, West Virginia District 2 General Election, 2004
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito incumbent	57.5%	147,676
	Democratic	Erik Wells	41.3%	106,131
	Mountain	Julian Martin	1.3%	3,218
Total Votes				257,025

2002

On November 5, 2002, Shelley Moore Capito won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Jim Humphreys (D) in the general election.^[152]

U.S. House, West Virginia District 2 General Election, 2002
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito incumbent	60%	98,276
	Democratic	Jim Humphreys	40%	65,400
Total Votes				163,676

2000

On November 7, 2000, Shelley Moore Capito won election to the United States House. She defeated Jim Humphreys (D) and John Brown (L) in the general election.^[153]

U.S. House, West Virginia District 2 General Election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Shelley Moore Capito	48.5%	108,769
	Democratic	Jim Humphreys	45.9%	103,003
	Libertarian	John Brown	5.6%	12,543
Total Votes				224,315

Sen. Byrd's seat

When Sen. Robert C. Byrd died suddenly, he left his U.S. Senate seat, which he held longer than any other Senator in U.S. history, unfilled. Rep. Shelley Moore Capito (R-W.Va.) was a possible contender in a special election to be held in West Virginia. Carte Goodwin was appointed by Gov. Joe Manchin to fill the seat until a special election could be held in November 2010. Capito released a statement that congratulated Goodwin on his temporary appointment, but she also criticized the nature of the appointment:

"It is troubling that upon the news of Senator Robert Byrd’s passing, the three elected executive officers of our state government who play a significant role in determining the process and timing of a Special Election – Governor, Secretary of State and Attorney General – did not meet and work together on a course of action to address the known problems in the law. It is apparent that many elected officials, and particularly the person ultimately charged with calling a Special Election, have been more focused on political maneuvers to further their own political ambitions before fulfilling the obligations of their office on behalf of the people they were elected to serve."

"Based on the person chosen from the rumored field of candidates to fill the U.S. Senate vacancy on an interim basis, it is once again evident that political ambition was the key factor in the selection. Governor Manchin followed the same path as Florida Governor Charlie Crist did last August when he appointed his former staffer for the sole purpose of protecting his own desire to run for the U.S. Senate seat..."^[154]

Capito ultimately decided against a Senate bid in the subsequent November 2010 special election, pointing out that, even though the West Virginia Legislature passed a law allowing her to run for both her House seat and the U.S. Senate, "running for two offices simultaneously is not who I am as a person. More importantly, this is not about me, but what is right for the people of West Virginia."^[155] Thus on July 21, 2010, Capito announced on WV MetroNews Talkline that she would not enter the race.^[156]

Polls

Potential general election match-up
Poll	Natalie Tennant (D)	Shelly Moore Capito (R)	Undecided	Margin of Error	Sample Size

DMF Research April 22-27, 2014	36%	46%	17%	+/-5.2	400
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to [email protected]

Campaign themes

2026

Ballotpedia survey responses

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You can ask Shelley Moore Capito to fill out this survey by using the buttons below or emailing [email protected].

2020

Shelley Moore Capito did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

2012

According to her website, Capito's campaign platform included the following issues:^[157]

Energy independence
Decreasing taxes and regulation
Health care access

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by Shelley Moore Capito
Endorsee	Election	Stage	Outcome
Moore Capito ^source (R)	Governor of West Virginia (2024)	Primary	Lost Primary
Donald Trump ^source (Conservative Party, R)	President of the United States (2024)	Primary	Won General
Jim Justice ^source (R)	U.S. Senate West Virginia (2024)	Primary	Won General
Katie Britt ^source (R)	U.S. Senate Alabama (2022)	Primary, Primary Runoff	Won General

Noteworthy events

Selection as Senate Republican Policy Committee chairwoman

See also: U.S. Senate leadership elections, 2025

Capito was elected to serve as Senate Republican Policy Committee chairwoman in the 119th Congress when Senate Republicans held their leadership elections on November 13, 2024. She ran unopposed.^[158]

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Shelley Moore Capito campaign contribution history
Year	Office	Status	Contributions	Expenditures
2026*	U.S. Senate West Virginia	Candidacy Declared general	$2,288,399	$2,069,235
2020	U.S. Senate West Virginia	Won general	$5,756,398	$3,967,986
2014	U.S. Senate (West Virginia)	Won	$7,858,642	N/A**
Grand total			$15,903,439	$6,037,221
Sources: OpenSecrets, Federal Elections Commission *This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* Data from this year may not be complete
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

Personal Gain Index

See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Capito's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $382,064 to $2,626,998. That averages to $1,504,531, which is lower than the average net worth of Republican House members in 2012 of $7,614,097.96. Capito ranked as the 176th most wealthy representative in 2012.^[159] Between 2004 and 2012, Capito's calculated net worth^[160] decreased by an average of 5 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.^[161]

Shelley Moore Capito Yearly Net Worth
Year	Average Net Worth
2004	$2,560,947
2012	$1,504,531
Growth from 2004 to 2012:	−41%
Average annual growth:	−5%^[162]
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.^[163]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). In the 113th Congress, Capito was the chair of the Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit. Capito received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Leadership PACs industry. Comparatively, the top industry employer in West Virginia's 2nd Congressional District was Educational services, and health care and social assistance, according to a 2012 U.S. Census survey.^[164]

From 1999-2014, 23.57 percent of Capito's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.^[165]

Shelley Moore Capito Campaign Contributions
Total Raised	$19,715,579
Total Spent	$17,106,762
Chair of the Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit
Top industry in the district	Educational services, and health care and social assistance
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Leadership PACs	$1,084,719
Retired	$1,014,897
Mining	$875,186
Lawyers/Law Firms	$863,638
Health Professionals	$808,665
% total in top industry	5.5%
% total in top two industries	10.65%
% total in top five industries	23.57%

Analysis

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.^[166]

Capito most often votes with:

Capito least often votes with:

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Capito was a "moderate Republican leader," as of July 21, 2014.^[167] This was the same rating Capito received in June 2013. ^[168]

Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Capito missed 2 of 270 roll call votes from January 2015 to September 2015. This amounts to 0.7 percent, which is better than the median of 1.6 percent among current senators as of September 2015.^[169]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Capito paid her congressional staff a total of $993,255 in 2011. Overall, West Virginia ranked 33rd in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.^[170]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress.

2013

Capito ranked 172nd in the conservative rankings in 2013.^[171]

2012

Capito was one of two members who ranked 207th in the conservative rankings in 2012.^[172]

2011

Capito was one of two members of congress who ranked 203rd in the conservative rankings in 2011.^[173]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Capito voted with the Republican Party 94.6 percent of the time, which ranked 103rd among the 233 House Republican members as of July 2014.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

2013

Capito voted with the Republican Party 95.2 percent of the time, which ranked 154th among the 234 House Republican members as of June 2013.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

Personal

Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Capito and her husband, Charles L. Capito, have three children.^[2]

Capito's father, former West Virginia congressman, state legislator, and governor, Arch Alfred Moore Jr., died on January 7, 2015, the day after Capito was sworn into the United States Senate. He was 91 years old. Capito released the following statement: "Dad loved the state of West Virginia as if it were a member of our family. Serving West Virginians was at the core of his very being and he cherished every moment of it."^[174]

External links

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Candidate

U.S. Senate West Virginia

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Officeholder

U.S. Senate West Virginia

Footnotes

Political offices
Preceded by Jay Rockefeller (D)	U.S. Senate West Virginia 2015-Present	Succeeded by -
Preceded by -	U.S. House West Virginia District 2 2001-2015	Succeeded by Alexander Mooney (R)
Preceded by -	West Virginia House of Delegates 1996-2000	Succeeded by -

[show]

West Virginia's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Shelley Capito (R)

Jim Justice (R)

Representatives

District 1

Carol Miller (R)

District 2

Riley Moore (R)

Republican Party (4)

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[bio-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Shelley Moore Capito, "About Shelley," accessed February 6, 2019 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "bio" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "bio" defined multiple times with different content

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[135] U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013

[136] American Medical Association, "Rep. Shelley Capito (R-WV 2nd District)," accessed July 12, 2014

[137] GovTrack.us, "H.R. 3697 (112th): Mine Safety Accountability and Improved Protection Act," accessed July 12, 2014

[138] Washington Post, "The U.S. Congress Votes Database," December 17, 2010

[139] Twitter, "John Harwood," October 8, 2016

[140] The Washington Post, "Trump recorded having extremely lewd conversation about women in 2005," October 8, 2016

[141] Associated Press, "West Virginia - Summary Vote Results," May 13, 2014

[142] Capito for Senate, "Endorsements," accessed October 21, 2014

[143] Politico, "Shelley Moore Capito: Natalie Tennant roll-out ‘vindictive’," accessed September 23, 2013

[144] Washington Post: The Fix, "Romney and Santorum demonstrate hugely different bases of support," January 4, 2012

[west-145] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named west

[146] West Virginia Secretary of State, "2012 Primary Results"

[147] Politico, "2012 Election Map," accessed November 6, 2012

[148] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013

[149] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013

[150] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013

[151] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013

[152] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013

[153] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013

[154] WestVirginiaWatchDog.org, "It's official: Manchin appoints Carte Goodwin for Senate Seat," July 16, 2010

[155] "Daily Mail", "Capito will not run against Manchin for Byrd's seat," 7/21/10

[156] WestVirginiaWatchDog.org, "AUDIO: Capito Announces on WV MetroNews Talkline She is Not Seeking Senate Seat," July 21, 2010

[157] Capito for Congress, "Issues," accessed May 2, 2012

[rlist-158] X, "Jake Sherman on November 13, 2024," accessed November 13, 2024

[159] OpenSecrets, "Capito, 2012," accessed January 14, 2014

[160] This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).

[161] This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.

[162] This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.

[163] This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.

[164] Census.gov, "My Congressional District," accessed October 2, 2014

[165] OpenSecrets.org, "Rep. Shelley Moore Capito," accessed October 2, 2014

[166] OpenCongress, "Shelley Moore Capito," archived March 4, 2016

[167] GovTrack, "Shelley Moore Capito," accessed July 21, 2014

[168] GovTrack, "Shelley Moore Capito," accessed June 26, 2013

[169] GovTrack, "Sen. Shelley Capito (R)," accessed September 28, 2015

[170] LegiStorm, "Shelley Moore Capito," accessed September 7, 2012

[171] National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," July 21, 2014

[172] National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," February 28, 2013

[173] National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012

[174] ABC News, "Former West Virginia Gov. Arch Moore Dies at 91," accessed January 9, 2014

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