中國人的生活滿意度與幫助期望之間的相互影響
Reciprocal Effects between Life Satisfaction and Help Expectancy in China
——《當代心理學》2025年，第44卷，第1期——
Volume 44, Issue 1, 2025
【摘要】生活滿意度與幫助預期或預測未來幫助之間的相互作用在理論和實證上是合理的，但模糊且有爭議。這種合理性依賴於交換理論，該理論認為滿意度和幫助是可交換的恩惠。然而，幫助預期在很大程度上是經驗上未知的，它可以表示社會需求和依賴性阻礙了滿意度。這場爭論促使本研究使用2015年至2018年中國12,000名居民的小組調查來同時估計相互影響。結果表明，在控制居民及其配偶的先前狀態後，生活滿意度和幫助預期之間存在統計學上顯著的相互貢獻。值得注意的是，幫助預期對生活滿意度的同時貢獻很小，只有反向貢獻的一半。同時，生活滿意度和幫助預期之間的滯後相互影響不顯著。因此，結果表明，提高幫助預期對提高生活滿意度只會略有效果。
【關鍵詞】生活滿意度、幫助期望、互惠效應、交換理論
[Abstract] Reciprocal effects between life satisfaction and help expectancy or predicted help in the future are plausible but obscure and debatable theoretically and empirically. The plausibility rests on exchange theory regarding satisfaction and help as exchangeable favors. However, help expectancy, largely empirically uncharted, can signify social demand and dependency impeding satisfaction. This debate urges the present study to use a panel survey of 12,000 residents in China from 2015 to 2018 to estimate the reciprocal effects simultaneously. Results show statistically significant reciprocal contributions between life satisfaction and help expectancy, controlling for their prior states in the resident and his or her spouse. Notably, the concurrent contribution of help expectancy to life satisfaction was slight and only half of the reverse contribution. Meanwhile, lagged reciprocal effects between life satisfaction and help expectancy were nonsignificant. Results thus imply that promoting help expectancy would only be slightly effective in advancing life satisfaction.
[Key words] Life satisfaction, Help expectancy, Reciprocal effects, Exchange theory
論文原文：Cheung, Ck., Yu, Z. (2025). Reciprocal effects between life satisfaction and help expectancy in China. Current Psychology, Volume 44, Issue 1, Pages 194–205.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-07063-5
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