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-> 後金

後金[View] [Edit] [History]
ctext:638011

RelationTargetTextual basis
typedynasty
name後金default
authority-wikidataQ1062546
link-wikipedia_zh后金
link-wikipedia_enLater_Jin_(1616–1636)
The Later Jin, officially known as Jin or the Great Jin, was a Jurchen-led royal dynasty of China and a khanate ruled by the House of Aisin-Gioro in Manchuria, as the precursor to the Qing dynasty. Established in 1616 by the Jianzhou Jurchen chieftain Nurhaci upon his reunification of the Jurchen tribes, its name was derived from the earlier Jin dynasty founded by the Wanyan clan which had ruled northern China in the 12th and 13th centuries.

In 1635, the lingering Northern Yuan dynasty under Ejei Khan formally submitted to the Later Jin. The following year, Hong Taiji officially renamed the realm to "Great Qing", thus marking the start of the Qing dynasty. During the Ming–Qing transition, the Qing conquered Li Zicheng's Shun dynasty and various Southern Ming claimants and loyalists, going on to rule an empire comprising all of China, stretching as far as Tibet, Manchuria, Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Taiwan until the 1911 Revolution established the Republic of China.

Read more...: Name   History   Rise of Jianzhou Jurchens   Establishment of the Khanate   Expansion   Aftermath   Gallery  

The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the original article.
後金(1616年2月17日-1636年5月15日),女真族首領努爾哈赤建立的政權。天命元年(1616年),努爾哈赤在赫圖阿拉(今遼寧省新賓滿族自治縣西老城)稱「汗」,國號「金」(ᠠᡳ᠌ᠰᡳᠨᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|v=aisin gurun|a=aisin gurun),與明朝並立,是為清朝的前身。改國號前夕,後金已占據包括今中國東北、內蒙古和俄羅斯遠東地區南部的廣大地區。

自從明萬曆十一年(1583年)開始,努爾哈赤以十三副遺甲起兵逐步統一建州女真各部,萬曆二十一年(1593年)的古勒山之戰後努爾哈赤大體上統一女真各部控制現中國東北大部分地區,明萬曆四十三年(1615年),努爾哈赤在原有牛錄組織的基礎上,創建八旗制度。同時還命令下屬噶蓋與額爾德尼以蒙古文字為基礎創造滿文,公元1616年,努爾哈赤建國,國號金,年號天命,天命六年(1621年)移都遼陽(今遼寧省遼陽市)。天命十年(1625年)又遷都瀋陽,改號盛京(今遼寧省瀋陽市)。次年,努爾哈赤病逝,努爾哈赤第八子皇太極繼汗位。改年號天聰,天聰九年(1635年)皇太極征服漠南蒙古。同時,皇太極進一步完善後金的政治制度,設立內三院和六部、增設八旗蒙古和漢軍,廢除努爾哈赤統治時期的弊政,緩解後金統治下的滿漢矛盾,史稱「天聰新政」。天聰十年(1636年),皇太極稱帝,改元崇德,改國號曰「大清」,改族名曰「滿洲」。「後金」共經歷兩代二十年。

Read more...: 國號   歷史   建州女真的興起   努爾哈赤的崛起   建立後金   兵敗寧遠   皇太極繼位   統一漠南蒙古   改國號為大清   疆域   民族   政權建設   政治   文化   外交   經濟   軍事   技術   宗教   君主列表   注釋  

The text above has been excerpted automatically from Wikipedia - please correct any errors in the original article.

SourceRelationfrom-dateto-date
後金太祖ruled1616/2/17天命元年正月壬申1626/9/30天命十一年八月庚戌
清太宗ruled1626/10/1天命十一年八月辛亥

TextCount
清皇室四譜1
URI: https://data.ctext.org/entity/638011 [RDF]

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