Zhou Lianggong's portraitZhou Lianggong (周亮工 Zhōu Liànggōng|w=Chou Liang-kung, 1612–1672) was a Chinese poet, calligrapher, essayist, and art historian who was born in Kaifeng and had long family ties to Nanjing.
He passed his Jinshi degree in 1640, becoming a magistrate in Weixian, Shandong where he defended the city from attack from Manchu Qing army led by Abatai. He escaped to Beijing, but fled to Nanjing after the city was attacked by Li Zicheng's rebel forces. After Prince Dodo took Nanjing for the Qing dynasty, Zhou began serving the Qing. He would however take his place in the new Manchu regime in a variety of official capacities. In 1655, he was accused of official corruption by the Governor General of Fujian and Zhejiang Tongtai and finally faced imprisonment in Fuzhou, where he edited his poetry collection Laigutang Ji (賴古堂集). He was in jail when Koxinga's forces attacked, and he was temporarily released to lead the defense. Zhou was eventually granted amnesty in 1661, Zhou again served as an official, acting as grain intendant of Nanjing. In December 1669 he hosts a party, and over twenty Nanjing-affiliated painters and poets gathered there. He was accused again of corruption in 1669. His sentence was hanging, but he was again given amnesty and released during the general amnesty of 1670.
Late in life, he destroyed many of his writings, but not those of his many associates, whose work he guided and edited. Among his surviving works is a collection of jottings known as Yinshuwu Shuying (因树屋书影), a work he compiled in prison, and a remarkable collection of letters, Chidu Xinchao (尺牍新抄). The collection of letters was a democratic undertaking. Many of the collected letters are by those who aided in the compilation. In a real sense, Zhou was chief editor. In the immediate years after his death, Zhou was considered a writer of the first rank. By the 18th century, he and other writers who had served two dynasties were then considered of a lower level. In the late 18th century, his works were considered anathema by the ruling monarch.
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周亮工（1612年 - 1672年），字
元亮，號
櫟園、
減齋。河南祥符（今開封市）人，原籍江西金溪，
明末
清初文人。
Read more...: 生平 著作 延伸閱讀
生平
生於明萬曆四十年（1612年），久居金陵（南京）。崇禎十三年（1640年）成進士，授山東濰縣知縣，守城有功，當地士民感念其保境守土之功，為他立了生祠。十七年（1644年），遷浙江道監察御史。甲申之變，李自成破京師，投繯自殺，為家人所救。
清順治二年（1645年），豫親王多鐸兵下江南，亮工詣軍門投降。入清後，任江南鹽法道道員。順治四年（1647年）擢為福建按察使，參與鎮壓福建，「建詩話樓，祀宋嚴滄浪其上，召邑諸生能詩者益日與倡和。」升戶部右侍郎。康熙六年（1667年）任江安十府糧儲道叅議。
康熙八年漕運總督帥顏保劾「縱役侵扣諸款」，亮工被捕，遇赦得釋。晚年有焚書之舉。康熙十一年（1672年）六月卒於館舍。《清史列傳》列入《貳臣傳》。
著作
善古文，宗法唐宋八大家，推崇嚴羽詩論。魏禧稱：「博及群書而未嘗好徵引故實以自侈其富，……每命一文，必深思力索，戛戛乎務去其陳言習見而皆衷于理義，無詭僻矯激之辭以驚世駭俗，其正也如是。」。撰有《賴古堂全集》24卷。
延伸閱讀
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