生平

張玉書生於崇禎十五年（1642年）六月二十二日。順治十八年（1661年）辛丑科二甲第二名進士。選翰林院庶吉士，康熙三年（1664年）散館授編修，十四年（1675年）升國子監司業，十五年（1676年）改翰林院侍講，同年充日講起居注官，十六年（1677年）升右春坊右庶子，十八年（1679年）任纂修《明史》總裁官，十九年（1680年）六月升詹事府詹事、翰林院侍講學士，入值南書房，二十年（1681年）升內閣學士，二十一年（1682年）充經筵講官，二十三年（1684年）升禮部左侍郎、翰林院掌院學士，同年丁父憂，服闋，二十六年（1687年）升刑部尚書，二十七年（1688年）改兵部尚書，同年改禮部尚書，二十九年（1690年）拜文華殿大學士兼戶部尚書。

康熙三十五年（1696年），隨康熙帝征伐噶爾丹叛亂。

康熙四十九年（1710年），告病辭官，仍慰留在朝。康熙五十年（1711年），以七十歲高齡隨康熙帝至熱河，五月十八日病死塞外，贈太子太保，諡文貞。

家族

父張九徵為順治四年（1647年）丁亥科進士。兄張玉裁為康熙六年（1667年）丁未科榜眼，弟張仕可為康熙十五年（1676年）丙辰科進士；張恕可為康熙二十七年（1688年）戊辰科進士。子張逸少為康熙三十三年（1694年）甲戌科進士。

著作

著有《張文貞集》。曾任康熙十八年（1679年）纂修《明史》總裁官，編撰《平定朔漠方略》、《佩文韻府》（1704年—1711年）、《康熙字典》總裁官。

Biography

A native of Dantu, Jiangsu, Zhang took the imperial examination and earned a jinshi degree in 1661. He appointed as a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy and was promoted to the rank of compiler three years later. He served in that role for the next twelve years before being made a tutor in the Imperial Academy. He was appointed director-general of the Historiographical Board in 1679 and tasked with helping compile the History of Ming with Ye Fang'ai and Xu Yuanwen.

He was promoted to expositor in the Hanlin Academy soon after and made a sub-chancellor in the Grand Secretariat in 1681. In 1684, he became vice-president of the Ministry of Rites and also served concurrently as chancellor of the Hanlin Academy. In the same year, his father died and he took retirement to mourn. In 1687, Zhang returned to government service to become Minister of Justice. He assumed the role of Minister of Rites two years later in 1689. During this time, he was posted to Gaoyao, Jiangsu, with Xiong Cili to inspect the river conservancy work there by Jin Fu. In 1690, Zhang became Grand Secretary of Wenhua Hall as well as Minister of Revenue. In 1696, Zhang travelled to Mongolia, joining the Kangxi Emperor in his expedition against Galdan. In 1697, alongside fellow grand secretaries Li Tianfu and Xiong Cili, he was made a director-general in charge of compiling the Pingding shuomo fang lüe (平定朔漠方略), an official account detailing the Qing military campaigns against the Dzungars. Zhang retired the following year to mourn his late mother, but returned to official life in 1700. He joined the emperor on his fourth tour of the south in 1703 and also travelled to Rehe with him in 1708, leaving behind a highly detailed account of the Kangxi Emperor's mountain estate there. Zhang's later career was spent directing the compilation of the Peiwen Yunfu and the Kangxi Dictionary. He died in 1711 whilst accompanying the emperor on a trip to Jehol. Zhang was honoured with posthumous name Wenzhen (文貞) and his name was included in the Temple of Eminent Statesmen during the reign of Yongzheng.