事跡

大業五年（609年）八月，傳聞開河督都護麻叔謀在寧陵縣開鑿運河，患風逆症，隋煬帝命巢元方前往探視治療。巢元方診斷後認為是風入腠理，病在胸臆，以羊肉為藥食之，藥未盡即病癒。

著作

大業六年（610年）主持編撰《諸病源候論》五十卷。該書又名《巢氏病源》，是中醫學現存第一部病因學專著，應用導引按摩防治疾病，對67類疾病的病因病機、証候與病情進展進行了詳細記載。其中38卷、157候之末附有養生方和導引法，共載有養生方120條、導引法289條。

成就

《諸病源候論》總結了魏晉南北朝以來的醫療經驗和成就，突破了前人傳統的三因學說，對疾病的分類及治療獨闢蹊徑，廣泛而比較系統地論述了各種疾病的病源與証候，對每種疾病、証候的發生、發展和演變都做了詳盡的闡釋，對後世醫學的發展產生了深遠的影響。

注釋

Life

Very few details have been preserved about the life of Chao Yuanfang. He is referred to in old texts as a medical erudite. Historical records indicate that Chao Yuanfang lived during the final years of the Sui dynasty (581–618 CE) and the early years of the Tang dynasty (618–906 CE). During the Daye reign (605–618 CE) of the Sui dynasty he was appointed as the Academician of the Imperial Medical Academy and later promoted to the post of Court Physician.

Zhubing Yuanhou Lun

Scholarship does not agree on the authorship of the Zhubing yuanhou lun 諸病源候論 (General Treatise on Causes and Manifestations of All Diseases). The Suishu jingji zhi, a bibliography included in the official history of the Sui dynasty and compiled between 641 and 656, identifies Wu Jingxian as the author. In the Jiutangshu jingji zhi, the bibliography of the Old Book of the Tang dynasty compiled during the rule of the Later Jin dynasty 後晉 (936-946), Wu Jing is named the author of the work. The name Chao Yuanfang is first recorded as the author of the work in historical records from the Song dynasty (960–1279). Further reference to Chao Yuanfan's participation in the authoring of the book is found in an edition of the Zhubing yuanhou lun published during the Northern Song dynasty. The preface to that edition states that the work was written during the Daiye period of the Sui dynasty by the imperial physician Chao Yuanfang and others pursuant to an imperial decree. The preface further describes that the authors compiled the work by gathering the most authoritative writings from various schools of thought and studying these thoroughly. The work was then submitted to the throne in 610.

The Zhubing yuanhou lun has been integrally preserved and is divided into 50 chapters (scrolls). It discusses more than 1,700 syndromes, which are classified into 67 symptom categories of internal and external diseases. The final chapters deal with gynaecology, obstetrics and pediatrics. It is the first Chinese text that deals with etiology and symptomatology. It also discusses therapeutic methods. The therapeutic methods proposed are not the traditional medicines or acupuncture of Chinese medicine, but therapies based on such practices as diet and daoyin. Tao yin is sometimes referred to as Taoist yoga and consists of a series of exercises (mainly in lying and sitting positions, but also in standing positions) that are intended to cultivate qi, the internal energy of the body according to Traditional Chinese Medicine. The practice of Tao yin is a precursor of qigong, The Zhubing yuanhou lun prescribes 213 Tao yin exercises for 110 different symptoms. The Zhubing yuanhou lun had an important influence on the development of Chinese medicine. Its influence also extended to Japan where it formed the inspiration for the Ishinpō, the oldest surviving Japanese medical text completed in 984.

Editions

• Chinese-language edition of the Zhubing Yuanhou Lun at archive.org