
《
穆天子傳》,又名《
周王遊行》,作者不詳,約成書于戰國時期,記
周穆王巡遊事。
西晉時出土,經當時人整理分為五卷,今本將
周穆王美人盛姬死事一卷併入,共六卷。《穆天子傳》是《汲塚書》中唯一流傳至今的一種。
西晉太康二年(281年)汲郡人不準盜掘先秦魏國古墓(可能是魏襄王或魏安釐王之墓),墓中出土了大量竹書。經荀勖、衛恆、束晳等人整理成《汲塚書》七十五篇。《穆天子傳》前五卷詳細記載周穆王在位時率師南征北戰的盛況,也記述了周穆王得赤驥、盜驪、白義、逾輪、山子、渠黃、驊騮、綠耳等八匹好馬,御者造父,伯夭作嚮導,在十三年至十七年進行了一次西征崑崙山的遠行,越過漳水,行程九萬里,以觀四荒,北絕流沙,見到西王母,又驅馳陰山、蒙古高原、塔里木盆地、蔥嶺等地,最後一卷抒寫了周穆王對其美人盛姬的執著情愛和刻骨相思,稱《周穆王美人盛姬死事》。
《穆天子傳》有別於《左傳》的歷史傳記體裁,以日月為序,雖名為傳,實屬編年,是以周穆王的活動為中心的實錄性散文。《隋書·經籍志》最早歸列為「起居注類」。但神話色彩強烈,胡應麟稱之「小說濫觴」。姚際恆以為《穆天子傳》為偽書,法國學者沙畹甚至以為穆天子並非周穆王,而是指秦穆公。西晉時著作佐郎郭璞為《穆天子傳》作注,清檀萃有《穆天子傳註疏》,丁謙有《穆天子傳地理考証》,顧實有《穆天子傳西征講疏》,初稿曾由孫文「披覽筆削,允為題序行世」,岑仲勉評論謂:「其書瑕瑜參半,歐陸之擬議,無非強書本就己見,不足據也。」今人王貽樑、陳建敏有《穆天子傳匯校集釋》。
歷史學家楊寬認為,穆天子傳源自于西方河宗氏傳說,後被魏國史官整理成書,其內容歷史和神話混雜。但隨著對西周青銅器金文的研究,証明書中許多內容有歷史依據,具有一定的史料價值。
以上介紹摘自維基百科;若有錯漏,敬請在維基百科上修改
來源條目。

The
Tale of King Mu, Son of Heaven (穆天子傳 Mù Tiānzǐ Zhuàn) is a fantasy version of the travels of
King Mu of Zhou, historical fifth sovereign of the
Zhou dynasty of China, r. 976–922 BCE or 956–918 BCE.
The written originals of the fantasy biography of King Mu and a biography of his mother were found along with the Bamboo Annals in the tomb of Wei Xiang-zi (d. 296 BCE), king of Wei, rediscovered in 281 CE during the Jin dynasty (266–420), after which they were merged into a single tale during transmission.
Transmitted are four textual lineages which became independent from the original. Later versions were sometimes called Zhou Wang Youxing, literally "(The) Zhou King('s) Travels" or "Travels of the Zhou King".
顯示更多...: Contents Commentaries Modern scholarship
Contents
King Mu dreamed of being an immortal. He determined to visit the Western heavenly paradise of the Queen Mother of the West on the Mount Kunlun and taste her Peaches of Immortality. A brave charioteer named Zao Fu carried the king and seven worthy companions by chariot to the Queen Mother, whom he feasts at blue gem pool in Chapter 3 with a banquet, wine, gifts, and decorous exchange of poems with some sense of his being subsequently rejuvenated or at least blessed with posterity. The implications of the poems seem to cast the Queen Mother of the West as a vassal whom King Mu confirms in ruling her own land.
Chapter 6 mainly recounts the death of King Mu's favorite consort, Cheng Ji, with details of her funeral with a huge entourage which takes eight days to arrive at her burial site. Heartbroken, King Mu tarries there, fishing, hunting, until a soldier chides and admonishes him into returning his attention to government and slowly traveling back to his capital.
The Tale of King Mu, Son of Heaven is an early textually extant narrative case of Chinese literature stressing a particular heroic human, though the biography, apparently fantastic or considered credible, is a chief format of Chinese literature from its outset with focus on sovereigns and their exploits, particularly with governmental preoccupation with geography through the peripheries of the emergent Chinese state.
The earliest commentary to the text was written by the scholar Guo Pu (276–324) during the Eastern Jin.
During the Qing dynasty (1644-1912), the text was revisited by Tan Cui 檀萃, Hong Yixuan 洪頤煊 and Zhai Yunsheng 翟雲升.
Modern scholarship
• Porter, Deborah Lynn. From Deluge to Discourse: Myth, History, and the Generation of Chinese Fiction. State University of New York, 1996.
以上介紹摘自維基百科;若有錯漏,敬請在維基百科上修改
來源條目。