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Thermal comfort of man in different urban environments

  • Published: March 1987
  • Volume 38, pages 43–49, (1987)
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Thermal comfort of man in different urban environments
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  • H. Mayer1 &
  • P. Höppe1 
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Summary

On July 29, 1985, a hot summer day, biometeorological measurements were performed simultaneously in three different urban structures within the city of Munich and in the trunk space of a nearby tall spruce forest. Based on the results of these experiments the following thermophysiologically relevant biometeorological indices were calculated: Predicted mean vote, skin wettedness and physiologically equivalent temperature. These three indices are derived from different models for the human energy balance. They allow the assessment of the thermal components of the microclimates at the selected sites with regard to application in urban planning. The results quantitatively show the great heat stress in the urban structure “street canyon, exposed to south”, whereas in the “trunk space of the tall spruce forest” there is nearly an optimal climate even on hot summer days. Between these extremes the results for “street canyon, exposed to north” show a little higher heat load than for “backyard with trees”.

Zusammenfassung

An einem heißen Sommertag, dem 29. Juli 1985, wurden in drei Stadtstrukturen in München und im Stammraum eines nahegelegenen Fichtenhochwaldes zeitgleich biometeorologische Messungen durchgeführt. Mit den Meßergebnissen wurden folgende thermophysiologisch relevante biometeorologische Indizes berechnet: Predicted mean vote, Hautbenetzungsgrad und physiologisch äquivalente Temperatur. Diese drei Indizes beruhen auf verschiedenen Modellen zur menschlichen Energiebilanz. Mit den drei Indizes wurden die thermischen Komponenten der Mikroklimate an den ausgewählten Meßplätzen im Hinblick auf Stadtplanungsaufgaben bewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen quantitativ die relativ große Hitzebelastung bei der Stadtstruktur „Straßenschlucht, nach Süd exponiert“, während im „Stammraum des Fichtenhochwaldes“ selbst an heißen Sommertagen nahezu optimale Bedingungen herrschen. Zwischen diesen Extremen liegen die Ergebnisse für die anderen Meßplätze, wobei für „Straßenschlucht, nach Nord exponiert“ die Wärmebelastung etwas höher als für „Innenhof mit Bäumen“ ist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lehrstuhl für Bioklimatologie und Angewandte Meteorologie, Universität München, München, Federal Republic of Germany

    H. Mayer & P. Höppe

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  1. H. Mayer
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  2. P. Höppe
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Mayer, H., Höppe, P. Thermal comfort of man in different urban environments. Theor Appl Climatol 38, 43–49 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00866252

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  • Received: 16 July 1986

  • Revised: 03 November 1986

  • Issue Date: March 1987

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00866252

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Keywords

  • Heat Stress
  • Heat Load
  • Thermal Comfort
  • Street Canyon
  • Equivalent Temperature
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