According to this graphic, all 9 groups would consider a McDonalds cheeseburger to be a sandwich, even the "hardline traditionalists": "A sandwich must have a classic sandwich shape: two pieces of bread/baked product, with toppings in between; must have classic sandwich toppings: meat, cheese, lettuce, condiments, etc."
Clearly there's an entire missing dimension to the graphic, because it totally denies the existence of the Hamburger Irredentist Youth League to which OJFord belongs!
I don't think I'm saying anything contrary or unusual for UK. The top left three (structure and ingredients pure/neutral, but not both neutral /hotdog) as pictured I would consider sandwiches.
But I think temperature is a better indicator than ingredients: 'a sandwich' is not cooked (it's ingredients might be, like meat obviously, but then cooled) or hot.
Of course you can have a 'toasted sandwich', but the qualifier's important, it's basically a different thing that happens to share a word - if you ordered a 'cheese sandwich' and it came out toasted you'd be surprised.
Which makes a hotdog trivially not a sandwich, but you could slice up some sausages the next day and have them between slices of buttered bread for a 'sausage sandwich' (which likewise is not a term anyone would use for a hotdog!)
In the US, toasted and hot "sandwiches" are commonplace. At Subway (the fast-food franchise with the largest number of franchises) the process for making many of their "sandwiches" routinely involves toasting them during the preparation process, notably the sweet onion chicken teriyaki. Similarly, a "club sandwich" has obligatorily toasted bread, although it also includes cold ingredients, and a Philly cheesesteak sandwich is always hot, as is a French dip, any other kind of roast beef sandwich, or a grilled cheese sandwich.
I'm curious if these "foods" exist in the UK, and if so, what they're called!
When I passed 40 I started to get regular lower back muscle pain when sitting or standing for some time. I understand that hamstrings tend to shorten with age and pull on the back muscles, which can irritate the muscles and tendons there. Standard advice is to do hamstring streches. This is a form of torture as far as I'm concerned, I prefer lower back pain.
Somewhere I came across the idea that squatting could help. I started to squat instead of bending over or kneeling whenever I needed to gather up something or do some work at ground level, just a few seconds or minutes at a time. It took a few weeks before I could so comforably. The ankles and hips needed some time to adapt.
The lower back pain mostly went away over a few months. This was probably had the highest benefit to effort ratio of any health improvement project I've done.
If it hurts that much to stretch your hamstrings you're already very out of shape. You have other things to worry about as well. Pursue a fitness program, not just squatting.
This is an unfounded and unhelpful generalisation. I’m nothing close to what people would consider “very out of shape”. Yet hamstring stretches are something I definitely do not enjoy doing but force myself to do through necessity. They’re the first thing I’ll skip if motivation is waning precisely because of the discomfort. I find almost all other stretches to be at least someone endorphin producing and worth the stretch. Hamstrings are pure discomfort.
Squatting may have helped because a squat tends to stretch the hamstrings along with all the other muscles down there. It's both a nice stretch and a great exercise.
The ideas in Permutation City still bother me now and then (in a good way), 20 years after I read it. If you like idea- or philosophy-based hard SF, you can hardly do better I think.
edit: I did not pay enough attention, so what I wrote is wrong, see the comment below
In the survey you linked, it looks like 45.7% of the surveyed philosophers of mathematics endorse Platonism. That's a lot, but not "most", by any measure.
Everyone does stupid things sometimes. Maybe from tiredness, inattentiveness, excessive emotional influence, drugs, whatever. Maybe there's just a small chance at any point in time that a brain will malfunction slightly and direct a stupid action. Even intelligent people, who know intellectually that things that sound too god to be true usually aren't, and that greed can make you do dumb things, are not exempt from this.
By presenting themselves to zillions of people, these scammers ensure that they will catch at least some people who happen to not be thinking correctly at the moment. People who will fall for the scam, and then slap their foreheads 15 minutes later wondering what the hell they were thinking.
Wow, thank you, I've finally found a name for the rash I used to get on my hands. It showed up when I ate wheat several days in a row, when I played with Play-doh, and when I used latex dishwashing gloves. Took years to figure it out. I still have scarring because of it.
A second for this, and also one heckuvan engaging read if you like pure 'show, don't tell'. With a bit of software intuition, you'll probably pick up on the majority of what's going on, at least in the first book.
The second book runs truly wild - I have to give it a second reading sometime, because it really starts blurring some interesting lines.
