Prof. Raja Chakraborty
I work as a professor at Department of Anthropology and Tribal Studies, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University in Purulia, West Bengal. Before this, I was an Associate Professor of Anthropology at Dinabandhu Mahavidyalaya, Bongaon, West Bengal, India and taught there for 20 years. Previously, I served Indian Museum, Kolkata, as a Guide Lecturer for about 2 years preceded by one year Junior Research Fellowship in Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata. I did my PhD in Anthropology from Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, under the supervision of Professor Kaushik Bose.
Supervisors: Professor Kaushik Bose, Professor of Biological Anthropology at Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India. and Late Dr. Rebati Mohan Sarkar, Former Reader and Head of Department of Anthropology, Bangabasi College, Kolkata
Address: Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Supervisors: Professor Kaushik Bose, Professor of Biological Anthropology at Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India. and Late Dr. Rebati Mohan Sarkar, Former Reader and Head of Department of Anthropology, Bangabasi College, Kolkata
Address: Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Papers by Prof. Raja Chakraborty
(2D) to the fourth (4D) fingers, is a proxy indicator of prenatal androgen exposure. On average, males display lower 2D:4D than females. Previous studies have shown that lower 2D:4D ratios were associated with better sports and physical abilities.
Aim: To assess whether a challenge condition, imposed by intense exercise, could increase handgrip strength (HGS) associated with 2D:4D.
Methods: This cross-sectional experimental study included 90 healthy young Polish adults (40 males, 50 females). They underwent intense physical exercise, before (7 days) and after which they were measured for HGS and 2D:4D. Height and weight were also measured. Analyses of Covariance were employed to delineate associations.
Results: 2D:4D had significant predictive effects on the differences in HGS
(DHGS) measured in two occasions, without and after, physical exercises. The lower was the 2D:4D, the higher the DHGS, particularly, for the left hand.
Conclusion: The results reconfirmed that the link between prenatal testosterone exposure (indicated by 2D:4D) and physical strength depends on the context, such as a challenged condition.
hand (2D:4D) is a proxy marker of the relative testosterone and estrogen concentration during a relatively narrow period of fetal development that might affect behavioral and personality characteristics.
Aim: To estimate the differences in 2D:4D between different religious groups among a sample of young adult males in Mongolia.
Methods: Two hundred and sixty-five Mongolian male students with mean
age of 20.5 (SD = 1.7) years from different universities in Ulan Bator, were
included in the study. Information on age, religious affiliation, marital status and parental education were obtained directly from each study participant. Digit lengths were measured from scanned images by using the ImageJ software 1.53 K. One-way analysis of variance was employed to evaluate whether they were significant differences in 2D:4D ratio between groups, along with Scheffe's post hoc comparison.
Results: Study participants significantly differed in 2D:4D across religion. Left 2D:4D, but not the right, showed a significant difference between religions, with Muslims exhibiting the highest 2D:4D mean and the lowest DRL.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that the 2D:4D ratio is related to the participants' religion. However, the distinctiveness of the Muslim students from study participants belonging to other religious groups in this study could also be related to ethnic differences, given that the students were Kazakhs. This is, to our knowledge, the only study looking at the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and religious affiliation and, thus, further research is needed to confirm its results.
(high; 2D>4D) digit ratio are manifestations of increased prenatal testosterone and oestrogen exposure, respectively. Furthermore, digit ratio (2D:4D) values are widely used to predict reproductive capacity and success, fertility measures, natural menopause, and age at menarche, which varies between populations. The current review paper attempted to discuss sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D ratios, as well as its potential association and utility in evaluating certain reproductive characteristics and behavioural traits in populations. Methodological comparisons, benefits and drawbacks of determining the 2D:4D for studying the effect of prenatal sex steroids are also highlighted.
(2D) to the fourth (4D) fingers, is a proxy indicator of prenatal androgen exposure. On average, males display lower 2D:4D than females. Previous studies have shown that lower 2D:4D ratios were associated with better sports and physical abilities.
Aim: To assess whether a challenge condition, imposed by intense exercise, could increase handgrip strength (HGS) associated with 2D:4D.
Methods: This cross-sectional experimental study included 90 healthy young Polish adults (40 males, 50 females). They underwent intense physical exercise, before (7 days) and after which they were measured for HGS and 2D:4D. Height and weight were also measured. Analyses of Covariance were employed to delineate associations.
Results: 2D:4D had significant predictive effects on the differences in HGS
(DHGS) measured in two occasions, without and after, physical exercises. The lower was the 2D:4D, the higher the DHGS, particularly, for the left hand.
Conclusion: The results reconfirmed that the link between prenatal testosterone exposure (indicated by 2D:4D) and physical strength depends on the context, such as a challenged condition.
hand (2D:4D) is a proxy marker of the relative testosterone and estrogen concentration during a relatively narrow period of fetal development that might affect behavioral and personality characteristics.
Aim: To estimate the differences in 2D:4D between different religious groups among a sample of young adult males in Mongolia.
Methods: Two hundred and sixty-five Mongolian male students with mean
age of 20.5 (SD = 1.7) years from different universities in Ulan Bator, were
included in the study. Information on age, religious affiliation, marital status and parental education were obtained directly from each study participant. Digit lengths were measured from scanned images by using the ImageJ software 1.53 K. One-way analysis of variance was employed to evaluate whether they were significant differences in 2D:4D ratio between groups, along with Scheffe's post hoc comparison.
Results: Study participants significantly differed in 2D:4D across religion. Left 2D:4D, but not the right, showed a significant difference between religions, with Muslims exhibiting the highest 2D:4D mean and the lowest DRL.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that the 2D:4D ratio is related to the participants' religion. However, the distinctiveness of the Muslim students from study participants belonging to other religious groups in this study could also be related to ethnic differences, given that the students were Kazakhs. This is, to our knowledge, the only study looking at the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and religious affiliation and, thus, further research is needed to confirm its results.
(high; 2D>4D) digit ratio are manifestations of increased prenatal testosterone and oestrogen exposure, respectively. Furthermore, digit ratio (2D:4D) values are widely used to predict reproductive capacity and success, fertility measures, natural menopause, and age at menarche, which varies between populations. The current review paper attempted to discuss sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D ratios, as well as its potential association and utility in evaluating certain reproductive characteristics and behavioural traits in populations. Methodological comparisons, benefits and drawbacks of determining the 2D:4D for studying the effect of prenatal sex steroids are also highlighted.
This book will be useful for researchers dealing with biological implications of human mobility. It may be of particular interest to human biologists, biological anthropologists, epidemiologists, demographers, economists and other researchers dealing with biological implications of human mobility. (Imprint: Nova Biomedical).