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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Seminole Indians (search)
Seminole Indians A tribe of Florida Indians, made up of two bands of the Creeks, who withdrew from the main body in 1750, and remnants of tribes who had come in contact with the Spaniards. The Seminoles were hostile to the Americans during the Revolutionary War and afterwards. The Creeks claimed them as a part of their nation, and included them in a treaty with the United States in 1790; but the Seminoles repudiated it and made war upon the Americans, and affiliated with the Spaniards in 1793. They were also enemies of the United States in the War of 1812, when they were under Spanish rule. At that time they were divided into seven clans, and were rich in live-stock and negro slaves. The Creek War led to trouble between the Seminoles and the Georgians, and in 1817 they began hostilities. Towards the close of that year a motley host, composed chiefly of Seminoles and runaway negroes, began murderous depredations upon the frontier settlements of Georgia and Alabama. Gen. E
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Shirley, William 1693- (search)
Shirley, William 1693- Colonial governor; born in Sussex, England, in 1693; was educated for the law; came to Boston in 1734, where he practised his profession. At the time he was appointed governor (1741) he was a commissioner for the settlement of the boundary between Massachusetts and Rhode Island. As governor he was superior to his contemporaries in the same office in America. He planned the expedition against Louisburg in 1745; and was appointed one of the commissioners at Paris (1750) for settling the limits of Acadia, or Nova Scotia, and other controverted rights of the English William Shirley. and French in America. In 1754 he made a treaty with the Eastern Indians and explored the Kennebec, erecting some forts upon its banks. In 1755 he was appointed commander-in-chief of the British forces in North America. The expedition against Fort Niagara was planned by him, and led as far as Oswego. In 1759 he was commissioned a lieutenant-general. He was governor of one o
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Slavery. (search)
threatened and persecuted. Under great pressure, the trustees yielded, and slavery was introduced on the condition that all masters should be obliged to compel the negroes to attend, at some time on the Lord's day, for instruction in the Christian religion. In 1752 the charter was A slave auction in New Orleans. surrendered to the crown, the colony had all the privileges accorded to others, and flourished. To completely enslave the English- American colonies, the British Parliament, in 1750, gave liberty to trade in negroes, as slaves, to and from any part of Africa between Sallee, in South Barbary, and the Cape of Good Hope, to all the subjects of the King of England. This was designed to fill the colonies with slaves, who should neither trouble Great Britain with fears of encouraging political independence nor compete with their industry with British workshops; neither would they leave their employers the entire security that might enable them to prepare a revolt. James So
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Smith, William 1727-1803 (search)
Smith, William 1727-1803 Clergyman; born in Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1727; graduated at the University of Aberdeen in 1747; emigrated to America in 1750; and, accepting an invitation to take charge of the College of Philadelphia, he went to England to receive ordination as a minister in the Protestant Episcopal Church. He was placed at the head of the college in 1754. He was its founder and first provost. It was the origin of the present University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Smith was distinguished for his patriotism and oratory. At the request of Congress he pronounced orations on the deaths of General Montgomery and Dr. Franklin, and these are considered masterpieces of English composition. He was the author of several works, religious, moral, philosophical, and historical, including Brief account of the province of Pennsylvania; and Bouquet's expedition against the Western Indians. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., May 14, 1803. Jurist; born in New York City, June 25, 1728;
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Stephens, William 1671-1753 (search)
Stephens, William 1671-1753 Educator; born in the Isle of Wight, England, Jan. 28, 1671; educated at Cambridge University; studied law and held a seat in Parliament; went to South Carolina to survey a barony of land in 1730; became secretary of the trustees in 1737; appointed president of Savannah county, Ga., in 1741, and of the whole colony two years later. He held the latter office till his health broke, in 1750. He was the author of A journal of the proceedings in Georgia, beginning Oct. 20, 1737 (3 volumes). He died in Georgia in August, 1753.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Teedyuscung, (search)
Teedyuscung, Chief of the Delaware Indians; born near Trenton, N. J., about 1700; removed to the forks of the Delaware in 1730; received Christian baptism and the name Gideon from Bishop Cammerhoff, a Moravian missionary, in 1750. He deserted the Moravians in 1754, and led the Delawares and their allies who resided within the walking purchase (q. v.), Wyoming Valley. In November, 1757, a treaty of pacification was concluded with Teedyuscung at Easton, Pa., and in the following year a town was laid out in Wyoming Valley for him and his tribe. His house was set afire by an enemy while he was asleep, and he was burned to death, April 16, 1763.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Tingey, Thomas 1750-1829 (search)
Tingey, Thomas 1750-1829 Naval officer; born in London, England, Sept. 11, 1750; served in the British navy; came to America before the Revolutionary War, and became an East India trader. He was appointed captain in the Continental navy in 1798; commanded the Ganges in 1799, and captured many French vessels. He was in the naval service fifty years, twenty-eight of which he was in command of the navy-yard at Washington. He died in Washington, D. C., Feb. 23, 1829.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Todd, John 1750- (search)
Todd, John 1750- Military officer; born in Montgomery county, Pa., in 1750; was adjutant-general to Gen. Andrew Lewis in the action of Point Pleasant, Va., in 1774; accompanied Daniel Boone (q. v.) on an exploring tour as far as Bowling Green, Ky., in 1775; settled near Lexington, Ky., in 1776; represented Kentucky county in the Virginia legislature in the same year; was commissioned colonel in 1777; for two years was commandant of the civil government of that county, which subsequently was1750; was adjutant-general to Gen. Andrew Lewis in the action of Point Pleasant, Va., in 1774; accompanied Daniel Boone (q. v.) on an exploring tour as far as Bowling Green, Ky., in 1775; settled near Lexington, Ky., in 1776; represented Kentucky county in the Virginia legislature in the same year; was commissioned colonel in 1777; for two years was commandant of the civil government of that county, which subsequently was made the State of Illinois. He was killed while leading his forces against the Indians at the Blue Licks, Ky., Aug. 19, 1782.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Trumbull, John 1750-1843 (search)
Trumbull, John 1750-1843 Poet; born in Westbury (since Watertown), Conn., April 24, 1750; graduated at Yale College in 1767, having been admitted to the college at the age of seven years, such was his precocity in acquiring learning; but he did not reside there until 1763, on account of delicate health. In 1773 he was admitted to the bar, having been two years a tutor in Yale College. During that time he wrote his first considerable poem, The progress of dulness. He was a warm and active patriot. In 1775 the first canto of his famous poem, McFingal, was published in Philadelphia. The whole work, in four cantos, was published in Hartford in 1782. It is a burlesque epic, in the style of Hudibras, directed against the Tories and other enemies of liberty in America. This famous poem has passed through many editions. After the war, Trumbull, with Humphreys, Barlow, and Lemuel Hopkins, wrote a series of poetic essays entitled American antiquities, pretended extracts from a poe
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), South Carolina, (search)
formed by Irish settlers......1734 Boundary-line between North and South Carolina partly established......1738 Negro insurrection at Stono suppressed, and its leader, Cato, and principals hanged Fire consumes nearly one half of Charleston......Nov. 18, 1740 Ship-building begun; five ship-yards established; four in the vicinity of Charleston, and one at Beaufort......1740 Colonel Clark, with emigrants from Virginia and Pennsylvania, settles on the Pacolet and Tyger rivers......1750-55 Cotton in small quantities exported......1754 Mrs. Pinckney, who ten years previously cultivated the first indigo, manufactures near Charleston silk for, three dress patterns; one she presents to the princess-dowager of Wales, one to Lord Chesterfield, and one to her daughter......1755 Governor Glen erects Fort Prince George on the Savannah about 300 miles from Charleston......1755 Patrick Calhoun and four families settle in Abbeville district......1756 Treaty of peace concl