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George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10, Chapter 3: (search)
nspach and Hesse to pass through his dominions. The prohibition, which was made as publicly as possible, and just as the news arrived of the surrender of Burgoyne, resounded throughout Europe; and he announced to the Americans that it was given to testify his goodwill for them. Schulenburg to Wm. Lee, 3 Feb., 1778. Every facility was afforded to the Chap. III.} 1777. American commissioners to purchase and ship arms from Prussia. Before the end of 1777 he promised not to be the last to recognise the independence of the United States; Schulenburg to Arthur Lee, 18 Dec., 1777. and in January, 1778, his minis- 1778. Jan. ter, Schulenburg, wrote officially to one of their commissioners in Paris: The king desires that your generous efforts may be crowned with complete success. He will not hesitate to recognise your independence, when France, which is more directly interested in the event of this contest, shall have given the example. Schulenburg to Arthur Lee, 16 Jan., 1778.
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10, Chapter 4: (search)
congress was the general voice of the people. The convention of Saratoga had been broken by the British at the time of the surrender by the concealment of the public chest and other public property of which the United States were thus defrauded. In November, 1777, Burgoyne had written a rash and groundless complaint of its violation by the Americans, and raised the implication that he might use the pretended breach to disengage himself and his government from all its obligations. In January, 1778, congress suspended the embarkation of his army until his capitulation should be expressly confirmed by the court of Great Britain. Congress had also made a demand for lists of all persons comprehended in the surrender; and a compliance with this very proper and even necessary requisition had been refused. The commissioners now desired to intervene and negotiate for leave for the captives to return to Europe. But their powers under their appointment reached the case only by constructi
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10, Chapter 5: (search)
the votes of parliament. In February, 1774, the house of commons, in a moment of unrestrained passion; adopted measures for enforcing the traditional absolutism of parliament by majorities of three to one: corresponding majorities in February, 1778, reversed its judgment, repealed the punitive acts, and conceded every thing which the colonies Chap. V.} 1778. had demanded. There was a general cry for peace. Edward Gibbon to J. Holroyd, 2 Dec., 1777, and 4 Dec., 1777. The king, in January, 1778, confessed to Lord North: The time may come when it will be wise to abandon all North America but Canada, Nova Scotia, and the Floridas; but then the generality of the nation must see it first in that light. Donne, II. 118. Lord Rockingham was convinced himself and desired to convince the public of the impossibility of going on with the war. Chat. Cor., IV. 488. Donne, II. 123. On the second of February, Fox spoke against its continuance, went over the whole of the American busine
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10, Chapter 11: (search)
he same terms as the merchants of all other countries. Meantime the British ministry, abandoning the scheme of destroying Prussian influence at Petersburg, sought rather to propitiate Frederic, as the best means of gaining favor in Russia; and authorized its minister at Berlin to propose an alliance. But Frederic saw that the influence which had ruled England in 1762 was still paramount, and that the offers of friendship were insincere. I have no wish to dissemble, so he answered in January, 1778; whatever pains may be taken, I will never lend myself to an alliance with England. I am not like so many German princes, to be gained by money. My unalterable principle is, not to contract relations with a power which, like England in the last war, has once deceived me so unworthily. Frederic to Maltzan, 20 Jan., 1778; Elliot to Suffolk, 22 Feb., 1778, and Ibid., private and secret, of same date. Nevertheless the British cabinet persisted in seeking aid from Russia and the frie
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10, Chapter 12: (search)
like his ancestors, devoted to England. The grand pensionary, van Bleiswijck, had been the selection of Prince Louis. He was a weak politician, and inclined to England, but never meant to betray his country. Thus all the principal executive officers were attached to Great Britain; Prince Louis and the secretary Fagel as obsequious vassals. France had a controlling influence in no one of the provinces; but in the city of Amsterdam, van Berckel, its pensionary, was her friend. In January, 1778, Jan. before her rupture with England, the French ambassador at the Hague was instructed to suggest a convention between the states-general, France, and Spain, for liberty of navigation. As the proposal was put aside by the grand pensionary, Vergennes asked no more than that the Netherlands in the coming contest would announce to the court of London their neutrality, and support it without concessions. The treaties of alliance with England promised it no support in an aggressive war,