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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Democratic party. (search)
en followed the Democratic administration of Polk, succeeded (1849-53) by another Whig administration. Pierce and Buchanan were the last Presidents elected by the party for a long period. In the general confusion caused by the increasing prominence of slavery the Democrats at first profited, while the Whigs disappeared. In the Civil War many war Democrats acted temporarily with the Republicans. McClellan, though defeated, received a large popular vote in 1864. Seymour in 1868, Greeley in 1872 were defeated. In 1876 the Democrats came near success (see electoral commission; Hayes, Rutherford Birchard; Tilden, Samuel Jones). The House was now frequently Democratic, but the Presidency was again taken by their competitors in 1880. In 1884 they succeeded in a close campaign. The two wings of the party, revenue reform and protectionist, long refused to work together. Under the leadership of Morrison, Carlisle, and Cleveland, tariff reform became the dominating issue. Defeated in 18
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), De Smet, Peter John, 1801-1872 (search)
De Smet, Peter John, 1801-1872 Missionary; born in Termonde, Belgium, Dec. 31, 1801 studied in the Episcopal seminary of Mechlin. With five other students he sailed from Amsterdam in 1821 for the United States, and entered the Jesuit school at Whitemarsh, Md. In 1828 he went to St. Louis and aided in founding the University of St. Louis, where he later became a professor. In 1838 lie founded a mission among the Pottawattomie Indians on Sugar Creek. In July, 1840, he went to the Peter Valley in the Rocky Mountains, where he met about 1,600 Flathead Indians, whom he found easy to convert, as they had retained much of the influence of the teaching given them two centuries before by the French missionaries. By the help of an interpreter he translated the Commandments, the Lord's Prayer, and the Creed into their language, and these within two weeks time the Flatheads learned. During his journey back to St. Louis he was several times surrounded by the Blackfeet Indians, who, when t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Dewey, George, 1837- (search)
attack on Fort St. Philip and the subsequent battles with gunboats and ironclads which gave Farragut control of New Orleans. In the smoke of the battle the Mississippi ran aground within range of the shore batteries. When it was seen Admiral George Dewey. Birthplace of Admiral Dewey. that the ship could not be saved, the officers and men set her afire and escaped in the boats. Later, Dewey served in the North Atlantic blockading squadron, and still later with the European squadron. In 1872 he was promoted to commander; in 1884 to captain; and in 1896 to commodore. He was appointed to command the Asiatic squadron in January, 1898, an assignment then considered but little short of exile. About March of the same year, when it became evident that war would be declared between the United States and Spain, Commodore Dewey, acting on orders from Washington, began to mobilize his vessels in the harbor of Hong-Kong. After the declaration of war he received orders to capture or destr
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Dix, John Adams, 1798-1879 (search)
Dr. Dix, No. 27 West Twenty-fifth street, New York. It was photographed in 1863 or 1864, and you, no doubt, have the facsimile thus made. Very truly yours, John A. Dix. General Dix was appointed major-general of volunteers May 16, 1861; commander at Baltimore, and then at Fort Monroe and on the Virginia peninsula; and in September, 1862, he was placed in command of the 7th Army Corps. He was also chosen president of the Pacific Railway Company. In 1866 he was appointed minister to France, which post he filled until 1869. He was elected governor of the State of New York in 1872, and retired to private life at the end of the term of two years, at which time he performed rare service for the good name of the State of New York. General Dix was a fine classical scholar, and translated several passages from Catullus, Virgil, and others into polished English verse. He made a most conscientious and beautiful translation of the Dies Irae;. He died in New York City, April 21, 1879.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Electricity in the nineteenth century. (search)
simply reversed; electric energy delivered from the lines becomes again mechanical motion or power. The decade between 1860 and 1870 opened a new era in the construction and working of dynamo machines and motors. Gramme, in 1870, first succeeded in producing a highly efficient, compact, and durable continuous-current dynamo. It was in a sense the culmination of many years of development, beginning with the early attempts immediately following Faraday's discovery, already referred to. In 1872 Von Hefner Alteneck, in Berlin, modified the ring winding of Gramme and produced the drum winding, which avoided the necessity for threading wire through the centre of the iron ring as in the Gramme construction. At the Centennial Exhibition, held at Philadelphia in 1876, but two exhibits of electric-lighting apparatus were to be found. Of these one was the Gramme and the other the Wallace-Farmer exhibit. The Wallace exhibit contained other examples reflecting great credit on this Americ
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Emmons, George Foster, 1811-1884 (search)
Emmons, George Foster, 1811-1884 Naval officer; born in Clarendon, Vt., Aug. 23, 1811; entered the navy in 1828; took part in several engagements during the Mexican War; served through the Civil War, and in 1866 commanded the Ossipee, which carried the United States commissioners to Alaska for the purpose of hoisting the American flag over that region. He was promoted rear-admiral in 1872; retired in 1873; author of The Navy of the United States from 1775 to 1853. He died in Princeton, N. J., July 2, 1884.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Florida, (search)
itorial governors. NameTerm. Andrew Jackson1821 to 1822 William P. Duval1822 to 1834 John H. Eaton1834 to 1836 Richard K. Call1836 to 1839 Robert R. Reid1839 to 1841 Richard K. Call1841 to 1844 John Branch1844 to 1845 State governors. NameTerm. William D. Moseley1845 to 1849 Thomas Brown1849 to 1853 James E. Broome1853 to 1857 Madison S. Perry1857 to 1861 John Milton1861 to 1865 William Marvin1865 to 1866 David S. Walker1866 to 1868 Harrison Reed1868 to 1872 Ossian B. Hart1872 to 1874 Marcellus L. Stearns1874 to 1877 George F. Drew1877 to 1881 William D. Bloxham1881 to 1885 Edward A. Perry1885 to 1889 Francis P. Fleming1889 to 1893 Henry L. Mitchell1893 to 1897 William D. Bloxham1897 to 1901 William S. Jennings1901 to — United States Senators. NameNo. of CongressDate. James D. Westcott, Jr29th to 30th1845 to 1849 David L. Yulee29th to 31st1845 to 1851 Jackson Morton31st to 33d1849 to 1855 Stephen R. Mallory32d to 36th1851 to 1861 David L. Yulee34t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Forrest, Edwin 1806-1872 (search)
Forrest, Edwin 1806-1872 Actor; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 9, 1806. While still a boy he began performing female and juvenile parts, being especially remembered as Young Norval in Home's play of Douglas. His first appearance on the professional stage was on Nov. 27, 1820, at the Walnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, in the title role of Douglas. After a long professional tour in the West, during which he undertook several Shakespearian characters, he filled engagements in Albany and Philadelphia, and then appeared as Othello at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1826. He met with remarkable success, owing to his superb form and presence and his natural genius. Not being satisfied with merely local fame, he played in all the large cities in the United States. His chief characters were Othello, Macbeth, Hamlet, Richard III., Metamora and Spartacus, the last of which he made exceedingly effective by his immense energy. In 1835 he went to England and the Continent, and played
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gage, Matilda Joslyn 1826-1898 (search)
Gage, Matilda Joslyn 1826-1898 Social reformer; born in Cicero, N. Y., March 24, 1826; was an active writer and speaker on behalf of woman's suffrage and the abolition of slavery. In 1872 she was elected president of the National Woman's Suffrage Association. In connection with Susan B. Anthony (q. v.) and Elizabeth Cady Stanton (q. v.) she wrote The history of woman suffrage, and independently Woman as an inventor. She died in Chicago, Ill., March 18, 1898.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gaillardet, Theodore Frederic 1808-1882 (search)
Gaillardet, Theodore Frederic 1808-1882 Journalist; born in Auxerre, France, April 7, 1808; emigrated to the United States and established the Courrier des États-unis in New York; took part in the Presidential canvass of 1872 on behalf of Horace Greeley. He is the author of Profession de foi et considerations sur le systeme republicain des Etats-Unis, and of a large number of communications on American subjects which appeared in the leading French newspapers. He died in Plessy-Bouchard, France, Aug. 12, 1882
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