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that, in the 1673. land of the Chickasas, the Indians have guns. Near the latitude of 33 degrees, on the western bank of the Mississippi, stood the village of Mitchigamea, in a region that had not been visited by Europeans since the days of De Soto. Now, thought Marquette, we must, indeed, ask the aid of the Virgin. Armed with bows and arrows, with clubs, axes, and bucklers, amidst continual whoops, the natives, bent on war, embark in vast canoes made out of the trunks of hollow trees; b the brilliant career of discov- Hennepin, Nouveau Voyage 2. eries opened in the west. In the solitudes of Upper Canada, the secluded adventurer had inflamed his imagination by reading the voyages of Columbus, and the history of the rambles of De Soto; and the Iroquois had, moreover, described the course of the Ohio. Thus the young enthusiast framed plans of colonization in the south-west, and of commerce between Europe and the Mississippi. Once more he repaired to France; and from the poli
sions of Franciscan priests. The traders of Carolina beheld with alarm the continuous line of Chap. XXI.} communication from St. Augustine to the incipient settlements in Louisiana; and, in the last weeks of 1705, a company of fifty volunteers, under the command Marsten, in Hawks' Mss. i. 29. of Moore, and assisted by a thousand savage allies, roamed through the woods by the trading path across Carroll's Coll. II. 574 and 352. the Ocmulgee, descended through the regions whicl none but De Soto had invaded, and came upon the In- Charlevoix, III. 473. dian towns near the port of St. Mark's. There seems Roberts' Florida, 14, 15. no reason to doubt that the inhabitants spoke a dialect Mills, 223. of the language of the Muskhogees. They had already Hewatt. learned the use of horses and of beeves, which multi- Ramsay. plied without care in their groves. At sunrise, on the fourteenth of December, the bold adventurers reached Dec. 14. the strong place of Ayavalla. Beaten back fr
of her fathers. In the flashes of the northern lights, men believed they saw the dance of the dead. But the south-west is the Tanner, 322. great subject of traditions. There is the court of the Great God; there is the paradise where beans and maize grow spontaneously; there are the shades of R. Williams, 21. the forefathers of the red men. This form of faith in immortality had also its crimes. It is related that the chief within whose Portuguese Relation c. XXX. Relation territory De Soto died, selected two young and wellproportioned Indians to be put to death, saying the usage of the country was, when any lord died, to kill Indians to wait on him and serve him by the way. Traces of an analogous superstition may be found among Algonquin tribes, and among the Sioux; the Tales of the Northwest, 282. Winnebagoes are said to have observed the usage within the memory of persons now living; it is af- Lett. Ed. IV. Du Pratz. firmed, also, of the Natchez, and doubtless with truth
of their ships had sailed up the river, blindly continued to disembark on the miserable coast; and, even in 1721, Bienville himself a second time established the head quarters of Louisiana at Biloxi. Meantime, Alberoni, the active minister of Spain, Chap. XXIII.} having, contrary to the interests of France and of Spain, involved the two countries in a war, De Serigny 1719. arrived in February of 1719, with orders to take possession of Pensacola. This is the bay called, in the days of De Soto, Anchusi, afterwards Saint Mary, and 1558. 1693. Saint Mary of Galve. In 1696, Don Andres de Arriola had built upon its margin a fort, a church, and a few houses, in a place without commerce or agriculture, or productive labor of any kind. By the capture of the fort, which, after five hours resistance, surrendered, the French hoped to extend their power along 1719. May 14. the Gulf of Mexico from the Rio del Norte to the Atlantic. But within forty days the Spaniards recovered June 29.
Increase, II. 434; III. 71, 83, 89, 375. Mayhew, II. 97. Melendez, I. 66. Mermet, Father, III. 198. Mesnard, Father Rene, III. 144. Lost among the Chippewas, 147. Miamis, III. 240. Miantonomoh, I. 361, 423, 424. Michigan visited by Jesuits, III. 128, 152, 155. French in, 194. Micmacs, III. 237. Milborne, III. 52. Executed, 54. Miller, governor of Carolina, II. 156. Miruelo Diego, I. 34. Mississippi company, III. 350, 354. Mississippi River discovered, I. 51; III. 157. Mississippi State, Soto in, I. 51. French settlement, III. 201, 349. Events in, 366. Missouri visited by De Soto I. 52. The French, III. 159. Mobile, Soto at, I. 48. Settled, III. 205, 206. Mobilian language, III. 249. Mohawks, II. 417. Mohegans, I. 423. Monk, Duke of Albemarle, II. 28. Montreal, I. 21: III. 127, 179. Moravians, III. 423. Morris, III. 454. Muskhogees, III. 250. Relations with Georgia, 420, 434. Muskhogee-Chocta, III. 249.