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June 15th (search for this): chapter 2
l in hand. While awaiting an attack, his foe was accumulating force on his front and flank, and on the evening of the 14th, after some skirmishing, the Confederates substantially invested the city and garrison. At one o'clock the next morning June 15. Milroy, in compliance with the decision of a council of officers, resolved to retreat. He spiked his cannon, drowned his powder, and was about to fly, when the Confederates fell upon him. Then began an unequal struggle, and an equal race, towaeatening its political and commercial capital with seizure and plunder, was now the burning commentary of events on the wisdom and patriotism of Governor Curtin, and the folly of disregarding his timely warnings and appeals. So early as the 15th of June, the Governor, through the newspapers and by placards headed with the words, in large letters, Pennsylvania in danger!--citizens called to arms! informed the inhabitants of the peril that threatened them, and said, Unless our people respond p
June 9th (search for this): chapter 2
doah Valley, he called Howe across the river, and on the day when Milroy was driven from Winchester, June 15, 1863. he moved rapidly northward, with his whole force, to Centreville and its vicinity, keeping his cavalry well to his left to watch the passes of the Blue Ridge, while intent, himself, upon covering Washington. The National authorities, as well as those of Maryland and Pennsylvania, had, meanwhile, become thoroughly aroused by a sense of danger. The Government had just created June 9. two new military departments in Pennsylvania. The eastern, under General Couch, was called the Department of the Susquehanna, with Headquarters at Harrisburg; and the western, under General Brooks, the Department of the Monongahela, with Headquarters at Pittsburg. The Middle Department was under the command of General Schenck, Headquarters at Baltimore. On the 12th, Governor Curtin, of that State, issued a call for the entire militia of the commonwealth to turn out to defend its soil, b
December 5th, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 2
as returned in full measure by the foe, whose bullets killed and wounded many of the fifty-sixth. So the battle of Gettysburg was begun.--see letter of General Cutler to the Governor of Pennsylvania, November 5, 1863. the regimental flag of the fifty-sixth Pennsylvania, bearing the disk badge of the First Army Corps, of red color, with seven holes in it, as evidences of the strife in which it was engaged, was presented to the loyal League of Philadelphia, by Colonel Hoffman, on the 5th of December, 1863. in their house it is preserved as a precious memento of the gallantry of one of the most noted of the regiments of Pennsylvania. Under the leadership of Colonel (afterward General) Hoffman, it became perfect in discipline, and ever ready for daring service. In Pope's Army of Virginia, at Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Grant's campaigns in 1864, it was always conspicuous. So much was the commander loved and honored by the officers and men of his regim
July 3rd, 1862 AD (search for this): chapter 2
1862 the British and Spanish troops left Mexico and returned home. The real designs of Louis Napoleon were now made apparent. His political design was to arrest the march of empire southward on the part of the United States. His religious design was to assist the Church party in Mexico, which had been defeated in 1857, in a recovery of its power, that the Roman Catholic Church might. have undisputed sway in Central America. In a letter to General Prim, the Spanish commander, dated July 3, 1862, the Emperor, after saying that the United States fed the factories of Europe with cotton, and asserting that it was not the interest of European Governments to have it hold dominion over the Gulf of Mexico, the Antilles, and the adjacent continent, he declared that if, with the assistance of France, Mexico should have a stable Government, that is, a monarchy, we, shall have restored to the Latin race upon the opposite side of the ocean its strength and its prestige; we shall have guarant
June 28th, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 2
use the garrison at Harper's Ferry, according to the dictates of his own judgment. In fact the Army was placed under Meade's absolute control, with the assurance of the President that no exercise of executive authority or powers of the Constitution should interfere with his operations in the great emergency. With these extraordinary powers and responsibilities, General Meade prepared to meet General Lee in battle. George G. Meade. on the day when Meade assumed the chief command, June 28, 1863. Lee, who was about to cross the Susquehanna at Harrisburg, and march on Philadelphia, was alarmed by intelligence of the presence of the Army of the Potomac, in augmented force, threatening his flank and rear, and the demonstrations on his front of the gathering yeomanry of Pennsylvania and troops from other States. He instantly abandoned his scheme of further invasion, and ordered a retrograde movement. Stuart on the same day crossed the Potomac at Seneca, with a large force of his c
June 5th (search for this): chapter 2
the garrison at Harper's Ferry, under General French, withdrew to Maryland Heights. The Shenandoah Valley was now clear of all obstacles to the march of the invading army. Hooker, in the mean time, had been kept in the vicinity of the Rappahannock, partly by uncertainty concerning Lee's movements, and chiefly by directions from Washington; Hooker had been instructed by Halleck (January 31) to keep in view always the importance of covering Washington City and Harper's Ferry. On the 5th of June, when he expected a movement of General Lee toward the Potomac, he suggested, in a letter to the President, that in case he should do so, leaving (as he actually did) his rear resting on Fredericksburg, that it would be his duty to pitch into that rear, and desiring to know whether such an act would come within the spirit of his instructions. The President and General Halleck both disapproved the movement hinted at in the suggestion, and so, when Hooker found that Lee had stretched his a
June 27th, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 2
f June 26. (Halleck), is there any reason why Maryland Heights should not be abandoned after the public stores and property are removed? Halleck did not approve of the abandonment of the post, and said so, when Hooker, who had the following day personally inspected French's position, again urged the abandonment of it, saying, the garrison was of no earthly account then, and that the stores were only a bait for the rebels, should they return. Hooker's telegraphic dispatch to Halleck, June 27, 1863. expecting a compliance with his wishes, he advanced his Army to Frederick, in a position to dart through the South Mountain passes, upon Lee's line of communications, or upon his columns in retreat, or to follow him on a parallel line toward the Susquehanna. For this purpose he had ordered General Slocum to march his corps to Harper's Ferry to join General French, that their united forces might push up the Cumberland Valley and threaten Lee's rear. but Halleck would not consent to t
June 15th, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 2
hannock, and forcing his way between Hill and Longstreet, at Culpepper. but the moment he was informed of the presence of Ewell in the Shenandoah Valley, he called Howe across the river, and on the day when Milroy was driven from Winchester, June 15, 1863. he moved rapidly northward, with his whole force, to Centreville and its vicinity, keeping his cavalry well to his left to watch the passes of the Blue Ridge, while intent, himself, upon covering Washington. The National authorities, as wel In that encounter the Confederate cavalry was charged by Kilpatrick's brigade (First Maine, First Massachusetts, and a battalion of the Fourth New York), and driven back to Ashby's Gap, whence they had emerged. Two days earlier than this, June 15, 1863. when Milroy's flying troops were crossing the Potomac at Hancock, a brigade of Confederate cavalry, fifteen hundred in number, under General Jenkins, detached from Ewell's corps, had dashed across the river at Williamsport, in pursuit of Mil
September 23rd, 1863 AD (search for this): chapter 2
itish ministry, restrained by the good Queen, steadily refused to take decided action in the matter. Only the Pope of Rome, of all the rulers of the earth, acting as a temporal prince, officially recognized Jefferson Davis as the head of a real Government. In the autumn of 1862, Pope Pius the Ninth addressed a letter to the Archbishops of New York and New Orleans, enjoining them to employ their prayers and influence for the restoration of peace. These were published, and on the 23d of September, 1863, Jefferson Davis, in his official capacity, addressed a letter to The Most Venerable Chief of the Holy See, and Sovereign Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church, thanking him, in his own name and that of the Confederate States, for his Christian charity and love, declaring that they then were and ever had been earnestly desirous that the wicked war should cease. To this the Pope replied on the 3d of December, in a letter To the Illustrious and Honorable Jefferson Davis, President of t
November, 1862 AD (search for this): chapter 2
tes, in their attempt to effect a disruption of the American commonwealth, and to establish an independent power, having, as they declare, slavery for its corner-stone. I am one of those who are convinced that, in doing so, she would commit a great folly and a still greater crime, the consequences of which would, in the end, fall on her own head. But the British Government wisely hesitated; and notwithstanding leaders of the Peace Faction in the city of New York had, six months before, Nov., 1862. waited upon Lord Lyons, the British minister at Washington, with an evident desire to have his government interfere in our affairs, and thus secure the independence of the Confederates, In the darkest hour of the war for the life of the Republic, when the loyal people of the country were despondent because of reverses suffered by their armies In the field during the summer and autumn of 1862, Lord Lyons, on his arrival in New York from a visit to England, found, he says, the Conservati
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