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Warrenton (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 9
tiative, Hooker was fain to fall back on the interior line towards Washington, taking positions defensive as regards the capital, and which would enable him to await the development of Lee's designs. Upon learning the movement of the enemy into the Shenandoah Valley, Hooker, on the 13th, broke up his camps along the Rappahannock, and moved rapidly on the direct route towards Washington, following and covering the line of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad. The first move was to Bealton, Warrenton, and Catlett's Station, on the 13th and 14th; next to Fairfax Station and Manassas, on the 15th and 16th. Here he remained several days, while awaiting the disclosure of a series of movements which Lee was then making, and to the exposition of which I now return. When on the 13th Hill, holding the lines of Fredericksburg, saw the Union army disappear behind the Stafford hills, he knew that that for which he had remained behind was accomplished, and he then took up his line of march tow
Fairfield, Pa. (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 9
t on the morning of the 5th, he sent a column in direct pursuit. He ordered Sedgwick's Sixth Corps (then the freshest in the army) to follow up the enemy on the Fairfield road, while he dispatched a cavalry force to press the retreating Confederates on the Chambersburg road. Sedgwick that evening overtook the rear of the Confederate column at a distance of ten miles, where the Fairfield road breaks through a pass in the South Mountain range. This position was found to be very defensible; but there was no occasion to attack it, for another course had, meanwhile, been determined on, and Sedgwick was recalled. Instead of pursuing the enemy by the direct reen a better course to have pushed the pursuit by the direct line, as appears to have been at first intended when Sedgwick, on the 5th, was thrown forward on the Fairfield road. The obstructions which Lee could have placed in the defiles of the South Mountains cannot be considered, as presenting any serious difficulty; for General
Sterling (Illinois, United States) (search for this): chapter 9
, but it was all that could be made effective in the more restricted space occupied by the army. In the cemetery were placed Dilger's, Bancroft's, Eakin's, Wheeler's, Hill's, and Taft's batteries, under Major Osborne. On the left of the cemetery the batteries of the Second Corps, under Captain Hazard—namely, those of Woodruff, Arnold, Cushing, Brown, and Rorty. Next on the left was Thomas's battery, and on his left Major McGilvray's command, consisting of Thompson's, Phillips', Hart's, Sterling's, Ranks', Dow's, and Ames' of the reserve artillery, to which was added Cooper's battery of the First Corps. On the extreme left, Gibbs' and Rittenhouse's (late Hazlitt's) batteries. As batteries expended their ammunition, they were replaced by batteries of the artillery reserve, sent forward by its efficient chief, Colonel R. O. Tyler. Withholding the fire until the first hostile outburst had spent itself, General Hunt then ordered the batteries to open; and thus from ridge to ridge was
S. W. Crawford (search for this): chapter 9
igades, of the Sixth Corps, had just taken position on this crest their line was visibly shaken. At this moment six regiments of the division of Pennsylvania Reserves, moving down the ridge, rapidly advanced under the personal leadership of General Crawford. This sally was enough to determine the action; for seeing attack to be hopeless, and in turn assailed themselves, the Confederates, after a sharp but brief contest for the retention of a stone wall occupied by them, hastily recoiled to theffect the former purpose, and when Pickett had been repulsed, he made a foolish and isolated attack. Thus, in the first instance, he did not move forward enough, and in the second he moved too far. This ended the combat, though towards dusk General Crawford advanced across the wheatfield into the woods and took several hundred prisoners and a large number of arms. During the action, the cavalry had been operating on the flanks, Kilpatrick's division on the left, and Gregg's division on the rig
J. R. Brooke (search for this): chapter 9
d so often been exhibited on the field of battle, was killed. To relieve these troops, General Caldwell then advanced his second line, made up of the brigades of Brooke and Zook. The latter was mortally wounded while carrying his troops into action. Brooke led his command forward with much gallantry, and after an exceedingly stBrooke led his command forward with much gallantry, and after an exceedingly stubborn fight, drove the enemy from under cover of the woods, and from a position of great natural strength along the rocky bottom of a creek at its margin. Colonel Brooke was wounded in this action. But this success, notwithstanding that Sweitzer's brigade was again advanced to assist the attack, was temporary. Hood had alreadColonel Brooke was wounded in this action. But this success, notwithstanding that Sweitzer's brigade was again advanced to assist the attack, was temporary. Hood had already carried the whole of the position originally held by the left of the Third Corps; and to hold him in check at that point, General Ayres, with two brigades of the Regulars of the Fifth Corps, moved forward. Caldwell experienced the same fate as those that had gone before; for the Confederates, penetrating the wide interval made
Ricketts (search for this): chapter 9
ame under the fire of Stevens' battery at eight hundred yards; but, wheeling into line, they pushed up the hill, and as their front became unmasked, all the guns that could be brought to bear upon them (some twenty in number), were opened upon them, first with shrapnel, then with canister, and with excellent effect, for their left and centre were beaten back. But the right, working its way up under cover of the houses and undulating ground, pushed completely through Wiedrich's battery into Ricketts' battery. The cannoneers of both batteries stood well to their guns, and when no longer able to hold them, fought with handspikes, rammers, and even stones. Hunt: Report of Artillery at Gettysburg. Howard's troops were considerably shaken by the assault; but the firmness of the artillery and the opportune arrival of Carroll's brigade of the Second Corps, voluntarily sent by General Hancock on hearing the firing, repulsed the attack and saved the day. Ewell had directed Rodes' division
J. C. Rice (search for this): chapter 9
olation than is presented by its bare and mottled figure, up-piled with granite ledges and masses of rock, and strewn with mighty boulders, that might be the debris of some antique combat of the Titans. Here there ensued one of those mortal struggles rare in war, when the hostile forces, clenching in close contest, illustrate whatever there is of savage and terrible in battle. Vincent's brigade, composed of the Sixteenth Michigan (Lieutenant-Colonel Welsh), the Forty-fourth New York (Colonel Rice), the Eighty-third Pennsylvania (Captain Woodward), and the Twentieth Maine (Colonel Chamberlain), coming quickly into position, engaged Hood's troops in a handto-hand conflict, in which bayonets were crossed and muskets clubbed; and officers, seizing the rifles dropped from dead hands, joined in the fray. After half an hour of this desperate work, the position was secured. Meantime, Weed's brigade of Ayres' division of the Fifth Corps The One Hundred and Fortieth New York, of this b
French (search for this): chapter 9
as to be joined by the garrison of that post, eleven thousand strong, under General French, and the united force was to menace the Confederate rear by a movement towas Ferry, with the view of uniting its garrison of eleven thousand men under General French with the column of General Slocum destined to make the proposed movement, hrch by Middletown and the lower passes of the South Mountain. To this end, General French, who with seven thousand men had since the evacuation of Harper's Ferry beed repossess himself of Harper's Ferry. Both these duties were fulfilled by General French, who also sent out a cavalry force that penetrated as far as Williamsport, ylvania. and that the ponton-bridge at Falling Waters had been destroyed by General French. This perilous circumstance compelled Lee to take up a defensive positionrs, and had been strengthened by the addition of eleven thousand men under General French, by a militia division under General Smith, and by considerable re-enforcem
Tilton (search for this): chapter 9
in response to this request that General Barnes' division of the Fifth Corps had been thrown out in support at the time General Warren detached from this division the brigade of Vincent to hold Little Round Top. Its other two brigades, under Colonels Tilton and Sweitzer, hastened to the support of Birney's hard-pressed troops on the advanced line; and General Humphreys, who held the right of the Third Corps, but had not yet been attacked, sent one of his own brigades under Colonel Burling to stt, thus making a change of front to face southward instead of westward, and the batteries on the forward crest under Major McGilvray were retired firing. That portion of the line which was to the left of the peach Orchard—namely, the brigades of Tilton and Sweitzer, that had been sent out to re-enforce Birney—being now not only assailed in front but having its right flank exposed, fell back; and this also involved Birney's front. It is rare that a field of battle displays, in a more striking
Dow (search for this): chapter 9
hat could be made effective in the more restricted space occupied by the army. In the cemetery were placed Dilger's, Bancroft's, Eakin's, Wheeler's, Hill's, and Taft's batteries, under Major Osborne. On the left of the cemetery the batteries of the Second Corps, under Captain Hazard—namely, those of Woodruff, Arnold, Cushing, Brown, and Rorty. Next on the left was Thomas's battery, and on his left Major McGilvray's command, consisting of Thompson's, Phillips', Hart's, Sterling's, Ranks', Dow's, and Ames' of the reserve artillery, to which was added Cooper's battery of the First Corps. On the extreme left, Gibbs' and Rittenhouse's (late Hazlitt's) batteries. As batteries expended their ammunition, they were replaced by batteries of the artillery reserve, sent forward by its efficient chief, Colonel R. O. Tyler. Withholding the fire until the first hostile outburst had spent itself, General Hunt then ordered the batteries to open; and thus from ridge to ridge was kept up for near
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