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James Island (South Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 26
. by his rival into resigning. To your opinions it is my duty implicitly to submit, was the answer of Cornwallis to the orders of Clinton; and on the fourth of July he began his march to Portsmouth. On that day, the royal army arrived near James island, and in the evening the advanced guard reached the opposite bank of the James river. Two or three more days were required to carry over all the stores and the troops. The small American army followed at a distance. Beside fifteen hundred reg, and nearly four thousand land troops, had entered the Chesapeake, where, without loss of time, he had moored most of the fleet in Lynnhaven bay, blocked up York river, and, without being in the least annoyed by Cornwallis, had disembarked at James island three thousand men under the command of the Marquis de St. Simon. Here too prevailed unanimity. St. Simon, though older in military service as well as in years, placed himself and his troops as auxiliaries under the orders of Lafayette, beca
Baltimore, Md. (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 26
ound himself on the south side of the Susquehanna, in an order of the day, offered leave to any of them to return to the north; and not one would abandon him. At Baltimore he borrowed two thousand pounds sterling, supplied his men with shoes and hats, and bought linen, which the women of Baltimore made into summer garments. Then, Baltimore made into summer garments. Then, by a forced march of two hundred miles, he arrived at Richmond on the twenty-ninth of April, the evening before Phillips 29. reached the opposite bank of the river. Having Chap. XXV.} 1781. April 29. in the night been joined by Steuben with militia, Lafayette was enabled to hold in check the larger British force. Wayne should ch of thirtytwo guns, and he found de Barras safely at anchor in Chap. XXV.} 1781. the bay. Leaving the allied troops to descend by water from Elk river and Baltimore, Washington, with Rochambeau and Chastellux, riding sixty miles a day, on the evening of the ninth reached his own seat at Mount Sept. 9. Vernon. It was the fi
Versailles (France) (search for this): chapter 26
ble column was to be erected at Yorktown, with emblems of the alliance between the United States and his most Christian Majesty. The Duke de Lauzun, chosen to take the news across the Atlantic, arrived in twenty-two days at Best, and reached Versailles on the nineteenth of Brest, and reached Versailles on the nineteenth of Nov. 19. November. The king, who had just been made Chap. XXV.} 1781. Nov. 19. happy by the birth of a dauphin, received the glad news in the queen's apartment. The veVersailles on the nineteenth of Nov. 19. November. The king, who had just been made Chap. XXV.} 1781. Nov. 19. happy by the birth of a dauphin, received the glad news in the queen's apartment. The very last sands of the life of the Count de Maurepas were running out; but he could still recognise de Lauzun, and the tidings threw a halo round his death-bed. The joy at court penetrated the whole people, and the name of Lafayette was pronounced with veneration. History, said Vergennes, offers few examples of a success so complete. All the wild agree, wrote Franklin to Washington, that no expedition was ever better planned or better executed. It brightens the glory that must accompany your n
Hesse (Hesse, Germany) (search for this): chapter 26
and piled their arms on the ground. Nor must impartial history fail to relate that the Chap. XXV.} 1781. Oct. 19 French provided for the siege of Yorktown thirtyseven ships of the line, and the Americans not one; that while the Americans supplied nine thousand troops, of whom fifty-five hundred were regulars, the contingent of the French consisted of seven thousand. Among the prisoners were two battalions of Anspach, amounting to ten hundred and seventy-seven men; and two regiments of Hesse, amounting to eight hundred and thirty-three. On the way to their camp, they passed in front of the regiment of Deux Ponts. At the sight of their countrymen, they forgot that they had been in arms against each other, and embraced with tears in their eyes. The English soldiers affected to look at the allied army with scorn. Their officers, of more reflection, conducted themselves with decorum, yet could not but feel how decisive was their defeat. When the letters of Washington announci
Maryland (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 26
on the fourth of July he began his march to Portsmouth. On that day, the royal army arrived near James island, and in the evening the advanced guard reached the opposite bank of the James river. Two or three more days were required to carry over all the stores and the troops. The small American army followed at a distance. Beside fifteen hundred regular troops, equal to the best in the royal army, Lafayette drew to his side as volunteers gallant young men mounted on their own horses from Maryland and Virginia. Youth and generosity, courage and prudence, were his spells of persuasion. His perceptions were quick and his vigilance never failed, and in his methods of gaining information of the movements of the enemy he excelled all officers in the war except Washington and Morgan. All accounts bear testimony to his prudence, and that he never once committed himself during a very difficult campaign. Tarleton, 355. The one act of rashness to which Tarleton refers was not the act of
Gloucester, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 26
re remained but, in obedience to the spirit of Clinton's orders, to seize and fortify York and Gloucester. Answer, 174. Cornwallis accordingly, in the first week of August, embarked his troops suc-g. 1. 2. 8. cessively, and, evacuating Portsmouth, transferred his whole force to Yorktown and Gloucester. Yorktown was then but a small village on a high bank, where the long peninsula dividing the bold, and deep; so that ships of the line may ride there in safety. On the opposite side lies Gloucester, a point of land projecting into the river so as to narrow its width to one mile. These were ohe events of this campaign. On the very day on which Cornwallis took possession of York and Gloucester, Washington, assured of the assistance of de Grasse, turned his whole thoughts towards moving ine of works in a very near advance, and gave great advantages for opening the trenches. At Gloucester, the enemy was shut in by dragoons under the Duke de Lauzun, Virginia militia under General We
York, Pa. (Pennsylvania, United States) (search for this): chapter 26
thought of such a measure. I flatter myself you will at least hold Old Point Comfort, if it is possible to do it without York. And four days later Clinton urged again: It ever has been, is, and ever will be, my firm and unalterable opinion that ittown. Answer, 175. Nothing therefore remained but, in obedience to the spirit of Clinton's orders, to seize and fortify York and Gloucester. Answer, 174. Cornwallis accordingly, in the first week of August, embarked his troops suc- Aug. 1. 2. by it. Lord Cornwallis has left to us Portsmouth, from which place he was in communication with Carolina, and he now is at York, a very advantageous place for one who has the maritime superiority. If by chance that superiority should become ours, ou. I think that you should wait for the events of this campaign. On the very day on which Cornwallis took possession of York and Gloucester, Washington, assured of the assistance of de Grasse, turned his whole thoughts towards moving with the Fren
Monticello (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 26
uit less. Steuben had transported his magazine across the Fluvanna, and was safe, the water being too deep to be forded; but Simcoe, who was sent against him, made him believe that the whole British army was in pursuit of him; and he fled, leaving behind him some part of his stores. The two detachments rejoined the camp of Cornwallis, which extended along the James river from the Point of Fork to a little below the mouth of Byrd creek. Tarleton had suffered nothing of Jefferson's at Monticello to be injured. At Elk Hill, under the eye of Cornwallis, all the barns and fences were 25. burned; the growing crops destroyed; the fields laid absolutely waste; the throats cut of all the horses that were too young for service, and the rest carried off. He took away about thirty slaves, but not to give them freedom. The rest of the neighborhood was treated in like manner, but with less of destructive fury. In the march of the British army from Elk Hill down the river to Williamsburg
Chesapeake City (Maryland, United States) (search for this): chapter 26
-first of July, I July 21. cannot entertain a thought of such a measure. I flatter myself you will at least hold Old Point Comfort, if it is possible to do it without York. And four days later Clinton urged again: It ever has been, is, and ever will be, my firm and unalterable opinion that it is of the first consequence to his Majesty's affairs on the continent, that we take pos- Chap. XXV.} 1781. July. session of the Chesapeake, and that we do not afterwards relinquish it. Remain in Chesapeake, at least until the stations I have proposed are occupied and established. It never was my intention to continue a post on Elizabeth river. Now the post of Portsmouth on Elizabeth river had, as Lafayette and Washington well understood, the special value that it offered in the last resort the chance of an escape into the Carolinas. The engineers, after careful and extensive surveys, reported unanimously, that a work on Point Comfort would not secure ships at anchor in Hampton roads. T
James Lowther (search for this): chapter 26
it might become the principle of all mankind that power resting on armed force is invidious, detestable, weak, and tottering. The official report from Sir Henry Clinton was received the same day at midnight. When on the following Tuesday par- 27. liament came together, the speech of the king was confused, the debates in the two houses augured an impending change in the opinion of parliament, and the majority of the ministry was reduced to eightyseven. A fortnight later the motion of Sir James Lowther to give up all further attempts to reduce the revolted colonies was well received by the Chap. XXV.} 1781 Nov. members from the country, and the majority of the ministry after a very long and animated debate dwindled to forty-one. The city of London entreated the king to put an end to this unnatural and unfortunate war. Such, too, was the wish of public meetings in Westminster, in Southwark, and in the counties of Middlesex and Surrey. The house of commons employed the recess in
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