Austria 2015/16


Bundesliga
�FB Cup
1. Liga
Regionalliga
SFV (Salzburg) Cup
Steirer Cup

Bundesliga

Final Table:

 1.RB Salzburg                  36  21 11  4  71-33  74  [C]  Champions
 2.SK Rapid Wien                36  20  5 11  66-42  65
 3.FK Austria Wien              36  17  8 11  65-48  59
 4.FC Admira Wacker M�dling     36  13 11 12  45-51  50
 5.SK Sturm Graz                36  12 12 12  40-40  48
 6.Wolfsberger AC               36  11 10 15  33-36  43
 7.SV Ried                      36  11  9 16  36-52  42
 8.SC Rheindorf Altach          36  11  7 18  39-49  40
 9.SV Mattersburg               36  10  9 17  40-70  39  [P]
-------------------------------------------------------
10.SV Gr�dig                    36   9  8 19  42-56  35  Relegated

NB: after the end of the season, Gr�dig announced they will not play at the second
    level next season but withdraw to their regional league (Regionalliga West)

Round 1
[Jul 25]
Mattersburg      2-1 Salzburg         
Rapid            3-0 Ried             
Sturm            1-1 Admira Wacker    
Gr�dig           2-1 Altach           
[Jul 26]
Wolfsberg        0-2 Austria          

Round 2
[Aug 1]
Salzburg         1-2 Rapid            
Admira Wacker    2-1 Mattersburg      
[Aug 2]
Austria          3-1 Altach           
Ried             0-0 Wolfsberg        
Sturm            1-1 Gr�dig           

Round 3
[Aug 8]
Gr�dig           2-2 Austria          
Admira Wacker    2-2 Salzburg         
Mattersburg      4-1 Ried             
[Aug 9] 
Altach           0-1 Sturm            
Rapid            2-1 Wolfsberg        

Round 4
[Aug 11]
Ried             1-4 Salzburg         
[Aug 12]
Austria          2-5 Rapid            
Altach           3-1 Mattersburg      
Gr�dig           2-3 Admira Wacker    
Wolfsberg        0-2 Sturm            

Round 5
[Aug 15]
Austria          5-1 Mattersburg      
Admira Wacker    3-1 Ried             
Salzburg         2-0 Altach           
Wolfsberg        3-2 Gr�dig           
[Aug 16]
Sturm            2-2 Rapid            

Round 6
[Aug 22] 
Rapid            3-0 Gr�dig           
Mattersburg      1-0 Wolfsberg        
Ried             1-0 Sturm            
[Aug 23]
Salzburg         2-2 Austria          
Altach           1-2 Admira Wacker    

Round 7
[Aug 29]
Admira Wacker    0-1 Austria          
Rapid            2-4 Mattersburg      
Gr�dig           4-1 Ried             
[Aug 30]
Sturm            2-3 Salzburg         
Wolfsberg        0-2 Altach           

Round 8
[Sep 12]
Altach           2-0 Rapid            
Austria          1-1 Ried             
Admira Wacker    1-0 Wolfsberg        
Salzburg         4-2 Gr�dig           
[Sep 13]
Mattersburg      2-0 Sturm            

Round 9
[Sep 19]
Sturm            2-0 Austria          
Gr�dig           1-1 Mattersburg      
Ried             2-0 Altach           
Wolfsberg        1-1 Salzburg         
[Sep 20]
Rapid            2-0 Admira Wacker    

Round 10
[Sep 26] 
Ried             0-1 Rapid            
Austria          1-0 Wolfsberg        
Salzburg         4-2 Mattersburg      
Altach           1-0 Gr�dig           
[Sep 27]
Admira Wacker    0-1 Sturm            

Round 11
[Oct 3]
Gr�dig           3-0 Sturm            
Altach           1-2 Austria          
Mattersburg      0-4 Admira Wacker    
Wolfsberg        1-1 Ried             
[Oct 4]
Rapid            1-2 Salzburg         

Round 12
[Oct 17]
Salzburg         8-0 Admira Wacker    
Austria          2-1 Gr�dig           
Sturm            3-1 Altach           
Ried             0-1 Mattersburg      
[Oct 18]
Wolfsberg        2-1 Rapid            

Round 13
[Oct 24]
Mattersburg      2-1 Altach           
Admira Wacker    0-0 Gr�dig           
Salzburg         2-1 Ried             
Sturm            2-0 Wolfsberg        
[Oct 25]
Rapid            1-2 Austria          

Round 14
[Oct 31]
Rapid            2-1 Sturm            
Altach           1-0 Salzburg         
Gr�dig           1-0 Wolfsberg        
Ried             1-1 Admira Wacker    
[Nov 1]
Mattersburg      1-2 Austria          

Round 15
[Nov 7]
Austria          1-1 Salzburg         
Admira Wacker    1-1 Altach           
Sturm            3-2 Ried             
Wolfsberg        2-1 Mattersburg      
[Nov 8]
Gr�dig           2-1 Rapid            

Round 16
[Nov 21]
Austria          1-1 Admira Wacker    
Altach           2-1 Wolfsberg        
Mattersburg      1-6 Rapid            
Ried             1-0 Gr�dig           
[Nov 22]
Salzburg         3-1 Sturm            

Round 17
[Nov 28]
Sturm            0-0 Mattersburg      
Gr�dig           1-1 Salzburg         
Wolfsberg        4-0 Admira Wacker    
[Nov 29]
Ried             4-2 Austria          
Rapid            3-1 Altach           

Round 18
[Dec 1]
Salzburg         1-1 Wolfsberg        
[Dec 2]
Admira Wacker    2-1 Rapid            
Altach           1-3 Ried             
Mattersburg      0-2 Gr�dig           
Austria          2-1 Sturm            

Round 19
[Dec 5]
Wolfsberg        2-0 Austria          
Rapid            2-1 Ried             
Sturm            1-1 Admira Wacker    
Gr�dig           0-3 Altach           
[Dec 6]
Mattersburg      0-0 Salzburg         

Round 20
[Dec 12]
Austria          1-2 Altach           
Admira Wacker    1-1 Mattersburg      
Sturm            2-0 Gr�dig           
Ried             1-0 Wolfsberg        
[Dec 13]
Salzburg         2-0 Rapid            

Round 21
[Feb 6]
Altach           2-2 Sturm            
Rapid            3-0 Wolfsberg        
Gr�dig           0-1 Austria          
Mattersburg      3-3 Ried             
[Feb 7]
Admira Wacker    1-2 Salzburg         

Round 22
[Feb 13]
Ried             1-0 Salzburg         
Altach           1-2 Mattersburg      
Gr�dig           2-2 Admira Wacker    
Wolfsberg        0-0 Sturm            
[Feb 14]
Austria          0-3 Rapid            

Round 23
[Feb 20]			
Austria          2-2 Mattersburg      
Admira Wacker    0-0 Ried             
Salzburg         2-0 Altach           
Wolfsberg        2-0 Gr�dig           
[Feb 21]
Sturm            0-2 Rapid            

Round 24
[Feb 27]
Ried             0-1 Sturm            
Altach           1-2 Admira Wacker    
Mattersburg      1-1 Wolfsberg        
[Feb 28]
Rapid            3-2 Gr�dig           
Salzburg         4-1 Austria          

Round 25
[Mar 1]
Wolfsberg        1-0 Altach           
[Mar 2]
Admira Wacker    0-3 Austria          
Rapid            3-0 Mattersburg      
Gr�dig           2-2 Ried             
Sturm            0-0 Salzburg         

Round 26
[Mar 5]
Salzburg         3-0 Gr�dig           
Austria          3-1 Ried             
Admira Wacker    0-2 Wolfsberg        
Mattersburg      1-0 Sturm            
[Mar 6]
Altach           0-0 Rapid            

Round 27
[Mar 12]
Wolfsberg        1-1 Salzburg         
Rapid            0-4 Admira Wacker    
Gr�dig           0-1 Mattersburg      
Ried             0-2 Altach           
[Mar 13]
Sturm            1-1 Austria          

Round 28
[Mar 19]
Austria          0-0 Wolfsberg        
Admira Wacker    1-0 Sturm            
Salzburg         2-1 Mattersburg      
Altach           1-0 Gr�dig           
[Mar 20]
Ried             1-0 Rapid            

Round 29
[Apr 2]
Gr�dig           1-3 Sturm            
Altach           2-0 Austria          
Mattersburg      0-3 Admira Wacker    
Wolfsberg        1-0 Ried             
[Apr 3]
Rapid            1-1 Salzburg         

Round 30
[Apr 9]
Sturm            4-1 Altach           
Austria          0-2 Gr�dig           
Ried             1-0 Mattersburg      
Wolfsberg        2-2 Rapid            
[Apr 10]
Salzburg         1-0 Admira Wacker    

Round 31
[Apr 16]
Salzburg         2-1 Ried             
Admira Wacker    1-1 Gr�dig           
Sturm            1-0 Wolfsberg        
Mattersburg      0-0 Altach           
[Apr 17]
Rapid            1-0 Austria          

Round 32
[Apr 23]
Mattersburg      0-9 Austria          
Altach           1-3 Salzburg         
Gr�dig           0-1 Wolfsberg        
Ried             1-0 Admira Wacker    
[Apr 24]
Rapid            2-0 Sturm            

Round 33
[Apr 30]
Gr�dig           2-0 Rapid            
Admira Wacker    2-1 Altach           
Sturm            0-0 Ried             
Wolfsberg        2-0 Mattersburg      
[May 1]
Austria          0-2 Salzburg         

Round 34
[May 7]
Austria          3-1 Admira Wacker    
Salzburg         1-1 Sturm            
Altach           1-1 Wolfsberg        
Ried             2-0 Gr�dig           
[May 8]
Mattersburg      0-2 Rapid            

Round 35 [May 11]
Rapid            1-1 Altach           
Sturm            1-1 Mattersburg      
Gr�dig           1-2 Salzburg         
Ried             0-5 Austria          
Wolfsberg        1-2 Admira Wacker    

Round 36 [May 15]
Austria          3-0 Sturm            
Admira Wacker    1-3 Rapid            
Salzburg         1-0 Wolfsberg        
Altach           0-0 Ried             
Mattersburg      2-3 Gr�dig           

Final Table:

 1.RB Salzburg                  36  21 11  4  71-33  74  [C]  Champions
 2.SK Rapid Wien                36  20  5 11  66-42  65
 3.FK Austria Wien              36  17  8 11  65-48  59
 4.FC Admira Wacker M�dling     36  13 11 12  45-51  50
 5.SK Sturm Graz                36  12 12 12  40-40  48
 6.Wolfsberger AC               36  11 10 15  33-36  43
 7.SV Ried                      36  11  9 16  36-52  42
 8.SC Rheindorf Altach          36  11  7 18  39-49  40
 9.SV Mattersburg               36  10  9 17  40-70  39  [P]
-------------------------------------------------------
10.SV Gr�dig                    36   9  8 19  42-56  35  Relegated

NB: after the end of the season, Gr�dig announced they will not play at the second
    level next season but withdraw to their regional league (Regionalliga West)

�FB Cup

Round 1
[Jul 17]
SC Weiz                     1-5 SK Rapid Wien
First Vienna FC             0-1 SC Wiener Neustadt
VST V�lkermarkt             2-2 FC Lendorf                  [aet, 5-6 pen]
FC Blau-Wei� Linz           1-1 FC Wacker Innsbruck         [aet, 4-5 pen]
SV Wallern                  2-1 SK Vorw�rts Steyr
SV Allerheiligen            0-3 Kapfenberger SV
SV Lafnitz                  1-2 SC Rheindorf Altach    
SV Innsbruck               0-15 SV Ried/Innkreis
SV Oberwart                 0-3 FK Austria Wien
SKU Amstetten               3-2 ASK Kottingbrunn            [aet]
SV Horn                     2-0 SC Ritzing
1. SC Sollenau              0-3 SV Mattersburg
Kremser SC                  6-1 SC Trausdorf
SC/ESV Parndorf             2-7 Linzer ASK
[Jul 18]
Union Gurten                1-0 SV Gr�dig
ASK Ebreichsdorf            4-0 FC Penzing Wien
SV Leobendorf               0-0 Wiener SK                   [aet, 4-3 pen]
FC Golling                  0-6 Floridsdorfer AC (Wien)
TSV Neumarkt/Wallersee      0-3 FC Hard
Deutschlandsberger SC       0-7 FC Red Bull Salzburg
Schwarz-Wei� Bregenz        0-1 FC Wels
ATSV Stadl-Paura            1-5 WSG Swarovski Wattens
USC Eugendorf               2-4 SV Austria Salzburg         [aet]   
TSV St. Johann/Pongau       4-0 FC Kitzb�hel   
FC Dornbirn                 0-2 SKN St. P�lten
FC H�chst                   1-2 SV Seekirchen
SV Schwechat                1-1 FC Admira Wacker M�dling    [aet, 2-4 pen]  
TSV Hartberg                0-6 SK Sturm Graz   
[Jul 19]
Annabichler SV (Klagenfurt) 1-4 FC Stadlau
SVG Reichenau               1-4 SK Austria Klagenfurt
FC Piberstein Lankowitz     3-1 SC Austria Lustenau
ASK� K�ttmannsdorf          0-6 Wolfsberger AC                              

Round 2
[Sep 22]
FC Stadlau Wien             2-1 SK Austria Klagenfurt       [aet]
Union Gurten                1-3 SV Mattersburg
Wiener SK                   0-3 SC Rheindorf Altach
TSV St.Johann/Pongau        1-1 Linzer ASK                  [aet, 4-5 pen]
FC Piberstein Lankowitz     1-0 Floridsdorfer AC Wien   
WSG Swarovski Wattens       0-0 Kapfenberger SV             [aet, 6-5 pen] 
FC Hard                     1-4 SKN St. P�lten
SV Seekirchen               0-7 SK Sturm Graz
FC Lendorf                  0-5 SV Austria Salzburg
SV Horn                     2-3 FC Red Bull Salzburg        [aet]
Kremser SC                  3-5 FC Wacker Innsbruck         [aet]            
ASK Ebreichsdorf            3-1 SC Wiener Neustadt
[Sep 23]
SKU Amstetten               1-1 SK Rapid Wien               [aet, 3-4 pen]
SV Wallern                  2-2 FC Admira Wacker M�dling    [aet, 2-4 pen] 
FC Wels                     0-2 FK Austria Wien
SV Ried/Innkreis            0-0 Wolfsberger AC              [aet, 5-3 pen]
 
Round 3
[Oct 27]
ASK Ebreichsdorf            2-3 SK Sturm Graz
FC Stadlau Wien             0-4 SKN St. P�lten
FC Piberstein Lankowitz     0-1 FC Admira Wacker M�dling
FC Red Bull Salzburg        4-2 SV Ried/Innkreis
FC Wacker Innsbruck         0-2 Linzer ASK
[Oct 28]
WSG Swarovski Wattens       0-2 SV Mattersburg
SK Rapid Wien               5-1 SV Austria Salzburg
[Nov 4]
FK Austria Wien             2-1 SC Rheindorf Altach

Quarterfinals
[Feb 9]
FK Austria Wien             1-0 Linzer ASK
SV Mattersburg              1-2 SKN St. P�lten
[Feb 10]
SK Rapid Wien               0-1 FC Admira/Wacker M�dling
SK Sturm Graz               0-1 FC Red Bull Salzburg

Semifinals
[Apr 19]
FC Admira/Wacker M�dling    2-1 SKN St. P�lten
[Apr 20]
FC Red Bull Salzburg        5-2 FK Austria Wien             

Final [May 19, Klagenfurt]
FC Red Bull Salzburg        5-0 FC Admira/Wacker M�dling    
  [Soriano 7, 65, 86pen , Keita 28, Laimer 73]

1. Liga (Second Level)

Final Table:
   
 1.SKN Sankt P�lten             36  26  2  8  68-34  80  Promoted
-------------------------------------------------------
 2.LASK Linz                    36  22  6  8  65-35  72
 3.FC Wacker Innsbruck          36  17  8 11  61-47  59
 4.FC Liefering                 36  17  6 13  65-49  57  [*]
 5.SC Austria Lustenau          36  16  9 11  56-40  57
 6.Kapfenberger SV              36  14  8 14  63-62  50
 7.SC Wiener Neustadt           36  12  9 15  39-49  45  [R]
 8.SK Austria Klagenfurt        36   8 10 18  43-62  34  [P]  Denied License
-------------------------------------------------------
 9.SV Austria Salzburg          36   7 11 18  45-73  26  [-6]  [P] Denied License
10.Floridsdorfer AC             36   4  5 27  23-77  17

[*] FC Liefering (farm team RB Salzburg) are not eligible for promotion

Promotion Playoff

NB: both SV Austria Salzburg (who opened insolvency proceedings during the season) and
    SK Austria Klagenfurt (who were denied a second level license for next season in
    spite of two appeals) are forcibly relegated; as in addition SV Gr�dig (relegated
    from the first level) voluntarily return to the regional level, Floridsdorfer AC
    remain at the second level and three clubs are promoted from the regional leagues:
    SV Horn (Regionalliga Ost), FC Blau-Weiß Linz (Regionalliga Mitte) and WSG Wattens
    (Regionalliga West); the playoff for one promotion place between FC Blau-Weiß Linz 
    and WSG Wattens will therefore not be played.

Regionalliga

Regionalliga West | Regionalliga Mitte | Regionalliga Ost

Regionalliga West

Final Table:

 1.WSG Wattens                  30  24  3  3  81-18  75  Promoted
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 2.USK Anif                     30  18  3  9  76-46  57  [P]
 3.TSV St. Johann/Pongau        30  16  7  7  59-32  55
 4.FC Dornbirn                  30  15  5 10  58-39  50
 5.SC Schwaz                    30  12 10  8  44-40  46
 6.USC Eugendorf                30  12  7 11  56-63  43
 7.FC Wacker Innsbruck Amateure 30  12  6 12  54-45  42
 8.FC Pinzgau Saalfelden        30  11  6 13  51-59  39
 9.SV Seekirchen                30  10  9 11  50-58  39
10.SCR Altach Amateure          30  11  5 14  33-48  38
11.FC Kufstein                  30  10  7 13  43-45  37
12.FC Hard                      30   9  9 12  35-42  36
-------------------------------------------------------
13.TSV Neumarkt/Wallersee       30  11  3 16  43-61  36  Relegated
14.SW Bregenz                   30   9  6 15  42-63  33  [P]  Relegated
15.FC Kitzb�hel                 30   9  5 16  53-59  32  Relegated
16.SVG Reichenau                30   2  7 21  28-88  13  [P]  Relegated

Promoted: SAK 1914 (Salzburg) [FC Bergheim declined promotion]
          SV W�rgl (Tirol)
          VfB Hohenems (Vorarlberg)

Regionalliga Mitte

Final Table:

 1.FC Blau-Weiß Linz            30  22  4  4  89-25  70  Promoted
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 2.TSV Hartberg                 30  18  6  6  64-38  60  [R]
 3.Union St. Florian            30  15  7  8  53-35  52
 4.SC Kalsdorf                  30  16  3 11  56-43  51
 5.SPG Pasching/LASK Juniors    30  15  5 10  59-46  50
 6.SV Lafnitz                   30  15  4 11  62-52  49
 7.ATSV Stadl-Paura             30  14  6 10  58-49  48  [P]
 8.USV Allerheiligen            30  14  6 10  50-43  48
 9.Deutschlandsberger SC        30  12  7 11  49-43  43  [P]
10.Union Gurten                 30  11  7 12  51-44  40
11.SK Sturm Graz Amateure       30   9 11 10  48-48  38
12.SK Vorw�rts Steyr            30   9  7 14  36-49  34
13.SC Weiz                      30   6  8 16  33-66  26
-------------------------------------------------------
14.Wolfsberger AC Amateure      30   6  5 19  34-64  23  Relegated
15.SV Wallern                   30   6  4 20  35-70  22  Relegated
16.Annabichler SV               30   5  4 21  24-86  19  [P]  Relegated

Promoted: ATSV Wolfsberg (K�rnten) [ATUS Ferlach declined promotion]
          SV Grieskirchen (Ober�sterreich)
          FC Gleisdorf 09 (Steiermark)

Regionalliga Ost

Final Table:

 1.SV Horn                      30  21  6  3  80-28  69  [R]  Promoted
-------------------------------------------------------
 2.First Vienna FC              30  20  7  3  63-21  67
 3.SC Ritzing                   30  14 10  6  58-30  52
 4.SK Union Amstetten           30  14 10  6  51-30  52
 5.ASK Ebreichsdorf             30  12  8 10  42-40  44  [P]
 6.FC Stadlau                   30  11 10  9  42-40  43  [P]
 7.SC/ESV Parndorf              30  11  9 10  58-46  42
 8.FK Austria Wien Amateure     30  10  9 11  45-39  39
 9.SKN St. P�lten Juniors       30  11  6 13  32-41  39
10.Admira Juniors M�dling       30   9  9 12  47-55  36
11.1.SC Sollenau                30   8  8 14  35-57  32  [*]  Withdrew
12.SK Rapid II Wien             30   7 10 13  38-57  31
13.SC Neusiedl/See              30   6 11 13  44-60  29
14.Wiener Sportklub             30   7  8 15  37-54  29
15.SV Schwechat                 30   7  5 18  33-64  26
-------------------------------------------------------
16.SV Oberwart                  30   5  8 17  29-72  23  [P]  Relegated

[*] Sollenau sold their place for 2016/17 to Traiskirchen (formally,
    1.SC Sollenau merged with FCM Traiskirchen into SG Traiskirchen).

Promoted: SC Mannsdorf (Nieder�sterreich)
          
NB: SV Eberau (Burgenland) declined promotion, and as no other club from the 
      Burgenlandliga was either eligible or willing to be promoted, SV Schwechat
      escaped relegation;
    Young Style SC (Wien) [formerly SC Wienerberg] also declined promotion, 
      but as they did so very late, they were not replaced, reducing the number
      of clubs in the RL Ost to 15 for 2016/17.


SFV (Salzburg) Cup 2015/16

1/8 Finals
[Aug 25]
SC M�hlbach/Pinzgau           0-3 Union Henndorf
USC Faistenau                 1-1 �TSU Oberhofen                [aet, 5-3 pen]
SC Bad Hofgastein             0-1 SV Seekirchen
SV Kuchl                      1-2 TSV Neumarkt
[Aug 26]
FC Bergheim                   3-2 SV Stra�walchen
SV Schwarzach                 1-5 USK Anif
USK St. Koloman               2-0 UFC Altenmarkt
TSU Bramberg                  0-3 SV Wals-Gr�nau
 
Quarterfinals
[Apr 12]
FC Bergheim                   1-0 SV Wals-Gr�nau
USK Anif                      2-0 SV Seekirchen
[Apr 13]
USC Faistenau                 2-2 TSV Neumarkt                  [aet, 4-5 pen]
USK St. Koloman               0-1 Union Henndorf
 
Semifinals
[Apr 26]
Union Henndorf                0-2 USK Anif
[Apr 27]
FC Bergheim                   3-2 TSV Neumarkt
 
Final [May 25]
USK Anif                      3-0 FC Bergheim    

Woche Cup 2015/16

1/8 Finals [Mar 28]
SC Bruck/Mur                  0-2 SC Weiz
SV Feldbach                   4-1 SK F�rstenfeld
TuS St. Veit/S�dsteiermark    2-5 SC Kalsdorf
SV Unzmarkt                   3-2 FC Gratkorn                   [aet]
SV Allerheiligen              1-2 SV Lafnitz
FC Trofaiach                  3-2 SV Fohnsdorf
TSV P�llau                    3-0 FC Piberstein Lankowitz
SV Rottenmann                 1-0 FC Gro�klein
 
Quarterfinals      
[May 3]
SC Weiz                       1-2 SV Lafnitz
[May 4]
SV Unzmarkt                   1-2 SV Feldbach
TSV P�llau                    6-0 SV Rottenmann
[May 10]
FC Trofaiach                  0-3 SC Kalsdorf
 
Semifinals
[May 16]
SV Feldbach                   0-3 SV Lafnitz
[May 24]
TSV P�llau                    2-3 SC Kalsdorf                   [aet]
 
Final [Jun 3]
SV Lafnitz                    2-0 SC Kalsdorf                      

2014/15.

2016/17.

list of final tables.

list of champions.

list of cup finals.

list of super cup finals.

list of foundation dates.


About this document

Prepared and maintained by Hans Sch�ggl and Karel Stokkermans for the Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation

Authors: Hans Sch�ggl and Karel Stokkermans
Last updated: 7 Mar 2023

(C) Copyright Hans Sch�ggl, Karel Stokkermans and RSSSF 2015/23
You are free to copy this document in whole or part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All rights reserved.