USMLE Bulletin
USMLE Bulletin
BULLETIN OF INFORMATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Purpose of the USMLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The Three Steps of the USMLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Examination Committees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Ownership and Copyright of
Examination Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
USMLE Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Computer-Based Testing (CBT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
ELIGIBILITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Step 1, Step 2 CK, and Step 2 CS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Step 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Who Is Required to Take Step 2 CS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Graduates of Unaccredited Medical Schools
in the United States and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Sequence of Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Time Limit and Number of Attempts Allowed
to Complete All Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Retakes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Official Performance of Record for Examinees
Retaking a Previously Passed Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Formerly Administered Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Change in Eligibility Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
EXAMINATION CONTENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Step 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Step 2 Clinical Knowledge (CK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Step 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
PREPARING FOR THE TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Sample Test Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Test Lengths and Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Practicing with the Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Practice at Prometric Test Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
APPLYING FOR THE TEST AND SCHEDULING
YOUR TEST DATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Application Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Applying for Step 1, Step 2 CK, and Step 2 CS. . . . . 14
Applying for Step 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Copyright 2006 by the Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States, Inc., and the National Board of Medical
Examiners (NBME). The USMLE is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States, Inc.,
and the National Board of Medical Examiners.
OVERVIEW
and requires passing an examination that demonstrates
qualification for licensure. Results of the USMLE are
reported to these authorities for use in granting the initial license to practice medicine. The USMLE provides
them with a common evaluation system for applicants
for medical licensure.
INTRODUCTION
The United States Medical Licensing Examination
(USMLE) is a three-step examination for medical
licensure in the United States and is sponsored by the
Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the
National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME).
Goals:
To provide to licensing authorities meaningful
information from assessments of physician
characteristicsincluding medical knowledge,
skills, values, and attitudesthat are important to
the provision of safe and effective patient care.
To engage medical educators and their
institutions, licensing authority members, and
practicing clinicians in the design and
development of these assessments.
http://www.usmle.org
Visit the USMLE website for
up-to-date information.
OVERVIEW
examination materials, by any means, including
memorizing and reconstructing them, without explicit written permission, you are in violation of the
rights of the owners. In addition to actions described
on pages 3031, every legal means available to protect USMLE copyrighted materials and secure
redress against those who violate copyright law may
be pursued.
Step 2 assesses whether you can apply medical knowledge, skills, and understanding of clinical science
essential for the provision of patient care under supervision and includes emphasis on health promotion and
disease prevention. Step 2 ensures that due attention is
devoted to principles of clinical sciences and basic
patient-centered skills that provide the foundation for
the safe and competent practice of medicine.
Step 3 assesses whether you can apply medical
knowledge and understanding of biomedical and clinical science essential for the unsupervised practice of
medicine, with emphasis on patient management in
ambulatory settings. Step 3 provides a final assessment of physicians assuming independent responsibility for delivering general medical care.
EXAMINATION COMMITTEES
Examination committees composed of medical educators and clinicians prepare the examination materials. Committee members broadly represent the teaching, practicing, and licensing communities across the
United States. At least two of these committees critically appraise each test item or case. They revise or
discard any materials that are in doubt.
ELIGIBILITY
STEP 1, STEP 2 CK, AND STEP 2 CS
Note: A physician whose basic medical degree or
qualification was conferred by a medical school
outside the United States and Canada may be eligible for certification by the ECFMG if the medical school and graduation year are listed in the
International Medical Education Directory
(IMED) of the Foundation for Advancement of
International Medical Education and Research
(FAIMER). This applies to citizens of the
United States who have completed their medical
education in schools outside the United States and
Canada but not to foreign nationals who have
graduated from medical schools in the United
States and Canada. Specific eligibility criteria for
students and graduates of medical schools outside
the United States and Canada to take Step 1 and
Step 2 are described in the Information Booklet
provided by the ECFMG.
STEP 3
To be eligible for Step 3, prior to submitting your
application, you must:
obtain the MD degree (or its equivalent) or the
DO degree,
ELIGIBILITY
The sponsoring licensing authority certifies
that you have met all of the requirements for
licensure in the jurisdiction except for the
examination requirement.
In order to register for Step 3, Fifth Pathway graduates must have taken and passed either the CSA or
the Step 2 CS.
SEQUENCE OF STEPS
If eligibility requirements are met (see page 3), you
may take Step 1, Step 2 CK, and Step 2 CS in any
sequence.
ELIGIBILITY
Students who pursue both degrees should understand
that while many states' regulations provide specific
exceptions to the seven-year rule for dual degree candidates, others do not. Students pursuing a dual
degree are advised to check the state-specific requirements for licensure listed by the FSMB.
The USMLE program recognizes that the recommended seven-year time limit may pose problems for
medical licensure for some students pursuing a combined degree (i.e., MD/PhD). It is for this reason that
the USMLE program recommends to licensing jurisdictions that they be willing to consider exceptions to
the seven-year limit for MD/PhD students who meet
certain narrow requirements. The recommended
requirements are as follows:
RETAKES
If you fail or do not complete a Step or Step
Component and want to retake it, you must reapply
by submitting a new application and fee.
ELIGIBILITY
If you pass a Step or Step Component, you are not
allowed to retake it, except to comply with the time
limit of a medical licensing authority for the completion of all Steps or a requirement imposed by another
authority recognized by the USMLE program for this
purpose. The medical licensing or other authority
must provide information indicating that you are
applying to retake the passed Step or Step Component
in order to comply with its requirement. If you are
repeating a Step or Step Component because of a time
limit, you may apply to retake the examination only
after the applicable time limit has expired.
EXAMINATION CONTENT
STEP 1
Table 1: USMLE Step 1 Specifications*
System**
anatomy,
behavioral sciences,
biochemistry,
microbiology,
pathology,
pharmacology,
physiology,
interdisciplinary topics, such as nutrition,
genetics, and aging.
40%50%
50%60%
General principles
Individual organ systems
hematopoietic/lymphoreticular
nervous/special senses
skin/connective tissue
musculoskeletal
respiratory
cardiovascular
gastrointestinal
renal/urinary
reproductive
endocrine
Process
30%50%
30%50%
15%25%
10%20%
http://www.usmle.org
Sample Step 1 test materials and further
information on Step 1 test content are
available from your registration entity
and at the USMLE website.
EXAMINATION CONTENT
STEP 2 CLINICAL KNOWLEDGE (CK)
Table 2: USMLE Step 2 CK Specifications*
Step 2 CK includes test items in the following
content areas:
internal medicine,
obstetrics and gynecology,
pediatrics,
preventive medicine,
psychiatry,
surgery,
other areas relevant to provision of care under
supervision.
Physician Task
15%20% Promoting preventive medicine
and health maintenance
20%35% Understanding mechanisms
of disease
25%40% Establishing a diagnosis
15%25% Applying principles of management
http://www.usmle.org
Sample Step 2 CK test materials and further
information on Step 2 CK test content are
available from your registration entity
and at the USMLE website.
EXAMINATION CONTENT
STEP 2 CLINICAL SKILLS (CS)
United States.
http://www.usmle.org
Further information on Step 2 CS
is available from your registration entity
and at the USMLE website.
STEP 3
Step 3 is organized along two principal dimensions:
clinical encounter frame and physician task (see
Table 4). Step 3 content reflects a data-based model
of generalist medical practice in the United States.
Encounter frames capture the essential features of
circumstances surrounding physicians' clinical activity with patients. They range from encounters with
patients seen for the first time for nonemergency
problems, to encounters with regular patients seen in
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EXAMINATION CONTENT
the context of continued care, to patient encounters in
(life-threatening) emergency situations. Encounters
occur in clinics, offices, skilled nursing care facilities, hospitals, emergency departments, and on the
telephone. Each test item in an encounter frame also
represents one of the six physician tasks. For example, initial care encounters emphasize taking a history
and performing a physical examination. In contrast,
continued care encounters emphasize decisions
regarding prognosis and management.
Initial care
Continued care
Emergency care
Physician Task
8%12%
8%12%
8%12%
8%12%
8%12%
45%55%
http://www.usmle.org
Sample Step 3 test materials and further
information on Step 3 test content
are available from the FSMB
and at the USMLE website.
EXAMINATION CONTENT
infectious/parasitic diseases, injuries/wound/toxic
effects/burns, and health maintenance issues.
Presenting locations include the outpatient office,
emergency department, inpatient unit, intensive care
unit, and the patient's home.
11
http://www.usmle.org
Note: The test descriptions provided here, including test length and number of test items or cases,
may be changed at any time. Notice of any
changes will be posted at the USMLE website.
The sample materials available for the practice session will continue to appear in the Prometric software
until further notice. If you wish to practice with the
NBME FRED test delivery software (the software
used in the actual examination), you should use the
2007 sample materials available on the USMLE website and on the USMLE orientation CD. It is expected
that the sample materials used for the practice sessions will be available in the FRED software in fall
2006.
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APPLICATION MATERIALS
If you meet the eligibility requirements on page 3,
you can apply for Step 1, Step 2 CK and CS, or Step
3. Applications are available from the appropriate
registration entity. You must use current application
materials to apply.
If you are unable to take the test within your eligibility period, contact your registration entity to inquire
about a one-time contiguous three-month eligibility
period extension. A fee is charged for this service.
Visit your registration entitys website for more information. If you do not take the test within your original or extended eligibility period and wish to take it
in the future, you must reapply by submitting a new
application and fee(s).
http://www.prometric.com
Use the Prometric website for
up-to-date information on the locations
of Prometric Test Centers and to schedule
an appointment.
When you apply for Step 2 CS you are assigned a 12month eligibility period that begins when processing
of your application is completed. A Scheduling
Permit with instructions for making a testing appointment is issued to you.
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16
17
SCHEDULING STEP 2 CS
A schedule for reporting Step 2 CS results is available on the USMLE website. Please refer to this calendar before scheduling a test appointment if you
need your results by a specific deadline.
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Summary of Process
In summary, to take Steps 1, 2 CK, 2 CS, and 3, you must meet the eligibility requirements shown on page 3
and do the following:
Contact the appropriate registration entity for application materials (see page 32).
Complete your application materials and submit them to your registration entity.
Obtain a Scheduling Permit verifying your eligibility and authorizing you to schedule the examination.
Follow the instructions on your Scheduling Permit to schedule your test date(s) at a specific Prometric
Test Center (for Step 1, Step 2 CK, and Step 3) or CSEC center (for Step 2 CS).
On the scheduled test date(s) and at the scheduled time, bring to the test center your Scheduling Permit
and the required identification.
Take the test.
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TESTING
3 differ from those for Step 2 CS. Also, for Step 2
CS, you should understand that the entire testing session from orientation until the evaluation is completed, including all breaks, is considered a closed and
secure testing session, and that the entire test center,
including the orientation room and the restrooms, is a
secure testing area. Therefore the rules regarding
unauthorized possession during Step 2 CS extend to
the orientation room and to all breaks.
Test center staff are not authorized to answer questions from examinees regarding examination content,
testing software, or scoring.
If staff observe you violating test administration rules
or engaging in other forms of irregular behavior during
an examination, the center staff will not necessarily tell
you of the observation at the time of the examination.
Test center staff are required to report such incidents to
the USMLE program; each report is fully investigated.
PERSONAL ITEMS
Unauthorized possession of personal items while in
the secure areas of the testing centers may lead to a
finding of irregular behavior and permanent annotation of your USMLE transcript. It is important that
you read and understand the rules regarding personal possessions; the rules for Steps 1, 2 CK, and
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TESTING
Rules of Conduct
When you apply to take the USMLE, you are agreeing to the following Rules of Conduct:
1. You are the person named on the Scheduling Permit for the examination.
2. You will not give, receive, or obtain any form of unauthorized assistance during the examination or
during breaks.
3. You will not have in your possession any formulas, study materials, notes, papers, or electronic devices of
any kind unless you are out of the secure areas of the center.
4. You will place in a locker or cubicle all personal belongings, including cellular telephones, watches, pagers,
personal digital assistants (PDAs), formulas, study materials, notes, papers, and your purse or wallet, before
you enter the testing room (or Orientation Room for Step 2 CS).
5. During the computer-based examinations (Steps 1, 2 CK, and 3), you will not leave your testing station for
breaks unless the break screen is visible on your monitor. It will be considered a violation of the Rules of
Conduct if you indicate on the center log that your break screen is visible when it is not.
6. During computer-based testing (Steps 1, 2 CK, and 3) you may use a telephone or other communication
device only during an authorized break. You may not use it for any purpose related to test content.
During Step 2 CS you may not use a telephone at any time while you are in the testing center.
7. You will not remove materials in any form (written, printed, recorded, or any other type) from the
test center.
8. All examination materials remain the property of the USMLE parent organizations, and you will maintain
the confidentiality of the materials, including the multiple-choice items, and the case content for Step 2 CS
and Primum CCS. You will not reproduce or attempt to reproduce examination materials through
memorization or any other means. Also, you will not provide information relating to examination content
that may give or attempt to give unfair advantage to individuals who may be taking the examination. This
includes postings regarding examination content and/or answers on the Internet.
If you violate these Rules of Conduct, you may be directed to leave the test center before you complete the examination. Also, evidence of violation of any test administration rule, including these
Rules of Conduct, will result in actions being taken under USMLE policies and procedures on irregular behavior. If you are found to have engaged in irregular behavior, your score report and transcripts will include this finding, and you may be barred from taking the USMLE in the future.
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TESTING
tion of the USMLE, including video and audio monitoring and recording, and use of digital cameras to
record the identity of examinees.
passport,
driver's license with photograph,
national identity card,
other form of unexpired, government-issued
identification,
ECFMG-issued identification card.
http://www.prometric.com
Use the Prometric Test Center Locator for
directions to Prometric Test Centers.
TESTING
that a technical problem may occur that does not permit you to complete your examination. In the rare
event that this occurs, please send a written description of the incident to Test Administration Services at
the NBME (refer to Test Administration
Problems/Inquiries for details). Your problem will be
thoroughly investigated, and if necessary, arrangements will be made to allow you to test at a later date
at no additional charge.
Test center staff will escort you to your assigned testing station and provide brief instructions on use of
the computer equipment. You must enter your CIN to
start the examination. You may then take a brief tutorial prior to starting the first test block.
Completing the Test
Once you begin a block of the test, no authorized
breaks are provided during the block. Each block
lasts approximately 30 to 60 minutes. During blocks,
the block and daytime clocks continue to run even if
you leave the testing room, (e.g., for a personal emergency). If you leave during a block, the test center
staff will report that fact as an irregular incident. In
addition, the unauthorized break screen, described
in the examination tutorial, may appear on the monitor at your workstation during a testing block. As
explained in the tutorial, the unauthorized break
screen will appear after a defined period of inactivity
(no mouse click or key entry). Thirty seconds prior
to the unauthorized break, an inactivity timeout
warning will appear. If you do not click as instructed
on the warning screen, the unauthorized break screen
will appear after 30 seconds. You will then have to
enter your CIN in order to continue with the examination. Each time you leave the testing room, you
are required to sign out and sign in when you return.
You must present your identification each time you
sign in. Each block ends when its time expires or
when you exit from it.
If you start to test and elect not to complete the examination, the attempt may appear as an incomplete
examination on your USMLE transcript (see
Examination Results and Scoring for further details).
How Break Time Works
Your entire testing session is scheduled for a fixed
amount of time. The computer keeps track of your
overall time and the time allocated for each block of
the test. At the start of the testing session, you have a
total of 45 minutes of break time. This allotment of
time is used for authorized breaks between blocks and
is also used to make transitions between items and
blocks. Authorized breaks include any time taken
between test blocks whether you take a brief break at
your seat or you leave the testing room. If you complete the tutorial or other blocks of the test early, the
remaining time will be available as break time. It will
not be available to complete other blocks of the test.
The test session ends when you have started and exited
all sections or the total time for the test expires. You
will sign out as you leave the test center, hand in the
laminated writing surfaces, and receive a notice that
you appeared for the test. If your test is scheduled for
multiple days, your Scheduling Permit will be returned
to you for use at check-in on the following day(s).
TESTING
Once you enter the secure area of the test center
(beginning with the orientation), you may not
leave that area until the examination has been
completed. The examination lasts about 8 hours.
Two breaks are provided (one 30-minute
break and one 15-minute break). A light meal is
provided during the first break; however, you
may bring your own food (provided that no
refrigeration or preparation is required).
STEP 2 CS
The time you should arrive at the testing center is
listed on the confirmation notice you will print after
scheduling your appointment. If you arrive during the
on-site orientation, you may be allowed to test; however, you will be required to sign a Late Admission
Form. If you arrive after the on-site orientation, you
will not be allowed to test. You will have to reschedule your testing appointment and will be required to
pay the rescheduling fee. If you start to test and elect
not to complete the examination, the attempt may
appear as an incomplete examination on your
USMLE transcript.
25
For Step 2 CS, examinees are assessed on their datagathering and communication skills (including spoken English) by the standardized patient, and on their
ability to complete an appropriate patient note by
physician raters. Performance on Step 2 CS is reported as pass or fail, with no numerical score.
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SCORE RECHECKS
For Steps 1, 2 CK, and 3, standard quality assurance
procedures ensure that the scores reported for you
accurately reflect the responses recorded by the computer. When a score recheck is received, your original response record is retrieved and rescored using a
system that is outside of the normal processing routine. The rechecked score is then compared with your
original score.
For Step 3, your performance on the case simulations will affect your Step 3 score and could affect
whether you pass or fail. The proportional contribution of the score on the case simulations is no
greater than the amount of time you are allowed for
the case simulations.
SCORE REPORTING
After taking Step 1, 2 CK, or Step 3, you should
allow at least eight weeks after your test date to
receive your score report. For Step 2 CS results, you
should refer to the Step 2 CS Schedule for Reporting
Results (www.usmle.org). If you do not receive your
original score report or you receive a damaged score
report, a request for a duplicate score report will be
honored up to 90 days after your score report release
date. You must make your request to the entity that
registered you for the test. If more than 90 days have
passed since your score report release date, scores
will be reported to you only in the form of a USMLE
transcript after you submit a signed request and pay
the required fee.
Recipient of Transcript
Contact
(see page 32)
FSMB
Any recipient
FSMB
ECFMG
Any recipient other than a medical
licensing authority
NBME
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VALIDITY OF SCORES
The USMLE program assures the validity of scores
reported for USMLE examinations by every means
available. Your scores may be classified as indeterminate if the scores are at or above the passing level
and the USMLE program cannot certify that they
represent a valid measure of your knowledge or competence as sampled by the examination. The USMLE
program may make such a determination when aberrancies in performance are detected for which there is
no reasonable and satisfactory explanation. A classification of indeterminate may result from irregular
behavior (see following section) or from other factors, such as unexplained inconsistency in performance within a Step or Step Component or between
takes of the same Step or Step Component.
After review and analysis of all available information, scores will be classified as valid and will be
reported, or scores will be classified as indeterminate.
If the scores are classified as indeterminate, you will
be advised of the options for retaking the examination. Scores classified as indeterminate do not appear
on your transcript; rather, an annotation indicates that
the scores were classified as indeterminate. Scores
classified as indeterminate will not be reported to
anyone. Anyone who has received a report of scores
that are later classified as indeterminate will be notified of the indeterminate classification. The USMLE
Policies and Procedures Regarding Indeterminate
30
If information received suggests that irregular behavior has occurred, statistical analyses may be conducted and additional information may be gathered.
Information about the irregular behavior will be provided to third parties that receive or have received
your USMLE transcript. Such information may also
be provided to other legitimately interested entities. If
it is determined that the irregular behavior is egregious and/or threatens the integrity of the examination system, you may be barred from future USMLE
examinations and/or special administrative procedures may be implemented for your future examinations. The USMLE program also reserves the right to
take such actions when information regarding behavior of examinees on predecessor examinations indicates such actions may be necessary to ensure the
security of the USMLE.
31
Examination
Type of Applicant
Step 1
or
Step 2
(CK or CS)
NBME
Examinee Support Services
3750 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104-3190
Website: http://www.nbme.org
Telephone: (215) 590-9700
Fax: (215) 590-9457
E-mail: [email protected]
Step 1
or
Step 2
(CK or CS)
ECFMG
3624 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104-2685
Website: http://www.ecfmg.org
Telephone: (215) 386-5900
Fax: (215) 386-9196
E-mail: [email protected]
FSMB
Department of Examination Services
PO Box 619850
Dallas, TX 75261-9850
Website: http://www.fsmb.org
Telephone: (817) 868-4041
Fax: (817) 868-4098
E-mail: [email protected]
or
Medical licensing authority
(see pages 3338)
Step 3
http://www.usmle.org
32
GENERAL INQUIRIES
Complete information on the USMLE is available at
the USMLE website. General inquiries regarding the
USMLE or inquiries for the USMLE Secretariat may
be directed to the NBME (see page 32) or the
USMLE Secretariat:
http://www.prometric.com
Use the Prometric Test Center Locator for
up-to-date information on the locations
of Prometric Test Centers.
USMLE Secretariat
3750 Market Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104-3190
Telephone: (215) 590-9700
33
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