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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

MEMORIAL

INAUGURATION OF THE STATUE

FRANKLIN.

PREPARED AND PRINTED

BY AUTHORITY OF THE CITY COUNCIL,
BOSTON.
1857.

THENEWYORK

PUBLIC LIBRARV

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PREFACE.

IN complying with the invitation of the Committee of the

City Council, and the Statue Committee, to prepare an account
of the work of art now standing in the public square in front
of City Hall, together with a memorial of the ceremonies
attending its inauguration on the seventeenth of September
last, the editor of the following pages was prompted by a
willingness to bestow his part towards the tribute so justly
rendered to the memory of Boston's most remarkable son,
and to do something, however humble,,.towards '.perpetuating
one of the greatest demonstrations ever- -witnessed within- the
**a j *
" j
limits of his native city.
Without the assistance that has been most freely given,
and the information which has been liberally communicated,
the task would have been one of the most difficult accomplish
ment : and, but for the admirable reports of the public press,
and the minute description of details thus preserved, much
that was interesting on the occasion, and worthy of remem
brance, would have been irrecoverably lost. From the news
papers, and other journals of the day, those faithful chroniclers
of passing events, and from the records of various committees,
societies and associations, much that will be found in the
accompanying pages has been derived.
(3)

PREFACE.

It was the object of the compiler however well or ill

it has been accomplished to be faithful to fact, and to ren
der impartial justice to all who participated in the memo
rable event, or who lent aid to its successful achievement;
and if he has failed, through inadequacy, or the meagrenesa
of material, of describing any notable particular, or of giving
sufficient prominence to any essential feature of the grand
occasion, it is hoped that the deficiency will not be attributed
to any intent to undervalue the part taken by any one.
The typographical execution of this memorial requires no
commendation. It is all that could be wished, and such aa
should have been expected from the place of Franklin's birth.
The engravings that accompany certain descriptions are the
best endeavors at faithful representations of a few objects of
a transitory character, that without this attempt might, per
chance, in a few years have been beyond remembrance and
the>::.:''
.powpf .of portrayal,
'::::' i\:':.
N. B. S.

' BOSTON. MAT; 185-f/

*

'

CONTENTS.

INAUGURATION OP THE STATUE OP FRANKLIN

11

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS

13

PROCEEDINGS OF TOE CITY COUNCIL

13

Communication from the Mayor

Letter of the Committee of Fifty
Appointment of Committee of Arrangements
Report of Committee of Arrangements
PROCEEDINGS or THE COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS

13
14
16
17
...

19

The Committee of Arrangements

Sub-Committees
Letter of Farnham Plummer, Esq
Reply of Col. Thompson
Letter of Invitation
Chief Marshal's Notice to Societies
Proceedings of the Mechanics
Proceedings of the Franklin Medal Scholars,
Proceedings of the Board of Trade
Chief Marshal's Notice to Subordinates
Advertisement of Committee of Arrangements
Names of the Marshals
Order of Procession
Col. Chickering's Notice to Mechanic Association ....
Notice of Grand Marshal of Grand Lodge of Massachusetts

19
20
21
22
26
28
29
34
38
39
45
46
47
61
68

CONTENTS.

DECORATIONS

75

DECORATIONS ON THE ROUTE

Tremont Street, north of the Masonic Temple
Court Street, to Washington Street

78
....

Washington Street, below State Street

Dock Square
Union Street
Haymarket Square and Blackstone Street
Clinton Street
Commercial Street
South Market Street
Merchants Row and State Street
Washington Street, from State to Milk Street ....
Milk Street
Federal Street
Franklin Street and Franklin Place
Washington Street, South of Franklin Street
Dover Street
Tremont Street, from Dover to Pleasant Street ....
Pleasant Street
Charles Street and Beacon Street
School Street
The City Hall

PEOCESSION
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The

Vanguard
Military Escort
Boston Fire Department
First Division
Second Division
Third Division
Fourth Division
Fifth Division
Sixth Division
Seventh Division
Eighth Division
Ninth Division
., , ,

79
83
84

86
87
90
92
93
94
95
96
99
106
108
110
117
120
121
122
123
124

129
133
133
136
143
146
169
188
198
202
204
206
207

CONTENTS.

INAUGURAL SERVICES

215

Voluntary and Chorus

Prayer by Rev. Dr. Blagden
Inaugural Oration by Hon. Mr. Winthrop
Ode by James T. Fields, Esq
Presentation Address by F. W. Lincoln, Jr., Esq.
. . .
Address of Reception by His Honor Mayor Rice ....
Masonic Ceremonies and Address
Telegraphic Announcement and Responses
Doxology and Benediction

CLOSE OF THE FESTIVAL

307

Parade and Display of the Fire Department

Illuminations
Entertainments

307
311
312

FINAL PROCEEDINGS

319

Proceedings of the City Council

Proceedings of the Committee of Arrangements
Presentation to the Chief Marshal

319
321
321

APPENDIX
History of the Franklin Statue
Description of the Statue
Notice of the Artist
Letters in Answer to Invitations,
List of Contributors

215
216
219
274
275
287
295
297
301

327

...

327
374
377
380
386

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

INAUGURATION

STATUE OF

FRANKLIN

IN BOSTON.

THE BRONZE STATUE of BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, " the great

Bostonian," was inaugurated with becoming ceremonies,
on the seventeenth day of September, 1856, the two
hundred and twenty-sixth municipal birth-day of Boston,
the place of nativity and early education of this worldrenowned philosopher, and after a lapse of one hundred
and fifty years from the tune of his birth.
The general display and ceremonies on this inter
esting occasion were of a most imposing character,
surpassing anything of the kind ever before witnessed
in Boston. The weather was extremely propitious for
the undertaking throughout the whole of the day ; and
nothing occurred to mar the pleasure or dampen the
ardor of those participating in this act of filial duty,
performed in commemoration of Boston's most widely
known and most honored son.

12

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

The arrangements on the occasion were ample,

judicious, well devised, and carefully perfected; and
were carried out in a very satisfactory manner, by the
numerous persons to whom they were committed, and
upon whom depended, in great measure, the success of
the whole affair.
The statue had been designed, modelled and cast
under the direction and supervision of a committee
of fifty gentlemen, appointed for the purpose by the
Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, from
their own number and from the citizens of Boston and
its immediate vicinity; and the expenses consequent
upon the same had been collected through the same
committee, with the cooperation of many persons
and associations interested in the undertaking, by
subscriptions obtained from the community at large.
The proceedings in relation to this memorable event
in the history of the city, will be narrated in detail in
the following pages.

PKELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE CITY COUNCIL.

AT a meeting of the BOARD OF ALDERMEN of the CITY

of BOSTON, held at the City Hall, on Monday, the
twenty-eighth day of April, A. D. 1856:
PRESENT,
Pelham Bonney, Chairman,
Timothy C. Kendall,
Farnham Plummer,
William H. Calrow,
Otis Rich,
George W. Torrey,
John T. Dingley,
James Cheever,
Robert Codman, and
Osmyn Brewster,
Eben Jackson, Esqs.
The following communication and accompanying let
ter, relating to the Franklin Statue, were received from
his Honor, the Mayor.
MAYOR'S OFFICE, CITY HALL,

BOSTON, APRIL 28, 1856.

To the Hon. City Council.
GENTLEMEN: I have the honor herewith to trans
mit to the City Council a communication from a sub

14

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

committee of the Franklin Statue Committee, which I

beg to commend to your early and favorable consider
ation, in such manner as shall be deemed expedient.
Very respectfully,
ALEXANDER H. RICE, Mayor.
The letter received from the sub-committee and trans
mitted by his Honor, the Mayor, to the City Council,
was as follows :
BOSTON, APRIL 25, 1856.
His Honor ALEXANDER H. RICE,
Mayor of Boston.

DEAR SIR : It has been unanimously decided by

the Committee of Fifty having charge of the subject,
that, if satisfactory arrangements can be made for the
purpose with the proper authorities, the STATUE of
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, now in process of completion
under the auspices of the MASSACHUSETTS CHARITABLE
MECHANIC ASSOCIATION, and of other citizens of Boston
and its vicinity, shall be placed in the grounds con
nected with the City Hall, in School Street, and shall be
delivered up to the custody of the municipal govern
ment, as soon as it is ready for inauguration.
It has also been decided, that, unless some unforeseen
obstacle shall present itself, the inauguration of the
statue shall take place on our municipal birth-day, the
seventeenth day of September next.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

15

The undersigned, in behalf of the general committee

and by their direction, have now the honor to com
municate to you these decisions, with the request that
they may be laid before the City Council for their
concurrence.
Should the subject be favorably entertained by the
City Council, it will afford the undersigned sincere
gratification to cooperate with them in any measures
which may be desirable for doing honor to the memory
of the great Bostonian ; and it is hoped that such
arrangements may be seasonably concerted as shall
insure the security of this noble work of art, give
satisfaction to those who have generously contributed
towards procuring it, and be worthy of the character
of the city.
We have the honor to be, Mr. Mayor,
Very respectfully and faithfully,
Your obedient servants,
FREDERIC W. LINCOLN, JR.,
DAVID SEARS,
ROBERT C. WINTHROP,
STEPHEN FAIRBANKS,
HENRY N. HOOPER,
JARED SPARKS,
THOMAS G. APPLETON.

1C

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Agreeably to the request signified in the above

communications
Aldermen FAHNHAM PLUMMER,
OSMYN BREWSTER, and
GEORGE W. TORREY,
with such as the Common Council may join, were
appointed a Committee of Arrangements on the part
of the city government for the occasion.

At a special meeting of the COMMON COUNCIL, held on

Wednesday evening, the twentieth day of April, Joseph
Story, Esq., President, pro tern., in the chair, the above
action of the Board of Aldermen was concurred in, and
Messrs. FREDERIC L. WASHBURN,
WILLIAM PARKMAN,
JONAS H. FRENCH, and
JOSEPH STORY,
were joined to the committee.
Subsequently, on
the fifth of June following, Mr. JOSEPH BUCKLEY was
appointed a member of the committee, on the part of
the Common Council, in the place of Mr. Washbum,
who had resigned.
On the ninth of June, 1856, the special committee
of the City Council submitted the following report
with the accompanying preamble and resolutions.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

17

CITY OF BOSTON.
In Board of Aldermen, June 9, 1856.
The Joint Special Committee to whom was referred
the communication of Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., David
Sears, Robert C. Winthrop, Stephen Fairbanks, Henry
N. Hooper, Jared Sparks, and Thomas G. Appleton,
relative to a statue of Benjamin Franklin, having con
sidered the subject and conferred with the parties,
respectfully recommend the passage of the accom
panying preamble and resolutions.
For the Committee,
FARNHAM PLTJMMER, Clmirman.
CITY OF BOSTON.
In Board of Aldermen, June 9, 1856.
Whereas a communication has been received by the
City Council, from Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., President
of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association,
David Sears, Robert C. Winthrop, Stephen Fairbanks,
Henry N. Hooper, Jared Sparks, and Thomas G.
Appleton, in behalf of the subscribers for a statue of
Benjamin Franklin, proposing to place said statue
under the guardianship of the City, and within the
grounds connected with the City Hall, in case satisfac
tory arrangements for that purpose should receive the
sanction of the city authorities :

18

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Be it now Resolved, by the Board of Aldermen and

Common Council, that the custody and guardianship
of the statue of Franklin are gratefully accepted and
undertaken by his native city, and that a place be
assigned for its reception and permanent ___location
between the line of School Street and a line not less
than sixty feet from the present line of the City Hall,
and in front of the centre of said Hall.
Resolved further, that should the City hereafter
propose and adopt such improvements or alterations in
the use or occupation of the present City Hall lot, as
shall render the removal of the statue expedient or
necessary, said statue shah1 be removed by the City to
such place as may be approved of by the Mayor of
Boston, the President of the Massachusetts Charitable
Mechanic Association, the President of the American
Academy of Arts and Sciences, the President of the
Massachusetts Historical Society, the President of
the Massachusetts Humane Society, and the President
of the Boston Board of Trade, for the time being, or a
majority of them.
And it is hereby agreed, that the persons who from
time to time may hold the permanent offices thus desig
nated, shall constitute a board to whom any matters
touching the preservation, condition or removal of the
statue, at any time hereafter, may be referred, on the
part of those who have contributed to its erection.
Resolved further, that the joint special committee

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

19

now having this matter in charge, in concert with the

committee on behalf of the subscribers, have full
power to prepare the site which has been selected for
the reception of the statue, and to make arrangements
for all such ceremonies as may be appropriate for its
inauguration, on the seventeenth of September next, or
on such other day as may be substituted therefor.
Passed.

Sent down for concurrence.

PELHAM BONNET, Chairman.
In Common Council, June 12, 1856.

Concurred.
OLIVER STEVENS, President.
Approved. June 14, 1856.
ALEXANDER H. RICE, Mayor.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMITTEE OP ARRANGEMENTS.

THE committee appointed by the City Council to

make arrangements for the inauguration of the statue
of Franklin, consisting of
Aldermen FARNHAM PLUMMER,
OSMYN BREWSTER,
GEORGE W. TORRET,

20

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Councilmen JOSEPH BUCKLEY,

WILLIAM PARKMAN,
JONAS II. FRENCH,
JOSEPH STORY,
held their first meeting on the second day of August,
1856, John L. Swift, Esq., acting as Clerk.
On invitation of the joint special committee of the
City Council, his Honor ALEXANDER H. RICE, Mayor of
the City, attended the deliberations of the Committee
of Arrangements, and gave his personal and o racial
cooperation.
The chairman submitted an outline of arrangements
appropriate for the occasion; and various sub-com
mittees were appointed, which, with those subsequently
formed, were as in the following schedule :

SUB-COMMITTEES.
ON THE FOUNDATION FOR THE STATUE:

Messrs. Brewster, Parkman and Buckley.

ON THE MILITARY:
Messrs. Torrey, French and Parkman.
ON INVITATIONS:
Messrs. Plummer, Story and French.
ON THE PROGRAM:
Messrs. Brewster, Buckley and Story.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

21

ON THE ROUTE:
Messrs. Plummer, Parkman and French.
ON THE PLATFORM AND STAGE :

Messrs. Torrey, Buckley and Parkman.

ON ILLUMINATION AND DECORATIONS:

Messrs. Plummer, Story and French.

ON MUSIC:
Messrs. Brewster, French and Story.
ON THE ACCOMMODATION OF GUESTS:

Messrs. Torrey, Buckley and Parkman.

COMMITTEE OF RECEPTION :

The Mayor, and

Messrs. Torrey, Buckley and Parkman.
To the abovenamed sub-committees, various matters
of detail were referred from tune to tune, as they
occurred.
At a meeting of the Committee of Arrangements,
held on the nineteenth of August, the sub-committee
on invitations were requested to invite Col. Newell A.
Thompson to officiate as Chief Marshal on the occasion.
In consequence of which, Alderman Plummer addressed
to that gentleman the following note :
CITY HALL, AUGUST 20, 1856.
MY DEAR SIR: The Committee of the City Coun
cil, on the inauguration of the statue of Benjamin

22

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Franklin, have, with entire unanimity, chosen you to

assist on that occasion as Chief Marshal. Hoping this
appointment may be alike consistent with your duties
and feelings,
I am, with respect,
Your Obedient Servant,
FARNHAM PLUMMER, Chairman.
Col. N. A. Thompson.
To the invitation of the committee, Col. Thompson,
accepting the appointment, promptly replied in the
foliowing words:

OLD STATE HOUSE, AUGUST 20, 1856.

MY DEAR SIR: I have just received your note of
this morning, informing me that the committee charged
with the duty of making the necessary arrangements
for the inauguration of the statue of Benjamin Franklin,
on the 17th prox., have chosen me to act as Chief
Marshal on that occasion.
Please tender to the committee my thanks for this
very flattering token of their confidence, and assure
them that it will afford me great pleasure to render
them all the assistance in my power; although in
accepting the position I cannot but feel that the choice
of the committee might have fallen upon one more com
petent than myself to discharge the various and very

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

23

important duties which must necessarily devolve upon

the Chief Marshal on the occasion referred to.
I am, dear Sir,
Yours, very truly,
N. A. THOMPSON.
Farnham Plummer, Esq., Chairman, &c., &c.

The Committee of Arrangements proceeded forth

with in the formation and perfecting of plans for car
rying out the objects of their appointment; and were
largely assisted by the Chief Marshal, whose services
they had opportunely secured.
Measures were taken very early to secure a large
and full attendance of the members of the various
mechanical trades, in their accustomed working apparel,
and in the ordinary pursuit of their different occupa
tions, and for this purpose the expense of the motive
power was liberally offered to be borne by the city.
The First Brigade of the Massachusetts Volunteer
Militia, under command of Brigadier General Samuel
Andrews, was invited to do escort duty.
His Excellency the Governor of the Commonwealth,
withhis suite and body guard, the Independent Corps
of Cadets, commanded by Lt. Col. Thomas C. Amory,
was requested to unite in the procession and be present
at the ceremonies of inauguration.
The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, the
oldest military organization in the country, chartered

24

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

by the colonial government of Massachusetts in 1638,

was also invited to take part in the procession. The
request was promptly complied with, and the necessary
steps for that purpose were taken by their commander,
Hon. Marshall P. Wilder.
The officers and members of the Boston Fire Depart
ment were invited to appear in the procession, in an
honorable position, to be full-dressed in then- holiday
uniforms, with their fire engines, hooks and ladders,
and hose and carriages, together with such other appa
ratus as appertains to firemen ; and in order to excite
greater interest, and insure a fuller attendance, the
Firemen's Annual Parade, which was to have taken
place at a much earlier date, was deferred from the
usual time to the day of the inauguration of the statue.
Suitable and very advantageous arrangements were
made with the various railroad corporations, for the
special and cheap conveyance of passengers, to and
from the city, in order to give strangers from the
country, and those who resided at a distance from thenplaces of business, facilities and favorable opportunities
for being present on the occasion, either to take part in
the procession, or to witness the proceedings.
The Franklin Typographical Society was particu
larly requested to invite printers, throughout the United
States to take part in the ceremonies, and add to the
interest of the occasion, which was for the honor of one
who had been a distinguished member of the craft.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

25

Instrumental music was most liberally provided for

the procession, for the ceremonies and for the evening ;
and, in order to supply the large demand, consequent
upon the great number and length of the divisions, was,
in addition to the numerous bands of this city, procured
from many sources out of Boston.
The ringing of bells and the firing of salutes were
amply provided for, by the Committee of Arrangements,
and by the Chief Marshal.
A solid granite foundation for sustaining the pedestal
of the statue was laid, in workmanlike manner, by Mr.
Francis B. Winter, mason ; and the necessary platforms
and stages for those taking part in the exercises, and
for a multitude of persons, of both sexes, to witness the
ceremonies, were erected by Mr. Julian 0. Mason, car
penter, under the immediate direction of the several
sub-committees.
Circulars were adopted and widely distributed, invit- ,
ing the participation of societies, associations, and all
organized bodies of men, whose presence in the pro
cession would be appropriate ; the teachers and pupils
of the schools, public and private; the students of
Harvard College, undergraduates, and those connected
with the professional schools ; the Franklin medal
scholars of Boston; those who had received the
Lawrence Prizes, at the Latin and English High
Schools, &c.
Suitable equipments and badges were provided for
4

26

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

the marshals, aids, and assistants, and appropriate

banners for the various divisions and portions of the
procession.
The route for the procession, as suggested by the
Chief Marshal, was adopted, taking in the places of
interest having connection with Franklin's residence in
Boston, the burial of his parents, and the memorial in
Franklin Place erected about the commencement of the
present century.
An order of exercises, also suggested by the Chief
Marshal, and which will be found in his official notice,
was approved by the committee, and persons were
invited to take part in the exercises and ceremonies.
On the twenty-third of August, the Committee of
Arrangements promulgated the following letter of
invitation, which had a wide and general circulation :

CITY OP BOSTON: INAUGURATION OF THE STATUE OF

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN.
The City of Boston, having accepted the care and
custody of a statue of Franklin, executed in bronze,
after a model by Greenough, under the auspices of the
Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, aided by
liberal contributions from citizens at large, propose to
celebrate its inauguration, by imposing ceremonies, on
Wednesday, the seventeenth day of September next.

'

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

27

As the anniversary of the settlement of Boston

occurs on that day, it is designed to make the occasion
a general holiday, and to unite, as far as possible, all
classes of citizens in its observance, embracing the
several mechanic, scientific, literary, charitable and
.^
mercantile associations, recipients of the Franklin
medals since the year 1792, graduates of the Latin,
High, and Grammar Schools of Boston, the various
professions and trades, the military and fire depart
ments, &c.
The ceremonies will consist, in part, of a procession ;
addresses by the Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, Frederic W.
Lincoln, Jr., Esq., President of the Massachusetts Char
itable Mechanic Association, and by His Honor the
Mayor ; prayer by the Rev. George W. Blagden, pastor
of the Old South Church, (in which Franklin was
baptized) ; an original ode, written for the occasion,
by James T. Fields, Esq., to be sung by the pupils
of the public schools; with other appropriate exer
cises.
A place having been assigned for the statue in
front of the City Hall, the grounds will be arranged
for the ceremonies of inauguration, and brilliantly
illuminated during the evening. It is highly import
ant that the various associations, societies, and trades,
intending to join in the procession, should give the
earliest possible notice of such, intention to the Chief

28

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Marshal, Colonel Newell A. Thompson, or to the Com

mittee of Arrangements, at the City HalL
FARNHAM PLUMMER,
OSMYN BREWSTER,
GEORGE W. TORREY,
JOSEPH BUCKLEY,
WILLIAM PARKMAN,
JONAS H. FRENCH,
JOSEPH STORY,

Committee.
City Hall, Boston, August 23, 1856.

In aid and furtherance of the above letter of invi

tation, the Chief Marshal gave publicity to the fol
lowing notice:

CITY OF BOSTON: INAUGURATION OF THE FRANKLIN STATUE.

MARSHAL'S NOTICE.
The Chief Marshal respectfully requests such asso
ciations, societies and other bodies as propose to unite
in the festivities of the seventeenth instant, to give him
notice to that eflect as soon as possible, to enable
him to arrange the order of procession. It will be
quite desirable to have each society mention the date
of its organization.
N. A. THOMPSON, Chief Marshal

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

29

Most of the parties to whom the letter of the

committee was addressed, replied, promising their
cooperation and assistance in carrying out the design
of the committee; and partly in honor of Franklin and
partly for designating the various bodies, badges in
great variety were prepared for the occasion. Engrav
ings of the medallions which Prof. Daniel E. Groux
proposed for commemorating the inauguration were
printed for the use of the citizens generally.
The following notices of meetings of the mechan
ical trades, of the medal scholars, and of the Board of
Trade, will sufficiently illustrate the proceedings of the
various bodies preparatory to joining the procession.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE MECHANICS.

In response to the invitation of the Committee of
Arrangements on the occasion of inaugurating the
statue of Franklin, many gentlemen representing the
different mechanical trades met in the Common Council
Chamber in the City Hall, for the purpose of making
suitable arrangements for participating in the cere
monies attending the inauguration.
The following were the proceedings at the meetings :
BOSTON, SEPTEMBER 1, 1856.
At a meeting of the mechanics called for the pur
pose of taking into consideration the subject of a rep

30

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

resentition of the different trades and professions at

the inauguration of the Franklin Statue on the sev
enteenth instant, Henry N. Hooper was chosen chair
man, and Josiah B. Richardson secretary.
On motion it was voted that a committee be ap
pointed to take such measures as they may deem
proper to bring out the mechanical trades at the inau
guration of the Franklin Statue on the seventeenth
instant, with power to add to their number. And
the following gentlemen were appointed as the com
mittee :
Gilbert Nourse, Dealer in Agricultural Implements.
J. H. Thorndike, Architect.
G. J. F. Bryant, Architect.
Mark Worthley, Boxmaker.
P. Hubbell, Brickmaker.
Lewis Winde, BoatLuilder.
Edward Winsor, Boatbuilder.
John F. Pray, Bootmaker.
Robert Nute, Bootmaker.
Benjamin Bradley, Bookbinder.
J. G. Roberts, Bookbinder.
George Kurtz, Baker.
Frederick W. Morse, Baker.
J. J. Adams, Brush Maker.
William Blake, Brass Founder.
A. J. Gavett, Brass Founder.
D. E. Poland, Carpenter.
Job A. Turner, Carpenter.
Jonas Fitch, Carpenter.
L. Miles Standish, Carpenter.
E. L. Bird, Carriage Builder.
Thomas Goddard, Carriage Builder.
E. C. Leman, Cork Cutter.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

Charles Copeland, Confectioner.

Joseph Clark, Clockmaker.
Edward Howard, Clockmaker.
Charles Emerson, Contractor.
William Beals, Coppersmith.
William F. Tuckerman, Coppersmith.
Benjamin Beal, Coppersmith.
John P. Ober, Cooper.
James Hall, Die Sinker.
Joseph H. Merriam, Die Sinker.
John A. Whipple, Daguerreotypist.
G. M. Silsbee, Daguerreotypist.
John Souther, Engine Builder.
William A. Orcutt, Electrician.
J. E. Hazelton, Furniture Manufacturer.
James G. Blake, Furniture Manufacturer.
William C. Hunneman, Fire Engine Builder.
N. W. Turner, Gas Fixture Manufacturer.
William F. Shaw, Gas Fixture Manufacturer.
J. L. Drew, Gold Beater.
Warren Bacon, Gold Beater.
John Hastings, Gilder.
J. N. Howe, Glass Manufacturer.
P. S. Slane, Glass Manufacturer.
S. G. Pratt, Harness Manufacturer.
Thomas Sprague, Harness Manufacturer.
G. H. Richards, Hatter.
A. Hobbs, House Carver.
S. D. Bates, House Painter.
J. D. Howard, Iron Founder.
J. M. Perrigo, Iron Founder.
Irah Chase, Jr., Iron Furniture Manufacturer.
William E. Coffin, Iron Manufacturer.
R. Crooker, Iron Manufacturer.
J. Fernald, Iron Safe Manufacturer.
Charles Roberts, Iron Safe Manufacturer.
J. M. Ford, Jeweller.
E. Robinson, Locksmith.
George P. Tewksbury, Dealer in Life Preservers.

31

32

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Nathaniel Adams, Mason.

A. Wontworth, Marl Jo Worker.
Charles Torrey, Marble Worker.

J. H. Wilcox, Organ Builder.

Waiiam White, Printer.
Emory N. Moore, Printer.
Isaac Adams, Printing Press and Steam Engine Maker.
Thomas E. Chickering, Piano Forte Manufacturer.
G. H. Davis, Piano Forte Manufacturer.
John Hatchuian, Picture Frame Maker.
William Pearce, Plumber.
L. F. Pollard, Plumber.
Joseph M. Wightman, Philosophical Instrument Maker.
J. It. Bigelow, Paper Hanging Manufacturer.
Zonas Allen, Paper Hanging Manufacturer.
Jonathan 1'eirce, Pump and Block Maker.
Charles S. Hubbard, Hope Maker.
Francis Low, Jr., Rigger.
Holmes Hinkley, Steam Engine Builder.
Harrison Loring, Steam Engine Builder.
Mark Gookins, Steam Engine Builder.
Thomas W. Brown, Shipwright.
Samuel D. Curtis, Shipwright.
Donald McKay, Ship Builder.
J. Pratt, Jr., Ship Builder.
William Griffith, Saw Manufacturer.
J. A. Jackson, Sculptor.
W. B. Gleason, Ship Carver.
Gardner Chilson, Stove and Furnace Manufacturer.
Leopold Herman, Stove and Furnace Manufacturer.
J. W. T. Stodder, Sheet Iron Worker.
T. D. Morris, Sign Painter.
L. Somerby, Sign Painter.
John Farrington, Silversmith.
P. L. Harding, Silversmith.
Joseph L. Ross, School Furniture Manufacturer.
William O. Grover, Sewing Machine Manufacturer.
James E. Root, Sewing Machine Manufacturer.
Elizur Baldwin, Stone Cutter.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

33

J. B. Whitaker, Stone Cutter.

William Marble, Sailmaker.
A. S. Burrell, Sailmaker.
Sewell Phelps, Type Founder.
Moses Sprague, Trunk Maker.
S. N. Neat, Trunk Maker.
J. D. Brown, Tobacconist.
N. Waterman, Tinsmith.
H. E. Armington, Tailor.
James M. Jacobs, Tailor.
James Paul, Upholsterer.
Andrew Lawrence, Upholsterer.
J. B. Richardson, Wrought Iron Pipe Manufacturer.
C. C. Walworth, Wrought Iron Pipe Manufacturer.
Nelson Howe, Dealer in Woodenware.

At an adjourned meeting, held on the fifth of Sep

tember, the following gentlemen were added to the
committee appointed on the first of September :
N. Hunt, Belt Maker.
George H. Marden, Window Shade Maker.
J. Ellison, Window Shade Maker.
S. 0. Aborn, Hatter.
Francis Bush, Hatter.
Thomas Thacher, Jr., Iron Founder.
William H. Howard, Iron Founder.
Antoine Mattel, Confectioner.
Moses Jaquith, Paper Ruler.
R. P. Haines, Paper Ruler.
F. A. Bradford, Wood Turner.
C. C. Coolidge, Wood Turner.
Lewis P. Moody, Papier Mache Manufacturer.
William Tileston, Papier Mache Manufacturer.
Francis Chichi, Statuary Manufacturer.
Paul Garey, Statuary Manufacturer.
George T. Blake, Furniture Manufacturer.
Augustus Eliaers, Furniture Manufacturer.

34:

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL,

A. D. Wood, Furniture Manufacturer.

J. I). Wilde, Furniture Manufacturer.
J. Borrowscale, Slater.
Hugh Riley, Slater.
H. K. Moore, Steam Gauge Manufacturer.

The workmen of the Ames Manufacturing Company,

of Chicopee, were invited to appear in the procession
with the mechanics of Boston.
Members of the committee appointed to represent
the several trades were requested to give as early
notice as possible to Col. Chickering, marshal of the
second division, of their decision to join in the pro
cession.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE FRANKLIN MEDAL SCHOLARS.

The Franklin Medal Scholars held a meeting in City
Hall, on Monday, the eighth day of September, in
compliance with the following notice published in the
newspapers:
CITY OF BOSTON.
To the gentlemen who have received Franklin med
als at the Boston schools, since the year 1792 :
Having been invited by the Committee of Arrange
ments to join in the ceremonies of the inauguration of
a statue of Benjamin Franklin, on the seventeenth of
September, you are respectfully requested to meet at
the Common Council Room, City Hall, on Monday, the

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

35

eighth instant, at half past eight o'clock, P.M., to make

such arrangements as may be deemed suitable to the
occasion.
JAMES SAVAGE,
ISAAC HARRIS,
ROBERT LASH,
ISAAC PARKER,
JAMES C. WILD,
EZRA LINCOLN.
September 2, 1856.
At this meeting it was voted to attend the cere
monies of inauguration, a committee of arrangements
was appointed, and Col. Ezra Lincoln was selected to act
as the chief marshal on the occasion. In consequence
of which, the following notices were made public:
FRANKLIN MEDAL SCHOLARS.
The Franklin Medal Scholars having accepted the in
vitation of the city authorities to unite with the proces
sion on the seventeenth instant, on the occasion of the
inauguration of the Franklin Statue, the undersigned
were appointed a committee to make the necessary
arrangements, and they would extend a cordial invita
tion to all who have been the recipients of Franklin's
medals, from 1792 to 1856, and to all the present and
past masters of the boys' schools, to join with them on
this interesting occasion.
The medal boys, old and young, with their mas

36

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

ters, are invited to meet at the Melodeon, on Washing

ton Street, on Wednesday morning, at eight o'clock, to
give opportunity, before the procession moves, for a
pleasant re-union of old acquaintance.
The badge to be worn on the occasion will be the
Franklin medal, suspended by a blue ribbon, one inch
wide, around the neck.
The committee have made choice of Col. Ezra Lin
coln for chief marshal, who will appoint his aids and
assistants, and take the whole charge of this part of
the procession.
JAMES T. AUSTIN,

BENJAMIN POPE,

JOHN C. PARK,
JOHN C. PRATT,
GEORGE W. MESSENGER,
WILLIAM H. DENNETT,
JOSEPH WEST,
ANDREW T. HALL,
GIDEON F. THAYER,
FREDERICK A. BENSON,
K F. PRATT,

GRANVILLE MEARS,
L. H. BRADFORD,
JOSEPH S. JONES,
WILLIAM S. THACHEB,
ISAAC HARRIS,
EZRA LINCOLN,
F. U. TRACY,
S. H. JENKS,
CHARLES J. MORRELL.

JAMES T. AUSTEN, Chairman.

John C. Pratt, Secretary.
The chief marshal of the Franklin medal scholars
has appointed as aids :
J. Wiley Edmands,
John C. Park,
Andrew T. Hall,
George W. Messinger.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

37

And the following assistant marshals :

J. Thomas Stevenson,
L. H. Bradford,
N. H. Emmons,
Martin L. Bradford,
R A. Bartlett,
Franklin B. Hall,
John C. Pratt,
George H. Gay,
Charles J. Merrill,
William S. Thacher,
Frederick A. Benson,
Charles Hale,
Frederick U. Tracy,
Thomas B. Hall,
Aaron H. Bean,
Francis J. Childs,
Wendell Phillips,
Francis S. Williams,
Bradley N. Cumings,
Samuel H. Gibbens,
Henry S. M'Kean,
Jacob H. Hathorne,
Edward H. Ammidown,
John B. Baker,
John S. Babcock,
Patrick Riley,
Frederick L. Williams,
Charles H. Appleton,
Uriel H. Crocker,
Andrew J. Gavett,
James P. Brewer,
Charles S. Kendall,
F. A. Osborn,
Joseph Gavett,
J. Augustine Hale.
The gentlemen above named will please signify their
acceptance on or before Monday, the fifteenth instant,
to the undersigned, and report themselves at the Melodeon, at eight o'clock, promptly, on the morning of the
seventeenth, in dark clothes and black hats.
EZRA LINCOLN,
Chief Marshal F. M. Scholars.
September 11, 1856.

38

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Previous to this, an order had passed the Board of

School Committee, by which all Franklin medal scholars
who had lost their medals, could, on application, be fur
nished with new ones, at their own expense; thus
enabling many to appear ha the procession with the
proper badge and decoration.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOARD OF TRADE.

The merchants of Boston held a meeting for the pur
pose of taking suitable measures to appear in the
procession, and after transacting the necessary business,
published the following:
BOSTON BOAKD OF TRADE.
Merchants of Boston who would like to participate
with the Board of Trade in the ceremonies of the inau
guration of the statue of Benjamin Franklin, on the
seventeenth instant, are invited to send in their names
to the secretary, at No. 9 Merchants Exchange. Suit
able badges will then be provided for them ; and they
will be proposed for admission as members, at the next
regular meeting of the Government of the Board.
The Board will meet in the reading room of the
Merchants Exchange, at half past nine o'clock, on the
morning of the seventeenth instant. A large number
of the members have already signified their intention

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

39

of being present. It is hoped that all will come, and

that those who have not received their badges will
notify the secretary immediately.
JAMES M. BEEBE,
SAMUEL LAWRENCE,
JAMES LAWRENCE,
JAMES H. BEAL,
WILLIAM J. CUTLER,
ISAAC C. BATES,
Committee of Arrangements.
9 Merchants Exchange, Sept. 12, 1856.

In this stage of the proceedings, the Chief Marshal

promulgated his notice to his aids and assistants, in the
following words:

INAUGURATION OF THE STATUE OP FRANKLIN, BOSTON, SEPTEMBER 17, 1856. NOTICE TO MARSHALS.
The whole corps of mounted marshals will assemble at
the residence of the chief in Boylston Street, west of
Charles Street, on the morning of the seventeenth, at
half past eight o'clock precisely ; and from thence will
proceed in a body to the corner of Park and Tremont
Streets, which point will be the head quarters of the
chief until the procession moves.
On arriving at Park Street, chiefs of divisions and
their aids will proceed at once to the points designated

40

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

in the program for the formation of their respective

divisions, and the assistant marshals will forthwith
report to the chiefs of divisions to which they are
assigned for duty, as follows:
Marshals Dwight B. Hooper and Charles H. Dudley
are assigned to the first division, and will report to
Gen. Tyler, at the State House.
Marshals George F. Woodman, William W. Rhoades.
H. K. Moore, James M. Stevens, and Dexter N. Richards
are assigned to the second division, and will report to
Col. Chickering, in Tremont Street, at the head of West
Street.
Marshals Nathaniel C. Stearns, Luther L. Tarbell,
Amasa N. Cook, and Wm. H. Learned, Jr., are assigned
to the third division, and will report to Captain Rogers,
in Boylston Street, at the corner of Tremont.
Marshals George Greig, Preston A. Ames, William P.
Jones, and Franklin H. Sprague, are assigned to the
fourth division, and will report to Hon. Moses Kimball,
near the head of Tremont Street Mall.
Marshals Joseph D. Coburn and Geo. E. Learned are
assigned to the fifth division, and will report to Major
Tappan, at the easterly end of the Mall leading from
opposite West Street to the Providence Railroad Depot.
Marshals John J. Mann and Edward W. Rowland
are assigned to the sixth division, and will report to
Edmund F. Cutter, Esq., at the southerly end of the
Mall leading from West to Joy Streets.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

41

Marshals Joseph H. Sawyer and George Bush are

assigned to the seventh division, and will report to
Joseph West, Esq., in the Park Street Mall.
Marshals Andrew J. Loud and George A. Batchelder
are assigned to the eighth division, and will report to
Nathaniel Winsor, Jr., Esq., in Winter Street, near the
corner of Tremont.
Marshals Abel Horton, Edmund Boynton, James H.
Long, and Richard B. Everett, are assigned to the fire
department, and will report to Capt. Smith, Chief En
gineer, in West Street, near the corner of Tremont.
It will be their duty to see that the department is
brought into its proper position in the procession, the
moment the military escort wheels into column.
Chiefs of divisions are each requested to appoint a
standard-bearer and two assistants, to take charge of
their respective division banners. These banners have
been provided by the Committee of Arrangements to
designate the points of formation of the several
divisions. They should each be in position at or before
nine o'clock, A.M., and will be borne at the head of
divisions (front of the band) on the line of march.
Chiefs are requested to instruct then- standard-bearers
to preserve a distance of at least twenty feet between
the several divisions.
These banners are at City Hall, subject to the order
of chiefs of divisions.
The marshals will find horse equipments on Tues

42

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

day, sixteenth, at Mr. Joseph S. Read's, Sudbury Street,

which will be delivered upon the written order of each
marshal, who will indicate to Mr. Read the position he
is to occupy in the procession. And the same course
will be pursued in the delivery of chapeaus, batons
and sashes, by Messrs. Bent and Bush.
Formation of the Procession,

As soon as the military escort arrives at its position

in line in Tremont Street, and is ready to receive the
procession, the fire department will move up so as to
occupy a position about twenty paces from its left flank,
and there rest until the brigade wheels into column
and takes up the line of march. The moment the
escort moves, the department will also move, and as
soon as its left flank has wheeled into Tremont Street,
the second division will follow and proceed to a point
about opposite the west side of Park Street, and there
rest until the first division shall have filed out of Park
Street, when the second division will again take up its
line of march and close on to the first division. As
soon as the left flank of the second division arrives
opposite Boylston Street, the third division will be
ready to march, and will at once close op to the second.
When the left flank of the third division arrives oppo
site West Street, the chief marshal of the fourth
division will order his division to move, filing out of
the Park Street gate and into Tremont Street, so as

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

43

to close on to the third division the moment that

division arrives opposite Park Street. As soon as the
left flank of the fourth division uncovers the right of
the fifth division, that division will close on to the
fourth; and the chiefs of the sixth and seventh divi
sions will be prepared to march and close on to pre
ceding divisions with all possible dispatch. As soon as
the seventh division commences to march, the chief
marshal of the eighth division will move out of Winter
Street into Tremont Street, and take position so that
the moment the left flank of the seventh division
wheels into Tremont Street, the eighth will be ready to
close on to that division, and thus complete the for
mation of the entire procession without delay.
Disposal of the Procession.

When the head of the procession arrives in School

Street, the military escort will come into line, with its
left flank resting at Tremont Street. While the troops
are making this movement, the procession will still
continue its line of march, the fire department
wheeling to the right and passing up Tremont Street
towards the Common. The first division will then pass
down School Street, and into the enclosure in front of
City Hall, where Chief Marshal Stevenson and his
assistants will receive the City Government and its
guests, and conduct them to their appropriate seats on
the platform. As soon as the first division passes into

44

FRANKLIN STATUS MEMORIAL.

School Street, the second division will wheel to the

right into Tremont Street, pass off towards the Common,
and disperse. The third division will then follow on
in regular order, passing up or down Tremont Street, as
may be most convenient. The fourth division, when
its head arrives at Tremont Street, will open to the
right and left, and the officers of the Grand Lodge will
proceed, under escort of the De Molay Encampment of
Templars, to the enclosure in front of City Hall, and
the chief marshal of that division and his aids will
conduct the Grand Master and his associates to the
platform. The remainder of that division will pass off
at Tremont Street to the Masonic Temple, and be dis
missed ; and all other divisions, alternately, as they
arrive at Tremont Street, will pass off either up or
down Tremont Street, as may be most convenient to
them, and be dismissed.
After delivering up the procession, the several
mounted marshals will dismount, dispose of their horsesand proceed to the platform or not, as may be most
agreeable to them ; but immediately after the close of
the ceremonies of inauguration, they, together with
the marshals serving on the platform, will meet the
Chief Marshal and Committee of Arrangements at the
Tremont House.
The Chief Marshal relies upon the utmost punctu
ality and dispatch on the part of those who have done
him the honor to accept posts of duty on this inter-;

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENT

45

esting occasion ; and pledges himself to cooperate with

them in carrying out the arrangements of the day in a
manner alike honorable to the memory of that illus
trious statesman and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin,
and to the city of his birth.
N. A. THOMPSON, Chief Marshal
Boston, September 12, 1856.

' The Committee of Arrangements, in conjunction

with the Chief Marshal, then caused the following
advertisement to be published in the newspapers,
thereby giving to the public all the information
necessary to a sufficient comprehension of the whole
subject relating to the inauguration of the statue:

CITY OF BOSTON: CEREMONIES AT THE INAUGURATION OF THE

STATUE OF FRANKLIN, SEPTEMBER 17, 1856.
COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS.
FAKNHAM PLUMMER,

JOSEPH BUCKLEY,

OSMYN BREWSTER,

JONAS H. FRENCH,

GEORGE W. TORREY,

WILLIAM PARKMAN,

JOSEPH STORT.
At sunrise and at the close of the ceremonies of inauguration, the
bells of the city will be rung for one hour, and salutes will be fired.
In the forenoon a procession will be formed under the direction of Col.
NEWELL A. THOMPSON, Chief Marshal of the day, assisted by the fol-

46

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

lowing named gentlemen who have been appointed to act as Aids, Chiefs
of Divisions, Aids to Chiefs of Divisions, and Assistant Marshals, viz.:
Otis Kimball,
Seth E. Brown,
William S. King,
C. Allen Richards,
Gen. James Dana,
J. Edward Dodd,
James Dennie, Jr.
William W. Baker,
William W. Clapp, Jr.
G. G. Kidder,
E. W. Pike,
Dr. H. I. Bowditch,
George Dickinson,
Joseph F. Hovey,
George F. Woodman,
Alexander Boyd,
D. F. McGilvray,
A. N. Cook,
E. W. Rowland,
J. Willard Rice,
Gen. John S. Tyler,
John J. Mann,
Col. Thomas E. Checkering,
William W. Rhoades,
Capt. Charles 0. Rogers,
William P. Jones,
Dwight B. Hooper,
Hon. Moses KimbaD,
P. A. Ames,
Maj. Lewis W. Tappau,
George E. Learned,
Edmund F. Cutter,
Luther L. Tarbell,
Joseph West,
Richard B. Everett,
Nathaniel Winsor, Jr.
Joseph H. Sawyer,
John L. Emmons,
Frederic W. Lincoln,
Charles H. Dudley,
Maj. Charles H. Appleton,
William H. Learned, Jr.
Josiah B. Richardson,
H. K. Moore,
Maj. Charles G. King,
Joseph D. Coburn,
Granville Mears,
Franklin II. Sprague,
Abel Tompkins,
George Greig,
George A. Batchelder,
Ralph W. Newton,
N. W. Thompson,
Edmund Boynton,
H. W. Harrington,
Dexter N. Richards,
Theodore H. Dugan,
Abel Horton,
Nathaniel C. Stearns,
Wyzeman Marshall,
Andrew J. Loud,
Dr. E. G. Tucker,
George H. Chapman,
Peter Butler, Jr.
J. H. Long,
Samuel H. Gookin,
George Bush,
Charles H. Allen,
James M. Stevens.

PBEUMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

47

ORDER OF PROCESSION.
9

A Body of Mounted Police.

ESCOET:

The First Brigade of Massachusetts Militia, under command of Brig. Gen.

Samuel Andrews, consisting of the Boston Light Artillery,
Major M. G. Cobb.
The National Lancers and Boston Light Dragoons, constituting a Squadron
of Cavalry, under command of Major T. J. Pierce.
The First Regiment of Infantry, Col. R. I. Burbank.
The Second Regiment of Infantry, Col. W. W. Bullock.
THE FIRE DEPARTMENT OF BOSTON,

in Uniform, under command of Capt. Elisha Smith, Jr., Chief Engineer.

Board of Engineers.
Engine Companies with Engines drawn by members, preceded by banners.
Hook and Ladder Companies, with carriages, each drawn by two horses,
and preceded by banners.
Hose Companies with their Hose Carriages, drawn by members and
preceded by banners.
BAND.

NEWELL A. THOMPSON, Chief Marshal.

AIDS.
William S. King,
William W. Baker,
E. W. Pike,
Alexander Boyd,
J. Willard Rice.

AIDS.
Otis Kimball,
Gen. James Dana,
William W. Clapp, Jr.
Joseph F. Hovey,
D. F. McGilvray.

FIRST DIVISION.
GIN. JOHN S. TTLEB, Chief Marshal.
AID.
Charles H. Appleton.

AID.
Frederic W. Lincoln.

Embracing the City Government, invited guests, and other official peraonages flanked by the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, in

48

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

uniform, (with side arms,) under command of the Hon. Marshall P.

Wilder.
Chief of Police and Deputies, mounted.
His Honor the Mayor of Boston.
Orator, Chaplain, and Odist of the Day.
Committee of Arrangements.
President of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association.
Franklin Statue Committee.
American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Chairman and Members of the Board of Aldermen.
President and Members of the Common Council.
The Independent Company of Cadets, under command of Col. Thomas C.
Amory, acting as special escort to His Excellency
the Governor of Massachusetts.
Sheriff of Suffolk.
His Excellency the Governor of Massachusetts and Staff, and Adjutant
General.
His Honor the Lieutenant Governor and Executive Council of Massa
chusetts.
Governors of other States and other distinguished strangers specially
invited.
Past Governors of Massachusetts.
Delegation from the City of Philadelphia.
President and Faculty of Harvard College.
Presidents and Faculties of other New England Colleges.
Commissioners and Trustees of the Public Library.
The Beverend Clergy.
Senators and ^Representatives from Massachusetts in the Congress of the
United States.
Judges of the United States and Massachusetts Supreme Court, and
Attorney General of Massachusetts.
Ex-Members of Congress from Massachusetts.
Members and Ex-Members of Congress from other States.
President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives of
Massachusetts.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

49

Sergeant-at-Arms and Members of the Legislature 'of Massachusetts.

Secretary, Treasurer and Auditor of the Commonwealth, and Clerks of
the Senate and House of Bepresentatives.
Foreign Consuls.
Secretary of the Board of Education.
Secretary of the Board of Agriculture.
City Clerk, Treasurer, Auditor, and Solicitor.
Clerk of the Common Council and City Printers.
Past Mayors of Boston.
Past Presidents of the Common Council.
Past Aldermen.
Assessors and Assistant Assessors.
Other Heads of Departments of the City Government.
Superintendent of the Public Schools, and
School Committee.
Overseers of the Poor, Directors and other Officers of City Institutions.
City, Port and Consulting Physicians.
Special Deputations of the Different Societies, Associations and Organ
ized Bodies represented in the Procession.
Officers of the Army and Navy of the United States.
Officers of the Militia of Massachusetts, in uniform.
United States Marshal and Deputies.
Clerks and Officers of United States Courts.
Commissioners of -United States Courte.
United States District Attorney and Postmaster.
Collector of the Port and other Officers of the Customs.
Officers of the Revenue Service.
Navy Agent, Naval Store Keeper and other United States Civil Officers.
Sheriffs of the State.
Judges, Clerks, and Officers of the State, County and City Courts.
Judges and Registers of Probate, Registers of Deeds, and District At
torneys throughout the Commonwealth.
Deputy Sheriffs of Suffolk County, and Constabulary force of the City.
7

60

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

City Governments of Salem, Lowell, Cambridge, Roxbury, Charlestown,

New Bedford, Worcester, Lynn, Newburyport, Springfield,
Lawrence, and Fall River.
Revolutionary Veterans and Veterans of the War of 1812.
Society of Cincinnati.

SECOND DIVISION.
COL. THOMAS E. CUICKERINQ, Chief Marshal.
AIDS.
Charles G. King,
Granville Mears,

AIDS.
Josiah B. Richardson,
Abel Tompkins.

Comprising the mechanics and mechanical trades of Boston and vicinity.

BAND.
Government and Members of
The Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association.
Representatives of the different mechanical trades, as follows :
Agricultural implement makers, bell founders, box makers, belt makers,
brick makers, boat builders, boot and shoe makers, book binders, bakers,
brush makers, brass founders, brass finishers, carpenters, carriage makers,
cork cutters, confectioners, clock makers, contractors, coppersmiths, coop
ers, die sinkers, engine builders, (steam), engine builders, (fire), furni
ture manufacturers, flour manufacturers, gas fixture manufacturers, gas
meter manufacturers, gold beaters, gilders, hair dressers and wig makers,
harness makers, hat makers and finishers, house carvers, house painters,
iron founders, iron furniture makers, iron manufacturers, iron safe makers,
jewellers, last makers, locksmiths, life preserver makers, masons, marble
workers, musical instrument makers, organ builders, paper rulers, paper
hanging makers, papier mache makers, printing press makers, piano forte
makers, picture frame makers, plumbers, rope makers, riggers, sail makers,
shipwrights, ship builders, saw manufacturers, ship carvers, stove and fur
nace makers, sheet iron workers, sign painters, silversmiths, school furni
ture makers, sewing machine makers, stone cutters, sugar manufacturers,
soapstone manufacturers, tailors, tinsmiths, trunk makers, type founders,
turners, upholsterers, window shade manufacturers, wrought iron pipe
manufacturers, wooden ware manufacturers.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

51

All the above mentioned trades, and otters who may join this division,
are expected to be represented in the procession, with suitable cars, exhib
iting their works, banners, devices, decorations, &c.
Details for the formation of this division will be announced in a special
notice from the marshal of the division.

THIRD DIVISION.
CAPT. CHARLES 0. ROQERS, Chief Marshal.
AIDS.
Ralph W. Newton,
H. W. Harrington.

AIDS.
N. W. Thompson,
Theodore H. Dugan.

Comprising the mechanical professions, artists, manufacturers, associa

tions of business men and dealers in various articles of merchandise, &c.,
with banners.
BAND.
The Franklin Typographical Society, Printers' Union and other Societies
and Associations of Printers, with ancient and modern Printing
Presses in operation, types and implements of business.
Representations of various Newspaper Establishments in Boston, with
presses, &c., in working order.
Editors and Publishers of Newspapers.
Telegraph Operators.
Representatives of the various Express establishments in the city, with
wagons, &c.
Electricians, Manufacturers of and dealers in Astronomical and Philo
sophical Instruments, with specimens.
Artiste and persons engaged in the sale of works of Art, including
Daguerrean artists, Pyrotechnists, &c., with specimens of
Statuary, Paintings, Photographs, Fireworks, &o.
Architects and Draughtsmen, with models.
Soap and Candle Manufacturers.
Manufacturers of Cotton, Woolen, Silk, Paper, Glass, &c., including all
who are not embraced in the second division,
with specimens of merchandise.

52

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Occupants of Faneuil Hall Market, with model of market.

Association of Brighton Butchers.
Other organized bodies of Business Men.
Dealers in Mechanical Implements, Took, &c., used in Agriculture,
including dealers in Horticultural articles,
Florists, &c., with specimens.
Dealers in Mechanical Implements, Tools, &c., used in Commerce, in
cluding dealers in Nautical Instruments, Ship
Chandlers, &c., with specimens.
Dealers in Mechanical Implements, Tools, &c., used in Manufactures
and the Mechanic Arts, with specimens.
Dealers in Merchandise of other descriptions, with specimens including
all persons who wish to represent in the procession any branch
of business not herein before provided for.
Citizens of other States, by States, with banners.
An Omnibus belonging to Hathorne's Washington Street Line, filled
with ladies, drawn by six horses.
A Car of the Metropolitan Bxiilroad Company, filled with ladies, on a
platform, drawn by four horses.
Young Archers of South Boston.

FOURTH DIVISION.
HON. MOSES KIMII.VI.L, Chief Marshal.
AID.

AID.

Dr. E. G. Tucker.
Wyzeman Marshall.
Embracing the Masonic Fraternity of Massachusetts and other States,
arranged in the following order:
BAND.

Encampments of Knights Templars, under the command of Simon W.

Robinson, Esq., Commander of the Grand Encampment
of Massachusetts and BJiode Island.
Masonic Lodges subordinate to or recognized by the Grand Lodge of
Massachusetts.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

53

Royal Arch Chapters subordinate to or recognized by the Grand Chapter

of Massachusetts.
Grand Chapter of Massachusetts.
General Grand Chapter of the United States.
Representatives of Councils, Consistories and the higher orders of Masonry.
Grand Lodge of Massachusetts.

FIFTH DIVISION.
MAJ. LEWIS W. TAPPAN, Chief Marshal.
AID.
Samuel H. Gookin.

AID.
Peter Butler, Jr.
BAND.

The Bunker Hill Monument Association.

The Boston Board of Trade.
The Massachusetts Society for promoting Agriculture.
The Massachusetts Horticultural Society.
The lineal descendants and collateral relatives of the father of Benjamin
Franklin.
Pupils of the Boston Public Schools who have received the Franklin
Medal, from 1792 to 1856, inclusive, each wearing his
medal suspended by a blue ribbon.
Pupils of the Boston Public Schools who have received the Lawrence or
other Prizes.
Franklin Association Franklin Library Association Franklin Lodge
of Independent Order of Odd Fellows and all other organized
societies, associations, &c. , in this and other cities (except
Printers) bearing the name of " Franklin."
:
Subscribers to the Franklin Statue.

54

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

SIXTH DIVISION.
EDMUND F. CUTTER, ESQ., Chief Marshal.
AID.
Seth E. Brown.

AID.
Charles H. Allen.

Embracing the several historical, scientific, literary, and musical

societies and associations, as follows :
BAUD.

Massachusetts Historical Society.

Boston Society of Natural History.
Massachusetts Medical Society.
Suffolk District Medical Society.
Boston Medical Association.
Boston Society for Medical Improvement.
Boylston Medical Society.
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy.
New England Historic-Genealogical Society.
Boston Mechanics' Institute.
Mercantile Library Association.
Mechanic Apprentices Library Association.
Boston Library Society.
Mattapan Literary Association.
Students of Harvard College.
Dartmouth College Association.
Boston Latin School Association.
English High School Association.
Boston Burns Club.
French Institute.
Boston Young Men's Christian Association.
Boston Young Men's Christian Union.
Handel and Haydn Society.
Boston Academy of Music.
Musical Education Society.

1
PRELBUNAKY ARRANGEMENTS.

65

Mendelssohn Choral Society.

Musical Fund Society.
Other Scientific, Literary, Historical and Musical Societies and Associa
tions, who may wish to join the procession.

SEVENTH DIVISION.
JOSEPH WEST, ESQ., Chief Marshal.
AID.

AID.

J. Edward Dodd.
C. Allen Richards.
Embracing the several benevolent and charitable societies and
oiations, arranged according to the date of organization.
BAND.

Middlesex Mechanic Association.

Worcester Mechanic Association.
Salem Charitable Mechanic Association.
Massachusetts Charitable Society.
Charitable Association of the Boston Fire Department.
Merchant Tailors' Association.
Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society.
Charitable Orthopedic Association.
Association of Shipwrights and Calkers of Boston and Charlestown.
Massachusetts Congregational Charitable Society.
Howard Benevolent Society.
Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary.
Silver Workers' Benefit Association.
Scots Charitable Society.
British Charitable Society.
Charitable Irish Society.
United Shamrock Society.
German Immigrant Aid Society.
Perkins""%stitution for the Blind.

56

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Young Men's Benevolent Society.

Hebrew Mutual Belief Society.
United Brothers Line of Liberty, No. 37, A. D. 0. H.
German Gymnastic Society.
Other Benevolent and Charitable Societies and Associations who may
wish to join the procession.

EIGHTH DIVISION.
NATHANIEL WINSOK, JR. ESQ., Chief Marshal.
AID.

AID.

James Dennie, Jr.

G. G. Kidder.
BAND.

Massachusetts Humane Society.

The Boston Marine Society.
The Salem East India Marine Society.
Cape Cod Association.
Boston Port Society.
Sailors' Snug Harbor.
Seamen's Friend Society.
Other Societies for the improvement and relief of Seamen in Boston
and vicinity.
Shaw Institute for Mariners' Children.
Commissioners of the Boston Pilots.
Boston Pilots.
Boat Clubs of Boston and vicinity, in the Uniform of their respective
Clubs, with their Boats on platforms, drawn by horses.
Captains and other Officers of Vessels in Port.
United States and other Seamen in Port, with Flags and Ship on plat
form, drawn by horses.
Citizens Generally.
A Body of Mounted Police.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

67

NINTH DIVISION.
JOHN L. EMMONS, ESQ., Chief Marshal.
AID.
Dr. H. I. Bowditch.

AID.
George Dickinson.

This division will embrace the children of both sexes of all the Public
Schools in Boston, who will assemble at their respective school houses, at
nine o'clock, A.M., form under the direction of their teachers, and proceed
to Beacon Street, where they will be arranged in lines, on both sides of the
street, the right resting at Hancock Avenue ; the girls of the Grammar
Schools, and the pupils of both sexes of the Primary Schools, occupying
the sidewalk next to the Mall, the boys of the Grammar Schools the
opposite sidewalk. The lines to be formed at eleven o'clock, after which
hour, vehicles of every description will be excluded from Beacon Street, until
the procession shall have passed through that street, and no person except
pupils, teachers and others connected with the schools will be allowed to
occupy that street while the procession is passing through it, thus affording
ample protection to the children, and an opportunity for them to see the
whole procession unmolested.
Immediately after the procession has passed, the children will be
escorted by their marshals and teachers to the Beacon Street entrance of
the Public Garden, where a little simple refreshment will be provided for
them by the City. A band will be detailed to accompany them and to
play for them during the remainder of the afternoon, and the Garden will
continue open as their play and pleasure ground till sunset. Their
parents and friends and the citizens generally are invited to witness and
participate in their amusements at the same time and place.

CITY HALL AND ENCLOSURE.

Owing to the limited space in front of City Hall and around the statue,
it will hardly be possible that all the divisions of the procession should
be able to witness the ceremonies of inauguration. In order, however,
that the whole body of the procession may be represented on the occasion,
a place has been assigned in the first division for a deputation of one per
son from each society, association, organized body, trade, profession or
business represented in the procession ; such deputation to be selected by

58

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

the respective parties to be represented, and to report to the chief mar-'

shal of the first division, at the State House, at half past nine o'clock.
No persons will be admitted to the City Hall, to the enclosure in front
of the Hall, or to the platform or seats erected around the statue, until the
arrival of the procession, except by authority of the Committee of Ar
rangements.
The following named gentlemen have been appointed to act as marshals
at City Hall, and will superintend the arrangement of seats upon the
platform and have charge of the grounds around the statue :
J. THOMAS STEVENSON, Chief Marshal.
Robert C. Winthrop, Jr.
Theodore Lyman,
Francis W. Palfrey,
P. P. Ellis,
George S. J. Oliver,
E. Jones Andrews,

Albert Cushman,
John Quincy Adams,
Arthur Dexter,
F. 0. Dabney,
C. Hook Appleton,
F. I. Merritt.

OKDEK OF EXERCISES.
1. Voluntary, by the Band.
2. Chorus, by Pupils of the Public Schools.
3. Prayer, by the Rev. G. W. Blagden, D.D.
4. Inaugural Oration, by the Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, towards the
close of which the statue will be uncovered.
5. Original Ode written for the occasion by James T. Fields, Esq.,
adapted to music by Mr. Nathan Richardson Performed by
a select choir, composed of the Pupils of the Public Schools,
under the direction of Professor Charles Butler.
6. Address of Presentation, by Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., Esq.,
President of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association.
7. Address of Reception, by His Honor Alexander H. Rice, Mayor
of Boston.
8. Masonic Ceremonies of Inauguration, by Winslow Lewis, M.D.,
Grand Master, assisted by John T. Heard and Charles R.
Train, Esqrs., Grand Wardens, and other officers of the Grand
Lodge.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

59

9. Hymn (Old Hundred) by the Choir, in which the whole audience

are requested to join.
10. Benediction by the Right Reverend Bishop Eastburn.

ROUTE OF THE PROCESSION.

The Procession will move from the corner of Park and Tremont Streets
precisely at ten o'clock, as follows : Through Tremont to Court Street,
passing the Granary Burying Ground, where repose the remains of the
parents of Franklin ; down Court to Washington, passing the site of the
old printing office where Franklin worked as an apprentice to his brother ;
down Washington and through Dock Square to Union ; through Union to
Haymarket Square, passing the old tallow chandler's shop where Franklin
made caudles ; around the enclosure in Haymarket Square to Blackstone
Street ; through Blackstone and Clinton Streets to Commercial ; through
Commercial to South Market; up South Market to Merchants Row;
through Merchants Row to State ; up State, passing the south side of the
Old State House, to Washington ; up Washington to Milk, passing the
Old South meeting-house, where Franklin was baptized ; down Milk to
Federal, passing the birthplace of Franklin ; through Federal to Frank
lin; up Franklin (north side) to Washington, passing the monument
erected to the memory of Franklin ; up Washington to Dover ; down
Dover to Tremont ; down Tremont to Pleasant ; through Pleasant to
Charles ; through Charles to Beacon ; through Beacon and School Streets
to the enclosure in front of the City Hall.
No carriages, teams or vehicles of any description will be allowed to
stand in or obstruct any of the streets through which the procession is to
pass. And it is particularly desired that occupants of stores and houses
along the line of the procession will display such decorations, devices, &c.
as they may deem appropriate to the occasion.

SPECIAL NOTICE.
All societies, associations, trades, &e., mentioned in the program,
and other societies, associations, trades, &c., not mentioned, who may wish
to join the procession, are invited to do so, and will have places assigned

60

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

them by making their wishes known to the Chief Marshal, before noon of
the sixteenth inst.
All societies, associations, &c., are invited to appear with banners,
badges, &c., and in lull dress or regalia of their order.
Franklin Medal Scholars in the military escort, in the fire depart
ment, or who may occupy official positions in other divisions in the pro
cession than that assigned to them, are requested to wear their medals
suspended by a blue ribbon; and members of the Masonic Fraternity
occupying similar positions, are requested to wear an appropriate Masonic
badge.
The procession will be formed in sections of five, and the several socie
ties, associations and organized bodies who propose to join it are requested
to form in that manner, under their own marshals, (serving on foot,) and
to report themselves to the chief marshals of the divisions to which they
severally belong, at or before nine o'clock, A.M.
All bodies, associations, &c., will appoint their own marshals and
assistant marshals, who are requested to wear dark hats, coats, pante,
white vests, and white gloves.
The Chief Marshal and his aids, chief marshals of divisions and their
aids, and the assistant marshals appointed by the Chief, will be mounted :
all other marshals in the procession will serve on foot.

FORMATION OF DIVISIONS.
The Escort will be taken up by the First Brigade, formed on Tremont
Street, with the centre opposite Park Street, the right extending towards
Court Street.
The Fire Department will be formed on West Street, with the right
resting at Tremont Street, the left extending across Washington Street
into Bedford Street.
*
The First Division will assemble at the State House, form and march
.down Park Street, the right resting at Tremont Street.
The Second Division will assemble on Tremont Street, the right resting
at West Street, the left extending up Tremont Street as far as necessary
for the formation of the line.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

61

The Third Division will assemble in Boylston Street, with the right
resting at Tremont Street, the left extending through Charles Street.
The Fourth Division will assemble in the Tremont Street Mall, with
the right or marching flank resting at the Park Street gate.
The Fifth Division will assemble in the Mall leading from opposite
West Street towards the Providence Depot, with the right resting opposite
West Street, the left extending into the Charles Street Mall, if necessary.
The Sixth Division will assemble in the Mall leading from West to Joy
Street, the left extending down the Beacon Street Mall.
The Seventh Division will assemble in the Park Street Mall, with the
right resting near the Park 'Street gate, the left extending into and down
the Beacon Street Mall.
The Eighth Division will assemble in Winter Street, with the right rest
ing at Tremont Street, the left extending across Washington Street into
Summer Street.
NEWELL A. THOMPSON; Chief Marshal.

By order of Col. Thomas E. Chickering, to whom

was entrusted the laborious duty of marshaling the
second division, comprising the Massachusetts Char
itable Mechanic Association, and of arranging that
part of the procession which included the various
mechanical trades, the following letter of invitation
was issued:
FRANKLIN STATUE.

MASSACHUSETTS CHARITABLE MECHANIC

ASSOCIATION.

BOSTON, SEPTEMBER 11, 1856.

Col. Thomas E. Chickering, having received the ap
pointment of chief marshal of this association, for the
coining celebration of the inauguration of the statue

62

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

of Franklin, cordially invites all members to cooperate

with him by joining the procession on the seventeenth
of the present month, and thereby consummate the
desire of the Board of Government, to have the society
well represented upon that occasion, and terminate
successfully the laudable design of erecting a monu
ment to the memory of Franklin, in which this associa
tion has already taken such an active part.
The following named gentlemen have been ap
pointed assistant marshals:
AIDS.

AIDS.

Charles G. King,
Josiah B. Richardson.

Granville Hears,
Abel Tompkins.

MARSHALS.

A. 0. Bigelow,
J. L. Fairbanks,
Thomas Goddard,
Edmund D. Cassell,
Samuel H. Newman,
Charles A. Smith,

George Yendall,
George B. Foster,
Ralph Emerson,
James Tolman,
George Darracott, Jr.
John J. Rayner.

The four gentlemen named as aids, having also been

appointed aids to the chief marshal, will act as mar
shals of the second division, of which this association
will form a part, and will appear mounted, uniformed
in black coat and pants, white vest, chapeau, and sash
of blue silk.
All other marshals will discharge their duties on
foot, uniformed in black coat and pants, white vest,

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

63

dress hat, and wearing the sash provided by the asso

ciation.
The association will assemble in Temple Place at
nine o'clock on the morning of the seventeenth, the
column formed in sections of five, and be in readiness
to move at precisely ten o'clock.
Aids and marshals will report (as above) to Mr.
Charles G. King, at half past eight o'clock, on the
morning of the seventeenth instant.
Details will be made on the morning of the cele
bration for gentlemen to serve as standard-bearers, and
to perform such other duties as the occasion may
require.
Carriages will be provided for such members as may
desire to join the procession, too aged or infirm to
walk, notice being previously given by such persons to
the chief marshal of their intention.
The Board of Government anticipate a full and
punctual attendance of the members of this asso
ciation.
Per order of COL. T. E. CHICKERING,

Chief Marshal M, C. M. A
CHARLES G. Kma, /Senior Aid.

CoL Chickering, through the secretary of the com

mittee of the trades, also published the following order
of procession for the second division:

64

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

INAUGURATION OF THE STATUE OF FRANKLIN, ON WEDNESDAY, SEP

TEMBER 17, 1857.
Order of Procession of the SECOND DIVISION ; comprising the mechanics
and mechanical trades of Boston and vicinity, under the direction of
THOMAS E. CHICKERINO, Chief Marshal.
AIDS.
Charles G. King,
Granville Meare.

AIDS.
Josiah B. Richardson,
Abel Tompkins.

FLANK MARSHALS OF SECOND DIVISION.

George F. Woodman,
William W. Rhoades,

Hugh K. Moore,
Dexter N. Richards.

The above named gentlemen will assemble at the residence of the

Chief Marshal, Col. N. A. Thompson, in Boylston Street, at half past
eight o'clock.
Assistant.

Division Standard Bearer.

Assistant.

BOND'S CORNET BAND.

MASSACHUSETTS CHARITABLE MECHANIC ASSOCIATION.
Assistant.

Standard Bearer.
Assistant.
President, Vice President, Treasurer,
Marshal.
and Secretary.
Marshal.
Board of Trustees.
Committee of Relief.
Marshals.
Honorary Members.
Marshals.
Past Officers.
Members of the Association, formed in sections of five.
The Association will assemble in Temple Place, at nine o'clock, at
which time and place badges will be furnished.
The following named gentlemen have been appointed
ASSISTANT MARSHALS .

A. 0. Bigelow,
J. L. Fairbanks,
Thomas Goddard,
E. D. Cassell,
S. H. Newman,
Charles A. Smith,

George Yendall,
George B. Foster,
Ralph Emerson,
James Tolman,
George Darracott, Jr.
John J. Rayner,

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

65

who will report to the senior aid, Major Charles G. King, in Temple
Place, at nine o'clock, who will assign to each his position, on either
flank of the association. '
The mechanical trades will assemble on Tremont Street, the right
resting at West Street.
Forty-seven trades having signified their intention of being represented
in this division, cards, numbering from 1 to 47, will be posted along
Tremont Street, commencing at the corner of West Street with No. 1,
and extending southerly over Tremont Road.
The several trades will approach towards West Street from the south,
and halt at the number on the street corresponding with the number
against their trades in the following program.
Eight mounted marshals will be stationed at intervals on the ground of
formation, who will assign to each body its position. The chief of this
division will be found at the corner of Tremont and West Streets, (Card
No. 1,) during the formation. Other trades, not included in this pro
gram, are invited to job, and positions will be assigned to them by
the chief marshal or his assistants.
The procession will be formed in sections of five, at the corner of Tre
mont and West Streets.
No. 1. Three cars, each drawn by four horses, representing the primary,
grammar, and high schools, exhibiting school furniture and
children at study.
School Furniture W. G. Shattuek Village School.
2. Ames Manufacturing Company, Chicopee, about two hundred
and fifty men.
3. Bakers, two hundred and fifty men, with a band.
4. Sugar Manufacturers.
5. Spice Grinders Stickney & Poor car with four horses
twenty men.
6. Papier Mache Makers.
7. Soap Stone Workers W. H. Maine & Co. car with two
horses.
8. Stencil Cutting Machine car with one horse.
9. Bay State Iron Works car with twelve horses three hun
dred men.
Pembroke Iron Company two cars with four horses each.
9

66

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

10.

11.

12.
13.
14.

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

Boston Locomotive Works car with twenty-four horses one

hundred men ; two cars two hundred men.
Globe Locomotive Works car with eight horses one hun
dred men.
South Boston Iron Company car with three horses ; car with
two horses one hundred men.
Harrison Loring, Sugar Mill car with ten horses.
Allen & Endicott, Boiler Makers car with four horses.
Cunningham & Co. car with two horses.
William Adams & Co., Iron Safes car with two horses ?
thirty men.
J. E. Wilder & Co., Iron Safes car with two horses
thirty men.
Edwards, Fernald & Kershaw car with two horses thirty
men.
Denio & Roberts car with two horses thirty men.
New England Steam and Gas Pipe Manufacturers.
J. B. Richardson car with two horses one hundred men.
J. J. Walworth & Co. car with six horses one hundred
men.
Chickering & Sons, Piano-Forte Manufacturers three cars
with four horses each three hundred men.
Hallett, Davis & Co. car with four horses one hundred
and seventy-five men.
Hatters car with six horses two hundred men.
Horse Shoers car with four horses men at work.
S. A. Stetson & Co., Gas Fitters two cars, with two and
one horse.
W. F. Shaw, Gas Stoves car with four horses.
Gas Meters George Darracott, Jr. car with two horses.
John F. Pray & Son, Boot Makers one hundred and fifty
men.
Polish Shirley's Polish car with four horses.
Block and Pump Makers car with four horses forty men.
Iron Furniture Chase Brothers & Co. car with four
horses.
Clothes Dryers car with one horse.
Charcoal Burners car with four horses.
Tonsorial Profession car with four horses.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

C7

22. Shipwrights and Caulkers two hundred men car with two
horses, exhibiting J. E. Simpson's patent Dry Dock.
23. Tailors car with two horses five hundred men.
24. Carvers, with car containing a model of the Public Library.
25. Masons two cars with four horses each three hundred
men.
26. Cigar Makers car with two horses fifty men.
27. Furniture Makers Doe & Hazclton two hundred men.
Furniture Makers James G. Blake & Co. forty men.
28. Composition Hoof Makers car with two horses, car with one
horse twenty men.
29. Kindling Wood car with four horses.
30. Paper Box Makers car with four horses.
31. Coopers two hundred and fifty men four horses.
32. Winde & Co., Boat Builders boat full manned.
33. Brass Founders H. N. Hooper & Co. three hundred
men car with three horses.
Brass Founders Gavett & Co. three hundred men.
84. Gilders and Frame Makers car with two horses.
35. Glass Company, New England.
Flint Glass Company.
36. Plumbers about three hundred men.
37. H. K. Moore Steam Gauges car with four horses.
38. Settee Makers car with one horse seventy-five men.
39. Silversmiths and Jewellers car with six horses one hun
dred and fifty men.
40. Bacon Works car with three horses.
41. Painters car with two horses two hundred men.
42. Wood Turners car with two horses.
43. Wooden Ware Makers car with four horses.
44. Stove Makers Chilson & Co. car with six horses one
hundred men.
M. Pond & Co. car with four horses.
45. Window Shade Makers car.
46. Trunk and Harness Makers car twenty men.
47. Agricultural Implement Makers car with six yoke of oxen.
One delegate from each trade of this division will be entitled to a
position in the first division, and a place in the area, to witness the inau

68

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

gural ceremonies application being made by such delegates to the chief

marshal of the division, who will furnish a ticket.
The several trades above mentioned are requested to report punctually
at nine o'clock, as the procession will move at precisely ton o'clock.
By order of COL. T. E. CHICKKRINO,
Chief Marshal Second Division.
J. B. RICHARDSON, Secretary of Committee of Trades.

William D. Coolidge, Esq., Grand Marshal of the

Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons in Massa
chusetts, issued the following orders to the various
masonic bodies in the neighborhood of Boston:
GRAND MARSHAL'S ORDERS ON THE CELEBRATION OF THE
INAUGURATION OF THE FRANKLIN STATUE, BOSTON, SEP
TEMBER 17, 1856.
In pursuance of instructions from the M. W. Grand
Master, already communicated to the Lodges of this
masonic jurisdiction, and to facilitate the formation of
the procession, that the ceremonies of the seventeenth
instant may be conducted with order and decorum:
It is hereby ordered, that the respective lodges, chap
ters, and encampments, appear at the place of general
formation, on the morning of the seventeenth instant,
precisely at nine o'clock, and take position as herein
designated, and be assigned their place in line by an
assistant grand marshal.

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

69

The marshals of lodges, chapters and encampments,

immediately on their arrival at the place of formation,
will report to the grand marshal at the Temple.
Blue lodges will form on the Tremont Street Mall,
northerly end; chapters will form on the Tremont
Street Mall, southerly end ; encampments will form in
Temple Place.
The Grand Lodge of Massachusetts will form in the
lower Hall of the Temple.
Marshals of lodges will be particular in observing
that the orders of the grand master are strictly con
formed to by the brethren ; especially as regards dress,
which will consist of black hat, black cravat, dark
clothing, and white apron and gloves; on no consid
eration can brethren, not conforming to the above, be
admitted in the procession. Canes, unless absolutely
required, will be excluded from the line. Officers and
members will appear in full regalia, with banners. An
elegant and appropriate badge has been provided, and
will be ready for distribution at the place of formation
on the morning of the seventeenth.
Route of the Procession. From Park Street, through
Tremont, Court, and Washington Streets, Dock Square,
Union, Blackstone, Commercial and South Market
Streets, Merchants Row, State, Washington to Dover,
Tremont, Charles and Beacon, to School Street; and
the grand marshal expects every brother to retain
his place through the entire route.

70

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

It is hoped that the fares on all the railroads will

be reduced one half, and efforts to this effect are now
making.
It is the general desire to render this occasion one
of marked and peculiar interest; honorable alike to
the memory of Dr. Franklin, to the city of his birth,
and to the fraternity of which he was so long a dis
tinguished member; and the grand master hopes to
meet every lodge in the state, or a delegation there
from, on this occasion.
The following named brethren have been appointed
assistant grand marshals, and will be respected accord
ingly:
J. E. Cook,
Benjamin F. Stevens,
H. T. Woods,
Richard A. Robertson,
Seth W. Fuller,
George T. Stoddard,
Gilbert Atwood,
John D. Parker,
H. Rice,
Benjamin French,

William E. Graves,
A. W. Banfield,
C. B. Davenport,
William H. Sampson,
Charles 0. Eaton,
Richard B. Roberts,
William K. Backall,
James L. Hemmeon,
John A. Drew, Jr.
George A. Wadleigh.

WILLIAM D. COOLIDGE, Grand Marshal.

In describing the preliminary arrangements for the

inauguration, it only remains to state that the statue

PRELIMINARY ARRANGEMENTS.

71

was raised and placed upon its pedestal in the area

in front of the City Hall, early on the morning of Sat
urday, the thirteenth day of September, where it was
completely concealed from view by an ingenious con
trivance, prepared by Mr. Frederic Mozart, until the
signal for its exposure was given by Hon. Mr. Winthrop, the orator of the occasion.
The Public Schools, the Public Library, and all the
public offices of the City were directed to be closed
during the day of the inauguration, except in a few
instances where necessity required otherwise.

DECORATIONS.

DECORATIONS.

THE morning of the seventeenth of September was

ushered in, much after the usual manner of the great
holidays of Boston, by the ringing of the bells of the
numerous churches, and by the firing of cannon. The
day itself was one of the finest of the season; the
weather was remarkably pleasant, and the clearness
and freshness of the atmosphere, with a proper tem
perature, rendered the day extremely propitious for
the parades and ceremonies which had been arranged
for the inauguration of the statue.
As was expected and very much desired, little if
any business was transacted in the city. All classes
of persons had apparently determined that the day
should be a holiday, and that it should be entirely
given up to pleasure, and the enjoyment of every kind
of rational amusement.
Probably, at no time was there a greater number
of persons in the city. Crowds of people from the
neighboring cities and towns, and many from places
more remote, had left their usual avocations, and avail

76

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

ing themselves of the great facilities of travel furnished

by the railroads and omnibuses, had come to Boston,
and thronged its streets with multitudes. It may not
be too large an estimate to suppose that the ordi
nary population of the city was increased threefold,
and that, in the streets alone, the number of persons
assembled to witness the procession and ceremonies
amounted to nearly three hundred thousand individ
uals. Never were the sides of the streets more
crowded with spectators, nor the highways more
densely thronged with those who were preparing to
take part in the inaugural procession or to witness
the various spectacles of the day.
There were seen throughout the whole city in
every highway and byway the citizens and neigh
boring townsmen, who were to take part on the occa
sion, arrayed in holiday attire and decked with the
very numerous and various badges and insignia of the
different societies and associations they were to repre
sent in the grand procession, and proceeding to their
appointed places of meeting. Thousands of persons
men, women and children of every rank in life, and
of all the varied occupations, were seen hastening to
secure, on the route of the procession, the most favorable
look-outs and stand-points for beholding the anxiously
expected spectacle. Bands of musicians in great pro
fusion, soldiery in brilliant uniforms, the masonic bodies
in rich and gorgeous regalia, all decorated with their

DECORATIONS.

77

peculiar badges, were constantly met, preparing for the

great and interesting occasion. Vehicles of all sorts,
public and private conveyances, and temporary car
riages and wagons for the various branches of the
mechanic arts, and for those engaged in mercantile
and trading pursuits to make a suitable and im
pressive display, were seen passing to and fro in the
streets, highly and appropriately decorated, to the
places assigned for the assembling of the various divis
ions of the vast concourse that was to form the pro
cession.
This was the state of things throughout the whole
city, as well as in the streets through which the pro
cession was to pass, the expressmen, bakers, milkmen
and provision dealers, with their vehicles, hastening
to fully accomplish their numerous errands before the
streets should be cleared by the police and closed for
the convenience and safety of the array.
A very large portion of the stores and places of
business were closed for the day, business being gen
erally suspended for the purpose of joining in the
parades and ceremonies.
The shipping in the harbor, and the ferry boats
plying between the city and East Boston and Chelsea,
were gaily decorated with national flags and streamers
and with private ensigns and signals, exhibiting every
evidence of a great gala day.

78

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

DECORATIONS ON THE ROUTE.

The route in which the procession was arranged to

pass was, by estimation, about five miles in length, com
mencing at the head of the Park Street Mall, extending
through the principal streets of the city, especially
those known as having some eventful connection with
the life and occupation of Franklin and his parents,
and terminating in School Street, in front of the area
before City Hall, the spot designed for the permanent
place for the statue, and where the exercises and cere
monies of inauguration were to be held.
Many of the decorations of the buildings public
and private were of great beauty. All were ex
ceedingly appropriate, and attested the universal ven
eration in which the memory of the great philosopher,
statesman and mechanic is held by the residents of
the place of his birth and early life. Perhaps the
most interesting of the decorations were the living
masses of eager spectators which filled every window,
crowded the balconies, covered the roofs, and thronged
the doorways and sidewalks, forming one of the grand
est spectacles ever witnessed in Boston. These solid
masses, packed throughout the whole route, preserved
a most orderly demeanor, and exhibited everywhere
the marks of extreme happiness and gratification, and
will be remembered as a marked feature of one of
Boston's proudest days.

DECORATIONS.

79

As a memorial of the distinguished event, the details

of many of the decorations and displays are given
below, in the order in which the procession moved.
Those supplied by the Committee of Arrangements
were prepared and put up by Messrs. Lamprell and
Marble.
Fremont Street, from the Masonic Temple to Court Square.

The Masonic Temple, a portion of which is occupied

as the salesroom of the Messrs. Chickering, Piano-forte
makers, was very elegantly draped with various colored
festoons, and with national flags and streamers. Sur
rounded by the festoons and folds were displayed a
bust of Franklin, and masonic emblems the square
and compasses.
The gateway of the Granary Burial Ground, the
entrance to the cemetery where the parents and many
of the relatives of Franklin were buried, was highly
decorated with evergreens, and supported the follow
ing inscription:
WITHIN THIS GRAVEYARD LIE BURIED THE PARENTS
OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, WHO PLACED A MARBLE SLAB
OVER THE SPOT WITH AN INSCRIPTION WHICH HAS
BEEN TRANSFERRED TO THE MONUMENT ERECTED IN 1827.

The name of Franklin, surrounded by a wreath of

flowers, was suspended beneath the above inscription,
in a very effective manner.

80

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Within the enclosure of the burial ground was to be

seen the Franklin monument, also decked with ever
greens. This was erected in the year 1827 by a few
citizens of Boston, over the graves of Franklin's father
and mother. The corner stone was laid, with an appro
priate address and becoming ceremonies, on the fif
teenth of June, in the presence of the Governor and
Lieutenant Governor of the Commonwealth, and the
officers and members of the Massachusetts Charitable
Mechanic Association, by Hon. Charles Wells. The mon
ument is in the form of an obelisk, and is constructed
of five massive ashlers of Quincy granite, taken from
the Bunker Hill monument quarry. Its height is
twenty-one feet, standing on a rectangular base meas
uring two feet in height, and seven feet on each of
the four sides. On one side of the obelisk the name
of Franklin is cut in bold relief in large letters, and
a short space beneath this is a bronze tablet, about
thirty-two inches long and sixteen wide, set into the
stone, and containing, in the following words, the orig
inal inscription, composed by Franklin, with an addi
tional paragraph by the liberal citizens who, out of
profound regard and veneration for the memory of
the illustrious son, and desirous of reminding succeed
ing generations that he was of Boston birth and origin,
erected the obelisk in its present excellent and perma
nent form, and placed beneath it the original tablet
which had been placed there in filial duty:

. ;

..ii.

DECORATIONS.

81

JOSIAH FRANKLIN AND ABIAH HIS WIFE

LIE HERE INTERRED.
THEY LIVED LOVINGLY TOGETHER IN WEDLOCK
FIFTY-FIVE YEARS;
AND WITHOUT AN ESTATE OR ANY GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT,
BY CONSTANT LABOR, AND HONEST INDUSTRY,
(WITH GOD'S BLESSING,)
MAINTAINED A LARGE FAMILY COMFORTABLY;
AND BROUGHT UP THIRTEEN CHILDREN AND SEVEN GRAND
CHILDREN REPUTABLY.
FROM THIS INSTANCE, READER,
BE ENCOURAGED TO DILIGENCE IN THY CALLING,
AND DISTRUST NOT PROVIDENCE.

HE WAS A PIOUS AND PRUDENT MAN,

SHE A DISCREET AND VIRTUOUS WOMAN.
THEIR YOUNGEST SON,
IN FILIAL REGARD TO THEIR MEMORY,
PLACES THIS STONE.
J. F. BORN 1655

DIED 1744, JE. 83.

A. F. BORN 1667

DIED 1752, X. 85.

THE ORIGINAL INSCRIPTION

HAVING BEEN NEARLY OBLITERATED,
A NUMBER OF CITIZENS
ERECTED THIS MONUMENT AS A MARK OF RESPECT
FOR THE
ILLUSTRIOUS AUTHOR,
MDCCCXXVIL

In front of the hall occupied by the Independent

Company of Cadets were festoons tastily arranged with

82

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

various colored bunting, and across the street was sus

pended a line of flags bearing the inscriptions:
MONSTRAT VIAM

1741.

INDEPENDENT COMPANY OF CADETS.

The Tremont House, as is usual on all public occa

sions, was tastefully and liberally decorated, producing
an excellent effect. A large gilded eagle was perched
upon the roof, and from its talons depended lines of
red and white bunting to all parts of the portico,
encircling the large granite columns. The windows
throughout the whole front were dressed with graceful
festoons of the same material, and across the street was
a row of small flags, each bearing one letter of the
name "Franklin."
On the west side of Tremont Street, extend
ing from Beacon Street to the entrance to Pemberton Square, the awnings and balconies of the stores
were very handsomely decorated with white and red
festoons.
The imposing front of the Boston Museum was
highly ornamented by the enterprising proprietor with
a large number of flags of many nations, making an
admirable display. Along the entire front of one of
the balconies was the following inscription :
"HE SNATCHED ALIKE THE LIGHTNING FROM THE HEAVENS, AND
THE SCEPTRE FROM THE HANDS OF TYRANTS."

DECORATIONS.

83

The building occupied by Drs. Cummings and Flagg,

dentists, and Mr. Thomas Restieaux, apothecary, oppo
site the Museum, was also adorned with folds of colored
cloth, and a picture representing Franklin at the court
of France. The fronts of several other stores in this
street were similarly draped.
Court Street, to Washington Street.

The easterly end of Scollay's Building, facing Court

Square, was very appropriately decorated by Messrs.
Alonzo V. Lynde, Stephen R Niles and V. B. Palmer,
occupants of the building. Lines of bunting were
hung from a neat -shield placed upon the roof, and
were formed into graceful curves and secured to the
balustrade, upon which was erected an elegantly deco
rated arch, bearing the motto
ERIPUIT C(ELO FULMEN, 8CEPTRUMQUE TYRANNIS.

Within the arch was a bust of Franklin, and on the

front of the balustrade the following inscription, taken
from the quaint sayings in Poor Richard's Almanac :
HE THAT HATH A TRADE HATH AN ESTATE; AND HE
THAT HATH A CALLING HATH AN OFFICE OF PROFIT
AND HONOR.

Franklin.

The building on the east corner of Franklin Avenue

was decorated by the Committee of Arrangements.

84

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

From the roof to the first story were hung heavy folds
of red and white bunting, in a pyramidal form, and
upon the front was the following inscription :
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, WHEN HE WAS TWELVE YEARS
OLD, WAS APPRENTICED AS A PRINTER TO HIS BROTHER

JAMES, WHOSE OFFICE WAS ON THIS SPOT.

The awning of Messrs. Klous & Go's store, in this

building, was neatly festooned, and a line of flags waa
stretched across the street, making a very neat and
handsome appearance.
The paper-hanging establishment of Messrs. Samuel
H. Gregory & Co., No. 25 Court Street, was very taste
fully dressed with festoons of blue and white cloth,
adding much to the elegance of the ornamentation in
this street.
Washington Street, below State Street

The west end of the Old State House, on Wash

ington Street, was elegantly ornamented with drapery
of various colors, and with flags. Lines of red, blue
and white bunting, in profusion, reached from the
roof to the balustrade over the store occupied by
Messrs. Charles A. Smith & Co., and upon this, in
prominent letters, was presented the following:
FIRST SETTLEMENT OF BOSTON, SEPTEMBER 17TH, 1630.

DECORATIONS.

85

On a line extending from this ancient building

to points on the opposite side of Washington Street,
were two flags, bearing between them the subjoined
inscription :
THE OPINION OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN IN 1754:

"THE UNITY OF THE COLONIES is ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY

TO THEIR PRESERVATION."

On the reverse was the following:

HIS MOTTO: "JOIN OR DIE."
FRANKLIN 1754.
Messrs. Crocker & Brewster, at No. 47 Washington
Street, presented a very fine and judicious display of
decorations, of which the chief feature was a line of
flags extended across the street, bearing the subjoined
inscriptions :
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN

PRINTER, PHH-OSOPHER, PATRIOT

AND STATESMAN.
HE THAT HATH A TRADE HATH AN ESTATE.
LET HONESTY AND INDUSTRY BE THY CONSTANT COM
PANIONS.

Messrs. J. & W. W. Ross, at No. 42 of the same

street, exhibited graceful festoons of white and red
cloth upon the awning in front of their tailoring estab
lishment.

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Dock Square.

The fronts of the stores occupied by Messrs. Ezekiel

Pittman and Charles B. Moseley, in Dock Square, were
festooned with draping of various colors in a very
handsome manner, an heraldic shield, bearing the name
of Franklin, forming the centre of the decorations.
The building occupied for the furniture establish
ment of Mr. Aaron II. Allen, and the hardware store
of Messrs. Joseph West and William Parkman, was
neatly trimmed with rich damask cloth.
Messrs. Keith & Thornton, at their clothing ware
house, at Nos. 29 and 30, made a very beautiful
display of red, white and blue streamers, falling
gracefully from a large spread eagle at the top of
the building. They likewise covered the entire front
of their store with patriotic emblems.
The shop of Mr. Henry Fowle, at No. 15, was also
very appropriately adorned.
The clothing establishment of Messrs. John W.
Smith & Co. was elegantly wreathed with colored
bunting, and a large paper kite disposed in the centre
recalled to the mind of the spectators one of the
characteristic experiments of Franklin, in which he
demonstrated his remarkable discovery of the identity
of the electricity of the skies with that induced by
means of electrical apparatus, which led to his subse
quent invention of lightning-rods.

DECORATIONS.

87

Union Street.

Messrs. Jones, Carpenter & Co., at Nos. 11 and 13

Union Street, made a rich display of flags and festoons
of bunting on the front of their store, and also across
the street.
The crockery ware establishment of Messrs. Wil
liam F. Homer & Co., and the hardware store of
Messrs. Dalton and Ingersoll, were decked with flags
and streamers, some of which were extended across
the street. The name " Franklin " surrounded by a
garland of oak leaves, was prominently displayed
upon one of the large flags.
The stores of Messrs. Thomas Hollis, apothecary,
William H. Barnes, hardware dealer, and Messrs. Wil
liams & Morandi, tin ware manufacturers, were highly
ornamented with flags.
In a side street, formerly known as Marshall's Lane,
was to be seen the famous Boston Stone, apparently
composed of two parts, one, a large globular stone,
resting upon the other, a square block.
The armory of the Independent Boston Fusileers
was distinguished by the display of a very large
national flag.
The old building standing at the corner of Union
and Hanover Streets, formerly owned and occupied by
the father of Franklin, and now occupied by Mr. Al
exander Wood, presented a very showy appearance.

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

From the corner was suspended on an iron crane, as

in the days of. the Franklins, the original ball that was
used as a sign at the Milk Street house, upon which
were perceptible the following name and date :
JOSIA3
1698.

1698.
FRANKLIN.

The building was decorated with bunting of various

colors, under the direction of the Committee of Ar
rangements, and bore a tablet upon which was printed
in large letters,
THE FATHER OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN REMOVED FROM
MILK STREET TO THIS SPOT SHORTLY AFTER BENJA
MIN WAS BORN.

HERE HE WORKED FOR A SHORT

TIME IN HIS BOYHOOD AT THE TRADE OF A SOAP

BOILER AND TALLOW CHANDLER, WITH HIS FATHER.

Crossing Hanover Street, and continuing in Union

Street, the buildings occupied by Messrs. Edward P. &
Dwight Smith, wooden ware dealers, Orrin Day, stove
dealer, Asahel Wheeler & Co., dealers in artists' mate
rials, Daniel W. Gardner, dealer in burning fluid and
lamps, Samuel Dale, clothier, and D. C. Tolman & Co.,
were very elegantly adorned with folds and festoons of
various colored bunting, reaching from the roofs to the
awnings, and exhibiting a very beautiful appearance.
The residence of Mr. Nathaniel Nowell, at No. 92,
was neatly dressed, as was also the building of Mr.
Gassett.

DECORATIONS.

89

The large building, erected on the site of the old

Green Dragon Tavern, on the estate which has been
the property of St. Andrew's Lodge of Freemasons for
nearly a century, and which is noted for its connection
with many of the patriotic proceedings in the days
of the revolutionary struggles of the country, besides
its other decorations, was distinguished by a large sand
stone tablet, upon which is magnificently sculptured,
in very high relief, a representation of a dragon. This
emblem, designed to perpetuate in some degree the
memory of the renowned hall in which Joseph Warren,
Samuel and John Adams, John Hancock, Paul Revere,
and the principal patriots of the American Revolution
used to meet, and also to designate the Masons' Hall
of by-gone days, was inserted in the walls of the
present building, on the first of November, 1855, by
the lodge, under the instrumentality of the late John
Rayner, Esq.
In this portion of the route of the procession many
temporary balconies for spectators were erected, and
tastefully decorated. These were generally occupied
by young women and girls, dressed in white, and
decked with colored ribbons, producing a very pleasing
efiect, and, evidently, eliciting the approbation of those
who composed the procession, if the shouts of the
passers-by can be taken as a criterion.
The number of persons who were collected in the
street at this point of the route was very great.
a

90

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Haymarlcet Square.

The furniture warehouse of Messrs. James H. Beal

& Brother, Nos. 3 and 4 Hohnes's Block, in Haymarket
Square, and the carpet establishment of Messrs. Strout
& Bradford, Nos. 1 and 2 of the same block, made a
very fine show ; the whole front being handsomely
trimmed with bunting, in tasty festoons. On a line
running from these stores to the clock manufactory
of Messrs. J. J. Beals & Co. was suspended a beautiful
large American flag.
In front of the Boston and Maine railroad station
were displayed two magnificent national flags, almost
covering the entire front of the building, and so
arranged that the stars of the two commingled in a
large and very beautiful constellation. Besides these,
there were others of smaller size.
At this point of the route the procession turned
around the iron enclosure containing the fountain and
hydrant, and countermarching a short space, passed
into the next street, which runs very nearly parallel
to the northerly portion of Union Street.
Blackstone Street.

This street, laid out soon after the adoption of the

city charter by filling up the ancient canal, once the
Mill Creek, which formerly traversed the town, sepa
rating the " North End," so called, from the remaining

DECORATIONS.

91

part of the town, was in many places tastefully deco

rated, and presented very much the same appearance
as the portion of Union Street which was arranged
with temporary balconies.
The shop of Mr. Henry Cabot was well adorned
with flags.
At Nos. 134 and 136, the whole of the building
occupied by Messrs. Henry W. Jenkins & Co., and Wil
liam B. Merrill & Co., as stores, presented an elegant
appearance, being tastefully hung and decorated with
cloths of various colors.
At the corner of Hanover Street the store of Mr.
J. L. Goldthwait was tastefully decorated ; several
streamers being drawn together at the top of the
building, and the whole surmounted with a statuette
of Franklin.
The carpet store of Mr. W. P. B. Brooks was beau
tifully arrayed with various colored carpetings, hung
in graceful festoons.
Messrs. Barnes, Jennings & Co., furniture dealers,
also decorated their warerooms, and gave a very pleas
ant appearance to the front of their building, by a
projecting platform well filled with spectators.
Messrs. B. W. Dunklee & Co., dealers in furnaces,
stoves and ranges, displayed a flag bearing the motto
INDUSTRY AND FRUGALITY.
FRANKLIN.

92

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

The stove and furnace warehouse of Messrs. Chilson,

Richardson & Co., with the usual display of streamers
had also the very appropriate motto:
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN ORIGINATED THE FRANKLIN STOVE.

The premises occupied by Mr. John G. Copp, at

No. 142, were neatly hung with festoons of red, white
and blue cloth.
The agricultural warehouse of Messrs. Parker, White
& Gannett, on the corner of Blackstone and North
Streets, was entirely covered with bunting, of various
colors, neatly and tastily arranged, and a fine array
of flags reached from the building to the opposite
side of the street.
The New England House, at the corner of Blackstone and Clinton Streets, was very neatly dressed
with flags and bunting.
Many other buildings in the street exhibited dis
plays of flags and ship signals.
Clinton Street,

In this street the principal show was made by

Mr. P. Frederic Williston, tailor, at No. 4. The store
was freely and judiciously festooned with bunting of
the national colors, and a line of American and
Swedish flags was strung across the street. A picture
of Franklin prettily draped, and the model of a ship
in miniature, were placed over the door. The effect

DECORATIONS.

93

which the decorations on this building produced was

very pleasing, and elicited much attention from those
who passed on the route.
From the upper story of the store occupied by
Mr. C. Allen Browne, druggist, and others, on the cor
ner of the street, flags and streamers in great profusion
were extended across to the opposite corner. The
windows of this building were densely thronged with
ladies, who, from their waving flags and handkerchiefs,
attracted particular notice from the persons in the
procession, especially from the gallant students of
Harvard College.

Commercial Street.
The store of Messrs. Whitons, Browne & Wheel
wright, No. 23, was gaily decked with festoons of
various colored bunting.
The building occupied by Messrs. W. E. Lovejoy &
Co. exhibited a very handsome show of bunting, and
a marine picture with a sailor in the background.
The effect was pleasing.
Messrs. Blanchard & Brother displayed a beautiful
wreath surrounding the name of Franklin.
The Boston Corn Exchange had various appropriate
decorations. Flour barrels and corn and rye sheaves
filled many of the windows. From a large gilded
eagle on the front hung graceful folds of flags and
naval ensigns, exhibiting stars and stripes in great

94

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

number, and very prominent was one of Franklin's

sayings :
"IT IS HARD FOR AN EMPTY SACK TO STAND UPRIGHT."

The agricultural warehouse of Messrs. Gilbert Nourse

& Co., in the same block, made a very good show, being
well decorated with cloth of various colors arranged
in festoons and streamers from the large eagle that
formed part of their sign.
South Market Street.
The whole range of stores on this street displayed
groupings of bunting, neatly arranged, and interspersed
with numerous large and handsome national flags. The
sail loft of Mr. R M. Yale was particularly deserving
of notice, for the great variety of flags with which it
was decorated.
Across the eastern end of the street, where the
procession entered, a line of national flags was stretched,
another midway of the street, and a third at the head
of the street. On the stores of the southern side a
line of festoons extended along the upper windows,
from Commercial Street to Merchants Row, presenting
a very tasteful appearance.
Mr. George W. Torrey, at No. 25, displayed from
his store an original portrait of Franklin, said to have
been taken when he was about forty years of age.

DECORATIONS.

95

The picture is the property of the Boston Independent

Fusileers.
Merchants How.

The Market House and Faneuil Hall, connected by a

suspension bridge, and in which was held the eighth
triennial fair of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic
Association, were both decorated in a highly pleasing
and ornamental manner.
The extensive building occupied by Messrs. John
Gove & Co., as a clothing warehouse, was in each
story elegantly decorated, and the appearance of the
whole was very neat and tasteful.
The large building situated at the corner of State
Street was extremely well arrayed with colors and
streamers, by persons who occupied it
From Merchants Row, the procession, turning the
corner, entered
Stale Street.
Across this street, from the new and magnificent
store of Messrs. Thomas Groom & Co., stationers, in
India Building, were suspended two very beautiful
British ensigns.
Messrs. Naylor & Co., at No. 80, exhibited a line of
flags, American and Norwegian, making a fine show.
The Bank of Commerce displayed a large American
flag, adding much to the effect produced by the other
decorations of the neighboring buildings.

96

FRANKLDJ STATUE MEMORIAL.

Several other buildings fronting on the street were

ornamented with bunting and busts of Franklin vari
ously disposed, and others displayed the national flag.
The building at the corner of Congress Street, occu
pied as the printing and publishing office of the Boston
Evening Traveller, was decorated, exhibiting a large
and elegant American flag.
Messrs. Kinsley & Co., at their express office, had'
a bountiful display of bunting hanging gracefully from
the top of the building. Two flags bore the inscrip
tions one " Bay State," the other " Empire State."
The store of Messrs. Brown & Burditt, in the Old
State House, was liberally decorated with American
flags and banners, as was, also, the whole building
generally.
The printing and publishing house of the Bee, oppo
site the Old State House, was heavily draped with
bunting and flags, and otherwise ornamented with
streamers of various colors, making a very handsome
show. The other newspaper offices in the vicinity
of the street, especially those of the Atlas, Journal,
Times, and Chronicle, were handsomely dressed with
American flags.
Washington Street, from State to Milk Street.

On turning the corner from State Street, proceed

ing through Washington Street, the display was very
imposing; and the general view from the point of

DECORATIONS.

97

entrance which extended into the several streets radi

ating from the Old State House, was very fine and
effective.
The building occupied by Messrs. Lincoln & Foss,
Sylvester T. Crosby, and others, on the corner of Court
Street, appeared handsomely, and added much to the
general effect.
Messrs. Lane & Wheeler, stationers, at Nos. 72 and
74, made a fine display of festoons and streamers, and
presented to view, in a neat manner, a picture of
Franklin at the court of France.
The store of Messrs. Macomber & Co., at No. 87,
was neatly arrayed with bunting, of the prevailing
colors.
Mr. Gordon Forrest, ornamental printer, displayed
decorations of a unique design. The upper part pre
sented an American shield, with a representation of a
key upon one side, and a kite on the other. Beneath
was the inscription:
BOSTON BOY.
SOME WRITE IN BLOOD A NAME,
WHICH FAME IS EVER BRIGHTENING;
BUT FRANKLIN HAD A HEAVENLY AIM,
AND WROTE HIS NAME WITH LIGHTNING.

Under this inscription was a bust of Franklin.

The store occupied by Mr. Joseph L. Bates, dealer
in umbrellas and fancy goods, was highly decorated,
is

98

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

and presented a beautiful appearance ; the various col

ored bunting and flags being arranged with much
neatness and in excellent taste.
Messrs. Adams & Co., from their express office, dis
played lines of flags, and Mr. George Nichols and
Messrs. Whipple & Black exhibited very bountifully
various colored bunting disposed about the windows
of their building in graceful festoons, besides several
large flags.
Messrs. A. Williams & Co., booksellers, at No. 100,
presented handsome trimmings of red, white, and blue
bunting, arranged in folds and streamers, and the fol
lowing quotation:
" HE WAS AN HONOR, NOT ONLY TO HIS NATION,
BUT TO HUMAN NATURE." Lord Chatham.

The entrance to Spring Lane, between the building

occupied by Mr. J. S. Potter, decorative printer, and
that of Messrs. James Munroe & Co., and Josiah F.
Bumstead & Co., was distinguished by an eagle and
two large American flags, and the lane was almost
entirely covered with streamers and bunting, reaching
down to the dining saloon of Messrs. Jameson & Val
entine.
The building occupied by Mr. John Earle, Jr., and
by Comer's Commercial College, at the corner of School
Street, in addition to the American flags, and various
other decorations, had, in prominent letters, the fol

DECORATIONS.

VV

lowing inscription, taken from the sayings of Franklin,

in " Poor Richard : "
DILIGENCE IS THE MOTHER OF GOOD LUCK.

In the same street, between Milk and Franklin

Streets, through which the procession did not pass in
its course, were several decorations.
Mr. John D. G. Burdett, at his hat store, made a
very imposing show of bunting.
The entrance to Ordway Hall, once the Province
House, nearly fronting Milk Street, was decorated with
flags, and a portrait of Franklin.
Milk Street.

On entering this street from Washington Street the

first objects of show which met the eye were upon
the building occupied by Messrs. Widdifield & Co.,
opticians, and Messrs. Currier & Trott, dealers in jew
elry, watches and silver ware. The whole building
was handsomely hung with festoons of colored cloth,
and exhibited the following inscription:
WE RAISE A STATUE TO THE SAGE
WHOSE WISDOM LIVES THROUGH EVERY AGE.

A large paper kite, significant of the great philoso

pher's celebrated electrical experiment, was also sus
pended from the building.

100

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

From the Excelsior printing establishment, in this

neighborhood, were displayed very neat devices, among
which was a well-proportioned shield, with the words,
"OUR BEN."
On the Old South Church, forming one of the cor
ners of the street, was presented on a tablet the fol
lowing reminiscence :
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN WAS BAPTIZED IN THIS
CHURCH ON THE 17TH OF JANUARY, 1706, THE
REV. DR. WILLARD BEING THE PASTOR.

From this point of view the street presented a

magnificent appearance. The whole portion of the
street through which the procession was indicated to
pass was most elegantly and richly dressed with flags,
streamers and bunting in the most profuse abundance.
The eye was nearly bewildered by the beautiful effect
produced by the almost numberless lines of variegated
cloths and bunting which were employed to give effect
to the scene, and which seemed to fill the street like
a cloud. Never before was the appearance of this old
street so transformed by holiday shows and dressing.
The elegant display, the elaborate work of Col. Wil
liam Beals, won the admiration and approval of all
beholders.
Extending across the street was a beautiful arch,
surmounted with a large American eagle, holding a

DECORATIONS.

101

large bouquet of natural flowers in its beak, and

surrounded by a galaxy of national flags. Beneath
the eagle was shown a fine bust of the renowned
philosopher, and on both sides were ample folds of
cloth, of various colors, hanging in graceful form, and
making a beautiful arch over the route of the pro
cession.
Unquestionably, the most tasteful and elegant deco
ration anywhere to be seen on the route was the
elaborate and artistic display made by Messrs. Ordway,
Bradish & Co., and Messrs. Mason & Lawrence, at
Nos. 15 and 17 of this street, on the tall granite
building which bears, in solid stone, the inscription,
BIRTHPLACE OF FRANKLIN.

Upon the sidewalk was erected, at much cost, a gor

geous canopy of rich red velvet, brilliantly ornamented
with tassels and silver stars. Protected by this canopy
was a large and excellent bust of Franklin. An ele
gantly ornamented arch, supported upon two columns
draped with colored bunting and surmounted by an
immense star, surrounded the above design. On the
curve of the arch were the following words, neatly
executed in golden letters:
HE TOOK THE LIGHTNING FROM THE HEAVEN.

Within the arch was an admirable painting of the old

102

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

house wherein the parents of Franklin lived several

years, and in which many authorities declare that
Franklin was born. Upon this painting was inscribed,
THE HOUSE WHERE FRANKLIN WAS BORN.

In front of the picture was an urn trimmed with ever

green, and beneath the arch the inscription,
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN WAS BORN ON THIS SPOT
ON SUNDAY, THE 17TH OF JANUARY, A.D. 1706.

Above all, and completing the decoration, were festoons

of bunting and flags, and a gilt eagle.
Without discussing the question as to whether
Franklin was born in the Milk Street house, or in
some other, a description of the humble dwelling
which for many years has enjoyed that distinction
among men of competent knowledge and judgment,
will not be inappropriate in this connection.
After leaving Washington Street, and proceeding
a short distance into Milk Street, on the right hand,
or southerly, side, will be noticed a lofty warehouse,
built of granite in a durable form and manner, and
bearing, in raised letters beneath its cornice, "Birth
place of Franklin." This building occupies the site of
the old wooden house which tradition, supported by
good testimony, asserts to be that in which Boston's
most distinguished son was born, on the sixth of

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104

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

been others in the days of its early proprietors which

opened upon the easterly side of the house, the seats
of which were retained until the destruction of the
building. In the centre of the southerly side of the
room was one of those noted large fireplaces, situated
in a most capacious chimney, which are so well remem
bered as among the comforts of old houses; on the
left of this was a spacious closet, and on the right
the door, communicating with a small entry in which
were the stairs to the rooms above and to the cellar,
the latter of which was accessible to the street through
one of the old-fashioned cellar doors, situated partly in
the sidewalk.
On the ground floor, connecting with the sittingroom through the entry, was situated the kitchen, in
a tenfoot addition to the rear part of the main build
ing. The only windows from this part of the house
looked back upon a vacant lot of land in the extreme
rear of the lot which served as a yard and garden plat.
The second story originally contained but one cham
ber, and in this the windows, door, fireplace and closet,
were similar in number and position to those in the
parlor beneath it. Some of the later tenants divided
this room by a wooden partition, forming a small bed
room of the westerly portion, which received light only
through the side window facing Washington Street.
The attic was also, originally, one unplastered room,
and had a window in front on the street, and two com

DECORATIONS.

105

mon attic windows, one on each side of the roof, near

the back part of it. This room was, also, at an un
known time, divided by a partition into two apart
ments, one in front and the other in the rear.
Such was, undoubtedly, the condition and appear
ance of the house at the time when the parents of
Franklin dwelt within its walls, with their large family
of children, several of whom received their first light
beneath its roof; and such it continued about one
hundred years after the Franklins left it for a house
of their own at the present site of the gold ball, at
the corner of Hanover and Union Streets. But this
old and much honored building, though it had stood
from the colonial period of Massachusetts history,
through the provincial, and had withstood the effects
of the revolution, nevertheless was destroyed at last,
on Saturday, the twenty-ninth of December, 1810, by
fire communicated to it from the livery stable then
situated at the corner of Hawley Street, and kept by
Stephen L. Soper. At the time of the fire the house
was owned and occupied by Mr. John S. Lillie, whose
son, Mr. Thomas J. Lillie, was born in it, and remem
bers well every particular about the house, its inter
esting traditions, and final destruction. It was at this
tune that the Old South Meetinghouse took fire, and
was saved by the exertions of our aged fellow-citizen,
Isaac Harris, Esq., for which he received a silver testi
monial.

106

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

From the site of the old Franklin house, extending

to Federal Street, a line had been elevated, running
lengthwise through the middle of the street, from
which to the noble blocks of warehouses on each side
of the street there was an elegant display of double
festoons of bunting and cambric, forming arches of bril
liant hues of red, yellow, pink, green, white and blue,
and producing the most agreeable effect, resembling in
appearance an imaginary fairy arbor. At the lower
part of the street, near the opening of Federal Street,
was another arch of variegated cloths, having the same
general ornamental design as the arch at the head of
the street, and producing a similar pleasing effect.
The credit for this very beautiful display of decora
tions was due chiefly to the merchants occupying the
stately blocks of warehouses in Milk Street, and partly
to the Committee of Arrangements.
Federal Street.

The portion of this street from Milk Street to Frank

lin Street, through which the procession passed, was
very elegantly and tastefully decorated by the occu
pants of the stores.
On the corner, on first entering the street, Messrs.
Alfred A. Andrews & Co. made an admirable show of
festoons of bunting and flags, surmounted by a spread
eagle holding a wreath of evergreens in its beak. In
the centre of the display was a highly ornamental

DECORATIONS.

107

device containing a bust of Franklin very prettily

trimmed with evergreen.
The street presented very much the same appear
ance as Milk Street. From a line in the centre of the
street, running from Milk Street to Franklin Street,
flags of various nations depended, interspersed with
streamers. The following inscriptions, illustrative of
the long life and honorable career of Franklin, were
displayed on the store fronts :
BORN JANUARY 17TH, 1706.
TALLOW CHANDLER'S APPRENTICE, 1717.
PRINTER'S APPRENTICE, 1719.
AUTHOR, 1725.
DRY GOODS CLERK, 1727.
PRINTER, 1729.
LEGISLATOR FOR PENNSYLVANIA, 1732.
FOUNDER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA.
DEPUTY POSTMASTER GENERAL, 1751.
INVENTOR OF LIGHTNING RODS.
FELLOW OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY.
ORIGINATOR OF VOLUNTEER MILITIA.
COLONEL OF MILITIA.
REPRESENTATIVE OF AMERICA IN ENGLAND, 1764.
MEMBER OF CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1775.
COMMISSIONER PLENIPOTENTIARY TO FRANCE, 1776.
CONCLUDED FIRST TREATY FOR AMERICA, 1778.
DOCTOR OF LAWS, BY OXFORD.
MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY TO FRANCE, 1778.

108

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Franklin Street and Franklin Place.

The Franklin inscriptions were continued in this
street, as follows:
COMMISSIONER TO TREAT WITH ENGLAND, 1782.
PRESIDENT OF PENNSYLVANIA, 1785.
DELEGATE TO FEDERAL CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION, 1787.
DIED APRIL 17, 1790.

From the primary schoolhouse to the Roman Catho

lic church four large flags were extended, with the
motto,
FRANKLIN WE ALL UNITE TO HONOR HIM.

The residences of Mrs. Lydia A. Rogers and Mrs.

S. D. French, and the St. James Hotel, were each
neatly decorated.
Mr. Samuel May displayed across the street at the
entrance to Franklin Square the following inscription
in large letters:
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE
PENNSYLVANIA SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING THE ABO
LITION OF SLAVERY.

From the Hall of the Boston Library Society three

American flags were shown, with the inscription :
FRANKLIN 1793.

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DECORATIONS.

109

, The Franklin Monument in the enclosure in the

centre of the square, consisting of a large urn upon
a pedestal supported by a stone base, was tastefully
decorated with evergreen and flowers, the whole sur
mounted with lines of bunting arranged in the form
of a canopy for it. On the pedestal was the following
inscription :
*
BULFINCH ERECTED THIS MONUMENT IN MEMORY OF
FRANKLIN.

Above was a line of flags bearing the following inscrip

tion :
WHEN THIS PLACE WAS LAID OUT, IN 1793, THIS
MONUMENTAL URN WAS ERECTED IN HONOR OF
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN.

The residence of Mrs. Haven, at No. 22, was very

handsomely festooned, and over the front door there
was a bust of Franklin, neatly trimmed with ever
green.
The houses of Mr. Thomas A. Dexter and others
were liberally ornamented with flags.
At the corner of Hawley Street there was a line
of flags each having upon it one letter of the name
of " Franklin."
From the Pilot office a beautiful national, flag was
displayed having upon it "Franklin."
Mr. Bela Marsh, bookseller, extended from his store

110

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

an American flag, with the inscription, quoted from

Popes " Essay on Man " :
WORTH MAKES THE MAN.

Messrs. J. B. Jacobs, Augustus Brown, and William

B. Russell, displayed, with a line of national flags,
another quotation from the same source :
ONE TO-DAY IS WORTH TWO TO-MORROWS.

Mr. David Clapp, printer, exhibited a large kite, with

a representation of a key, at the corner of Washington
Street, with this inscription :
FRANKLIN ERIPUTT

C<ELO FULMEN, SCEPTRUMQUE

TYRANNIS.

From the building occupied by the same gentleman

were also displayed flags and the annexed :
WASHINGTON AND FRANKLIN AS THE STREETS WHICH
BEAR THEIR IMMORTAL NAMES ARE HERE INSEPARABLY
CONNECTED, SO ARE THEIR MEMORIES JOINED IN THE
UNIVERSAL

AFFECTION

AND

HOMAGE

OF

MANKIND.

Washington Street, from Franklin Street to Dover Street.

Opposite the head of Franklin Street a beautiful and

peculiar design met the view, and attracted the atten
tion of all passers. Messrs. Bradford & Co., engravers
and lithographers, exhibited a tablet of blue cloth,
dotted with silver stars, extending from the roof to the

DECORATIONS.

Ill

second story of their building, on which was displayed

the following inscription, in large silver letters :
THE MAN FOR WHOM SCIENCE AND POLITICS ARE
DISPUTING; WHO, EMBRACING EARTH AND HEAVEN
IN HIS IDEAS, COULD TAME THE VOICE OF THUNDER
AND OF DESPOTISM.
In the centre of the display was a very fine bust of
Franklin, and the whole was prettily set off with
bunting.
American flags were suspended from the store of
Messrs. George W. Warren & Co., and from the Marl
boro' Hotel.
The armory of the New England Guards was very
tastefully ornamented with flags and variously colored
streamers.
The premises of Mr. Edward Hennessey, at No. 268,
were neatly decorated with national colors.
Messrs. Hinds & Williams displayed a profusion of
bunting of the prevailing colors, and a bust of Franklin.
Messrs. Charles H. Bruce & Co., at No. 304, exhib
ited very neat and handsome decorations.
At the corner of Suffolk Place were suspended flags
and streamers, together with a shield put up by Messrs.
Theodore F. Harris and Joseph H. Sawyer, bearing
the following inscription:
FRANKLIN

THE LIGHTNINGS OF HEAVEN AND THE

TYRANTS OF EARTH YIELD

TO

THY GREAT MIND.

112

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

They also extended across the street a line of flags and

streamers.
The front of the Boston Theatre was very elabo
rately ornamented with silk flags, and festoons of
various colored bunting. A shield of the United States
surmounted with a liberty cap, with a bust of Franklin
in the foreground, produced a beautiful effect.
Messrs. Chase Brothers & Co. exhibited fine taste
in their decorations. In the same building, from the
upper story was shown a large American flag.
Messrs. Woodward & Brown, at No. 387, and Mr.
William K. Bacall, at No. 389, dressed their establish
ments very tastefully.
Gray's Building was very neatly and appropriately
adorned with national flags and bunting, by the occu
pant, Mr. Leopold Herman. This magnificent build
ing, in its superb dress, with its windows Avell filled
with ladies, made a most imposing appearance.
Messrs. Gaheny & Gendrot, carvers and cabinet
makers, exhibited from their premises a bust of Frank
lin, appropriately draped with colored festoons and
folds of bunting, producing a very agreeable and
pleasing effect.
Mr. George B. Milton, at No. 427, trimmed the
awning in front of his store with colored cloth of
various hues, with evergreen and flowers ; and exhib
ited a picture of Franklin, trimmed, also, with ever
green and flowers, in a very neat manner.

DECORATIONS.

113

At Boylston market were displayed two busts of

Franklin, and other decorations.
In the window of Mr. Stephen Emmons, a lineal
descendant of Franklin's uncle Benjamin the poet, an
.ancient picture of Franklin was an object of much
notice. It had attached to it the following memo
randum : tt This picture was sent from London, July
17, 1767, by Dr. Franklin, to my grandfather, Samuel
Franklin, a cousin of Dr. Franklin, and has been in
our family ever since."
Mr. Lemuel Gilbert, piano-forte manufacturer, made
a considerable show with three American flags.
In this part of the street many of the houses and
stores were ornamented very tastily with flags and
bunting. Among these the premises of Messrs. Wil
liam Trainer, Jr., George S. Kelt, William Mathews,
James Kelt, John S. Rogers, George W. Stevens, B. F.
Horn, Antoine Mattel, J. B. Starkweather and Patrick
Murtagh, were particularly deserving of notice, for the
neatness and elegance of the drapery.
The dwelling-house and store of Mr. D. A. Sahlien,
at No. 568, made a fine appearance, with a profusion
of colored festoons, and a tablet containing Poor Rich
ard's famous saying,
A STITCH IN TIME SAVES NINE.

The residence of Mrs. C. B. Cummings, No. 616,

was arrayed in a fine holiday suit. The windows were
v

114

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

hung with variously colored festoons, and over the

door was inscribed,
THE GREAT PRACTICAL ECONOMIST.

On the balustrade of the same house was a bust of

Franklin, prettily trimmed with evergreen and flowers,
and over it,
THE GREAT PHILOSOPHER.

Underneath was a quotation from Franklin's Proverbs,

in the following words :
HE THAT HATH A TRADE HATH AN ESTATE.

The dwelling-house of Hon. Moses Kimball, at the

corner of Oak Street, was highly ornamented, and with
much taste and neatness. Near the roof was placed
a very large and handsome eagle, from which were
extended small national flags, and depending there
from was a magnificent display of flags and streamers.
A bust of the great philosopher, elegantly draped,
was exposed to view, and the following inscription, in
prominent letters :
HONOR TO FRANKLIN THE MAN, THE MASON,
THE STATESMAN, THE PHILOSOPHER.

The dwelling-house of the late Mr. Alfred Richard

son, at the corner of Pine Street, had various national

DECORATIONS.

115

flags, and was beautifully decked with streamers, pre

senting truly a holiday appearance.
The adjoining residence of Mr. Henry W. Button
attracted much notice on account of its dress. The
balcony was tastefully draped and festooned with bunt
ing, and bore the following appropriate inscription:
"BY THE PRESS WE CAN SPEAK TO THE NATIONS."

Franklin.

A bust of Franklin and an American eagle, properly

disposed and draped, completed the decorations.
The store of Mr. A. G. Wilbor, apothecary, at the
corner of Indiana Street, exhibited a profusion of flags.
From the rooms of the Vernon Club, at No. 743,
there was a line of flags and Franklin's well known
words,

DON'T GIVE TOO MUCH FOR THE WHISTLE.

The dwelling-house of Mrs. M. Plympton, No. 740,
was handsomely arrayed in appropriate colors, and
made a fine display of flags and streamers.
Messrs. McFarland and B. N. Cumings made a
fine show at their residences, at the corner of Asylum
Street. Their houses were beautifully decorated with
flags and a bust of Franklin, and the following quota
tion was conspicuous :
"HELP ME TO BE FAITHFUL TO MY COUNTRY, CARE
FUL

FOR ITS

GOOD, VALIANT

FOR

ITS DEFENCE,

AND OBEDIENT TO ITS LAWS." Benjamin Franklin.

116

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Beneath the bust was the name of " Franklin," in large

gilt letters.
The stores occupied by Messrs. Joseph Hoar, pro
vision dealer, and Marshal M. Ripley, grocer, were well
ornamented.
Mr. John Green, Jr., painter, exhibited a variety of
devices and inscriptions. Among them was a repre
sentation of a printing press, with the motto :
THE TYRANT'S FOE, THE PEOPLE'S FRIEND.
Another device exhibited a globe, maps, and a Bible,
together with the words,
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER.

Beneath these were represented Masonic and other

symbols, and the inscription :
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN

A PHILOSOPHER, STATESMAN,

AND PATRIOT.

Messrs. N. J. Bradley, No. 776, George Homer, No.

778, and James M. Smith, No. 837, had their places
very handsomely trimmed.
The residence of Mr. Nathaniel Brewer, No. 877, was
decorated in good taste, and displayed a picture of
Franklin at the Court of France, together with a richly
ornamented banner formerly belonging to the ward,
and called the banner of the " Tea Party Ward." It

DECORATIONS.

11?

represented the destruction of the tea at Griffin's (now

Liverpool) Wharf, in 1773, and was inscribed,

FREEMEN'S RIGHT FREEMEN'S MIGHT.

TEA PARTY IN BOSTON, DECEMBER 16, 1773.
Dover Street.

This street was magnificently and most elaborately

decorated by the united effort of the public spirited
residents. From the corner of Washington, where the
procession entered, to Tremont Street, there was an
unbroken succession of tent-like arrangements of flags
and variegated streamers, which gave to the street a
very elegant and picturesque appearance.
At the entrance from Washington Street were two
large American flags, on one of which was inscribed,
FRANKLIN BORN JANUARY 17TH, 1706.

On the other was one of his sayings,

TIME IS MONEY.

Interspersed among the flags and streamers, which

literally formed a canopy to the street, were the follow
ing inscriptions, and several quotations from Franklin's
quaint sayings, taken chiefly from Poor Richard's Al
manac :
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN.
BORN JAN. 17, 1706 DIED APRIL 17, 1790.

118

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

A PLOWMAN ON HIS LEGS IS HIGHER THAN A GEN

TLEMAN ON HIS KNEES.
THE

GENIUS

WHICH

GAVE FREEDOM

TO

AMERICA,

AND SCATTERED TORRENTS OF LIGHT UPON EUROPE.

HE

KEPT HIS SPIRIT PURE

FROM WORLDLY TAINT BY

BENJAMIN

FRANKLIN

THE REPELLENT POWER

OP VIRTUE.
A LITTLE NEGLECT MAY BREED GREAT MISCHIEF.
SLOTH MAKETH ALL THINGS DIFFICULT, BUT INDUSTRY
ALL EASY.
ELECTRICITY THE WONDER OF THE WORLD.

HE THAT HATH A TRADE HATH AN ESTATE.

DON'T GIVE TOO MUCH FOR THE WHISTLE.
CONSTANT DROPPING WILL WEAR AWAY STONES.

IT IS HARD FOR AN EMPTY SACK TO STAND UPRIGHT.

Across the head of Shawmut Avenue was suspended,
A SMALL LEAK WILL SINK A GREAT SHIP.

At the head of Suffolk Street,

BE ASHAMED TO CATCH YOURSELF IDLE.

At the head of Emerald Street, leading into Dover

Street, a stand was erected and gayly decorated with
flags, mottoes, &c. Thirty-one girls dressed in white,
pupils of the Franklin School, occupied the stand, and
as the procession passed, united their sweet voices in

DECORATIONS.

119

singing a number of appropriate pieces. On every

side were mottoes from the wise maxims of Franklin,
and the following inscription :
FRANKLIN SCHOOL ESTABLISHED IN 1785.

In front of the platform was a bust of Franklin very

neatly trimmed.
Another motto in this vicinity was,
WHEN THE WELL IS DRY, WE KNOW THE WORTH OF
WATER.

Across the entrance to Village Street was a very

large flag, inscribed, * Park."
Mr. W. W. Clapp, Jr., at No. 25, displayed over his
door a picture of Franklin, with the inscriptions
BOSTON, SEPT. 17TH, 1856.
HE SHALL HAVE A NOBLE MEMORY.

Mr. Benjamin F. Tenney, at No. 9, displayed the

motto :
THE FAME THAT A MAN WINS HIMSELF, IS

BEST;

THAT HE MAY CALL HIS OWN.

On the residence of Mr. George H. Child, at No. 5,

was displayed,
WHILE FRANKLIN'S QUIET MEMORY CLIMBS TO HEAVEN,
CALMING THE LIGHTNING WHICH HE THENCE HATH RIVEN.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

At the junction of the street with Tremont Street

was a very large flag, with the motto, so often used
upon the route,
HE THAT HATH A TRADE HATH AN ESTATE.

Tremont Street, from Dover to Pleasant Street.

A portion of this part of the route was very beau

tifully adorned by the residents; nearly every house
having festoons and streamers tastefully arranged.
The dwelling-house of Mr. L. Leach, No. 495, was
neatly adorned with bunting of various colors, and
bore the following motto :
LITTLE STROKES FELL GREAT OAKS.

On the house of Mr. Warren Richardson, No. 488,

which was neatly trimmed, was the following inscrip
tion :
.
WE WILL KBTTP HIS NAME GREEN IN OUR MEMORY.

The promise given above was fulfilled, certainly for

the day of inauguration; for, on a white groundwork
with a border of evergreens and dahlias, was displayed,
FRANKLIN

THE PATRIOT, STATESMAN AND PHILOSOPHER.

Mr. Paul McNutt, at No. 441, displayed a line of

i, with the words,
HONOR TO FRANKLIN.

DECORATIONS.

121

The houses occupied by Messrs. Philip B. Read,

Freeman Rowland, J. H. Simonds and Benedict Salvo,
were neatly adorned. Besides other decorations, the
latter had a tablet, with the following words :
GONE, BUT NOT FORGOTTEN.

The residence of Mr. Gilbert Cummings, No. 343,

was elegantly draped with flags and bunting, and dis
played a picture of Franklin at the court of France,
with a bust of the philosopher, and a fine gilt eagle.
The residence of Mr. J. Kametti, No. 342, and that
of Mr. J. A. Robinson, at the corner of Pleasant Street,
were trimmed in excellent taste.
Pkasant Street.
The houses in this street were well decorated, many
of them bearing mottoes and sayings of Franklin.
The dwelling-house of Mr. Charles W. Stevens was
highly ornamented. A line of flags extended across
the street bore the following:
HIS KEYS UNLOCKED THE CLOUDS, AND TAMED THE
LIGHTNING TO HIS WILL.

On the left side of the inscription was a paper kite,

with the following words, in conspicuous letters :
SMALL MEANS.
16

122

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

On the right side was another similar kite inscribed,

GREAT ENDS.

The house of Mr. Edwin Brown was tastefully

trimmed with bunting of various colors, and displayed
a picture of Franklin at the court of France, neatly
draped.
Mr. John M. Bobbins displayed an elegant banner,
with the words,
LA FRANCE APPLAUDIT.

Charles Street.

In the portion of this street through which the

procession passed, there was no great chance for deco
rations, there being no buildings on either side. Nev
ertheless, the show from the Common and Public
Garden made up for the deficiency in the street. Nu
merous flags and streamers were arranged from tents
and trees, producing an agreeable effect
Beacon Street.

Some of the prominent points in this street were

decorated with flags and inscriptions.
Two Netherland Consular flags were suspended from
the house of B. Homer Dixon, Esq., at the corner of
Walnut Street.
A paper kite was shown at the corner of Joy Street.

DECORATIONS.

123

A line of flags was extended across the street,

between the house of Mr. Benjamin Guild and the
grocery store of Mr. W. H. Henderson, at the corner
of Bowdoin Street, with a profile likeness of Franklin
and a tablet with the words,
TIME IS MONEY.

On the reverse of this was also prominently inscribed,

BOSTON SETTLED 1630.

The stone building of the Boston Athenaeum was

somewhat adorned.
School Street.

The Parker House was magnificently decorated. Six

American flags waved from the balustrade. Upon this
were arranged eight large vases containing beautiful
natural flowers. On the front of the balcony were
two well formed shields ; the one at the right bore a
representation of a printing press, with the motto :
THINK INNOCENTLY AND JUSTLY; AND, IF YOU SPEAK,
SPEAK ACCORDINGLY.

The shield on the left had the representation of a

bee-hive, and the words,

INDUSTRY.
BE ALWAYS- EMPLOYED IN SOMETHINa USEFUL.
Immediately over the balcony was a large painting,

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

very well executed, representing Franklin, as a printer,

wheeling home on a hand-barrow a load of paper,
with the following descriptive quotation from his auto
biography :
I SOMETIMES BROUGHT HOME THE PAPER I PURCHASED AT
THE STORES, THROUGH THE STREETS, ON A WHEELBARROW.

An architectural design served as a border for the

picture, the two columns being entwined with grape
vines, full of rich-looking clusters of fruit. At the top
were the arms of the Franklin family. On the columns
were two shields, one bearing a kite, the other an
ancient electrical machine.
The printing office of Mr. N. S. Dearborn was gaily
decorated and festooned with drapery, the whole sur
mounted by an eagle. Across the street a flag was
extended with the words,
HONOR TO FRANKLIN.

Mr. Abner Haven, confectioner, displayed in front

of his store a bust of Franklin.
Messrs. Chichi & Garey, at their statuary rooms,
displayed busts of Franklin and other distinguished
persons, his compatriots.
The City HaU.

The municipal building of the city was most ele

gantly and appropriately decorated for the memorable

DECORATIONS.

125

occasion. Lines of flags of all nations, and streamers,

were extended across the square and street, producing
a beautiful effect. The area was chiefly covered with
the stage for the speakers, and the large platforms
for the spectators of the inaugural ceremonies.
Besides the above described decorations on the
route of the procession, there were many in other
parts of the city : for no class of citizens seemed to
be neglectful in doing homage to the memory of him
who had been their most distinguished townsman ;
but vied in paying honor to him who, more than any
other, had honored them.

PROCESSION

PKOCESSION.

THE procession was considered by all observers to be

one of the grandest and most extensive, both as regards
its length, and the great degree of ornament displayed,
that was ever witnessed in the streets of Boston. The
features distinguishing it from all others were its pecu
liarity and originality. It was composed of persons
of all classes, and of every condition in life ; citizens of
every grade and occupation striving with each other
in adding to the great show of the unexampled demon
stration. There were few parts of the pageant, indeed,
in which a special connection with the great Bostonian
was not evident. The military, the firemen, the mem
bers of the various trades and professions, the different
societies and associations literary, scientific, benevo
lent and religious were all represented on the memo
rable occasion, and all seemed to have some appropriate
reference or connection with the distinguished indi
vidual whose remembrance they seemed determined
should always be green in the city of his birth, which
he had. honored by his integrity and uprightness, by
17

130

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

his science and philosophy, by his wisdom and pru

dence, and by his living friendship and dying bequests.
The spirit of the remarkable man seemed to pervade
every part of the magnificent array.
As an exhibition of Boston, and its noble institutions
and enterprising inhabitants, the procession may be
regarded as a successful demonstration. The volunteer
militia was out in its strength and accustomed splendor,
and elicited from the numerous spectators the warmest
encomiums for promptness of action and soldierly ap
pearance. The firemen of the city, with their appara
tus in perfect working order and decked as became the
occasion, were truly an honor to Boston, and to the
event they so much aided to distinguish. The masonic
fraternity, in very rich and dazzling regalia a noble
brotherhood in deeds as well as professions won
from all a favorable recognition for then: great number,
brilliant appearance and general respectability. The
vast number of societies and associations, organized for
all kinds of good purposes and intentions, with badges,
decorations and uniforms in profuse variety, forming
a very large and attractive part of the array, made a
most imposing show, and added very much to the
spectacle.
The manner in which the business of Boston both
the manufacturing and the trading was represented
in the grand procession was most striking, and will
probably never be forgotten by those whose good for

PROCESSION.

131

tune it was to be witnesses of the successful demon

stration. Almost all the various branches of business
were well represented, and many of the individual
firms made remarkable displays. To a stranger, who
for the first time beheld such a sight, the appearance
of the immense numbers of substantial-looking trades
men and mechanics who composed the solid columns
of the various delegations, was truly astounding, and
gave a positive idea of the extent of the business done
in the city of Boston. One branch in particular, which
a few years ago was unknown in this community .
the express was most liberally provided with noble
teams and well laden wagons, demonstrating to be
holders the great extent to which the necessities of
increased business have multiplied new and important
conveniences. The whole array of the procession
afforded the most convincing illustration and conclusive
demonstration of the enterprise which exists in the
birthplace of Franklin.
The length of the procession was so great that it
occupied the whole route, which was about five miles;
so that when the vanguard, leaving Park Street Meet
inghouse, had proceeded northerly through Tremont
and other streets, to Haymarket Square, and thence
easterly to Commercial Street, where the course became
turned towards the south, and had advanced in its
serpentine route to its most southerly limit in Dover
Street, and had then on its return to the centre of the

132

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

city, passed through the Tremont Road and Pleasant

Street, by the Common on the two sides bounded by
Charles and Beacon Streets, to the corner of Beacon
and Tremont Streets, it came in contact with the sixth
division of the procession, which was only commencing
its progress, and several other divisions were yet to
pass, which consumed more than twenty minutes more.
It was two hours and fifty minutes in passing a given
point on the route.
Precisely at ten o'clock the procession started, with
commendable punctuality, and occupied more than four
hours in its passage over the route. The appearance
of the spectacle was most intensely interesting at two
o'clock in the afternoon; for at that time the whole
procession was in motion, and every element was fairly
in action. The whole route was at this time filled by
the procession, the vanguard just terminating, and the
rearguard of mounted policemen just commencing the
march. The sidewalks were covered with men and
boys, and the windows were filled with women and
children, eager spectators of what was passing. The
square in front of City Hall was thronged with those
who were so fortunate as to gain admission to hear
the exercises and witness the ceremonies.
The procession was arranged as nearly as possible to
conform with the program issued by the Chief Mar
shal, and proceeded through the appointed streets in
excellent order, as follows.

PROCESSION.

133

THE VANGUARD.

The procession was preceded by a select body of

policemen, mounted upon white horses, consisting of
the Deputy Chief, Luther A. Ham, Captains Edward H.
Savage, William K. Jones, Samuel G. Adams, Robert
Taylor, William B. Tarleton, and Lieutenants Nathaniel
G. Davis, Asa Morrill, Oliver Whitcomb, John S. Hunt,
William Chadbourn, James D. Russell, Alvan S. Drew
and William E. Hough ; all of whom were neatly and
uniformly dressed, each wearing a blue cloth cap encir
cled with a broad patent leather band bearing a silver
star in front ; blue coats trimmed with gilt buttons, and
black pantaloons. Besides the proper insignia of office,
each had other badges pertinent to the occasion. The
horses were well caparisoned, and bore the appropriate
emblems of the official position of their riders.

THE MILITARY ESCORT.

The First Brigade of Massachusetts Volunteer Militia,

having had the honorable appointment of performing
escort duty, came next in order, Colonel William W.
Bullock of the second regiment of infantry in com
mand, Brigadier General Samuel Andrews being pre
vented by severe illness from being present. Colonel
Bullock was accompanied by the officers composing
the staff of the brigade.

,134

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

BRIGADE STAFF: Brigade Major, P. Stearns Davis;

Aid-de-camp, Henry C. Brooks ; Quarter-master, William
Baker, Jr.; Engineer, Charles L. Holbrook.
The First Brigade comprises the following corps,
which appeared in the order given below, and with the
officers specified.
The Boston Light Artillery, under Captain Moses G.
Cobb ; Adjutant, Adin Partridge ; Surgeon, William
Otis Johnson ; with full battery of six field pieces and
caissons, sixty horses and ninety men.
The First Battalion of Light Dragoons, under Major
Thomas J. Pierce, with the Boston Brass Band. STAFF :
Adjutant, William F. White ; Quarter-master, Lucius
Slade; Surgeon, John D. Mason.
The companies of this battalion, as they appeared
in the procession, numbered about two hundred and
twenty-five men and horses, and were :
Company B. The Boston Light Dragoons, under
Captain Isaac H. Wright.
Company A. The National Lancers, under Captain
Charles A. Kimball.
The First Regiment of Infantry, under Colonel
Robert I. Burbank, with the regimental band, (Flagg's
Cornet.) Lieutenant Colonel, Albert J. Wright; Major,
Samuel G. Adams. STAFF: Adjutant, John R Hall;
Quarter-master, T. Bigelow Lawrence; Paymaster, Ed
ward G. Parker ; Surgeon, Frederic S. Ainsworth ; Sur
geon's Mate, Hasket Derby.

PROCESSION.

135

The companies of this regiment appeared under the

officers named, and in the following order, with about
four hundred men:
Company B.New England Guards, Captain Joseph
L. Henshaw ;
Company C. Pulaski Guards, Captain Joshua Jen
kins;
Company G. Washington Light Infantry, Lieuten
ant Edward W. Hinks ;
Company H. Mechanic Infantry, Captain George
West;
Company A. Boston Light Infantry, Lieutenant
William W. Cook;
Company F. Independent Boston Fusileers, Cap
tain Henry A. Snow;
Company D.Boston Light Guard, Lieutenant Wal
ter Miles;
Company E. Boston City Guard, Captain Isaac F.
Shepard.
The Second Regiment of Infantry, under Lieutenant
Colonel Thomas L; D. Perkins, with the Boston Cornet
Band. Major, Warren French. STAFF : Adjutant, Solon
Fisher ; Quarter-master, Daniel Cram ; Paymaster, Tim
othy Osgood; Surgeon, Rufus L. Hinckley; Surgeon's
Mate, T. Haven Bearing.
The companies of this regiment exhibited about
two hundred and eighty men, in the order and under
the officers mentioned below:

136

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Company A. Boston Phalanx, Captain Thomas H.

Evans ;
Company C. Washington Guards, Captain Joseph
N. Pennock ;
Company B. Union Guards, Captain Benjamin F.
Russell ;
Company F. National Guards, Captain Augustine
Harlow ;
Company E. Lafayette Guards, Captain Porter D.
Tripp;
Company D. Roxbury Infantry, Captain Isaac S.
BurrilL
The brigade, dressed in the regulation uniform, ap
peared very finely, fully sustaining its high character
and reputation for soldierly conduct and drill, bearing
the fatigues of the long and wearisome march with
great decorum, and in a manner alike honorable to the
Massachusetts Volunteer Militia and to the occasion
which called them forth to duty.

THE BOSTON FIRE DEPARTMENT.

Immediately following the military escort, the fire

department in full ranks, in some instances exceeding
the number prescribed by the city ordinances, appeared
in the procession arrayed in holiday costume. The
department was promptly in line at nine o'clock in the
morning, on Tremont and Boylston Street Malls, where

PROCESSION.

137

it was reviewed by his Honor, the Mayor, and many

other members of the city government. No body of
men in the whole procession acquitted themselves more
handsomely, or gave more satisfaction to the spectators,
than did the hardy members of this truly important
department. Under the Chief Engineer, the late Mr.
Elisha Smith, Jr., aided by the several assistant en
gineers, the following order was observed :
A delegation of fire police.
Chief Engineer and the following aids : Messrs.
Charles S. Clark, George W. Bird, Joseph Dunbar,
Nathaniel W. Pratt, David Chamberlin, David C. Meloon, Richard S. Martin, George F. Hibbard, Zenas E,
Smith.
Mr. Frederick A. Colburn, Secretary of the Board.
Music, Mount Washington Brass Band.
Mazeppa Engine Company, No. 1, William H. Cun
ningham, Foreman ; William H. Kaharl, Assistant Fore
man ; Frederick Richards, Clerk ; George F. Gould,
Steward. Uniform black glazed caps, red shirts faced
with blue, black pantaloons. Engine handsomely deco
rated. Forty-five men.
A splendid American silk flag was borne by this
company, which -was presented to them on the previous
evening by an ex-member and volunteer of Cataract,
No. 4, in the name of the company; the presentation
speech being made by Mr. John Gould, an active mem
ber of No. 4.
18

138

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Perkins Engine Company, No. 2, Daniel Weston, Jr.,

Foreman ; George A. Brown, Assistant Foreman ; John
B. Hill, Clerk; Theodore Hutchings, Steward. Uni
form black cloth caps, blue shirts, red facings, with a
shield on the breast, black pantaloons. Forty-two men.
Eagle Engine Company, No. 3, Edward W. Milliken,
Foreman; Hiram L. Wallingford, Assistant Foreman;
George D. Chubbuck, Clerk ; William A. Spooner, Stew
ard. Uniform black glazed caps, red shirts, black
and blue facings with silver trimmings, black panta
loons. Forty men.
Cataract Engine Company, No. 4, John S. Damrell,
Foreman ; John Prince, Assistant Foreman ; Rufus B.
Farrar, Clerk; Alexander H. Towne, Steward. Uni
form fire caps, red shirts, drab pantaloons, with patent
leather leggins. Bouquets of flowers in buckets on
Engine. The company carried a large silk national
flag in its ranks. Forty-eight men.
Extinguisher Engine Company, No. 5, William M.
Rumery, Foreman; Samuel W. Holt, Assistant Fore
man ; Eben H. Goodhue, Clerk ; David Riley, Steward.
Uniform blue caps, blue shirts, black pantaloons, and
patent leather leggins. Engine handsomely decorated
with bouquets of flowers, small flags and bunting.
Forty men.
Warren Hook and Ladder Company, No. 1, Jere
miah S. Stevens, Foreman ; Moses Place, Assistant Fore
man; Charles H. Merritt, Clerk; John S. Stevens,

PROCESSION.

139

Steward. Uniform black tarpaulin hats, red shirts,

blue trimmings, black pantaloons. Their carriage was
appropriately decorated. Twenty-three men.
Melvill Engine Company, No. 6, Benjamin H. Bayley, Foreman ; Charles C. Geyer, Assistant Foreman ;
Joseph M. Richardson, Clerk ; William Blake, Steward.
Uniform black hats, red shirts, with VI. on the breast,
black pantaloons. This company also carried a splendid
silk American flag. Forty men.
A delegation from Tiger Engine Company, No. 5,
Captain Charles Arlin, of Lowell, accompanied the
Melvill Company. Assistant Engineer William H. Lamson, of the Lowell Fire Department, was also in the
company.
Tiger Engine Company, No. 7, Charles C. Henry,
Foreman ; Thomas Whipple, Assistant Foreman ; Edwin
L. Leavitt, Clerk ; William Shelton, Steward. Uni
form fire caps, red shirts with black facings, black
pantaloons. Forty-two men.
Boston Engine Company, No. 8, Charles P. Shattuck,
Foreman ; Benjamin Tarbox, Assistant Foreman ; Julius
T. Parkhurst, Clerk; Archibald Smith, Steward. Uni
form blue cloth caps, red shirts with VIII. on the
breast, black pantaloons. A silken flag was borne in
the ranks of the company. Seventy men.
Maverick Engine Company, No. 9, John P. Somerby,
Foreman; Job H. Perkins, Assistant Foreman; Benja
min Varney, Clerk; Anthony Currant, Steward. Uni-

140

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

form blue caps, blue and red shirts, with IX. on the
breast, black pantaloons, with patent leather leggins.
Engine handsomely decorated with wreaths and bou
quets of flowers. Fifty men.
North Bridgewater Brass Band, G. E. Kingsley,
leader.
Dunbar Engine Company, No. 10, Joseph Baker,
Foreman ; George A. Tucker, Assistant Foreman ; John
Gray, Clerk; Alfred P. Inman, Steward. Uniform
black cloth caps with gold bands, blue shirts with red
facings, black pantaloons. Forty men.
Washington Hook and Ladder Company, No. 2,
Charles Simmons, Foreman ; James W. Seavey, Assist
ant Foreman ; William F. Hayes, Clerk ; Thaddeus
Holmes, Steward. Uniform blue cloth caps, blue
shirts, black pantaloons. Twenty men.
The ladder truck was decorated in a very appro
priate manner, the American colors being placed on the
right and left of the ladders, surrounded by flowers,
while on the top of the truck, in the centre of the lad
ders, was placed a large portrait of Washington.
Barnicoat Engine Company, No. 11, Henry A. Hunt
ing, Foreman ; Charles B. Maxfield, Assistant Foreman ;
Frederick W. Smith, Clerk ; Daniel S. Newell, Steward.
Uniform fire caps, red shirts, black pantaloons. En
gine tastefully decorated with ribbons, flowers and
streamers. Forty men.
Tremont Engine Company, No. 12, Oliver R Rob

PROCESSION.

141

bins, Foreman; John Hawkins, Assistant Foreman;

Levi W. Shaw, Clerk ; Robert D. Griggs, Steward. Uni
form white fire caps, red shirts with blue facings,
black pantaloons. Forty-one men.
Washington Hydrant Company, No. 1, Charles E.
Dunton, Foreman; Edward Gross, Assistant Foreman;
Alfred Williams, Clerk; George H. Delano, Steward.
Uniform scarlet caps, white shirts, black pantaloons.
Hose carriage decorated with flags, flowers and ever
green. Twenty-three men.
Union Hydrant Company, No. 2, Moses C. Thomp
son, Foreman; Henry L. Houghton, Assistant Foreman;
George Newton, Clerk; Jacob Smith, Steward. Uni
form black caps, red shirts, black pantaloons. Six
teen men.
Franklin Hydrant Company, No. 3, Jerome Nevins,
Foreman ; John S. Ryan, Assistant Foreman ; John
Colter, Clerk ; Henry M. Orcutt, Steward. Uniform
black caps, red and blue shirts, black pantaloons, with
patent leather leggins. Thirty-six men.
Suffolk Hydrant Company, No. 5, William H. Ford,
Foreman ; Benjamin F. Eeed, Assistant Foreman ; Sam
uel E. Ross, Clerk ; Silas Lovell, Steward. Uniform.
scarlet caps, blue shirts, black pantaloons. Twenty
men.
Deluge Hydrant Company, No. 6, Joseph Barnes,
Foreman ; Thomas B. Tilton, Assistant Foreman ; Wal
ter R Hill, Clerk; Horatio Ely, Steward. Uniform

142

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

blue caps, red shirts with blue facings, black pantaloons.

Twenty-two men.
Franklin Hook and Ladder Company, No. 3, Orlando
F. Marshall, Foreman ; George W. Warren, Assistant
Foreman; James F. Marston, Clerk; Ezra 0. Farrar,
Steward. Uniformed in good taste. Eighteen men.
Their carriage was beautifully decorated with bunt
ing, flowers and flags, and conspicuous in front was
displayed a life-size bust of Benjamin Franklin. On
one side of the carriage was an axe, in the handle of
which was inserted a neat silver plate, bearing an
inscription, indicating that it was in the hands of
Charles T. Warren, at the time he was killed while on
duty as a member of the company, at the fire in North
Street, on the afternoon of the twenty-ninth of July,
1856.
The fire department closed its display as it com
menced, with a delegation of fire police.
At this point of the procession there was music
by the Salem Brass Band, Mr. P. S. Gilmore, leader.
Colonel NEWELL A, THOMPSON, Chief Marshal, accom
panied by his aids, Messrs. Otis Kimball, William S.
King, James Dana, William W. Baker, William W.
Clapp, Jr., E. W. Pike, Joseph F. Hovey, Alexander Boyd,
David F. McGilvray, and J. Willard Rice, all mounted
upon horses, and wearing chapeaus, blue sashes, and
other appropriate insignia, came next in order.

PROCESSION.

143

The various divisions into which the procession was

arranged then appeared, in the following order :

THE FIRST DIVISION.

This was preceded by Colonel Asa Law, bearing the

standard. The division was under the immediate direc
tion of General JOHN S. TYLER, marshal, and his aids,
Messrs. Charles H. Appleton and Frederic W. Lin
coln; all of whom were on horseback. It comprised
the City Government, the Committee of Arrangements,
the Franklin Statue Committee, those who were to
take a special part in the exercises and ceremonies of
inauguration, the invited guests, and other official per
sonages, and was flanked by the Ancient and Honor
able Artillery Company, in uniform, with side arms,
under their commander, Colonel Marshall P. Wilder.
The order was as follows:
The Chief of Police, Mr. Daniel J. Coburn, mounted
on a black horse, with Captains William D. Eaton and
George M. King, as his aids, on white horses.
His Honor Alexander H. Rice, Mayor of the City ;
Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, the orator of the occasion ;
Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., Esq., President of the Massa
chusetts Charitable Mechanic Association ; and Rev.
George W. Blagden, chaplain; in an open barouche,
drawn by six gray horses.
Following this barouche were the Committee of

144

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Arrangements of the City Council, represented by Mr

Farnham Plummer, the chairman, and others ; the mem
bers of the two branches of the City Government; the
members of the Franklin Statue Committee, and sev
eral distinguished citizens and strangers. The above
were arranged in carriages, nearly as follows :
Hon. Nathan Appleton; Hon. William Appleton;
Professor Robert Hare, of Philadelphia; and Reuben
Reed, Esq.
Hon. Edward Everett ; Hon. Josiah Quincy, Senior ;
Hon. Stephen Fairbanks ; and Hon. Jared Sparks.
Hon. Charles Wells ; Dr. Jacob Bigelow ; George G.
Smith, Esq.; and Isaac Harris, Esq.
Rev. James Walker, President of Harvard College ;
Hon. James Savage ; and the Right Rev. Manton Eastburn.
CoL Benjamin Loring; Hon. Richard Frothingham,
ex-Mayor of Charlestown; Theophilus R Marvin, Esq.;
and Nathaniel B. Shurtleffi
Hon. David Sears; James Clark, Esq.; and Thomas
Blanchard, Esq.
Henry N. Hooper, Esq.; James Lawrence, Esq.;
John Cowdin, Esq.; and John H. Thorndike, Esq.
Other members of the City Government and of
the Statue Committee not mentioned above, were in.
other positions, or joined the procession in more active
capacities; among these were Hon. Osmyn Brewster,
L. M. Standish, Esq., Joseph L. Bates, Esq., Charles G.

PROCESSION.

145

King, Esq., Otis Tufts, Esq., Daniel N. Haskell, Esq., and

Epes Sargent, Esq.
Col. Thomas Aspinwall, Major J. Grafton, Capt.
Hough, and Lieut. Rice, veterans of the war of 1812.
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences, incor
porated in 1780, followed next. This is the only
society now existing in Massachusetts of which Frank
lin was a member.
The foregoing were flanked by the Ancient and
Honorable Artillery Company, bearing side arms only.
Next came His Excellency Henry J. Gardner, with
two aids-de-camp, Messrs. George M. Thacher and Ithamar F. Conkey ; and John M. Clark, Esq., High Sheriff
of Suffolk, in a barouche drawn by four gray horses ;
the Independent corps of Cadets, Lieutenant Colonel
Thomas C. Amory commanding, acting as body guard.
Next followed in carriages, His Honor Henry W.
Benchley, Lieutenant Governor, with two of the aidsde-camp of the Governor, Messrs. J. Franklin Bates,
and Jonas H. French ; and Ebenezer W. Stone, the
Adjutant General of the Commonwealth.
The members of the Executive Council in carriages.
The members of the last Legislature, in carriages.
Ex-Mayors of the City, and the reverend clergy.
The Professors and other instructors of Harvard
College, Commissioners and Trustees of the Public
Library of the City, and the other official personages,
as indicated in the program.
19

146

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Hon. Samuel H. Walley, Hon. Anson Burlingame,

and other Representatives and ex-Representatives in
Congress, from Massachusetts.
The Count de Sartiges, the French Minister, and
members of his suite.
Gen. Robles, the Mexican Minister.
The Mayors and members of the City Governments
of Roxbury, Charlestown, Salem, Lowell, Cambridge,
and other cities.
The United States Navy was represented by Pursers
Bates and Slamm, and Lieut. Kimberly, and by Lieut.
Jones, of the Marine Corps, and Dr. Suddards.

THE SECOND DIVISION.

The next division was under the direction of Colonel

THOMAS E. CHICKERING, marshal, and his aids, Messrs.
Charles G. King, Granville Mears, Josiah B. Richardson
and Abel Tompkins, all on horseback, with suitable
badges and decorations. The division comprised a
very considerable portion of the mechanics and me
chanical trades of Boston.
This division was one of the great features of the
procession, and excited more general interest than any
other portion of the array, partly on account of its
extensiveness, and chiefly for its general diversity .and
peculiarities.
First appeared the members of the Massachusetts

PROCESSION.

147

Charitable Mechanic Association, led off by Vice Presi

dent Joseph M. Wightman, and Secretary Joseph L.
Bates. The Association appeared finely, although many
of its members filled conspicuous stations in other parts
of the procession. One of the members bore in the
front ranks a beautiful silk banner, with the inscription,
MASSACHUSETTS CHARITABLE MECHANIC ASSOCIATION.
PRESENTED BY SAMUEL T. ARMSTRONG, JUNE 17, 1843.

Upon the reverse were the name of the association and

the words,
FOUNDED 1795.

INCORPORATED IN 1806.

BE JUST, AND FEAR NOT.

There were not less than two hundred men in this

body. Several of the aged and infirm members of the
association rode in three elegant barouches; among
whom were Messrs. Robert Bacon, Josiah Robbins,
Jonathan Loring, Thomas Townsend, Nathaniel Faxon
and Ezra Dyer.
Next followed the mechanical trades, making a most
remarkable display, in nearly the following order, with
a great profusion of ornaments, badges and appropri
ate emblems.
A car, covered with a canopy of flags and other
drapery, containing sixteen children representing a vil
lage school, and inscribed with the names of the Adams,
Normal, Dwight, and Lawrence schools, commenced

148

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

very appropriately this part of the procession.

following mottoes were on the car:
FREE SCHOOLS ARE THE

FORTIFICATIONS

OF

The

OUR

INDEPENDENT GOVERNMENT.
WE HONOR FRANKLIN.
WE REMEMBER OUR SCHOOL DAYS WITH PLEASURE.

This car, like many others, attracted much notice,

and the little pupils, in their neat attire, with joyous
faces, and intelligence peering from their bright eyes,
seemed to be perfectly delighted with their novel posi
tion. The car was fitted up with newly unproved
school furniture, by Mr. William G. Shattuck.
Another carriage contained numerous convenient
and useful specimens of school furniture, from Mr.
William 0. Haskell, 141 North Street, with the inscrip
tions, on a large blackboard,
EDUCATION LESSENS TAXATION.
FREE SCHOOLS MAKE FREE MEN.

Then followed the artisans from the Ames Manu

facturing Company, of Chicopee, to the number of
one hundred and seventy-five, under the marshalship
of Mr. William Barnes. At their establishment the
statue of Franklin was cast. They had with them a
beautiful banner, trimmed with rich flowers, and sev
eral pyramids of wares one of the latter consisting

PROCESSION.

149

of swords, and other edged weapons, arranged on black

velvet, with scabbards and handles of the most costly
descriptions; another consisted of specimens of the
splendid silver ware manufactured by the company,
including a vegetable dish worth about four hundred
dollars. There were also borne on the shoulders of
men statuettes in bronze of Webster and Washington,
and a medallion of Franklin. Several others of the
workmen carried a miniature brass cannon.
The South Beading Band.
The Society of the Bakers of Boston, numbering
two hundred, was next in order, under the marshalship
of Mr. Jesse Maynard. Their banner bore the words,
PRAISE GOD FOR ALL THINGS.
UNITED WE STAND," WHILE FRIENDSHIP 's OUR TIE.
SEVER THIS BOND AND WE WILL DIE;

and it was adorned with descriptive emblems, such as

sheaves, scales, and loaves of bread, and tastefully
mounted with gold fringe. It was borne by Mr. Patrick
Finley and his two boys.
After the journeymen bakers came the employers,
uniformed with resetted sashes, followed by a car,
drawn by four horses, and decorated with streamers,
containing twelve men attired in white aprons, with
bare arms, at work amid flour and bread, under the
direction of Mr. Charles Eaton. In the same car was a

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

cracker-making machine and barrels of flour, and as it

moved along the streets the bakers dispensed crackers
and various kinds of cake among the crowd.
Next came a representation from the Boston Sugar
Refinery. They had a car, drawn by eight horses,
loaded with barrels of the various brands of sugar
prepared at the establishment. Two hundred of the
men employed in the works appeared in the procession,
wearing white aprons fastened at the waist by blue
ribbons, with Mr. Frederic Pease for their marshal.
Immediately after the sugar refiners followed a
wagon belonging to Messrs. Stickney & Poor, No. 8
Chatham Row, drawn by four horses, and filled with
coffee, mustard and prepared spices.
Mr. Ziba Stearns, grocer, Nos. 84 and 86 Kneeland
Street, had a wagon loaded with ale and lager beer.
A car containing furniture polish, manufactured by
Mr. Daniel H. Shirley, No. 197 Washington Street,
attracted considerable notice. It contained a mam
moth bottle, ten feet high, duly labelled, drawn by
four horses.
Messrs. William H. Maine & Co., soapstone workers,
exhibited various specimens of sinks, tubs, registers,
and other household apparatus, in a wagon drawn by
two horses.
Following this was a car drawn by four black horses,
representing the establishment of Messrs. Baldwin &
Emerson, freestone workers.

PROCESSION.

151

A wagon similarly loaded bore the name of Mr.

C. H. Foran, and came next.
From Messrs. Clark & Hunt, with a star spangled
canopy, a wagon containing specimens of stencil plate
workmanship, followed in order.
Next followed a car from the Connecticut North
River Flagstone and Freestone Manufactory, drawn
by four horses, with a bracket carved from freestone.
Next in the line was a car from the South Bos
ton Iron Foundry, on which was drawn, by five fine
horses, a large cannon, of nine inch bore, and weighing
9,200 pounds, cast for Said Pasha, for the steamship
"Voyageur de la Mer," by Mr. George A. Stone; also
two bronze four pound cannon, and a pile of teninch bomb-shells, with specimens of gearing. From
the car floated the American ensign. Following the
car were one hundred and twenty-five employees, car
rying a banner, showing the date of the establishment
of the business, which was in 1827. On their banner
was the motto:
IRON MORE USEFUL THAN GOLD.

Two cars from the Bay State Iron Works of Soutli

Boston, with fine specimens of iron ore, pig iron, and
car rails. Following the car were about three hundred
employees, dressed with black pantaloons, blue shirts,
and wearing belts, and hat band badges, under the
marshalship of Mr. John Reed. In then- ranks were

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

borne the American ensign, and a banner with the

significant motto:
WE HANDLE OUR TOOLS WITHOUT MITTENS.

A car .from the Boston Chain Works, filled with

chains of various sizes, was drawn by sixteen horses.
From the Boston Locomotive Works were two hun
dred men with banners, the first inscribed with the
word "Machinists." Another banner bore a portrait
of Franklin, and underneath it, "The Mechanic and
Philosopher." Another had the motto :
"HE THAT HATH A TRADE HATH AN ESTATE." FranJclin.

A beautifully constructed and ornamented locomotive,

named " Franklin," on a large car drawn by twenty-four
horses, attested the skill of the workmen. From the
same works was a car loaded with ponderous iron car
wheels, drawn by twelve powerful horses.
From the Globe Locomotive Works were one hun
dred and fifty men, accompanying an elegant and
highly finished locomotive, drawn by ten horses. They
bore a beautiful banner of pink silk, trimmed with
gold.
The next car was drawn by eight large horses, and
represented the establishment of Mr. Harrison Loring,
South Boston, stationary and marine engine builder.
It contained a machine manufactured to order for a

PROCESSION.

sugar plantation in the West Indies.

were the subjoined mottoes :
MECHANIC

ARTS

WITHOUT

153

On the car

THEM THERE

CAN

BE

NEITHER CIVILIZATION NOR WEALTH.

MANUFACTURES AND COMMERCE MAKE A NATION RICH.

A negro was tending the mill, putting a cane in with

one hand, and in the other holding a card, on which
was written, * I feeds it."
Immediately following was a truck drawn by three
horses, elegantly caparisoned, from the establishment
of Messrs. Edwards, Fernald & Kershaw, loaded with
splendid iron safes, and succeeded by thirty workmen.
Next in order was the Union Safe of Messrs. John E.
Wilder & Co., No. 25 Merchants Row. Their carriage
contained four safes, one large and very beautiful,
labelled "The Union Safe;" the others of various pat
terns, but all of neat style and excellent workmanship.
The car was drawn by four horses, and was decorated
with evergreen and American flags.
A large caravan from the establishment of Messrs.
Denio & Roberts, corner of Causeway and Friend
Streets, contained three large and very fine safes of
excellent manufacture. There were, also, about fifty
men from this establishment, and another car loaded
with manufactured iron.
From Messrs. Smith & Lovett was a car containing
finished edge tools, a forge, vise and anvil, with men at
90

154

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

work in leathern aprons, and producing, in a fine man

ner, the " anvil chorus " for the benefit of the numerous
spectators. On banners borne in this car were the fol
lowing mottoes :
HANDLE YOUR TOOLS WITHOUT MITTENS.
DILIGENCE IS THE MOTHER OF GOOD LUCK.

The next car was that of Messrs. James J. Waiworth & Co., of Nos. 18 and 22 Devonshire Street,
engineers and iron tube manufacturers, drawn by six
horses with plumes on their heads. This was fitted
up with gas fixtures, pipes, and various other articles
of manufacture, elegantly draped, and bore the well
chosen inscription,
PRACTICAL, NOT POLITICAL, PIPE-LAYERS.

The banner floating from the top had the words " Light
and heat," as indicative of the nature of their busi
ness. About one hundred and twenty men appeared
in the line with this car.
Next, a car from the New England Gas Pipe Com
pany, Mr. Josiah B. Richardson, Agent, loaded with
chandeliers and elegant gas fixtures, and drawn by
two horses.
Among the most interesting objects in the pro
cession was the carriage which followed the one just
described. It was a large car, or canopy, fitted up in
a superior style of elegance, and contained the first

PROCESSION.

155

grand piano by the late Mr. Jonas Chickering, in the

year 1824. On the car were inscribed these lines:
MUSIC EXALTS EACH JOY, ALLAYS EACH GRIEF,
EXPELS DISEASES, SOFTENS EVERY PAIN,
BIDS EVERY PASSION REVEL OR BB STILL.

The Salem Bay State Band accompanied the display

of the Chickerings, and in the ranks of the employees
was borne a beautiful and richly ornamented silk ban
ner, with orange-colored fringe, bearing the inscription
on one side,
CHICKERING & SONS, PIANO-FORTE MAKERS, ESTAB
LISHED BY JONAS CHICKERING IN 1803.

Then followed two elegant barouches, each drawn by

four black horses, for the accommodation of workmen
advanced in years, and no longer able to do active
duty. In one of these was a person eighty-four years
old. On the driver's seat of one of the barouches sat
a miniature model of a gentleman of the old school.
Then came the second car, covered with a canopy of
white and pink, with two new grand pianos, and thus
inscribed :
WORK FOR SOME GOOD, BE IT EVER SO SLOWLY J
CHERISH SOME FLOWER, BE IT EVER SO LOWLY J

LABOR! ALL LABOR is NOBLE AND HOLY.

Then followed, on foot, about two hundred and seventy-

156

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

seven of the employees, and immediately after them

another car containing the last grand piano-forte made
at the establishment.
From Messrs. Hallett, Davis & Co. was a car with
pillars of gold and blue, splendidly draped, and drawn
by six black horses. In the car were two pianos, of
strange and amusing contrast in their looks and qual
ity, as would be inferred from the following explana^
tory descriptions : " This piano made one hundred and
eighty-seven years before Franklin's birth." " This
piano made one hundred and fifty years after Frank
lin's birth." Upon the ancient instrument leaned an
individual dressed in the style of the time in which
it was used. Accompanying this display were one
hundred and seventy-five men from the manufactory,
and a barouche occupied by the proprietors.
Next came a car drawn by four white horses, with
crimson plumes, containing a representation from the
journeymen hatters. On a banner borne by them was
inscribed,
ST. CLEMENT, THE FOUNDER OF FELT,

with a picture of the patron saint. In a car operations

in this department of industry were actively carried
on, and the people were initiated into the mysteries
of the art. Attached to the canopy over the car was
the motto:
WE ASSIST EACH OTHER IN TIME OF NEED.

PROCESSION.

157

There was also a car drawn by four horses, upon which

these mottoes were inscribed :
WE UNTIE TO SUSTAIN.
THE INTERESTS OF EMPLOYERS AND JOURNEYMEN ARE
INSEPARABLE.

This was followed by seventy-five hatters, carrying a

banner with the following :
WE CROWN THE HEADS OF THE SOVEREIGN PEOPLE.

A car from Messrs. W. F. Shaw & Co., finely cano

pied and trimmed, was drawn by four horses, and
contained gas stoves, chandeliers, and much other ele
gant work. In the same car was a work-bench, with
tools and workmen.
A wagon came next, drawn by a single horse, from
the gas fitting establishment of Messrs. S. A. Stetson &
Co., No. 350 Washington Street. It contained splendid
specimens of various kinds of gas pipes, chandeliers,
&c. Another carriage from the same establishment
contained a number of men industriously at work at
their trade.
The Boston Cordwainers' Association appeared next,
represented by about one hundred and fifty members,
wearing badges of blue, with the banner of their
society, and also carrying in their ranks an American
ensign.

158

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

The pump and block makers had with them a huge

car, covered with blocks, pumps, steering wheels, and
various other articles of their manufacture, and on the
opposite sides appeared two tackle blocks, one of the
olden time contrasted with one of the present day. A
delegation of about fifty persons followed on foot, with
badges.
Messrs. Chase Brothers & Co., No. 383 Washington
Street, exhibited a car, drawn by four horses, contain
ing some of the most beautiful specimens of their
manufacture of iron ware, over the top of which a
very large spread eagle was displayed. The elegant
iron railing, vases, and fine ornamental statues of vari
ous descriptions which grace their store furnished the
means of making a very pleasing display on this occa
sion.
A model of Simpson's patent dry dock, East Boston,
was represented on a car, and was accompanied by a
large body of shipwrights. With them was a very fine
model of a full rigged clipper ship, by Mr. William
Sherifls, which attracted great attention.
The shipwrights and calkers, numbering fifty-five
men, with a banner used at the reception of Washing
ton in Boston, and in the procession on the occasion
of his funeral eulogy.
The clothes drying machines of Mr. John H. Evans,
of Cambridgeport, and a wagon filled with Messrs. Chat
fee & Co.'s charcoal followed in course.

PROCESSION.

159

The next in order was the United Benevolent Jour

neymen Tailors' Society, consisting of about three hun
dred men, bearing a banner on which was inscribed,
FOUNDED IN 1806.
AND THEY SEWED FIG LEAVES TOGETHER.
.

With an emblem of Love making overtures to Hatred.

Upon a large banner was displayed,
WE AID EACH OTHER.
WE CLOTHE THE NAKED.

With a representation of a rustic scene and sheepshearing.

Next came a carriage arranged like a ready-made
clothing establishment, from Oak Hall, upon a platform
of which was arranged children's clothing, in every
variety, and the mottoes,
DRIVE THY BUSINESS LET NOT THAT DRIVE THEE.
LARGE SALES AND SMALL PROFITS.
NO GAINS WITHOUT PAINS.

A car conveyed a fine wooden model of the new

Public Library, supported on Corinthian capitals, made
by Messrs. Fracke & Jones, Mr. Charles K. Kirby
being the architect. The model was extremely well
made, and attracted much notice from the spectators.

1GO

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

The masons and bricklayers of Boston, numbering

about one hundred and twenty, followed next, with a
banner having on one side a painting of the old
Franklin house, on Milk Street, and on the reverse a
representation of a building in process of erection,
with builders' tools, and all the kinds of apparatus
generally used. On the same banner were the* sub
joined inscriptions :
BENJAMIN

FRANKLIN, SON

FRANKLIN, BORN

OF

JOSIAH AND

JANUARY, 1706, DIED

ABIAH

APRIL, 1790,

AGED 84} YEARS.

THE TOWN

OF

BOSTON, IN

APRIL,

1691, GRANTED

LIBERTY TO JOSIAH FRANKLIN TO ERECT A BUILDING

EIGHT
HOUSE.

FEET
THE

SQUARE,
OLD

NEAR

FRANKLIN

THE

SOUTH

HOUSE

WAS

MEETING
BURNED

DEC. 29TH, 1810.

On another banner was a representation of the ele

gant granite warehouse now occupying the site of the
old Franklin house. Then followed two barouches,
each drawn by four horses, and occupied by retired
master masons ; among whom were Messrs. Robert
Marsh, Mordecai L. Wallis, Caleb Metcalf, Thomas Tilden, and Ward Litchfield, with several other very aged
members of the craft
The cigar makers had a car, with four white horses,
in which the different branches of the manufacture of
cigars were carried on by workmen and girls, followed

PROCESSION.

by seventy workmen on foot.

161

There was on the car a

flag, with the inscription,

THIS FLAG WAS CARRIED IN PROCESSION ON THE
OCCASION OF WASHINGTON'S RECEPTION IN THIS CITY,
1793.

It bore the emblem of a hand holding out a quantity

of tobacco. On the car were suspended very large
tobacco leaves and gigantic 'cigars.
Messrs. James G. Blake & Co., No. 12 Cornhill, made
a fine display. They exhibited two cars one drawn
by four horses, loaded with sideboards, tables, and other
furniture of an elegant description while the second
was an artistically painted canopy of costly crimson
hangings, trimmed with gold, forming a boudoir, beneath
which, as in a parlor, a group of gentlemen and ladies
sat around a table of a beautiful design.
Messrs. T. K. Very & Co., the celebrated farriers, had
a team with three horses, loaded with goods.
Mr. Dennis W. Bailey, of No. 7 Liberty Square, had
a wagon exhibiting Warren's unproved composition
roofing, for which they are agents. Another wagon
followed, filled with Warren's fire and water proof roof
ing material.
A wagon from Mr. D. McB. Thaxter's kindling wood
establishment succeeded next in order.
Messrs. Moody, Webber & Co., of No. 24 Tremont
Street, exhibited some splendid specimens of their

162

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

papier mache goods, such as grapes, cornices and other

ornamental work, in a wagon.
Next came the coopers of Boston and vicinity, num
bering one hundred and fifty, with a car drawn by four
horses, and containing workmen engaged in making a
cask, a job which they seemed determined to fully
achieve before the procession completed its route. In
the ranks of the coopers was carried a banner which
was used by them at the festivities attending the
declaration of peace, in 1815. It was of silk, and bore
a picture emblematical of the trade.
Messrs. Winde & Clinkard of Chelsea came next,'
displaying a boat, drawn by two horses, and a neat
model of a clipper ship, surmounted by an arch, with
the motto,
WE HONOR THE TRULT GREAT.

Mr. H. B. Clinkard's name appeared on a fine cedar

boat of six oars, no less than fifty-three feet in length,
which was drawn in the procession by two horses.
Another car followed, drawn by four white horses.
It represented the establishment of Messrs. Henry N.
Hooper & Co., Causeway Street. The sides of the car
riage were of sheet copper. Upon it was a monster
bell, weighing 3,074 pounds. It was cast at that estab
lishment. Upon a beautiful silk banner in the rear
of a body of one hundred and fifty workmen of this
factory, was a portrait inscribed with the name of

PROCESSION.

163

"Paul Revere," and the banner was decorated with

crimson drapery. Some of the members of the firm
rode in an elegant barouche.
Then came the Chelsea Brass Band, followed by a
deputation from Mr. William Carleton's factory, No. 12
Beach Street, bearing a silk banner, with the words,
FRANKLIN MADE

LIGHTNING FIXTURES; WE MAKE

FIXTURES FOR LIGHTING.

The workmen in this section, one hundred and seventyfive in number, carried short ornamental gas pipes in
their hands. Then came the brass founders, from the
same establishment.
From Messrs. Gavett & Co., brass founders and fin
ishers, were four hundred employees, with a banner, on
which was a portrait of Paul Revere.
A carriage followed upon which was a wheel of a
ship and other steering apparatus, from the factory of
Messrs. G. W. Robinson & Co.
Following, was a carriage containing samples from
the store of Mr. J. Russell Spalding, Tremont Row.
The plumbers of Boston, to the number of one hun
dred and four, came next, bearing a banner denoting
their trade, and upon the reverse, "Franklin Statue
Inaugurated Sepl 17, 1856."
Next came a wagon from the establishment of Mr.
B. F. Dudley, plumber, No. 66 Harrison Avenue, con
taining specimens of plumbing work, faucets, &c.

164

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Immediately following was a carriage with four

white horses, from the American Steam Gauge Com
pany, Boston, containing a large and fine specimen
of work from the establishment.
Then came the silversmiths and jewelers, bearing a
banner, with gorgeous trappings of gold and jewelry,
of considerable value, designed by Mr. J. M. Ford. In
the ranks of the jewelers was a pyramid, covered with
black velvet, and ornamented with bouquets, on which
was a variety of silver wares. A car, however, was the
great feature in this part of the procession. This was
the boat sleigh body known as the " Northern Light,"
and was handsomely decorated and drawn by six of
Mr. Gipson's best horses, and contained many of the
principal masters of the two trades. Rising above all
else in this car was a pyramidal tower, ornamented
with flowers and covered with silver ware and jewelry,
estimated to be worth from $25,000 to $30,000, in
cluding the magnificent silver trumpets from Messrs.
Harding & Co., which were to be awarded to the suc
cessful competitors for the firemen's prizes. Besides
these there were massive silver pitchers, urns, trays,
goblets, numerous gold watches, lockets, chains, and a
great profusion of rich jewelry, the whole forming a
spectacle of dazzling magnificence. On the front end
of the car was a solid gold head of Franklin, and on
the other a silver one of " rare old Ben," each in gilded
frames. A standard which was borne by the silver

PROCESSION.

165

smiths on the occasion of the last visit of Washington

to this city, was prominently displayed. The silver
trimmings were of the richest designs and most ex
quisite workmanship. A silver banner floated in the
air, with the words,
FOUNDED OCT. 28, 1789.

A superb vase, covered with black velvet, was also

ornamented with an arrangement of various articles of
silver manufacture, of surpassing richness and beauty,
adding much to the show.
Then followed a coach, finely decorated, drawn by
four horses, and inscribed with the name of Henry N.
Gardner, painter. Each horse was ornamented with a
small blue silk flag, and on the coach was borne a white
silk banner.
A car from the Boston Bacon Works, with hams in
barrels, and otherwise prominently displayed about it,
was drawn by three horses.
Messrs. Dickinson & Murdock, No. 30 Commercial
Street, wholesale dealers and manufacturers of wooden
ware, had a wagon loaded with their goods.
Messrs. E. P. & D. Smith, of No. 69 Union Street,
and Wakefield & Howe, of Nos. 29 and 30 North Mar
ket Street, also made a fine display of wooden ware,
brooms, &c., on their cars.
Messrs. Watson & Bisbee, of the corner of Friend
and Causeway Streets, had upon their car a fine display

166

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

of cabinet furniture, including some most beautiful

specimens of piano legs, and other manufactures.
The wood turners appeared well, and had a very
pretty design, representing their trade, with the in
scription which follows :
INDUSTRY IS THE PILLAR OF OUR PROSPERITY, OF
OUR COMFORT, AND THE FOUNDATION OF OUR COUN
TRY'S GREATNESS.

Next followed the cars of the dealers in furnaces,

ranges and stoves.
First, was the car of Messrs. Chilson, Gould & Co.,
No. 101 Blackstone Street, with one of their cone fur
naces and fine cast iron railing, drawn by six horses.
On the car appeared the following:
THE FIRST AMERICAN STOVE WAS

INVENTED BY

FRANKLIN, IN 1742.

Second, of Messrs. Pond & Co., Nos. 77 and 79 Blackstone Street, drawn by four horses, with stoves and
furnaces, and words indicating that Franklin was the
inventor of the famous stove that still bears his name.
Third, of Mr. William G. Harris, Nos. 103 and 105
Blackstone Street, who had a fine display of stoves,
drawn by four horses.
A fish cart, with specimens of the finny tribe, from
the establishment of Messrs. D. & G. W. Smith, fish
mongers, made a novel appearance.

PROCESSION.

167

A wagon, covered with an immense umbrella, of

variegated colors, sixteen feet in diameter, with para
sols attached to its rim, came from the establishment
of Mr. Matthew Binney.
A carriage drawn by four horses exhibited a fine
show of cutlery manufactured by Messrs. Kingman &
Hassam, No. 128 Washington Street, with the following
inscription.
WE REPAIR AND SHARPEN EVERYTHING EXCEPT THE

PEOPLE'S CONSCIENCE.
Next came a barber's shop, representing the saloon
of Mr. T. W. Steamburg, No. 25 Summer Street.
Mr. L. Page, of South Boston, exhibited a car cov
ered with fire proof roofing.
Messrs. John H. Pray & Sons, No. 51 Washington
Street, had a car covered with elegant carpets of the
best fabric, manufactured on the Bigelow power loom
in England, with the motto,
ENGLISH INDUSTRY SEEKS THE AID OF AMERICAN
INGENUITY.

A car from Mr. W. Filner, South Boston, trimmed

with flowers, contained workmen making files, with the
following motto:
WE MAKE FILES AS WE TRAVEL ON THIS ROUTE,

BUT WE CAN'T MAKE A FILE TO FILE FRANKLIN'S NAME our.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

A car from Messrs. Harden, Spofford & Co., con

tained window shades, and men at work. On the car
was a representation of the old Franklin house that
formerly stood in Milk Street.
A large car from Messrs. H. H. Winship, Henry
Cross, Thomas Sprague, John B. Baker & Co., and
James Boyd & Sons, contained trunks, harnesses, sad
dles, fur robes, and sleigh bells. In the centre was a
model of a horse in harness. One of the saddles is
said to have been used by Franklin's mother. On the
car was the following inscription :
TRY WHAT YOU PLEASE, THERE 's

NOTHING

LIKE

LEATHER.

In the same carriage was a large American ensign.

A large car of agricultural implements, from stores of
Messrs. Nourse & Co., Nourse, Mason & Co., and Parker,
White & Gannett, was drawn by fourteen powerful
oxen. On this car a man and woman were at work,
operating an old fashioned churn, to the great amuse
ment of the spectators.
Next came a wagon with one of Mr. John Roessle's
mammoth lager beer kettles.
Then followed, from Mr. Herman Strater, a vehicle
containing pumps, tea kettles, boilers, and other copper
articles.
A car containing Mr. John Putnam's improved spring
beds under a lace canopy, came next.

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169

Undoubtedly, parts of this extensive division have

escaped notice in the above description, and some dis
plays have not received ample justice,- on account of
the brief time allotted to take the necessary notes
while the procession was in motion.

THE THIRD DIVISION.

Captain CHAKLES 0. ROGERS, marshal, had the direction

of this division, assisted by his aids, Messrs. Ralph W.
Newton, H. "W. Harrington, N. W. Thompson, and Theo
dore H. Dugan. The division included the mechanical
professions, artists, manufacturers, associations of busi
ness men, and dealers in all kinds of merchandise, and
was preceded by the Lowell Cornet Band.
The representation by the printers was as effective
a feature as any in the procession. The part of the
division in which they were to appear was formed in
Boylston Street, in front of the new library building. It
was composed principally of the Franklin Typographi
cal Society, and the Boston Printers' Union. The for
mer, being much the older organization, consists of
master and journeymen printers, and has for its leading
objects the advancement of the general interests of the
typographical art and the relief of its invalid members.
The latter association, composed of journeymen, was
instituted principally for regulating and establishing
the prices of different kinds of work, and printers'

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

wages. Each of the above societies appeared with its

own banner.
The leading feature of this part of the procession
consisted of two cars, each of which was drawn by
four horses, containing printing apparatus and material,
and workmen appropriately dressed, designed to exhibit
by contrast a practical representation of the method
of printing in the early days of Franklin, and that of
the present day.
On the first car was a wooden screw press, such as
was in universal use when Franklin was a printer.
This press had the appearance of considerable age, and
bore upon its screw the date 1742, and the initials
T x D, rudely stamped. It belongs to the heirs of the
late Mr. John Melcher, of Portsmouth, N. H., who died
a few years ago at an advanced age, having owned it
for a long time, and who often informed his contempo
raries that Franklin printed with it. It is a very singu
lar looking affair, and is a rare curiosity as a waymark
in the progress of printing machinery. Connected
with the press were the usual adjuncts of ink-balls and
bank, of the same pattern and style as those in use at
the time when the press was in fashion. Beside the
press stood an ancient type stand, said to have been, at
one time, part of the furniture of the printing office of
Mr. James Franklin, and concerning which it is related
that the illustrious Franklin had worked at it ; and it
surely was, to all appearance, old enough to warrant

PROCESSION.

171

belief in such a statement. Upon the stand were

arranged cases of types, with composing sticks, galleys,
and many of the usual accompaniments of a printing
office of the olden time. During the progress of the
procession the old press was worked with great success,
and accurate reprints, in the old style of typography,
of the eightieth number of the Boston Courant, bear
ing date February 4, to February 11, 1723, were turned
off and distributed from the car to the eager crowd,
who manifested a strong desire to procure them. The
original paper bearing this number contains the first
mention of Franklin as printer and publisher. The
venerable looking sheet was copied from the original,
in the library of the Massachusetts Historical Society,
through the instrumentality of Messrs. William White
and Emery N. Moore, enterprising members of the
typographical profession. Messrs. Thomas J. Lillie and
Charles C. Mead, as general directors, Messrs. Hiram
Adams and William A. Parker as pressmen, and Master
Samuel P. Hunt as printer's boy, were actively engaged
in this car, representing their craftsmen of old, each of
them dressed in the costume usually worn by printers
in the year 1723. Mr. Samuel Whidden, a very aged
printer, brought up to the trade in Portsmouth, N. H.,
in the office with the same old press, and now a com
positor in the office of Mr. Hugh H. Tuttle, in School
Street, where he has been about sixteen years, was in
another part of the procession. On the sides of the

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

car were the following words, arranged conspicuously

on tablets in very large letters :
AND GOD RAID, LET THERE BE LIGHT, AND THERE
WAS LIGHT.
THE OLD FRANKLIN PRINTING OFFICE, QUEEN STREET,
REVIVED.

On the rear was an inscription stating that the press

was formerly the property of Mr. Melcher. The fol
lowing lines of advice to those who visit printing
offices, written by Franklin and suspended in his office
in Philadelphia, occupied a conspicuous place in the car.
All ye who come this curious art to see,
To handle anything must careful be ;
Lest by a slight touch, ere you are aware,
You may do mischief which you can't repair.
Lo ! this advice we give to every stranger !
Look on and welcome, but to touch there 's danger.

The office was decorated with a pine-tree flag, beneath

which were the words, taken from a favorite old song,
m GOOD OLD COLONY TIMES,
WHEN WE LIVED UNDER THE KING.

This novel exhibition attracted much attention, and

was frequently and warmly cheered in its course.
The Franklin Typographical Society, instituted in
1824, followed next, under the marshalship of Mr. Ed
ward L. Pike, with an appropriate banner. Forty-one

PROCESSION.

173

members of the society appeared in the ranks, and

were distinguished by a badge prepared for the occa
sion. Several open barouches, containing aged and
infirm printers, and others who had attained particular
honor and eminence in their profession, followed the
members who walked. Among those who rode were
Mr. Richard Boylston, of Amherst, New Hampshire, one
of the oldest printers in that state ; Mr. Uriel Crocker,
of the firm of Crocker & Brewster, who came to Bos
ton as a printer more than forty-five years ago, and
who has achieved a most honorable reputation and
success in the community ; Mr. Benjamin P. Shillaber,
who has distinguished himself as the printer poet and
for his literary productions; Deacon Nathaniel Willis,
the originator of several successful newspapers; Mr..
William Brown, formerly of the Salem Gazette; Mr.
William W. Clapp, Senior, the founder of the Saturday
Evening Gazette; Mr. George W. Bazin, the veteran
printer of the newspaper called the Trumpet; Hon.
Nathan Hale, the senior proprietor and editor of the
Boston Daily Advertiser; and Hon. John Prentice, of
Keene, New Hampshire.
Then followed in course another car, a counterpart
to the first, exhibiting, as far as practicable, the contrast
of a modern printing press and its accompaniments.
The modern press was from the office of Messrs. J. C.
French & Brother, in Cornhill, and was an excellent
specimen of the famous Hoe cylinder, in capital work

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

ing order, and the delight of all who could appreciate a

good printing press. The use of steam not being avail
able, the press was operated by means of a handcrank and -wheel. The car upon which the press was
borne was handsomely ornamented with an eagle and
colors, and displayed the following original mottoes,
by Mr. A. Wallace Thaxter.
TOUNQ AMERICA.

1850.

What i-1i.-, in- the lightning, gyves about the steam,

Makes a reality Faust's early dream,
Stamps thoughts immortal on a living page ?
The press, the record of a passing age.
THE PRINTING PRESS OF TO-DAY.

1856.

A change has come the printing press,

No more restrained by British bars,
Extends its rays the land to bless,
Drawing new glories from the stars.

The press was managed and worked by the Messrs.

French and their assistants, who printed and distributed
the following verses from the pen of Mr. Shillaber,
of the Saturday Evening Gazette.
A VERY BRIEF AND VERY COMPREHENSIVE LIFE OF BEN : FRANK
LIN, PRINTER, DONE INTO QUAINT VERSE, BY ONE OF THE
TYPES. SEPTEMBER 17TH, 1856.
Kind friends, just list to our ditty
Of one whom the world loves to talk about,
Who was born hi our tri-mountain city,
And through its streets used to walk about.

PROCESSION.
p

In Boston he first saw the light,

'Neath the shade of the Old South steeple,
And his parents, all say, were quite
Respectable sort of people.

Old Mr. Franklin, his dad,

Made candles to light all creation;
And naturally destined the hid
To follow the same avocation

To deal in candles and soaps,

Thus light and cleanness dispensing :
Our sight to the wisdom opes
Of this way of Franklin's commencing :

Those candles prefigured the mind

To break through the darkness o'ershading;
Those soaps the wisdom refined
To cleanse men of errors pervading.

He was much as other boys are,

And loved to play with the rest of 'em;
In all of their sports took a share,
And wrestled and ran with the best of 'em.

Wo are told that he stole some stone

To make a wharf to his wishing,
Where Haymarket Square has grown,
The better to do his fishing.

He drew down his father's ire,

On a string, because he made it,
Just as he did heaven's fire
In after years as he bade it.

175

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

lie read in his bed at night,

And studied summer and winter,
When, seeing his Benny so bright,
Ills father made him a printer.

Ho bound him out to his brother,

A churlish fellow, they say,
And one quarrel followed another,
Till Benjamin ran away.

lie went to the Quaker city

In a Philadelphia packet,
His mind undimmcd and witty,
And a true heart 'neath his jacket.

He printed, and spouted, and throve,

And nobody could but like him ;
He wont overhead in love
With a Bead that chanced to strike him.

Then rascally Governor Keith

Sent him on a fool's errand to London;
But in spite of the governor's teeth,
The boy printer was n't undone.

For though in a stranger land,

The youngster was n't scared at it,
But to printing he turned his hand,
And very respectably fared at it.

We'll not say he never was "hard"

There was some little flaw in his quality;
And he lost his friend Balph's regard,
And his cash, by a lapse of morality.

PROCESSION.

He returned and soon became great,

Got married was made legislator
Took very high rank in the state,
And none with the people was greater;

Set a trap for the fires of heaven,

And made the philosophers wonder ;
The lightning's power was riven,
And cut were the peals of the thunder.

Then " Poor Richard's " maxims he made,

In language both prudent and funny;
And if all his voice had obeyed,
They all would have rolled in money.

In Congress then he was placed,

As England made new demonstrations,
And his name was soon after traced
To that greatest of declarations.

And then when the bond was rent,

And the patriots made resistance,
He over to France was sent,
To ask King Louis' assistance.

His name before him had gone,

And the king was delighted to meet him;
He even stepped from his throne,
In his earnestness to greet him.

And the queen frowned not in check,

When this plain republican Mister
Threw his arms about her neck,
And very gallantly kissed her !

177

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Should ever occasion arise
That wo are in like situation,
This act of our brother wise
We '11 remember for imitation.

When long abroad he had staid,

And had ceased our revolution,
He returned to the nation he 'd made,
And helped frame its constitution;

An instrument still revered,

Though some there be who assail it;
Our country has long by it steered,
And to our mast-head we nail it.

Young married tradesmen to aid,

He willed 'em a loan of his dollars,
And ordered medals made
For all of our medalsome scholars.

But the great of the world most die,

And Franklin had no immunity ;
Though he wished to come back by and by,
Should fate grant opportunity.

And here his wish is allowed,

And here he is with us standing;
His fame and position proud,
Our homage and love commanding.

And now with our bosoms elate

With pride we will .not smother,
We join the grateful honors that wait
To crown our " wholesome brother."

PROCESSION.

179

The world will cherish his name,

And spread abroad his glory,
When yonder brass that tells his fame
Shall be but a thing of story.

The members of the Boston Printers' Union came

next in order, under the marshalship of Mr. John Gor
man, the Recording Secretary of the association, with
a beautiful silk banner, painted by Mr. F. Somerby,
representing the printing press shedding light upon the
universe, with the following motto :
THE PEOPLE'S FRIEND, THE TYRANT'S FOE.
On the reverse of the same banner was inscribed,
BOSTON PRINTERS' UNION ESTABLISHED DEC. 1848.
LABOR CONQUERS EVERYTHING.
A delegation of the printers of Cambridge, eighty
in number, followed next, bearing a banner with the
following historical statement for an inscription:
FIRST PRINTING PRESS ERECTED IN CAMBRIDGE IN
1639.

The copperplate printers, with a car, and a press

for printing from steel and copper plates, from the
establishment of Mr. Robert Andrews, came next, with
an elegant banner. They printed miniature portraits
of Franklin, which were distributed gratuitously as

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

they proceeded. Another car, drawn by four horses,

was designated by a banner bearing the words, " Plate
Printers of Boston," and was filled with persons at
work. The bank note engravers were respectably rep
resented in this part of the procession.
Immediately following the above was a large car
representing the Traveller printing office. It was drawn
by four very fine horses. In its front was displayed a
national shield, with the words,
AMERICAN TRAVELLER, 1825.

A handsome silk banner exhibited upon one side the

words, "Daily Evening Traveller, established 1845," and
on the reverse, " American Traveller, established 1825."
On one side of the car was a sign making known that
the establishment represented a " Job Printing House."
Other inscriptions borne upon the car were expressed
as follows :
THE NEWSPAPER

MAY IT EVER BE TRUTH'S BANNER

WAVED IN THE OPEN AIR.

JOB PRINTING, 10,000 IMPRESSIONS AN HOUR.
THE PRESS THE MIGHTIEST OF THE MIGHTY MEANS
ON WHICH THE ARM OF PROGRESS LEANS.

The whole was very elegantly ornamented with Ameri

can flags and streamers, and with the compositors at
work produced a very agreeable and pleasing effect
upon those who witnessed the exhibition.

PROCESSION.

181

The printers' part of the procession terminated with

several carriages, in which were members of the press
and publishers.
A large and very powerful electrical machine, manu
factured at the establishment of Mr. E. S. Ritchie, was
drawn on a neatly decorated car, and was attended by
persons who from time to tune put it in operation.
A car from Messrs. Palmer & Hall, drawn by four
horses, was devoted to practical electricity, and con
tained an original glass cylinder, made in England,
under the direction of Franklin, for the celebrated Dr.
Priestley, being a duplicate of the one which was used
by them in many of their electrical experiments. A
portion of the glass jars belonging to the battery
which accompanied it, is still preserved by Joseph M.
Wightman, Esq. Since it was owned by Priestley it has
been successively in the possession of Mr. King, elec
trical instrument maker, Mr. Daniel Davis, Jr., and now
of his successors, Messrs. Palmer & Hall, magnetic
instrument makers, No. 158 Washington Street, Boston.
It is even now the largest cylinder for electrical pur
poses in this country. In the same car was a model
of the electrical fire alarm striking apparatus, conspicu
ously mounted, striking the number of the fire district
through which it passed, suitable batteries being placed
on the carriage. Several telegraphic instruments were
also exhibited, among which were House's printing tele
graph, Morse's magnetic telegraph, and Farmer's print

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

ing telegraph. At each corner of the vehicle were

erected standards for telegraphic insulators, upon which
rows of telegraph wires were extended, for the purpose
of conducting the electric current. Mr. William A.
Orcutt's lightning rods projected from the top of each
pole. Apparatus in working order for electrotyping
was also in the car, together with an electrical machine
in operation connected with brass handles, and so
arranged that crowds received shocks gratuitously, as
the car passed along. The motto exhibited was,
HE CONTROLLED THE LIGHTNING; WE IMITATE HIM.

Then followed a wagon containing a model of a

lightning conductor patented by Mr. Robert D. Dwyer.
Next in course came one of the most pleasing and
interesting features of the whole show, consisting of
three large cars, arranged and fitted up by Mr. Joseph
L. Ross, school furniture maker, in Ivers Street. The
object was to exhibit approved patterns of desks and
seats such as are used in the Boston schools. This
was most ingeniously and pleasantly accomplished, pro
ducing at the same tune a most extraordinary effect.
The first of these cars, drawn by a noble team of four
horses, was intended to represent a primary school, and
was occupied by eighteen beautiful little girls, and nine
interesting little boys, under the supervision of Miss
Emma S. Haley. The children were all very neatly
dressed, the girls chiefly in white, and seemed especially

PROCESSION.

183

fond of their teacher, who supplied them very bounti

fully with cakes and sweetmeats, with which she was,
apparently, well provided. The car was covered with
a tasty canopy of American flags, and was draped on
its sides with bunting of various colors. The following
inscriptions were observable upon the car:
FREE SCHOOLS THE HOPE OF A FREE PEOPLE.
WE POLISH OUR JEWELS.
BOSTON PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

The second car, belonging to Mr. Ross, was also drawn

by four horses, all black, and driven by Mr. N. A. Nims.
It represented a girls' grammar school, in which were
seated fourteen young ladies, very neatly attired in
white, with blue trimmings, members of the Wells
School, Miss Helen M. Hammond occupying the place
of teacher. On every desk was an elegant bouquet of
flowers, and the sides of the car were neatly decorated
with American flags, shields and streamers, while the
whole was covered with a canopy of national colors.
The mottoes on this car were,
OUK SCHOOLS

THE PILLARS THAT SUPPORT OUR

NATION'S FREEDOM.
KNOWLEDGE, THE TELEGRAPH BETWEEN EARTH AND
HEAVEN.
EDUCATION. THE KEYSTONE IN THE ARCH OF FREEDOM.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

The third car in this series contained a representa

tion from the Mayhew and Brimmer Grammar Schools,
consisting of fourteen boys of about twelve years of
age, under Mr. G. B. Pearson, who acted as their mas
ter. The car was drawn by four handsome horses, and
decorated in a manner similar to the two that preceded
it, and bore the following inscriptions :
INTELLIGENCE, THE LIFE OF LIBERTY.
FRANKLIN, THE PRINTER'S BOY, THE COMPANION OF
KINGS.

A company of young archers, arrayed in uniform

and in military style, made an attractive display at this
point in the procession. The company was organized
on the sixteenth of April, 1856, and was under the
command of Capt. John Bird, of South Boston.
A fire company of young persons, in charge of
Capt. Otis Aaron, followed next, with a uniform of red
jackets, black pantaloons, and glazed caps and leggins.
Forty-three express wagons, loaded with boxes, bales
and packages, represented this most useful and enter
prising branch of American industry, and made a splen*
did show. Almost every express company having offices
in this city contributed one or more wagons. Among
them were noticed the following, viz: those of the
companies of Adams, Kinsley, Paulding, Hall & Weeks,
Davenport & Mason, Hatch, Savary, Tilden, Cape Cod
and Nantucket, Trowbridge, Fisher, Wells, United States

PROCESSION.

185

and Canada, Cheney, Jackson, Thompson, Brewer, Han

cock, Howe, Baker, Dow, Converse, Hodgman, Carpen
ter, Winslow, Beals, Adams, Prince, Dana and Carter.
A car from Messrs. Carter, Colcord & Preston, with
boxes of drugs, surmounted by a large mortar and
festoons of sponges, made a considerable show, and
attracted a large share of attention from the novelty of
its design.
A handsome two horse wagon, with a framework
upon which were tastefully arranged well selected speci
mens of boys' clothing, from the establishment of Mr.
George W. Carnes, succeeded next. It bore, as a motto,
the inscription.
PATRIOTISM, PHILANTHROPY, VIRTUE AND INDUSTRY.

Messrs. Blanchard, Brother, & Co. furnished a car

heavily laden with cordage, flour, bread, beef, pork and
ship stores generally, and ornamented with bunting,
streamers, and national flags neatly arranged.
Next appeared, drawn by four black horses, a car
well filled with a large assortment of paper in bundles,
for printing and other purposes, from the establishment
of Messrs. Rice, Kendall & Co., in Water Street.
A car then followed from the paper hanging ware
house of Messrs. Samuel H. Gregory & Co., Court
Street, containing a large framework covered with
many very choice patterns of ornamental house paper.
Mr. Peter Hunt furnished two carriages elegantly

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186

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

decorated, and filled with young women, and a bounti

ful supply of their work in the form of paper boxes.
Messrs. Sanderson & Lanergan, of the JEtna Labora
tory, in a car drawn by four horses, exhibited a large
assortment of fireworks, with a miniature representa
tion of a volcano, emitting a blaze of fire and dense
volumes of perfumed smoke. Two persons dressed
as Malays acted as superintendents, and the whole
arrangement was very appropriate in its character.
From Messrs. E. A. & W. Winchester, of Cambridge,
there was a large wagon loaded with soap and imple
ments for candle-making, followed by sixty workmen
from the manufactory, in white frocks and glazed caps ;
after which came the soap box makers, in black panta
loons and calico shirts.
The Faneuil Hall marketmen, numbering about
three hundred, marshalled by Mr. H. Bird, a part wear
ing white frocks, and all with badges on their hats,
came next, bearing a banner with the motto,
GIFT OF PETER FANEUIL,

and a very excellent representation of the Faneuil Hall

Market house. They were accompanied by Dodworth's
Band, from New York, who enlivened the procession
with most excellent music.
Messrs. George W. Chipman & Co., from their estab
lishment at the corner of Hanover Street, made a con
siderable show with an immense car, drawn by eight

PROCESSION.

187

horses, displaying a very large collection of carpets of

the most magnificent and costly description.
Messrs. William P. Tenny & Co. made a very simi
lar display of elegant carpetings taken from their
warehouse in Haymarket Square.
From the establishment of Messrs. Barnes, Jennings
& Co., there was a car loaded with elegant furniture,
such as chairs, sofas, tables, book cases, and other
articles, constructed of black walnut, rosewood and
mahogany.
The Union Spring Bed Company made an appro
priate display of their manufactures in a car prepared
for the purpose.
A model of a safety chimney by Mr. William Pearse,
was drawn in a car in this part of the procession.
There was also in this division a colossal statue
of Col. Ethan Allen, modelled in plaster by Mr. B. H.
Kinney, of Vermont.
Messrs. Hathorne & Co. exhibited in the procession
a new and splendid omnibus, richly decorated with
cords an'd tassels, well filled with children, and drawn
by six noble black horses. A large kite was carried
on the top of this coach.
One of the cars built for the Metropolitan and one
for the Dorchester Avenue Bailroad, both filled with
children, attracted much attention from the spectators,
and terminated the third division of the procession.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

THE FOURTH DIVISION.

This portion of the procession was under the direction

of Hon. MOSES KIMBALL, marshal, assisted by Dr. Elisha
G. Tucker, and Wyzeman Marshall, Esq., as aids. It was
composed of about two thousand individuals, of the
various bodies which constitute the masonic order, all hi
rich and appropriate regalia, and each body having its
proper banners. Without exception, this was the most
ornamental part of the grand procession, and one of its
most interesting features. Surely, the order never made
a more beautiful and imposing appearance than on this
occasion, in honor of one of the most brilliant stars in
the galaxy of freemasonry. The division was formed
in the Tremont Street Mall, with its right, or marching
flank, at the Park Street gate, and was accompanied by
the Manchester Cornet Band. The following order
was observed in marching.
First proceeded, as an escort, the Boston Encamp
ment of Knights Templars, numbering about one hun
dred knights, who were habited in their rich and
splendid regah'a of black velvet sashes and aprons with
silver mountings, black chapeaus with black flowing
plumes, and drawn swords, their black scabbards sus
pended at their sides, from waist belts. The officers
of this ancient encampment were, Dr. Daniel Harwood,
Commander ; Gilbert Nurse, Esq., as Generalissimo ; and
Rev. Stephen Lovell, as Captain General. In its ranks

PROCESSION.

189

were carried the several banners belonging to the en

campment, viz : the banner of the Red Cross, with the
legend,
MAGNA EST VERITAS, ET PRSVALEBIT ;

the banner of the Knights Templars, with the motto,

IN HOC SIGNO TINGES ;

and the banner of the Knights of Malta, inscribed,

BEX KEGU5I, DOMINUS DOMINORUM.

The masonic escort was followed by the Grand En

campment of Knights Templars and the appendant
orders of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, under Simon
"W. Robinson, Esq., Grand Master, and the General
Grand Encampment of Knights Templars, &c., of the
United States, with the following officers, viz: Hon.
William B. Hubbard, of Ohio, as General Grand Mas
ter; Hon. William T. Gould, of Georgia, as Deputy
General Grand Master ; James Sorley, Esq., of Texas,
as General Grand Generalissimo ; Edward A. Raymond,
Esq., of Massachusetts, as General Grand Captain of
Guards ; Hon. Robert P. Dunlap, of Maine, as General
Grand Prelate ; Ezra S. Barnum, Esq., of New York, as
General Senior Grand Warden ; Hon. Peter Ripley, of
Connecticut, as General Junior Grand Warden ; Willis
P. Coleman, Esq., of Louisiana, as General Grand Sword
Bearer; A. O'Sullivan, Esq., of Missouri, as General

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Grand Treasurer, and B. B. French, Esq., of the District

of Columbia, as General Grand Recorder.
Then followed, properly attired in the regalia of the
order, with blue sashes, and white aprons trimmed with
blue, and with blue masonic badges, the various lodges
subordinate to, or recognized by, the Grand Lodge of
Massachusetts, namely :
Baalbec Lodge of East Boston, chartered March 9,
A.L. 5853, forty-one members present, Mr. Richard
Whitehouse marshal, with a blue banner. On each
extremity of the cross-bar of the banner was a hand,
one grasping a gavel, and the other holding a trowel ;
and on one side a view of the ruins of ancient Baalbec,
with the inscription,
MONUMENTS OF INDUSTRY.

Mount Tabor Lodge, of East Boston, sixty-five mem

bers present, Mr. Stephen Merrill marshal, with white
banner, on which was figured in gold an open bible
bearing the inscription, "Psalm cxxxiii," the symbolic
square and compasses, and the date of the charter of
the lodge, A.L. 5846.
Mount Lebanon Lodge, of Boston, fifty members
present, Mr. George T. Stoddard marshal, with a white
silk banner, upon which the emblems of the order were
painted, and an inscription stating that the lodge was
. chartered June 8, A.L. 5801.
Columbian Lodge, of Boston, chartered June 8,

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191

A.L. 5796, Mr. William H. Mackintosh marshal, one

hundred and ten members present, with a banner
one side of which was white and the other blue, bearnig the name of the lodge and the date of its charter.
Massachusetts Lodge, of Boston, chartered May 13,
A.L. 5770, Mr. William W. Capen marshal, seventy
members present, with a banner upon which was the
name of the lodge to which it belonged, and
GENERAL JOSEPH WARREN, GRAND MASTER.

St, John's Lodge, of Boston, forty-five members pres

ent, Mr. John Greer marshal, with a white banner, on
which were represented, in gold, the holy bible, square
and compasses. This is the oldest lodge in the United
States, having been chartered July 30, A.L. 5733.
Amicable Lodge, of Cambridge, chartered June 10,
A.L. 5805, forty members present, Mr. I. L. Bangs mar
shal, with a banner, on which was painted a female
figure leaning over a book, which rested upon a
broken column, and Time, with his hands parting her
hair. Over the painting was the inscription, in Latin,
LUX E TENEBRIS, VITA EX SEPULCRO.

Bethesda Lodge, of Brighton, chartered March 12,

A.L. 5819, thirty-one members present, Mr. George S.
"Wentworth marshal, with a white silk banner, bearing
the name of the lodge, and the usual masonic symbols.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Rising Star Lodge, of Stoughton, chartered Decem

ber 9, A.L. 5799, thirty-five members present, Mr. C. H.
French marshal, with a silk banner, on one side of
which was painted the holy bible, square and com
passes.
Grecian Lodge, of Lawrence, chartered December
14, A.L. 5825, thirty members present, Mr. L W. Blake
marshal, bearing a banner, on which was given the
name of the lodge, and when it was chartered.
Aurora Lodge, of Fitchburg, chartered June 8, A.L.
5801, twenty members present, Mr. A. J. Spooner mar
shal, with a white banner, on which were displayed the
masonic symbols.
Merrimac Lodge, of Haverhill, chartered June 14,
A.L. 5802, forty members present, Mr. R H. Macy mar
shal, with the appropriate banner of the lodge.Hiram Lodge, of West Cambridge, established De
cember 11, A.L. 5797, thirty-four members present, Mr.
E C. Starkweather marshal. On their banner were
the emblems of the order, and underneath the inscrip
tion,
VIRTUS ZT AMICITIA CONSOCIATA.

St. John's Lodge, of Newburyport, chartered June 17,

A.L. 5766, fifty members present, Mr. B. R. Knapp mar
shal The banner of the lodge was carried in the
ranks.
Meridian Lodge, of Natick, chartered December 11,

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193

A.L. 5797, bearing a sky blue banner, on which were

the square and compasses. Twelve members present,
under the marshalship of Mr. A. W. Burke.
Essex Lodge, of Salem, chartered June 2, A.L. 5791,
with a deep blue banner, on which were the figure of an
eagle and the insignia of the order. Ninety members
present, Mr. George H. Pierson acting as marshal.
King Solomon's Lodge, Charlestown, chartered Sep
tember 5, A.L. 5783, with a sky blue banner, on which
were the name of the lodge and the usual masonic
emblems. Sixty members present, Mr. T. M. Crocker
marshal.
Mount Hermon Lodge, of Medford, chartered Sep
tember 13, A.L. 5855, twenty members present, with
the banner of the lodge.
St. Andrew's Lodge, of Boston, chartered November
30, A.L. 5756, by the Grand Lodge of Scotland, being
one of the most ancient and wealthy lodges in the
United States, was represented by a few of its mem
bers, Mr. James Perkins marshal, although the lodge
did not make a formal appearance, almost all of its
members being in the encampments.
Next in order proceeded, in the following manner,
the Royal Arch Chapters, which were subordinate to,
or recognized by, the Grand Chapter of Massachusetts.
St. Andrew's Royal Arch Chapter, of Boston, num
bering fifty-two men, and St. Paul's Royal Arch Chap
ter, also of Boston, with a numerous delegation.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

The General Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons

of the United States, represented by Philip C. Tucker,
Esq., of Vermont, Deputy Grand High Priest, James R
Hartsock, Esq., General Grand Captain of the Host,
John Christie and David Balch, Esqs., of New Hamp
shire, and others.
These were followed by persons representing coun
cils, consistories, and the higher orders of masonry.
There were several barouches in the procession, con
taining aged and infirm brethren and distinguished
strangers ; among whom were Capt. John Percival, of
the United States Navy; Joseph Eveleth, Esq., exSheriff; Amos Adams, Esq., of Louisiana ; Hon. Charles
Scott, Chancellor of the State of Mississippi ; Rev. Paul
Dean; Rev. E T. Taylor; Dr. Richard S. Spofford,
of Newburyport ; Edward A. Raymond, Esq., of Bos
ton ; the venerable Elias Haskell, Esq., now nearly
ninety years of age, and Mr. John Baker, of Hingham.
The Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, in . new and
splendid regalia, under the direction of W. D. Coolidge,
Esq., Grand Marshal, was organized as follows : Winslow Lewis, M. D., Grand Master; Charles W. Moore,
as Deputy Grand Master ; John T. Heard, Esq., Senior
Grand Warden ; Charles R. Train, Esq., Junior Grand
Warden ; Peter Wamwright, Esq., as Grand Treasurer ;
John H. Sheppard, Esq., Corresponding Grand Secretary ;
Royal Turner, Esq., as Grand Chaplain ; Bradford L.

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195

Wales, M.D., as Senior Grand Deacon; Henry G. Clark,

M.D., as Junior Grand Deacon; Eben F. Gay, Esq.,
as Grand Tyler.
The De Molay Encampment of Knights Templars,
Dr. Clement A. Walker, Commander; William Parkman, Esq., Generalissimo; and Dr. Charles A. Davis,
Captain General ; performed the duty of body guard to
the Grand Lodge in a most acceptable manner. The
members of this encampment were in their full uniform,
which, in point of richness, appropriateness and ele
gance, was unsurpassed by that of any other body of
men in the procession. Each member of the encamp
ment wore, on this occasion, a black dress coat, black
pantaloons and white waistcoat. The regalia consisted
of a black silk velvet sash richly trimmed with gold
lace, supporting an elegant Templar's sword, with a
splendid gilded scabbard; a triangular apron of the
same material, bordered with gold, containing in its
centre a golden triangle, in which was a bright red
patriarchal cross, one of the characteristic symbols of
the ancient and chivalric order they represented. A
black chapeau, ornamented with a black satin rosette
and cluster of brilliants, and very showy white ostrich
plumes extending entirely over its turned-up rims, com
pleted the magnificent uniform. Each member, like
wise, wore a satin badge upon the left lappel of his
coat, containing Templars' emblems, and the name of
the encampment. The appearance of this body of men

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

was unquestionably the most superb and imposing of

any in the procession ; and their elegant and soldierly
appearance and noble bearing drew upon them, as they
marched through the dense crowds of spectators, the
eyes of all. At the head of this encampment were
carried its banners. One, of beautiful appearance, being
made of white silk, mounted with broad gold fringe,
and ornamented with cords and tassels of the same
material, containing a choice painting of knights in full
charge upon Jerusalem, led on by their Grand Com
mander, Jacques De Molay, was recognized as that of
the Knights Templars by the motto,
IN HOC SIGNO VDJCES,

and by the double or patriarchal cross which sur

mounted its staff Another banner similarly mounted
with fringe, cords and tassels of gold, was divided quar
terly by a cross, each of the four compartments con
taining well known emblems of the order of the Red
Cross. In the left hand superior quarter of this stand
ard, on a red ground, were depicted a crown, sceptre
and lion, representing symbolically the tribe of Judah ;
upon the right superior quarter was pictured a knight
of this order standing in a war chariot drawn by two
fiery chargers, emblematical of the chariot and horses
dedicated by Cyrus, King of Persia, to the sun ;
directly below, in the inferior right hand quarter, on a
light blue ground, was a crescent surrounded by stars,

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197

the sun, and a spear and hand, emblematic of power

descending to man, formerly the national banner of the
Persians; and in the inferior left hand quarter, on a
green ground, was the figure of a wolf, emblematical
of the tribe of Benjamin; and on the bars of the
cross was the inscription,
MAGNA EST VERITAS, ET PR^VALEBIT.

Upon the top of the staff was a gilded crescent. Both

of the banners were a gift to the encampment by Ham
ilton Willis, Esq., at the time of its organization, in
1847, and were the design of Charles W. Moore, Esq.,
the learned and highly accomplished mason. About
seventy, or more, of the members were in the proces
sion, others being more actively engaged in places of
special importance.
As the Grand Lodge and its body guard passed the
Public Garden, on the route, a salute of one hundred
guns was fired in honor of the day by the Light
Artillery Company, commanded by Captain Moses G.
Cobb; and although the number of field-pieces used
amounted only to six, yet, such was the rapidity with
which they were managed, that the grand salute
seemed an incessant sound of discharges of heavy can
non, and occupied only a very few minutes of time
in accomplishment

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

THE FIFTH DIVISION.

This portion of the procession was under the direction

of Major LEWIS W. TAPPAN, marshal, with Messrs. Samuel
H. Gookin and Peter Butler, Jr., as aids, and was accom
panied by the Worcester Cornet Band. It was com
posed of various associations ; of the lineal descendants
and collateral relations of Josiah Franklin, of the Frank
lin medal scholars, of the pupils and graduates of the
public schools who have received prizes, of the associa
tions and societies in general which bear the name of
Franklin, and of those who had contributed means
for procuring the statue. The order was substantially
as follows.
First came a considerable number of the members
of the Bunker Hill Monument Association, of which
Hon. G. Washington Warren, of Charlestown, was the
President.
Then followed the Boston Board of Trade, number
ing more than one hundred and fifty members in the
ranks. At their head was carried an elegant silk ban
ner, upon which was inscribed the name of the associa
tion. The appearance of this interesting class of
citizens was in the highest degree respectable, and
excited much attention among the resident spectators,
who identified a large portion of them as the most
thriving of the merchants and traders of Boston. It
was the first public appearance of the Board, and

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199

reflected much credit upon the officers of the associa

tion, for the admirable manner in which this portion
of the procession was conducted.
Members of the Massachusetts Society for the Pro
motion of Agriculture, and those of the Massachusetts
Horticultural Society, appeared next.
These were succeeded by the numerous array of
Franklin Medal Scholars, each one of whom exhibited
his silver medal suspended about his neck by a blue
ribbon. The number of individuals \vho appeared in
this part of the division has been estimated as high as
one thousand. The number, perhaps, would be within
the true limit if applied to those who wore the medal
in the various parts of the procession. The delegation
was as imposing for its respectable appearance as for
its numbers. Many of the older recipients of the
Franklin medals rode in open barouches ; among these
were, in one carriage, Isaac Harris, Robert Lash, Isaac
Parker, John Lewis and Richard B. Callender, Esquires,
five veteran scholars, who were among those who re
ceived the medal when it was adjudged for the first
tune, and who very properly led off the remaining
medal scholars in the procession. After these, those
who had acquired medals were subdivided, according
to the tune in which the medals were received, into
classes embracing successive periods of ten years each.
An elegant blue banner was carried by one of their
number.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

One of the barouches of medal scholars was occu

pied by eight brothers, sons of the late Mr. John Hall.
All of these had received Franklin medals at the Mayhew School, between the years 1821 and 1840, and
four of them had each received another from the Latin
or English High School. These gentlemen, well known
for their enterprise, and for keeping the promise of
their youth, are Messrs. John K., Edwin H., Gustavus
V., Alfred B., Henry H., Jeremiah F., Franklin A., and
Osborn B. Hall. It was one of the pleasing incidents
of the day that these eight gentlemen, residents of
Boston, Charlestown, Somerville, West Boxbury and New
York, should be able to be present on the occasion.
As the barouche in which they rode came into State
Street, from Merchants Row, they all arose and re
mained uncovered while passing the window at which
their venerable and worthy mother sat; a mark of
respect alike honorable to the sons and well deserved
by the mother.
Next in order there came a few of the young gen
tlemen who had received, at the Latin or English High
Schools, the prizes awarded them through the liberality
of the late lamented Hon. Abbott Lawrence. These
were distinguished by blue badges.
Immediately succeeding these came the Franklin
Lodge of Odd Fellows, No. 23, instituted in 1843. At
their head was carried a beautiful banner, on one side
of which was a portrait of Franklin, surrounded by

PROCESSION.

different insignia of the Order.

the top, was the inscription,

201

On the other side, at

m aoo WE TRUST,
and beneath it an eagle holding in its beak a wreath,
inscribed,

Just below this was an open Bible, and at the bottom

the inscription,
ODD FELLOWS ONLY WHEN WE SPEAK AND ACT LIKE
HONEST MEN.

The Franklin Literary Association, composed of

promising young men, the Franklin Library Associa
tion, and other societies bearing the name of Franklin
followed next.
Many societies and associations belonging to the
neighboring cities and towns made a very respectable
appearance in this division, and generally were distin
guished by badges, and by the standards carried in
their ranks.
A large number of persons who had contributed
towards defraying the expenses of procuring the statue
marched next, closing the division, which, although it
made no very conspicuous show of ornament, never
theless was numerous, and contained a very large rep
resentation of the solid men of Boston.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

THE SIXTH DIVISION.

This portion of the procession comprised the various

historical, scientific, literary and musical societies and
associations, and was under the direction of EDMUND F.
CUTTER, Esq., marshal, assisted by his aids, Messrs. Seth
E. Brown and Charles H. Allen. The several societies
assembled at their usual places of meeting, and were
formed into line in the mall leading from West to Joy
Street, and extending down some distance in the Bea
con Street mall. Each association had its proper badge,
and most of them were under the guidance of their
own marshals. The Nashua Cornet Band preceded the
division, which advanced in the following order.
The Massachusetts Historical Society, the Boston
Society of Natural History, the Massachusetts Medical
Society, the New England Historic-Genealogical Society,
and the Boston Mechanics Institute, appeared with
small delegations, on account of their members taking
part in other places in the procession.
About two hundred and fifty undergraduates of
Harvard College followed these with their usual ban
ner, inscribed with the single word, " Harvard." It
had been newly decorated for the occasion, and was
borne by three seniors, wearing Oxford caps. The
students were uniformly dressed in black suits, and dis
tinguished themselves, as they are wont to do on such
occasions, by their enthusiastic and well-timed cheers

PROCESSION.

203

for their friends and the ladies, and for the principal
objects of historical and traditional interest along the
route, and were rewarded in return by the cheering
smiles and waving handkerchiefs of the ladies who
filled the balconies and windows. The following young
gentlemen served as marshals: James J. Storrow, Robert
M. Morse, and Arthur J. C. Sowdon, Seniors; Hollis
Hunnewell, Nicholas L. Anderson and Josiah Bradlee,
Juniors; Hey ward Cutting, George Lawrence and David
H. Hayclen, Sophomores; and Caspar Crowninshield,
F. W. Hunnewell and Henry C. Eustis, Freshmen.
Next came a large number of the members of the
Mercantile Library Association, amounting to about
three hundred persons, preceded by the Milford Brass
Band, with an elegant banner, decorated with flowers,
bearing the name of their association and the date of
its institution, 1820.
Then followed the Mechanic Apprentices Library
Association, numbering about one hundred persons,
with a very ornamental banner; on which, upon a
brown background, was a painting of an arm wielding
a large hammer, with the inscription,
KNOWLEDGE AND THE MECHANIC ARTS.

The banner likewise bore the name of the association,

and the date of its formation, February 22, 1820.
There were also upon it representations of articles of
mechanical skill, and also of books.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Many other associations of a commemorative character joined this part of the procession, distinguishing
it by the number and variety of the badges which were
worn by the individuals who composed it.
The Boston Young Men's Christian Association, with
about one hundred members, brought up the rear.
There was borne in its ranks a beautiful banner, on
which were delineated a Bible, and the rising sun shed
ding upon it rays of purple light.

THE SEVENTH DIVISION.

The charitable and benevolent associations, arranged

in the order of the dates of their organization, com
posed the seventh division of the procession, which was
under the immediate direction of JOSEPH WEST, Esq., as
marshal, and his aids, Messrs. J. Edward Dodd and C.
Allen Richards. This part of the line was attended by
the Lawrence Brass Band.
The Scots Charitable Society, Dr. William E Coale
president, and Mr. John Wilson, Jr. secretary, about
one hundred strong, were escorted by the Caledonia
Club, and were under the marshalship of Mr. William
J. McPherson. The club appeared in full Highland
costume, with the music of bagpipes and with appro
priate badges and a beautiful silk banner, and was
headed by its chief, Mr. J. W. McDonald. Upon the
banner which was displayed by the club were painted

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205

representations of William Wallace and Robert Burns.

The Scots Society was founded in 1657, and is the
oldest charitable association in New England, and, per
haps, in the United States.
Next came the Germania Gymnastic Society, mar
shalled by Mr. John Fisher, about fifty of its members
being present, dressed in light colored linen clothes.
In their ranks was carried a neat silk banner, with the
following motto, expressed in the German language :
CLEAR THE ROAD.

The Kossuth Lodge, a charitable association, num

bering about twenty-five members, was under the direc
tion of its marshal, Mr. Jacob Keifler.
The German Society of the Sons of Liberty, num
bering nearly ninety, were attended by the Germania
Serenade Band.
The United Shamrock Society, with about one hun
dred and fifty in its ranks, and accompanied by the Foxboro' Band, appeared handsomely, bearing two American
ensigns, and their banner, upon which was depicted a
representation of the Irish harp. Mr. J. T. Powers acted
as marshal to the society.
The Worcester County Mechanic Association, with
about sixty members, marched in this division.
Besides the associations enumerated above, there
were representations from most of the following bodies,
nearly all of which had badges and decorations.

20G

FRANKUU STATUE MEMORIAL.

The Middlesex Mechanic Association ; the Salem

Charitable Mechanic Association ; the Massachusetts
Charitable Society ; the Charitable Association of the
Boston Fire Department ; the Merchant Tailors' Asso
ciation ; the Massachusetts Charitable Fire Society ;
the Charitable Orthopedic Association ; the Association
of Shipwrights and Calkers of Boston and Charlestown ; the Massachusetts Congregational Charitable
Society; the Howard Benevolent Society; the Massa
chusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary ; the Silver
Workers' Benefit Association; the British Charitable
Society ; the German Immigrant Aid Society ; the Per
kins Institution for the Blind ; the Young Men's Benev
olent Society ; the Hebrew Mutual Belief Society ; and
various other benevolent and charitable societies and
associations.
THE EIGHTH DIVISION.

This division was preceded by the Lowell Brass Band,

and was under the charge of NATHANIEL WINSOR, JR.,
Esq., as marshal, assisted by Messrs. James Dennie, Jr.,
and G. G. Kidder, as his aids. Many of the following
named societies and associations were represented by
small delegations in this division, namely :
The Massachusetts Humane Society; the Boston
Marine Society; the Salem East India Marine Society;
the Cape Cod Association ; the Boston Port Society ;
the Sailors' Snug Harbor ; the Seamen's Friend Society ;

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207

and several other societies for the improvement and

relief of Seamen in Boston and vicinity; the ShawInstitute for Mariners' Children ; the Commissioners
of the Boston Pilots; the Boston Pilots; the Boat
Clubs of Boston and vicinity, in the uniform of their
respective clubs, with their boats on platforms, drawn
by horses; the captains and other officers of vessels
in port; seamen in port, with flags and ship on plat
form, drawn by horses.
These were followed by an extensive cavalcade of
the citizens of Boston and of the neighboring towns.
A considerable body of mounted truckmen, attired
in white frocks, added to this part of the array.
This division, which completed the moving proces
sion, terminated with a body of mounted police.

THE NINTH DIVISION.

This consisted of the children, of both sexes, of the

public schools of Boston, and was under the special
direction of JOHN L. EMMONS, Esq., as marshal, with the
assistance of his aids, Dr. Henry L Bowditch and Mr.
George Dickinson. Owing to the very great length of
the procession, and the extent of the route, this division
did not join in the line, but was stationed in a conspicu
ous part of the route, where the spectacle could be
conveniently witnessed, and where the children could
be seen by those who took part in the pageant. At

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

an early hour in the morning, the children assembled

at their respective school houses, and proceeded, under
the guidance of their teachers, to Beacon Street, where
they were stationed upon the sides of the street. The
girls belonging to the grammar schools, and the chil
dren of the primary schools, were placed in rows upon
the sidewalk next to the mall, and the boys of the
grammar schools were ranged upon the opposite side
walk. The girls were chiefly attired in white, with
blue ribbons and badges, and a large portion of them
wore wreaths of flowers and bouquets. The boys were
also neatly clad for the occasion. Most of the schools
had their banners, designating the names of the schools,
and some bore mottoes, and others fanciful pictures.
Among the banners was one upon which was the rep
resentation of young persons, bearing wreaths of
flowers, and the inscription,
WE BRING FLOWERS.

One banner displayed a picture of Isaac and Jacob,

worked in worsted ; one a portrait of Washington ; and
another a dove bearing an olive branch, and underneath,
PEACE BE WITH YOU.

Another banner had a wreath of lilies, with the appro

priate scripture quotation as an inscription,
CONSIDER THE T.n.Tiw.

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209

One of the school delegations bore a standard, with the

inscription,
THE SCEPTRE FROM TYRANTS.

Another banner was ornamented with a cross executed

in worsted work. The children made a very pleasing
show, and attracted the attention of all persons. They
also shared in the enthusiasm of the day to a large
extent, if the loud cheers which proceeded from the
boys, and the waving of scarfs and handkerchiefs, could
form any criterion to judge by.
After the procession had passed, the children were
formed into line, and, under the guidance of their
teachers, proceeded to the Public Garden, where they
spent the remainder of the day in the enjoyment of
various innocent sports and amusements. A band of
music was in attendance throughout the day, and re
freshments were bountifully provided for the scholars,
and were distributed under the direction of Rev. Mr.
Barnard and several benevolent ladies. The garden
being open to the public, a large number of people
mingled with the children, participating in their enjoy
ment, and listening to the music of the band.
At about ten minutes past one o'clock the vanguard
reached the enclosure in front of the City Hall, the
place assigned for the literary services, and for the
ceremonies of inauguration. This square, with the
exception of the court, or public area in the centre of
27

210

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

which the statue had been erected a few days previous,

and where it was concealed from public view until the
proper time should arrive for its exposure, was covered
with temporary platforms and stages, erected under the
direction of the Committee of Arrangements, suffi
ciently commodious to accommodate very nearly five
thousand persons as an audience. The seats upon the
platforms were soon filled with the persons for whom
they were reserved ; and, upon a stage erected a short
distance west of the statue, were collected those who
were to take the most prominent part in the services
of the day. Directly behind these last were seated the
members of the city council, the statue committee, the
governor of the commonwealth with his suite, and the
many dignitaries who had been invited to be present
on the interesting occasion. Tier above tier behind
these were gathered together the delegates of the sev
eral bodies represented in the procession. On the
opposite platform, covering the eastern portion of the
square, was arranged a choir of two hundred girls
belonging to the public schools, neatly attired in white
and blue, and decorated with wreaths and bouquets of
beautiful flowers. The remaining part of the plat
form was occupied by other school children, the girls
similarly dressed and adorned, and the boys wearing
medals and badges. The seats on the platform con
tiguous to the city hall were occupied entirely by
ladies.

PROCESSION.

211

After the entrance of the Grand Lodge, who received

seats on the front of the eastern platform, and the body
guard, who formed in a circle around the statue, the
delegations were admitted in crowds within the area
between the platforms. Every portion of ground and
house-top, and all the neighboring windows and bal
conies, were filled with witnesses of the rare event.
The arrangement within the enclosure of those who
were to witness or partake in the inaugural services,
presented to the eye one of the most beautiful scenes
ever witnessed in the city of Boston.
The superintendence of the enclosure was entrusted
to J. THOMAS STEVENSON, Esq., marshal, who was assisted
in the performance of this duty by Messrs. Robert C.
Winthrop, Jr., Theodore Lyman, Francis W. Palfrey,
P. P. Ellis, George S. J. Oliver, E Jones Andrews, Albert
Cushman, John Quincy Adams, Arthur Dexter, F. 0.
Dabney, C. Hook Appleton, F. L Merritt.

INAUGURAL SERVICES.

INAUGURAL SERVICES.

SHORTLY after two o'clock in the afternoon of the ever

memorable seventeenth of September, a large con
course of witnesses having assembled within the en
closure, the services of the inauguration of the statue
of Franklin commenced.
After a voluntary, performed in a very acceptable
manner by Gilmore's Band, from the city of Salem, the
following chorus was sung by the choir of school chil
dren, under the direction of Mr. Charles Butler, one of
the music teachers connected with the public schools :
We come ! we come ! our music bringing,
Our hearts are with our voices singing:
Rejoice ! rejoice ! our spirits say,
And hail with us this happy day.

The devotional service was then conducted by the

Reverend GEORGE W. BLAGDEN, D.D., pastor of the Old
South Church, and lineal successor to the reverend
gentleman who performed the rite of baptism for
Franklin on the day of his birth. The prayer was
substantially in the following words:

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

PRAYER.
0 THOU, who hearest prayer : unto thee shall all flesh
come. Unto thee would we come ; believing that
thou art, and that thou art the rewarder of them
who diligently seek thee. May we seek thee, and
find thee, because we shall seek thee with all the
heart; not mocking thee with solemn sounds on a
thoughtless tongue; not drawing nigh to thee with
the mouth, and honoring thee with the lip, while our
hearts are far from thee; but worshipping thee,
who art a spirit, in spirit and in truth. We worship
thee as the God of our fathers, and our own God.
Above all we worship thee as the God who hast
revealed thyself as the God and Father of our Lord
and Savior Jesus Christ; and as in Him reconciling
the world unto thyself, not imputing their trespasses
unto men. We adore and. bless thee for the influ
ence this revelation of thy love and mercy, in the
Gospel of our Lord and Savior, has had in enlightening,
elevating and strengthening the human mind, and in
renewing the hearts of all who repent and believe.
We bless thee, especially, on this occasion, for the
influence it has thus exerted on the founders and
inhabitants of this, the favored city of our habitation ;
for the enlightening and elevating impulses it im
parted to him, whose patriotism, and science, and useful

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217

ness, and fame, we to-day have assembled to commemo

rate ; and for the blessings, religious and intellectual,
public and private, which through the Gospel have
descended and continued in this city, the anniversary
of the settlement of which occurs to-day.
We bless thee, 0 God, through Christ, for all the
mercies of thy providence and grace. May they be
perpetual. As to our fathers, so wilt thou graciously
be to us. Bless thy servant who shall speak to us of
our eminent fellow citizen ; himself a descendant of a
pious and an honored ancestry. Bless the government
of our city ; its present chief magistrate and officers ;
and those of our state. Bless the country of which
we are so happy as to be the citizens. Continue the
union of these states recommended and cherished
by him whose memory we celebrate. May the spirit
of the religion of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ
pervade all our institutions. May the revelation of
his holy will, in the Gospel, be the rule of life to our
people, in its application to our political, social, and
domestic life. May we never fall below it; may we
never add to it, by being wise above what is written,
or righteous overmuch. Bless all who profess and call
themselves Christians, in whatever forms they worship,
and by whatever names they may be called. In vari
eties of forms, but with the same spirit, and with one
mind, may they strive together for the faith of the
GospeL

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Our Father which art in heaven, hallowed be thy

name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in
earth, as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily
bread ; and forgive us our debts as we forgive our
debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver
us from evil ; for thine is the kingdom, and the power,
and the glory, for ever. Amen.
Hon. ROBERT C. WINTHROP, LL.D., then rose, wear
ing a Franklin medal, the meed of youthful success at
the Public Latin School, and among other badges that
of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association,
of which he is an honorary member, and, having
been duly announced to the assembly, proceeded, in
behalf of the Franklin Statue Committee, and at their
invitation and request, to deliver the following inau
gural oration, concluding with a presentation of the
statue to the general committee, to be disposed of by
their chairman agreeably to their direction.

INAUGTJBAL OKATION.

WE are assembled, Mr. Mayor and Fellow Citizens,

to do honor to the memory of one, of whom it is
little to say, that from the moment at which Boston
first found a local habitation and a name on this hemi
sphere just two hundred and twenty-six years ago
to-day down even to the present hour of her mature
development and her meridian glory, she has given
birth to no man of equal ability, of equal celebrity, or
of equal claim upon the grateful remembrance and com
memoration of his fellow-countrymen and of mankind.
"We come, on this birth-day of our ancient me
tropolis, to decorate her municipal grounds with the
image of that one of her native sons, whose name
has shed the greatest lustre upon her history ; pro
posing it as the appropriate frontispiece and figure
head, if I may so speak, of her Executive and Legis
lative Halls forever.
We' come, at this high noon of a new and noble
exhibition of the products of New England industry
and invention, to inaugurate a work of Art, in which

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

the latest and best efforts of American genius and

American skill for it is all American are fitly and
most felicitously embodied in the form and lineaments
of the greatest American Mechanic and Philosopher.
We come, on this anniversary of the very day
on which the Constitution of the United States was
adopted and signed, to commemorate a Statesman and
Patriot, who was second to no one of his time in
the services which he rendered to the cause of
American Liberty and Independence, and whose privi
lege it was, at the advanced age of eighty years, to
give his official sanction and signature to the hal
lowed instrument, by which alone that Liberty and
Independence could have been organized, administered
and perpetuated.
I hail the presence of this vast concourse of the
people, assembled in all the multiplied capacities
and relations known to our political or our social
state, mechanic, mercantile and agricultural, literary,
scientific and professional, moral, charitable and reli
gious, civil, military and masonic; not forgetting that
" legion of honor," which has decorated itself once
more, for this occasion, with the medals which his
considerate bounty provided for the scholastic triumphs
of their boyhood, and which are justly prized by every
one that wins and wears them beyond all the insignia
which kings or emperors could bestow, I hail the
presence of this countless multitude both of citizens

INAUGURAL ORATION.

221

and of strangers, from which nothing is wanting of

dignity or distinction, of brilliancy or of grace, which
office, honor, age, youth, beauty could impart, as the
welcome and most impressive evidence, that the day
and the occasion are adequately appreciated by all who
are privileged to witness them.
"Thus strives a grateful country to display
The mighty debt which nothing can repay!"

Our city and its environs have not, indeed, been

left until now, fellow citizens, wholly destitute of the
decorations of sculpture. WASHINGTON, first always
to be commemorated by every American commu
nity, has long stood majestically within the inner
shrine of our state capitol, chiseled, as you know, by
the celebrated Chantrey, from that pure white marble
which is the fittest emblem of the spotless integrity
and preeminent patriotism of a character, to which the
history of mere humanity has hitherto furnished no
parallel
BOWDITCH, our American La Place, has been seen for
many years, beneath the shades of Mount Auburn, por
trayed with that air of profound thought and pene
trating observation, which seems almost to give back
to the effigy of bronze the power of piercing the skies
and measuring the mechanism of the heavens, which
only death could take away from the ever-honored
original.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Near him, in the beautiful chapel of the same

charming cemetery, will soon be fitly gathered repre
sentative men of the four great periods of Massachu
setts history : JOHN WINTHROP, for whom others may
find the appropriate epithet and rightful designation,
with the first charter of Massachusetts in his hand ;
JAMES OTIS, that " flame of fire " against writs of assist
ance and all the other earliest manifestations of British
aggression ; JOIIN ADAMS, ready to " sink or swim " in
the cause of "Independence now and independence
forever"; and JOSEPH STORY, interpreting and admin
istering, with mingled energy and sweetness, the con
stitutional and judicial system of our mature existence.
Glorious quaternion, illustrating and personifying a
more glorious career ! God grant that there may never
be wanting a worthy successor to this brilliant series,
and that the line of the great and good may be as
unbroken in the future, as it has been in the past
history of our beloved Commonwealth !
I 'linn i avulso non deficit alter
Aureus.

Within the last year, also, the generosity and the

genius of our city and country have been nobly com
bined, in adorning our spacious and admirable Music
Hall with a grand embodiment of that exquisite com
poser, who would almost seem to have been rendered
deaf to the noises of earth, that he might catch the

INAUGURAL ORATION.

223

very music of the spheres, and transfer it to the score

of his magnificent symphonies.
Nor do we forget, on this occasion, that the familiar
and cherished presence of the greatest of the adopted
sons of Massachusetts is soon to greet us again on the
Exchange, gladdening the sight of all who congregate
there with the incomparable front of DANIEL WEBSTER.
At the touch of native art, too, the youthful form
of the martyred WARREN is even now breaking forth
from the votive block, to remind us afresh " how good
and glorious it is to die for one's country."
But for BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, the greatest of our na
tive-born sons, and peculiarly the man of the people,
has been reserved the eminently appropriate distinction
of forming the subject of the first bronze, open-air
statue, erected within the limits of the old peninsula
of his birth, to ornament one of its most central
thoroughfares, and to receive, and I had almost said
to reciprocate, the daily salutations of all who pass
through them.
Nor can any one fail to recognize, I think, a peculiar
fitness in the place which has been selected for this
statue.
Go back with me, fellow citizens, for a moment, to
a period just one hundred and forty-two years ago, and
let us picture to ourselves the very spot on which we
are assembled, as it was in that olden tune. Boston

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

was then a little town, of hardly more than ten or

twelve thousand inhabitants. Her three hills, now
scarcely distinguishable, were then her most conspicu
ous and characteristic feature, and I need hardly say
that almost all the material objects which met the view
of a Bostonian in this vicinity, at that day, must have
been widely different from those which we are now
privileged to look upon. No stately structures for city
councils or for courts of justice were then standing
upon this site. There was no Horticultural Hall in
front, delighting the eye and making the mouth water
with the exquisite flowers and luscious fruits of neigh
boring gardens and green-houses. There were no
shops and stores, filled with the countless fabrics of
foreign and domestic labor, facing and flanking it on
every side. Yet all was not different. The fathers
and founders of Boston and of Massachusetts, more
than one, certainly, of the earliest ministers and ear
liest magistrates of the grand old Puritan colony,
were slumbering then as they are slumbering now,
in their unadorned and humble graves at our side, in
what was then little more than a village church-yard,
" Each in his narrow cell forever laid ;"

and yonder House of God, of about half its present

proportions, was already casting its consecrated shadows
over the mouldering turf which covered them. At
the lower end of the sacred edifice, for the enlarge

INAUGURAL ORATION.

225

ment of which it was finally removed about the year

1748, there might have been seen a plain wooden
building, of a story and a half in height, in which
Ezekiel Cheever, of immortal memory, " the ancient
and honorable Master of the Free School in Boston,"
had exercised his magisterial functions for more than
five-and-thirty years. He, too, at the date of which I
am speaking, was freshly resting from his labors, having
died, at the age of ninety-four, about six years pre
viously, and having fully justified the quaint remark
of Cotton Mather, that he " left off teaching only when
mortality took him off" But the homely old schoolhouse was still here, under the charge of one Mr.
Nathaniel Williams, and among the younger boys who
were daily seen bounding forth from its irksome con
finement at the allotted hour, to play on the very
green on which we are now gathered, was ONE, who
probably as little dreamed that he should ever be the
subject of a commemoration or a statue, as the hum
blest of those five^and-twenty thousand children who
are now receiving their education at the public expense
within our city limits, and some of whom are at this
moment so charmingly grouped around us!
Descended from a sturdy stock, which an original
tithe-book, recently discovered and sent over to his
friend Mr. Everett, by one who finds so much delight
himself, and furnishes so much delight to ah1 the world,
in dealing with the heroes and demigods of humanity,

22 G

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

(Thomas Carlyle) descended from a sturdy stock of

blacksmiths, which this curious and precious relic ena
bles us to trace distinctly back to their anvils and their
forge-hammers, and to catch a glimpse of " their black
knuckles and their hobnailed shoes," more than two
centuries ago, at the little village of Ecton, in North
amptonshire, old England, born, himself, near the
corner of our own Milk Street, only eight years before
the scene I have just described, and baptized, with most
significant punctuality, on the same day, in the Old
South Meetinghouse, he was now, indeed, a bright,
precocious youth, who could never remember a time
when he could not read, and his pious father and
mother were already cherishing a purpose " to devote
him to the service of the church, as the tythe of their
sons." So he had been sent to the public grammar
school, (for Boston afforded but one, I believe, at that
precise moment,) to get his education; but he con
tinued there rather less than a single year, notwith
standing that " in that tune (to use his own words) he
had risen gradually from the middle of the class of
that year to be at the head of the same class, and was
removed into the next class, whence he was to be
placed in the third at the end of the year." He was
evidently a fast boy, in more senses of the word
than one, perhaps, and his progress was quite too
rapid for his father's purse, who could not contemplate
the expense of giving him a college education. Accord

INAUGURAL ORATION.

227

ingly, " he was taken away from the grammar school,

and sent to a school for writing and arithmetic kept by
a then famous man, Mr. George Brownwell, where he
learned to write a good hand pretty soon, but failed
entirely in arithmetic."
And thus the little fellow disappeared from the
play-ground on which we are now standing, and pres
ently from all the opportunities of education which
his native place supplied. Not long afterwards we
trace him helping his father at soap-boiling and tallowchandling at the sign of the Blue Ball, (now the Golden
Ball), at the corner of Union and Hanover Streets.
Next we find him working his brother's printing press
in Queen Street, now Court Street, and diversifying
his labors as an apprentice with the most diligent and
devoted efforts to increase his information and improve
his mind. Now and then we detect him writing a bal
lad, "a Light House Tragedy," or a "Song about
Blackbeard, the Pirate," and hawking it through the
streets, by way of pastime or to turn a penny. Now
and then we discover him trying his pen most success
fully at an anonymous article for his brother's news
paper. Presently we see him, for a short time, at little
more than sixteen years of age, the ostensible and
responsible editor of that paper, and in the New Eng
land Courant, printed and sold in Queen Street, Boston,
on the llth day of February, 1723, there appears,
in fair round capitals, the name of BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

never again to be undistinguished while he lived,

nor ever to be unremembered in the history of New
England or of the world.
But circumstances in his domestic condition proved
unpropitious to the further development of his destiny
at home. His spirit was winged for a wider and bolder
flight than discreet and prudent parents would be
likely to encourage or to sanction. It was, certainly,
altogether too soaring to be longer hampered by fra
ternal leading strings, and it was soon found chafing at
the wires of the domestic cage. Disgusted at last with
the impediments which were thrown in his way, and
yearning for an assertion of his personal independence,
he slips the noose which binds him to his birth-place,
and is suddenly found seeking his fortunes, under every
discouragement, three or four hundred miles away
from home or kindred or acquaintance. A lad of only
seventeen, Franklin has disappeared not only from the
old School-house Green, but from Boston altogether.
But not forever. He has carried with him a native
energy, integrity, perseverance and self-reliance, which
nothing could subdue or permanently repress. He has
carried with him a double measure of the gristle and
the grit which are the best ingredient and most pro
ductive yield of the ice and granite of New England.
And now, fellow citizens, commences a career, which
for its varied and almost romantic incidents, for its
uniform and brilliant success, and for its eminent public

INAUGURAL ORATION.

229

usefulness, can hardly be paralleled in the history of

the human race. This is not the occasion for doing
full justice to such a career. Even the barest and
briefest allusion to the posts which were successively
held, and the services to his country and to mankind
which were successively rendered, by the GREAT BosTONIAN, would require far more time than can be appro
priately consumed in these inaugural exercises. The
most rapid outline is all I dare attempt.
The life of Franklin presents him in four several
and separate relations to society, in each one of which
he did enough to have filled up the full measure of a
more than ordinary life, and to have secured for him
self an imperishable renown with posterity. As we
run over that life ever so cursorily, we see him first
as a MECHANIC, and the son of a Mechanic, aiding his
father for a year or two in his humble toil, and then
taking upon himself, as by a Providential instinct, that
profession of a PRINTER, in which he delighted to class
himself to the latest hour of his life. You all remem
ber, I doubt not, that when in the year 1788, at the
age of eighty-two years, he made that last Will and
Testament, which Boston apprentices and Boston school
boys will never forget, nor ever remember without
gratitude, he commenced it thus : " I, Benjamin Frank
lin, of Philadelphia, Printer, late Minister Plenipoten
tiary from the United States of America to the Court

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

of France, now President of the State of Pennsylvania,

do make and declare my last Will and Testament as
follows." Before all other titles he placed that of his
chosen craft, and deemed no designation of himself
complete, in which that was not foremost. In the
midst of his highest distinctions, and while associated
with statesmen and courtiers at home or abroad, he
was proud to be found turning aside to talk, not merely
with the Baskervilles and Strahans who were so long
his chosen friends, but with the humbler laborers at the
press " entering into their schemes and suggesting
or aiding improvements in their art." In the last year
but one of his life, he writes to his sister "I am too
old to follow printing again myself, but loving the busi
ness, I have brought up my grandson Benjamin to it,
and have built and furnished a printing-house for him,
which he now manages under my own eye." He had
an early and intense perception of the dignity and
importance of that great engine for informing and
influencing the public opinion of the world, and a
prophetic foresight of the vast and varied power which
a Free Press was to exert, for good or for evil, in his
own land, and he seemed peculiarly anxious that his
personal relations to it should never be forgotten.
And they never will be forgotten. If Franklin had
never been anything else than a printer, if he had ren
dered no services to his country or to mankind but
those which may fairly be classed under this depart

INAUGURAL ORATION.

231

ment of his career, he would still have left a mark

upon his age which could not have been mistaken or
overlooked. It was as a printer, that he set such an
example to his fellow-mechanics of all ages, of industry,
temperance and frugality, of truth, sincerity and in
tegrity. " The industry of that Franklin," said an eye
witness of his early habits, (Dr. Baird,) " is superior to
anything I ever saw of the kind; I see him still at
work when I go home from Club, and he is at work
again before his neighbors are out of bed." And you
all remember how the ale-drinking apprentices of Lon
don sneered at him as "the Water-American," and
wondered how one who drank no strong beer, could be
so much stronger than themselves ! It was as a printer,
that he instituted those Clubs for discussion and mutual
improvement, which elevated the character and import
ance of the working classes wherever they were intro
duced. It was as a printer, that he displayed such
extraordinary mechanical ingenuity, in making for him
self whatever articles he needed in his own profession,
founding letters of lead, carving ornaments and cuts
of wood, engraving vignettes upon copper, mixing his
own printer's ink, and manufacturing his own plate
press. It was as a printer, that he set on foot the first
subscription Circulating Library, " the mother of all in
North America." It was as a printer, that he did so
much to improve the character of the Newspaper Press
of the American Colonies, asserting its liberty, discour

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

aging its licentiousness, protesting against its being

employed as an instrument of scandal, defamation and
detraction, and exhibiting it as the worthy and chosen
vehicle of information, entertainment and instruction.
It was as a printer, that he commenced and continued
that series of delightful Essays, sometimes political,
sometimes historical, sometimes moral, sometimes satir
ical or playful, which are hardly inferior in wit and
wisdom to the best papers of Johnson or of Addison,
of the witty Dean of St. Patrick's or the genial Canon
of St. Paul's, and which would have secured and
established the permanent literary reputation of their
author, had no other monument of his labors existed.
It was as a, printer, above all, that he prepared and pub
lished for so many years his immortal Almanac, under
the name of Richard Saunders, with those inimitable
proverbs, some of them only second to those of Solo
mon, of which so many millions of copies, in almost
every language and tongue known beneath the sun,
have been scattered broadcast throughout the world,
for the entertainment and instruction of young and
old, rich and poor, wise and simple. When will ever
Poor Richard be forgotten ! Or when will he ever be
remembered without fresh admiration for the shrewd,
sagacious common sense, which he poured forth with
such charming good humor, and in such exhaustless
profusion !
Well may the mechanics of Boston take the lead in

INAUGURAL ORATION.

233

every commemoration of Benjamin Franklin, as they

have done in that of which this day witnesses the com
pletion, for it was as a Boston Mechanic that he laid
the foundations, strong and deep, of a character which
no temptations or trials could ever shake, and of a
fame which will know no limits but those of civiliza
tion, and no termination but that of time !
But the ingenuity and invention of Franklin, while
they stooped to supply not merely every want which
he encountered in his own profession, but every want
which he observed in his relations with others, could
not be confined within any mere mechanical limits, but
demanded nothing less than the whole circle of art and
nature for their display. If nothing was too low for
his care, neither was anything too lofty for his contem
plation ; and as we run over his life, he stands before
us in the character of a PHILOSOPHER, not less distinctly
or less proudly than we have just seen him in the
character of a Printer.
It is with no little interest that we recall his own
statement, that it was in his native Boston that his
curiosity was first excited in regard to the nature of
that wonderful element, from the investigation of which
he was destined to derive his highest and most per
vading celebrity. Here, in the year 1746, he received
the earliest impressions upon the subject of electricity,
and here, among the Bowdoins and Chauncys and

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Coopers and Quincys and Winthrops of that day, he

found some of the earliest and latest sympathizers and
cooperators in his scientific as well as in his political
pursuits. The gradual steps by which he advanced
in his electrical researches are for the historian and
biographer; the transcendent result is familiar to you
all. When Franklin had completed that grand and
unparalleled discovery, arresting the very thunder
bolts on their flaming circuit through the sky, chal
lenging them forth from their chariots of fire, and
compelling them to a reluctant revelation of the nature
of their mysterious, mighty energies, he had reached
a pinnacle of human glory which had not been ap
proached by any man of his country or of his age.
His fame was flashed from pole to pole over the whole
habitable globe, and hardly a civilized region, over
which a thunder-cloud ever pealed or rattled, was long
left ignorant of the name of him, who had disarmed
it of its shafts and stripped it of its terrors.
The boldness and sublimity of the experiment, by
which his theories were finally tested and confirmed,
have never been surpassed, if they have ever been
equalled, in the walks of science, and even the battle
fields of ancient or modern history may be explored
in vain for a loftier exhibition of moral and physical
heroism.
See him going forth into the fields, with no attend
ant or witness but his own son, lest a failure should

INAUGURAL ORATION.

235

bring discredit, not upon himself, for no man cared

less for anything which might concern himself, but
upon the experiment he was about to try, and upon
the theory which he knew must prove true in the end.
See him calmly awaiting the gathering of the coming
storm, and then lifting his little kite, with an iron point
at the top of the stick, and a steel key at the end of
the hempen string, to draw deliberately down upon his
own head a full charge of the Artillery of Heaven!
See him, disappointed at first, but never despairing or
doubting, applying his own knuckle to the key,
knocking, as it were, at the very gates of the mighty
Thunderer, and eagerly standing to receive that bolt,
from which so many of us, even now that he has pro
vided so complete a shield, shrink away so often in
terror! A similar experiment is to cost the life of a
distinguished Russian philosopher at St. Petersburg
only a few months afterwards. Shall Franklin's life be
spared now ? Well has Mr. Everett suggested that
if that moment had been his last, * conscious of
an immortal name, he must have felt that he could
have been content." But the good providence of God,
in which, as we shall see, Franklin always trusted,
permitted the cloud to emit but a single spark. That
spark was enough. His theory is confirmed and veri
fied. Henceforth, in the latest words of the dying
Arago, Electricity is Franklin's. "To him the world
owes the knowledge which led to the Telegraph, the

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Electroplate, the Electrotype. Every fresh adaptation

of electricity is a stone added to his monument.
They are only improvements of his bequest. Elec
tricity is Franklin's." His name has, indeed, become
immortal, but, thanks be to God, his life is still pre
served for the best interests of his country and for the
welfare of the world.
But the fame of Franklin as a philosopher rests not
alone on his discoveries in any single department of
natural history, and the brilliancy of his electrical
experiments must not be permitted to eclipse his many
other services to science. Nothing, indeed, within the
range of philosophical inquiry, seemed to be beyond
his eager and comprehensive grasp, and to the end of
his long life he was yearly adding something to the
stock of scientific knowledge. He delighted to employ
himself in searching out the causes of the common
operations of nature, as well as of its more striking
and remarkable phenomena. The principles of evapo
ration, the origin of the saltness of the sea and the
formation of salt-mines, the habitual commencement
of north-easterly storms at the south-east, the influ
ence of oil in smoothing the waters and stilling the
waves, and a hundred other subjects, at that time by
no means familiar to the common understanding, were
elaborately investigated and explained by him. In
deed, wherever he went, he was sure to find material
for his inquisitive and penetrating mind. A badly

INAUGURAL OKAHON.

237

heated room would furnish him with a motive for

inventing a better stove, and a smoking chimney would
give him no rest until he had studied the art of curing
it. Did he visit Holland, he is found learning from
the boatmen that vessels propelled by an equal force
move more slowly in shoal than in deep water, and
forthwith he engages in patient experiments to verify
and illustrate the lesson, for the benefit of those who
may be employed in constructing canals. Did the
bark in which he was crossing the ocean stop a day or
two at Madeira, he seizes the occasion to procure and
write out a full account of its soil, climate, population
and productions. And while the ship is in full sail,
behold him from day to day the laughing-stock of the
sailors, who probably regarded him as only a whimsical
land-lubber, while he sits upon the deck dipping his
thermometer into successive tubs of water, baled out
for the purpose, or, perhaps, directly into the ocean,
to ascertain by the differences of temperature the
range and extent of the Gulf Stream, and thus fur
nishing the basis of that geography of the seas, which
has recently assumed so imposing a shape under the
hands of the accomplished and enterprising Maury.
No wonder that the great English historian of that
period, the philosophic Hume, wrote to Franklin as he
was leaving England to return home in 1762 : " I am
sorry that you intend soon to leave our hemisphere.
America has sent us many good things, gold, silver,

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

sugar, tobacco, indigo, &c.; but you are the first philoso
pher, and, indeed, the first great man of letters for
whom we are beholden to her." And most justly did
Sir Humphrey Davy say of him at a later day "He
has in no instance exhibited that false dignity, by
which philosophy is kept aloof from common applica
tions ; and he has sought rather to make her a useful
inmate and servant in the common habitations of man,
than to preserve her merely as an object of admiration
in temples and palaces." Indeed, his merits as a phi
losopher were early and everywhere recognized and
acknowledged, and our BOSTON PRINTER was introduced
and welcomed into Royal Societies and Imperial Acade
mies and Institutes, in almost every kingdom on the
globe.
Nor were his scientific attainments recognized only
by diplomas and titular distinctions. It is pleasant to
remember that the great British powder magazines at
Purfleet, and the magnificent cathedral of St. Paul's,
were both protected from the danger of lightning by
rods arranged under Franklin's immediate direction;
while some years later, (1784,) the King of France
placed him at the head of a commission, consisting of
five members from the Royal Academy of Sciences,
and four members from the Faculty of Medicine, to
investigate the subject of animal magnetism, then
first introduced to the notice of the world by the
celebrated Mesmer.

INAUGURAL ORATION.

239

In running over the marvellous career of Benjamin

Franklin, we hail him next, in the third place, as a
STATESMAN and PATRIOT, second to no one of his time in
the variety and success of his efforts to build up the
institutions of our country, both state and national, and
in promoting and establishing her Union and her Inde
pendence.
Franklin made his first formal appearance on the
political stage, at the age of thirty years, in the humble
capacity of clerk of the General Assembly of Penn
sylvania at Philadelphia, in the year 1736. But his
thoughts being now turned to public affairs, he at once
commenced instituting reforms wherever an opportu
nity presented itself. Nothing which could contribute
to the welfare of the community in which he lived was
too seemingly insignificant for his attention. The regu
lation of the city watch, the paving and sweeping and
lighting of the streets, the organization of fire com
panies, the foundation of schools and academies, suc
cessively occupied his earliest care. His fitness for
every sort of public employment soon becoming mani
fest, he was spared from no service within the gift
either of the executive or of the people. In the single
year 1750, while he was just commencing his philo
sophical pursuits, he was called upon to discharge the
duties of a justice of the peace, (no sinecure in that
day,) by the governor ; of a common councilman, and
then an alderman, by the corporation of Philadelphia ;

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

and of a burgess, to represent them in the State Assem

bly, by his fellow-citizens at large. The next year finds
him delegated as a commissioner to treat with the
Indians. The next year, he is appointed joint post
master general of the colonies. The following year,
the ever memorable year of 1754, he is one of a
congress of commissioners from all the colonies at
Albany, to confer with the chiefs of the Six Nations
concerning the means of defending the country from a
threatened invasion by France. And then and there,
in that capacity, our Boston printer first projected and
proposed a Union of all the colonies under one govern
ment, the original suggestion of that glorious UNION
which was afterwards adopted as a defence against the
tyrannical oppression of Great Britain, and which is still
our best and only defence, not only against Great
Britain and all the rest of the world, but against each
other, and against ourselves, too. God grant that this
Union may be no less durable than the solid bronze of
which the statue of its earliest proposer and constant
advocate is composed, defying alike the corrosions of
time, the shock of strife, and the convulsions of every
evil element!
The next year, 1755, we see him procuring wagons
for General Braddock, who had utterly failed to pro
cure them by any other agency, and advancing for the
service upwards of a thousand pounds sterling out of
his own pocket. And then, too, it was, that with a

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241

sagacity so remarkable, he distinctly predicted the pre-

cise ambuscade which resulted in the disastrous defeat
of that ill-starred expedition. Before the close of the
same year, we find him marching himself at the head
of a body of troops, to protect the frontier, not wait
ing, I presume, to be formally commissioned as com
mander, since it is not until the succeeding year,
1756, just one hundred years ago, that we see
him regularly sworn in as colonel, and learn that
several glasses of his electrical apparatus were shaken
down and broken by the volleys fired under his win
dows, as a salute, after the first review of his regiment.
Passing over the six or seven next years, which
belong to another department of his career, we find
him in 1763 sole postmaster general of British North
America, and spending five or six months in travelling
through the northern colonies in an old-fashioned gig,
for the purpose of inspecting and arranging the post
offices. Soon afterwards we see him taking a leading
part in stopping the tide of insurrection and quieting
the commotions arising out of the inhuman massacre
of the Indians in Lancaster County, appealing to the
people in an eloquent and masterly pamphlet, organ
izing a military association, and by his personal exer
tions and influence strengthening the arm of govern
ment and upholding the supremacy of the laws. And
now, in 1764, we welcome him, assuming the chair as
speaker of the Pennsylvania Assembly, to sign a bold
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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

1 petition to the king against the proprietary govern

ment, which he had drafted and defended on the floor,
but to which the previous speaker had shrunk from
affixing his signature.
Passing over another interval of a little more than
ten years, (to be the subject of separate allusion under
another view of his services,) we meet him next, on
his own soil, in 1775, as a delegate from Pennsylvania
to the second Continental Congress. He serves simul
taneously as chairman of the committee of safety
appointed by the Pennsylvania Assembly. " In the
morning at six o'clock," (says he of this period, and he
was then sixty-nine years of age,) " I am at the com
mittee of safety, which committee holds till near nine,
when I am at Congress, and that sits till after four in
the afternoon." In the Continental Congress, we find
him successively proposing a plan of confederation;
assuming the entire management of the American post
office ; at the head of the commissioners for Indian
affairs ; a leading member of the committee of secret
correspondence, and of almost every other committee,
whether for secret or for open negotiations ; a delegate
to the American camp at Cambridge, to consult with
Washington and the continental army for the relief
of his native town ; a delegate to Canada, to concert
measures of sympathy and succor ; and finally, one of
the illustrious Committee of Five, with Thomas Jeffer
son, and John Adams, and Roger Sherman, and Robert

INAUGURAL ORATION.

243

R Livingston, to draft the Declaration of Independence. .

That Declaration is reported and adopted, and Franklin
signs it in his order with an untrembling hand. He
would seem, however, to have fully realized the mo
mentous character of the act, when he humorously
replied to our own John Hancock, who had said,
" There must be no pulling different ways ; we must all
hang together;" "Yes, we must, indeed, all hang
together, or most assuredly we shall all hang sepa
rately." He was as ready to brave the strokes of
arbitrary power, as he had been those of the lightning
of Heaven, to snatch the sceptre from tyrants as the
thunder-bolt from the clouds ; and he might almost
seem to have adopted, as the motto at once of his
scientific and political life, those noble lines of a cotemporary poet
" Thy spirit, Independence, let me share !
Lord of the lion heart and eagle eye,
Thy steps I follow with my bosom bare,
Nor heed the storm which howls along the sky ! "

And now he presides over the convention which

frames the constitution of Pennsylvania ; and, after
another interval of about eight years and a half, (to be
accounted for presently,) we see him presiding over the
state itself, whose constitution he had thus aided in
forming. Now, too, at the age of eighty, the Nestor
of America, as he was well styled by the National
Assembly of France, he is found among the delegates

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

to the convention which framed the constitution of

the United States, and there we may hear him making
two brief but most characteristic and remarkable
speeches. One of them I reserve for the conclusion
of this discourse. The other was delivered on the
twenty-eighth day of June, 1787, when he submitted
that memorable motion, seconded by Roger Sherman,
and said by at least one member of the convention to
have been rejected only because they had no funds for
meeting the expense, but which, at any rate, found
only three or four voices to sustain it, that " hence
forth prayers, imploring the assistance of Heaven, and
its blessings on our deliberations, be held in this assem
bly every doming before we proceed to business."
tf I have lived, Sir, (said he most nobly,) a long tune,
and the longer I live, the more convincing proofs I
see of this truth that God governs in the affairs of
men. And if a sparrow cannot fall to the ground with
out his notice, is it probable that an empire can rise
without his aid? We have been assured, Sir, in the
Sacred Writings, that ' except the Lord build the house,
they labor in vain that build it/ I firmly believe this j
and I also believe that without his concurring aid we
shall succeed in this political building no better than
the builders of Babel. We shall be divided by our
little partial local interests ; our projects will be con
founded; and we ourselves shall become a reproach
and a by-word down to future ages. And what is

INAUGURAI ORATION.

245

worse, mankind may hereafter, from this unfortunate

instance, despair of establishing governments by human
wisdom, and leave it to chance, war, and conquest."
Glorious words! Precious testimony! Admirable
example ! The wisest and most venerable of all that
wise and venerable assembly, full of the largest and
richest and most varied experience; full, too, of the
fruits of the most profound scientific and philosophical
research, even he that had * divided a way for the
lightnings," " sending them that they might go, and say
unto him, Here we are," publicly acknowledging the
utter insufficiency of all human wisdom, and calling
upon his associates to unite with him in "humbly
applying to the Father of Lights to illuminate their
understandings ! "
Who shall say, that if inequalities, or injustices, or
imperfections of any sort, exist in the great work of
that convention, which even now may threaten its
overthrow, which even "now may involve us in the
danger of being "divided by our little partial local
interests " and of encountering the fate of " the builders
of Babel," . who shall say that the adoption of Frank
lin's resolution might not have averted such a result ?
And who shall doubt that, if, in the future administra
tion of that cherished instrument, all human wisdom
shall again be found signally at fault, as it is found at
this hour, the humble prostration of a whole people,
governors and governed, in prayer to God, for that

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

most neglected of all subjects of prayer the preser

vation of our country and its constitution, its union
and its liberty, might not be a more effectual safe
guard, than all the brawlings and bickerings and wrest
lings and wranglings of self-relying and self-magnifying
politicians !
We could all have wished, my friends, that Franklin
had been a more earnest student of the Gospel of
Christ; but the devout reliance upon a superintending
Providence, attested by frequent prayer, which char
acterized him from his youth upwards, and which never
failed him in private or in public life, his intimacy
with Whitefield and with the "Good Bishop" of St.
Asaph, his earnest religious advice to his daughter,
and his strenuous remonstrance against the infidel pub
lications of Paine, furnish ample evidence of a rev
erence for sacred things and solemn observances, which
might well put to shame the indifference of not a few
of those who may be most disposed to cavil about his
views of Christianity.
But there is another phase to this many-sided and
mighty mind, and the Great Bostonian stands before us,
in the fourth place, as a DIPLOMATIC AGENT AND AMBAS
SADOR in foreign lands ; a character in which he
rendered services of inestimable value to the separate
colonies and to the whole country, and secured a
renown quite independent of that which he had

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achieved as a Mechanic, a Philosopher, or a Statesman,

and by no means inferior to either.
Franklin spent no less than twenty-six years of his
mature life in other lands, all but two of them in public
employment. He was more than five years in London,
between 1757 and 1763, as agent of Pennsylvania to
attend to that petition to the king, which he had been
appointed speaker to sign. His fame as a philosopher
and a writer had even then preceded him. He had
already been made a member of the Royal Society,
and had received the medal of Sir Godfrey Copley.
His mission at this time, however, gave but little scope
for brilliant service, although it has been said on good
authority that the British expedition against Canada,
with its memorable results in the victory of Wolfe and
the conquest of Quebec, may be chiefly ascribed to his
earnest recommendation of that particular policy to the
British ministry of that day.
His second and more important visit to London, in
a public capacity, extended from the close of the year
1764 to May, 1775. He went at first, as before, only
as agent for Pennsylvania, but soon received commis
sions as agent for Georgia, for New Jersey, and for our
own Massachusetts assembly. Arriving at the very era
of the stamp act, his whole residence in England, of more
than ten years' continuance, was crowded with incidents
of the most interesting and exciting character. If no
other memorial existed of Franklin's wisdom, courage

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

and patriotism, than the single record of his extraordi

nary examination before the House of Commons, at
the beginning of the year 1766, the statue which we
are about to inaugurate would have an ample justifica
tion to every American eye and in every American
heart.
If any one desires to obtain a vivid impression of
the surpassing qualities of this wonderful man, of his
fullness of information, of his firmness of purpose, of
his wit, prudence and indomitable presence of mind,
of his true dignity and patriotic devotedness of charac
ter, let him read this examination as contained in
his published works. It has often seemed to me in
credible that such replies could have been, as we know
they were, in so great a degree unpremeditated. There
is a dramatic power, a condensed energy, a mingled
force and felicity of expression, with an unhesitating
mastery of resources, in Franklin's share of this famous
dialogue, which would alone have secured him no
second place among the remarkable men of his age.
This was the scene of his glory and his pride. But he
was no stranger to the other side of the picture. He
knew how to be humbled as well as how to be exalted,
how to be silent as well as how to answer. And that
subsequent scene in the privy council chamber, on the
eleventh of January, 1774, when he stood as the "butt
of invective ribaldry for near an hour," and bore with
out flinching, in his capacity of agent of Massachusetts,

INAUGURAL ORATION.

249

a treatment so indecent and ignominious, will be

remembered by every true-hearted American, to the
latest generation, as a triumph no less proud and
glorious.
Another year attests the estimation in which he is
held by the greatest figure of that memorable period
of English history, when the peerless peer the incom
parable Chatham not only introduced him personally
into the House of Lords, to listen to his burning words
on a motion to withdraw the troops from the town of
Boston, but soon afterwards, on being reproached with
taking counsel of Franklin, " made no scruple to declare
that if he were the first minister of the country, and
had the care of settling this momentous business, he
should not be ashamed of publicly calling to his assist
ance a person so perfectly acquainted with the whole
of American affairs as the gentleman alluded to, and
so injuriously reflected on ; one whom all Europe
held in high estimation for his knowledge and wisdom,
and ranked with our Boyles and Newtons ; who was an
honor not to the English nation only, but to human
nature."
But by far the greatest of Franklin's services in
foreign employment remain still to be recounted. It is
not too much to say, that the early success of our revo
lutionary struggle was mainly attributable to the gen
erous and magnanimous aid afforded us by France,
represented here, on this occasion, I am glad to per
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FRAJTKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

ceive, by her highest diplomatic functionary, (the Count

de Sartiges). Let us never forget the magnitude of
Our indebtedness to France for that noble intervention,
and let the remembrance of it serve to temper the ani
mosities and soften the asperities which may at any
time spring up in our intercourse with her people or
her rulers, inclining us ever to maintain the kindest
and most amicable relations with both. But let us
never fail to remember that for the French alliance,
with all its advantages and aids, our country was
indebted, more than to any or all other causes, to
the character, the influence and the efforts of Ben
jamin Franklin. His celebrity as a philosopher, a
man of letters, a statesman, and a bold defender
of his country's rights and liberties, prepared the way
for his success. The intelligence, information and
lofty independence he had displayed during his recent
examination before the British Commons, and the un
flinching firmness with which he had borne the abuse
which had been heaped upon him at the bar of the
British council, had excited the wannest admiration
and sympathy on the other side of the channel. Every
thing in his age, appearance and reputation, conspired
to render him an object of interest, attention and
enthusiastic regard. It might be said of his arrival
at Paris, as Cicero said of the arrival of Archias
at some of the cities of ancient Greece, "Sic ejus
adventus celebrabatur, ut famam ingenii exspectatio.

INAUGURAL ORATION.

251

hominis, exspectationem ipsius adventus admiratioque

superaret."
Nothing could be more striking than the account
which an eminent French historian has given of this
advent : " By the effect which Franklin produced in
France, we might say that he fulfilled his mission, not
with a court, but with a free people. . . . Men im
agined they saw in him a sage of antiquity come back
to give austere lessons and generous examples to the
moderns. They personified in him the republic of:
which he was the representative and the legislator. . . .
His virtues and his renown negotiated for him; and
before the second year of his mission had expired, no
one conceived it possible to refuse fleets and an army
to the compatriots of Franklin."
Undoubtedly at that era, and in that capital, Frank
lin was the great American name. The mild but
steady lustre of Washington's surpassing character had
not yet broken forth full-orbed on the admiration of
the European world, as it was destined to do no long
time afterwards. With that character at this day we
admit no comparison. But our Boston printer was the
very first of whom it might then have been said, in
language since applied to others, that his name alone
made our country respectable throughout the world -r
and when he signed the treaty of alliance with France,
on the sixth of February, 1778, he had accomplished a:
work which will ever entitle him to be counted as the

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

negotiator of the most important, as well as of the

very first, treaty to which this country has ever been
a party. This treaty of alliance was, indeed, the imme
diate and most effective instrument of that other and
still more memorable treaty, which he was privileged
also to sign at Paris, four or five years afterwards, in
company with his illustrious associates, John Adams
and John Jay, the treaty of peace and independence
with Great Britain, by which the war of revolution was
at length happily and gloriously terminated, and by
which the United States of America were at last ad
mitted to an equal place in the great brotherhood
of nations.
Many more treaties received his attention and his
signature, with those of his illustrious associates, during
the same period ; one of amity and commerce with
France, one with Sweden, and one with Prussia, in
which latter he succeeded in procuring admission for
that noble stipulation against privateering, which,
whether it be expedient or inexpedient for the particu
lar circumstances of our country at the present mo
ment, must commend itself as a matter of principle
and justice to the whole Christian world. The late
congress of peace at Paris has substantially revived
and adopted this article on the very spot on which it
was drafted and defended by Franklin eighty years
ago, uniting it, too, with that great American doc
trine, that free ships shall make free goods, which found

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253

in Franklin, on the same occasion, one of its earliest

and ablest advocates.
And these were the acts of a man more than threescore-and-ten years old, wearied with service and racked
with disease, and praying to be suffered to return home
and recover his strength, before he should go hence
and be no more seen, but whose retirement congress
was unwilling to allow ! In his early youth, however,
he had adopted the maxim, u never to ask, never to
refuse, and never to resign " any office for which others
might think him fit, and he bravely persevered till all
was accomplished.
May I not safely say, fellow-citizens, that had Benja
min Franklin left no record of his public service but
that which contains the story of his career as a foreign
agent and minister, whether of separate colonies or of
the whole country, after he had already completed the
allotted term of human existence, he would still have
richly merited a statue in the squares of his native
city, and a niche in the hearts of all her people, as one
of the great American negotiators and diplomatists of
our revolutionary age?
And now, my friends, over and above the four dis
tinct and separate phases of his life and history, which
I have thus imperfectly delineated, but which are to
find a worthier and more permanent portrayal on the
four panels of the pedestal before you, over and

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

above them all, at once the crowning glory of his career

and the keystone to its admirable unity, blending and
binding together all the fragmentary services which he
rendered in widely different spheres of duty into one
proportionate and noble life, over and above them
all, like some gilded and glorious dome over columns
and arches and porticoes of varied but massive and
magnificent architecture, rises the character of Franklin
for benevolence; that character which pervaded his
whole existence, animating every step of its progress,
and entitling him to the preeminent distinction of a
true PHILANTHROPIST.
Happening, by the purest accident, let me rather
say by some Providential direction, to have read in his
earliest youth an essay written by another celebrated
son of Boston, (Cotton Mather,) upon "the good that
is to be devised and designed by those who desire to
answer the great end of life," he dedicated himself at
once to "a perpetual endeavor to do good in the
world." He read in that little volume such golden
sentences as these: " It is possible that the wisdom
of a poor man may start a proposal that may serve a
city, save a nation." "A mean mechanic who can
tell what an engine of good he may be, if humbly and
wisely applied unto it ! " " The remembrance of having
been the man that first moved a good law, were better
than a statue erected for one's memory." These and
many other passages of that precious little volume

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sunk deep into his mind, and gave the tum to the
whole current of his career. Writing to " his honored
mother" at the age of forty-three, he says, "For my
own part, at present, I pass my time agreeably enough.
I enjoy, through mercy, a tolerable share of health. I
read a great deal, ride a little, do a little business for
myself, now and then for others, retire when I can, and
go into company when I please; so the years roll
round, and the last will come, when I would rather
have it said, ' He lived usefully,' than ' He died rich.' "
Writing to the son of Cotton Mather, within a few
years of his own death, (1784,) and after he had
achieved a world-wide celebrity as a philosopher, a
statesman and a patriot, he nobly says, in reference to
the "Essays to do good,""I have always set a greater
value on the character of a doer of good, than on any
other kind of reputation ; and if I have been, as you
seem to think, a useful citizen, the public owes the
advantage of it to that book."
And certainly, if any man of his age, or of almost
any other age, ever earned the reputation of a doer of
good, and of having lived usefully, it was Benjamin
Franklin. No life was ever more eminently and prac
tically a useful life than his. Capable of the greatest
things, he condescended to the humblest. He never
eat down to make himself famous. He never secluded
himself from the common walks and duties of society
in order to accomplish a great reputation, much less to

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

accumulate a great fortune. He wrote no elaborate

histories, or learned treatises, or stately tomes. Short
essays or tracts, thrown off at a heat to answer an im
mediate end, letters to his associates in science or
politics, letters to his family and friends, these
make up the great bulk of his literary productions;
and, under the admirable editorship of Mr. Sparks, nine
noble volumes do they fill, abounding in evidences of
a wisdom, sagacity, ingenuity, diligence, freshness of
thought, fullness of information, comprehensiveness
of reach, and devotedness of purpose, such as are
rarely to be found associated in any single man.
Wherever he found anything to be done, he did it;
anything to be investigated, he investigated it; any
thing to be invented or discovered, he forthwith tried
to invent or discover it, and almost always succeeded.
He did everything as if his whole attention in life had
been given to that one thing. And thus while he did
enough in literature to be classed among the great
writers of his day ; enough in invention and science to
secure him the reputation of a great philosopher;
enough in domestic politics to win the title of a great
statesman ; enough in foreign negotiations to merit the
designation of a great diplomatist ; he found time to do
enough, also, in works of general utility, humanity and
benevolence, to insure him a perpetual memory as a
great philanthropist.
No form of personal suffering or social evil escaped

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257

his attention, or appealed in vain for such relief or

remedy as his prudence could suggest or his purse
supply. From that day of his early youth, when, a
wanderer from his home and friends in a strange place,
he was seen sharing his rolls with a poor woman and
child, to the last act of his puhlic life, when he signed
that well known memorial to congress, as President of
the Anti-Slavery Society of Pennsylvania, a spirit of
earnest and practical benevolence runs like a golden
thread along his whole career. Would to Heaven that
he could have looked earlier at that great evil which
he looked at last, and that the practical resources and
marvellous sagacity of his mighty intellect could have
been brought seasonably to bear upon the solution of a
problem, now almost too intricate for any human facul
ties ! Would to Heaven that he could have tasked his
invention for a mode of drawing the fires safely from
that portentous cloud, in his day, indeed, hardly
bigger than a man's hand, but which is now blacken
ing the whole sky, and threatening to rend asunder
that noble fabric of union, of which he himself pro
posed the earliest model!
To his native place, which is now about to honor
him afresh, Franklin never failed to manifest the warm
est regard and affection. Never forgetting that "he
owed his first instructions in literature to the free
grammar schools established there," he made a pro
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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

vision by his Will which must render him a sort of

patron saint to Boston school-boys to the latest genera
tion. Never forgetting the difficulties under which he
had struggled as a Boston apprentice, he has left ample
testimony of his desire to relieve Boston apprentices
from similar trials in all time to come. At all periods
of his life, he evinced the liveliest interest in the wel
fare of his birth-place, and the kindest feelings for its
citizens, and the day is certain to arrive, though we
of this generation may not live to witness it, when his
native city and his native state will owe some of their
noblest improvements and most magnificent public
works, to a fund which he established with that ulti
mate design. Here, in yonder Granary grave-yard, his
father and mother were buried, and here he placed a
stone, in filial regard to their memory, with an inscrip
tion commemorative of their goodness. The kindness
and honors of other cities could not altogether wean
him from such associations. As he approached the
close of his long and eventful career, his heart seemed
to turn with a fresh yearning to the grave of his
parents, the scenes of his childhood, and the friends of
his early years. Writing to Dr. Cooper, on the fifteenth
of May, 1781, he says, "I often form pleasing imagina
tions of the pleasure I should enjoy as a private person
among my friends and compatriots in my native Bos
ton. God only knows whether this pleasure is reserved
for me." Writing to his sister on the fourth of Novem

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259

ber, 1787, he says, "It was my intention to decline

serving another year as president, that I might be at
liberty to take a trip to Boston in the spring ; but I
submit to the unanimous voice of my country, which
has again placed me in the chair." Writing to the
Rev. Dr. Lathrop, on the thirty-first of May, 1788, he
says, " It would certainly, as you observe, be a very
great pleasure to me, if I could once again visit my
native town, and walk over the grounds I used to fre
quent when a boy, and where I enjoyed many of the
innocent pleasures of youth, which would be so brought
to my remembrance, and where I might find some of
my old acquaintance to converse with. . . . But I
enjoy the company and conversation of its inhab
itants, when any of them are so good as to visit
me; for, besides their general good sense, which I
value, the Boston manner, turn of phrase, and even
tone of voice, and accent in pronunciation, all please,
and seem to refresh and revive me." But the most
striking testimony of his attachment to the scenes of
his birth is found in the letter to Dr. Samuel Mather,
on the twelfth of May, 1784, from which I have already
quoted, where he says, " I long much to see again my
native place, and to lay my bones there. I left it in
1723 ; I visited it in 1733, 1743, 1753, and 1763. In
1773 I was in England ; in 1775 I had a sight of it, but
could not enter, it being in possession of the enemy.
I did hope to have been there in 1783, but could not

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

obtain my dismission from this employment here ; and

now I fear I shall never have that happiness."
And he never did again enjoy that happiness. A few
years more of pain and suffering, sustained with an
undaunted courage, and relieved by a persevering and
unwearied attention to every private and every public
claim, a few years more of pain and suffering termi
nated his career, and the seventeenth day of April, 1790,
found him resting at last from the labors of a life of
eighty-four years and three months, in the city of his
adoption, where his ashes still repose. Let his memory
ever be a bond of affection between his birth-place and
his burial-place, both of which he loved so well, and of
both of which he was so eminent a benefactor; and
may their only rivalry or emulation be, which shall
show itself, in all time to come, by acts of enlightened
philanthropy and of enlarged and comprehensive pa
triotism, most loyal to the memory, and most faithful
to the example and the precept, of one who did enough
to reflect imperishable glory on a hundred cities!
Fellow-citizens of Boston, the third half century has
just expired, since this remarkable person first appeared
within our limits. The seventeenth day of January
last completed the full term of one hundred and fifty
years, since, having drawn his first breath beneath the
humble roof which not a few of those around me can
etill remember, he was borne to the neighboring sanctu

INAUGURAL ORATION.

261

ary to receive the baptismal blessing at the hands of

the pious Pemberton, or, it may have been, of the ven
erable Willard. More than sixty-six years have elapsed
since his death.
He has not, I need not say he has not, been
unremembered or unhonored during this long interval.
The street which bears his name, with the graceful
urn in its centre, and the old subscription library at its
side, was a worthy tribute to his memory for the day
in which it was laid out. The massive stone which has
replaced the crumbling tablet over the grave of his
father and mother, is a memorial which he himself
would have valued more than anything which could
have been done for his own commemoration. The
numerous libraries, lyceums, institutes and societies of
every sort, in all quarters of the country, which have
adopted his name as their most cherished designation,
are witnesses to his worth, whose testimony would have
been peculiarly prized by him. He has been honored,
more than all, by the just distinctions which have
everywhere been accorded to not a few of those who
have inherited his love of science with his blood, one
of whom, at least, we had confidently hoped to welcome
among us on this occasion, as the acknowledged heir
and living representative of his philosophical fame. I
need hardly name the learned and accomplished Super
intendent of the United States Coast Survey ALEX
ANDER DALLAS BACHE the greatrgrandson of Franklin

262

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

under whose devoted and admirable direction the

mysteries of the Gulf Stream have been freshly and
profoundly analyzed, and so many of the intricate bays
and harbors of our gigantic coast have been accurately
and exquisitely mapped out for the guidance of our
pilots, and for the convenience and safety of our mer
cantile and naval marine. Nor should it be forgotton,
on this occasion, that within a year or two past, a
beautiful shaft of polished granite, with a brief but
most appropriate and comprehensive inscription, has
found a conspicuous place at Mount Auburn, erected,
as a tribute of regard and reverence for Franklin's
memory, by a self-made man of kindred spirit, still
living in our vicinity, the venerable Thomas Dowse,
whose magnificent library is destined to enrich the
historic hall at our side.
But something more was demanded by the unani
mous sentiment of his birth-place. Something more
was called for by the general voice of his country.
Something more was due to the claims of historic jus
tice. The deliberate opinion of the world has now
been formed upon him. Personal partialities and per
sonal prejudices, which so often make or mar a recent
reputation or a living fame, have long ago passed
away, with all who cherished them. The great posthu
mous tribunal of two whole generations of men, less
fallible than that to which antiquity appealed, has
sat in solemn judgment upon his character and career.

INAUGURAL ORATION.

263

The calm, dispassionate Muse of history, not over

looking errors which he himself was ever earliest in
regretting, nor ascribing to him any fabulous exemption
from frailties and infirmities which he was never back
ward in acknowledging, has pronounced her une
quivocal and irrevocable award; not only assigning
him no second place among the greatest and worthiest
who have adorned the annals of New England, but
enrolling him forever among the illustrious benefactors
of mankind. And we are here this day, to accept,
confirm and ratify that award, for ourselves and our
posterity, by a substantial and enduring token, which
shall no longer be withheld from your view. Let it be
unveiled ! Let the stars and stripes no longer conceal
the form of one who was always faithful to his coun
try's flag, and who did so much to promote the glorious
cause in which it was first unfurled!
\_The drapery was here removed, and the statue displayed
to view amid the sJiouts of Hie surrounding multitude. When
the applause had sufficiently subsided, Mr. Winthrop continued
as follows : ]
And now behold him, by the magic power of native
genius, once more restored to our sight ! Behold him
in the enjoyment of his cherished wish, " revisiting
his native town and the grounds he used to frequent
when a boy"! Behold him, reappearing on the old

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

school-house Green, which was the play-place of his

early days, henceforth to fulfill, in some degree, to
the eye of every passer-by, the charming vision of the
Faery Queen
"A spacious court they see,
Both plain and pleasant to be walked in,
Where them does meet a FRANKLIN fair and free."

Behold him, with the fur collar and linings which were
the habitual badge of the master printers of the olden
times, and which many an ancient portrait exhibits as
the chosen decorations of not a few of the old philoso
phers, too, Galileo, Copernicus and Kepler, who
held, like him, familiar commerce with the skies!
Behold him, with the scalloped pockets and looped
buttons and long Quaker-like vest and breeches, in
which he stood arraigned and reviled before the council
of one monarch, and in which he proudly signed the
treaty of alliance with another ! Behold him, with the
" fine crab-tree walking-stick " which he bequeathed to
* his friend and the friend of mankind, General Wash
ington," saying so justly, that * if it were a sceptre,
he has merited it, and would become it"!
Behold the man, to whom Washington himself wrote,
for the consolation of his declining strength, a con
solation more precious than all the compliments and
distinctions which were ever showered upon him by
philosophers or princes, "If to be venerated for
benevolence, if to be admired for talents, if to be

INAUGURAL ORATION.

265

esteemed for patriotism, if to be beloved for philan

thropy, can gratify the human mind, you must have
the pleasing consolation to know that you have not
lived in vain. And I flatter myself that it will not be
ranked among the least grateful occurrences of your
life to be assured, that so long as I retain my
memory, you will be recollected with respect, ven
eration and affection by your sincere friend, GEORGE
WASHINGTON ! "
Other honors may grow cheap, other laurels may
fade and wither, other eulogiums may be forgotten, the
solid bronze before us may moulder and crumble, but
the man of whom it may be said that he enjoyed the
sincere friendship, and secured the respect, veneration
and affection of Washington, has won a title to the
world's remembrance which the lapse of ages will only
strengthen and brighten.
Behold him, " the sage of antiquity coming back to
give austere lessons and generous examples to the
moderns," the wise old man of his own apologue of
1757, discoursing to the multitude of frugality and
industry, of temperance and toleration ! Behold Poor
Richard, pointing the way to wealth and dealing out
his proverbs of wit and wisdom, that wisdom which
" crieth at the gates " and " standeth by the way in the
places of the paths," that wisdom " which dwells with
prudence, and finds out knowledge of witty inven
tions ! " Behold him, with that calm, mild, benevolent

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

countenance, never clouded by anger or wrinkled by

ill humor, but which beamed ever, as at this instant,
with a love for his fellow-beings and "a perpetual
desire to be a doer of good" to them all.
Behold him, children of the schools, boys and girls
of Boston, bending to bestow the reward of merit upon
each one of you that shall strive to improve the inesti
mable advantages of our noble free schools ! Behold
him, mechanics and mechanics' apprentices, holding out
to you an example of diligence, economy and virtue,
and personifying the triumphant success which may
await those who follow it ! Behold him, ye that are
humblest and poorest in present condition or in future
prospect, lift up your heads and look at the image
of a man who rose from nothing, who owed nothing to
parentage or patronage, who enjoyed no advantages
of early education which are not open, a hundred
fold open, to yourselves, who performed the most
menial offices in the business in which his early life was
employed, but who lived to stand before kings, and
died to leave a name which the world will never forget.
Lift up your heads and your hearts with them, and
learn a lesson of confidence and courage which shall
never again suffer you to despair, not merely of
securing the means of an honest and honorable support
for yourselves, but even of doing something worthy of
being done for your country and for mankind ! Behold
him, ye that are highest and most honorable in the

INAUGURAL ORATION.

267

world's regard, judges and senators, governors and

presidents, and emulate each other in copying some
thing of the firmness and fidelity, something of the
patient endurance and persevering zeal and comprehen
sive patriotism and imperturbable kind feeling and
good nature, of one who was never dizzied by eleva
tion, or debauched by flattery, or soured by disappoint
ment, or daunted by opposition, or corrupted by
ambition, and who knew how to stand humbly and
happily alike on the lowest round of obscurity, and on
the loftiest pinnacle of fame !
Behold him, and listen to him, one and all, citizens,
freemen, patriots, friends of liberty and of law, lovers
of the constitution and the Union, as he recalls the
services which he gladly performed, and the sacrifices
which he generously made, in company with his great
associates, in procuring for you those glorious institu
tions which you are now so richly enjoying ! Listen to
him, especially, as he repeats through my humble lips,
and from the very autograph original which his own
aged hand had prepared for the occasion, listen to
him as he pronounces those words of conciliation and
true wisdom, to which he first gave utterance sixtynine years ago this very day, in the convention which
was just finishing its labors in framing the Constitution
of the United States:
"Mr. President, I confess that I do not entirely
approve this constitution, but, Sir, I am not sure that

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

I shall never approve it. I have experienced many

instances of being obliged, by better information or
fuller consideration, to change opinions even on impor
tant subjects, which I once thought right, but found to
be otherwise. ... In these sentiments, Sir, I agree to
this constitution with all its faults, if they are such. . . .
I doubt, too, whether any other convention we can
obtain, may be able to make a better constitution. . . .
The opinions I have had of its errors I sacrifice to the
public good. I have never whispered a syllable of
them abroad. Within these walls they were born, and
here they shall die. . . . On the whole, Sir, I cannot
help expressing a wish that every member of this con
vention, who may still have objections to it, would with
me on this occasion doubt a little of his own infalli
bility, and to make manifest our unanimity, put his
name to this instrument."
Upon this speech, followed by a distinct motion to
that effect, Hamilton and Madison, and Rufus King and
Roger Sherman, and the Morrises of Pennsylvania, and
the Pinckneys of South Carolina, and the rest of that
august assembly, with Washington at their head, on
the seventeenth day of September, 1787, subscribed
their names to the constitution under which we live.
And Mr. Madison tells us, that whilst the last members
were signing it, Dr. Franklin, looking towards the presi
dent's chair, at the back of which an image of the sun
happened to be painted, observed to a few members

INAUGURAL ORATION.

269

near him, that painters had found it difficult to distin

guish in their art a rising from a setting sun. " I have
(said he) often and often in the course of the session,
and of the vicissitudes of my hopes and fears as to its
issue, looked at that behind the president without being
able to tell whether it was rising or setting. But now
at length I have the happiness to know that it is a
rising and not a setting sun."
Yes, venerated sage, privileged to live on
"Till old experience did attain
To something like prophetic strain,"

yes, that was, indeed, a rising sun, " coming forth as a

bridegroom out of his chamber, and rejoicing as a
giant to run his course." And a glorious course he has
run, enlightening and illuminating, not our own land
only, but every land on the wide surface of the earth,
"and there is nothing hid from the heat thereof."
God, in his infinite mercy, grant that by no failure of
his blessing or of our prayers, of his grace or of our
gratitude, of his protection or of our patriotism, that
sun may be seen, while it has yet hardly entered on its
meridian pathway, shooting madly from its sphere and
hastening to go down in blackness or in blood, leaving
the world in darkness and freedom in despair! And
may the visible presence of the GREAT BOSTONIAN,
restored once more to our sight, by something more
than a fortunate coincidence, in this hour of our coun

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

try's peril, serve not merely to ornament our streets, or

to commemorate his services, or even to signalize our
own gratitude, but to impress afresh, day by day,
and hour by hour, upon the hearts of every man and
woman and child who shall gaze upon it, a deeper sense
of the value of that Liberty, that Independence, that
Union and that Constitution, for all of which he was so
early, so constant, and so successful a laborer!
Fellow-citizens, the statue which has now received
your reiterated acclamations, owes its origin to the
mechanics of Boston, and especially to the Massachu
setts Charitable Mechanic Association. Or, if any for
tunate word of another may be remembered as having
suggested it, that word was uttered in their service, and
by one who is proud to be counted among the honorary
members of their fraternity. The merchants and busi
ness men of our city, members of the learned pro
fessions, and great numbers of all classes of the
community, came nobly to their aid, and in various
sums, large and small, contributed to the cost of the
work. Honor and thanks to them all!
But honor and thanks this day, especially, to the
gifted native artist, Richard S. Grcenough, who
has so admirably conceived the character, and so ex
quisitely wrought out the design, committed to him!
Honor, too, to Mr. Ames, and the skillful mechanics
of the foundry at Chicopee, by whom it has been so

INAUGURAL ORATION.

271

successfully and brilliantly cast ! Nor let the Sanborns

and Carews be forgotten, by whom the massive granite
has been hewn, and the native verd antique so beauti
fully shaped and polished.
It only remains for me, fellow-citizens, as chairman
of the sub-committee under whose immediate direction
the statue has been designed and executed, a service
in the discharge of which I acknowledge an especial
obligation to the President, Vice-President, Treasurer
and Secretary of the Mechanic Association, and to Mr.
John H. Thorndike and Mr. John Cowdin among its
active members ; to those eminent mechanics, invent
ors and designers, Blanchard, Tufts, Smith and Hooper ;
to Dr. Jacob Bigelow, President of the American
Academy of Arts and Sciences ; to Mr. Prescott, the
historian; to Mr. Henry Greenough, the architect, to
whom we are indebted for the design of the pedestal ;
to Mr. Thomas G. Appleton and Mr. Epes Sargent,
cherished friends of art and of artists, one of them
absent to-day, but not forgotten; to Edward Everett
and Jared Sparks, whose names are so honorably and
indissolubly associated with the noblest illustration of
both Franklin and Washington ; to David Sears, among
the living, and to Abbott Lawrence, among the la
mented dead, whose liberal and enlightened patronage
of every good work will be always fresh in the remem
brance of every true Bostonian ; - it only remains for
me, as the organ of a committee thus composed and

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

thus aided, to deliver up the finished work to my excel

lent friend, Mr. Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., who, as Chair
man of the General Committee, after the ode of
welcome, written by our Boston printer-poet, James T.
Fields, shall have been sung by the children of the
schools, will designate the disposition of the statue
which has been finally agreed upon in behalf of the
subscribers.
Sir, to you, as President of the Massachusetts Char
itable Mechanic Association, and as Chairman, ex-officio,
of the Committee of Fifty appointed under their aus
pices, yourself, I am glad at this hour to remember,
a direct and worthy descendant of that patriot me
chanic of the revolution, PAUL REVERE I now present
the work which your association intrusted to our
charge, hoping that it may not be counted unworthy
to commemorate the great forerunner and exemplar
of those intelligent and patriotic Boston mechanics,
who have been for so many years among the proudest
ornaments and best defenders of our beloved city, and
to whom we so confidently look, not merely to promote
and build up its material interests, but to sustain and
advance its moral, religious, charitable and civil insti
tutions, in all time to come !

INAUGUKAL SERVICES.

273

When Hon. Mr. Winthrop, the orator, had concluded

speaking and taken his seat, the air resounded with the
plaudits of the highly gratified audience; and it was
some considerable time before quietness was sufficiently
restored for a continuation of the exercises. The ora
tion, delivered without notes, occupied an hour and a
half, and was listened to with marked attention by the
large concourse of persons who had assembled to par
ticipate in the ceremonies of the occasion. Many times,
as the speaker brought forward his different points, he
was interrupted by well deserved applause, and when
he came to the portion of his address where he gave
the signal for unveiling the statue, and when the bronze
personification of the immortal Franklin was displayed
to the anxious gaze of the witnesses, a thrill of admira
tion was perceptible throughout the whole assembly,
and cheers upon cheers were given, and the shouts of
approbation and joy were of the most hearty and
vociferous character.
When the applause had subsided, and all was still
again, the exercises were resumed by a select choir of
pupils of the public schools, who, under the direction
of Mr. Charles Butler, sung the following ode, written
for the occasion by James T. Fields, Esq., adapted to
music by Mr. Nathaniel Richardson, and accompanied
by a grand piano-forte, from the celebrated establish
ment of the Messrs. Chickering.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

ODE.
Give welcome to his sculptured form 1
Art's splendid triumph here is won;
Thus let him stand, in light and storm,
Our sea-girt city's greatest son.
His lineage sprang from honest Toil,
Swart Lalwr trained hiR youthful hand ;
High with the brave who freed our soil,
Where first ho breathed let FRANKLIN stand.
His genius stamped the press with power ;
His glance the glowing future saw;
His science curbed the u'ery shower;
His wisdom stood with peace and law.
The world his story long has shrined,
To fame his spotless deeds belong
His homely truth, his ample mind,
His Saxon hate of human wrong.
Boom for the gray-haired patriot-sage !
For here his genial life began ;
Thus let him look from age to age,
And prompt new thought ennobling man.

The statue having been thus formally delivered

up by Hon. Mr. Winthrop, Chairman of the Commit
tee on Design, FREDERIC W. LINCOLN, Jr., Esq., the
Chairman of the General Committee, and President of
the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association,
made the following address in presenting it to the
city authorities.

PRESENTATION ADDRESS.

FELLOW-CITIZENS, The official position which it is my

fortune to sustain to the committee who have had
charge of the erection of a statue to Franklin, as well
as also to that Association under whose auspices the
earliest measures were taken in its behalf, seems to
render it consonant with the proprieties of the occa
sion that I should make a brief statement of the history
of the work, before proceeding in behalf of the commit
tee, to the more formal presentation of the statue to
the city authorities.
The interesting address to which we have just lis
tened is a fitting close to the impressive words which
stimulated our hearts to commence the work, and it
cannot but be regarded as a happy coincidence that
the same eloquent voice which was its first advocate in
a public assembly, should also be the one to give an
expression to the congratulations of the hour on this,
its final completion.
As the shaft on Bunker's Height was consecrated,
at the laying of its corner stone and of its cap stone, by

I
276

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

the same mind that of the illustrious Webster so

are we indebted, in like manner, to a single source
both for the commencement and conclusion of this
enterprise.
It is not my province, nor is it my taste, to give
compliments, but the truth should stand upon the
record, and I can conceive of no impropriety even in
this presence, in saying that if we are indebted to one
individual more than to another for the work which is
now before us, it is to that distinguished native of
Boston, Robert C. Winthrop.
On the evening of November twenty-ninth, 1853, in
a lecture introductory to a course " on the application
of science to art," before the Massachusetts Charitable
Mechanic Association, after drawing a parallel between
the lives and achievements of Archimedes and Frank
lin, this gentleman urged with much pertinency and
force the propriety of erecting a statue of Franklin,
the great Bostonian, in the city of his birth. At a
meeting of the government of the Association, held at
the residence of the late president, Jonas Chickering,
on the evening before his lamented decease, a com
mittee was appointed to take the subject into con
sideration.
The committee, in their report, felt that it was
unnecessary to enter into any elaborate argument in
its favor ; the interest which had already been awakened
in the subject by the introductory lecture, together

PRESENTATION ADDRESS.

277

with the hearty response which had been made to the

suggestion by the press, and from other quarters, led
them to the belief that the community was fully ripe
for the project. It was thought that the Association,
from its peculiar character as an organization of me
chanics, was the most appropriate body to commence
the enterprise, and that, if they should take the initia
tive steps, all classes would join in carrying it into
execution. A sentiment of respect for their own char
acter and reputation, no less than a regard to the
memory of Franklin, prompted them to enter with
alacrity into the work.
Benjamin Franklin was the most distinguished of
Boston's native sons. The influence of his charac
ter as a patriot and sage will probably be as extensive
through all generations as that of any other uninspired
man ; and when it was recollected that he always re
garded with pride the place of his birth, and that no
one has more honored the profession of a mechanic of
which the association was the representative, they
could not hesitate in regard to their duty in the mat
ter. It was an enterprise, however, in their judgment,
that should not be monopolized by any one society.
Every Bostonian should be invited to unite in it. The
project was one which appealed particularly to those
who in the morning of their life were quickened to
intellectual activity, as a medal had been placed on
exhibition day over their throbbing breasts, provided

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

by his generosity ; and it appealed, also, to that class

of practical printers who revered him as the most
honored son of their craft.
It was suggested that the time for the commence
ment of the enterprise was auspicious ; there seemed
to have been awakened recently an unusual interest ia
Franklin ; statuettes, paintings and engravings of him
seemed to be multiplying at home and abroad, while the
progress of American art had been such that a statue
could be cast in bronze within the limits of our own
Commonwealth equal to any executed in the foundries
of the old world. It was fitting that to American
hands should be committed the task. Its completion
would promote patriotic feeling and incite gratitude for
exalted worth. The Association, from its earliest his
tory, had taken an interest in everything of a public
nature that needed or deserved encouragement. Their
efforts in the completion of the Bunker Hill monument
are well known and universally acknowledged. Nor is
this the first time that they have united in a tribute to
the memory of Franklin ; for, thirty years since, when
the monument placed by him over the graves of his
parents in the Granary burial ground, had become
dilapidated by time, and the citizens of Boston pro
posed to erect another more imposing in its place, the
corner stone was laid by the President of the Associa
tion, the Hon. Charles Wells, in the presence of the
governor and the principal officers of the national, state

PRESENTATION ADDRESS.

279

and city governments, after an address by the late

General Henry A. S. Dearborn.
The committee proposed that the Association should
only commence the enterprise, leaving it to a special
organization formed for the purpose to carry it into
execution. They accordingly recommended that a
committee should be appointed, consisting of an equal
number from their own ranks and from the citizens at
large, who, together with the Mayor of the city, the
President of the Common Council, and the presidents
of several other associations, should take the matter
in hand, solicit donations and make all other neces
sary arrangements. All these recommendations were
adopted by the Association, and after appointing a
committee to raise funds from among their own mem
bers, the further prosecution of the work was entrusted
to the new organization.
This body assembled on the seventeenth of Janu
ary, 1854, the one hundred and forty-eighth anni
versary of Franklin's birth-day. A Sub-committee on
Design and Execution was appointed, consisting of
Robert C. Winthrop, Jacob Bigelo.w, Jared Sparks, Ed
ward Everett, William H. Prescott, Thomas G. Appleton, George G. Smith, Henry N. Hooper, Thomas
Blanchard, Epes Sargent, William C. Bond, Joseph M.
Wightman, and Otis Tufts.
The Committee on Finance consisted of Abbott
Lawrence, David Sears, George R Russell, Nathaniel

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

B. Shurtlcfl) J. Ingersoll Bowditch, Thomas P. Gushing,

Richard Frothingham, Jr., Stephen Fairbanks, Theophilus R Marvin, Osmyn Brewster, Daniel N. Haskell,
John II. Thorndike, nnd Charles G. King. The Presi
dent, Treasurer and Secretary of the Association were
invited to act as chairman, treasurer, and secretary of
the committee.
The organization thus being completed, the most
prompt measures were taken to carry the work for
ward. The successful result of the separate and joint
labors of the two committees is seen in the statue
before us. The Committee ou Design have already
reported through their chairman, and it will be use
less to add anything to their report, except the ex
pression which has already been made by this vast
audience of unqualified approbation of their share in
*
the work committed to them. The Finance Commit
tee immediately commenced the solicitation of con
tributions from our principal associated bodies, from
the medal scholars and the public. The appeal met
with a liberal response from all classes of our citizens,
so that before a contract was made, an amount suffi
cient was raised to defray the cost of the statue and
the pedestal Arrangements have been made for
the composition of the bas reliefs, and artists have
been engaged to design them, but the suggestion
having been made that some of our leading organiza
tions would like an opportunity of testifying in their

PRESENTATION ADDRESS.

281

associated capacity, their interest in this memorial, this

portion of the work has been postponed to await their
action.
The Mechanic Association having signified their de
sire to fill one panel, the model is already finished and
nearly ready to be put in the hands of the founder.
They have appropriately selected for representation
that portion of Franklin's career in his native city
when he was engaged at his trade as a printer. No
doubt other societies will follow their example, and fill
the remaining panels with subjects illustrating other
characteristic scenes in his eventful life. The four
phases of his life, in each of which the eloquent orator
of the day has so happily illustrated his merits, should
have a suitable memorial on the four sides of the
pedestal upon which his statue rests. Franklin, the
mechanic, the philosopher, the patriot, the ambassador,
have each a special story to tell to complete this
monument, which we would consecrate to his exalted
worth.
The labors of the committee have been of a most
gratifying character, cheered and encouraged as they
have been by the whole community. The only melan
choly thought that has intruded upon the congratula
tions of this occasion, is from the fact that some of our
warmest and most devoted colleagues at the commence
ment are not present with us to witness its conclusion.
Mr. Thomas P. Gushing and Mr. Kimball Gibson died

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soon after the committee was organized. Our late

lamented fellow-citizen, Mr. Abbott Lawrence, entered
with his usual alacrity and characteristic zeal into the
work, and, as chairman of the finance committee, did
much to ensure the success of the undertaking. He
looked forward to this hour with much interest, and
guaranteed that no pecuniary aid should be wanting
to make it worthy of the character of Boston, or a
fitting memorial of its distinguished son.
Franklin was a man of the people. In the historical
annals of the past no one has more nobly illustrated
the virtues of the humblest position, or has filled more
creditably the highest stations of honor. Whether we
see him in the performance of the drudgery of a
printer's apprentice in Boston, or as receiving the adu
lation of the titled in the brilliant saloons at Versailles,
he still preserves the beautiful simplicity of his char
acter. His example has inspired the hearts of the
great mass of the people, and has stirred a spirit of
emulation which has formed the characters of thou
sands who have in their turn, in their day and gener
ation, elevated the race to which they belong.
Art looks to wealth in a great measure for the
reward of its genius, and one of the responsibilities of
the rich is to foster and encourage it for the public
welfare : but the crowning significance of the great
work of art which we this day inaugurate, is that it

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283

came from all classes of the people. No large donation

aided in its erection, but its cost is defrayed from the
voluntary contributions of thousands.
It -would be idle for me to add anything to the
elaborate analysis that has already been presented of
Franklin's life and career. In the degree that his char
acter and services are examined, the more exalted will
be our appreciation of him. I must confess that until
recently I had comparatively but a feeble estimate of
his true merits. I had considered him, to be sure, as
an illustrious example of one who sprung from the
humblest walks, yet became a companion of kings,
wielding by his influence the destinies of nations.
His services in preparing the minds of our fathers
for the important steps that led to the revolutionary
era, his active participation in its stirring events, and,
when the cause was almost lost, his mission to Europe
to secure the cooperation of the French court have
never been fully valued. It was his personal influence
and popularity that secured France as our ally in that
desperate condition of our affairs. His practical states
manship moulded our most cherished political institu
tions. His discoveries in science would have made him
distinguished even if they had been his only field of
effort. His numerous plans for the systematic organ
ization of charity have hallowed his name as one of
the first of philanthropists; his life-long devotion to the
profession of his boyhood has added a dignity to the

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mechanic arts, while his sententious maxims and homely

proverbs have become household words wherever the
English language is spoken. It is only in this last par
ticular that his merits have been questioned, for it has
been said that his system of morals tends to parsimony,
and that the frugality he inculcated was but another
name for the hoarding of wealth ; but such is not the
fact, economy with him was united to a judicious liber
ality. If he said " A penny saved is a penny earned,"
he also said that " We must save that we may share."
Herder, the celebrated German writer, predicted
" that the eighteenth century would be known in his
tory as the age of Washington and Franklin." Both
of them commenced and finished their career during
that century, both were united in the same grand
events which distinguished that age, and both have
come down to us, and will go down to succeeding gen
erations, renowned as historical characters, and sharing
almost in an equal degree the aifections of the people.
Art has already symbolized the presence of the one,
and his statue in marble stands enthroned within the
walls of the capitol ; to-day the other appears in bronze
in our thronged streets and in our marts of business,
significant of that practical character which was his
highest merit.
One of our own most gifted divines has recently
said " that we are educated by our admirations ; by our
admiration of persons ; individuals and nations are edu

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285

cated by the great men they propose to themselves for

models." If this is the truth, and who will deny it,
what should our people become with such examplars
before them. Let us cherish their memories and emu
late their virtues, thereby elevating our own standard
of character.
Mr. Mayor, in the name and by the authority of
those who have contributed to its erection, I give up
this statue to you, as the chief magistrate of this
city. It is to the people of this metropolis that it
belongs, and to their chosen rulers we consign its cus
tody. It will exist long after the present inhabitants
have mingled with their kindred dust, and is a legacy
of the present generation to those who shall succeed
them. It is well in these eventful days that the fathers
of the republic should again make their appearance in
some tangible form. They will remind us of their sac
rifices in our behalf, and stimulate us to cling more
closely to the rich blessings they have bequeathed to
us. Let this statue be consecrated on this spot which
has been dedicated to our municipal legislation, remind
ing our public servants of the integrity which should
guide their acts, and of that immaculate virtue which
is the only safety in conducting public affairs. Let a
portion of the same zeal and interest which has distin
guished the present government in their arrangements
for the reception of the statue be employed by their

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

successors in its safe keeping and preservation; then

will the wishes of the donors be realized, and Franklin's
name and Franklin's fame will be secure as long as
the place of his birth has a name in history.

Mr. Lincoln, who had been very cordially greeted when

he rose, also received the prolonged acclamations of
the immense crowd, when he ceased speaking. He
wore upon his dress the badges of several associations
with which he was connected, conspicuous among which
was that of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic As
sociation, of which he was the presiding officer, and
also of the Committee of Fifty of which he was chair
man. The address was listened to with profound atten
tion, the audience occasionally expressing their pleas
ure and approbation of the performance, and also
their approval of the acts of the committee, in a man
ner decidedly complimentary.
His Honor, ALEXANDER H. RICE, Mayor of the City,
then arose, and having been duly announced, and
received in a most flattering manner, delivered the
following address, accepting, in behalf of the City
of Boston, the future custody and charge of the
statue.

ADDRESS OF RECEPTION.

MR. PRESIDENT AND FELLOW-CITIZENS, The duty which

devolves upon me, in pursuance of the ceremonies of
this august occasion, is simple, brief and responsive.
The eloquent tribute which has just been paid to the
genius and character of him whom we delight to desig
nate as the GREAT BOSTONIAN, and to which you, Sir,
have alluded in terms of just and ungarnished compli
ment, has prepared us for a more adequate apprecia
tion of the theme and of the appropriateness of this
splendid memorial.
To have originated a project so meritorious in its
character, one which has met the unqualified and uni
versal approval of a great community, is a distinction
which well comports with a reputation for liberal
endowments, elegant culture, and honorable deeds in
the public service. That noble institution which you
so ably represent, and which is identified with much
that is patriotic and commemorative in our community,
has added, by this distinguished and appropriate offer
ing, a new bond of interest in its objects and character,

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and is justly entitled to the thanks of every citizen of

Boston. The institution, moreover, was fortunate in
adding to the practical wisdom and skill which are con
centrated in its own organization, the counsel and coop
eration of those who are cheerfully acknowledged
among us as standards of authority in matters per
taining to artistic genius and taste; while the list of
more than two thousand subscribers to the cost of the
statue, indicates the magnanimity which allowed the
general public to participate in the lasting honor of
aiding so noble an enterprise.
There is a charming interest in the associations of
the day and of the occasion. It is our municipal birth
day ; and the gift which is now before us may seem to
partake somewhat of the delicate and peculiar nature
of those offerings which pass between persons sustain
ing tender and intimate relations to each other, on the
recurrence of like interesting anniversaries. What
worthier birth-day offering to this noble city than the
statue of her greatest native son? Nor is this the
only association worthy of remembrance. This day
marks the anniversary of another event scarcely to be
regarded as secondary to any in our municipal history,
the laying of the corner stone of the building for
our public library, that noble institution which forms
the culmination of our system of free instruction,
on which occasion the same eloquent voice which has
to-day been enlisted in the service of art, made a like

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289

acceptable performance in the service of letters. But

it is also delightful to every liberal mind to be able to
look beyond our own confines for concurring incidents,
and to find them linking to the present occasion asso
ciations of a national character. It certainly must be a
fitting pleasure to us all, to remember that the com
mencement of our municipal existence, the foundation
of our public library building, and the erection of our
first great statue, all took place on the same day of the
same month on which our federal constitution was
adopted. The annals of our city are enriched by the
record of the birth of the illustrious Franklin; the
annals of our country, by the record of his public ser
vices ; and the annals of mankind, by the record of his
wisdom and philanthropy.
That his personal connection with our city ceased at
so early a period, must be regarded as a calamity to
our local history ; but he has himself left a perennial
token of attachment to his early home, and of grati
tude for its care and patronage of his dawning genius.
He says in his will : * I was born in Boston, in New
England, and owe my first instructions in literature to
the free grammar schools established there; I there
fore give one hundred pounds sterling to my executors,
to be by them, the survivors or survivor of them, paid
over to the managers or directors of the free schools in
my native town of Boston, to be by them or those per
son or persons who shall have the superintendence and

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management of said schools, put out at interest forever,

which interest annually shall be laid out in silver
medals, and given as honorary rewards annually by the
directors of said free schools for the encouragement of
scholarship in the said schools belonging to said town,
in such manner as to the selectmen of said town shall
seem meet."
It was in pursuance of the conditions of this dona
tion that the practice of awarding medals to meritorious
scholars in our public schools commenced, as early as
the year 1792. This practice has been continued with
out interruption to the present time, and the medals
which have been derived from the interest of the " one
hundred pounds sterling," have ever been designated as
the FRANKLIN MEDALS. Among the recipients of these
tokens have been many who obtained honorable dis
tinction in after life, and thus fulfilled the promise
which attended the success of their first intellectual
efforts ; and how many others have been led to posi
tions of usefulness and honor, who might have fallen
far below their actual attainments, without the stimulus
which these little mementoes have afforded, can be
estimated best by those who appreciate that common
attribute of our nature, which, especially in the young,
requires something more than the consciousness of
accomplished duty as an incentive to protracted exer
tion. How full of deep suggestion and touching pathos
is the spectacle which has been exhibited to-day, of

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291

the recipients of these honorable tokens, marching in

lengthened column, section after section, year by year,
in consecutive generations covering more than the ordi
nary life of man, each one adorned with the trophy of
his youthful toil, and bearing before the image of his
benefactor a life-long tribute of veneration and grati
tude. The Franklin medals, the spot where he was
born, the scenes of his early service and apprenticeship,
and the graves of his father and mother, are all the
palpable memorials which we have hitherto possessed,
to remind us of the intimate relations which he once
sustained to those who have preceded us, in this city
of our homes. Beyond these, we divide the local
honors of his fame with those who shared the compan
ionship of his later years, and with their successors.
The life of a great man is a treasure to a nation ;
it leaves its impress in characteristic deeds and senti
ments upon the generations following him. For it is
the destiny assigned by Providence that the vast multi
tude of men shall stand upon the great plains of
society, where the undulations of distinction are so
slight as to present them to remote, and even to nearer
observers, as ranging at a common level. It is only at
long intervals, and as if by a miracle of Nature, that
the human powers appear in their diviner forms, and
lift their capacities to those elevations from which they
gaze steadily upon the great field of truth stretching
onward and backward beneath the whole firmament of

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

time, and making its boundaries only on the eternal

shores. When left to the unbridled sway of human
passion, these powers become the resistless enginery
which works revolution, destruction and dismay ; but,
fraught with loftier aims, theirs is the Archimedean
power which lifts and sways the world. The high ven
eration which accompanies the name of Franklin, is
due, not to the brilliant achievements which have in
all ages constituted the basis of political or military
renown, but to those higher philosophic powers, which
foster genius, develop art, illuminate science, ennoble
society, and transfuse the spirit of progress through
the race. He brought no distinction with his birth.
Fame wreathed no garland for his infant brow ; Wealth
strewed no golden luxuries in his early pathway ; but
while he pursued the course of his earthly pilgrimage,
solving the problems of common life by the mysterious
alchemy of unfolding truth, he entered, as if uncon
sciously, a sublimer sphere wherein there rose about
him a transcending glory, which shall linger forever in
tints softer than the phosphorescence of the sea, but
pure and changeless as the stars. To perpetuate the
memory of such a man is to preserve the influence of
his virtues and prolong the acts of his life ; it is to
stimulate the ambition of the young by the potency
of living example, and to raise the standard of those
who aspire to distinction through deeds of beneficence
to their race.

ADDRESS OF RECEPTION.

293

In the catalogue of means employed by the wisest

and purest nations of the earth, monumental repre
sentations are known to have been among the most
ancient and influential in nourishing and perpetuating
the characteristics of men and of events ; and as it is
the good fortune of our city to enjoy this opportu
nity so favorable to the imitation of their example,
so auspicious to virtue, to science, to the common
arts, to statemanship, to pure humanity, this statue
the first of its kind ever erected within her bor
ders unrivalled in the perfection of its execution
and in the faithful presentment of the illustrious
dead, worthily receives this brilliant and unequalled
pageant.
In the name and in behalf of the government and
people of Boston, Mr. President, I receive at your
hands the care and custody of this statue of Benjamin
Franklin, to stand forever in front of the City Hall,
with sufficient safeguards to protect it from decay
and common casualties. No words of thanks are nec
essary; none are adequate. This mighty concourse
of people, embracing civil and judicial functionaries,
princely merchants, intelligent and hardy mechanics,
citizen soldiery, and the gallant protectors of life and
property from flames ; the schools and their graduates,
members of scientific, literary, charitable, fraternal,
mercantile and mechanical associations ; people of
every rank, of every age I might almost truthfully

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

say, of every nation have converted a day of com

mon toil into a great festival of genius and art, and
borne hither their tribute to the great man's memory,
and to you their abounding thanks. Here shall the
statue stand, the immediate object of municipal pro
tection ; the sun shall illuminate it by day ; the pensive
stars shall keep its vigils by night. Innocent childhood
shall henceforth surround it with prattling inquiries ;
generous youth shall kindle before it with enthusiasm,
with resolution, with hope ; and virtuous age shall bid
it close the vista of life, bringing consolation for the
past in the hope of remembrance in posterity. It
shall be a silent mentor to those who keep the public
weal, a stimulus to duty, a solace to wearisome care, a
shame to unfaithfulness. In times of peace it shall be
like the harbinger of prosperity, and amidst the strife
of contending sentiment, or the direful calamity of
war, like the images of the fathers rising in the midst
of the Roman populace and leading it to peace, or
stimulating it for victory, so may this image of the
ennobling sage restore the calmness of reason or pre
pare for triumph.
Thanking you, fellow-citizens, for the cordial unan
imity, energy, and liberality with which you have
undertaken your respective parts in the splendid and
imposing ceremonies of this day, and mingling my
joyous emotions with yours over the brilliant success
which has crowned your endeavors, I also invoke your

INAUGURAL SERVICES.

295

gratitude to that Power which has brought us hitherto

as a people in so great prosperity.
Refreshed by the contemplation of the character
of the great Bostonian, whom mankind have honored
as a common benefactor, may we, at every sight of
this beautiful memorial, renew our recollection of his
life and that of his immortal compeers ; so that cling
ing, ourselves, to the same nobility of purpose, and
imbued with admiration of their ineffable virtues, we
may vie with each other and with them in patriotic
devotion to our beloved city, to her honor, her happi
ness, her prosperity ; and " even as with the fathers,
so may God be with us."

When His Honor the Mayor had concluded, and the

concourse of spectators had allowed their applause to
subside, the masonic ceremonies of the inauguration
of the statue were commenced by the Grand Lodge of
Freemasons of Massachusetts, under their Grand Mas
ter, WmsLOW LEWIS, M.D., assisted by other grand offi
cers of the Grand Lodge. The masonic brethren,
being in the fourth division of the procession, did not
arrive at the scene of action until Hon. Mr. Winthrop had made considerable progress in the delivery
of his oration. The Grand Lodge, accompanied by the
De Molay Encampment of Knights Templars, who

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acted by invitation as a body guard, in honor of the

memory of the most distinguished member of the
order, having collected around the statue, the Grand
Master addressed His Honor the Mayor, as follows :

MR. MAYOR, It is a custom, and surely now a timehonored one, that corner-stones of public structures
should be laid by the fraternity of Freemasons. Our
national and state capitals, our great commemorative
monuments, were thus commenced. And for the cere
monial of this day, we have a recent precedent in
the inauguration of the statue of our late brother
Henry Clay, at New Orleans, where it was duly
observed, a ceremonial which on this occasion, is
necessarily brief and simple ; for here the structure is
complete and finished, and all that devolves on us,
is to pronounce it WELL DONE.
We have here gathered together in a two-fold rela
tion; to unite with this vast concourse of our fellowcitizens in adding our homage to the memory of an
illustrious patriot and philosopher ; and also, as a dis
tinct society, to pay our tribute to one, who through
a long and active life, was a devoted, zealous and much
attached brother of this order. In 1734, at the early
age of twenty-eight, he was Grand Master of Penn
sylvania ; and in 1787, when near the close of his
valued life, he affiliated himself as member of a lodge
in Paris, over which the great astronomer Lalande

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297

presided. But I forbear, after so much has been said,

and so well said, to enlarge on the topic, and have only
to add, that he who drew the physical spark from
heaven, also made more active and warmly cultivated,
that moral electricity which connects, man with his
brother man, and which should enchain all in one com
mon brotherhood.
For this, therefore, we gather here to-day ; and may
our grand principles of brotherly love and friendship
pervade the world.
[Having directed his officers to apply the square,
level and plumb, and they having reported that the
craftsmen had well and truly performed their work,
the Grand Master continued:]
I declare this structure true, trusty and well formed.
Long may it stand an enduring monument of the grati
tude, taste and liberality of the metropolis of New
England.

An arrangement having been made that at the com

mencement of the inaugural oration an announce
ment of the fact should be communicated by magnetic
telegraph to the mayors of various cities, and also to
many of the principal functionaries in different parts

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

of the American continent, His Honor the Mayor read

aloud to the audience the following responses, which he
had received during the progress of the exercises ; and
which were received with the greatest imaginable satis
faction and delight by the vast assemblage within the
inclosure in front of the City Hall.
Halifax, N.S. Sept. 17.
To Mayor of Boston. Could the great philosopher whose statue you
are this day inaugurating, and whoso original and comprehensive mind
suggested the idea of drawing lightning from the clouds, now behold the
wonderful and useful progress which electricity has been made to sub
serve, he would heartily rejoice that his efforts in the promotion of the
arts and sciences have been so triumphantly pursued, and that the intel
ligence of the present ago has applied to such noble and serviceable
purposes that power he discovered.
ARCHIBALD SCOTT, Mayor of Halifax.
New York, Sept. 17.
To His Honor the Mayor. Forever honored be the citizens of Boston.
The statue of Franklin now stands in remembrance of one of the greatest
men of the revolution, and who will ever live in the hearts of his coun
trymen.
ISAAO o. BARKER, Acting Mayor.

Troy, N. T., Sept. 17.

To the Mayor of Boston Greeting. Benjamin Franklin, the great
Printer and Statesman May his virtues be commemorated in the hearts
of his countrymen, while they regard with sacred reverence the natal day
of the constitution of our glorious country.
THE MAYOR OF TROT.

To Hon. A. H. luce.
Benjamin Franklin.

Dover, N.H., Sept. 17.

The City of Dover tenders her respects for
ANDREW PIERCE, Mayor.

INAUGURAL SERVICES.

299

Philadelphia, Sept. 17.

To His Honor the Mayor of Boston. R. Vaux, Mayor of Philadel
phia, sends to the Hon. A. H. Bice, Mayor of Boston, the following
sentiment :
Benjamin Franklin Philadelphia claims a share in the renown of
him whose name is identified with American liberty, learning, and
lightning.
New Haven, Conn., Sept. 17.
Mayor of Boston : I should be happy to unite with you in your
festival if in my power. Permit me to propose as a sentiment for the
occasion:
Benjamin Franklin. His fame belongs to New England ; the honor
of properly perpetuating it to Boston.
p. 3. GALPIN, Mayor.

Albany, Sept. 17.

To His Honor the Mayor of Boston : The Mayor of Albany con
gratulates the Mayor and the citizens of Boston upon the event of
establishing in their midst another lasting monument to the virtues of the
Mechanic, the Philosopher, the Patriot Franklin. As he taught them
to divert the lightning stroke, may the citizens of Boston shield his
virtues from forgetfulness, and the memory of his greatness from all
detraction.
ELI PERRT, Mayor.
Bridgeport, Conn., Sept. 17.
To His Honor the Mayor of Boston. Please ofler the following senti
ment for Bridgeport :
Benjamin Franklin The Statesman and Philosopher ; his name
assures us that throughout the world the purest liberty shall yet adorn
the highest civilization.
p. c. CALHOUN, Mayor.

Springfield, Sept. 17.

To the Mayor of Boston. Springfield greets Boston on this aus
picious occasion. May the statue endure forever, as will the memory of
the illustrious man it represents in the hearts of the American people.
i'
MAYOR OF SPRINGFIELD.

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Baltimore, Sept. 17.

Mayor of Boston. Dispatch received. Interesting occasion. In
memory of him who worked the lever by which the minds of men are
swayed and influenced more than by any other agency, namely, the press ;
and who first made known the mighty power of electricity ; by which
means the thoughts of men are transmitted with lightning speed from one
extreme of this vast republic to the other. Glorious event, worthy of
the sons of the old Bay State.
MAYOR o BALTIMORE.

Pittsfeld, Sept. 17.

To His Honor the Mayor of Boston. You do us honor overmuch.
"We are a rural town as yet, without a mayor ; but the " Old Elm " of
Pittsfield Park sends greetings to the " Old Elm" of Boston Common,
and to His Honor the Mayor of Boston, while the western borders of
Massachusetts claims her share in the glory which Franklin shed over
the old Commonwealth, and hails his illustrious birth-place and his new
statue.
THJS OLD ELM OF PITTSFIELD.

Springfield, Sept. 17.

To His Honor the Mayor of Boston. The operators of the American
Telegraph Company of Springfield offer the following sentiment :
Benjamin Franklin The Christian, Patriot, Statesman, and Philoso
pher. May we imitate his virtues emulate his patriotism and honor
his memory as long as the universal statue to his genius, the electric
telegraph, shall continue to bless mankind.

Albany, Sept. 17.

To His Honor the Mayor of Boston. May the memory of the life
of Franklin stimulate the Bostonians to emulate his character and culti
vate his virtues.
FROM inn MAYOR OP ALBANY.

Portland, Sept. 17.

To the Mayor of Boston. The City of Portland bows also to the
great apostle of science and liberty.
JAMES T. McCoBB, Mayor.

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301

Hartford, Conn., Sept. 17.

To tie Mayor of Boston. The useful arts. In Franklin's own lan
guage He that hath a trade, hath an estate. He that hath a calling,
hath an office of iionor and profit.
H. C. DEMINQ, Mayor of Hartford.

Middletown, Conn., Sept. 18.

To the Mayor of Boston. All honor to the memory of Franklin.
The statue you have inaugurated is a beautiful and deserved tribute to
his character as a philosopher, and his many virtues as a man and a
patriot ; may it long stand as a monument of the intelligence and liber
ality of the people of your noble city.
EDWIN F. JOHNSON, Mayor.

After His Honor the Mayor had read aloud these

responses, and three hearty cheers had been given for
the statue, the whole assembly, led by the school chil
dren, joined in singing the following doxology, to the
tune of " Old hundred " :
From all that dwell below the skies,
Let the Creator's praise arise;
Let the Redeemer's name be sung,
Through every land, by every tongue.
Eternal are thy mercies, Lord;
Eternal truth attends thy word ;
Thy praise shall sound from shore to shore,
Till suns shall rise and set no more.

At about twenty minutes past five o'clock in the

afternoon, the inaugural services were closed by the
Right Reverend Manton Eastburn, Bishop of the dio
cese of Massachusetts, who pronounced the following

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FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

BENEDICTION.
The peace of God, which passeth all understanding,
keep your hearts and minds in the knowledge and
love of God, and of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord:
And the blessing of God Almighty, the Father, the
Son, and the Holy Ghost, be amongst you, and remain
with you always. AMEN.

The inaugural exercises having been concluded, and

the statue having been thoroughly inspected from all
points of view, the gratified assembly retired from the
enclosure, a portion of the concourse to their quiet
homes, while eome hastened to witness the trial of skill
exhibited by the fire department on the Common, and
others reassembled in different places, to partake of the
various private entertainments which were numerously
given in honor of the occasion, or to listen to the dis
course by the Rev. Dr. Chapin, before the members of
the Mercantile Library Association and others, in the
Tremont Temple.
Before closing this account of the exercises, it is
worthy of notice that among many of the interesting
reminiscences of Franklin which were observable on
the occasion of the inauguration of the statue, the
orator exhibited to the audience a volume of the

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303

original almanacs which Franklin published in Phila

delphia, under the name of Richard Saunders, the
same which are most generally known as Poor Rich
ard's Almanacs, and which were placed in his hands,
as he ascended the platform, by John F. Eliot, Esq.
Mr. Winthrop also had with him the original draft of
Franklin's famous speech, delivered when the Consti
tution of the United States was adopted, loaned for
the purpose by Hon. Jared Sparks, the present owner
of the curious treasure, the production of which drew
from the audience peals of applause. To heighten the
interest of the day, a few venerable persons were
present who wore the identical medals which were
awarded to them when they were first distributed in
accordance with the will of Franklin.
Everything connected with the exercises was of a
very satisfactory character, and much credit is due to
Farnham Plummer, Esq., Chairman of the Committee
of Arrangements, to Col. Newell A. Thompson, the
Chief Marshal of the procession, and to J. Thomas
Stevenson, Esq., the marshal of the enclosure, for the
comfortable and orderly manner in which the whole
affair was conducted.

CLOSE OF THE FESTIVAL

CLOSE OF THE FESTIVAL.

PARADE AND DISPLAY OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT.

THE Boston Fire Department, comprising twelve engine,

three hook and ladder, and five hydrant companies,
after having assembled, on the morning of the seven
teenth of September, at eight o'clock, and having
been formed into line in the Tremont Street Mall,
for inspection by the city government, joined the
procession, as has already been described, and made a
very handsome appearance.
At about three o'clock in the afternoon the trial of
skill commenced. For this purpose, the westerly end
of the pond in the Common, and a large space west of
it, was set off by ropes and guarded by police; and plat
forms were erected for the engines. All of the promi
nent places for viewing the show were occupied by
numerous spectators, who frequently, as anything pecu
liarly striking occurred, sent forth tremendous shouts
of encouragement and applause. The engines were
admitted one at a time, and were supplied with water

308

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

from the pond. The leading hose used, and through

which water was forced, was three hundred feet in
length, one portion leading into a tank capable of
containing two thousand gallons, while another termi
nated in a pipe, from which water was ejected in a
horizontal direction, for the purpose of ascertaining
how long a stream each company could throw by
means of its engine. Each company began the trial
by throwing horizontally, through the whole length
of the hose; and subsequently filled the tank with
water through the same hose by a change of adjust
ment. In the case of each engine the horizontal dis
tance was measured, and the tune occupied in filling
the tank noted.
The first prize, a beautiful silver trumpet, valued at
two hundred and fifty dollars, the property of the city,
was to be awarded to the company who should fill the
tank in the shortest space of time, through the three
hundred feet of hose, and a pipe of one and a half inch
bore, at the same time drawing water from the pond.
The second prize was also a silver trumpet, and was
to be awarded to the engine company that should
throw the greatest distance horizontally, through two
hundred and fifty feet of hose, and through such
a pipe as should be selected by the Chief Engineer
of the Boston Fire Department.
The following persons served as judges in the trial
of the engines : Captains James Quinn, John C. Hub

CLOSE OF THE FESTIVAL.

309

bard, George S. Thorn, of Boston, and Samuel F. Train,

Chief Engineer of Roxbury.
The following table exhibits the results of this trial ;
namely, the distances which the water was horizontally
thrown, and the time of filling the tank by the several
engine companies:
DISTANCE.

1st.
2d.
3d.
4th.
5A.
6th.
7th.
8th.
9th.
10th.
llth.
12th.

Boston,
Tiger,
Eagle,
Perkins,
Extinguisher,
Maverick,
Barnicoat,
Mazeppa,
Melvill,
Dunbar,
Cataract,
Tremont,

No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.

8,
7,
3,
2,
5,
9,
11,
1,
6,
10,
4,
12,

150 feet,
170 "
175 "
153 "
180 "
148 "
145 "
153 "
140 "
155 "
163 "
135 "

TIME.

11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11

min.
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"

45 sec.
6 "
2 "
54 "
4J "
42 "
15 "
26 "
55 "
5 "
50 "
49 "

The first prize was obtained by the Eagle Engine

Company, who will retain the city trumpet for one
year, or until they are beaten in a subsequent annual
trial by some other company.
The second prize was awarded to the Extinguisher
Engine Company.
The Hydrant Companies also contended for two
prizes : The first, a silver trumpet, which was to be
awarded to the company who should, in the shortest
space of time, start from the corner of Tremont and
Boylston Streets, with their carriage, and run through

310

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL

Charles Street, to the hydrant at the corner of Bea

con and Charles Streets, attach their hose, run out
five hundred feet thereof, and discharge water through
their pipe. The second prize, a silver trumpet, was
to be awarded to the company who should perform
the above duty in the next shortest time.
For this trial, Messrs. John R Mullin and Alvin
Vinal, of Boston, E. A. Costigan, Assistant Engineer of
Charlestown, and David A. Tucker, were appointed
judges.
The result of the trial, which took place at about
five o'clock in the afternoon, was as follows :
TIME.

1st.
2d.
3d.
4th.
6th.

Washington,
Union,
Franklin,
Suffolk,
Deluge,

No.
No.
No.
No.
No.

1,
2,
3,
5,
6,

3 min.
3 "
3 "
4 "
8' "

40
40
55
00
45

sec.
"
"
"
"

The first prize was awarded to Washington Hydrant

Company, and the second to Union Hydrant Com
pany.
This portion of the day's performance was witnessed
with much interest, and in some cases with excessive
enthusiasm. It was productive of much amusement,
and gave great satisfaction to those who were able to
behold this grand display, and unexampled exhibition
of the skill, energy and perseverance of the unrivalled
fire department of Boston.

CLOSE OF THE FESTIVAL.

311

After the awards were made, the various companies

put up their apparatus, and spent the remaining part of
the evening in social and complimentary entertain
ments.
ILLUMINATIONS.

In some places the illuminations during the evening

were remarkably effective. This was especially true in
regard to the City Hall, which was prepared for this
purpose with gas pipes and innumerable jets and
burners, extending over the whole front of the build
ing. The main front was lighted with jets of fire in
the form of a square, in the top of which was placed,
in large letters, " September 17 ;" beneath this the
name of Franklin was apparent on an arch, and a star
placed at each end. In the centre of the arch were
masonic symbols, the square and compasses, and under
these " 1856." The other wings of the building were
illuminated in a similar manner, with stars and repre
sentations of oak leaves in the centre of each square.
The building presented a beautiful and brilliant appear
ance, and attracted a large number of delighted specta
tors. The same show was made several evenings ; and
with the excellent music which was provided by the
city, afforded much pleasure to a large number of indi
viduals.
Many of the houses in Dover Street were hand
somely illuminated, and with the magnificent decora

312

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

tions, which have already been described, and the

instrumental music which was most liberally provided,
reflected great credit upon the patriotic residents of
that street, who have so often made similar displays on
like occasions.
Fireworks, on a most extensive scale, were exhibited
by Messrs. Sanderson & Lanergan at the agricultural
grounds at the south part of the city; among which
was an ideal representation of the storming and de
struction of Sebastopol by the allied armies.

ENTERTAINMENTS.

Throughout the day and evening very many of the

public spirited citizens of Boston kept open houses for
the reception of friends, and for the entertainment of
those who had taken part in the various proceedings
of the day. The numerous associations and delega
tions, in general, assembled at different places, and
passed the remaining hours of the day in friendly
intercourse and rational enjoyments.
Previous to the formation of the procession, the aids
and assistant marshals met in Boylston Street, at the
house of Col. Thompson, the Chief Marshal, and there
partook of a breakfast provided by the generous host ;
after which they proceeded on horseback, in grand
array, to head quarters, and thence to their appointed
places of duty.

CLOSE OF THE FESTIVAL.

313

The Chief Marshal and his numerous aids and

assistants, together with those who had been particu
larly active throughout the day in carrying out the
arrangements of the Committee, had a repast and
social reunion at the Tremont House, where they en
joyed themselves in a becoming manner, after the
completion of their arduous and fatiguing duties.
The Knights Templars belonging to the two En
campments in Boston gave a magnificent banquet in
Horticultural Hall, to the Grand Lodge, and to the dis
tinguished members of the fraternity from various
parts of the United States who had visited them for
the purpose of 'being present at the ceremonies of
inauguration.
By invitation of Hon. George W. Crockett, a colla
tion was given at his house in Pemberton Square to
the Franklin medal scholars, at which many distin
guished citizens were present partaking of the liberality
of their host, and recurring with much pleasure to the
early associations of their youth, when they received
rewards as well as instruction from the public schools
through the enlightened liberality of Franklin.
The operatives of the Ames Manufacturing Com
pany, from Chicopee, were entertained in Chapman
Hall, and they visited the Boston Theatre in the even
ing by invitation of Mr. Thomas Barry, the lessee.
The City Government of Salem partook of a sump
tuous dinner at the Revere House, as did, at different
40

314

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

places, other municipal delegations, who visited Boston

on this occasion.
Among the military and fire companies the social
entertainments on the evening of the seventeenth of
September were very numerous, and of a highly agree
able character.
All the places of amusement were thronged in the
evening, especially the museum and theatres, which
were crowded to excess by the eight-seeing visitors
from abroad.

Thus happily terminated the greatest pageant and most

brilliant fete ever witnessed within the city of 'Boston,
nothing having transpired that was in any degree
unfavorable to the undertaking. The day was of itself
one of the most charming of the season, the weather
being as mild and delightful as could have been desired.
On the morning of the seventeenth of September, at
sunrise, the sky was extremely clear and exceedingly
fine, the barometer indicating he weight of the atmos
phere standing at 30.14 ; but during the middle of the
day it was somewhat cloudy, and at night completely
so ; yet the temperature was very agreeable through
out the whole of the day. A gentle wind from northnorth-west to south-west in the forenoon, and from
south-west to south-south-west in the afternoon and

CLOSE OF THE FESTIVAL.

315

evening added much to the comfort experienced by

every one. At sunrise the thermometer stood at 50 J
degrees, at half past two o'clock in the afternoon at
75 i degrees, and at nine o'clock in the evening at 63 i
degrees. The number of spectators was immense,
good humor everywhere prevailing; the arrangements
were most admirably and perfectly made and carried
out; the exercises and ceremonies were such as to
excite the greatest degree of interest, which was amply
gratified; the procession and decorations were in a
high degree imposing; and the final results were of
the most pleasing and satisfactory character. Perhaps
never before was there a greater combination of favor
able circumstances than were apparent throughout the
whole affair; and certainly, the event will ever be
recurred to by those who were favored with witnessing
it, with a most pleasant and agreeable retrospect.
As the day commenced with the loud pealing of
church bells, and the stunning noise of heavy artillery,
so was it brought to a close in the same holiday man
ner, according to good old New England custom.
To the Committee of Arrangements, and to the
Chief Marshal of the procession, too much praise can
not be awarded for the very felicitous conception and
execution of the plan by which the whole affair was
so triumphantly achieved.

FINAL PROCEEDINGS.

FINAL PROCEEDINGS.

PBOCEEDINGS OF THE CITY COUNCIL.

At a meeting of the Board of Aldermen, held at City

Hall, on Monday, the twenty-ninth day of September,
A.D. 1856, the following resolutions, offered by Alder
man Joseph M. Wightman, were unanimously passed,
and were subsequently concurred in by the Common
Council, and approved by His Honor the Mayor.
Resolved, That the Committee of Arrangements
express the thanks of the City Council to Hon. ROBERT
C. WINTHROP, FREDERIC W. LINCOLN, Jr., Esq., and his
Honor the Mayor, for their eloquent addresses on the
occasion of the inauguration of the statue of Benjamin
Franklin on the seventeenth instant, and request copies
of the same for publication.
Resolved, That the thanks of the City Council be
presented to JAMES T. FIELDS, Esq., for his appropriate
and highly acceptable ode ; and to the reverend gentle
men who officiated at the ceremony of the inauguration.

320

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

Resolved, That the thanks of the City Govern

ment be presented to the Chief Marshal, Col. NEWELL
A. THOMPSON, his aids and assistant marshals for the
able and efficient manner in which their duties were
performed on the seventeenth instant.
Resolved, That the thanks of the City Govern
ment be tendered to Brigadier General ANDREWS, the
officers and troops of the First Brigade, First Division,
Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, and to the Ancient
and Honorable Artillery Company for the gratifying
manner in which the escort duty was performed on
that occasion.
Resolved, That the thanks of the City Govern
ment be presented to the representatives of the Me
chanical Trades of Boston, to the Masonic Fraternity,
to the Medal Scholars, to the several Scientific,
Philanthropic, and Literary Associations, to the Fire
Department, and to Professor CHARLES BUTLER and
the pupils of the public schools, to whom the City
Government are so much indebted for their aid in
doing honor to the memory of Franklin in the city of
his birth.
Resolved, That the Committee of Arrangements,
in conjunction with the Committee on the Franklin
Statue, be requested to prepare a historical statement
of the proceedings connected with the erection of the
statue, and cause such number of copies to be printed
as they may deem expedient.

FINAL PROCEEDINGS.

321

PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS.

At a meeting of the Committee of Arrangements of

the City Council on the inauguration of the statue of
Franklin, in conjunction with a sub-committee who rep
resented the Committee of Fifty that procured the
statue, held on the third day of November, A.D. 1856,
on motion of William Parkman, Esq., it was
Voted, That Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, M.D., be in
vited to compile and prepare a complete and full
historical account of the Franklin Statue, together with
the account of the inaugural ceremonies.
Voted, That Mayor Rice, Alderman Brewster, and
Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, be a committee with full
powers to procure a suitable plate to embellish the
account of the celebration of the inauguration of the
Franklin Statue, and they be authorized to superintend
the printing of the historical account of said cere
monies.
PRESENTATION TO THE CHIEF MARSHAL.

The aids and assistant marshals, impressed with a

grateful sense of the successful manner in which the
procession in honor of Franklin was conducted on the
seventeenth of September, and as a mark of esteem
for their energetic and efficient Chief Marshal, and also
as a memento of the event, on the thirteenth day of
February, A.D. 1857, presented to Colonel Thompson

322

FRANKLIN STATUE MEMORIAL.

an elegant miniature statue of Franklin, carefully re

duced to a proper size, and skillfully executed in pure
silver.
The silver statue is about seven and a half inches
in height, and the pedestal, formed of the same mate
rial, nine and a half inches. In addition to copies of
the inscriptions which appear on the original stone
pedestal, the following is engraved on the base :
" This fac-simile of the statue of Franklin, which was
inaugurated on the 17th September, 1856, is presented
to NEWELL A. THOMPSON, Chief Marshal on that occa
sion, as a token of regard and commemoration of that
event, by his aids and assistant marshals, whose auto
graphs are borne upon the certificate which accompa
nies this testimonial."
The certificate alluded to above, most admirably
engrossed on parchment, bears the autograph signa
tures of the gentlemen who joined in the presentation,
and is mounted in a very magnificent and costly frame.
The following is an exact copy of the words without
the signatures :
" Thompson Testimonial. The aids and assistant
marshals of Col. Newell A. Thompson, Chief Marshal at
the inauguration of the statue of Franklin, at Boston,
September 17th, 1856, present him the accompanying

FINAL PROCEEDINGS.

323

fac-simile of the statue as a token of their regard, and

in remembrance of the occasion."
On the evening of the presentation, Col. Thompson
received at his house the generous donors and others
who had taken a conspicuous part in the great festival,
where they were entertained in his usual liberal, ele
gant and courteous manner.

APPENDIX.

APPENDIX.

HISTORY OF THE STATUE OF FKANKLIN.

In the autumn of 1853, a course of lectures on the appli

cation of Science to Art was arranged under the direction of
the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, and the
Honorable Robert C. Winthrop, by invitation, delivered the
introductory lecture on the evening of the twenty-ninth of
November. From this lecture, which was published, soon after
its delivery, under the title of " Archimedes and Franklin,"
the following passages are taken, and in them is found the
original suggestion of the movement, of which the completion
was witnessed on the seventeenth of September, 1856.
Mr. Winthrop commenced his lecture as follows :
A charming story which has come down to us in reference to the
great orator, philosopher and patriot of ancient Home, and which he has
not thought it unworthy to tell briefly of himself, in one of his Tusculan
Disputations, may form a not inappropriate introduction to the lecture
which I am here this evening to deliver.
While Cicero was quaestor in Sicily, the first public office which he
ever held, and the only one to which he was then eligible, being but just
thirty years old, (for the Roman laws required for one of the humblest
of the great offices of state the very same age which our American consti
tution requires for one of the highest,) he paid a visit to Syracuse,
then among the greatest cities of the world.
The magistrates of the city, of course, waited on him at once, to offer
their services in showing him the lions of the place, and requested him to

328

APPENDIX.

specify anything which he would like particularly to see. Doubtless,

they suppoMod that he would ask immediately to be conducted to some
one of their magnificent temples, that ho might behold and admire those
splendid works of art with which notwithstanding that Marcellus had
made it his glory to carry not a few of them away with him for the deco
ration of the imperial city Syracuse still abounded, and which soon
after tempted the cupidity, and fell a prey to the rapacity, of the infa
mous Verres.
Or, haply, they may have thought that he would be curious to see and
examine the Ear of Dionysius, as it was called, a huge cavern, cut out
of the solid rock in the shape of a human ear, two hundred and fifty feet
long and eighty feet high, in which that execrable tyrant confined all
persons who came within the range of his suspicion, and which was so
ingeniously contrived and constructed, that Dionysius, by applying his
own ear to a small hole, where the sounds were collected as upon a tym
panum, could catch every syllable that was uttered in the cavern below,
and could deal out his proscription and his vengeance accordingly, upon
all who might dare to dispute his authority or to complain of his cruelty.
Or they may have imagined, perhaps, that he would be impatient to
visit at once the sacred fountain of Arethusa, and the seat of those
Sicilian muses whom Virgil so soon after invoked in commencing that
most inspired of all uninspired compositions, which Pope has so nobly
paraphrased in his glowing and glorious eclogue the Messiah.
To their great astonishment, however, Cicero's first request was, that
they would take him to see the tomb of Archimedes. To his own still
greater astonishment, as we may well believe, they told him in reply, that
they knew nothing about the tomb of Archimedes, and had no idea where
it was to be found, and they even positively denied that any such tomb
was still remaining among them.
But Cicero understood perfectly well what he was talking about. He
remembered the exact description of the tomb. He remembered the very
verses which had been inscribed on it. He remembered the sphere and
the cylinder which Archimedes had himself requested to have wrought
upon it, as the chosen emblems of his eventful life. And the great
orator forthwith resolved to make search for it himself.
Accordingly, he rambled out into the place of their ancient sepulchres,
and, after a careful investigation, he came at last to a spot overgrown
with shrubs and bushes, where presently he descried the top of a small
column just rising above the branches. Upon this little column the

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

329

sphere and the cylinder were at length found carved, the inscription was
painfully deciphered, and the tomb of Archimedes stood revealed to the
reverent homage of the illustrious Roman qusestor.
This was in the year 76 before the birth of our Saviour. Archimedes
died about the year 212 before Christ. One hundred and thirty-six
years, only, had thus elapsed since the death of this celebrated person,
before his tombstone was buried up beneath briers and brambles, and
before the place and even the existence of it were forgotten, by the
magistrates of the very city of which he was so long the proudest orna
ment in peace and the most effective defender in war.
What a lesson to human pride, what a commentary on human grati
tude, was here ! It is an incident almost precisely like that which the
admirable and venerable Dr. Watts imagined or imitated, as the topic of
one of his most striking and familiar lyrics :
" Theron, amongst his travels, found
A broken statue on the ground;
And searching onward as he went,
He traced a rained monument.
Mould, moss, and shades had overgrown
The sculpture of the crumbling stone;
Yet ere he passed, with much ado.
He guessed, and spelled out, Sci-pi-o.
' Enough,' he cried ; ' I '11 drudge no more
In turning the dull stoics o'er;
*
*
*
For when I feel my virtue fail,
And ray ambitious thoughts prevail,
I'll take a turn among the tombs,
And see whereto all glory comes.' "

I do not learn, however, that Cicero was cured of his eager vanity and
his insatiate love of fame by this " turn " among the Syracusan tombs.
He was then only just at the threshold of his proud career, and he went
back to pursue it to its bloody end, with unabated zeal, and with an am
bition only extinguishable with his life.
And after all, how richly, how surpassingly, was this local ingratitude
and neglect made up to the memory of Archimedes himself, by the oppor
tunity which it afforded to the greatest orator of the greatest empire of
antiquity, to signalize his appreciation and his admiration of that wonder
ful genius, by going out personally into the ancient graveyards of Syra
cuse, and with the robes of office in their newest gloss around him, to

330

APPENDIX.

search for his tomb and to do honor to his ashes ! The greatest orator of
imperial Rome anticipating the part of Old Mortality upon the grave
stone of the great mathematician and mechanic of antiquity ! This,
surely, is a picture for mechanics in all ages to contemplate, with a proud
satisfaction and delight.

Mr. Wiuthrop then proceeded to give a detailed account

of the career and character of Archimedes, after which he con
tinued as follows :
I may not prolong this discourse hy dwelling upon that long series of
discoverers and inventors and men of science and mechanics, in the old
world or in the new, by whom the practical and useful arts have been
advanced to their present state of perfection. Our own land has had its
full share of them. Their names are known to you by heart. Some of
them have lived, some of them are yet living, among us.
But there is tune enough still left to me, I am sure, to allude briefly
to at least one of them, long since dead, who, if wide distinctions and
differences in his condition and pursuits forbid me from calling him the
American Archimedes, may well be compared with that wonderful man in
the services which he rendered to art, to science, and to his country,
and whose memory, at this moment, has at least one thing in common
with that of the great Syracusan, which, I trust, for the honor of his
native country, and his native city, will not be of much longer con
tinuance.
If any of you, my friends, as you happen to be passing down Hanover
Street, in this good city of Boston, on some pleasant morning, will pause
for a moment on the sidewalk of the First Baptist Church, and cast your
eyes over to the right hand side of the street, you will perceive, sus
pended from a sort of crane, smaller, but perhaps not altogether unlike
those which Archimedes thrust out from the walls of Syracuse to swamp
the Roman ships, and projecting from the building which forms the upper
corner of Hanover and Union Streets, a building in which may be
found India rubbers on the lower story and daguerreotypes up stairs, (two
articles which were utterly unknown to commerce or to art in the days to
which I am about to allude) you will perceive, I say, a wooden ball,
about as large as a good-sized cocoa nut or a small-sized water melon ; and
upon this ball, from which a part of the gilding has been already cracked
and from which the rest seems rapidly peeling, you may discern, without

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

331

difficulty, the date of 1698, legibly inscribed on both sides of it. How
this precise date came there, it is not easy to tell ; at least, I have never
met with the explanation. Perhaps, as Mr. Sparks suggests, the date only
indicates the period when the ball was made and adopted as a sign. But
there is another inscription on the ball, and there are other well authenti
cated circumstances associated with it, which render it one of the most
precious memorials, which ought, certainly, to render it one of the
most cherished relics, of our city in the olden time.
There, in the year 1716, might have been seen a precocious and
rather roguish boy, of about ten years of age, unwillingly but diligently
employed in cutting wicks and filling moulds for the commoner sort of
candles, a humble occupation enough, but one not a little" significant of
the light which he was himself about to shed upon his country and upon
mankind in after years. Born in Boston, on the sixth day of January, old
style, or the seventeenth of January, as we now call it, in the year 1706,
in an old-fashioned gable-end house near the head of Milk Street, oppo
site the Old South Church, in which he was christened the very same
morning, born in that well-remembered mansion, which, were it still
standing, would be visited one of these days, if not now, with hardly less
interest than that with which pilgrims from every land are found flocking
to the humble birth-place of the great British bard at Stratford-uponAvon, the son of poor, but honest, industrious and pious parents, and
having only been permitted to enjoy two years of schooling, one of them
at the common grammar school of the town, and the other at a private
school for writing and arithmetic, the little fellow had been taken away
thus early from his books and his play, to help along his father in his
business, which was that of a tallow-chandler and soap-boiler. And
that father's name may still be deciphered beneath the torn and tarnished
gilding on the ball to which I have alluded. Tradition tells us that it
was originally a blue ball, and that it was at one tune the sign of a public
house.
At the sign of the blue'ball, that boy remained assisting his father for
two years, and there was every appearance that he was destined for a
tallow-chandler himself. But there was that in his nature which could
not be content with the daily drudgery of this somewhat unsavory calling.
There was that within him which seemed to whisper in his youthful ear,
as Archimedes declared aloud in his maturer manhood, that if he could
only find a place to stand upon, he, too, could move the world. And
this dissatisfaction with his condition at length manifested itself so dis

332

APPENDIX.

tinctly, and in so many ways, that his father had good cause to apprehend
that if a more agreeable and congenial occupation were not soon provided
for him, he would break loose from parental control and go off to sea, aa
one of his brothers had done before him.
And so, he was next destined by his well-meaning parents for a
cutler's trade, and his wits were to be employed in making edge-tools for
others, in order to prevent him from doing what young America, I
believe, sometimes calls " cutting stick " himself. But fortunately, per
haps, for all concerned, the fee demanded for an apprenticeship in that
craft was too considerable for his father's purse, and the cutler's trade was
never entered upon.
An occupation, which in its incidental opportunities and advantages,
at least, was better suited to his peculiar taste and talents, at last offered
itself; and he may now be seen regularly indented and bound over as t
printer's apprentice till he should be twenty-one years of age, with what
was doubtless deemed a most important and liberal stipulation in the
covenant, that for the last year of the term he should be allowed jour
neyman's wages. No doubt, he was the envy of all the young appren
tices in his neighborhood, and considered as made for life, with such a
rich remuneration in prospect. Under that indenture he remained steady
and diligent for five years out of the nine which it covered, working
hard at the press during the day, and making the most of the leisure
hours of the evening, and of the later hours of the night, too, in im
proving his handwriting, in practising composition, and in reading the
books which accident brought within his reach, and, fortunately for
him and for us all, these were among the very best books which the
world afforded Plutarch, Bunyan, Defoe, and Addison.
But the yearning for a wider sphere could only be temporarily
repressed by a condition like this; and, indeed, it was daily acquiring
fresh impulse and increased energy from the very circumstances by which
he was surrounded. The very last thing in the world for taming down
a quick, earnest, inquiring and ambitious mind, conscious of its own
power and its own superiority, conscious, too, that its godlike capabili
ties were never meant to rust away unused, the very last way in the
world for reducing such a mind as this into subjection to the discipline
and drudgery of an indented apprenticeship, is to bring it into acquaint
ance and contact with that mighty mechanical engine, by which, more
than by any other which has ever yet been known, either to ancient or to
modern art, the old idea of Archimedes has been fulfilled and the world

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

333

moved. If such a mind is to be kept under, let it busy itself with any
other mystery beneath the sun, rather than with the mystery of the com
posing stick, more especially when it is employed in the service of a
newspaper. There is an atmosphere in a printer's office which, somehow
or other, puts notions into boys' heads, and into men's heads, too, an
atmosphere which is very apt to make quick blood run quicker, and im
pulsive hearts beat higher, and active brains work harder, until those who
were only indented to set up types for other people's thoughts, are sud
denly found insisting on having other people to set up types for their own
thoughts. So it has been, certainly, with more than one of your own
most distinguished members, Mr. President, your Russell, your Arm
strong, and your Buckingham, the latter of whom has recently added a
new claim to your regard, and to the regard of the community, by the
preparation of an elaborate and excellent history of your Association.
And so, certainly, it was with our young Boston printer's boy of
1718, whom not even journeyman's wages for the ninth year could tempt
to serve out his tune in mere type setting, and who, even before the fifth
year was fairly ended, availed himself of a tempting opportunity once
more to assert his freedom, fled from his employer and family and native
town, and who might have been seen, some time in the year 1723, leaping
ashore from on board of a little sloop at New York, a lad of only seven
teen years old, without the least knowledge of any person in the place,
and with very little money in his pocket. A few days afterwards he is
found buying threepence worth of rolls out of a baker's shop in Phila
delphia, and paying for them out of his last dollar, eating one of them
himself from very hunger as he walked along Chestnut Street, and wash
ing it down with a draft of river water, giving the others to a poor woman
and child whom he had met along the road, and at last finding his way
into a Quaker meeting-house, and there falling asleep from utter fatigue
and exhaustion ; a runaway apprentice, who might have been seized
under the fugitive act, if such an act had existed in those days !
Thus ended the career of BENJAMIN FRANKLIN in his native city of
Boston, and almost at that very moment, almost at that early age, and
under those unpropitious and seemingly desperate circumstances, he com
menced a career of well-nigh unequalled usefulness to his fellow men,
and of well-nigh unequalled service and glory to his country. I am not
about to attempt any detailed sketch of that brilliant career in the little
remnant of an hour's discourse. It is so identified with the history of his
country and of the whole civilized world in the age in which he lived,

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APPENDIX.

that volumes have been, and might again be, filled, without exhausting
either its interest or its variety
I have only alluded to that career, this evening, as presenting some
striking circumstance*, both of comjKirison and of contrast, with that of
the groat Syracusan philosopher and mechanic of antiquity, whose history
I have just given you, and from a foeling which impressed itself upon my
mind, on the first glance at the design of the diploma to which I have
alluded, that the figure of Franklin resting on that old original printingpress of hia, which is still to be seen in the patent office at Washington,
might well have formed a counterpart to the figure of Archimedes resting
on his screw. Their names are connected with periods of history two
thousand years apart, but they are still, and they will ever be, the names
which mechanics everywhere, and certainly in our own country, will
romemlicr and cherish, with an interest and a respect, which no other
names in that long, long interval, can ever be permitted to share.
If Archimedes signalized his early ingenuity in discovering the defectiveness of King Hiero's crown, Franklin was second to no one in detect
ing and making manifest the defectiveness and worthlessness of all crowns,
for any purposes of American free government.
If Archimedes by his burning mirrors drew down fire from the sun
upon the foes of his country, Franklin caught the forked lightning upon
his magic points, averted it from the homes of his fellow men, and con
ducted it where it might bo safely disarmed of its deadly properties.
And, certainly, if Archimedes exhibited a sublime spectacle, in setting
at defiance and holding at bay the whole power of imperial Borne on sea
and on land, by his marvellous and tremendous enginery, literally
laughing a siege to scorn, Franklin, sending up his kite and holding
his key in a thunder storm, in order to draw deliberately down upon
himself the flaming bolts of heaven, that he might analyze then- character
and verify his theory for the good of mankind, presents a picture of
even greater and nobler sublimity.
Franklin did not, indeed, devote himself to profound mathematics
and geometrical problems and theorems. He lived in a larger and busier
world than Archimedes ever conceived of, and at a period when the dis
tractions of an unsettled and uncivilized state of society permitted but
little devotion or attention to philosophy or science of any sort. But he
was not a whit behind the great Sicilian in the ingenuity and industry
which he displayed, in devising and preparing the instruments and engines
by which his countrymen were enabled to improve their condition in time

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

335

of peace, and to defend their soil and their independence in time of war.
And I know not any one in our own history, or in any other history,
who, from the variety and multiplicity of the improvements, inventions,
and practical suggestions, both for the purposes of peace and of war, of
which he was the author, could so well be likened to that hundred-handed
Briareus, to whom Marcellus compared the old philosopher of Sicily, as
Benjamin Franklin.

After dwelling at some length on the life and services of

Franklin, Mr. Winthrop concluded his lecture as follows :
And now, my friends, if some one of the renowned orators or philoso
phers of the old world, if some British or European Cicero, a
Brougham or a Macaulay, a Humboldt or a Guizot, on coming over
to visit this proud and prosperous republic of ours, should happen, as
well he might, to take a Halifax steamer and arrive first at the birth-place
of Franklin, and if, upon being waited on by the magistrates of the
city, as Cicero of old was waited upon on his arrival at ancient Syracuse,
with an offer to show him our Yankee lions, if such a man, under such
circumstances, instead of asking to be conducted to our temples of edu
cation or of religion, of charity or of liberty, to our Asylums or Athenae
ums, our aqueducts, our fountains, or our Faneuil Hall, should inquire
at once, as Cicero inquired, for the monument commemorative of the
genius and services of one so known and honored throughout the world,
of him who wrested the sceptre from tyrants and the thunderbolt from the
skies, I think it would not be difficult to realize something of the em
barrassment with which His Honor the Mayor, or whoever else might be
his conductor, would suggest to the distinguished stranger, that though
Franklin was born in Boston, he did not exactly die in Boston, that
there was, indeed, a little painted stone urn, without a name on it, in one
of the side streets, but that Philadelphia, perhaps, would be the more
appropriate place to inquire at, as he was understood to have been buried
there.
Our distinguished visitor, of course, would acquiesce in the suggestion;
not, however, I imagine, without a shrug of astonishment, which French
politeness might conceal, but which John Bull, in the person of my Lord
Brougham, certainly, would be altogether likely to make quite as mani
fest as was agreeable. At any rate, he would postpone further inquiries
until he reached Philadelphia, where he -would rely on the satisfaction of

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APPENDIX.

paying his homage at the very grave of the great philosopher. And now
let UM imagine him to have reached the charming metropolis of Pennsyl
vania, and to have sullied out, as Cicero did, into the ancient grave-yards
in quest of the tomb, what, what would he find there, if, indeed, he
succeeded in finding anything 'I Let me give you the description in the
very words in which I have recently met with it, in one of the leading
religious papers of our land :
" A dilapidated dark slab of stone, at the south-west corner of Fifth
and Arch Streets, Philadelphia, marks (or did mark a few years ago)
the spot where rest the remains of Benjamin and Deborah Franklin ; but
you cannot see their grave nor read the inscription without climbing a
high brick wall, in violation -of the law, or without securing a good oppor
tunity and the favor of the sexton, each of which is said to be attended
with difficulty. So well hidden is this grave, and so little frequented,
that we have known many native Philadclphians of men's and women's
estate, who could not direct one to the locality where it may be
found."
Is this, Mr. President, a mere parody of Cicero's description of his
hunt for the tomb of Archimedes before the Christian era ? Or is it a
genuine and authentic account of the tomb of Benjamin Franklin in this
nineteenth century ? If it be the latter, as, I am sorry to say, cannot be
doubted, said I not rightly and justly, a moment since, that there was
at least one thing in common to the memory of the great Syracusan and
the great Bostonian, which, I trusted, for the honor of us all, would not
be of much longer continuance ? Archimedes had been dead a hundred
and thirty-six years, before Cicero discovered his forgotten tombstone
buried up beneath briers and brambles. Less than half that time has
elapsed since Franklin was summoned to the skies. He died only five
years before this Association was founded, and, thanks to a kind Provi
dence, not even all your original members are yet numbered among the
dead. There is at least one of them, (Isaac P. Davis, Esq.,) I rejoice to
remember, who may be seen almost every day on 'Change, with a heart
as young as the youngest within these walls, and whose name, inscribed
in the second volume of Webster's Speeches, as a token of the constant
friendship and regard of their illustrious author, will be preserved as
fresh and fragrant with future generations, as it is with that which has
been the immediate witness of his genial good nature, his fullness of
information, and his untiring obligingness. Sixty-three years only,
less, by seven, than the allotted term of a single human life, have thus

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337

expired since Franklin's death, but they have been enough, it seems,
to consign his tomb to dilapidation and almost to oblivion.
It is true, indeed, and in justice to Franklin himself, I must not
forget it or omit it, that with a native simplicity and modesty of charac
ter, which no compliments or caresses of the great or the learned, which
no distinction or flattery at home or abroad, could ever corrupt or impair,
this truly great man prescribed, by his own Will, the plainest and hum
blest possible memorial for his own resting-place.
" I wish (says he) to be buried by the side of my wife, if it may be,
and that a marble stone, to be made by Chambers, six feet long and four
feet wide, plain, with only a small moulding round the upper edge, and
this inscription :

'BENJAMIN AND DEBORAH FRANKLIN,

178-.'
be placed over us both."
It is true, also, that Franklin has left memorials enough of himself
behind him, to render all further commemoration on his own account alto
gether superfluous.
Every lightning-rod is a monument to Franklin, of his own erection ;
and not a flash, which is disarmed by its magic points, passes to the
ground, without a fresh illumination of his title to the gratitude of man
kind. One might almost be permitted to borrow the idea of the con
science-stricken king in Shakspeare's Tempest, and to imagine the
thunder, with its deep and dreadful diapason, pronouncing the name of
franklin, not, indeed, as a name of terror, but as a pledge of safety
in the storm.
Every penny-stamp, too, is a monument to Franklin, earned, if not
established by himself, as the fruit of his early labors and his signal
success in the organization of our infant post office ; and no man, I
think, can use the invaluable little implements of modern cheap postage,
I do not mean the stamped envelopes, which are nothing less than a
disgrace to American art and a caricature of the Father of his country,
but the original, separate stamps, without rejoicing that, apart from all
other advantages of the system, the noble heads of Washington and
Franklin are thus brought daily to our view, and are associated in the
minds and hearts of the whole people of the Union, with the unspeak
able privilege of a sure and speedy communication with the absent and
the loved.
43

338

APPENDIX.

And herc, in our own immediate community, too, I may add, every
little silver medal distributed annually to the children of our free schools,
is a precious memorial of Franklin ; and every boy or girl who is incited
by the prizes he instituted to higher efforts at distinction in gxxl scholar
ship and good behavior, is a living monument to his prudent and provi
dent consideration for the youth of his native city. One of the last
things which a Boston boy ever forgets is, that he won and wore a
Franklin medal. There is at least one of them, I know, who would not
exchange the remembrance of that youthful distinction for any honor
which he has since enjoyed.
And though the larger provision which he made for the young and
needy mechanics of our city has not quite realized all the advantages
which he anticipated, yet the day is sure to arrive, when Boston and the
whole Commonwealth will reap a rich harvest of public improvement
from the surplus accumulation of the Franklin Mechanic Fund.
Not, then, lie-cause Franklin is in any danger of being forgotten,
not lx.'cause his memory requires the aid of bronze or marble to rescue it
from oblivion, not because it is in the power of any of us to increase or
extend his pervading and enduring fame, but because, in these days
of commemoration, it is unjust to ourselves, unjust to our own reputation
for a discriminating estimate and a generous appreciation of real genius,
of true greatness, and of devoted public service, do I conclude this
ecturc with the expression of an earnest hope, that the day may soon
come, when it shall cease to be in the power of any one to say, that the
great Patriot Mechanic and Philosopher of modern times is without a
statue or a monument, either in the city of his burial-place or his birth
place.
The mechanics of Massachusetts, the mechanics of New England, owe
it to themselves to see to it, that this reproach no longer rests upon our
community and our country. And I know not under what other auspices
than theirs, such a work could be so fitly and so hopefully undertaken.
When the olielisk at Bunker Hill, doubly consecrated to us by the
memory of those in whose honor it was erected, and of him whose con
summate eloquence will be forever associated both with its corner-stone
and its cap-stone, when this noble monument was lingering in its slow
ascent, the mechanics of Massachusetts pronounced the word, Let it be
finished and it was finished. And now there is another word for them
to speak, and it will be done. Let them unite, let us all unite, with our
brethren of Philadelphia and of the whole Union, in erecting a suitable

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

339

monument near the grave of Franklin ; but let there not fail to be,
also, a Statue of our own, on some appropriate spot of the old peninsula
which gave him birth.
I know not of a greater encouragement which could be given to the
cause of Science applied to Art, in which we are assembled ; I know not
of a greater encouragement which could be held out to the young appren
tices, to whom we look to carry forward that cause in the future, and to
supply the places of that noble race of Massachusetts mechanics to which
our city, our state, and our whole country, have been so greatly indebted,
both for laying the foundations, and for building up the superstructure,
not merely of our material edifices, but of our moral, civil and political
institutions ; I know not of a greater encouragement which could be
afforded to industry, temperance, moderation, frugality, benevolence, selfdenial, self-devotion, and patriotism, in every art, occupation and condi
tion of life, than the visible presence, in some conspicuous quarter of our
metropolis, of the venerable figure of Franklin, in that plain, old-fashioned,
long-bodied, Quaker-like coat, with which he will be forever associated in
our minds, and in which he appeared proudly alike before kings and com
moners ; and with that bland and benevolent countenance, which seems to
say even to the humblest and least hopeful of God's creatures, "I was
once as you are now, houseless and penniless, without fortune and
without friends ; but never despair, be just and fear not, be sober,
be diligent, be frugal, be faithful, love man and love God, and do your
whole duty to yourself, to your neighbor, and to your country, in what
ever circumstances you are placed, and you, also, may do good in your
day and generation, and you, too, may, haply, leave a name, that shall
be remembered and honored in all ages and throughout all climes ! "

The response to the suggestion thus distinctly made was

immediate and electric, and was foreshadowed in the follow
ing letter communicating to Mr. Winthrop the thanks of the
Mechanic Association, and requesting a copy of the lecture
for publication :
BOSTON, DECEMBER 8, 1853.
Hon. ROBERT C. WINTHROP :
Dear Sir, At a meeting of the Government of the Massachusetts
Charitable Mechanic Association, held last evening, the Lecture Commit
tee were instructed to present to you, in behalf of the Association, the

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APPENDIX.

thanks of the board for the eloquent and interesting address delivered by
you on the evening of the twenty-ninth ult. as the introductory lecture to
the present course.
They were also further instructed to request a copy for the press, and
to make all necessary arrangements for its publication and distribution to
the members and the public.
The Committee hope it will suit your convenience to furnish us the
manuffript at an early day, in order that it may awaken the public senti
ment of our city to the propriety of erecting a statue of Franklin in the
place of his birth. The force and pertinence with which you urged this
measure in your address, will serve to quicken the hearts of our people in
its behalf; and its publication, no doubt, will be followed by that energetic
action which will secure the final success of the project.
We remain, truly yours, &c.,
F. W. LINCOLN, Jr.
FRED. H. STIMPSON,
OSMYN BREWSTER,
JOSEPH M. WIOUTMAN,
ALBERT G. BROWNE,

Committee.

At a regular meeting of the Government of the Association,

held at the house of the President, Jonas Chickering, Esq.,
on Wednesday, the seventh day of December, 1853, the day
previous to his much lamented decease, on motion of Frederic
W. Lincoln, Jr., Esq., the Vice President of the Association,
it was
Voted: That Messrs. Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., John H. Thorndike, Joseph M. Wightman, John Cowdin, and Osmyn Brewster, be a
committee to consider the expediency of proposing to the Association,
that they should take the incipient measures for erecting in the city of
Boston a statue of Franklin, in accordance with the recommendation of
Mr. Winthrop in his introductory lecture.

On Wednesday, the twenty-eighth day of the same month,

at an adjourned meeting of the Government of the Association,
the Vice President, from the special committee in relation to a
statue in memory of Franklin, made a report in writing, which,

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

341

on motion of Mr. Calvin W. Haven, was accepted, and ordered

to be communicated to the Association.
Pursuing the project of erecting a statue to the memory of
the illustrious Franklin, at the annual meeting of the Associa
tion, held at its rooms on the fourth day of January, 1854, the
committee on finance, by Mr. Lincoln, their chairman, submitted
their annual report, containing the following allusion to the
contemplated statue :
" Mr. Winthrop's Introductory Lecture, while being appropriate to
the occasion, derives some significance from the formal and earnest manner
in which he advocated the erection of a statue of Franklin. There
appears to be a feeling that in this city of his birth, where we are so
much indebted to him for his legacy to mechanics and for his gift to our
children, that we have too long delayed an appropriate memorial to his
memory. We have been expected, as an association, to take the first
steps towards the object. The Government of the Association have taken
the subject into consideration, and the plan proposed will be laid before
you."

On the same day the newly elected President of the Asso

ciation, Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr., Esq., presented the report
of a committee of the Government upon the proposed statue
of Franklin, appended to which were the following resolutions,
which, on motion of Mr. George G. Smith, were adopted.
Resolved, That a committee be appointed to nominate a list of forty
persons, to be selected from our honorary members, our own members,
and the citizens at large, who shall have the whole charge of the subject.
They shall have power to fill vacancies, enlarge their number, and make
all necessary arrangements to carry out the object of their appointment.
Resolved, That our Secretary be instructed to notify said gentle
men of their appointment, and to call a meeting for organization at the
rooms of our Association, on Tuesday, January seventeenth, at four
o'clock, it being the anniversary of the birth of Franklin.

Under the foregoing resolutions, Messrs. Henry N. Hooper,

Uriel Crocker, and George Coolidge, were appointed a com

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APPENDIX.

mittec to retire and report a list of forty names of individuals

to compose the committee mentioned in the first resolution.
The nominating committee subsequently offered the follow
ing list of names as their report, and it was unanimously
accepted by the meeting, and the gentlemen named were consti
tuted the committee on the statue :
MEMBERS OP THE ASSOCIATION.

Isaac Harris,
Stephen Fairbanks,
Joseph T. Buckingham,
Charles Wells,
George Darracott,
George G. Smith,
James Clark,
Henry N. Hooper,
Frederic W. Lincoln, Jr.,
Thomas Blanchard,
Samuel M. Allen,

Osmyn Brewster,
Theophilus R. Marvin,
John Cowdin,
John H. Thorndike,
Joseph M. Wightman,
Charles G. King,
Kimball Gibson,
Joseph L. Bates,
Otis Tufts,
John Kuhn,
William C. Bond.

CITIZENS AT LARGE.

Robert C. Winthrop,
Josiah Quincy,
Abbott Lawrence,
Edward Everett,
Jacob Bigelow,
David Sears,
Richard Frothingham, Jr.,
William H. Prescott,
J. Ingersoll Bowditch,

George R. Russell,
Nathaniel B. Shurtleff,
Epes Sargent,
Thomas G. Appleton,
Daniel N. Haskell,
George S. Hillard,
Jared Sparks,
Thomas P. Gushing,
Thomas E. Chickering.

By direction of the Association, its Secretary, Joseph L.

Bates, Esq., promptly notified the members of the committee
of their appointment, and that the first meeting of the commit
tee would be held for organization on Tuesday, the seventeenth
day of January, 1854, the anniversary of the birthday of
Franklin.

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

343

Agreeably to notice, a meeting of the committee appointed

by the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association was
held at the rooms then occupied by the Association in the
building now belonging to the Massachusetts Historical Society.
The Secretary of the Association then read the names of the
committee, and it appeared that the following persons were
present :
From the citizens at large, Messrs. Robert C. Winthrop,
Josiah Quincy, Abbott Lawrence, Jacob Bigelow, David Sears,
J. Ingersoll Bowditch, Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, Epes Sargent,
Thomas G. Appleton, Jared Sparks and Thomas P. Gushing.
From the Mechanic Association,- Messrs. Isaac Harris,
James Clark, Henry N. Hooper, Frederic "W. Lincoln, Jr.,
Thomas Blanchard, Osmyn Brewster, Theophilus R. Marvin,
John H. Thorndike, Charles G. King, Kimball Gibson, Joseph
L. Bates, Otis Tufts and John Kuhn.
Hon. Mr. Winthrop then rose and made a few remarks on
the object of the meeting, He said that the gentlemen who
were present had assembled on the one hundred and forty-eighth
anniversary of the birthday of Franklin, to take measures to
pay a just, though tardy tribute to his memory; and he hoped
before the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary should arrive
before three half centuries should have passed away the work
would be completed, and Franklin be found standing again
in our sight. He regarded it as an interesting coincidence
that it was now just one hundred years since Franklin pro
posed, in the Albany Convention, that plan of Union which
was finally adopted by our fathers, and which has been the
source of such unspeakable blessings to the American people.
Mr. Winthrop believed there had been a very general assent
to the propriety of this work, since it was suggested, and a
general feeling that it should be initiated by the Mechanic
Charitable Association. It was as a mechanic, and the
son of a mechanic, that Franklin was known to Boston.
In conclusion he moved that the President of the Mas

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APPENDIX.

sachusetts Mechanic Charitable Association, Frederic W.

Lincoln, Jr., Esq., should be the president of the com
mittee.
The motion of Mr. Winthrop was received with great
satisfaction, and was unanimously adopted; and Joseph L.
Bates, Esq., the Secretary of the Association, was requested
to serve as secretary of the committee.
Mr. Lincoln, on taking the chair, returned his thanks for
the honor conferred upon him, in a few remarks appropriate
to the occasion.
The report of the committee of the Government, as com
municated to the Association at the annual meeting, was read
at the request of the presiding officer. It was strongly in
favor of erecting the statue, and expressed strong hopes
that the project should not be monopolized by the Associa
tion; but that the citizens generally should be interested in
it, and should be invited to participate in its fulfilment. It
tendered the use of the rooms of the Association for meet
ings of the committee, and proffered other aid.
Hon. Abbott Lawrence then offered the following reso
lution :
Resolved, That we cordially concur in the proposition of the Mas
sachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, that measures should no
longer be delayed for erecting a Btatue of Benjamin Franklin in the city
of his birth.

Mr. Lawrence remarked that he did not deem it neces

sary, after having read the eloquent and able lecture of Mr.
Winthrop before the Association, to say anything in support
of this resolution. This matter of a public memorial to
Franklin in the city of his birth had been too long delayed.
As a citizen of Boston he had long felt that it was due to
ourselves, as well as to that great man, that some action
should be taken to accomplish this object. He felt sure of
the readiness of the public to do that which this committee had

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

345

met to accomplish, and that they are ready to make the neces
sary subscriptions. He looked upon Franklin as the embodi
ment of the great mechanical interests of the city. But he
did not belong to the mechanics entirely. He was a great
statesman mighty in science and the country is more
indebted to him for its present prosperity and happiness than
to any other man, save the " Father of his country." As far
as his feeble cooperation would assist, he was quite ready to
engage in the work. He hoped the matter would be taken up
with vigor, and that in a few weeks all the money necessary
would be subscribed.
After remarks from Mr. Sparks and others, the resolution
was unanimously adopted.
Mr. Winthrop then read the following letter, which was
written several years ago by Hon. Jared Sparks, in which the
matter of a monument to Franklin is alluded to. He said that
he did not know of the existence of this letter when his lec
ture was delivered and printed, and he took pleasure in reading
it now, in justice to its distinguished author, as well as for the
valuable views which it contained.
CAMBRIDGE, FEB. 9, 1850.
Dear Sir : In reply to your inquiry, allow me to say, that it is not
my purpose for the present to write anything concerning the part taken
by Franklin in the negotiations of 1782. Hereafter I may be able to
place that subject in a more just light than has hitherto been done.
I have read in the British and French offices all the correspondence
and other papers relating to those negotiations, and the diplomatic corres
pondence of the French government with the French ministers in this
country, Spain and Holland, during our revolution, amounting to more
than sixty large folio volumes. After this research, in which I was
employed nearly a year, I do not think it presumption to believe that I
am qualified to form an opinion, not only of the acts and policy of the
French court, but of the agency of Franklin in the great affairs of that
period.
Having turned my attention particularly to this latter point, I do not
hesitate to declare, in the most unqualified terms, that the idea of the

346

APPENDIX.

delinquency of Franklin as the representative of the great interests of his

country, and of his submissiveness to the French court, which was so
industriously propagated for a long time in this country, is without a
shadow of foundation. Such an idea is not sustained by a single para
graph or fact in all this voluminous mass of papers, although he often
appears as a prominent actor in our complicated foreign relations. On
the contrary, he is everywhere presented in the character of a true and
steady patriot, wise and consistent, sagacious and firm, bold and perse
vering, and not a whit behind the most ardent of his compatriots in
asserting his country's liberties, and maintaining her rights.
His services abroad can never be properly estimated, because they
were rendered in a sphere which, at the time, was necessarily in a great
measure concealed from the public eye. No one who will examine the
subject, however, can doubt for a moment that he was second only to
Washington in establishing his country's freedom and moulding her desti
nies. His genius and writings had made him renowned in Europe when
the controversy began ; and this renown, increased by his public character
and extraordinary wisdom, enabled him to do for his country what no
other man could have done ; and I will repeat, that, in my opinion, no
man ever executed a high trust with more fidelity, ability, and devoted
patriotism.
And yet, where are the monuments which testify a nation's gratitude
for the services of such a benefactor ? They exist in his writings, his
fame, in the glory which his name has thrown over the land of his birth,
and, we may add, in the hearts of mankind. They are not found in
marble, bronze, or granite. Even his native city, eminent as she is for
acts of public munificence, and honored by the civilized world as the spot
on which Franklin drew his first breath, contains no memorial of the
noble and generous pride, which, by the example of ancient and modenl
times, such a distinction might justly inspire.
I am, dear Sir, respectfully and truly yours,

JARED SPARKS.
JOHN C. WARREN, M. D.

Mr. Sparks, being present, responded at some length, de

fending the character of Franklin from the aspersions which
had been attempted to be cast upon it, and in conclusion
expressed his gratification at the present movement, and hoped
it would be successful.

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

347

Remarks were also elicited from the venerable Josiah

Quincy, and Isaac Harris, Epes Sargent, John H. Thorndike,
Thomas G. Appleton, and Thomas P. Gushing, Esquires, and
Dr. Jacob Bigelow.
On motion of Mr. Winthrop it was
Resolved, That a Committee of Finance, and a Committee on
Design and Execution, be appointed by the Chairman, and that the Com
mittee on Finance be empowered to appoint a Treasurer.

Whereupon the chairman announced the following com

mittees :
Committee on Design and Execution, Messrs. Robert C.
Winthrop, Jacob Bigelow, Jared Sparks, Edward Everett,
William H. Prescott, William Appleton, George G. Smith,
Henry N. Hooper, Thomas Blanchard, Epes Sargent, Wil
liam C. Bond, Joseph M. Wightman, and Otis Tufts.
Committee on Finance, Messrs. Abbott Lawrence, David
Sears, George R. Russell, Thomas P. Gushing, Nathaniel B.
Shurtleff, Richard Frothingham, Jr., J. Ingersoll Bowditch,
Stephen Fairbanks, Theophilus R. Marvin, Osmyn Brewster,
Daniel N. Haskell, John H. Thorndike, and Charles G. King.
Henry N. Hooper, Esq., offered the following resolution,
which was passed unanimously by the Committee:
Resolved, That it ought to be, and doubtless will he, a pleasure
and a pride to all classes of our fellow-citizens to contribute something to
this object, and we look especially to the mechanics and their apprentices,
to the printers, and those of our fellow-citizens who as school boys
have won and worn a Franklin medal, to aid in the work.

A letter was read from Hon. George S. Hillard, declining,

on account of pressing official duties, his position as a member
of the committee; and J. Thomas Stevenson, Esq., was ap
pointed in his place.
A vote was passed inviting the Mayor of the city, the
President of the Common Council, the President of the Me

APPENDIX.

chanic Apprentices Library Association, the President of the

Franklin Typographical Society, and the President of the Mer
cantile Library Association, to unite with the committee in
furtherance of their purpose.
On motion of Theophilus R. Marvin, Esq., it was
Voted, That the Chairman of this Committee, (the General Com
mittee), the Chairman of the Committee of Finance, and the Chairman
of the Committee of Design be an Executive Committee, to call meetings
of the General Committee, whenever it shall become requisite.

On motion of Epes Sargent, Esq., it was

Voted, That the contemplated statue of Franklin be made of
bronze.

The preliminary matters having been arranged, the meeting

was dissolved.
The first meeting of the Committee of Finance was held on
the afternoon of the twentieth of January. Osmyn Brewster,
Esq., Treasurer of the Mechanic Association, at the request of
the committee, consented to perform the services of treasurer
to the committee ; and John H. Thorndike and Charles G. King,
Esquires, were appointed a committee with full powers to pro
vide a suitable form of certificate to be issued to contributors
towards defraying the expenses of the statue.
On motion of Hon. Richard Frothingham, Jr., it was
Voted, That the Chairman of the Finance Committee be author
ized to prepare a circular letter, to be addressed to the Government of the
Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, the Franklin Typographi
cal Society, the Mercantile Library Association, the Mechanic Apprentices
Library Association, and the Franklin Medal Scholars, also to such other
associations as it may seem proper, requesting their cooperation in the
object of the appointment of the committee.

Other matters of detail were arranged at the meeting pre

vious to its adjournment. In accordance with the vote of the

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

349

committee, the following circular was prepared by Hon. Mr.

Lawrence, and communicated to the associations mentioned in
the vote, and to many others.
BOSTON, JAN. 20, 1854.
Sir : At a meeting of a committee of forty gentlemen, called at the
suggestion of the Government of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic
Association, on the seventeenth instant, it was voted to take measures to
erect a Bronze Statue to the memory of Franklin, in the city of his birth,
and the undersigned were appointed a Committee of Finance.
In the belief that your Association would take pride and pleasure in
promoting this object, we respectfully invite your cooperation. Such con
tributions as you may see fit to make may be handed to the Treasurer of
this Committee, Osmyn Brewster, Esq., 47 Washington Street.
It is desirable that as speedy returns as convenient may be made of
the amounts collected.
Signed,
ABBOTT LAWRENCE,
DAVID SEARS,
GEORGE R. RUSSELL,
THOMAS P. GUSHING,
J. INGERSOLL BOWDITCH,
NATHANIEL B. SHURTLEFF,
RICHARD FROTHINGHAM, Jr.
STEPHEN FAIRBANKS,
THEOPHILUS R. MARVIN,
OSMYN BREWSTER,
DANIEL N. HASKELL,
JOHN H. THORNDIKE,
A true copy,
CHARLES G. KING.
JOSEPH L. BATES, Secretary of Committee.

The various bodies to whom the circular was addressed

responded promptly to the invitation, and commenced collecting
subscriptions for the erection of the statue.
For this purpose a special meeting of the Mechanic Asso
ciation was held ; and, as it was deemed best that individual
collections should be made from the members generally, a com-

1
350

APPENDIX.

mittee consisting of the following persons, three for each ward,

was appointed to wait upon each member for subscriptions :
Messrs. Henry N. Hooper, Thomas Mair, Robert Ripley,
Benjamin Lamson, Hiram Bosworth, Charles Emerson, Isaac H.
Hazclton, Asa Swallow, Thomas Palmer, John Cowdin, Wil
liam F. Goodwin, Benjamin Beal, Pelham Bonney, Frederic
H. Stimpson, Edward Hennessey, Francis B. Winter, Nathaniel
Francis, Thomas J. Shelton, James Dillon, Calvin W. Haven,
William Stearns, L. Miles Standish, Edwin Brown, John C.
Hubbard, C. C. Barney, William H. Howard, Stephen Shelton,
Philo Sanford, Joel Wheeler, John Green, Jr., Albert J. Wright,
Isaac Adams, T. S. Perkins, Enoch H. Snelling, John J. Rayner, George Yendall, and Henry Hutchinson.
Isaac Harris, Esq., one of the original medal scholars, called
a meeting of several prominent gentlemen who had received
Franklin medals, to take measures to secure the cooperation of
all the others who had received a similar distinction. This
preliminary meeting was held at the residence of Mr. Harris,
and was an occasion of an exceedingly interesting character.
Three of those who received the Franklin medals in the first
year of their distribution, were present, namely: Dr. John
C. Warren, Mr. Robert Lash, and Mr. Isaac Harris. The
meeting was organized by the choice of Dr. Warren as Presi
dent, and Mr. William Harris as Secretary. Dr. Warren
opened the meeting with an interesting address ; and speeches
followed from Hon. James Savage, who received a medal in
1795, and Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, whose medal was awarded
in 1823. Hon. Henry P. Fairbanks offered the following reso
lutions :
Resolved, That wo cordially respond to the appeal which has been
made to the Franklin Medal Scholars to aid in the erection of a Statue of
Benjamin Franklin in the city of his birth.
Resolved, That a committee of eighteen be appointed, with full
powers to arrange and carry out a plan for securing the cooperation of all

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

351

the medal scholars in this work, with authority to call a general meeting
of them all, if they shall judge it expedient.
Resolved, That we regret to learn that no record exists of the
medal boys for a long series of years, and that advantage ought to be
taken of this occasion to procure a complete list of all who have received
the Franklin medal since it was first instituted and awarded.

The following named gentlemen were appointed the com

mittee provided for in the resolutions:
John C. "Warren, James T. Austin, Isaac Harris, James
Savage, Charles Sprague, J. Thomas Stevenson, Robert C. Wiuthrop, George R. Sampson, John C. Park, Frederic H. Bradlee, Nathaniel C. Poor, Henry P. Fairbanks, John J. Dixwell,
J. Wiley Edmands, Granville Hears, Bradley N. Cumings, Ezra
Lincoln, and Thomas Gaffield.
In consequence of the decease of Hon. Henry P. Fair
banks, and the resignation of Messrs. Sampson and Cumings,
Hon. Charles G. Loring, and Messrs. Nathaniel H. Emmons
and Joseph Ballard, were appointed members of the Com
mittee.
In accordance with the second of the above resolutions, a
meeting of the Franklin Medal Scholars was held in the rooms
of the Mechanic Association, on the evening of the third of
March. The occasion was one of so much interest that a full
account of it is given below.
Agreeably to notice given) the meeting was called to order
at half-past seven o'clock, about two hundred persons being
present. It was, in many respects, a remarkable assembly.
Four of the nine boys who received Franklin medals the
first year were present, venerable men, well known for their
useful and honorable lives. Gentlemen from every walk of
life, of all ages, and holding all varieties of opinion upon
ordinary subjects, were brought together by a common bond
of interest, the influence of which had never before been
excited in the same .way. Fathers were present with their
sons, all medal scholars. Several gentlemen had travelled

352

APPENDIX.

from their present homes many miles distant to participate in

the pleasure of this interesting occasion.
The meeting was called to order by Col. Ezra Lincoln, and
on motion of Granville Mcars, Esq., a committee was appointed
to nominate officers. Messrs. Granville Mears, J. J. Dixwell, and Joseph Smith were appointed; they retired, and
afterwards returned with the following list, which was unani
mously accepted :
President, Dr. John C. Warren.
Vice Presidents, Messrs. N. L. Frothingharn, Alexander
Young, James Savage, Charles G. Loring, William Parmenter,
Isaac Harris, and Robert Lash.
Secretaries, Messrs. Ezra Lincoln, Isaac H. Wright, John
C. Pratt, Charles Hale, and S. F. McCleary, Jr.
The venerable President, a medal scholar of the very first
year, on taking the chair made a brief and exceedingly appro
priate address, commenting on the great services of Franklin,
and the duty incumbent on the medal scholars to do honor
to him who had honored them.
Hon. Robert C. Winthrop then rose and stated the double
object of the meeting; first, to secure contributions from the
medal scholars in aid of the erection of the statue to Franklin;
and secondly, to obtain a complete list of all those who had
received the distinction. There is no such list in the archives
of the city, nor is it possible to obtain one from the news
paper or other records. A complete list subsequent to 1836
has been made out, but the previous years are imperfect,
and many entirely wanting.
Hon. John C. Park then offered the following resolution :
Hesolyed, That the Franklin Modal Scholars will proudly cooperate
with the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association, and the citizens
of Boston generally, in erecting a statue of Benjamin Franklin in his
native place.

Robert Lash, Esq., one of the first who received medals,

seconded the resolution in an interesting speech.

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

353

Mr. Edward A. Vose, in behalf of the mechanic interest,

expressed his hearty concurrence in the objects of the meeting
and his approval of the resolution, and gave assurance that the
mechanics of Boston would cordially respond to the proposition
for the erection of a monument to Franklin.
The question was then put, and the resolution was unani
mously adopted.
Andrew T. Hall, Esq., then submitted the following reso
lution :
Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed by the Chair to
retire and nominate to this meeting a committee of not less than twentyfive in number, to call upon all the Franklin Medal Scholars for their con
tributions, or to take such other measures as they may deem expedient to
secure a general collection in behalf of the object of this meeting.

The resolution was adopted, and Messrs. Andrew T. Hall,

Frederic U. Tracy, and Thomas J. Shelton were appointed the
nominating committee. They retired and afterwards returned
and reported the following names :
Committee, Messrs. Nathaniel Brewer, "William A. Brewer,
Edwin H. Hall, Frederic U. Tracy, Henry Lincoln, Samuel
P. Oliver, Henry Mellus, John K. Hall, E. F. Pratt, Samuel
H. Gibbens, Ichabod Howland, Benjamin Goddard, John B.
Bradford, Nathaniel Goddard, Thomas J. Bouve", Samuel G.
Bowdlear, George W. Messinger, John J. May, John S. Dwight,
Aaron H. Bean, Albert Day, George F. Homer, Charles A.
Welch, Isaac H. Wright, Charles Sprague, William H. Den
nett, Henry E. Lincoln, Charles H. Appleton, George F. Wil
liams, Henry A- Rice, Andrew J. Loud, J. F. Williams Lane,
T. M. Brewer, Henry Whitney, Henry J. Whitney, Patrick
T. Jackson, Francis Boyd, Thomas B. Frothingham, Otis
Everett, Theodore Frothingham, Edward A. Vose, and Ezra
Lincoln.
During the absence of the nominating committee some inter
esting anecdotes were related. Mr. Park announced that he

354

APPENDIX.

had received a letter from a medal scholar in Nantucket, dated

at that town as the " birthplace of the mother of Franklin."
Mr. Winthrop read one of the rules of the new Public
Library by which peculiar privileges are granted to Franklin
medal scholars.
The gentlemen present who received their medals prior to
181G were invited to come forward and enrol their names.
They were called by the President in the order of seniority,
and there were frequent bursts of applause, as so many gen
tlemen eminent in the community left their seats, one after
another, for this purpose.
Gideon F. Thayer, Esq., submitted the following resolution,
which was unanimously adopted:
Resolved, That the committee of eighteen by which this meeting
was called be authorized to call future meetings whenever they shall deem
it necessary or expedient; that they be particularly requested to take
measures in due time for a general gathering of the Franklin Medal
Scholars whenever the statue shall be ready to be inaugurated ; and that
said committee have power to fill vacancies and to enlarge their number.

Joseph Leeds, Esq., a medal scholar of the year 1810, now

resident in Philadelphia, related some interesting reminis
cences. In the course of his speech he remarked that there
is no monument to Franklin in Philadelphia, the city of his
adoption.
Hon. James Savage, a medal scholar of the year 1795,
made some remarks, which were listened to with much
interest.
Hon. William Parmenter, a medal scholar of the year 1799,
made an exceedingly entertaining speech. He said that his
medal, after having been carefully kept many years, was stolen
a short time since. He suggested that the president and sec
retary of the meeting, and the treasurer of the contributions,
be authorized to style any contributor a medal scholar in their
certificate when they should be satisfied that he really was such,

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

355

without the evidence of the medal.. This was agreed to by

vote of the meeting.
Hon. William B. Calhoun, of Springfield, expressed his
pleasure at being again among Boston boys, and suggested that
there should be a festival of the sons of Boston, under the
auspices of the medal scholars.
The suggestion evidently met with favor, and was referred
to the committee of eighteen alluded to in Mr. Thayer's reso
lution.
One of the happy results of this meeting was the establish
ment, on the day of inauguration, of an association, of which
Hon. Edward Everett is president, for the purpose of perpetu
ating the common bond by which the recipients of the Franklin
medals are united, and to ensure a periodical celebration of
Franklin's birthday. A list of all the Medal Scholars whose
names were on record, prepared by Mr. Charles Colburn,was
exhibited as the basis of a full catalogue.
Meetings of other societies, equally interesting, were held, in
view of aiding the project, and the most ardent wishes of
the Committee were realized. Many of the gentlemen of am
ple means liberally subscribed large amounts without delay,
which soon put to rest any doubt that might have existed as to
the question of procuring sufficient funds for accomplishing the
undertaking.
The Finance Committee, through its sub-committee, Messrs.
Thorndike and King, procured, for all subscribers of one dollar
and upwards, blank certificates of an exceedingly appropriate
design. The vignette was drawn by Mr. D. C. Johnson,
and engraved in a superior style, by the New England Bank
Note Company. It is owned by the North Bank, and the
privilege of using it was promptly and generously given by
the Board of Directors to the Finance Committee, who, in con
sequence, were enabled to issue the certificates without the
usual delay, and at a considerable saving of expense. It rep

356

APPENDIX.

resents in the distance a familiar view of the city of Boston, a

railroad train, a kite in the air, and telegraphic poles and
wires ; in the foreground, " Science " is represented by a female
figure, reposing one hand on a telegraphic apparatus, the other
supporting a medallion of Franklin, against which leans a kite,
with its string and key, the simple apparatus with which the
great philosopher drew the lightning from the clouds, and estab
lished its identity with electricity, thus suggesting a beau
tiful analogy between the kite string of Franklin and the
telegraphic wire of the present day.
The following is the inscription, the signatures being, in all
instances, engraved fac-similes :
" Honor to the memory of Benjamin Franklin. This is to certify
that
has contributed
dollars towards the erection of a
Statue of Benjamin Franklin in his native city of Boston.
F. W. LINCOLN, Jr.,
Pre.. M. c. M. AJBO.
ABBOTT LAWRENCE,
ROBERT C. WINTHROP,

]
I Executive
f Committee.
J

OSMYN BREWSTER, Treasurer."

The Finance Committee issued circular letters to the public

and private schools, similar to those sent to associations ; and,
on motion of Hon. Stephen Fairbanks, appointed Messrs.
Charles G. King, John H. Thorndike, Nathaniel B. Shurtlefl^
and the secretary, a committee to visit the various schools and
officers of the societies invited to cooperate. Messrs. J. Ingersoll Bowditch, George R. Russell, Thomas P. Gushing, Daniel
N. Haskell and Theophilus R. Marvin were appointed a com
mittee to take measures to solicit subscriptions from the citizens
generally, and from such societies and other bodies as had not
already been referred to other committees. Messrs. J. H.
Thorndike and the secretary were appointed a committee to
propose committees from merchants, and other business men;
and Messrs. Osmyn Brewster, Theophilus R. Marvin and Henry
W. Button, from master printers, bookbinders, and booksellers.

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

357

In order to secure contributions from the members of the

public schools, the following resolve and order were offered
in the Board of School Committee, by Nathaniel B. Shurtleff,
and passed on the seventh of February, 1854:
Resolved, That this Board cordially approve of the design of erect
ing a suitable monument to the memory of Benjamin Franklin, in the
place of his birth and early education, and where his name has been made
peculiarly dear by his munificence towards its most cherished institutions.
Therefore,
Ordered, That Sec. 22, of Chap. 1, of the Regulations of the Pub
lic Schools be suspended until April 1st, 1854, that boxes may be placed
in the public schools, under the care of sub-committees, for the purpose
of allowing the pupils to contribute their voluntary offerings towards
defraying the expense of the bronze statue of Franklin, that is to be
placed in some conspicuous position in this city, which has preeminently
shared in the benefits of the grand results produced by the labors, wisdom
and benevolence of this world-renowned philosopher, statesman, patriot,
and philanthropist.

The committees above named attended to their duties faith

fully, and in a short time the amount of subscription was con
siderable, and sufficient to warrant the Committee on Design
to proceed in the discharge of the duty which had been assigned
to them.
On the sixth day of June, 1854, the General Committee
held a meeting in one of the smaller rooms of the Tremont
Temple, at eight o'clock in the evening, and the following
members were present: Messrs. Lincoln, Winthrop, Law
rence, Harris, Fairbanks, Appleton, Smith, Brewster, Shurt
leff, Kuhn, Haskell, Tufts, Thorndike, Wightman and Bates.
The Mayor of the City, Hon. J. V. C. Smith, and the Presi
dent of the Common Council, Alexander H. Rice, Esq., were
also in attendance.
Hon. Mr. Winthrop, Chairman of the Committee on Design
and Execution, submitted the following report:

358

APPENDIX.

The Sub-Committee on the subject of a Design for the Statue of

Franklin beg leave to report as follows :
The early meetings of the Committee were much occupied with the
question, whether the Design should be opened to competition by a formal
offer of premiums, or whether the Committee should select an artist, in
whom they might have confidence, to prepare a design under their own
advice and direction. After careful deliberation it was finally decided,
that the latter course was liable to less objection, would be attended with
less delay, and was likely to result in better success, and the Committee
thereupon voted to select an artist to aid them in the preparation of a
design.
They had previously come to the understanding that the statue should
be an American work, and, as far as possible, a Massachusetts work,
designed and executed upon the soil of Massachusetts, and they were
desirous, too, that Boston, the native place of Franklin, should furnish
the artist.
In looking about for a person to fulfill these conditions, they were at
once attracted to Mr. Richard S. Greenough, who, though born a few
miles out of the present limits of our city, has been, in all his associations
and from his earliest childhood, a Bostonian, and who has given recent,
repeated, and abundant evidences of his genius for sculpture, and of his
capacity to execute such a work as this. They found Mr. Greenough
busily engaged in preparing his exquisite " Boy and Eagle " for being
cast in bronze, and otherwise much occupied. But he readily entered into
the views of the Committee, relinquished the work on which he was im
mediately engaged, and proceeded, at once, to prepare a design for the
statue of Franklin. Three gentlemen of the Sub-Committee, namely :
Dr. Bigelow, Mr. Wightman, and Mr. T. G. Appleton, were designated
to advise with Mr. Greenough on the subject, and, after much consultation
and careful study, he has now produced a statuette and a pedestal for the
inspection and approbation of the Committee.
The Sub-Committee on Design have had no hesitation in approving
and accepting the statuette, in the full belief that nothing more appro
priate or felicitous could be proposed. Some changes in the pedestal
have been suggested by Mr. Greenough himself, and by members of the
Committee, and they will be the subject of further consultation. In the
mean tune, as gentlemen of the Committee are likely to be leaving the
city for the summer, and as it may be difficult to procure meetings of so
large a number for some months to come, it has been thought desirable

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

359

that full powers should now be given to a Sub-Committee to proceed with

the work, to make all the necessary contracts, and to draw on the
Treasurer, from time to time, for such amounts as may be necessary.
With this view the design of Mr. Greenough is now presented for the
approbation of the General Committee, together with the following letter
from the accomplished artist explanatory of its character.
For the Committee,

ROBERT C. WINTHROP, Chairman.

Boston, June 6, 1854.
On motion of Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, the foregoing report
was unanimously accepted ; Messrs. Winthrop, Lawrence, Fair
banks, G. G. Smith, Harris, J. V. C. Smith and Shurtleff
advocating its adoption.

The letter of Mr. Greenough, referred to in the last clause

of the report, was as follows :
BOSTON, MAT 23, 1854.
My dear Sir : In presenting the study model for a monument to
Franklin, I beg leave to call your attention to some things which have
materially influenced the design.
I take it for granted that the strength of portraiture lies in fidelity of
likeness and truth of character, two separate statements of the same
essentials, neither existing without the other.
We find in the life of Franklin that he passed through many stations,
his character developing with every change. Possessing a mind capable
of absorbing whatever came within its reach, and guided by a faith in
truth, he soon gained the confidence of his countrymen, and soon a name
as a philosopher, a statesman, and man of letters. Of the many acts of
his life I do not find any one that stands without a rival as the character
istic act of the man. The reason is obvious ; his mind was too rich, and
his pursuits too liberal, to find their expression in a single act. I have
accordingly endeavored to treat my statue in harmony with his character
simply. I would have it thoughtful, dignified, of kindly expression, and
unconscious. In pursuing this course I am gratified to feel that the same
principle was observed in the most eminent portrait statues of antiquity.
The statues of Menander, Demosthenes, Sophocles and Agrippina are
signal examples in support of simplicity, always winning the attention,
because they do not appear to wish " to be seen of men."

3 GO

APPENDIX.

I might say much more, but fear to trespass upon your time, in
stating what may be self-evident.
In bas-relief is ample scope for the representation of the leading
events of Franklin's life. More pictorial than "the round," (as all
sculpture is technically called which does not depend upon a background
for support,) it permits compositions otherwise impossible. The four
panels upon the liase, measuring about three feet three inches square,
will enable the artist to illustrate as many of the prominent acts of Frank
lin's life, presenting a series of interesting historical incidents, and intro
ducing portraits of several of the distinguished persons with whom he
was associated. Commencing with his life in Boston, I would suggest as
the subject of the first bus-relief, FRANKLIN WORKING HIS PRESS : as
the second, EXPERIMENT IN ELKCTRICITT : for the third, SIGNING THE
DECLARATION 0 INDEPENDENCE : and lastly, CONCLUDING THE TREATY

OF PEACE, the crowning act to which so much of his life was devoted.
By this means, while the memory will be awakened to the importance of
his services, interest in the statue will be enhanced, each will reflect
upon the other. As it is important that the work be completed as
speedily as is consistent with faithful execution, I would propose that the
bas-reliefs be entrusted to such other sculptor or sculptors as your commitr
tee think capable.
While speaking of the time given for the execution of the work,
allow me to express a hope that there will be a generous allowance. The
time consumed in its production will soon be forgotten, but the character
of its execution will always be apparent.
With regard to the bronze eagles at the angles of the pedestal, I
would merely remark, that although not essentials to the design, they
would enrich its architectural effect, and add a certain state appropriate to
a civic monument.
In conclusion, allow me to thank you for the courtesy and liberality
with which your time has been given in our meetings upon this subject,
and trusting that I have said all that is necessary for the explanation of
my general views,

I remain, dear Sir, respectfully yours,

BICHAKD S. GEEENOUGH.
Hon. BOBERT C. WlNTHROP.

Statements from other committees, especially from that on

finance, represented everything in connection with the statue

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

361

as in a fair state of progress, and gave encouragement of

entire success.
On motion of John H. Thorndike, Esq., the following votes
were submitted for the action of the Committee, and were
unanimously passed:
Voted, That the Committee on " Design and Construction " be
entrusted with full powers to contract for the execution of the design for
the statue of Franklin, as presented in the statuette by Mr. Greenough,
exhibited this evening.
Voted, That they be instructed to make all necessary arrange
ments for a pedestal for th'e same, and that, agreeably to Mr. Greenough's
suggestion, as far as in their power, the " bas-reliefs" be designed by dif
ferent American artists.
Voted, That the Committee on Design and Construction be author
ized to draw upon the Treasurer for such sums of money as may be
necessary to meet their engagements, not exceeding, however, the amount
he may have received for this purpose.

At the request of Mr. Winthrop, and on his motion, it was

Voted, That the Chairman of the General Committee, (Mr. Lin
coln,) and the Chairman of the Finance Committee, (Mr. Lawrence,)
be, by virtue of their offices, members of the Committee on Design.

The statuette modelled by Mr. Greenough, and exhibited

by the Committee on Design, was intended simply as a rough
and unfinished sketch, to convey an idea of what the artist
proposed ; and, as such, it met with the decided approbation
of the members of the General Statue Committee who were
present at the meeting.
The artist having thus been engaged and the design of the
statue determined, and the subscriptions being in a thriving
way, no meeting of the Statue Committee was held until the
next anniversary of Franklin's birth. On this occasion, being
on the seventeenth of January, 1855, the Committee met in the
46

362

APPENDIX.

evening at the house of Hon. Mr. Winthrop, in Pemberton

Square.
There were present at this meeting, Messrs. Lincoln, Win
throp, Lawrence, Sears, Harris, G. G. Smith. Frothingham,
Thorndike, Brcwstcr, Kuhn, Clark, King, Chickering, Hooper,
Wightman, Marvin, Bigclow, Fairbanks and Bates, members of
the Statue Committee, and also the following, by virtue of
their respective offices : His Honor, J. V. C. Smith, Mayor of
the City, Joseph Story, Esq., President of the Common Coun
cil, Mr. Charles H. Woodwell, President of the Franklin Typo
graphical Society, and Mr. William F. Chester, President of
the Mechanic Apprentices Library Association.
The following report from the Committee on Design was
read by Hon. Mr. Winthrop, and, on motion of Mr. Wightman,
was accepted.
The Sub-Committee appointed to procure a design, and to superintend
the execution, of a Statue of Benjamin Franklin, submit the following
report:
It is already well known that a design was agreed upon by this Com
mittee, and approved by the General Committee, in the early part of last
summer. Agreeably to the authority thereupon conferred upon them,
your Committee entered at once into a contract with Mr. Richard S.
Greenough, of this city, for the execution of the statue. The contract
bears date the nineteenth of June last, and provides for the completion of
the work within the term of twenty-six months from that date. This
would secure the delivery of the statue on or before the nineteenth of
August, 1856. Mr. Greenough, however, has already made such pro
gress in his moulding, that there is every encouragement to believe that
the next anniversary of Franklin's birthday, (which will be the one hun
dred and fiftieth,) will find it not far from finished. There can be no
doubt that on the fourth of July, 1856, or on some other suitable day
of that summer, the statue will be in readiness to be placed on its pedestal.
It is to be cast at Chicopee, by Mr. Ames, and will thus be a wholly
American work, and, indeed, a wholly Massachusetts work. It is to cost,
when finished, the sum of $10,000.
The bas-reliefs for the base have not yet been formally contracted
for, but measures have been instituted for then- seasonable preparation.

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

363

Two of them will probably be furnished by Mr. Thomas Ball, of Boston,

and the other two by Mr. Greenough himself, and all of them are to be
cast either at Chicopee or in Boston. The cost of the four bas-reliefs will
not exceed $3,500.
The Committee have received proposals for the foundation, including
the granite and marble work, but have thought best to defer any final
contract until the place for the statue shall have been decided upon.
They estimate the entire cost of the foundation at not over S3, 000, but it
may be safer to allow for one, or even two thousand dollars additional, to
meet such incidental expenses as have attended, and may still attend, the
progress and completion of the work. Among these incidental expenses
will be that of a suitable iron fence around the statue.
Under all circumstances, the Committee feel confident that the sum
of $18,500 will cover the whole cost of the work committed to them.
Should a larger sum, however, be collected, the balance may be fitly em
ployed in establishing a fund to provide for keeping the grounds and
fence around the statue in proper order in all future years.
The Committee take a melancholy pleasure, on this occasion, in
acknowledging their obligation to the late venerable Isaac P. Davis,
whose funeral has been this day solemnized, for sundry memorials of
Franklin which have been of much service to them in selecting the
designs for the bas-reliefs. They have also been indebted to the Massa
chusetts Historical Society for the loan of the suit of clothes worn by the
illustrious Patriot and Philosopher on the memorable occasion of the
signing of the treaty of alliance with France, in 1778. These, together
with the model of the statue, are now submitted for the examination of
the Committee.
For the Sub-Committee,
ROBEET C. WINTHROP, Chairman.
January 17, 1855.

Hon. Mr. Lawrence, from the Committee on Finance, re

ported that between fifteen and sixteen thousand dollars had
been subscribed and collected ; and, with the exception of what
had been paid out, the whole amount had been safely invested
at interest. This amount was, in the opinion of the Commit
tee, sufficient for the completion of the statue; but that, in
order to mount it upon a proper pedestal, and arrange suitable

364

APPENDIX.

railings and accessories, a further sum of about four thousand

dollars would be required, and that this amount would be
called for from the public, and, undoubtedly, cheerfully con
tributed.
This report was enthusiastically received, and, on motion
of Isaac Harris, Esq., was accepted.
At the close of the business meeting, the Committee were
joined by several other gentlemen interested in the under
taking, who attended by invitation and were entertained in a
most cordial manner.
Two miniature models of the statue were exhibited to the
committee and company. One of these was prepared by Mr.
Greenough, the artist ; the other was a casting in bronze, by
Mr. Ames, of Chicopee. Both of the models elicited high
praise from the company.
There was also exhibited a suit of silk clothing worn by
Franklin at Paris, when he signed the treaty of alliance with
France, in 1778, belonging to the Massachusetts Historical
Society.
In the course of the evening, remarks were made by the
Chairman of the Statue Committee, Mr. Lincoln, and by Messrs.
Winthrop, Lawrence, Chickering, Harris, Thorndike, G. G.
Smith, Hooper, J. V. C. Smith and Fairbanks. The subject
of a proper place for the statue was discussed, but no proposal
to determine the question was offered.
The condition of the finances amply warranting it, the
artist proceeded at once to the work of making the model
from which the mould was to be taken for the bronze cast
ing; and so expeditiously was this portion of his work per
formed by the enthusiastic artist, that in the latter part of
the month of May the large model was sufficiently in form
for the inspection of the Committee.
Consequently the Statue Committee held a meeting at the
studio of Mr. Greenough, in the Trernont Temple, on the thir

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

365

tietli of May, 1855. There were present at this meeting,

Messrs. Lincoln, Winthrop, Lawrence, Harris, Sparks, Sears,
Prescott, Appleton, Hooper, Wightman, Tufts, Cowdin and
King; Joseph Story, Esq., President of the Common Coun
cil, and Carlos Pierce, Esq., President of the Mercantile
Library Association.
Statements were made concerning the progress of the sub
scriptions, and that the marble and granite requisite for the
pedestal and base had been contracted for.
After the gentlemen present had made a careful exam
ination of the model, Hon. Jared Sparks submitted the fol
lowing motion:
Voted, That the Committee entirely approve the model statue of
Franklin now on exhibition.

Remarks in support of the motion were made by Messrs.

Sparks, Lawrence, Sears, Winthrop and Harris, and the vote
was passed.
On motion of William H. Prescott, Esq., it was
Voted, That the day when the statue shall be inaugurated be deter
mined by the Committee on Design.

The decease of Hon. Abbott Lawrence, who, from the com

mencement of the undertaking, had been the efficient Chairman
of the Committee of Finance, made it necessary for that Com
mittee to choose a new chairman. At a meeting held on
the twelfth of October, 1855, on motion of Hon. Osmyn Brewster, it was accordingly
Voted, That the Honorable David Sears be appointed Chairman
of this Committee, in place of the late Mr. Lawrence.

Hon. Mr. Sears having accepted the appointment of the

Finance Committee, a meeting of that body was held on the

3GU

Al'l'KXUIX.

seventh of the subsequent November. The chairman made a

verbal statement, exhibiting the condition of the funds, and
expressing a desire that more money should be collected in
order to defray the expenses of the pedestal and bas-reliefs.
Whereupon, on motion of Hon. Stephen Fairbanks, it was
Voted, That in viw of the circumstances of the times, and the
fact that the present amount of funds in the hands of the treasurer is
insufficient to pay the cost of four bas-reliefs, this committee recom
mend that only one bas-relief be contracted for, and placed on the front
of the pedestal ; leaving the others to be added when the requisite funds
shall be obtained.

On motion of Daniel N. Haskell, Esq., it was

Voted, That Messrs. Robert C. Winthrop and Frederic W. Lin
coln, Jr., members of the Executive Committee, be ex officio members of
the Finance Committee.

The Statue Committee held a meeting at the house of Hon.

Robert C. Winthrop, in Pcmberton Square, on Thursday even
ing, the seventeenth of January, 1856, it being the one hundred
and fiftieth anniversary of Franklin's birth. The attendance
was large, the following members of the General Committee
being present : Messrs. Lincoln, Sears, Winthrop, Quincy,
Brewster, Sparks, Bigelow, Appleton, Harris, Haskell, Fair
banks, Stevenson, Sargent, Frothingham, Shurtleff, Wightman,
Marvin, Kuhn, Hooper, Tufts, Chickering, Darracott, Thorndike, Smith, King, Cowdin, Clark and Bates. In addition to
the above were His Honor, A. H. Rice, Mayor of the City,
Carlos Pierce, Esq., President of the Mercantile Library Asso
ciation, and Charles W. G. Mansfield, Esq., President of the
Franklin Typographical Society.
Hon. Mr. Winthrop presented the following statement
from the Committee on Design :

HISTORY OF THE ST.VTUE.

3G7

The full size model statue of Franklin was submitted to the General
Committee by the artist on the thirtieth of May last, and, on motion of
Mr. Sparks, was unanimously approved and adopted. After having been
detained, for a few weeks, for public exhibition, it was sent by the artist
to Mr. Ames, at Chicopee, to be cast in bronze.
Your Committee have no contract for the statue except that with
Mr. Greenough, and, by the terms of that contract, he is to deliver to us
a statue of Franklin in bronze on or before the nineteenth day of August
next, that being just twenty-six months after the date of our original
contract.
The Committee, however, have the satisfaction of knowing that con
siderable progress has been made in the casting, and that the statue will
be in readiness quite as early in the summer as can be desired. The
upper half has already been cast, and is in process of being finished.
The lower half will probably be cast in the course of a few weeks, and
should no unforeseen impediment present itself, the whole statue may be
ready for its pedestal by the first of June.
The state of Mr. Greenough's health and engagements has called him
to Europe, but, his part of the work being entirely done, there can be no
delay or injury arising out of his absence.
A considerable change has been made in the size and proportions of
the pedestal, since it was originally designed, and the Committee are
satisfied that both economy and elegance have been promoted by the
alteration.
Drawings of the pedestal now decided upon are herewith, submitted.
Separate contracts for the granite and marble work of this pedestal have
been made. The granite blocks are in the course of being wrought, and
will be in readiness at any time at which they could possibly be wanted.
Vexatious delays have occurred in obtaining the Verd Antique mar
ble, but the Committee have at length obtained satisfactory assurance that,
it will be seasonably furnished and prepared.
The Committee have entered into no contracts for the bas-reliefs. At
the last annual meeting it was understood that the funds already collected
would not suffice for the four bas-reliefs. But encouragement of the
strongest kind was given that the amount would be made up in the course
of the summer. The protracted illness and lamented death of the late
excellent Chairman of the Committee on Finance, (who was a member of
the Executive Committee, also,) prevented any concerted measures being
taken by that Committee until the state of the season, and of financial

368

APPENDIX.

affairs, rendered any efforts hopeless. The Committee of Finance, there

fore, under its new organization, recommended to this Committee, on the
seventh of November, that, in view of the circumstances of the times,
and of the present amount of funds in the hands of the treasurer, only
one bas-relief should be contracted for. As the annual meeting was not
distant, your Committee thought it safer to defer the subject altogether.
It was in contemplation that two of the bas-reliefs should be furnished
by Mr. Thomas Ball, and, on his departure for Europe, he took materials
fur preparing models accordingly. But no drawings of compositions have
yet been submitted by him, and the Committee would not have felt safe
in giving orders until the designs had been previously approved.
It is for the General Committee now to decide precisely what shall be
done; your Sub-Committee having determined from the first to enter
into no contracts, unless by express order, for which there was not money
actually in hand.
The four bas-reliefs might, perhaps, be ordered in plaster, and there
would, probably, be a sufficient sum to pay for them, leaving the cast
ing in bronze to be contracted for hereafter, whenever the funds for this
specific purpose should have been raised.
The cost of the four, entirely finished, was estimated at $3,500.
$3,200 would probably be sufficient. Of this sum about one half would
be the cost of casting. Four hundred dollars apiece, or at most, five
hundred, would pay for the composition and moulding.
The statue and pedestal will make a perfect work by themselves, and
may be set up without any regard to the bas-reliefs. Your Committee,
however, are very reluctant to abandon the plan of portraying the great
features of Franklin's history in the manner proposed. And they con
sider it due particularly to the mechanic interest, and to the people of
Boston, that he should be presented in the only relation which he ever
held to Boston as a permanent resident, namely, that of the printer's
apprentice at his press.
At the meeting of the third of May, it was voted that the Committee
on Design should fix the day for the inauguration of the statue. No action
has yet been had on this point. The seventeenth of June and the fourth
of July suggest themselves as obviously appropriate occasions. If any
thing should delay the statue until the full expiration of Mr. Greenongh's
contract, (the seventeenth of August,) the seventeenth of September,
the birthday of Boston, or the thud of September, when the definitive
treaty of peace and independence was signed by Franklin and his col

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

369

leagues, may be adopted. The locality of the statue must first, however,
be decided upon, and that subject has not yet been delegated to any
committee less than the whole number.
In conclusion, the Executive Committee have the gratification of offer
ing to the inspection of the Committee generally, a beautiful copy of the
model as finally perfected by Mr. Greenough, reduced to a quarter size,
and executed by Miss Florence Freeman, of this city. While it reflects
the highest credit upon the accomplished young lady by whom it was
moulded, it furnishes, also, a perfect fac-simile, in everything but size, of
the statue, as it will come from the foundry in Springfield.

Whereupon, on motion of Dr. Jacob Bigelow, the report was

unanimously accepted, and ordered to be placed on file.
Hon. Mr. Sears, from the Committee of Finance, made a
detailed report, showing that, although the funds so promptly
and generously subscribed were ample for the completion of
the statue, they were not sufficient for the casting of the four
tablets in bas-relief representing prominent scenes in Franklin's life, designed for the sides of the pedestal ; and that the
Committee had prudently voted to enter upon no contracts
beyond their resources.
Col. Thomas E. Chickering feelingly alluded to the recent
bereavement of the Committee in the decease of their late
associate, Hon. Abbott Lawrence, who had served very
efficiently as the Chairman of the Committee of Finance, and
offered the following resolution, which, on motion of Hon.
Stephen Fairbanks, was unanimously passed, each member sig
nifying his approval and respect to the memory of the deceased
by rising in his seat :
Resolved, That we miss on this occasion, with the deepest regret,
the familiar and genial presence of our late honored and beloved fellowcitizen, Abbott Lawrence, who had taken the liveliest and most active
interest in the work committed to us, and whose services, as one of the
Executive Committee, and as Chairman of the Committee of Finance, have
been so valuable in securing its successful completion.

370

APPENDIX.

Several vacancies having occurred in the General Com

mittee, by the decease of Hon. Abbott Lawrence and Thomas
P. Gushing, Esq., from the portion selected from the citi
zens at large, and of Mr. Kimball Gibson from the mem
bers of the Mechanic Association, and by the declining of
another person to serve, it was, 011 motion of Hon. Mr.
Winthrop,
Voted, That the vacancies existing in the General Committee be
filled.

Whereupon, Messrs. James Lawrence and G. Howland

Shaw were chosen on the part of the citizens at large, and
Messrs. Benjamin Loring and L. Miles Standish on the part of
the Association.
The President of the Board of Trade was also added, as
an ex-officio member of the Committee.
The vacancies having been thus filled, and the several addi
tions having been made to the Committee, the body was from
that time designated as the " Committee of Fifty " or the
"Franklin Statue Committee."
Conversation having arisen as to a suitable site for the
statue, at the suggestion of Isaac Harris, Esq., an expression
of the opinion of the Committee was taken by an informal
vote; whereupon, it appeared that the first choice of thirty
persons was as follows :
For the square in front of City Hall,
12
For the Common, near West Street,
8
For Pemberton Square,
4
For the place in front of the State House,
3
For the square in front of Scollay's Building, 1
For State Street,
1
For Franklin Place,
1
Other places were spoken of as second choices, such as the
Common opposite the new library building, and opposite Win
ter Street; and Haymarket Square.

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

371

Without taking any definite action, the whole subject was

referred to a Committee consisting of Messrs. Lincoln, Sears,
Winthrop, Sparks, Appleton, Fairbanks, and Hooper, who
were requested to consider the subject and report.
Hon. Jared Sparks offered some interesting remarks on the
subject of the bas-reliefs, and urged the importance of pro
viding the whole number originally intended ; whereupon it was
unanimously
Resolved, That the Executive Committee be instructed to contract
for the composition of the whole number of bas-reliefs originally intended
for the statue ; leaving them to be cast in bronze when the means shall
be provided.

In addition to the many beautiful and elegant objects which

are the permanent adornments of Mr. Winthrop's drawingrooms, a statuette of the Franklin statue was exhibited of
exceeding beauty and delicacy of finish. It was executed,
under the eye of Mr. Greenough, by a young lady of this city,
Miss Florence Freeman.
After partaking of the bountiful repast provided by Mr.
Winthrop, the meeting was dissolved.
On the afternoon of the seventeenth of April, 1856, the
Franklin Statue Committee held a meeting in the Mayor's
Room in City Hall, at which were present, Messrs. Lin
coln, Winthrop, Fairbanks, Appleton, Smith, Shurtleff, Clark,
Hooper, Lawrence, Standish, Haskell, Thorndike, King, Bigelow, Loring, Brewster and Bates, of the General Commit
tee, and, also, His Honor the Mayor, and Messrs. Beebe and
Woodwell, ex officio members.
The Sub-Committee which was appointed on the seven
teenth of January, to consider and report upon a suitable loca
tion for the statue, submitted, through Hon. Mr. Winthrop,
the following resolution:

372

APPENDIX.

Resolved, That the square in front of the City Hall, in School

Street, be the site for the statue of Franklin, provided satisfactory
arrangements for its security can be made with the city authorities, by
the committee of seven appointed at the meeting on the seventeenth
of January.

On motion of Hon. Mr. Brewster the resolution was

adopted, receiving the unanimous vote of the persons present.
Hon. Mr. Wiuthrop then offered the following resolution,
which was also adopted without a dissenting vote:
Resolved, That the seventeenth day of September next be the
day for inaugurating the statue ; and that the same committee make
preparations for a becoming ceremonial on the occasion, with authority to
appoint any sub-committees which may become necessary from the com
mittee at large.

It was proposed at first to amend this resolution, by adding

to it a formal request that Mr. Winthrop deliver an inaugural
address on the occasion ; but, at his desire, the whole subject
was left to the Committee.
At this meeting it was announced that the statue had been
cast, and, though in an unfinished state, was ready for in
spection by the committee, and a considerable number of the
members proceeded to the Chicopee foundry the next day to
examine it.
The Sub-Committee of seven, on the twenty-fifth of the same
month, made a communication to His Honor, Mayor Rice, which
was transmitted by him, on the twenty-eighth, to the City Coun
cil, and met with a favorable reception ; a full detail of which
will be found on the preceding pages of the Memorial.
On the last mentioned day, the Finance Committee held a
meeting, at which James Lawrence and G. Howland Shaw,
Esquires, were chosen to fill existing vacancies. At this meet
ing, on motion of John H. Thoradike, Esq., it was

HISTORY OF THE STATUE.

373

Voted, That the Executive Committee be requested to consider

the expediency of preparing for publication a history of the statue
of Franklin, and the proceedings of the Committee charged with its
construction.

Preparatory to the inauguration of the statue, the Com

mittee of Fifty held a meeting on the afternoon of Tuesday,
the ninth day of September, 1856. The following named
members of the committee were present : Messrs. Lincoln,
Winthrop, Fairbanks, Brewster, Bigelow, Shurtleff, Hooper,
Harris, Smith, Lawrence, Cowdin, Thorndike, Loring, Haskell, Tufts, Clark, King, Standish, Kuhn, Blanchard and
Bates ; and, also, James M. Beebe, Esq., the President of the
Board of Trade, the President of the Mechanic Apprentices
Library Association, and the President of the Franklin Typo
graphical Society.
The sub-committee of seven reported the result of their
commission, presenting a copy of their letter to the Mayor,
and the subsequent action thereon by the City Council, together
with the order of exercises for the inauguration; and the
report was, on motion of Mr. Harris, accepted, and the action
of the committee unanimously approved.
It having been stated at the meeting that most of the socie
ties and associations would appear in the procession with some
distinguishing mark, on motion of Hon. Stephen Fairbanks,
it was
Voted, That the Secretary be authorized to procure and send to
each member of the Committee a badge, to be worn on the occasion,
with the words, " Franklin Statue Committee " printed upon it.

Messrs. Lincoln, Winthrop, Sears, Hooper, Brewster and

Thorndike, were appointed a committee with full powers to
examine the statue after its arrival in Boston, and, if in their
opinion satisfactory, then formally to approve and accept the
same.

874

APPENDIX.

This last service was duly performed by Messrs. Hooper

and Thorndike, in behalf of the committee and at their
request, previous to the inauguration of the statue.
The statue was brought to the city on Friday, the twelfth
day of September, and, under the direction of the same gen
tlemen, was placed upon its pedestal early the next morning,
properly encased and hidden from view until the signal was
given, during the inaugural services, for its being unveiled.
The statue having thus been inaugurated on the seven
teenth of September, 1856, nothing now remains for the com
pletion of the duty assigned to the committee, except the
preparation and insertion of the bas-reliefs in the four sides
of the pedestal. This portion of the work is in such a sat
isfactory state of progress that it is hoped that the final duties
of the Statue Committee will be terminated before another
birthday of the great Bostonian.

DESCRIPTION OF THE STATUE.

The statue is eight feet in height, and is cast in bronze of

a rich, golden color. Franklin is represented in the costume
of the age in which he lived, the dress being modelled from
that belonging to the Massachusetts Historical Society, and
which was worn by the great original while at the court
of France, and has the appearance of being trimmed with
fur, a kind of ornament very much used by Franklin in
his advanced life. The attitude of the figure is easy, and
yet exhibits a firm and manly form. Under the left arm is
held a continental hat, while the right hand holds a rep
resentation of the old crab-tree walking stick which Franklin
bequeathed to Washington, with such honorable mention in his
last will. The foundation of the statue is from the picture of
Duplessis, the form and lineaments of the head and face being
taken from the original bust by Houdon, once the valued prop
erty of Jefferson, but now, by the gift of Joseph Coolidge, Esq.,

DESCRIPTION OF THE STATUE.

375

one of the choice treasures of the Boston Athenaeum. The

expression of the face is singularly placid and benignant, while
at the same time it is thoughtful and dignified, and seemingly
unconscious of the public gaze. The personification of the
great original is not so much that of the renowned statesman
and practical philosopher, as of the man and citizen, in the
simple repose of virtue and honesty, bearing the marks of true
mental greatness. The base of the bronze which supports the
statue has cut upon its western face the words " R. S. Greenough fecit," and upon the easterly face an inscription denoting
that the cast was made by the Ames Manufacturing Company
of Chicopee.
The statue stands upon a beautiful pedestal, wrought from
Verd Antique marble, and supported upon a granite basement,
both designed by Henry Greenough, Esq., a brother of the
artist of the statue.
The basement upon which the pedestal is placed is formed
of two blocks of massive Quincy granite. The lower, or
foundation stone, is about seven feet square, and the upper
about six feet square ; both together being four and one half
feet in height. The four faces of the granite have the follow
ing inscriptions :
On the south side, fronting School Street,
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN,
'

BORN IN BOSTON, 17 JANUARY, 1706.

DIED IN PHILADELPHIA, 17 APRIL, 1790.

On the north side, fronting the City Hall,

ERIPUIT CCELO FULMEN SCEPTRUMQUE TYRANNIS.

On the east side,

DECLARATION OF AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE,
4 JULY, 1776.

376

APPENDIX.

And on the west side,

THE TREATY OP PEACE AND INDEPENDENCE,
3 SEPTEMBER, 1783.

The pedestal, which stands upon the granite basement, is

constructed in three parts, neatly jointed with each other, and
secured together by strong cement. The material is Verd
Antique marble, and was obtained from the quarries in the
town of Roxbury, in the state of Vermont. The base meas
ures four feet six and one half inches square, and one foot in
height, and is composed of several members plinth, torus,
fillet, and cavctto, the latter connecting it with the die. The
die is four feet square, horizontally measured, and three feet
and six inches in height ; and it contains on each of its four
faces a sunken panel, for the four bronze bas-reliefs, which are
hereafter to be inserted in their places when completed. The
bas-reliefs have been assigned to two different artists, and will
represent prominent scenes in the life and public career of
Franklin ; the one in front will exhibit Franklin at his press,
and will be executed at the expense of the Massachusetts
Charitable Mechanic Association; the one in the back panel
will show Franklin and his kite drawing electricity from the
clouds ; the third, for the eastern panel, will represent Frank
lin signing the Declaration of Independence ; and the fourth,
for the remaining panel, will present Franklin signing the
definitive treaty of peace and independence with Great
Britain. The two former are to be executed by Richard
S. Greenough, Esq. ; the two latter by Thomas Ball, Esq.,
a resident Bostonian, who lias already acquired an enviable
reputation as an artist. The cap measures four feet eight and
one half inches on each of its four sides, and one foot in
height ; and is composed of fillet, ovolo, facia, apophyges and
fillet, forming the abacus, six inches high ; and a flat chamfer
above the abacus, united by a quick curve, at a depth of
thirteen and one quarter inches, to a shaft two feet and six

NOTICE OF THE ARTIST.

377

inches square, for the base of the statue, takes up the remain
ing six inches. The connecting joints of the three parts of
the pedestal are above the fillet of the cap, and below the
fillet of the base, thereby making it necessary that these
fillets should be raised in the stone of which the die is
formed, and with which they are connected by graceful curves.
The abacus is exactly of the same size as the fillets, (three
quarters of an inch,) and shows, with them, the high finish and
cohesive quality of the marble. The whole height of the
pedestal is five feet and six inches. The Verd Antique used
for its construction weighed about twelve tons when taken
from the quarry, and about ten tons when worked. It was
wrought into form by Joseph Carew, Esq., at his workshop
in Harrison Avenue, who is deserving of much praise for
the artistic, faithful and prompt manner in which he per
formed the very arduous and important work.
The basement and pedestal occupying about ten feet in
height, the whole elevation of the statue, with its support, is
about eighteen feet.

NOTICE OF THE ARTIST.

The following facts relating to the personal history of the

accomplished sculptor, by whose artistic skill the statue of
Franklin has been produced, are derived from authentic
sources ; and it is hoped that the propriety of giving to the
public a brief outline of the life and labors of the young and
gifted artist will not be questioned, nor considered as tres
passing too much upon the sacred privacy of one who has so
indelibly connected himself with the fine arts of his home ; and
especially when given in connection with the history and
description of one of his principal works, which has become
now one of the historical landmarks of the city of his edu
cation.

378

APPENDIX.

Richard Saltonstall Grecnough, Esq., was born at Jamaica

Plain, Roxbury, Mass., on the twenty-seventh of April, 1819.
He is the youngest of eleven children, (five sons and six
daughters,) of David and Elizabeth Greenough. In boyhood
he gave strong indications of a taste and capacity for the fine
arts, particularly by his love of music, which was developed at
a remarkably early period of life ; for before he could speak
plainly he frequently sung simple ballads in perfect time and
tune, to an accompaniment played on the piano by his sisters.
A correct ear for time and tune, and the enjoyment of musical
harmony, have been considered by good judges as among the
strongest evidences of an artistic organization. Bartolini, the
late celebrated Florentine sculptor, whenever a young pupil
was presented to him for instruction, instead of examining
specimens of what he had done, used to ask the lad to whistle
some tune he was familiar with, and if the trial showed a cor
rect ear, he would say, " You have the capacity, if you choose
to study."
During his father's residence at Jamaica Plain, Mr. Greenough was placed at the school of Mr. Charles W. Greene ; and
on the removal of the family to Boston he entered the public
Latin school, where he remained until he had attained the age
of about seventeen years. At this time, having declined a col
lege education, for which he was amply prepared, he was
placed by his father in the counting-room of two elder brothers,
who were then in active business as commission merchants, in
Boston ; and it is a curious coincidence, that his Excellency,
Governor Gardner, who was present officially at the inaugura
tion of Greenough's statue of Franklin, was also at the same
time in the same mercantile house.
Although carefully attentive to his duties during the time
spent with his brothers, he began, especially during the last
year of that time, to show a strong inclination for the pro
fession which he afterwards chose. Much of his time was
spent in modelling and drawing. The example of his elder

NOTICE OF THE ARTIST.

379

brother, Horatio, the advantages of hearing matters relating to

art daily discussed at home, and a consequent familiarity with
the requirements of art, spared him the necessity of blindly
groping his way, or misdirecting his studies. His progress was
steady and healthful. In 1836 "his father died, and in 1837-8,
young Richard being now at the age of eighteen or nineteen,
an age when he might be supposed capable of choosing his
path in life, his brothers decided to send him to Europe, to
pursue the profession of sculpture, under the guidance of his
well known brother, Horatio. He accordingly embarked in a
vessel bound from Boston to Trieste. After visiting Venice
he proceeded, by that most charming of routes, through Padua,
Ferrara and Bologna, to Florence. Here he immediately com
menced a regular course of study, drawing and modelling from
life, and studying anatomy. In the rich galleries of Flor
ence, and the numerous studios of eminent artists, he daily
breathed that atmosphere of art for which genius pines and
withers elsewhere. His health, however, began to fail in the
course of a year, and he returned to Boston, where he soon
regained his health, and resumed his studies. The first work
which recommended him to the public, was a marble bust of
William H. Prescott, Esq., the historian, casts of which are so
common in Boston. From this time he was constantly em
ployed in executing portraits or fancy heads, and occasionally
a statuette.
In the year 1848, having married two or three years pre
viously, he embarked for Europe, with his wife. He remained
in Florence only sLs or seven months, and thence proceeded to
Rome, where he established himself for four or five years.
While at Rome he was constantly employed. Among his
works at this time might be mentioned numerous portraits in
marble, a statue of Cupid warming an icicle with his torch,
now in the possession of John A. Lowell, Esq., and the model
of a group representing the struggle of a shepherd boy with
an eagle whose nest he had robbed. The plaster model of this

380

APPENDIX.

group received its finishing touches in Boston, "whither he

returned in September, 1853. On its completion it was cast
in bronze at Chicopcc, Mass., at the foundry of Messrs. Ames,
and was exhibited at the Boston Athenaeum gallery.
The success of this work probably induced the Franklin
Statue Committee to apply to him for a design of the statue.
This was immediately modelled, and a contract was made for
the statue. On its completion Mr. Greenough returned to
Europe, and established himself in Paris, where he is now
engaged in executing several commissions, the principal one of
which is a marble statue of John Winthrop, under whose lead
as Governor, the Company of the Massachusetts Bay, with the
original charter, was transferred to New England in 1630,
which is to be placed in the chapel at Mount Auburn.
Two of Mr. Grcenough's brothers, Horatio and John, have
been favorably known to the public by their skill in sculpture
and painting, and their early deaths have been greatly lamented.
Another brother, Henry, has made himself distinguished by his
well known good taste in architecture and the kindred arts.
Long may the life of the artist of the Franklin statue be
spared to earn new laurels, and enrich his native state with
choice works of genius and art, and imperishable memorials of
illustrious benefactors of the human race.

LETTERS IN ANSWER TO INVITATIONS.

Invitations to attend the ceremonies of inauguration of the

statue were sent to the descendants, and many of the relatives
of Franklin, and to distinguished persons in various parts of
the United States who had exhibited peculiar interest in raising
a memorial to his memory, and also to the city authorities of
Philadelphia, the city of his early choice and adoption, and in
which he passed a large portion of his maturer years, and
where he acquired his fame for industry, for the practical vir

REPLIES TO INVITATIONS.

381

tues, for philosophical investigations, and for patriotism and

statesmanship. It was deeply regretted that circumstances
which could not hare been foreseen prevented the seasonable
transmission and reception of some of the invitations, and that
the occasion was deprived of the presence of more than one
of the nearest relatives of Franklin by the accident of a mis
taken address. By a letter received from Hon. William J.
Duane soon after the festival, it appeared that nothing but
such an accident had prevented the oldest surviving descend
ant of Franklin, with her husband, from being present. The
following letters were among the answers received.
Coast Survey Station,
M. Desert, Maine, Sept. 12, 1856.
Dear Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your
invitation of the tenth instant, to attend the ceremonies of the inauguration
of the statue of Benjamin Franklin, on the seventeenth ; and regret ex
tremely that arrangements connected with my coast survey duties, and
which I cannot now change, must prevent my attendance on that very
interesting occasion.
Very respectfully yours,
FARNHAM PLUMMER, Esq.,
A. D. BACHE.
Chairman, &c.

Philadelphia, Sept. 12, 1856.

Dear Sir, I have just received your letter, inviting me to partici
pate in the ceremonies at the inauguration of the statue of Franklin, to
take place in your city on the seventeenth instant. It is with extreme
regret that I have to say that my engagements here are such as to put it
out of my power to attend. Under other circumstances it would have
given me great pleasure to witness this demonstration, on the part of the
citizens of Boston, in honor of my great ancestor.
Very respectfully yours,
FKANKLIN BACHE.
FARNHAM PLUMMER, Esq.,
Chairman, &c.

382

APPENDIX.
Sydenham, near Philadelphia, Sept. 14, 1856.

Dear Sir, The very obliging invitation of the Committee of Arrange

ments, which you have had the goodness to convey to me, to participate iu
the ceremonies of the seventeenth instant at the inauguration of Frank
lin's statue at Boston, merits my best acknowledgments. I appreciate
under their largest aspects the interest and solemnity of the occasion,
which will be greatly enhanced by the ceremony occurring on the anni
versary of the settlement of Boston; and I proportionably lament my
inability to be present.
Tendering my sincere and grateful thanks to the Committee for the
honor of the invitation, I pray you, dear Sir, to believe me,
Most respectfully, your obedient servant,
BJCHAKD RUSH.
To FARNHAM PLUMMER, Esq.,
Chairman of the Committee.

New York, Sept. 12, 1856.

To the Hon. FARNHAM PLUMMER, Chairman.
Dear Sir, I have just received your kind invitation to unite in the
celebration of the seventeenth instant, for the inauguration of the statue
of Franklin, at Boston. No one can be more alive to the honor you have
thus conferred on me, and no one can more deeply regret that circum
stances of a peculiar nature may possibly forbid my participation in so
signal an event. If, however, I can accomplish it, I shall assuredly be
with you on so patriotic and solemn an occasion. I rejoice, with a satis
faction unspeakable, that Massachusetts has at length brought herself to
the performance of a duty too long neglected, and that that noble and
distinguished State, so rich in intellectual and moral worth, is now about
to give a demonstration worthy of the occasion which has summoned her
great and good men to do homage to that most illustrious and exalted
character. Prolific as your indigenous excellence may be, neither your
historical associations nor your philosophical records contain another mor
tal who can approach the tablet on which is inscribed the name of
Franklin. He is one of those few creations which God, in his infinite
beneficence, gives to a nascent nation, as their aid and counsellor, effect
ively to rear up their moral, their physical, and their intellectual greatness.
On the broad foundation of his intuitive sagacity and ethical principles,

REPLIES TO INVITATIONS.

383

the whole republic must ever recognize Mm as their great and exalted
instructor ; and philosophy looks in vain for another being equally pro
found and sublime in her researches into the hidden mysterie^ of nature.
He stands alone as the discoverer and expositor of an entire science,
whose laws he has expounded with the keenest perception of her wondrous
powers. To no other individual recorded in human annals can such an
award be granted. And it may be added, that unlike all other discov
erers in vast concerns, no one has ever dared to impugn the originality of
his investigations and the exclusive right on which they rest. This,
indeed, is a rare felicity in an age which has attempted to deprive even
Luther of his Old Hundred psalmody ; which has awakened new conten
tions in the mathematical world touching the special merits of Leibnitz
and Newton ; the claims of Servetus and of Harvey ; the originality of
Sir Humphrey Davy.
Yes : there was one occurrence in his varied life which seemed for a
moment to disturb the placid tenor of his great career, and which I must
not forget The contest which sprung up among the electricians at that
eventful period in American history, when the insurgent colonists had
awakened to the study of their inherent rights, was coincident with the
recognition of Franklin's merits with his sharp pointed conductors, and
with the British opposition thereto, urged by political motives and regal
countenance. In answer to the presumptuous request of George HI.
made to Pringle, Sir John fearlessly replied, " Sire, I cannot reverse the
laws and operations of Nature;" a noble reply, which, however, lost him
the presidency of the Royal Society ; but yet, most opportune for our
beloved Franklin, a higher arbiter than Sir John aided in his relief, and
cleared away all doubts. A thunderbolt received by a blunt conductor
produced a destructive scene among his Majesty's magazines of naval and
military stores, and left Franklin with the argument of Jove to confirm
the truth in this electrical quarrel ; and how calmly he expresses himself
at this eventful moment in his brilliant career. " I never," says he, " en
tered into any controversy in defence of my philosophical opinions. I
leave them to take their chance in the world. If they are right, truth
and experience will support them ; if wrong, they ought to be refuted and
rejected." With God on his side now, as he was when he encountered
the subtle Wedderburne, the serene and benevolent sage ever preserved
his wonted equanimity in the zenith of his highest earthly success.
If we contemplate Franklin as our political father, we find that in the
gravest difficulties his wisdom was our guide; we hail him as the original

S84

APPENDIX.

projector of our Union ; as our mentor in our revolutionary struggle, and

the negotiator of our triumphant peace. In whatever capacity we study
him, from his juvenile pui>-uits as a humble printer, through the whole
range of hb* extraordinary life, down to the close of his advanced mortal
existence, we recognize his heroic perseverance amidst greatest difficulties,
his incorruptible integrity, and his lofty patriotism. Common sense
reigns dominant in every act and in every sentiment. His aphorisms,
deduced from life and letters, are fraught with the wisdom of Solon,
and, though debarred the privileges of classical education, his writings,
even in abstract disquisitions, are stamped with a beauty of diction and a
clearness and simplicity of style that the ripest Oxonian might essay to
rival. But it is unnecessary here to enlarge. He has, years ago, found
worthy memorialists of his consummate services for the benefit of all
time in the tributes to bis genius from the loftiest minds of both hemi
spheres; and your scholars, Sparks, Everett and Winthrop, with many
others, have commemorated his life and his actions in strains of strongest
laudation.
As true Bostonians your people must have long taken delight in
gathering up the incidents of the early life and juvenile period of Frank
lin, in the city of his birth. I hope they may in season find a suitable
record : and Philadelphia, who has so largely profited by his counsels
and his works, honored as she is as the depository of his sacred remains,
cannot much longer continue silent on a theme which challenges fuller
inquiry of a life that so prominently displayed itself for her benefit and
renown. When a boy, I had the Glasgow edition of Franklin's Autobi
ography given me. Lost in wonder at his industry, his economy, his
achievements and his philanthropy, I soon hastened to the conclusion that
he was the man of his age, and the first of mortals; nor have the experi
ence and reading of more than half a century led to a different conclu
sion. With such feelings I have, therefore, studied what I could of
Franklin in New York : you doubtless remember the account he gives of
his first interview with Gov. Burnett, and his subsequent correspondence
with Lieut. Gov. Golden. Some forty-five years ago I diligently read
that voluminous interchange of opinions and sentiments which that corres
pondence contains. Then was brought to light the circumstance of his
being the projector of the American Philosophical Society, by the publi
cation of his proposals, and the agency he had with Golden in the
discovery of his process of stereotyping, afterwards adopted by Didot. I
found, by examination of his letters, that some of his most brilliant

REPLIES TO INVITATIONS.

385

experiments in- electricity were made in New York, and that his observa
tory was the steeple of the New Dutch Reformed Church, now occupied
as our post office ; that he was lamentably in want of proper apparatus
to prosecute his investigations, and that, finding no competent artisan to
do the work, with characteristic energy, he with his own hands completed
an electrical machine which effectively answered his purpose. His delec
table companionship with Alexander, the lawyer, with John Stevens, a
name associated with railway projects, with Dr. John Bard, with Presi
dent Johnson, of King's College : his occasional dinners with the patriotic
Col. Henry Rutgers, &c., are among the reminiscences furnished me
some forty years since, by our then " oldest inhabitants." The last time
he appeared in New York, about 17889, he was impeded in his pedes
trian movements by large multitudes at different stations, who saluted
him with reverential courtesy. At the head of Wall Street, in Broad
way, opposite the portico of old Trinity Church, the throng of people
was great irideed. His costume was like that set forth in the French
statuette, that familiar ornament of so many rooms and studies. Wihen
we had our Croton Water Works Celebration Franklin's old London
printing press moved in procession, and was used in striking off notices
of the great ceremony. I have now before me the walking cane he used
in his occasional exercise in Philadelphia, near the time of his last fatal
illness. It was given me by Mr. Phillips, a young man who received
some notice from Franklin.
You must tell Mr. Sparks that within the last six weeks I have dis
covered, in the possession of a professional gentleman now among us, an
original oil miniature portrait of Franklin, well executed by Stibbs. It
was done when Franklin was last at Trenton, N. J. The costume is like
that of Martin's ; he appears considerably older, and with longer flowing
locks.
On my first visit to Sir Joseph Banks, in London, in 1816, he
remarked, " You, Sir, are of the country of Franklin," and pointed
to his portrait; and I found this expression not unfrequently used
abroad when Americans were addressed : a vast nation baptized in his
name !
I hasten to conclude this long letter with a sentiment which I once
gave at the Franklin Typographical Association of this city. I would
offer a better were I able :
" FJectricity : The Mercury of the elements, whose rapid movement
and infinite adaptation are typical of American genius : Franklin brought
40

386

APPENDIX.

him from Heaven, and Morse taught him to carry the messages of
Earth."
With profound regard and esteem, your obedient servant,

JOHN W. FRANCIS.

Franklin Square, New York, Sept. 15, 1856.

My dear Sir, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your
invitation to attend the inauguration of the statue of Franklin, on the
seventeenth instant.
I had fully resolved to avail myself of your kind invitation ; for no
private business should have prevented me from being present upon the
occasion when the good city of Boston, on the anniversary of its settle
ment, honors itself by thus worthily honoring its great citizen, Benjamin
Franklin.
But, deeply to my regret, I have been appointed Foreman of the
Grand Jury of the U. S. Supreme Court, now in session in this city ;
and this renders it wholly beyond my power to be absent from New
York, even for a day.
Permit me to congratulate the City of Boston upon its possession of
this noble monument ; and accept my warmest thanks for the honor you
have conferred upon me.
With ttinnlfH and respects,
Your obedient servant,
To FARNHAM PLUMMER, Esq.,
Chairman, &c.

JAMES HARPER.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

The following list embraces all the names of the contributors

to the subscription for procuring the statue, and its pedestal
and bas-reliefs, that have come to the knowledge of the Treas
urer, and has been prepared and furnished by him for publica
tion. The names of several persons, chiefly among the Franklin
medal scholars, who have been deceased for many years, appear
in the list, contributions having been made in their names by
relatives or friends. The sums subscribed have, severally,

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

387

varied from one dollar to three "hundred; though smaller

amounts have been collected through the medium of boxes
without the names of the more humble donors.
Abbot Ezra Lincoln
Abbott George W. & Co.
Abbott Henry W.
Adams Edward F.
Adams Edward L.
Adams Gardiner
Adams Henry
Adams John Q.
Adams Nathaniel
Adams 0. J.
Adams Seth
Adams Simeon P.
Adams William
Adler John
Ainsworth J. F.
Alden L. C.
Alden William C.
Alexander Ebenezer
Alexander Whittaker
Alger Cyrus
Allen Calvin
Allen Charles H.
Allen Francis G.
Allen G.
Allen Harriet E.
Allen Henry F.
Allen Samuel R.
Allen W. E.
Allen Washington
Allen, Whiting, Lane
Alley Charles R. N
Allyn John
Altny Henry
Almy John P.

Almy Robert B.
Almy Thomas R.
Almy William F.
Amee John
Ammidown Holmes
Amory Charles
Amory William
Anderson Alexander
Andrews A. A.
Andrews Robert
Andrews William T.
Appleton Caroline Leroy
Appleton Charles H.
Appleton Daniel W.
Appleton George W.
Appleton Harriot.
Appleton Julia F.
Appleton Nathan
H.
Appleton Samuel A.
Appleton Samuel, Jr.
Appleton Thomas G.
Appleton William
Arklay Jessie
Arklay Patrick
Arklay Walter
Armington H. E.
Armstrong George W.
Armstrong William C.
Aspinwall Augustus
& Washburn Aspinwall Samuel
Atherton B. F.
Atherton, Stetson & Co.
Atkins C. B.
Atkins, Stedman & Co.

388

APPENDIX.

Atkinson B. C.
Atkinson Edward
AtweU Charles B.
Atwood Charles H.
Austin Edward
Austin J. Whitney
Austin James T.

Austin S. H.
Austin Samuel
Austin, Sumner & Co.
Austin Thomas
Austin William K.
Ayer Daniel
Ayling Henry A.

Babcock
Babcock
Babcock
Babcock

Baldwin W. H.
Baldwin & Stone
Ball Charles W.
Ballard Frederick L.
Ballard Joseph
Banchor & Boyden
Bancroft Joseph H.
Bangs Isaiah
Banker & Carpenter
Bannister John F.
Barbam R. H.
Barnard Charles & Brothers
Barnard David
Barnes C. B.
Barnes Joseph H.
Barnes Thomas P.
Barnett Mary E.
Barnett Robert
Barney Christopher C.
Barrett E. T.
Barry Charles C.
Barry Charles Thomas
Barry Henry
Barry Horace W.
Barry James
Barry John L.
Barry M. 0.
Bartlett Harriet M.
Bartlett Hosea

Charles A.
Charles Augustus, Jr.
Francis Eaton
John G.

Balx:ix:k & Coolidge

Bacon 1). G. & W. B.
Bacon Daniel, Jr.
Bacon George
Bacon John, Jr.
Bacon Robert

Bacon Z. M.
Badger Daniel B.
Badger Joseph W.
Bailey Alton H.
Bailey Edwin C.
Bailey Henry E.
Bailey Job F.
Bailey Joseph T.
Baird George
Baker Alphonso
Baker Ezra H.
Baker Frederic
Baker G. A.
Baker I. F.
Baker Theodore
Balch Edward L.
Balch Joseph W.
Balch William Y.
Baldwin Aaron
Baldwin Albert
Baldwin Luke, Jr.

Bartlett T. P.
Bartol Elizabeth H.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

Barton W. K.
Bass Moses
Bass 8. G.
Batchelder M. C.
Batchelder, Hani) & Co.
Bates James
Bates James W.
Bates John
Bates John A., Jr.
Bates Joseph L.
Bates Samuel D.
Baxter George, Jr.
Baxter James F. G.
Baxter John J.
Baxter Thompson
Bayley Charles H.
Bazin Thomas H.
Beal Benjamin
Beal George W.
Beal Thacher
Beal Warren S.
Beals Samuel
Seals William
Bean Aaron H.
Beard A. W.
Bedlington Samuel M.
Beebe Francis L.
Bell James B.
Bellamy William
Bellows George L.
Bemis Isaac
Bemis William A.
Bennett F. E.
Bennett J.
Benson F. A.
Benson M. D.
Bent A. A.
Betteley Albert
Bigelow Abraham 0.

389

Bigelow Clara
Bigelow Francis B.
Bigelow Horatio
Bigelow John
Bigelow John P.
Bigelow Frescott
Billings William G.
Binney B. S.
Binney Matthew
Birchard Charles
Bird I. A.
Bird Joshua P.
Bird W. 2d
Blake George P.
Blake George T.
Blake, Howe & Co.
Blake Pinson
Blake William
Blakeman William
Blanchard, Converse & Co.
Blanchard Edward
Blanchard George S.
Blanchard Hezekiah
Blanchard Thomas
Blasland Edward B.
Bliss E.
Bliss J. W.
Block Abraham F.
Blodget John W.
Blodgctt H. W. H.
Blodgett I. D.
Bogle William
Bogman & Kimball
Boise L. D.
Bond Charles
Bond Joseph C.
Bond Richard F.
Bond William Cranch
Bonney Pelham

300

APPENDIX.

Borrowscale John
Bosworth Hiram
Botliamly George
Bouv6 Thomas T.
Bowditch J. Ingersoll
Bowditch Nathaniel I.
Bowdlear S. G.
Bowen Francis
Bowen George
Bowen William F.
Bowers John L.
Bowthorp E. T.
Boyd James
Boyd James Patten
Boyd Joseph
Boyden Dwight
Boynton W. B.
Brackett I. Louis
Brackett Jeffrey R.
Bradbury John H.
Bradford Frederick A.
Bradford Lodovick H.
Bradford Martin L.
Bradish A. H.
Bradish N. I.
Bradlee F. H.
Bradlee James B.
Bradlee Josiah
Bradlee Nathaniel J.
Bradleo Samuel
Bradley Benjamin
Bradley H. S.
Bradley J. W.
Bragg S. A. B.
Bramhall William
Breck Joseph & Son
Breed Aaron
Breed Horace A.
Brewer Clark

Brewer Gardner
Brewer John R.
Brewer Oliver T.
Brewer Otis
Brewster Osmyn
Briggs Billings
Briggs George W.
Brigham E. D. & Co.
Brigham John
Brigham William H.
Brimmer Martin
Brooks Benjamin F.
Brooks Charles Henry
Brooks George
Brooks N. P.
Brooks W. G.,Jr.
Brooks William G.
Brooks Williams B.
Brown Augustus
Brown Benjamin H.
Brown Charles W.
Brown E,
Brown Edwin
Brown F. H.
Brown George H.
Brown George H.
Brown J. W.
Brown Jacob H.
Brown James
Brown John C. I., Jr.
Brown John P.
Brown Mary E.
Brown Nathaniel
Brown Seth E.
Brown W. H.
Brown William A., Jr. & Co.
Browne Cansten
Browne Charles
Browne Edward I.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

Burdett Henry
Burditt Charles A.
Burgess H. H.
Burke P. B.

Barley Jacob N.
Burlingame Anson
Burnham Gershom
Burnham T. 0. H. P.
Burr Brothers & Co.
Burr Isaac T.
Burr Theophilus
Burrage, Blake & Co.
Burrill W. H.
Burton W.
Bush J.
Butler Eber
Byram H. 0.
B. R. K.

Cabot Henry
Callender George
Callender Richard B.
Callender, Rogers & Hilton
Campbell & Harwood
Capen Barnard
Capen Charles J.
Capen F. W.
Capen Francis L.
Capen Joseph H.
Carey Hugh
Carll Samuel F.
Carlton William
Garnes William R.
Carruth Nathan
Carter Albert
Carter, Cooper & Co.
Carter George F.
Carter Henry
Carter Samuel
Cartwright Charles W.
Gary Alpheus
Gary Isaac
Cassell Edmund D.

Caverly Charles, Jr.

Cazneau Isaac
Chadbourn Seth
Chaffin John C.
Chamberlain Thomas
Chamberlain & Foster
Chambers John G.
Champney Charles S.
Champney E. W. & Co.
Champney James H.
Chandler Henry H.
Chandler John K.
Chandler & Company
Chapman A. P. & Co.
Chapman Ozias G.
Chase F. F.
Chase, Gibson & Co.
Chase H. L.
Chase Irah, Jr.
Cheever George H.
Cheever Simon G.
Chenery & Co.
Cherrington William P.
Chester William F.

Browne Francis S.
Brownell Isaac A.
Bruce George
Bryant Gridlcy J. F.
Bryant Seth
Bryant Walter
Bullard Charles
Bumstead Horace
Burbank James P. T.
Burchstead Benjamin

391

392

APPENDIX.

Chickcring 0. F.
Chickering Charles E.
Chickering G. H.
Chickering Horatio
Chickering T. E.
Child Franklin D.
Child G. II.
Child George F.
Childs Francis
Chikxm Gardner
Chipman G. II., Jr.
Chisni Samuel
Choate Charles
Church F. L.
Churchill William
Claflin Wilbur F.
Clapp Charles W. Clapp David
Clapp James B.
Clapp Stephen R.
Clapp Stephen Howe
Clapp Washington
Clapp & Goddard
Clark A. A.
Clark Bradley M.
Clark Edward D.
Clark George H.
Clark J. W. & Co.
Clark James
Clark John I.
Clark Metcalf B.
Clark Nathan
Clark William T.
Cleveland H. J.
Cobb G. W.
Coburn G. W.
Coddington Edward
Codman Edward
Coffin N. R.

Coffin William B.
Coffin William E.
Coggins Edward
Colburn Willis H.
Colby Gardner
Cole Charles H.
Cole Horatio G., Jr.
Coleman Lewis
Collier E. Hayden, Jr.
Collins G. F.
Colman George
Comer John W.
Conant 8. B.
Condon William J.
Conlehen William
Conley Charles C.
Conley Samuel B.
Connor C. A.
Converse Edmund W.
Converse James C.
Cook James M. .
Cook John H.
Cook W. T.
Cook William A.
Coolidge Jennie L.
Coolidge Joseph
Cooper E. T.
Cooper Samuel
Copeland Charles
Copeland Charles S.
Copeland Thomas
Copp John G.
Corr Bernard
Cotton Joseph
Cowdin John
Cowdin T. W.
Craft Charles
Craft George A.
Cram George W.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

393

Crane Edward
Crehore Edward
Crehore William
Crocker Uriel
Crocker Uriel H.
Crocker William H.
Crosby Joseph B.
Crosby Samuel T.
Crosby William
Cross H. C.
Crowell Timothy
Crowninshield Louisa
Cummings Daniel & Co.
Cummings John, Jr.
Cunningham Andrew
Cunningham Brothers
Currant John F.
Currier Hugh M.
Curry C.
Curtis Charles P.

Curtis "Joseph
Curtis Nathaniel, Jr.
Curtis, Sampson & Co.
Curtis Samuel
Curtis Thomas B.
Curtis Thomas J.
Gushing Frederick
Gushing John
Gushing John P.
Gushing Perez
Gushing Roland
Gushing Samuel T.
Gushing Thomas P.
Cushman Freeman L.
Cutler L. A.
Cutler William H.
Cutter G. W.
Cutter M. J.
Cutter Micah
Cutting Charles A.

Daggett Henry L.
Dale E. A. H.
Dale Ebenezer, Jr.
Dale Mary B.
Dale William J., Jr.
Dalton Michael
Damon John
Dana 0. H.
Danforth Henry R
Darling G. A. P.
Darracott George
Davenport Henry
Davenport John
Davies Daniel
Davis Barnabas
Davis George P.
Davis Gilman
Davis H. C.

Davis I. G.
Davis James, Jr.
Davis John F.
Davis John H.
Davis Robert S.
Day Albert, Jr.
Day Ella Maria
Day Mary Lizzie
Deane Charles
Deland Thomas James
Demond T. D.
Denison W. B.
Dennett William H.
Dennie George
Dennis Enoch P.
Dennison E. B.
Dennison I. N. & Co.
Denny Clarence Holbrook

394

APPENDIX.
Denny Daniel
Denny Daniel, Jr.
Denny Francis P.
Denny George P.
Denny Henry Gardner
Denny John Ware
Deshon Daniel
Dexter Anson
Dickiuson Prescott
Dillaway Enoch 8^ Jr.
Dillaway William
Dillon James
Dingley Pelham W.
Ditson Oliver
Dix Joseph
Dixwell John J.
Dobson Isaac F.
Dodd B.
Dodd John A.
Doe Charles H.
Doe Freeman I.
Doe Joseph M.
Doggett Samuel
Domett Henry W.
Dore John C.
Dorr C. A.
Dorr Charles H.

Douglass A., Jr.

Dow James B.
Dow Stephen
Downer Samuel, Jr.
Downes Henry S.
Drake Samuel G.
Draper Alonzo G.
Draper Samuel
Dresser Jacob A.
Drew Joseph L.
Drew Joseph L., Jr.
Drury Gardner P.
Dugan Eben W.
Dugan Theodore H.
Dunbar Melzar
Dunham I. F.
Dunham Thomas H.
Dunn James C.
Dunton Samuel
Dupee James A.
Durant Henry F.
Durant William
Dutton E. P.
Dutton, Richardson & Co.
Dutton & Wentworth
Dyer Henry W.

Eastburn John H.
Easterbrook Charles G.
Eaton Charles F.
Eaton Ezra
Eaton William
Eddy G. W.
Eddy Robert H.
Edmands J. Wiley
Edmands William Otis
Edney George P.
Edson George

Edwards, Nichols & Co.

Edwards Oliver
Egan James
Eldridge Oliver & Co.
Eliot Charles W.
Ellis C. M.
Ellis Calvin F.
Ellis E. H.
Ellison George W.
Elms James C.
Emerson Charles

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.
Emerson Elijah C.
Emerson Parker
Einmes Samuel & Co.
Emmons Nathaniel H.
Emmons S. Frank
Euunons Stephen
Emmons Thomas
Fan-banks Stephen
Farlow John S.
Farnsworth Isaac D.
Farr Henry P.
Farrington E. T.
Farwell A. G. & Co.
Faxon Georgiana
Faxon John
Faxon Nathaniel
Faxon William
Fay Gilbert P.
Fay Harrison
Fay, Jones & Stone
Fearing, Thacher & Whiton
Felt George W.
Felt Samuel G.
Felton John R.
Fenno Isaac
Fenno J. Brooks
Fernald Oliver J.
Fernald Samuel H.
Fessenden Charles B.
Field Barnum W.
Field George G.
Field William E.
fields George A.
Fields James T.
Fisher John H.
Fisher & Co.
Fishers & Chapin
Fiske Edwin L.

Eustis Joseph
Evans Franklin
Evans John D.
Evans William
Everett Edward
Everett Oliver C.
Ewer Charles
Fiske George A.
Fiske J. B.
Fitch Jonas
Fitch L. N.
Flagg Augustus
Flanders William M.
Flint D. B.
Flint, Peabody & Co.
Flint Waldo
Fogg & Houghton
Foley Henry W.
Follett W. Julien
Folsom Frederick
Foque Theodore W.
Forbes William W.
Ford Daniel K.
Forrest Gordon
Foskitt Ebenezer
FOBS William A.
Foster A. A.
Foster E. B. & Co.
Foster Eben B., Jr.
Foster George
Foster George B.
Foster George W.
Foster Henry G.
Foster J. W.
Foster, Taylor & Co.
Foster W. H.
Fowle George
Fowle James

395

396

APPENDIX.
Fox Charles J.
Francis Nathaniel
Franklin George C.
Freeman George E.
French Abner & Co.
French George A.
French Jonathan
French Robert J.
French. Wells & Co.
Frost George
Frost Stiles
Frothingham Eliza Cornelia

Frothingham Mary G-.

Frothingham Nathaniel L.
Frothingham Richard, Jr.
Frothingham S. H. 8.
Frothingham Samuel
Frothingham Samuel, Jr. & Co.
Frothingham Theodore, Jr.
Fuller A. & B.
Fuller I. K.
Fuller Samuel N.
Fuller T. H.
Fullerton & Raymond

Gaffield Thomas
Gair John
Gale William A.
Gammon William H.
Gane Henry A.
Gardner Elizabeth Wood
Gardner Francis Wilmot
Gardner George
Gardner Henry Gardner
Gardner Henry J.
Gardner Herbert
Ganlucr John L.
Gardner T. 0.
Gardner & Coolidge
Gates James W.
Gay Albert
Gay Eben F.
Gay Eben Francis
Gay & Stratton
Gave H. A. J.
Gavett George B., Jr.
George & Shackford
Gibbens Samuel II.
Gibbs Calvin W.
Gibson George M.
Gibson Kimball

Gilbert H. C.
Gilbert Lemuel
Gilbert, Palmer Co.
Gilbert Samuel & Sons
Gilbert W. F.
Gill Caleb
Gilley John E. M.
Gilmore Sanford
Gilson Walter H.
Glen Samuel R.
Glover Lloyd
Goddard Thomas
Goddard William
Goddard & Pritehard
Goff William
Goklthwait Joel
Gooding Thomas
Goodnough E. G.
Goodnow John
Goodnow Mary A.
Goodridge A. H.
Goodwin A. G.
Goodwin Daniel
Goodwin Enoch
Goodwin John H.
Goodwin William F.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

Gookin C. B.
Gookin Lucy J.
Gordon J. P.
Gore George G.
Gould B. A., Jr.
Gould C. A.
Gould Charles D.
Gould F. A.
Gould James
Gould Joseph A.
Gould Robert
Gould S. N.
Gove A. B.
Gove John
Gowen C.
Gowing H. A.
Granger David
Grant Moses
Gray Francis C.
Gray Joseph H.
Gregg R. 8.

Gregory F. E.
Gregory Samuel H.
Green Anna L.
Green Charles M.
Green John, Jr.
Green Martha I.
Greene Charles G.
Greene Charles W.
Greenleaf Richard C.
Greenough William
Gribbin Jeremiah
Griawold D. C.
Griswold John M.
Groom Thomas
Grueby B. L.
Guardenier E. E.
Guardenier William I,
Guild H.
Guild Henry
Guild, White & Co.
Gwynn George F.

Hale Alfred
Hale Daniel Lee
Halo George
Hale Joseph
Hale W. N.
Hall Andrew T.
Hall Clara Elizabeth
Hall D. Dudley
Hall Edward F., Jr.
Hall, Fowle & Tufts
Hall Francis A.
Hall Henry A.
Hall I. G.
Hall Martin L.
Hall Mary Ella
Hall, Myrick & Co.
Hall Nathaniel

Hall John K.
Hall William & Co.
Hallett J. H.
Hambleton C. I.
Hammond Artemas
Hammond Augustus
Hammond John
Hancock Henry K.
Hanover George B.
Hanson John B.
Hapgood Warren
Harding Newell
Harding Newell, Jr.
Harding William F.
Harding William H.
Hardy Alpheus
Harrington Ephraim

397

398

APPENDIX.

Harrington Solomon
Harrington Wyman
Harris Anna W.
Harris Lsiac
Harris Kate A.
Harris N. P.
Haskell Daniel N.
Haskell William S.
Hastings Samuel
Hatchman John
Haven Calvin W.
Haven Charles C.
Haven Franklin
Haviland Thomas
Hawes P. & I. P. & Co.
Hawes William H.
Hayden C. 8.
Hayden Josiah E.
Hayden William
Haynes John C.
Hayward J. T.
Hazelton I. E.
Hazelton Isaac H.
Hazelton John H.
Hazewell Charles C.
Head Francis C.
Heath Charles
Heath George W.
Henderson F. A.
Hendley James
Hendley Thomas J.
Hennessy Edward
Henshaw Edward
Henshaw Isaac Means
Henshaw Samuel
Herman Leopold
Hewes J. M.
Hewins Walter B.
Hews George

Hickey James F.
Hidden William H.
Higginson Charles J.
Higginson George
Hill Ebenezer A.
Hill William H.
Hill Winchell N.
Hills C. E.
Hilton William
Hinds Frederic
Hinkley Holmes
Hirsch & Palgemeyer
Hitchborn Samuel
Hobart Albert
Hobart Enoch
Hobart H. H.
Hobbs J. W.
Hodges Almon D.
Hodges Thomas P.
Holbrook H. J.
Holbrook Samuel L.
Hollingsworth F. R
Hollis Abijah
Hollistcr George
Holman Edward
Holman Oliver
Holmes D. W.
Holton Joseph L.
Homer Albert
Homer Charles
Homer George
Hood Joseph
Hooper Henry W
Hooper John
Hooper John S.
Hooper S. H.
Hopkins L. C.
Horton Abel
Horton David W.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

399

Hosmer H. W.
Hosmer Zelotes
Hough William E.
Houghton C. C.
Houston William N.
Hovey James G.
Hovey & Co.
Howard F. A.
Howard William H.
Howe George
Howe George
Howe I. Francis
Howe Jabez C. & Go.
Howes & Baker
Howland Ickabod

Hubbard G. Eustis
Hubbard John C.
Hughes John A.
Humphrey W. E. & Co.
Hunnewell George W.
Hunnewell William N.
Hunt H. J.
Hunt I.
Hunt John
Hunt Moses
Hunt Simon
Hutchinson Charles E.
Hutchinson Henry
Hutchinson I. D.
Hutchinson William Henry

lasigi, Goddard & Co.

Lsley John Cox
Ingalls Henry P.

Ingalls J. C.
Ives D. P. & Co.

Jackson C. L.
Jackson G.
Jackson George
Jackson P. T., Jr.
Jacobs A.
Jacobs Joshua
James George E.
James Lyman
Jenks Charles William
Jenks Henry_ Fitch
Jenks John H.
Jenks Mary Fitch
Jenks Samuel H.
Jewell L. B.
Jewett D. B.
Jewett D. E.
Jewett John P.

Johnson Earl W.
Johnson Ebenezer
Johnson Samuel, Jr.
Johnson, Sewall & Co.
Johnston C. E.
Johonnot A. E.
Jones Eliphalet
Jonee Frederick
Jones George B.
Jones Josiah M.
Jones Nahum
Jones Peter C.
Jones, Turrill & Co.
Jordan Charles
Jordan E. D.
Jordan, Marsh & Co.
Josselyn Alonzo

Keating Thomas H.

Keith I. M.

400

APPENDIX.

Keith William W.
Kellogg, Cobb & Co.
Kempell Otto
Kondall Abel
Kendall C. B.
Kendall Mrs. E. E.
Kendrick William W.
Kent John
Kerr James C.
Keyes R. W.
Kidder J. G.
Kilburn Samuel S. Jr.
Kilham Charles H.
Kimball E. R.
Kimball I. B.
K inikill John R.

Kimball Oliver D.
Kimball Otis
King Charles G.
Kingman George
Kingsbury A.
Kingsley Elias
Kinsell H. H.
Kitfield Henry
Knapp Henry E.
Knight A. L.
Knott James
Knott Robert
K" w.i M- Thomas D.
Kruger Henry
Kuhn George H.
Kuhn John

Ladd William G., Jr.

Lamb Thomas
Lamson A. D.
Lamson Benjamin
Lamson I. W.
Lamson N. P.
Lane B. P.
Lane Charles L.
Lane Samuel W.
Lane & Walker
Lang John H. B.
Lappen 0. & Co.
Larkin & Stackpole
Lash Robert
Lavery Francis
Lawrence Abbott
Lawrence Abbott, Jr.
Lawrence Abbott, 3d
Lawrence Amos A.
Lawrence H. J.
Lawrence James
Lawrence James, Jr.

Lawrence, Stone & Co.

Leach John B.
Learned Amos F.
Learned Gcarfield
Learned I. M. & Co.
Leavitt David
Leavitt T. H.
Lee Henry, Jr.
Lee John R.
Lee Thomas J.
Lee William
Leggett William
Leland Joseph D.
Leland T. J.
Leland W. S.
l.i-in:iii Augustus F.
Leman Benjamin B.
Leman John
Lemist, Bramhall & Co.
Leonard W. W.
Levans H. N.
Lewis Daniel

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

Lewis John Saxton

Lewis Joseph
Lewis M. A.
Lewis Weston
Lewis William D.
Lewis William & William K.
Libbey I. F.
Libbey I. W.
Libbey Washington
Lincoln B.
Lincoln Ezra
Lincoln Francis
Lincoln Frederic W. Jr.
Lincoln Frederic W. 3d
Lincoln Harriet Abbot
Lincoln Harvey L.
Lincoln Jared
Lincoln Joseph
Lincoln Joshua
Lincoln Lewis N.
Lincoln Lowell
Lincoln Susan Ellen B.
Lincoln Warren P.
Lincoln Zenas D.
Little, Alden & Co.
Little Charles C.
Little Nicholas
Livermore George
Livcrmore John
Livermore William Roseoe
Locke Charles A.
Locke Edward A.
Locke H. D.
Locke, March & Co.
Locke Mary I.
Lombard Ephraim
Lombard Josiah S.
Lombard Thomas C.
Lombard & Whitmore
Long James Donaldson
61

Long J. Haskell
Lord George C. & Co.
Lord Joseph H.
Loring A.
Loring Abner B.
Loring Benjamin
Loring Charles G.
Loring Elijah James
Loring Samuel H.
Loring Thomas B.
Loring W. W.
Loring & Phillips
Lothrop Ansel
Lothrop J. R.
Loud Andrew J.
Lovejoy Albert P.
Lovejoy E. A.
Lovejoy Loyal
Lovejoy Samuel A.
Lovejoy William B.
Lovell John P.
Lovering Alice M. I.
Levering Anna I. W.
Lovering Charles T.
Lovering J. S.
Lovering William C.
Lovett Augustus
Lovett William P.
Lowell Francis C.
Lowell John A.
Lyford G. A.
Lyford Henry A.
Lyford Thomas
Lyman George T.
Lyman George W.
Lyman Seymour
Lynch George P.
Lynch James F.
Lyon Henry

401

402

APPENDIX.

Mackintire E. P.
Macomber James
Magee John B.
Magoun H.
Mair Thomas
Mair W. W.
Maldt John M.
Mallory Richard P.
Manley Sidney
Manning Charles B.
Manning, Glover & Co.
Manning T.
Mansfield Charles H. & Co.
Mansfield E. W. G.
Mansur Samuol
March J. C.
Marden F. A.
Marden William
Marsh B. Franklin
Marsh Robert
Marshall F. H.
Marston S. W., Jr.
Marvin T. R.
Marvin William T. R.
Matehett William F.
Mauran William A.
May John J.
May 0.
May Russell
Maynard I. W.
Maynard & Noyes
Mayo Alfred Jackson
Mayo Amy Louisa
Mayo Eliot Belknap
Mayo Elizabeth White
McAdams J. & W.
McAvoy Arthur
McBurney Charles
McCaine Daniel

McCaine David
McCarty William
McCleary Samuel F., Jr.
McFarland & Rice
McGilvray, Wyman & Co.
Mclntire Joseph
McKay William P.
McKenney Andrew
McLaughlin H.
McLaughliu Rodney
McLauthlin George T.
Mears John, Jr.
Meek Samuel
Mellen WiUiam J.
Mellen & Co.
Mellus Henry
Melvin William A.
Merriam Charles
Merriam Nathaniel
Merriam Waldo
Merrill Arthur
Merrill, Brother & Co.
Merrill Charles A.
Merrill T. L.
Messer Asa
Messinger Elani A.
Messinger George W.
Metcalf Henry B.
Metcalf S. M.
Miles S. S.
Millard Samuel
Mills Charles H. & Co.
Miner George A.
Minns Thomas
Minot. Charles H.
Minot & Hooper
Mitchell James
Mitchell N. & Son
Mitchell William

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

403

Moore James E.
Moore & Crosby
Morrill Charles J.
Morse A. J.
Morse Charles
Morse J. C.
Morton Ebenezer
Morton G. P.
Morton H. B.

Mott Isaac W.
Moulton Thomas
MuUer Mary E.
Mulliken John, Jr.
Munroe James
Munroe Otis
Mussey B. B.
M. L. G.
M.

Nashua Lock Co.

Nassau William M.
Naylor & Co.
Nazro John, Jr.
Neal Samuel
Neill John F.
Nelson E.
Nelson H. G.
Nevins E. P.
Newcomb John J.
Newhall Everett H.
Newman Henry
Newman Samuel H.
Nichols Amelia S.
Nichols Benjamin W.

Nichols George N.
Nichols H. P.
Nichols Lawrence
Nichols Lyman, Jr.
Nichols Roberta H.
Nickerson T. W.
Norcross Addison
Norcross Grenville Howland
Norcross Laura
Norcross Loring
Norcross Otis
Norcross Otis, Jr.
North-Ender, from Mobile
Norton A. & A.

Oakes James
O'Brien Hugh
O'Connor William D.
Odiorne Edward G.
Oliver A. J.
Oliver L. L.
Oliver William B.

Orcutt John P.
Ordway J. A.
Ordway, Prince & Co.
Ormeston George
Osborn Francis A.
Otis George Washington
Ottignon William A.

Packer Charles
Page, Alden & Co.
Page Charles J.
Page James A.
Page John A.

Page Luke
Page, Richardson & Co.
Paige James W.
Paige James W. Jr.
Palfrey W. W.

404

APPENDIX.

Palmer David
Palmer J. A.
Palmer Thomas
Park William
Parker Catherine Stanley
Parker Charles Edward
Parker Charles H.
Parker Lsaac
Parker James
Parker M. S.
Parker Mary Francis
Parker Peter
Parker, Wilder & Co.
Parker William Lincoln
Parkhurst Ziba
Parkman George F.
Parkman William
Panncntcr William
Parrott William F.
Parsons Henry W.
Parsons Samuel
Patten C. B.
Patten George C.
Patten George W.
Patterson E., Jr.
Paul Daniel B.
Pearcc William
Pearson William H.
Peck A. D.
Peck John
Peirce C. W.
Peirce Foster
Peirce H.
Penniman J. T.
Perkins .Tames
Perkins T. Henry
Perkins William
Perkins William F.
Perrin David C.

Peters, Chace & Co.

Peters Edward D. & Co.
Pettingill & Donnell
Phelps Jacob C.
Phelps Sewall
Phillips Jonathan
Phillips Moses D.
Phillips School, (Pupils of)
Phipps John S.
Pierce B. W.
Pierce Carlos
Pierce, Clark & Co.
Pierce F. A.
Pierce Frederick B.
Pierce G. F.
Pierce George
Pierce J. W.
Pierce John
Pierce O. H.
Pierce Samuel S.
Pierce William
Pike Charles E.
Pike E. W.
Pineo Richard E.
Pinkham J. S.
Piper Albion
Pitman John H.
Pitts Charles L.
Plympton Henry
Plymptons, Stephenson & Co.
Pollard Abner W.
Pond Albert C.
Pond Moses
Poole Alexis
Poole William F.
Poor Nathaniel C.
Pope Benjamin
Pope Edward E.
Pope Hubert

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

Porter Alexander 8.
Porter George E.
Porter John K.
Potter, Elder & Co.
Pratt Caleb I.
Pratt Eleazer F.
Pratt John C.
Pratt Mrs. William
Preutiss Henry
Prescott Charles J.
Prescott Lavina M.
Prescott William H.
Preston George R.
Preston John
Preston Jonathan

Priest Caroline A.
Priest Frank P.
Priest George W.
Priest Henry L.
Priest J. Edward
Priest John D.
Prince John T.
Prince Nathan
Prouty D wight, Jr.
Prouty Lorenzo
Pulsifer D. & Co.
Putnam A.
Putnam Allen
Putnam C. A.
P. B. & B.

Quincy Josiah

Quincy Thomas D.

Randall Charles A.
Ransom B. Jr.
Raynor John
Rayner John J.
Bead, Chadwick & Co.
Read William
Redding Charles
Redding W.'S.
Redding W. W.
Teed Benjamin T.
Reed Charles M.
Reed George P.
Reed & Wade
Reggio Nicholas
Remick W. S.
Renouf Edward
Revere Copper Co.
Reynolds Samuel S.
Reynolds William J.
Rhoades Stephen
Rice C. B.

Rioe Charles
Rice Charles R.
Rice Eliza P.
Rice F. & F.
Rice Henry A.
Rice Henry Allen
Rice J. Ramirez
Rice Lewis
Rice Samuel
Rice William
Rice & Kendall
Richards George G.
Richards H. H.
Richards Henry C.
Richards John B.
Richards Wyatt
Tlichardson Ge<' /^e L.
Richardson Lewis G.
Richardson M. W.
Richardson Thomas
Richardson W. H. H.

405

406

APPENDIX.

Richardson William H.
Richardson & Edmoud
Ring Nathaniol, Jr.
Ripley Lyman B.
Ripley Thomas "W.
Ripley Robert
Robbins Joseph W.
Roberts John G.
Robertson John A.
Robinson C. R.
Robinson Enoch
Robinson Francis F.
Robinson George W.
Robinson J. Howard
Robinson Reuben T.
Robson John
Rogers Edward H.
Rollins C. L.

Ropes W. L.
Ropes William
Rose A.
Ross George
Ross Jeremiah
Ross Willis
Rotch Aimee
Rotch Alice Quincy
Rotch Arthur
Botch Edith
Rounds George
Rounds John C.
Rowell 8.
Russell C. Shepard
Russell Charles L
Russell George R.
Ryan Edward
Ryan I. S.

Safford, Ames & Co.

Safford Daniel
Salisbury D. W.
Salmon John
Sampson A. N.
Sampson Charles
Sampson George G.
Sampson & Tappan
Samson G. B.
Sanborn Amos C.
Sanborn George 0.
Sauborn J. F.
Sanborn Lyman F.
Sanderson Brothers & Co.
Sanford Philo
Sargent Henry
Saundera George S.
Saunders William A.
Savage James
Sawyer C. H.

Sawyer N. C
Sawyer Timothy T.
Sawyer Warren
Sawyer William N.
Scott George
Scott Thomas
Sears David
Sears J. H.
Sears P. H.
Sears William
Seaver Nathaniel, Jr.
Seaver William D., Jr.
Sessions F.
Sever James W.
Sewall, Day & Co.
Seymour Friend
Shapleigh Charles H.
Sharland John
Sharland Joseph
Sharland Joseph B.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

Shattuck G.
Shattuck J. H.
Shaw G. Howland & Brothers
Shaw Jesse
Shelton Albert F.
Shelton George
Shelton John
Shelton Richard H.
Shelton Stephen
Shelton Stephen W.
Shelton Thomas
Shelton Thomas J.
Shepherd James
Sherburne Joseph M.
Shimmin William
Shreve Benjamin
Shurtleff Hiram S.
Shurtleff Nathaniel B.
Shurtleff Nathaniel B., Jr.
Sigourney D.
Silloway, Calef & Co.
Simmons Seth
Simonds Thomas C.
Simpkins Samuel G.
Simpson Michael H.
Sise A. F.
Skerry A. T.
Slade William J.
Slade Robert
Smith Albert W.
Smith Cornelius
Smith Edward M.
Smith Franklin
Smith Franklin W.
Smith George G.
Smith I. P.
Smith J. Waterston
Smith John F.
Smith Joseph

407

Smith Lorenzo G.
Smith Mary Elizabeth
Smith Melancthon
Smith Stephen
Smith William
Snelling Edward A.
Snelling Enoch H.
Snow Benjamin Franklin
Snow Isaac
Soule Richard
Southard George H.
Sparks Jared
Sparrell William P.
Spaulding Solomon R.
Spear Charles W.
Spear Samuel S.
Spinney William K.
Spooner L. L.
Spooner William B. & Co.
Sprague Charles
Sprague Matthew
Sprague William
Spring Isaac H.
Standish James
Standish Lemuel M.
Stanfield, Wentworth & Co.
Staniford D.
Stanwood Daniel R.
Stanwood Frank
Starbird William B.
Stearns Charles
Stearns Charles H.
Stearns John, Jr.
Stearns Mary
Stearns T. C.
Stearns William
Stebbins 0. B.
Steele George P.
Steele J. T.

408

APPENDIX.

Steele James G.
Stetson Alpheua M.
Stetson Amos W.
Stetson Caleb
Stetson Catharine
Stetson John
Stetson L.
Stevens Arthur
Stevens Benjamin
Stevens Collins
Stevens George M.
Stickney I.
Still F. C.
Stimpson Charles
Stimpson Frederick H.
Stimpson James H.
Stoddard Charles
Stoddard Charles A.
Stoddard N.
Stone David
Stone Milton J.
Storey W. H.
Story Jacob

Stowell Caleb
Street John
Strong Alexander
Studley Samuel G.
Sturtevant Henry G.
Sullivan R., Jr.
Sumner Allen M. S.
Swallow Asa
Swallow Daniel W.
Sweet James S.
Sweet John H.
Sweetser A. C.
Sweetser E. F.
Sweetser F. C.
Sweetser, Gookin & Co.
Sweetser S. K.
Sweetser Samuel
Swett Edwin I.
Swett Hubbard W.
Swett John T.
Swift William C.
Symonds J. H.

Taggard John
Talbot W. H.
Tappan John E.
Tappan, McBurney & Co.
Taylor N. D. V. & Co.
Tebbetts A.
Tebbetts James R.
Tebbetts William C.
Templeton John
Tenney Benjamin F.
*
Tenney & Co.
Tewksbury William P.
Thacher George C.
Thacher, Mitchell & Co.
Thacher William S.

Thacher & Co.

Thayer Benjamin W.
Thayer George W.
Thayer Gideon F.
Thayer John R & Brother
Thayer, Hovey & Co.
Thayer R. H.
Thaxter Adam W.
Thaxter Adam W., 3d
Thaxter Benjamin
Thaxter Seth
Thomas William
Thompson W. S.
Thorndike George Francis
Thorndike Henry A.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

409

Thorndike John H.
Thorndike John P.
Thorndike John P. L.
Thwing S. C.
Ticknor Benjamin H.
Ticknor William D.
Tileston Edward G.
Tileston George F.
Tileston James C.
Tileston Timothy
Tileston William
Tillson J.
Tilton Frederick A.
Tilton Stephen & Co.
Timmins John
Tirrell Edward C.
Tobey Heman
Tombs M. & Co.
Tompkins Abel
Tompson John A.
Torrey J. M.
Torsleff Andrew
Tower L. L.
Towle John D.
Towne E. B.
Towne George D.

Towne William P.
Townsend, Mallard & Co.
Tracy F. U.
Triggs George W.
Trott Peter
Trull George A.
Tucker Allan
Tucker Daniel
Tucker, Newton & Mills
Tucker William
Tucker William Lawrence
Tuckerman Gustavus
Tuckerman, Townsend & Co.
Tufte George A.
Turnbull George & Co.
Turner Helen
Turner Joshua
Turner Nathaniel D.
Turner Nathaniel W.
Turner T. Larkin
Turner, Wilson & Co.
Tuttle Frederick A.
Tuttle James
Tyler J. C. & Co.
Tyler W. P.

Underwood William
Upham, Tucker & Co.

Upton George B.
Urann Joseph

Vanier S.
Vannevar Alexander
Veazie Joseph A.
Veazie William
Vinal Otis

Vincent John
Vose Edward
Vose Josiah S.
Vose Thomas B.

Wade John
Wakefield W. L.
Walcott J. W.

Walden N.
Waldron Samuel W.
Wales George W.

410

APPENDIX.

Wales Henry W.
Wales Thomas B.
Wales T. C. & Co.
Wales Thomas C.
Walker George S.
Walker Joseph
Walker Matthew
Walker W. H.
Walker William S.
Walker & Brother
Wallace & Sons
Ward Lydia G.
Ward Thomas W.
Ward & Boot*
Ware Leonard
Warner I. L.
Warren Alfred B.
Warren Charles F.
Warren Frederick
Warren George W.
Warren George W. & Co.
Warren John A.
Warren John C.
Warren M. C.
Washburn Miles
Washburn William
Waterman Nathaniel
Waterston Robert
Watson Joseph
Watson Joseph
Webb F. H.
Webber Aaron D.
Webster W. E.
Weeks E. Maria
Weeks James H.
Welch Francis
Weld George W.
Weld Samuel B.
Weld William F.

Weld William G.
Welles George Derby
Welles John
Wellington Alfred A.
Wellington Avery
Wells Charles
Wells John B.
Wells P. Francis
Weltch Samuel
Wentworth Arioch
Wentworth James
Wentworth Samuel
Wenzell Henry Burleigh
West Joseph
Wetherell A. E.
Wetherell H. B.
Wetherell H. E.
Wetherell, Stone & Co.
Wheeler Gilham B.
Wheeler Joel
Wheelock George G.
Wheelock E. W.
Wheelwright & Cobb
Whipple John A.
Whitcomb John D.
Whitcomb H. G.
White A. J.
White C. L.
White Charles E.
White David, Jr.
White Horace A.
White J., Jr.
White James A.
White John W.
White Lyman
White William F.
Whiting, Kehoe & Galloupe
Whiting Oliver R.
Whitman Joseph H.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

Whitney, Fenno, Shaw & Co.

Whitney H. A.
Whitney Joseph & Co.
Whitney William F. & Son
Whiton Charles V.
Whiton Ebed
Whiton Henry
Whiton R,, Jr.
Whiton, Train & Co.
Whittemore Aug.
Whittemore James F.
Whittemore John M.
Whittemore W. & F. H. & Co.
Whittle William J.
Whitwell, Brothers & Co.
Whitwell F. A.
Wightman Joseph M.
Wilbur E. P.
Wilcutt L. L.
Wild James C.
Wilder C. B.
Wilder C. T.
Wilder John E.
Wilkins Henry E.
Wilkins J. H.
Wilkinson, Stetson & Co.
Willard 0. A.
Willard Zabdiel A.
Williams E. L.
Williams Elijah
Williams Francis S.
Williams G. Foster
Williams Lewis W.
Williams Samuel S.
Williams Sidney B.
Williamson George
Willis Clement
Wilmarth H. D.

Wilson Alexander W.
Wilson John, Jr.
Wilson William
Wilson William H.
Winchester E. A. & W.
Winn Moses F.
Winship I. Bradlee
Winslow G. S.
Winsor A.
Winsor Nathaniel, Jr.
Winter Francis B.
Winthrop John
Winthrop Robert C.
Wisner Abbott Lawrence
Wisner Charles Francis
Wisner Evelina
Wisner George Parker
Withington Henry H.
Withington W. H.
Wolcott Huntington F.
Wolcott J. H.
Wolcott Roger
Wood Hamilton
Wood William H.
Woodbury Charles
Woodbury William W.
Woods Joseph W.
Woods William
Woolson James A.
Worster John E.
Wright Albert J.
Wright Edmund
Wright Isaac H.
Wright & Whitman
Wyman A. G., Jr.
Wyman Abraham G.
Wyman J. D.

411

412

APPENDIX.

Yale Rufus M.
Yendall George
York Hfury

Young Ammi B.
Young Isaiah B.
Young William
Zane William C.

INDEX OF NAMES.

Aaron, Otis, 184.

Aborn, S. O., 33.
Adams & Co., 98, 184, 185.
Adams, Amos, 194.
Adams, Hiratn, 171*
Adams, Isaac, 32, 350.
Adams, John, 89, 222, 242,
252.
Adams, J. J., 30.
Adams, John Q., 58, 211.
Adams, Nathaniel, 32.
Adams, Samuel, 89.
Adams, Samuel G., 133,134.
Adams, William, & Co., 66.
Ainsworth, Frederic S., 134.
Alexander, James, 385.
Allen & Endicott, 66.
Allen, Aaron H., 86.
Allen, Charles H., 46, 54,
202.
Allen, Ethan, 187.
Allen, Samuel M., 342.
Allen, Zenas, 32.
Ames, James T., 148, 270,
362, 364, 367, 388.
Ames, Preston A., 40, 46.
Ammidown, Edward H., 37.
Amory, Thomas C., 23, 145.
Anderson, Nicholas L., 203.
Andrews, Alfred A., & Co.,
106.
Andrews, E. Jones, 58, 211.
Andrews, Robert, 179.
Andrews, Samuel, 23, 133,
320.
Appleton, Charles H., 37,
46, 47, 143, 353.

Appleton, C. Hook, 58, 211.

Appleton, Nathan, 144.
Appleton, Thomas 6., 15,
17,271,279,342,343,347,
357, 358, 365, 366, 371.
Appleton.William, 144,347.
Arago, Dominique Fran
cois, 235.
Arlin, Charles, 139.
Armington, H. E., 33.
Armstrong, Samuel T., 333.
Aspinwall, Thomas, 145.
Atwood, Gilbert, 70.
Austin, Jamea T., 36, 351.
Babcock, John S., 37.
Bacall, William K., 70, 112.
Bache, Alexander D., 261,
381.
Bache, Franklin, 381.
Bachelder, Geo. A., 41, 46.
Bacon, Robert, 147.
Bacon, Warren, 31.
Bailey, Dennis W., 161.
Baird, Thomas D., 231.
Baker, John, 194.
Baker, John B., 37.
Baker, John B., & Co., 168.
Baker, Joseph, 140, 185.
Baker, William, Jr., 134.
Baker, William W., 46, 47,
142.
Balch, David, 194.
Baldwin & Emerson, 150.
Baldwin, Elizur, 32.
Ball, Thomas, 363, 368, 376.
Ballard, Joseph, 35L

Banfield, A.W., 70.

Bangs, I. L., 191.
Banks, Sir Joseph, 385.
Bard, John, 385.
Barker, Isaac 0., 298.
Barnard, Charles F., 209.
Barnes, Jennings, & Co., 91,
187.
Barnes, Joseph, 141.
Barnes, William, 148.
Barnes, William H., 87\.
Barney, C. C., 350.
Barnum, Ezra S., 189.
Barry, Thomas, 313.
Bartlett, R. A., 37.
Bates, Isaac C., 39.
Bates, J. Franklin, 145.
Bates, Joseph L., 97, 144,
147, 280, 342, 343, 344^
349, 357, 362, 366, 371,
373.
Bates, John Adams, 146.
Bates, S. D., 31.
Bayley, Benjamin H., 139.
Bazin, George W., 173.
Bcal, Benjamin, 31, 350.
Beal, James H., 39.
Seal, James H., & Brother,
90.
Seals & Co., 185.
Beals, J. J., & Co., 90.
Seals, William, 31, 100.
Bean, Aaron H., 37, 353;
Beebe, J. M., 39, 371, 373.
Benchley, Henry W., 145.
Benson, Frederick A., 36,
37.

416
Bent & Bush, 42.
Bigelow, A. O., 62, 64.
Bigelow, Jacob, 144, 271,
279, 342, 343, 347, 3.58,
362, 3CG, 309, 371, 373.
Bigelow, J. R., 32.
Binney, Matthew, 107.
Bird, E. L., 30.
Bird, George \V., 137.
Bird, H., 186.
Bird, John, 184.
Blagden, George W., 27, 33,
58, 143, 215.
Blanchard & Brother, 93.
Blanchard, Brother, & Co.,
185.
Blanchard, Thomas, 144,
271, 279, 342, 343, 347,
373.
Blake, I. W., 192.
Blake, James G., 31.
Blake, James G., & Co., 67,
161.
Blake, William, 30, 139.
Bond, William C., 279, 342,
347.
Bonncy, Pelham, 13, 19,
350.
Borrowscalc, J., 34.
Bosworth, Iliram, 350.
Bouve, Thomas J., 353.
Bowditch, H. I., 46, 57, 207.
Bowditch, J. Ingersoll, 280.
342, 343, 347, 349, 356.
Bowditch, Nathaniel, 221.
Bowdlcar, Samuel G., 353.
Boyd, Alexander, 46, 47,
142.
Bovd, Francis, 353.
Boyd, James, & Sons, 168.
Boyle, Robert, 249.
Boylston, Richard, 173.
Boynton, Edmund, 41, 46.
Braddock, Gen. Edward,
240.
Bradford & Co., 110.
Bradford, John B., 353.
Bradford, F. A., 33.
Bradford, L. II., 36, 37.
Bradford, Martin L., 37.
Bradlee, Frederick H., 351.

INDEX OF NAMES.

Bradlee, Josiah, 203.

Bradley, Benjamin, 30.
Bradley, N. J., 116.
Brewer, J. K., 18-5.
Brewer, James P., 37.
Brewer, Nathaniel, 116,
353.
Brewer, T. M., 353.
Brewer, William A., 353.
Brcwster, Osmyn, 13, 16,
19, 20, 21, 28, 45, 141,
280, 321, 340, 342, 343,
347, 349, 356, 357, 362,
365, 366, 371, 372, 373.
Brooks, Henry C., 134.
Brooks, W. P. B., 91.
Brougham, Lord, 335.
Brown & Burditt, 96.
Brown, Augustus, 110.
Brown, Edwin, 122, 350.
Browri, George A., 138.
Brown, J. D., 33.
Brown, Seth E., 46, 54, 202.
Brown, Thomas W., 32.
Brown, William, 173.
Browne, Albert G., 340.
Browne, C. AHcn, 93.
Brownwcll, George, 227.
Bruce, Charles II., & Co.,
111.
Bryant, G. J. F., 30.
Buckingham, Joseph T.,
333, 342.
Buckley/Joseph, 16, 20, 21,
28, 45.
Bullock, Wm. W., 47, 133.
Bumstead, Josiah F., & Co.,
98.
Burbank, Robert I., 47, 134.
Burdett, John D. G., 99.
Burke, A. W., 193.
Burlingame, Anson, 146.
Burnett, GOT., 384.
Burns, Robert, 20o.
Burrell, A. S., 33.
Burrill, Isaac S., 136.
Bush, Francis, 33, 42.
Bush, George, 46.
Butler, Charles, 58, 215, 320.
Butler, Peter, Jr., 46, 53,
198, 273.

Cabot, Henry, 91.

Calhoun, William B., 355.
Callender, Richard B., 199.
Calrow, William H., 13.
Capen, William W., 191.
Carew, Joseph, 377.
Carleton, William, 163.
Carlyle, Thomas, 226.
Carnes, George W., 185.
Carpenter & Co., 186.
Carter & Co., 185.
Carter, Colcord, & Preston,
185.
Cassell, Edmund D., 62, 64.
Chadbourn, William, 133.
Chxffee & Co., 158.
Chamberlin, David, 137.
Chapin, Rev. Dr., 30Z
Chapman, George H., 46.
Chase, Brothers, & Co., 66.
112, 158.
Chase, Irah, Jr., 31.
Cheever, Ezekicl, 225.
Checver, James, 13.
Cheney, Fiske, & Co., 185.
Chester, William F., 362.
Checkering, Jonas, 155, 276,
340.
Chickering & Sons, 66, 79,
273.
Chickering, Thomas E., 32,
34, 40, 46, 50, 61, 63, 64,
68,146,342,362,364,366,
369.
Child, George H., 119.
Childs, Francis J., 37.
Chilson, Gardner, 32.
Chilson, Gould, & Co., 67,
166.
Chilson, Richardson,"& Co.,
92.
ChrpmaB, George W., &
Co., 186.
Christie, John, 194.
Chubbuck, George D., 13&.
Cichi & Garey, 124.
Cichi, Francis, 33.
Clapp, David, 110.
Clapp, William W., 173.
Clapp, W. W., Jr., 46, 47,
119, 142.

INDEX OF NAMES.

Clark & Hunt, 151.

Clark, Charles S., 137.
Clark, James, 144, 342, 343,
362, 366, 371, 373.
Clark, John M., 145.
Clark, Joseph, 31.
Clark, Henry O., 195.
Clay, Henry, 296.
Clinkard, H. B., 162.
Coale, William E., 204.
Cobb, Moses O., 47, 134,
197.
Coburn, Daniel J., 143.
Coburn, Joseph D., 40, 46.
Codman, Robert, 13.
Coffin, William E., 31.
Colburn, Charles, 355.
Colburn, Frederic A., 137.
Colden, Cadwallader, 384.
Coleman, Willis P., 189.
Colter, John, 141.
Comer, George N., 98.
Conkey, Ithamar F., 145.
Converse & Co., 185.
Cook, Amasa N., 40, 46.
Cook, J. E., 70.
Cook, William W., 135.
Coolidge, C. C., 33.
Coolidge, George, 341.
Coolidge, Joseph, 374.
Coolidge, William D., 68,
70, 194.
Cooper, Samuel, 258.
Copeland, Charles, 31.
Copp, John G., 92.
Costigan, E. A., 310.
Cowdin, John, 144, 271, 340,
342, 350, 365, 366, 373.
Cram, Daniel, 135.
Crocker & Brewster, 85, 173.
Crocker, T. M., 193.
Crocker, Uriel, 173, 341.
Crocker, Uriel H., 37.
Crockett, George W., 313.
Crooker, R., 31.
Crosby, Sylvester T., 97.
Cross, Henry, 168.
Crowninshield, Caspar, 203.
Cumings, Bradley N., 37,
115, 351.
Cummings, C. B., 113.

Cummings & Flagg, Drs.,

83.
Cummings, Gilbert, 121.
Cunningham & Co., 66.
Cunningham, William H.,
187.
Currant, Anthony, 139.
Currier & Trott, 99.
Curtis, Samuel D., 32.
Gushing, Thomas P., 280,
281, 342, 343, 347, 349,
356, 370.
Cushman, Albert, 58, 211.
Cutler, William J., 39.
Cutter, Edmund F., 40, 46,
54,202.
Cutting, Heyward, 203.
Dabney, F. 0., 58, 211.
Dale, Samuel, 88.
Dalton & Ingersoll, 87.
Damrell, John S., 138.
Dana & Co., 185.
Dana, James, 46, 47, 142.
Darracott, George, 342, 366.
Darracott, George, Jr., 62,
64,66.
Davenport & Mason, 184.
Davenport, C. B., 70.
Davis, Charles A., 195.
Davis, Daniel, Jr., 181.
Davis, G. H., 32.
Davis, Isaac P., 336, 363.
Davis, Nathaniel G., 133.
Davis, P. Stearns, 134.
Davy, Sir Humphrey, 383.
Day, Albert, 353.
Day, Orrin, 88.
Dean, Paul, 194.
Dearborn, H. A. S., 279.
Dearborn, N. S., 124.
Dearing, T. Haven, 135.
Delano, George H., 141.
Denio & Roberts, 66, 153.
Dennett, William H., 36,
353.
Dennie, James, Jr., 46, 56,
206.
Denning, H. C., 301.
Derby, Basket, 134.
Dexter, Arthur, 58, 211.
H

417
Dexter, Thomas A., 109.
Dickinson, George, 46, 57,
207.
Dickinson & Murdock, 165.
Dillon, James, 350.
Dingley, John T., 13.
Dixon, B. Homer, 122.
Dixwell, John J., 351, 352.
Dodd, J. Edward, 46, 55,
204.
Doe & Hazelton, 67.
Dow, M. F., 185.
Dowse, Thomas, 262.
Drew, Alvan S., 133.
Drew, John A., Jr., 70.
Drew, J. L., 31.
Duane, William J., 381.
Dudley, B. F., 163.
Dudley, Charles H., 40, 46.
Dugan, Theodore H., 46,
51, 169.
Dunbar, Joseph, 137.
jjmil.lv, B. W., & Co., 91.
Dunlap, Robert P., 189.
Dunton, Charles E., 141.
Dutton, HenryW., 115, 356.
Dwight, John S., 353.
Dyer, Ezra, 147.
Dywer, Robert D., 182.
Earle, John, Jr., & Co., 98.
Eastburn, Manton, 59, 144,
301.
Eaton, Charles, 149.
Eaton, Charles 0., 70.
Eaton, William D., 143.
Edmands, J.Wiley, 36, 351.
Edwards, Fernald, & Hershaw, 66, 153.
Eliaers, Augustus, 33.
Eliot, John F., 303.
Ellis, P. P., 58, 211.
Ellison, J., 33.
Ely, Horatio, 141.
Emerson, Charles, 31, 350.
Emerson, Ralph, 62, 64.
Emmous, John L. , 46, 57,
207.
Emmpns, Nathaniel H.,
351.
Emmons, N. H., 37.

418
F.mmnns, Stephen, 113.
Eustis, Henry C., 203.
Evans, John H., 158.
Evans, Thomas H., 136.
Evclcth, Joseph, 194.
Everett, Edward, 144, 225,
235, 271, 279, 342, 347,
355, 384.
Everett, Otis, 353.
Everett, Richard B., 41, 46.

INDEX OF NAMES.

French, J. C., & Brother, Gove, John, & Co., 95.

173, 174.
Grafton, J., 145.
French, Jonas H., 16, 20, Gray, John, 140.
21, 28, 45, 145.
Graves, William E., 70.
French, S. D., 108.
Green, Charles W., 378.
French, Warren, 135.
Green, John, Jr., 116, 350.
Frothingham, N. L., 352.
Greenough, David, 378.
Frothingham, Richard, Jr., Greenongh, Elizabeth, 378.
144, 280, 342, 347, 348, Greenough, Henry, 271,
349, 362, 366.
375, 380.
Frothingham, Theodore, Greenough, Horatio, 379,
Fairbanks, Henry P., 350,
353.
380.
351.
Frothingham, Thomas B., Greenough, John, 380.
Fairbanks, J. L., 62, 64.
353
Greenough, Richard S., 270,
Fairbanks, Stephen, 15, 17, Fuller, Seth W., 70.
358, 359, 360, 361, 362,
14-1, 280, 342, 347, 349,
363, 364, 367, 368, 369,
357, 359, 362, 364, 366, Gaffield, Thomas, 351.
371, 375, 376, 378, 380.
369, 371, 373.
Gaheny & Gendrot, 112.
Grcer, John, 191.
Farrar, Ezra 0., 142.
Galpin, P. S., 299.
Gregory, Samuel H., & Co.,
Farrar, Rufus B., 138.
Gardner, Daniel W., 88.
84,185.
Gardner, Henry J., 145,378. Greig, George, 40, 46.
Farrington, John, 32.
Faxon, Nathaniel, 147.
Gardner, Henry N., 165.
Griffith, William, 32.
Garey, Paul, 33.
Fernald, J., 31.
Griggs, Robert D., 141.
Fields, James T., 27, 68, Gassett, Mr., 88.
Groom, Thomas, & Co., 95.
Gavett & Co., 67, 163.
272, 274, 319.
Gross, Edward, 141.
Gavett, Andrew J., 30, 37.
Groux, Daniel E., 29.
Filncr, W., 167.
Gavett, Joseph, 37.
Grover, William O., 32.
Finley, Patrick, 149.
Gay, Eben F., 195.
Guild, Benjamin, 123.
Fisher, G. W., 184.
Gay, George H., 37.
Fisher, John, 205.
George III., 383.
Haines, R. P., 33.
Fisher, Solon, 135.
Geyer, Charles C., 139.
Hale, Charles, 37, 352.
Fitch, Jonas, 30.
Gibbens, Samuel H., 37, Hale, J. Augustine, 37.
Foran, C. H., 151.
353.
Hale, Nathan, 173.
Ford, J. M., 31, 164.
Gibson, Kimball, 281, 342, Haley, Emma S., 182.
Ford, William H., 141.
343, 370.
Hall & Weeks, 184.
Forrest, Gordon, 97.
Gilbert, Lemuel, 113.
Foster, George B., 62, 64.
Hall, Alfred B., 200.
Gilmore, P. S., 142.
Hall, Andrew T., 36, 353.
Fowle, Henry, 86.
Hall, Edwin H., 200, 353.
Gleason, W. B., 32.
Fracke & Jones, 159.
Hall, Franklin A., 200.
Goddard, Benjamin, 353.
Francis, John W., 386.
Hall, Franklin B., 37.
Goddard, Nathaniel, 353.
Francis, Nathaniel, 350.
Goddard, Thomas, 30,62,64. Hall, Gustavus V., 200.
Franklin, Abiah, 81, 160.
Hall, Henry H., 200.
Franklin, Deborah, 836, Goldthwait, J. L., 19.
Hall, James, 31.
Goodhue, Eben H., 138.
337.
Hall, Jeremiah F., 200.
Goodwin, William F., 350.
Franklin, James, 170.
Franklin, Josiah, 81, 88, Gookin, Samuel H., 46, 53, Hall, John, 200.
Hall, John K., 200, 353.
160, 198.
178.
Hall, John R., 134.
Franklin, Samuel, 113.
Gookins, Mark, 32.
Hall, Osborn B., 200.
Freeman, Florence, 369,371. Gorman, John, 179.
Hall, Thomas B., 37.
French, Benjamin, 70.
Gould, George F., 137.
Hallett, Davis, & Co., 66,
French, B. B., 190.
Gould, John, 137.
Gould, William T., 189.
156.
French, C. H., 192.

INDEX OF NAMES.

Ham, Luther A., 133.

Hamilton, James, 268.
Hammond, Helen M., 183.
Hancock, John, 89, 243.
Harding & Co., 164.
Harding, F. L., 32.
Hare, Robert, 144.
Harlow, Augustine, 136.
Harper, James, 386.
Harrington, H. W., 46, 51,
169.
Harris, Isaac, 35, 36, 105,
144, 199, 342, 343, 347,
350, 351, 352, 357, 359,
362, 364, 365, 366, 370,
373.

Harris, Theodore F., 111.

Harris, William, 350.
Harris, William G., 166.
Hartsock, James B., 194.
Harvey, W., 383.
Harwood, Daniel, 188.
Haskell, Daniel N., 144,
280, 342, 347, 349, 356,
357, 366, 371, 373.
Haskell, Elias, 194.
Haskell, William 0., 148.
Hastings, John, 31.
Hatch & Co., 184.
Hatchman, John, 32.
Hathorne & Co., 187.
Hathorne, Jacob H., 37.
Haven, Abner, 124.
Haven, Calvin W., 341, 350.
Haven, Mrs., 109.
Hawkins, John, 141.
Hayden, David H., 203.
Hayes, William F., 140.
Hazelton, Isaac H., 350.
Hazelton, J. E., 31.
Heard, John T., 58, 194.
Hemmeon, James L., 70.
Henderson, W. H., 123.
Hennessey, Edward, 111,
350.
Henry, Charles C., 139.
Henshaw, Joseph L., 135.
Herman, Leopold, 32, 112.
Hibbard, George F., 137.
Hill, John B., 138.
Hill, Walter R., 141.

Hfflard, George S., 342, 347.

Hinds & Williams, 111.
Hinckley, Rufus L., 135.
Hinkley, Holmes, 32.
Hinks, Edward W., 135.
Hoar, Joseph, 116.
Hobbs, A., 31.
Hodgman, Carr, & Co., 185.
Holbrook, Charles L., 134.
Hollis, Thomas, 87.
Holmes, Thaddeus, 140.
Holt, Samuel W., 138.
Homer, George, 116.
Homer, George F., 353.
Homer, William F., & Co.,
87.
Hooper, Dwight B., 40, 46.
Hooper, Henry N., 15, 17,
30,144,271,279,341,342,
343, 347, 350, 362, 364,
366, 371, 373, 374.

Hooper, Henry N., & Co.,

67, 162.
Horn, B. F., 113.
Horton, Abel, 41, 46.
Hough, Capt., 145.
Hough, Wilfta'm E., 133.
Houghton, Henry L., 141.
Hovey, Joseph F., 46, 47,
142.
Howard, Edward, 31.
Howard, J. D., 31.
Howard, William H., 33,
350.
Howe & Co., 185.
Howe, J. N., 31.
Howe, Nelson, 33.
Howland, Freeman, 121.
Howland, Ichabod, 353.
Hubbard, Charles S., 32.
Hubbard, John C., 308, 350.
Hubbard, William B., 189.
Hubbell, P., 30.
Hume, David, 237.
Hunneman, William C., 31.
Hunnewell, F. W., 203.
Hunnewell, Hollis, 203.
Hunt, John S., 133.
Hunt, N., 33.
Hunt, Peter, 185..
Hunt, Samuel P., 171.

419
Hunting, Henry A., 140.
Hutchings, Theodore, 138.
Hutchinson, Henry, 350.
Inman, Alfred P., 140.
Jackson & Co., 185.
Jackson, Eben, 13.
Jackson, J. A., 32.
Jackson, Patrick T., 353.
Jacobs, J. B., 110.
Jacobs, James M., 33.
Jameson & Valentine, 98.
Jaquith, Moses, 33.
Jay, John, 252.
Jefferson, Thomas, 242.
Jenkins, Henry W., & Co.,
91.
Jenkins, Joshua, 135.
Jenks, S. H., 36.
Jones, Carpenter, & Co., 87.
Jones, Joseph S., 36.
Jones, Lieut., 146.
Jones, William K., 133.
Jones, William P., 40, 46.
Johnson, Samuel, 385.
Johnson, D. C., 355.
Johnson, Edwin F., 301.
Johnson, William Otis, 134.
Eaharl, William H., 137.
Keiffer, Jacob, 205.
Keith & Thornton, 86.
Keith, Gov., 176.
Kelt, James, 113.
Kelt, George S., 113.
Kendall, Charles S., 37.
Kendall, Timothy C., 13.
Kidder, G. G., 46, 56, 206.
Kimball, Charles A., 134.
Kimball, Moses, 40, 46, 52,
114, 188.
Kimball, Otis, 46, 47, 142.
Kimberly, Lieut., 146.
King, Charles G., 46, 50,
62, 63, 64, 65, 144, 146,
280, 342, 343, 347, 349,
355, 356, 362, 365, 366,
371.
King, George M., 143.
King, Rufus, 268.

420
King, William, 181.
King, William 8., 46, 47,
142.
Kingman & Hasaam, 167.
Kingsley, O. E., 140.
Kinney, B. H., 187.
Kinsley & Co., 96, 184.
Kirby, Charles K., 159.
Klous & Co., 84.
Enapp, B. B., 192.
Kuhn, John, 342, 343, 357,
362, 366, 373.
Kurtz, George, 30.
Lamprell & Marble, 79.
Lamson, Benjamin, 350.
Lamson, William H., 139.
Lane & Wheeler, 97.
Lane, J. F. W., 353.
Lash, Robert, 35, 199, 350,
352.
Lathrop, John, 259.
Law, Asa, 143.
Lawrence, Abbott, 200, 271,
279, 282, 342, 343, 344,
347, 349, 356, 357, 359,
361, 362, 363, 364, 366,
369, 370.
Lawrence, Andrew, 33.
Lawrence, George, 203.
Lawrence, James, 39, 144,
370, 371, 372, 373.
Lawrence, Samuel, 39.
Lawrence, T. Bigelow, 134.
Learned, George ., 40, 46.
Learned, William H., Jr.,
40, 46.
Leavitt, Edwin L., 139.
Leeds, Joseph, 354.
Leman, E. C., 30.
Lewis, John, 199.
Lewis, Winslow, 58, 194,
295.
Leach, L., 120.
Lillie, John S., 105.
Lillie, Thomas J., 105, 171.
Lincoln & Foss, 97.
Lincoln, Ezra, 35, 36, 37,
351, 352, 353.
Lincoln, Frederic W., 46,
47, 143.

INDEX OF NAMES.

Lincoln, Frederic, Jr., 15,

17, 27, 58, 143, 272, 274,
280, 286, 319, 340, 341,
342, 343, 344, 356, 357,
361, 362, 364, 365, 366,
371, 373.
Lincoln, Henry, 353.
Lincoln, Henry E., 353.
Litchficld, Ward, 160.
Livington, Robert R., 242.
Long, J. II., 41, 46.
Loring, Benjamin, 144, 370,
371, 373.
Loring, Charles G., 351 , 352.
Loring, Harrison, 32,66, 152.
Loring, Jonathan, 117.
Loud, Andrew J., 41,46,353.
Lovell, Silas, 141.
Lovell, Stephen, 188.
Lovcjoy, W. R., & Co., 93.
Low, Francis, Jr., 32.
Lowell, John A., 379.
Lyman, Theodore, 58, 211.
Lynde, Alonzo V., 83.

Mason, John D., 134.

Mason, Julian 0., 25.
Mason & Lawrence, 101.
Mather, Cotton, 225, 254,
255.
Mather, Samuel, 259.
Mathews, William, 113.
Mattel, Antoine, 33, 113.
Maxfield, Charles B., 140.
'May, John J., 353.
May, Samuel, 108.
Maynard, Jesse, 149.
McCleary, S. F., Jr., 352.
McCobb, James T., 300.
McDonald, J. W., 204.
McFarland, Mr., 116.
McGilvray, David F., 48.
47, 142.
McKay, Donald, 32.
McKean, Henry S., 37.
McNutt, Paul &, 120.
McPherson, William J.,
204.
Mead, Charles C., 171.
Mears, Granville, 36, 46, 50,
62, 64, 146, 351, 352.
Macaulay, T. B., 335.
Mackintosh, William H., Melcher, John, 170, 172.
Mcllus, Henry, 353.
191.
Meloon, David C., 137.
Macomber & Co., 97.
Merriam, Joseph H., 31.
Macy, R. H., 192.
Merrill, Stephen, 190.
Madison, James, 268.
Maine, William H., & Co., Merrill, William B., & Co.,
91.
65, 150.
Merritt, Charles H., 138.
Mair, Thomas, 350.
Mcrritt, F. J., 58, 211.
Mann, John J., 40, 46.
Messinger, George W., 36,
Mansfield, C. W. G., 366.
353.
Marble, William, 33.
Metcalf, Caleb, 160.
Marden, George H., 33.
Marden, Spofford, & Co., Milliken, Edward W., 138.
Miles, Walter, 135.
168.
Milton, George B., 112.
Marsh, Bela, 109.
Molay, Jaques de, 196.
Marsh, Robert, 160.
Marshall, Orlando F., 142. Moody, Lewis P., 33.
Marshall, Wyzeman, 46, 52, Moody, Webber, & Co., 161.
Moore, Charles W., 194,
188.
197.
Marston, James F., 142.
Moore, Emery N., 32, 171.
Martin, Mr., 385.
Moore, H. K., 34, 40, 46,
Martin, Richard S., 137.
64,67.
Marvin, TheophilusR., 144,
280, 342, 343, 347, 348, Morrill, Asa, 133.
349, 356, 362, 366.
Morrill, Charles J., 36, 37-

INDEX OF NAMES.

Parker, John D., 70.

Parker, White, & Gannett,
92, 168.
Parker, William A., 171.
Parkhurst, Julius T., 139.
Parkman, William, 16, 20,
21, 28, 45, 86, 195, 321.
Parmenter, William, 352,
354.
Partridge, Adin, 134.
Pasha, Said, 151.
Naylor & Co., 95.
Paul, James, 33.
Neat, S. N., 33.
Paulding & Co., 184.
Nevins, Jerome, 141.
Pearce, William, 32.
Newell, Daniel S., 140.
Newman, Samuel H., 62,64. Pearse, William, 187.
Pearson, G. B., 184.
Newton, George, 141.
Newton, Sir Isaac, 249, 383. Pease, Frederick, 150.
Newton, Ralph W., 46, 51, Peirce, Jonathan, 32.
Pemberton, Rev. Ebenezer,
169.
261.
Nichols, George N., 98.
Pennock, Joseph N., 136.
Niles, Stephen R., 83.
Percival, John, 194.
Nims, N. A., 183.
Perkins, James, 193.
Nourse & Co., 94, 118.
Perkins, Job H., 139.
Nourse, Gilbert, 30.
Nourse, Mason, & Co., 168. Perkins, Thomas L. D., 135.
Nowell, Nathaniel, 88.
Perkins, S. S., 350.
Perrigo, J. M., 31.
Nurse, Gilbert, 188.
Perry, Eli, 299.
Nute, Robert, 30.
Phelps, Sewell, 33.
Ober, John P., 31.
Phillips, Mr., 385.
Oliver, George S. J., 58,211. Phillips, Wendell, 37.
Pierce, Andrew, 298.
Oliver, Samuel P., 353.
Pierce, Carlos, 365, 366.
Orcutt, Henry M., 141.
Orcutt, William A., 31, 182. Pierce, T. J., 47, 134.
Ordway, Bradish, & Co., Pierson, George H., 193.
Pike, Edward L., 172.
101.
Pike, E. W., 46, 47, 142.
Osbom, F. A., 37.
Osgood, Timothy, 136.
Pinckney, 268.
O'Sullivan, A., 189.
Pittman, Ezekiel, 86.
Otis, James, 222.
Place, Moses, 138.
Plummer, Farnham, 13, 16,
17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 28, 46,
Page, L., 167.
144, 303, 381, 382, 386.
Paine, Thomas, 246.
Palfrey, Francis W., 58,211. Plympton, M., 115.
Palmer & Hall, 181.
Poland, Datus E., 30.
Palmer, Thomas, 350.
Pollard, L. F., 32.
Palmer, V. B., 83.
Pond, Moses, & Co., 67,
Park, John C., 36, 351, 352,
166.
353.
Poor, Nathaniel C., 351.
Parker, Edward G., 134.
Pope, Benjamin, 36.
Parker, Isaac, 35, 199.
Potter, J. S., 98.

Morris, T. D., 32.

Morse, Prof., 386.
Morse, Frederic W., 30.
Morse, Robert M., 203.
Moseley, Charles B., 86.
Mozart, Frederic, 71.
Mullin, John B., 310.
Munroe, James, & Co., 98.
Murtagh, Patrick, 113.

421
Powers, J. T., 205.
Prescott, William H., 271,
279, 342, 347, 365, 379.
Pratt, E. F., 36, 353.
Pratt, J., Jr., 32.
Pratt, John C., 36, 37, 352.
Pratt, Nathaniel W., 137.
Pratt, 8. G., 81.
Pray, John F., 30.
Pray, John F., & Son, 66.
Pray, John H., & Sons, 167.
Prentice, John, 173.
Priestley, Joseph, 181.
Prince & Co., 185.
Prince, John, 138.
Pringle, John, 383.
Putnam, John, 168.
Quinn, James, 308.
Quincy, Josiah, Sen., 144,
342, 343, 347, 366.
Rametti, J., 121.
Raymond, Edward A., 189,
194.
Rayner, John, 89.
Rayner, John J.,62,64,350.
Read, Joseph S., 42.
Read, Philip B., 121.
Reed, Benjamin F., 141.
Eeed, John, 151.
Reed, Reuben, 144.
Restieaux, Thomas, 83.
Revere, Paul, 89, 163, 272.
Rhoades, William W., 40,
46,64.
Rice, Alexander H., 14, 19,
21, 27, 58, 137, 143, 286,
295, 296, 298, 299, 300,
301, 319, 321, 357, 366,
371, 372.
Rice, H., 70.
Rice, Henry A., 353.
Rice, J.WiUard, 46,47,142.
Rice, Kendall, & Co., 185.
Rich, Otis, 13.
Richards, C. Allen, 46, 55,
204.
Richards, Dexter N.,40, 64.
Richards, Frederic, 137.
Richards, G. H., 31.

422
Richardson, Alfred, 114.
Richardson, Joseph M., 139.
Richardson, Josiah B., 30,
33, 46, 50, 62, 64, 66, 146,
194.
Richardson, Nathan, $8,
273.
Richardson, Warren, 120.
Riley, David, 138.
Riley, Hugh, 34.
Riley, Patrick, 37.
Ripley, Marshal M., 116.
Ripley, Peter, 189.
Ripley, Robert, 350.
Ritchie, E. S., 181.
Ryan, John S., 141.
Robbins, John M., 122.
Robbins, Josiah, 147.
Robbins, Oliver R., 140.
Roberts, Charles, 31.
Roberts, John O., 30.
Roberts, Richard B., 70.
Robertson, Richard A., 70.
Robinson, E., 31.
Robinson, G. W., & Co.,
163.
Robinson, J. A., 121.
Robinson, Simon W., 52,
189.
Robles, Gen., 146.
Roessle, John, 168.
Rogers, Charles O., 40, 46,
51, 169.
Rogers, JohnS., 113.
Rogers, Lydia A., 108.
Root, James E., 32.
Ross, J. & W. W., 85.
Ross, Joseph L., 32, 182,
183.
Ross, Samuel E., 141.
Rowland, Edward W., 40,
46.
Rumery, William M., 138.
Rush, Richard, 382.
Russell, Benjamin, 333.
Russell, Benjamin F., 136.
Russell, George R., 279,
342, 347, 349, 356, 369.
Russell, James D., 133.
Russell, William B., 110.
Rutgers, Henry, 385.

INDEX OF NAMES.

Sahlein.'D. A., 113.

Salvo, Benedict, 121.
Sampson, George R., 351.
Sampson, William H., 70.
Sanderson & Lanergan, 186,
312.
Sanford, Philo, 350.
Sargent, Epes, 144, 271, 279,
342, 343, 347, 348, 366.
Sartiges, Count de, 146.
Saunders, Richard, 232.
Savage, Edward H., 133.
Savage, J ames, 3d, 144, 350,
351, 352, 354.
Savory & Co., 184.
Sawyer, Joseph H., 41, 46,
111.
Scott, Archibald, 298.
Scott, Charles, 194.
Sears, David, 15, 17, 144,
271, 279, 342, 343, 347,
349, 362, 365, 366, 371,
373.
Seavey, James W., 140.
Shattuck, Charles P., 139.
Shattuck, W. G., 65, 148.
Shaw, G. Howland, 370,371,
372.
Shaw, Levi W., 141.
Shaw, William F., 31, 66.
Shaw, W. F., & Co., 157.
Shelton, Stephen, 360.
Shelton, Thomas J., 350.
Shelton, William, 139.
Shepard, Isaac F., 135.
Sheppard, John H., 194.
Sheriffs, William, 158.
Sherman, Roger, 242, 268.
Shillaber, Benjamin P., 173,
174.
Shirley, Daniel H., 66, 150.
Shurtleff, Nathaniel B., 144,
279, 342, 343, 347, 349,
356, 357, 366, 371, 373.
Silsbee, G. M., 31.
Simmons, Charles, 140.
Simonds, J. H., 121.
Simpson, J. E., 67.
Slade, Lucius, 134.
Slamm, Levi D., 146.
Slane, P. S., 31.

Smith & Lovett, 153.

Smith, Archibald, 139.
Smith, Charles A., 62, 64.
Smith, Chas. A., & Co., 84.
Smith, D. & G. W., 166.
Smith, Edw. P. & Dwight,
88, 165.
Smith, Elisha, Jr., 41, 47,
137.
Smith, Frederic W., 140.
Smith, George G., 144, 271,
279, 341, 342, 347, 357,
359, 362, 364, 365, 366,
373.
Smith, Jacob, 141.
Smith, James M., 116.
Smith, J. V. C., 357, 359,
362, 364, 371.
Smith, John W., & Co., 86.
Smith, Joseph, 352.
Smith, Zenas E., 137.
Snelling, Enoch H., 350.
Snow, Henry A., 185.
Somerby, F., 179.
Somerby, John P., 139.
Somcrby, L., -32.
Sopcr, Stephen L., 105.
Sorley, James, 189.
Souther, John, 31.
Sowdon, Arthur J. C., 203.
Spalding, J. Russell, 163.
Sparks, Jared, 15, 17, 144,
256, 271, 279, 303, 331,
342, 343, 345, 346, 347,
365, 366, 367, 371, 384,
385.
Spofford, Richard S., 194.
Spooner, A. J., 192.
Spooner, William A., 138.
Sprague, Charles, 353.
Sprague, Franklin H., 40,
46.
Sprague, Moses, 33.
Sprague, Thomas, 31, 168.
Standish, L. Miles, 30, 144.
350, 370, 373.
Starkweather," E. C., 192.
Starkweather, J. B., 113.
Steamburg, T. W., 167.
Stearns, Nathaniel C., 40,
46.

INDEX OF NAMES.

Stearns, William, 350.

Stearns, Ziba, 150.
Stetson, S.A., & Co., 66, 157.
Stevens, Benjamin F., 70.
Stevens, Charles W., 121.
Stevens, George W., 113.
Stevens, James M , 40, 46.
Stevens, Jeremiah S., 138.
Stevens, John, 385.
Stevens, John S., 138.
Stevens, Oliver, 19.
Stevenson, J. Thomas, 37,
43, 58, 211, 303, 347, 351,
366.
Stickney & Poor, 65, 150.
Stimpson, Frederic 11., 340,
350.
Stibbs, Mr., 385.
Stoddard, George T., 70,
190.
Stodder, J. W. T., 32.
Stone, Ebenezer W., 145.
Stone, George A., 151.
Storrow, James J., 203.
Story, Joseph, 16, 20, 21,
28,45, 362, 65.
Story, Judge, 222.
Strater, Herman, 168.
Strout & Bradford, 90.
Suddards, Dr., 146.
Swallow, Asa, 350.

Thaxter, D. McB., 161.

Thayer, Gideon F., 36, 354,
355.
Thorn, George S., 309.
Thompson & Co., 185.
Thompson, Moses C., 141.
Thompson, Newell A., 21,
22, 23. 28, 45, 46, 47, 51,
61, 64, 303, 312, 320, 321,
322.
Thompson, N. W., 169.
Thorndike, J. H., 30, 144,
271, 280, 340, 342, 343,
347, 348, 349, 355, 356,
357, 361, 362, 364, 366,
371, 372, 373, 374.
Tolman, D. C., & Co., 88.
Tolman, James, 62, 64.
Tompkins, Abel, 46, 50, 62,
64, 146.
Torrey, Charles, 32.
Torrey, George W., 13, 16,
19, 20, 21, 28, 45, 94.
Towne, Alexander H., 138.
Townsend, Thomas, 147.
Tracy, F. U., 36, 37, 353.
Train, Charles R., 58, 194.
Train, Samuel F., 309.
Trainer, William, Jr., 113.
Tripp, Porter D., 136.
Trowbridge, C. P., 184.
Tucker, David A., 310.
Tappan, Lewis W., 40, 46, Tucker, Elisha G., 46, 52,
52, 198.
188.
Tarbell, Luther L., 40, 46.
Tucker, George A., 140.
Tarbox, Benjamin, 139.
Tucker, Philip C., 194.
Tarleton, "William B., 133. Tuckerman, William F., 31.
Taylor, E. T., 194.
Tufts, Otis, 144, 271, 279,
Taylor, Robert, 133.
342, 343, 347, 357, 365,
Tenney, Benjamin F., 119.
366, 373.
Tenney, William P., & Co., Turner, Job A., 30.
187.
Turner, N. W., 31.
Tewksbury, George P., 31. Tuttle, Hugh H., 171.
Tilden, Thomas, 160.
Tyler, John S., 40, 46, 47,
Tilden, William, 184.
142.
Tileston, William, 33.
Tilton, Thomas B., 141.
Varney, Benjamin, 139.
Thacher, George M., 145.
Vaux, Robert, 299.
Thacher, Thomas, Jr., 33.
Very, T. K., & Co., 161.
Thacher, William S., 36, 37. Vinal, Alvin, 310.
Thaxter, A. Wallace, 174.
Vose, Edward A., 353.

423
Wadlcigh, George A., 70.
Wainwright, Peter, 194.
Wakefield & Howe, 165.
Wales, Bradford L., 194.
Walker, Clement A., 195.
Walker, James, 144.
Wallace, William, 205.
Walley, Samuel H., 146.
Wallingford, Hiram L., 133.
Wallis, Mordecai L., 163.
Walworth, C. C., 33.
Walworth, James J., & Co.,
66, 154.
Warren, Charles T., 142.
Warren, George W., 142.
Warren, George W., & Co.,
111.
Warren, G. Washington,
198.
Warren, John C., 346, 350,
351, 352.
Warren, Joseph, 89, 223.
Washburn, Frederic L., 16.
Washington, George, 110,
140, 221, 337.
Waterman, N., 33.
Watson & Bisbee, 165.
Watts, Isaac, 329.
Webster, Daniel, 223, 336.
Welch, Charles A., 353.
Wells, Charles, 80, 144, 278,
342.
Wells, Fargo, & Co., 184.
Wentworth, A., 32.
Wentworth, George S., 191.
West, George, 135.
West, Joseph, 36, 41, 46, 55,
86,204.
Weston, Daniel, Jr., 138.
Wheeler, Asahel, & Co., SS.
Wheeler, Joel, 350.
Whipple & Black, 98.
Whipple, John A., 31.
Whipple, Thomas, 139.
Whitaker, J. B., 33.
Whitcomb, Oliver, 133.
White, William, 32, 171.
White, William F., 134.
Whitehouse, Richard, 190.
Whitney, Henry J., 353.
Whitefield, George, 246.

424
Whitons, Browne, & Wheel
wright, 93.
Widdifield & Co., 99.
\Vightman, Joseph SI., 32,
147, 181, 279, 319, 340,
342, 347, 357, 358, 362,
365, 366.
Wilbor, A. O., 115.
Wilcox, J. H., 32.
Wild, James C., 35.
Wilde, J. D., 34.
Wilder, J.E..& Co., 66,153.
Wilder, Marshall P., 24, 47,
143.
Willard, Rev. Dr., 100.
Williams, Alfred, 141.
Williams, A., & Co., 98.
Williams, Francis 8., 37.
Williams, Frederick L., 37.
Williams, George F., 353.
Williams & Morandi, 87.
Williams, Nathaniel, 225.

LNDEX OF NAMES.

Willis, Hamilton, 197.

Willis, Nathaniel, 173.
WillUton, P. Frederic, 92.
Wilson, John, Jr., 204.
Winchester, E. A. & W.,
186.
Winde & Clinkard, 162.
Winde & Co., 67.
Winde, Lewis, 30.
Winship, H. H., 168.
Winslow & Co., 185.
Winsor, Edward, 30.
Winsor, Nathaniel, Jr., 41,
46, 56, 206.
Winter, Francis B., 25, 350.
Winthrop, John, 222, 380.
Winthrop, Robert C., 15,
17, 27, 71, 143, 171, 218,
273, 274, 276, 279, 295,
303, 319, 321, 327, 339,
340, 341, 342, 343, 344,
345, 347, 350, 351, 352,

354, 366, 357, 359, 360,

361, 362, 363, 364, 365,
366, 370, 371, 372, 373,
384.
Winthrop, Robert C., Jr.,
58, 211.
Wood, Alexander, 87.
Wood, A. D., 34.
Woodman, George F., 40,
46,64.
Woods, H. T., 70.
Woodward & Brown, 112.
Woodwell, Charles H., 362,
371.
Worthlcy, Mark, 30.
Wright, Albert J., 134, 350.
Wright, Isaac H., 134, 352,
353.
Yale, R. M., 94.
Yendall, George, 62,64,350.
Young, Alexander, 352.

AUG 25 1950