MCQ’s

1. The culture of an organization is largely determined by:

► Top management
► Employees
► Stockholders
► The company founders
2. Sony Corporation’s focus on product innovation is an example of which of the following
dimensions of organizational culture?
► Attention to detail
► People orientation
► Outcome orientation
► Aggressiveness
3. An individual’s personal beliefs regarding what is right and wrong or good and bad is
called:
► Ethics
► Values
► Norms
► Rituals
4. EU, NAFTA, FTAA and ASEAN are examples of:
► Regional trade alliances
► Foreign airlines
► Soccer teams in Europe
► New multinational corporations
5. "Whenever possible, we promote from within" is an example of which of the following?
► Rule
► Procedure
► Policy
► Plan
6. What was the focus of leadership studies in 1920s and 1930s?
► Charisma
► Tasks
► Traits
► Behavior
7. Which one is the final step in the decision-making process:
► Evaluating the decision
► Recognizing the decision
► Evaluating the alternatives
► Implementing the decision
8. All of the following are the assumptions of rational decision making EXCEPT:
► Alternatives are known
 ► Possible outcomes known
► Optimal decision is possible
► Information is unknown
9. Which of the following is a variation of the electronic meeting that links media from
different locations?
► E-commerce
► The Delphi technique
► E-Brainstorming
► Video conference
10. Operational plans are normally associated with which of the following organizational
level?
► Global level
► Corporate level
► Business level
► Functional level
11. Which of the following is a primary benefit of MBO?
► Avoid competition
► Resistance against new entrance
► Improve employee motivation
► Increase resources
12. In BCG matrix which of the following businesses have a large share of a market that
are not expected to grow substantially?
► Dogs
► Question mark
► Star
► Cash cow
13. Which of the following organization is responsible for the development of small business
in Pakistan?
► SMEDA
► BISE
► ICMA
► PCSIR
14. Employees with more training and experience are able to work with less direct
supervision which is the characteristics of which of the following?
► Wide span of control and a flatter organization
► Violates Fayol’s principle of chain of command
► A highly centralized organization
► Very narrow span of control and more levels of managers
15. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory proposes that every person has a hierarchy of:
► Four needs
 ► Five needs
► Three needs
► Six needs
16. Which of the following theory points out that the individual has to be rewarded with
something that he or she values?
► Herzberg’s theory
► Expectancy theory
► Equity theory
► McClelland’s goal setting theory
17. Which of the following is a major drawback of written communication?
► Lack of feedback
► Lack of precision
► Less well thought out
► Lack of verifiable permanent record
18. Which of the following is a primary benefit of MBO?
► Avoid competition
► Resistance against new entrance
► Improve employee motivation
► Increase resources
19. Which of the following is the benefit of strategic management for the organizations?
► Direction for organization
► Competitive advantage
► Supports innovation
► All of the given options
20. The process in which a sender manipulates information so the receiver will see it
more favorably, is called:
► Filtering
► Selective perception
► Noise
► Information overload
21. Control that prevents anticipated problems is called:
► Feed forward control
► Concurrent control
► Feedback control
► Management control
22. Which one of Fayol’s 14 principles of management helps preserve the concept of a
continuous line of authority?
► Unity of demand
► Unity of command
 ► Demand structure
► Continuous demand
23. A significant edge over the competition in dealing with competitive forces is called:
► Core Competencies
► Competitive advantage
► Competitive force
► Swot analysis
24. Which of the following is the benefit of strategic management for the organizations?
► Direction for organization
► Competitive advantage
► Supports innovation
► All of the given options
25. If the environment is stable then the structure of the organization could be:
► Organic
► Divisional
► Mechanistic
► Simple
26. Tendency of people to expend less effort while working in a group as compare to
working alone is called:
► Synergy
► Social Loafing
► Group Task
► Group Cohesiveness
27. Communication which takes place without regard to hierarchical or task
requirements is called:
► Formal
► Informal
► Official
► Ceremonial
28. Cognitive ability of an individual effects the decision making process in which of the
following manner?
► Can not utilize the available resources
► Can not interpret all available information
► Can not provide required financial resources
► Can not control the external situations
29. SWOT analysis is a technique of:
► Environmental scanning
► Forecasting
► Benchmarking
► Budgeting
30. Group members usually do not see each other while making decisions in:
► Brainstorming
► Delphi
► Nominal
► Interacting
31. Which of the following behaviour had dramatically influenced by Hawthorne studies?
► Informal behaviour
► Social behaviour
► Moral behaviour
► Ethical behavior
32. If the environment is stable then the structure of the organization could be:
► Organic
► Divisional
► Mechanistic
► Simple
33. SWOT analysis is a technique of:
► Environmental scanning
► Forecasting
► Benchmarking
► Budgeting
34. Which of the following is called an input to an organizational system?
► Employees
► Products
► Services
► Customers
35. Which of the following techniques relies on individual or group judgments rather
than on mathematical analysis?
► Quantitative forecasting
► Technological forecasting
► Qualitative forecasting
► Benchmark forecasting
36. Considering the changing patterns of the business world, which of the given is considered
to be the modern motivating tool?
► High salary
► Flexi time
► Secured job
► Medical allowance
37. In order to make organization more flexible and responsive through employee
participation, organization should tend towards which of the following?
► Decentralization
 ► Globalization
► Departmentalization
► Widen the span of control
38. Which of the following is an extrinsic factor of motivation?
► Wages and salaries
► Job variety
► Sense of accomplishment
► All of the given options
39. Starbuck’s of opening one hundred stores per year helps everyone in the
firm, in recognizing the strong emphasis on growth.
► Goal
► Mission
► Vision
► Plan
40. Call centers have been developed to record and put forward the customers’
complaints to:
► Problem solving teams
► Cross functional teams
► Quality circles
► Work teams
41. Pamphlets used for the promotion of a product are the example of:
► Oral communication
► Non-verbal communication
► Written communication
► None of the given options
42. Viewpoint arguing that appropriate managerial action depends on the particular
parameters of the situation is called:
► Contingency theory
► Behavioral theory
► Administrative theory
► Social theory
43. Which of the following is NOT a formal group?
► Command groups
► Task forces
► Cross-functional teams
► Business unit alliances
44. In recent research on trait theory all of the following were indicators of leadership
EXCEPT:
► Extraversion
► Introversion
 ► Honesty
► Desire to lead
45. Who developed the first comprehensive contingency model for leadership?
► Fiedler
► Vroom
► House
► Hersey
46. Which of the following is a power that has been legitimated by the organizations?
► Responsibility
► Span of control
► Authority
► Accountability
47. The individuals who are working in the organizations in a capacity of generating &
supporting new ideas for the organization are called:
► Lender
► Entrepreneur
► Stakeholder
► Financer
48. SWOT analysis divides organizational strengths into two categories; common
strength and .
► Chance of growth
► Core competency
► System loophole
► Competitor risk
49. All of following are true regarding teams EXCEPT:
► Teams are more flexible than traditional departments
► Teams are less responsive to a changing environment
► Teams can serve as a source of job satisfaction
► Teams better utilize employee talents
50. If you get more output from a given input, you have:
► Decreased effectiveness
► Increased effectiveness
► Decreased efficiency
► Increased efficiency
51. Constituencies in an organization’s external environment that are affected by the
organization’s
decisions and actions are called:
► Stakeholders
► Advisories
 ► Beneficiaries
► Environmentalists
52. European Union was established in:
► February 1992
► January 1994
► July 1992
► November 1993
53. Operational plans are normally associated with which of the following organizational
level?
► Global level
► Corporate level
► Business level
► Functional level
54. Which of the following is the set of strategic alternatives that an organization chooses
from, as it conducts business in a particular industry or market?
► Business-level strategy
► Corporate-level strategy
► Functional-level strategy
► Market-level strategy
55. In BCG matrix which of the following businesses have a very small share of a market and
are not expected to grow?
► Star
► Dogs
► Cash cow
► Question mark
56. When managers delegate authority, they must allocate equal:
► Responsibility
► Power
► Money
► Influence
57. Which of the following organization is responsible for the development of small business
in Pakistan?
► SMEDA
► BISE
► ICMA
► PCSIR
58. Which of the following creates the “Dual Chain of Command?”
► Team based and Project Structure
► Functional and Simple structure
 ► Project and matrix Structure
► Simple and matrix Structure
59. Which of the following is an internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive?
► Fad
► Desire
► Need
► Fashion
60. The statement that people will exercise self direction and self control if they are
committed to the objectives, is true about which of the following?
► Equity Theory
► ERG Theory
► Theory X
► Theory Y
61. According to Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, which of the following is NOT a
hygiene factor?
► Working Conditions
► Salary
► Relationship with supervisor
► Work itself
62. Which of the following group engages in collective work that requires joint effort and
generates a positive synergy?
► Work group
► Work team
► Quality circle
► Functional team
63. Decisions which deal with situations where the factors are fairly structured and occur
with some frequency are called:
► Heuristic decision
► Programmed decision
► Satisfying decision
► Non-programmed decision
64. "Employees dislike work, they are lazy, dislike responsibilities and must be coerced to
perform". Which of the following best describes this statement?
► Hygiene Factor Theory
► Resistance Theory
► Theory X
► Two factors Theory
65. “How long effort is maintained” relates to which of the following approach of performing
a task?
► Intensity
 ► Direction
► Persistence
► Motivation
66. All of the following are the behavioural theories EXCEPT:
► Path Goal studies
► Ohio State Studies
► Michigan Studies
► Iowa Studies
67. Which of the following can be used as a medium of communication in the organizations?
► Manuals
► Meetings
► Face to face discussions
► All of the given options
68. The force that results in greater combined gains/benefits through group interaction is
called:
► Positive synergy
► Negative synergy
► Individualism
► Cohesiveness
69. Which of the given option represents the relationship between ‘Management Science’ &
‘Operation Management’?
► Both are used interchangeably
► Operation management is an applied form of management science
► Management science is an applied form of operation management
► No relationship exists between the two
70. Job activities performed by workers of an organization are served as:
► Input in a system
► Transformation process
► Output offered by organization
► Feedback from the environment
71. Which of the following is the crucial element of team structure?
► Employee empowerment
► Faster decision-making
► Inexpensive to maintain
► Clear chain of command
72. An unsatisfied need creates which type of emotion?
► Anxiety
► Tension
► Drive
► Pressure
73. People who want to exert more power often engage in which of the following activities?
► Visionary leadership
► Reward power
► Office politics
► Charismatic training
74. A specific group of accountants at an accounting firm that meets regularly to develop
better auditing procedures for the firm can be referred as which of the following?
► Task force
► Functional team
► Cross-functional team
► Virtual team
75. It is most appropriate to use oral communication when you have to communicate:
► A monthly report to the CEO on company performance
► An impersonal message to a group of people
► A lengthy welcoming message to a new salesperson
► A brief, time sensitive personal massage
76. Which of the following is a process that involves managers from all parts of the
organization in the formulation of strategic goals?
► Strategic organizing
► Strategic management
► Strategic positioning
► Strategic planning
77. Which of the following is the obligation or expectation to perform a duty?
► Responsibility
► Unity of command
► Chain of command
► Span of control
78. Which one of Fayol’s 14 principles of management helps preserve the concept of a
continuous line of authority?
► Unity of demand
► Unity of command
► Demand structure
► Continuous demand
79. Mr. Kamran is a manager at virtual university of Pakistan. His responsibilities include
developing a organization-wide marketing strategy that plays on the synergies between
institute’s offered Programs in order to drive increased no. of students. Kamran is a:
► Middle manager
► First-line manager
► Top manager
► Non-managerial
80. Which of the following was created by the unification of 12 countries in Europe?
► European Common Market
► European Union
► Western European Alliance
► Trans-European Market
81. Motivation is the result of interaction between which of the following?
► Efforts and situation
► Employee and manager
► Efforts and intention
► Individual and situation
82. Which of the following are the hygiene factors
► Fringe benefits, recognition and motivation
► Achievement, responsibility and growth
► Friendship groups, working conditions and responsibilities
► Company policies, working conditions and salary
83. Which of the following is an example of body language?
► Eye contact
► Style of dress
► Facial expressions
► All of the given options
84. What is the basic assumption of situational approaches to leadership?
► Increasing worker job satisfaction through consideration behavior will get leaders the
best
results
► Initiating structure for employees by telling them what to do and how to do.
► The appropriate leadership style varies from one set of circumstances to another
► Effective leaders possess certain traits that are situation specific
85. Which of the following statement is NOT true for productivity?
► Productivity is a major goal in virtually every organization
► For individual companies, increased productivity means a more competitive cost
structure
► Productivity is a composite of people and operations variables
► Productivity can be improved by dealing with large number of suppliers
86. All of the following are primary management functions EXCEPT:
► Setting goals
► Hiring employees
► Monitoring activities
► Motivating employees
87. Which one of the following is explaining the Entrepreneur in the best way?
► Goals Setter
 ► Decision Maker
► Communicator
► Initiator
88. The success of the business can be judged through:
► Customer satisfaction
► Achieving of Organizational Goals
► Cost price reduction
► All of the given options
89. Which level of management is responsible for making organization wide decisions and
establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization?
► Non managerial staff
► Top management
► Middle management
► First-line management
90. Henry Fayol described principles of management in the form of:
► 11 points
► 12 points
► 14 points
► 15 points
91. When management provides orderly personnel planning and ensures that replacements
are available to fill vacancies, it is called :
► Division of work
► Discipline
► Unity of command
► Stability of tenure of personnel
92. The father of industrial psychology is:
► Robert Owen
► Hugo Munsterberg
► Mary parker Follett
► Max Weber
93. Environment reacts to the output of organization and provides:
► Feed forward
► Input
► Output
► Feedback
94. Which of the following styles of decision making is characterized by individuals who
prefer complete information and consider several alternatives?
► Analytic
► Conceptual
 ► Directive
► Behavioral.
95. The intent of which of the following is to reduce uncertainty by playing out potential
situations under different specific conditions?
► Project management
► Scheduling
► Environmental analysis
► Scenario planning
96. Which of the following is an area in the environment that if exploited may generate high
performance for organization?
► Strength
► Weakness
► Opportunity
► Threat
97. Which of the following is a system in which specific performance objectives are jointly
determined by subordinates and their superiors and progress towards objectives is
periodically reviewed?
► Management by objective
► Management by resources
► Management by authority
► Management by system