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Need Analysis For Waiter

The document discusses the purpose of needs analysis, which is to determine language skills needed by learners to perform roles and address potential students' needs, and describes two approaches: target situation analysis which focuses on learners' needs at the end of a language course, and present situation analysis which examines learners' current ability levels and attitudes at the beginning of a course. It also provides definitions and descriptions of target situation analysis and present situation analysis.

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Jonathan Alexander
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359 views

Need Analysis For Waiter

The document discusses the purpose of needs analysis, which is to determine language skills needed by learners to perform roles and address potential students' needs, and describes two approaches: target situation analysis which focuses on learners' needs at the end of a language course, and present situation analysis which examines learners' current ability levels and attitudes at the beginning of a course. It also provides definitions and descriptions of target situation analysis and present situation analysis.

Uploaded by

Jonathan Alexander
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The purpose of need analysis itself according to Richards (2001) is to find out what language skills the

learners need in order to perform a particular role, to help determining if an existing course adequately
addresses the needs of potential students, to determine which students from a group are most in need
of training in particular language skills, and to collect information about particular problem learners are
experiencing. This means needs analysis can be used for determining which people that have potential
and which one does not have, and the people who had potentials can be trained to develop their
language skills.

Need Analysis Approaches There are two main approaches used in order to carry out a need analysis,
they are Target Situation Analysis (TSA) and Present Situation Analysis (PSA).

Target Situational Analysis (TSA) TSA can be defined as a study to seek out all information about
component condition in a target language that is being learned by ESP learners in the language learning
process. According to Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998) TSA “includes objective perceive and product-
oriented needs” (p. 124). Robinson (1991) described TSA as a need analysis that focuses on students’
needs at the end of language course.

Present Situational Analysis (PSA) PSA can be defined as a study to see current condition of the learners
in beginning of the language course. Robinson (1991) described PSA as a complement to TSA. The PSA
will display the learners’ levels of ability, the language-teaching establishment, the learners’ attitude
toward the language learning and students’ strangeness and weakness.

Need analysis approach Respondent questions


Why is the language needed
How will the langugage be used
What will the content areas be
Who will the learner use the language
with
Where will the language be used
When will the language be used
Do you need English language skills in
your work? If there is please explain.
What activities require English language
skills in your field of work?
What English skills are used more in your
field of work? (reading, writing, listening
or speaking)?
How often do you meet foreign guests?
Is there a specific English standard for use
in hotels if you speak to guests?
What obstacles do you face in handling
foreign guests?
Most foreign tourists come from which
country?
Do different countries cause different
difficulties?
Have you ever experienced
miscommunication with foreign guests?
If there are juniors who handle foreign
guests, what is their difficulty usually?
Does the hotel provide special English
training for restaurant employees?
If we offer to give you English language
training for restaurant employees, will
you be willing to take part?

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