CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

It was in mid-2004 when Mr. Norbert B. Pagaspas decided to venture into

business in the flourishing herbal industry. He established and registered Shanne

Herbal Products in Buenavista, Agusan del Norte to carry out the core intentions

of the business enterprise. After finding a suitable temporary site for the

laboratory, it was then renovated in accordance with Bureau of Food and Drugs

(BFAD) requirements.

With the release of the BFAD License to Operate (LTO) in November 30,

2004, business operations began with just a few workers helping out in the

manufacturing process of the initial batches of Shanne Herb-plus capsules which

were then distributed to a few and selected outlets/pharmacies in Agusan del

Norte and Misamis Oriental.

were needed to run the operations in the three major departments:

Administration, Production Department, and Marketing Department.

the market. The new products were readily accepted. There was a rise in the

gross income on the same year that was mainly attributed to the opening of

business operations in the Visayas area and the expansion of coverage in the

Mindanao operations.
Another factor is the favourable consumer feedback and patronage, and

the management’s commitment to provide high quality herbal products and

innovative marketing strategies.

1
 The business is expected to grow much further in the coming years, and

the volume of the manufacturing process will be beyond the capacity of the

present laboratory. With the advent of the government’s policy on Good

Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for all food manufacturers, management realized

that to renovate and refurbish the laboratory in strict compliance with GMP would

be deemed impractical. Management decided to construct a new 3-storey

laboratory building that will faithfully conform to GMP guidelines and BFAD

requirements.

With the establishment of the new laboratory building, management hopes

to expand its product lines and will soon venture into cosmetics and

pharmaceuticals.

Currently, Shanne Herbal Products operates in 16 key areas in the

Visayas and Mindanao. In Cagayan de Oro City, a Shanne Herbal office can be

located in A&G Arcade, Lapasan Highway. They deliver products within Misamis

Oriental, Camiguin province, and in the Lanao area.

Mission of the Company

Shanne Herbal Products is dedicated to produce high quality products

manufactured in compliance with international safety and quality standards.

2
Vision of the Company

Shanne Herbal Products shall be the preferred company in herbal dietary

supplements and pharmaceutical products offering superior quality, value,

convenience and satisfaction to customers in the Philippines and abroad.

Objectives of the Company

The company aims to provide affordable products that are beneficial to the

health of the people in the country and abroad. It perseveres to provide customer

satisfaction with the highest quality of herbal ingredients. Furthermore, it

promotes the use of natural ingredients in medicinal purposes.

Organizational Chart

Branch Manager

Book Keeper Sales Clerk Sales Representative

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This part tackles the problem that leads to the development of the Sales

System of Shanne Herbal Products.

Specific problems are:

3
 1. Sales data are hard to locate.
2. Up-to-date reports for the use of management are hard to generate.
3. Records are not legibly written, thus causing to the unreliability of

financial data.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The study aims to provide Shanne Herbal Products with an easier and

more modern alternative in doing their sales.

Specifically, it aims to:

1. Provide real-time sales data.

sales.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The findings of this study will be beneficial to the following:

The Management of Shanne Herbal Products. Data and sales analysis

can be performed with the access of real-time information. Thus, the

management will be able to make better decisions and plan accordingly.

The Clerk of Shanne Herbal Products. The over-all system is very

advantageous in increasing the productivity of the clerk. He or she would not

have to manually write them on paper. The system would ensure accuracy and

speed in recording sales transactions.

The Customers of Shanne Herbal Products. The system would also be

beneficial to the customers since it makes reliable outputs of the calculation of

their bills. Customers would be served better and faster by the clerk.

4
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The proposed study is limited to keeping track of sales of Shanne Herbal

Products. It is concerned with reports relevant for the management to make

timely decisions and justifiable assessment of the business. Reports which

present labor auditing are not anymore within the scope of the study. The

limitations of the study include not involving the probability that customers would

carry out credit card transactions. Also, credit is not viable to customers who

directly place orders in the center.

1.6 METHODOLOGY

1.6.1 SOURCES OF DATA

The primary source of data came from an interview with Mrs. Rose

Cabunoc, the book keeper and Ms. Jenny Cagatin, the sales clerk of Shanne

Herbal Products, regarding the company’s background and its business activities

related to sales. The researchers also reviewed some of their source documents

which the management refers to in coming up with reports. Secondary sources

and information were gathered further from academic books and the World Wide

Web.

1.6.2 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

The researchers used the Unified Modeling Language or UML like the

Class Diagram, Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram and Use Case Diagram.

1.6.3 TOOLS

5
 The study aims to develop a Sales System using Microsoft Visual Basic

6.0 for the front-end and Microsoft Access for the back-end.

1.6.4 DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Requirements
definition

System and
software design

Implementation and
unit testing

Integration and
system testing

Operational
Maintenance
Figure 1. Waterfall Model

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

The following are reviews, which show significant learning to the study.

They are grouped into the following headings: Point-of-Sale System Overview,

Sales/Collection Process, and Database Management Software.

Point-of-Sale System Overview

6
 In any business establishment, it’s important to keep records of all

transactions. A Transaction Processing System (TPS) performs the essential role

of collecting and processing the daily transactions of the organization (Lucy,

1997). One TPS is a sales order processing system, or order-entry system. It

routinely records sales orders and also provides data to other systems that fill

those orders, maintain inventory levels, and bill the customer (Schultheis et. al,

1998).

Point-of-Sale (POS) Systems are another facet of the order-entry system.

POS Systems capture data about orders at the point of sale and are frequently

found in fast food chain stores, department stores, and grocery chain stores.

POS Systems provide immediate updates to sales and inventory systems and

allow firms to monitor sales trends minute by minute. They also allow firms to

capture customer data and preferences and add the information to their data

warehouses (Schultheis et. al, 1998).

The POS System allows simple ordering through its features such as

unlimited menus with pictures, on screen review for modification, automatic

calculation of tax and tender, tracking of complete audit trails, and quick tender

keys. Furthermore, it can offer automatic calculation of profit margin percentage,

instant reports, built-in real-time data, and the ability to manage the register from

a back office computer. The reports that can be generated are the following:

Sales and Profits, Top Sellers and Worst Sellers, Shopping List, Sales by

Category, End of Day Report, Daily Financial Summary, and Hourly Sales

Report.

7
Sales/Collection Process

The objective of the sales/collection process is to sell and deliver goods

and services to customers and collect payment. The finished goods and services

from the conversion process are sold to customers (external entities) in

exchange for their payment, usually in the form of cash (Haag et. al, 2005). The

sales/collection business process is sometimes called the revenue transaction

cycle or the order to cash mega-process; therefore, one must look past the labels

an enterprise assigns to its various activities and examine the substance to

identify the sales/collection process for a given enterprise. Information from the

sales/collection process can provide decision-making support for many

information customers (Dunn et. al, 2005).

Database Management Software

In order to carry out the system’s task, a database is necessary. A

database is a file of data structured in such a way that it may serve a number of

applications. The data structures and relationships require highly technical

software – known as the Database Management Software (DBMS) – to deal with

them. The DBMS is a complex software system which constructs, expands and

maintains the database. It also provides the link, or interface, between the user

and the data in the base (Lucy, 1997).

Data collection begins with a transaction (e.g. taking a customer order)

and results in data that serves as input to the TPS. The Product ID for each item

is determined, and its price retrieved from the item database. The Point-of-Sale

TPS uses the price data to determine the customer’s bill. The store’s inventory

8
and purchase databases record the number of units of an item purchased the

date, the time, and the price. The inventory database generates a management

report notifying the store manager to reorder items that have fallen below the

reorder quantity. The detailed purchases database can be used by the store or

sold to marketing research firms or manufacturers for detailed sales analysis

(Stair and Reynolds, 2008).

The important of recording sales in the most accurate way could not be

stressed more than enough. To Haag et. al (2005), sales are the life-blood of

most companies. Without cash flows from sales, companies cannot remain in

business very long. In a rapidly changing, ever more competitive Information Age

economy, every organization that wants to grow must sooner or later develop an

effective sales and inventory system.

CHAPTER III

REQUIREMENTS, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.1 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM

Shanne Herbal Products’ current system employs a manual way in

conducting sale transactions. The steps indicated below comprise a summary of

business activities undertaken to process the sales:

9
 1. The clerk lists in an official receipt the customer’s orders, indicating the

quantity and the amount of each product.

2. The customer pays the total amount indicated in the official receipt.

3. The clerk gives a copy of the official receipt to the customer, while another

copy is left to files.

4. All official receipts collected by the clerk from the day are handed over to

the book keeper for recording and preparing the daily sales report.

5. In a sales transaction involving delivery of products to different outlets, the

process starts with a telephone notification by the outlet for delivery of

ordered products.

6. A delivery receipt is prepared by the clerk, and sent to the ordering outlet

together with the products.

7. The receiving clerk of the outlet acknowledges the delivery receipt and a

copy of it is sent back to the center for recording of account receivables.

8. When payment is made by the outlet, the record is updated by the clerk

and a copy of cash invoice is prepared to be sent to the outlet.

3.2 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED SYTSTEM

The proposed system employs an electronic way of recording sale

transactions where the clerk will only enter into the system the order placed by

the customer. Below are the steps involved with the proposed system:

10
 1. Before the clerk conducts the sale transactions toward his customers, he

or she confirms the authority to do so by logging in his username and

password to the system.

2. The clerk enters the customer information, the purchase and the payment

details of the customer.

3. An official receipt is then printed out for the customer.

4. In a sales transaction involving delivery, the clerk enters the outlet

information into the system, including the ordered items.

5. A delivery receipt is then printed out to be sent to the outlet together with

the ordered products.

6. The clerk saves the total accounts receivable of that outlet for future

reference.

7. When payment is made, the accounts receivable record of the outlet is

updated.

3.3 ANALYSIS OF REQUIREMENTS

Shanne Herbal Products Sales System offers financial reports and the

necessary forms essential in monitoring and conducting sales transactions.

INPUTS

 Customer Information

11
  Order Information

 Payment Information

 Outlet Information

 Sales Order Details

 Outlet Payment Details

PROCESSES

During a sales transaction, the system records the customer’s information,

customer’s order and payment. On the other hand, when an outlet makes sales

orders, the system records and saves the outlet information, the sales order

details, and the payment details of the company when due.

OUTPUTS

 Invoices

 Rejected Sales Order Notice

 Delivery Receipt

 Accounts Receivable Information

 Financial Report

 Sales Report

 Summary of Delivery

3.4 SYSTEM DESIGN

3.4.1 CONTEXT DIAGRAM

Direct Outlets
Customers
0

Shanne
Herbal 12
Management Products Accounting
Sales
System
3.4.2 USE-CASE DIAGRAM
Logs to
System

Add Customer
Information

Add Customer
Orders

Check 13
Discount
Cancel Accounts
Print
Save
Print
Check
Add
Save
Save
Invoice
Outlet
Delivery
Account
Outlet
OptionsOutlet
Receivable
Information
Customer
Receivable
Orders
Payment
Receipt
Record
Sales Clerk

Printer
<<Participate>>

Generate
Reports

Manager
Update
Records

14
3.4.3 ACTORS DESCRIPTION

The actors in the system are the sales clerk and the manager. The

supporting actor is the printer. Below are their descriptions:

Sales Clerk – The sales clerk is an employee whose job is to administer sales

transactions towards customers and outlets’ representatives. As the main person

to conduct sales, he is given the authority to enter sales data into the system. He

has the right to update records, to save pertinent data, and delete accounts.

Manager – The manager monitors the financial status and the business activities

of the company. Thus, he has the right to access the database and extract

information from it through reports. He has also the authority to update, change,

or delete any data and/or information regarding the products.

15