POWER

GENERATIO
N
THROUGH
SPEED
BREAKERS
 A Project Report on

“POWER GENERATION THROUGH SPEED BREAKERS”

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
JYOTHISHMATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES,
KARIMNAGAR
SESSION 2019-2020

Under the Guidance of

Chandra Shekar
(HOD)

Under the supervision of

U. Sai Prasanraj
(Assistant prof.)

Submitted by :-

Bushra Sultana 18271A0305

M. Sai Kumar 18271A0310
Rayyan Shoeb 19275A0305
R. Mahesh 18271A0306
 V. Nikhil 4 19275A0311

CONTENTS
Abstract_____________________________________1
List of figures
Chapter 1: Introduction of the project
1.Introduction.
2.Motivation.
Chapter 2: Demonstration of the project
3.Components and material used.
4.Working principle
5.Block diagram
Chapter 3: Design parameters
6.Output power calculations
7.Design specifications
8.Cost analysis
Chapter 4: Scope of the project
9.Scope, merits and uses
10.Advantages&Disadvantages
Chapter 5: Conclusion
11.Conclusion
Chapter 6: Reference
12.Reference
 ABSTRACT

Generally, we see many vehicles passes on the busy road. Nearly 100
vehicles Passes every minute electricity can be produced form the motion of the
vehicles. The kinetic energy from the vehicle is converted into electrical energy
this is the widely used concept in the Project “POWER GENERATION THROUGH
SPEED BREAKERS”.

A DC motor which converts rotary motion into electrical energy. A roller is

connected to a DC motor and it is placed at the speed breakers then when a
vehicle passes through it vehicle rotates the roller and it gain rotary energy due
to kinetic energy. Therefore, it is observed by the DC motor and it gradually
convert the rotation energy to the electrical energy.

As per the project we can produce electricity from the busy traffic, we can utilize
the power to glow the traffic light at the night and this energy can be used for
the multiple domestic uses. It was also observed that as the number of
electricity for the street light is easily achieved due to maintenance of the
rechargeable battery .In some counties like Indonesia ,New jersey it is observed
that many speed breakers on the roads generating electricity .These techniques
were very used ,if we are in a position to implement in Indian roads.
 INTRODUCTION

In the present world, energy crisis is one of the main problems and issues
which are under focus, we have shortage of conventional resources of energy
and most conventional resources like fossil fuel etc. Are not ecofriendly and also
cause pollution. Now it’s time to move towards solution of energy crisis with
the factor in mind that solution should be ecofriendly. As population of the
world increasing rapidly, vehicles which are related to population are also
increasing on roads. when vehicle passes over the road a large amount of
energy is being wasted in different forms like friction, kinetic energy. We can
make use of this energy and could generate power. There is a need to develop
non –renewable energy source.

In order to solve this problem of energy crisis we are introduce one of such
method which is generation of electricity by using speed breakers. This method
includes simple energy conversion from mechanical to electrical. we can
develop electricity from speed breakers by using any one of the following 3
different mechanism

1. Roller mechanism

2. Rack-pinion mechanism

3. Crank-shaft mechanism
 ROLLER MECHANISM:-

A roller is fitted in between a speed breaker and some kind of a grip is

provided on the speed breaker so that when a vehicle passes over speed
breaker it rotated the roller. This movement of roller is used to rotate the shaft
of DC generator by the help of chain drive which is there to provide different
speed ratios .As the shaft of DC generator rotates ,it produces electricity this
electricity is stored in a battery .Then the output of the battery is used to lighten
the street lamps on the road. Now during day time we don’t need electricity for
lightening the street lamps so we are using a control switch which is manually
operated. The control switch has ON/OFF mechanism which allows the current
to flow when needed.
 RACK AND PINION MECHANISM :-

Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear motion, but
sometimes we use them to change linear motion into rotary motion.

They transform a rotary movement (that of the pinion) into a linear movement
(that of the rack) or vice versa.

We use them for sliding door moved by an electric motor. The rack is attached
to the door and the pinion is attached to the motor. The motor moves the
pinion which moves the pinion which moves the rack and the door moves.
 CRANK SHAFT MECHANISM:-

The crankshaft is a mechanism that transforms rotary movement into linear

movement, or vice versa.

For example, the motion of the pistons in the engine of a car is linear (they go
up and down) but the motion of the wheels has to be rotary.

POWER GENERATION THROUGH ROLLER MECHANISM

 The system is made up of roller which rotates due to pressure excerpted
by vehicle passing over it. The wasted kinetic energy of the of the vehicle is
converted into electrical energy by roller mechanism

We are using roller mechanism; This setup won’t damage the vehicle or it’s fuel.
The main advantage is that they produce energy free of charge. The electro
kinetic power generation is capable of generating around 10KW of electricity
which can then be used to power road signs, traffic light and street light or
stored in batteries for future use

Though several energy conversion methods can be used to store electricity in

the battery. As the number of vehicle increase day by day, this system will be
useful to solve the energy crisis problem.

COMPONENTS USED IN THE PROJECT

 1. ROLLER :-

2. BEARINGS :-

A bearing is a device to allow constrained relative motion between two are

more parts, typically rotation or linear movement. Bearings may be classified
broadly according to the motion they allow and according to their principle of
operation as well as by the directions of applied loads they can handle. The type
of bearing used here is rolling element type bearing which is widely used,
relatively high friction suffers from station in some applications.  depending
upon the application, lifetime can be higher or lower than rolling element
bearing used here rolling element type bearing which is widely used, relatively
high friction, Suffers from Station in some applications. Depending upon the
application, life time can be higher or lower than rolling element bearing

2. DC MOTOR:
AS DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical Machines that convert direct
electrical energy into mechanical energy. The most common types rely on the
forces produced by magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors have some
internal mechanism, either electromechanical or electronic, to periodically
change the direction of current flow in Part of the motor.

In this project a Dc motor of 9v, 5oorpm is used which can able to light 10 LED at
a time. Any time before they needed replacing

4. LED:

The output produced by the Dc generator can be realized effectively by applying

LED at their terminals. The brightness of LED can observed to determine the
output voltage roughly A Light-emitting diode (LED) Is two-lead Semiconductor
light Source, it is a P-n junction diode that emits light when activated. When a
Suitable Voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with
electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form photons. LEDs are
typically small (less than 1mm, 2mm) and integrated optical component may be
used to shape the radiation pattern. Suitable for environmental and task lighting
LEDs have led to new display and Sensors, while their high switching rates are
useful in advanced Communication technology.

LED have many advantages over incandescent light source, including lower
energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved physical robustness, smaller size,
and faster switching. Light-emitting diodes are used in applications as diverse
aviation lighting, automotive head lamps, advertising, general lighting, traffic
signals, camera flashes, and lighter wallpaper

5. CONTROL SWITCH:

A switch is an electrical component that can make or break an electric circuit,

interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another. The
mechanism of a switch removes or restores the conducting path in a circuit when
it is operated. it is operated manually. The control switch is connected by wire to
the output of the battery. The control Switch has on/off mechanism, which allows
the current when needed.
 MATERIAL USED

1 .PLYWOOD:

Plywood is a material manufactured from thin layer or “plies" of wood Veneers

that are glued together with adjacent layer having their wood grain rotated up to
90 days to one another. It is an engineered wood from the family of manufactured
boards which include medium density fiberboard and particle board. A plywood
having dimensions of 600mm*450mm is used in the project as a base

3.COLORED SHEETS:

Colored sheets such as yellow and black color sheets are used. These are used
to give a outlook of traffic road environment.

4. THERMOCOL SHEETS:
Thermocol is a polystyrene. it is a synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon polymer made
from the monomer styrene. This can be a solid or foamed general purpose
polystyrene is clear, hard and rather brittle. it is an inexpensive resin per unit
weight .

In this project it is used to make the flyover ,speed breaker set up.

5. L-CLAMPS:-

A clamp is a fastening device used to hold or Secure object lightly together to

prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure
.There are many types of clamps available for many different purposes. some are
temporary, As used to position components while fixing them together. It is made
of cast iron or steel .L-clamps are used to hold the Dc-motor which is required to
run the roller arrangement

6. COPPER ELECTRICAL WIRES:-

Copper electrical wires are Safer to use than wires made of most other
conductive metals because they are resistant to heat. It has high electrical
conductivity, its inexpensive, it’s ductile and it’s thermal resist. This wires used in
the project to connect LED and other electrical connections

7. ELECTRIC SOLDERING IRON:-

A Soldering Iron a hand tool used in Soldering. It Supplies heat to melt solder so
that it can flow into the joint between two work pieces soldering irons are most
often used for installation, repair, and limited production work in elections
assembly. It is generally used here to solder the copper wires and LED terminals.

8. RECHARGEABLE BATTERY:-
The output produced by Dc generator is used to charge the battery and is used
for various purposes. A rechargeable battery, storage battery, secondary cell, or
accumulation is a type of electrical battery which can be charged, discharged into
a load, and recharged many times as opposed to a disposable or primary battery,
Which is supplied fully charged and discarded after use. It is composed of one or
more. electrochemical cells. Rechargeable batteries are produced in many
different shapes and Sizes, ranging from button cells to megawatt systems
Connected to stabilize an electrical distribution network Several different
combinations of electrode materials and electrolytes are used, including lead-
acid, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), nickel metal hydride (Ni MH) lithium-ion (Li-ion) and
lithium-ion polymer.

Rechargeable batteries typically initially cost more than disposable batteries, but
have much lower cost more than disposable batteries, but have a much lower
total cost of ownership and environmental impact, a they can be recharged
inexpensively

Working principle
In this project specially designed roller is arranged at the speed breakers, which
directly absorb the kinetic energy of the moving vehicles and converts them to
rotational energy and there by rotating the generator to produce the electrical
powers.

In this mechanism a roller is fitted in between a speed breaker and some

kind of grip is provided on the streets so that when a vehicle passes over it rotates
the roller. As the shaft of DC generator rotates, it produces electricity. This
electricity can be stored in a battery we can use this stored electricity as per our
requirement output of battery is used to lighten the street lamps on the road.
Now during day time we don’t need electricity for lightening the street lamps so
we are using a control switch which is manually operated. The control switch is
connected by wire to the output of the battery. The control switch has on/off
mechanism which allows the current to flow when needed. The electric generator
is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, using electro
magnetic induction of electricity is possible using road track.

Conversion of loss of kinetic energy of moving vehicles into generation of

electrical power is explained through block diagram as shown in fig. when
automobile vehicles are moving on the speed breaker, the speed breaker pressing
downward and the developed mechanism to energize the battery i.e., produced
electric current from mechanical energy. As supplying continuous rotational
motion to electric generator, then it generates electric power which is utilized to
end user applications like streetlights, traffic signal and lamps etc.,

BLOCK DIAGRAM
In this project the specially designed roller which directly absorbs the kinetic
energy of the moving vehicles and converts them to rotational energy and there
by rotating the generator to produce the electric power.

Speed breaker arrangement

Roller arrangement

Dynamo shaft

Charge control/switch

Battery

Street lights

OUTPUT CALCULATIONS:-

Calculations for power

The mass of a vehicle moving over the speed breaker = 205kg (approximately)

Height of speed breaker = 5cm

Work done = force*distance

Force = weight of the body

Force = 205kg * 9.81 (gravity)

Force = 2011.05N

Distance travelled by the body =

Height of the speed breaker = 5cm

Output power = work done/sec

= 2011.05*0.05

Output power = 1.67 watts (for one pushing forces)

Power developed for vehicle passing over the speed breaker arrangements for
one minute =1.67watts

Power developed for 60minutes (1hr) = 100.2watts

Power developed for 24hours = 2.3kw

This power is sufficient to burn four street lights in the roads in the night
time

2.MOTIVATION
The growth of the nation is indicated by the utilization of energy in that country.
We need electricity for every small thing. So this research is a small step to fulfil
the requirement of increasing electricity demand and contributes something for
the society. The project introduce a generation system of energy from streets. It
produces electrical energy proportional to traffic density which shows possibility
of collecting large amount of energy In busy cities. By adopting this arrangement,
the load on present electrical sources can be minimized to some extent.

It is suitable for parking of multiplexes, malls, tool booths, signals etc., also used
to charging batteries and using them to light up the streets, etc., such speed
breakers can designed for heavy vehicles, thus increasing input torque and
ultimately output of generator.

ADVANTAGES
  low maintenance cost
 low installation cost
 Pollution free power generations
 Simple constructions, mature technology and easy
maintenance
 No fuel transportation problem
 No consumption of any fossil fuel which is non-renewable
source of energy.

DISADVANTAGES

 We have to check the mechanism from time to time

 It can get rusted in rainy season

Conclusion
In the coming days, demand for electricity will be very high as it is increasing
every day. Speed breaker power generation will prove a great boom to the
world in the future. The aim of this project is to introduce another innovative
method of green power generation in order to contribute to word, developing
the world by enriching it with utilization of available resources in more useful
manner. Any country especially India and other developing nations can only
develop when there is steady and available power supply for its citizens and not
by getting breakdown in middle course of time or unreliable power sources.
Now time has come for using these types of innovative ideas and it should be
brought into practice