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Samarat al-Aqaid
A collection of 350 Islamic Beliefs

With references to 563 verses of the Qur’an and

373 Hadiths

Author

Hadhrat Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi

Translated from Urdu to English by:

Dr Mufti Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi

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Book Details

Book Name: Samarat al-Aqaid

Author: Hadhrat Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi
Translator: Dr Mufti Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi
Page:
Printing Year: 2021 /1442
Publisher:

Author’s Contcat Details:

Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi

70 Stamford Street, Old Trafford

Manchester, England - M16 9LL
Email: [email protected]
Mobile: (0044) 07459131157
Website: samiruddinbooks.co.uk

Translator’s Contact Details:

Dr Mufti Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi

Deoband, India
Email: [email protected]
Mobile: (0091) 9457049675
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CONTENTS
CONTENTS ......................................................................................3

EMINENT FEATURES OF SAMARAT AL-AQAID ..............28

AKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................29

ENDORSEMENT ..........................................................................30

APPRECIATION ........................................................................... 31

INTRODUCTION .........................................................................32

PREFACE ........................................................................................ 34

01 - ALLAH AND HIS EXISTENCE .......................................... 37

ALLAH is His Real Name, Other Names are Attributive............................ 37

Allah is Eternal and Ever-Living ............................................................... 38

Allah will not Perish and Die ................................................................... 39

Life is of Four Types: ............................................................................... 39

There is None Like Allah .......................................................................... 39

Allah is Neither Father of anyone nor He has parents ............................. 40

Allah Neither Sleeps nor it is Appropriate for Him .................................. 41

Allah is Powerful Over all Things ............................................................. 42

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Allah is Creator of all Things.................................................................... 43

To Allah Belongs all the Universe ............................................................ 43

Allah is the Master of the Day of Judgment ............................................ 44

Allah is Free from Bodily Form ................................................................ 45

Allah is Beyond Direction and Place ........................................................ 45

To Allah Belongs All Praise ...................................................................... 45

Allah is from Telling Lie ........................................................................... 46

Allah is All-Hearing, the All-Seeing .......................................................... 47

Allah is All High, the Supreme ................................................................. 48

Allah is the All-Sustainer ......................................................................... 49

We Must not Seek Provision and Livelihood but from Allah ................... 49

None Can Remove Distress but Allah ...................................................... 50

Allah Alone Can Give Child ...................................................................... 51

02 – REWARD OR PUNISHMENT IS NOT WAJIB ON

ALLAH ............................................................................................ 55

Whatever Allah Gives to Us is His Mercy................................................. 56

Ahl al-Sunnah Believe that Allah is the Creator of Good and Bad............ 57

Allah Loves Those Do Good Deeds and Dislikes Those Who Do Bad Deeds
............................................................................................................... 57

All Attributes of Allah are Eternal and Everlasting .................................. 58

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03 - ATHEISTS SHOULD BELIEVE IN ALLAH.....................60

Why Believe in Allah? ............................................................................. 61

Can You Die Yourself? ............................................................................. 61

You Cannot Remain Young Always.......................................................... 61

Can You Live up to 125 Years? ................................................................ 62

One Who Gives Death is Allah ................................................................ 62

Believe that Allah is the Creator ............................................................. 63

04 - ROOYAT AL-BAARI (SEEING ALLAH) ..........................64

First Group .............................................................................................. 65

2: Second Group ..................................................................................... 68

3: Third Group......................................................................................... 68

4: Fourth Group ...................................................................................... 69

Believers Will See Allah in the Hereafter................................................. 69

05 - TOP TEN VIRTUES OF THE MESSENGER (‫ )ﷺ‬.............73

(1) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬will be Granted al-Shafa’at al-Kubra ...... 73

(2) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬will be Granted Hauz al-Kauthar............ 75

(3) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬will be Granted Waseelah ..................... 76

(4) The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) will
be Granted Liwa al-Hamd ....................................................................... 78
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(5) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬is Khatim al-Anbiya ............................... 78

(6) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬is Prophet for All Humanity ................... 79

(7) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬was Ascended in Me’raj and Shown Great
Signs ....................................................................................................... 81

(8) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬was Granted Qur’an .............................. 82

(9) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬is the Beloved of Allah ........................... 82

(10) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬was the Head of All People who Passed
Earlier and who shall Come..................................................................... 83

We Should not Exceed the Limit in Praising the Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬............. 84

06 - THE MESSENGER (‫ )ﷺ‬IS HUMAN BEING, BUT

SUPERIOR TO ALL ......................................................................86

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is the Most Beloved of All ............................................ 86

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to Declare He is Human Being ..................... 87

The Hadiths also Declare that He was Human Being ............................... 88

Human Being is Superior to Angels ......................................................... 90

The Ahl al-Sunnah Believe that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is the Superior to All
Except Allah ............................................................................................ 91

Verses that Call Human Beings Superior to Angels .................................. 91

Hindus Believe that their Gods and Goddesses Get Incarnation of

Supreme God .......................................................................................... 94
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Verses and Hadiths that Create a Doubt that the Prophet was a Noori
Person .................................................................................................... 94

Noor was Used in the Qur’an for Five Meanings ..................................... 97

1. ‘Noor’ Means ‘the Quran’ in These Two Verses................................... 97

2. ‘Noor’ Means ‘Iman’ in These Two Verses........................................... 98

3. ‘Noor’ Means ‘Rulings’ in This Verse ................................................... 98

4. ‘Noor’ Means ‘Religion’ in These Verses.............................................. 99

5. ‘Noor’ Means ‘the Prophethood’ of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬.......................... 99

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Should not be Called ‘Human Being’ in Disrespect ..... 100

Hadith of Noor is not Established.......................................................... 101

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Himself Forbade to Exaggerate About Himself ........... 103

07 - THE PROPHET (‫ )ﷺ‬IS ALIVE IN GRAVE ..................... 104

His Life in Grave is Better than this World and His Holy Body is Completely
Safe....................................................................................................... 104

Martyrs are Alive, then Prophets are Also Alive as they are Superior to
Martyrs ................................................................................................. 107

Common People are Also Given Life in the Grave ................................. 109

Both Body and Soul Taste Torment in Graves ....................................... 110

Barzakhi Life is Greater than the Worldly Life ....................................... 113

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Had a Only Worldly Death.......................................... 115

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Some Scholars are of the View that Souls of a Believer Roams Around 116

Those in Hell Will Beseech to Return to the World ............................... 118

Hindus Believe that their Deities Roam Around in the World ............... 119

08 - THE PROPHET (‫ )ﷺ‬IS NOT OMNIPRESENT AND

OMNISCIENT .............................................................................120

Being Present is of Three Types ............................................................ 120

Being Omnipresent and Omniscient is the Attribute of Allah Alone ...... 120

Allah Sees Everything and Everyone: Allah is Omniscient ..................... 122

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not Omnipresent................................................. 123

Hadiths Establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not Present....................... 125

Bearing Witness in the Judgment Day does not Require to be

Omnipresent and Omniscient ............................................................... 129

Verses which Some Present as Proof for Hazir and Nazir ...................... 132

Witnesses Will be Called from All Ummah, So can They be Called Hazir
and Nazir .............................................................................................. 134

Shahida Has Three Meanings ................................................................ 135

These Hadiths Are Wrongly Considered to Prove Hazir and Nazir ......... 137

Hindus Believe that the Deities are Omnipresent and Omniscient ........ 140

09 - ALLAH ALONE IS MUKHTAR-E-KUL..........................141

Authorities are of Four Types................................................................ 141

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(1) Allah Alone Has Full Authority Eternally .......................................... 141

(2) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Assigned Many Authorities in this World ....... 142

(3) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Would be Given Four Special Authorities on

Judgment Day ....................................................................................... 144

(4) None Has Authority to Harm and Benefit Except Allah .................... 147

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare that he Has no Authority to Harm

and Benefit ........................................................................................... 148

Verses which Establish that the Porphet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not Granted many
Powers .................................................................................................. 149

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has No Power to Pass a Ruling without the Will of Allah
............................................................................................................. 150

Whatever the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Did was with the Permission of Allah ......... 151

Allah’s Power is Endless, so how can this be Achieved by the Prophet (‫?)ﷺ‬
............................................................................................................. 152

Hadiths Establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Does Have Absolute Authority 153

Hindus Believe that their Deities Have Absolute Powers ...................... 156

10 - ALLAH ALONE HAS THE KNOWLEDGE OF GHAIB

.........................................................................................................157

Ilm al-Ghaib is of Three Types ............................................................... 157

Only Allah has Absolute Ilm al-Ghaib Zati ............................................. 158

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare that He Does not Know the Unseen
............................................................................................................. 163
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The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare that Whatever Knowledge He Has

is Through Revelation ........................................................................... 165

These Five Things are not Known to Anyone except Allah .................... 166

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare: Had He known the Unseen, He

Would have been Unharmed ................................................................ 167

Hadiths Say that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Did not Have the Knowledge of the
Unseen ................................................................................................. 168

While Making Greater Intercession He Will be Taught How to Praise Allah

............................................................................................................. 171

Believing in Ilm al-Ghaib for other than Allah is Disbelief ..................... 171

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Given Knowledge of Many Unseen Things .......... 172

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Given the Knowledge of Unseen Things in Seven

Ways ..................................................................................................... 172

(1) Ghaib Through wahy i.e. Divine Revelation ..................................... 173

(2) News of the Unseen......................................................................... 173

(3) The Unseen is Disclosed to the Prophet by Allah ............................. 174

(4) The Unseen is Intimated to the Prophet by Allah............................. 174

(5) The Unseen was Presented before the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬........................ 175

(6) The Jannah and Jahannam were Presented before the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬175

(7) Some Things of the World were Presented before the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬176

The Verses that Create Doubt of Absolute Ilm al-Ghaib ........................ 176
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Hadiths that are Presented to Prove Ilm al-Ghaib for the Prophet ........ 179

Is there One Except Allah who Knows Everything of us? ....................... 186

Hindus Believe that their Deities Had Knowledge of the Unseen .......... 187

11 – WE MUST CALL ONLY ALLAH FOR HELP ................188

Seeking Help is of Two Types ................................................................ 188

Solve Four Questions before Seeking Help from a Dead ....................... 188

Prayer Should be Made only to Allah .................................................... 190

Help Should be Sought only with Allah ................................................. 192

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He Cannot Cause Harm or Benefit

............................................................................................................. 193

These Three Verses also State that You Had no Authority .................... 194

How Can They Help You When They Cannot Help Themselves.............. 195

Hadiths Also Assert to Seek Help only from Allah ................................. 198

Help Must be Sought Only from Allah ................................................... 199

These Verses and Hadiths Create Doubt of Permissibility to Pray to the

Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬.......................................................................................... 200

Hindus Believe that Their Deities Help Them ........................................ 202

12 – WASEELAH (SEEKING INTERMEDIATION) ............204

Waseelah is of Five Types ..................................................................... 204

To Supplicate only Allah but with Waseelah ......................................... 205

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Making Waseelah of Righteous Deed.................................................... 209

Requesting an Alive Person for Supplication is Permissible................... 211

Waseelah of an Alive Person is Established by Sahaba.......................... 213

Atrocities of Mujawirs .......................................................................... 213

13 – FIVE IMPORTANT BELIEFS ...........................................215

Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬asked the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to Declare that He Does not Have These
Five Things ............................................................................................ 215

1. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He was a Human Being ........ 215

2. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He Does not Have Ilm al-Ghaib
............................................................................................................. 216

3. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He Does not Have Authority to

Harm and Benefit.................................................................................. 218

4. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare Not to Associate Partner with

Allah ..................................................................................................... 220

5. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare Obey Me In Order to Get

Salvation ............................................................................................... 220

14 – AL-SHIFA’AT (INTERCESSION)....................................222

There Are 8 Ways of Intercession on Judgment Day ............................. 223

Al-Shifa’at al-Kubra (Greater Intercession) ........................................... 224

Other Intercessions ............................................................................... 225

15 – BELIEVING IN PROPHETS ............................................. 229

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Belief in All Prophets is Required to Become a Muslim ......................... 229

Only Some Prophets were Mentioned in the Qur’an by Name.............. 231

All Prophets Taught the Unity of God ................................................... 232

Now it is Necessary to Believe in the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬................................ 233

Giving Superiority a Prophet over another Prophet is not Right ........... 234

Four Major Books were Mentioned in the Qur’an................................. 235

Other Scriptures and Divine Books........................................................ 237

16 – BLASPHEMY OF THE PROPHET (‫ )ﷺ‬............................238

Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is an Act of Great Curse ........................ 238

Abusing the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Openly and Repeating it even after Persuasions

............................................................................................................. 239

An Open Abuser will be Killed ............................................................... 241

Abusing the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Openly will Cause one to be Kafir .................. 242

According to the Second Opinion, the Abuser will be Given Three Day
Time to Repent ..................................................................................... 245

(2) Using Words that Might Cause Disrespect of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬......... 246

(3) Using Words that are Twisted by Opponents to be Abusive ............ 247

(4) Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in Non-Muslim States ...................... 247

Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Grave Issue of the Age ...................... 248
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17 – RESPECT FOR THE SAHABA .........................................250

Respecting and Loving Each Sahabi is Necessary ................................... 250

Muslims Should Have Ultra Love towards Sahaba ................................ 251

What the Qur’an Says About Sahaba? .................................................. 252

These Hadiths Prohibit to Abuse the Sahaba ........................................ 255

The Prophet’s Advices Regarding Disputes of Sahaba ........................... 258

We Should not Indulge in the Disputes of Sahaba ................................. 261

The Ten Sahaba Who Were Given Glad Tiding of Jannah ...................... 261

18 – LOVE OF THE PROPHET’S FAMILY IS PART OF

IMAN ............................................................................................. 263

Who are Counted Among Ahl al-Bait?................................................... 263

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Included the Family of Hadhrat Fatimah Later in Ahl al-
Bait ....................................................................................................... 267

Loving the Ahl al-Bait is Part of Faith .................................................... 269

Virtues of Hadhrat Fatimah (May Allah be Pleased with Her) ............... 272

Why Hadhrat Fatimah (raz) was not Given Inheritance? ....................... 273

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) Promised to Give Grants to Ahl al-Bait ............. 275

Hadhrat Ali (raz) Embraced Hadhrat Abu Bark (raz) .............................. 276

Virtues of Hadhrat Ali (raz), Amir al-Muninin (Leader of the Believers) 277

Exaggeration Regarding Hadhrat Ali (raz) is Dangerous ........................ 279

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Hadhrat Ali (raz) is the Wali (Friend) of all Believers ............................. 280

Virtues of Amir al-Muninin Hadhrat Hasan (Raz) and Hadhrat Hussain

(Raz) ..................................................................................................... 281

Virtues of Hadhrat Khadijah (Raz) ......................................................... 284

Virtues of Hadhrat Ayishah (Raz) .......................................................... 285

Virtues of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (Raz) ........................................................ 287

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) was Superior to all Sahaba ............................... 291

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) Led the Funeral Prayer of Hadhrat Fatimah (raz)
............................................................................................................. 291

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) and Hadhrat Umar (raz) are Fathers in Law of the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬.......................................................................................... 292

Virtues of Amir al-Muminin Hadhrat Umar (raz) ................................... 292

Hadhrat Umar (raz) is the Son in Law of Hadhrat Ali (raz) ..................... 293

Virtues of Amir al-Muminin Hadhrat Uthman (raz) ............................... 294

Hadhrat Uthman (raz) Was so Close to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬that he Married

him his Second Daughter too ................................................................ 295

We Should Love all Relatives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬.................................. 296

The Close Relatives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Whom we Should Love ............ 297

My Teachers Taught So Much Respect!................................................. 298

19 – KHILAFAT (SUCCESSION OF THE PROPHET ‫ )ﷺ‬....299

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What Islam Says Regarding Khilafat ...................................................... 299

Hadhrat Ali (raz) Himself Denied to Have any Assurance ...................... 299

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Indicated to Choose Hadhrat Abu Bakr as Khalifa ...... 302

The Rightly Guided Caliphs Should be Followed in Cases of Contentions

............................................................................................................. 304

Hadhrat Ab Bakr (raz) was Chosen Khalifa with Consensus Opinion ..... 305

Hadhrat Ali (raz) Made Pledge of Allegiance on the Hands of Hadhrat Abu
Bakr (raz) .............................................................................................. 305

It is Unlawful to Oppose an Appointed Khalifa Unnecessarily ............... 307

Duration of Five Caliphs ........................................................................ 307

20 – WHO IS WALI? ...................................................................309

Wali is One Whose Sight Prompts Remembrance of Allah .................... 310

He who is not Follower of Shariah is not a Wali .................................... 311

If a Supernatural Thing is Proved by a Saint, it is Called a Miracle ......... 313

He Who Does not Believe in Allah Cannot Become a Wali .................... 313

21 – ANGELS ................................................................................315

The Angel is Born of Light ..................................................................... 315

The Four Great Angels are mentioned in the Quran .............................. 316

Mention of Hazrat Izrael (Malak Al-Maut) ............................................ 317

Mention of Hazrat Israfil ....................................................................... 318

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Mention of Kiraman Katibin (Scribe Angels) ......................................... 319

Mention of Munkar Nakir ..................................................................... 319

Angels are Subject to Allah's Command ................................................ 320

22 – JINN ....................................................................................... 322

Jinn are Born of Fire .............................................................................. 322

Man is born of dust ............................................................................... 322

Some Jinn are Good and Some are Bad ................................................. 323

Jinn Trouble Humans But not as much as People Think Today .............. 324

Beware of Jinn Contractors ................................................................... 325

Satan is also Born of Fire ....................................................................... 325

Man Cannot See Satan and His Tribe .................................................... 326

23 – HASHR (RESURRECTION) ............................................. 327

The Dead will be Resurrected ............................................................... 328

Allah Almighty Will Be the Owner of the Day of Judgment ................... 329

Everyone Will Be Accounted for in the Hereafter.................................. 329

The Book of Deed Will be Handed Over on the Day of Resurrection ..... 331

The Bridge will be Set Up ...................................................................... 332

24 – MIZAN (THE SCALES) .....................................................334

25 - ALLAH HAS CREATED PARADISE ..............................336

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Allah has Created Hell ........................................................................... 337

Allah will Keep Heaven and Hell Forever............................................... 338

Heaven is a Place of Luxury ................................................................... 339

Hell is a Place of Torment ..................................................................... 339

One who Enters Paradise will Remain there Forever ............................ 339

It is Pre-determined in the Knowledge of Allah that Who will Enter

Heaven or Hell ...................................................................................... 340

26 – THE QUR'AN IS THE WORD OF ALLAH .................... 342

The Word with Allah is Everlasting and the Qur'an We Recite is Mortal 342

The Qur'an is the Word of Allah ............................................................ 343

The Qur'an is Preserved in the Tablet ................................................... 344

The Qur'an was Revealed Little by Little from the Tablet ...................... 344

Whoever calls the Qur'an the word of man is a disbeliever .................. 345

The words Allah Almighty Speaks in the World are Either Through
revelation or from Behind the Scenes ................................................... 346

The Qur'an has not Been and Will not be Distorted .............................. 346

It is Permissible to Recite the Qur'an as per Seven Recitations ............. 347

Allah will Speak to the People of Paradise ............................................ 348

27 – WHERE IS ALLAH?............................................................350

(1) First Group ....................................................................................... 352

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(2) Second Group .................................................................................. 353

(3) Third Group ..................................................................................... 357

(4) Fourth Group ................................................................................... 358

(5) Fifth Group ...................................................................................... 360

(2) Sixth Group ...................................................................................... 361

Opinion of Imam Abu Hanifa (rah) ........................................................ 362

Opinion of Imam Ghazali (rah) .............................................................. 363

Opinion of Imam Tahawi (rah) .............................................................. 364

These Words are also among Mutashabihat ......................................... 364

28 – WHAT IS QALAM (PEN)? ................................................370

What is a Lauh (Tablet)? ....................................................................... 371

29 – WHAT IS IMAN? ................................................................ 373

The Meaning of Faith in Allah ............................................................... 375

The Meaning of Believing in the Books ................................................. 376

The Principle of Accepting the Interpretation of a Complex Verse ........ 377

What it Means to Believe in Messengers? ............................................ 378

One Who will Deny any one of these Six Beliefs He will be a Disbeliever
............................................................................................................. 379

Faith Means Affirmation with Heart and Confession with Tongue ........ 380
20 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Denial of Faith for Fear of Murder ........................................................ 381

We are not Obliged to Look into the Heart ........................................... 382

Practicing is a Part of Faith .................................................................... 383

Kalimah is a Combination of Two Verses .............................................. 384

30 – DESTINY ..............................................................................386

Types of Destiny ................................................................................... 388

One Works as per His Instinct ............................................................... 388

Destiny Should not be Discussed Too Much .......................................... 390

31 – WHAT ARE ISTITA’AT, KASB AND KHALQ? .............391

What is Istita’at (Ability)? ..................................................................... 391

Kasb (Earning) ....................................................................................... 393

Khalq (Creation) .................................................................................... 394

32 – POLYTHEISM IS FORBIDDEN IN ALL HEAVENLY

BOOKS .......................................................................................... 397

The Arabs believed in one God, but They Practiced Polytheism Too ..... 398

Allah will Never Forgive Shirk ............................................................... 399

It is Haraam to Associate Anyone with Allah ......................................... 400

It is Haraam to Worship One other than Allah ...................................... 402

Prostration and Bowing Down is Impermissible for anyone other than

Allah ..................................................................................................... 403
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We Can't Say any Particular Person will Go to Paradise or Hell ............. 405

Definition of Minor and Major Sins ....................................................... 407

One who Commits Major Sin will Ultimately Go to Heaven .................. 408

If One Considers a Major Sin Lawful, He will Become a Kafir ................ 410

Number of Major Sins ........................................................................... 411

33 – WHEN A MUSLIM BECOME AN APOSTATE? ..........413

An Apostate will be Punished by the Qadhi According to Shari’ah ........ 413

There are Three Conditions for Killing an Apostate ............................... 415

(1) The first condition is that there should be an Islamic government... 415

(2) The second condition is that there should be a Shariah judge who
decides the punishment........................................................................ 416

(3) The third condition is that he should be given time of three days for
repentance ........................................................................................... 417

Do not make a polytheist with half a sentence ..................................... 418

What is the Ta’zeer? ............................................................................. 419

What is the Wisdom of Punishing an Apostate? ................................... 420

34 – WHO ARE THE AHL AL-QIBLAH? ...............................421

A Fajir Can Lead the Salah, but it is Makrooh ........................................ 423

Islam is Neither too Strict not too much Soft ........................................ 425

35 – PEERI & MURIDI ...............................................................428

22 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Benefit of Peeri Muridi ......................................................................... 428

Peer can Give these Four Benefits to Their Disciples ............................. 428

If Peer is Pious, He is More Influential .................................................. 430

It is not a Good to Adopt Peeri Muridi to Seek the World .................... 432

Bai’at (Allegiance) is of Four Types ....................................................... 433

(1) To swear allegiance to faith and good deeds ................................... 433

(2) To swear allegiance to Jihad ............................................................ 434

(3) To pledge allegiance to the Caliph ................................................... 435

(4) To pledge allegiance in order to do good deeds ............................... 435

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Used to Take Bai’ah of Women but He did not Touch
their Hands ........................................................................................... 436

The Peer is not Able to Give you some Special Blessing ........................ 437

36 – WHAT IS THE RULING ABOUT WEARING AN

AMULET? .....................................................................................438

Tricks of some Amulets Makers ............................................................ 439

A House Where Amulets are Practiced Continues in Trouble ................ 440

Amulet Gives a little Peace of Mind ...................................................... 441

(1) Legitimate amulet of Qur'an and Hadith .......................................... 442

There are Two Ways to Make Amulet ................................................... 443

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The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Has Recited the Words of the Amulet and Blown on the
Patient .................................................................................................. 444

Supplication in Hadith to Remove Madness.......................................... 446

(2) To write a Verse or a Hadith and Hang it Around Neck .................... 447

It is Highest Degree of Piety not to Hang Amulet .................................. 448

Hanging Amulet Occasionally to Satisfy Himself is Allowable ............... 449

Receiving Compensation is Also Allowable to some Extent................... 451

But One Should not Make a Profession ................................................. 452

It is Permissible to Use Medicine .......................................................... 453

(2) It is Haraam to Seek Help in Amulets from Other than Allah ........... 453

(3) It is Haraam to Use Ambiguous Words in Amulets ........................... 453

(4) Evil Eye ............................................................................................ 454

(5) It is Haraam to do Magic .................................................................. 455

Magic is a Reality .................................................................................. 456

(6) Arraf who Claims to Know the Unseen ............................................ 457

It is not Permissible to Believe the Words of Arraf................................ 457

Worships of Forty Days Are not Accepted by Going to Arraf ................. 457

(7) Casting out the Jinn ......................................................................... 459

37 – VISITING GRAVES ...........................................................460

24 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Forbade Reverence for Graves ................................... 461

What is a Grave? ................................................................................... 461

Visiting Grave is permissible in Order to Remember the Hereafter ....... 462

One is Allowed to Go to Grave with Seven Conditions .......................... 463

Face towards the qiblah while sitting near a grave ............................... 475

Under normal circumstances, women are not allowed to go to the grave

............................................................................................................. 475

It is makrooh to build structure on a grave ........................................... 477

Argument of those who Build Tombs .................................................... 479

Why is there Dome and Tomb over the Grave of the Prophet (‫ ?)ﷺ‬...... 479

It is also Makrooh to make the Grave too High ..................................... 481

It is also Makrooh to Build a Mosque Around the Grave ....................... 481

It is also Makrooh to Light Lamp on Grave ............................................ 482

It is not right to Lay Flowers on Grave ................................................... 483

Strange Fatwa ....................................................................................... 485

It is not Good to Write on Graves ......................................................... 485

Placing Stone as Symbol on Grave is Permissible .................................. 486

It is not Permissible to Offer Prayers facing Grave ................................ 486

Sitting on Grave is Makrooh.................................................................. 487

Contents | 25

It is Makrooh to Trample on Graves ...................................................... 487

One Shoule Take off Shoes While Walking between Graves ................. 488

It is Sunnah to Cook Food for Family of Deceased ................................. 489

It is Makrooh to Gathe at the House of Deceased to Eat ....................... 489

It is not right to announce too much for the deceased.......................... 490

One Should Mourn for more than Three Days ...................................... 491

Sinners will be Tormented in the Grave ................................................ 492

38 – CELEBRATING URS AT GRAVES IS UNLAWFUL ... 495

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Forbade Reverence for Graves ................................... 495

Singing and Playing Drums and Tabla are Haraam ................................ 498

Humming Lyrics is also Makrooh........................................................... 500

Some Argue on the Validity of Qawwali by the Following Hadiths ........ 501

39 – BENEFITTING FORM GRAVES .....................................505

Getting Benefit from Living ................................................................... 505

The Qur'an Mentions Four Types of Faidh ............................................ 506

What is the Meaning of ‘Purification’? .................................................. 508

What Benefits one Can Achieve from Graves and Dead? ...................... 509

No Peer Can Give Special Spiritual Blessings ......................................... 511

Strictness in Mustahab Acts .................................................................. 512

26 | Samarat al-Aqaid

40 – SLAUGHTERING AT GRAVES IS FORBIDDEN ....... 514

(1) Slaughtering in the Name of other than Allah .................................. 514

(2) Slaughtering at Grave or Idol ........................................................... 515

(3) Slaughtering near Grave .................................................................. 517

(4) Slaughtering in the Name of Allah away from Grave ....................... 518

41 – WAILING AND MOURNING ......................................... 520

The Qur'an Asks us to be Patient in Trouble ......................................... 520

Wailing of Relatives Causes Torment to the Deceased .......................... 521

Wailing is Forbidden ............................................................................. 522

If Tears Come out Automatically it is Forgiven ...................................... 523

42 – ISAL AL-THAWAB I.E. DELIVERING REWARD TO

THE DECEASED ......................................................................... 525

Five Key Points to Do Isal al-Thawab .................................................... 525

Three Ways of Isal al-Thawab ............................................................... 527

(1) Delivering Reward to the Deceased by Giving Charity ..................... 527

(2) Delivering Reward by Doing Physical Deeds .................................... 530

(3) Delivering Rewarded By Reciting the Qur'an and Prayer ................. 531

Some People Say that Rewards Cannot be Delivered to the Dead ........ 535

But the Majority of Ulama Say that Rewards Can be Delivered ............ 536
Contents | 27

Mujawirs of Graves Run Business ......................................................... 538

43 – HEARING OF THE DEAD ................................................540

(1) Those who say that the dead do not hear ........................................ 540

(2) Those who say that the dead hear ................................................... 543

(3) The dead do not listen, but listen as much as Allah wills ................. 544

44 – SIGNS OF THE QIYAMAH ..............................................547

We Believe in these Signs of the Hour................................................... 548

Hadhrat Isa (pbuh) will Return to Earth ................................................ 549

Hadhrat Imam Mahdi............................................................................ 551

Dajjal i.e. the Antichrist ........................................................................ 553

Emergence of Yajuj and Majuj .............................................................. 555

The Sun will Rise from the West ........................................................... 556

A Beast will Appear as Sign for Qiyamah............................................... 557

Some Other Sign of Qiyamah ................................................................ 557

 | 28

Eminent Features of
Samarat al-Aqaid
1. The book has been written in a very simple language.

2. Beliefs that are needed today are mentioned.

3. There have been quoted clear verses and authentic hadiths

for each belief.

4. Efforts have been made to get people of all schools to agree.

5. The preachers who give speeches on Fridays can select

verses and hadiths from here and give speeches.

6. The book is written in a very serious way, and is useful for

people of all schools

7. In the beginning of each chapter, the total number of

quoted verses and hadiths are mentioned, and every verse
and every hadith has been quoted with full reference.

8. In this book, there are about 350 fundamental beliefs and

references to the Quranic verses and hadiths were
mentioned to prove those beliefs.

9. There are total 563 verses and 373 hadiths mentioned in this
book to prove the beliefs under 44 titles and 465 subtitles
 | 29

AKNOWLEDGEMENT
Hadhrat Maulana Mufti Abul Qasim Nomani
Mohtamim (Vice-Chancellor)
Darul Uloom Deoband, India

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

I have already found opportunity to see and read several works of

Hadhrat Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi, based in Manchester, England.
In particular, I was impressed by his two works: Samarat Al-Meerath
and Samiri Calendar.

Shamrat al-Aqaid is a recent work by Maulana Samiruddin, which

focuses on the basic tenets of Islam, which were compiled in positive
and simple manner under 44 headings. He has successfully tried to
establish these beliefs from the verses of the Qur'an and the hadiths
of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). This book
mentions the beliefs of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah along with
refuting the beliefs of the deviant sects and all the discussions have
been substantiated by suitable evidences from the Qur’an and Hadith.

I hope that this book will prove to be best guide in the delicate issue
of faith and beliefs. May Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬grant acceptance to this book and
enable the Ummah to benefit from it.

Abul Qasim Nomani

Mohtamim (Vice-Chancellor)
Darul Uloom Deoband

8 Muharram 1441 AH = 8 Sep 2019

30 |

ENDORSEMENT
Hadhrat Maulana Abdul Khaliq Madrasi
Professor of Hadith & Deputy VC
Darul Uloom Deoband, India

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

May praise be to Allah and peace and blessings to the Prophet!

Hadhrat Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi is bestowed by Allah Almighty

with special blessings and good fortune. He has academic depth,
excellent scholarship and great vision. Whenever an ideology comes
up against the Ahl al-Haq, he becomes anxious and his pen starts
writing. In this age, several sects and ideologies have come into
existence, so Maulana's attention was drawn towards this topic and a
tremendous book entitled 'Shamrat al-Aqaid’ was came into being. In
this book, three hundred and fifty beliefs of Ahl al-Haq have been
written in a positive manner which suggests that this will also be
accepted by people just like other books of him.

In his other work ‘Science awr Qur'an’, Hadhrat Maulana Samiruddin

Qasmi has made it clear that the science is a servant to the Qur'an.
The facts towards which Allah had already pointed out in the Qur’an,
the scientists have discovered it now.

I congratulate him and pray that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬make it a popular book

between the masses and the classes. Ameen!

Abdul Khaliq Madrasi

Darul Uloom Deoband

05 Muharram 1441 AH
 | 31

APPRECIATION
Hadhrat Maulana Abdul Khaliq Sambhali
Professor of Hadith & Deputy VC
Darul Uloom Deoband, India

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

May praise be to Allah and peace and blessings to the Prophet!

Hadhrat Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi is representing the Ahl al-Haq

and interpreting thoughts of Ulama of Deoband. He feels the pain
whenever he sees the Deoband School of Thought under attack and
so he picks the pen to write. Recently, he has written a book entitled
'Shamrat al-Aqaid' in a very comprehensive manner in response to
various conflicting ideologies and corrupt beliefs. This book consists
of 350 beliefs of Ahl al-Haq in a very effective and appealing manner.
His another book ‘Science awr Qur’an’ is a popular book among the
scholars and academic circles, in which it has been proved that the
discoveries and inventions of the world are all the creation of the
Creator of the universe and the Creator of the universe has already
pointed out to those facts in His Book ‘the Holy Qur'an, that were
unexplored by the science till now. He has contributed so many other
works in the past which have been received with due importance by
the academic circles.

I congratulate Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi on behalf of Darul Uloom

Deoband and Qasmi fraternity for this valuable work praying Allah
Almighty to grant this book as well popularity and acceptance just like
other books of him, Amen!

Abdul Khaliq Sambhali

Darul Uloom Deoband

4th Muharram 1441 AH

 | 32

INTRODUCTION
Hadhrat Maulana Margoob Ahmad Lajpuri
Hadhrat Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi compiled a great book ‘Samarat
al-Aqaid’ containing the correct beliefs for the protection of Islamic
faith. He presented the verses from Holy Qur'an and Hadiths as
evidences to prove every belief as per the need and style of the time.
The verses of the Qur’an and Hadiths of the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him) have been compiled with full
references.

This book is written in a very simple language. He has brought a lot of

verses in order to prove the beliefs that might be somehow confusing.
Moreover, he quoted a lot of hadiths so that one can be satisfied
about those beliefs, but the beliefs which did not have any
complication, therein he has brought fewer verses and hadiths.

According to his good habit, he does not make fun of anyone even in
gestures, nor does he discuss the controversial issues in length in
order to avoid the book to become long. He has presented only
important things as per the need of the Ummah.

In the present age, a strange fitnah has taken place, and as per the
Hadith, the time has come in which the Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allah be upon him) foretold: “Morning will come upon a man as a
believer, who will be a disbeliever in the evening, and evening will
come upon a believer, who will be a disbeliever in the morning.” May
Allah protect us! Therefore, every Muslim should read this book in the
time of fitnah and correct his thoughts.

Praise be to Allah, I am privileged to read the whole book and found

it useful in every way. If the Ulama study this book and read it out in
Introduction | 33

the mosques before people, it will be helpful in correcting their beliefs

and safeguarding them from all kinds of deviations.

I was able to see and read some books on beliefs in Urdu language.
Despite acknowledging their usefulness, there is no other book like
this one that is comprehensive and full of references to Qur'an and
Hadith.

This book is voluminous, I intend to make a summary of it. If that

summary is completed, it will prove to be very useful for the students
of schools and madrassas, Allah willing. Students should be
encouraged to study this book, it will be very useful for them.
Especially school children should be taught one day a week, because
most of the students of the schools later engage in secular education
and they do not have much time to acquire religious knowledge, and
sometimes such students are weak in beliefs and they become tools
of misguided sects.

May Allah Almighty grant this book good acceptance, may Allah
Almighty prove it to be a good source for the correctness of beliefs,
and may He grant Maulana Samiruddin Qasmi best rewards, in this
world and the hereafter as well as make it a source of salvation for
him, Amen!

Margoob Ahmad Lajpuri

04/08/1439 AH = 21/04/2018 AD
 | 34

PREFACE
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
May praise be to Allah and blessings to His Holy Messenger!

Once some students came to me and requested me to write a book

on beliefs in easy and simple language with references to the Quran
and authentic Hadiths. Moreover, they emphasized that each belief
should be proved only from the verse of the Qur’an and the authentic
hadiths so that it is acceptable to the people of all sects.

I kept on pondering over this idea for many days, then after some
months of hard work, this collection was prepared by the grace of
Allah. May Allah grant it acceptance!

While preparing this book, a lot of help has been taken from al-
Maktabah al-Shamela. In this book, the students' request has been
fully taken into consideration. It proves the beliefs from verses of the
Qur’an and Hadiths. However, the beliefs in which there was a lot of
disagreement, verses and hadiths have been brought in more
numbers so that the reader can be satisfied. But the beliefs which did
not have much agreement, less references were given there, so that
the book may not be long and the reader may not be bored.

I wholeheartedly accept and value the sayings of the scholars, the

sayings of the Companions, the sayings of Tabi'in as well as the
doctrines of Ijma' and Qiyas (consensus and analogy), but in this book
I gave references mostly from the Qur'an and Hadith so that it is more
appealing and easy-to-understand for common people. The book was
written in a simple language so that everyone could read it, and
preferably mentioned the beliefs that are needed more today.
Preface | 35

I also emphasized on verses and hadiths because they are original, all
sects believe in them, the Qur'an and hadiths are the basis of all
beliefs, so it is hoped that these beliefs will be agreed upon by all. Or
let the Muslims at least agree on a major issues, and leave the way
open for detailed issues so that every sect can act in his own way.

It would be a good idea for all sects to come together at least once a
year for the common issues of Muslims, not to make fun of each
other, not to make a fuss and anarchy, but to work together on
common issues and make a decision together so that it is easier to
pressurize the governments. It is a great tragedy that one sect says
something, another says something, and the government sets aside
both the views due to their disagreement, rather ignores us all due to
our weakness.

I have tried to write this book just for the sake of consensus. May this
purpose be fulfilled and may people remember me in their prayers!

The second reason is that the fundamental beliefs regarding Allah and
His attributes, Heaven and Hell will be known only from the Quran
and Hadith. That is why the scholars say that a definite text (al-nass
al-qata’i) is required for a belief. Therefore, I have referred only to the
Quranic verses and Hadiths and have argued from them in all beliefs.

The issue of beliefs is very complex, there is a lot of disagreement

about it, and everyone has a lot of arguments, so it is up to you to
decide whether I have written all the beliefs correctly, and the
arguments presented for them are absolutely correct. I can own my
mistakes wholeheartedly if someone finds any in the book, and I will
be obliged to him to update me in this regard. And I apologise from
the bottom of my heart if anyone is hurt with my words.

Make sure that if I have written something against a clear verse or a

clear authentic hadith, so be sure to let me know, because by
presenting a belief against a clear verse and authentic hadith I would
not like to fall into sin, and I do not want to leave the world with this
36 | Samarat al-Aqaid

burden. Yes, if the Ulama have different opinions, I respect them, but
I left the discussion just to avoid the book to be lengthy.

If any word of the verse was complicated, then the word was solved
from the commentary of Hadhrat Abdullah bin Abbas ‘Tanveer al-
Miqyas’; because this commentary is directly attributed towards a
great Companion, and according to Ulama this commentary is quite
authentic, so I do not deny the other commentaries, but I have chosen
this Tafseer for explanation of some verses.

In this book, special care has been taken not to mention anyone's
name so that he does not feel bad. I have not even hinted or indicated
about anyone, so that he would not be insulted and the disagreement
would not increase. If anyone feels bad, I apologise from the bottom
of my heart. Please, forgive me for Allah’s sake.

I would like to thank all those who have contributed to the writing of
this book. Special thanks to my wife, for providing me with all the help
I needed during compliation of the book. May Allah give her the best
reward in both worlds! Special thanks also to Hadhrat Allama Akhtar
and Hadhrat Maulana Abdul Rauf Lajpuri, they always encouraged me
and took special interest in my book, and continued to give me useful
advices. Maulana Margoob Lajpuri edited the entire book and made
necessary corrections, so I pay special thanks to him, may Allah
Almighty grant him the best reward.

I request all Ulama and pious people to supplicate for me that my

hereafter is set right, and may Allah forgive all my sins, grant me
paradise after death. I am now sixty-eight year old, I am approaching
to my end, my hands are absolutely empty, I don't know when I have
to leave this world, so please remember me in your prayers, that's all
I request.

Samiruddin Qasmi
Manchester, England,
13/2/2018
 | 37

01 - Allah and His Existence

In this regard, 61 verses from the Quran and 4 Hadiths will be
presented.

There are some people who are atheists i.e. they believe there exists
no god, the world was created by itself, there is no doomsday and no
reckoning in the hereafter; therefore there is no need to believe in
Allah and worship Him. These kinds of challenges are faced by all
religions. Therefore, I presented verses from the Qur’an which
establish that there is Allah who has created the universe, He will one
day bring about Qiyamat (doomsday) and destroy everything. Then,
all will be reckoned, and He will grant Jannah (Paradise) to those who
will die with iman (faith in Allah) and one who will die as disbeliever
will be doomed to Jahannam (Hell).

The book emphasizes that death, life, healing, disease, livelihood,

spouse, children and everything is bestowed on us by Allah; therefore
we must worship only Him and we should seek His help in all our
necessities.

ALLAH is His Real Name, Other Names are Attributive

The word ALLAH is the real name of Allah, while the other names of
Him are attributive i.e. they are one of the attributes of Allah. For
example, Razzaq is an attributive name of Allah which means:
‘Provider of Livelihood’ or ‘Sustainer’.

The following verses mentions Allah’s real name:

ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ُ ﱠ ُ َ ُ ُ ّ َ ْ َ ُ َﻮ ْاﻟ َﻮاﺣ ُﺪ ْاﻟ‬

[13:16‫ﺎر ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻗ ِﻞ اﻟﻠﮫ ﺧ ِﺎﻟﻖ ِﻞ ٍء و‬ 1
38 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“…Say, Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the All-
Dominant” (13:16)

َْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[39:4 :‫ُﺳ ْﺒ َﺤﺎﻧ ُﮫ ُ َﻮ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ اﻟ َﻮ ِاﺣ ُﺪ اﻟﻘ ﱠ ُﺎر ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬ 2

“…He is Allah, the Only One, the All-Dominant” (39:4)

Both the verses contain Allah as His real name. There are many other
verses in the Quran which contain His real name i.e. ALLAH.

Allah is Eternal and Ever-Living

Allah is Eternal and Everlasting, He has no beginning as well as has no

end. The Qur’an says:

ٌ ‫ﺎﻃ ُﻦ َو ُ َﻮ ﺑ ُ ّﻞ َ ْ ٍء َﻋ ِﻠ‬ ‫ُ َ ْ َﱠ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻈﺎ ُﺮ َو ْاﻟ‬
[57:3‫ﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻴﻢ ]ا‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﻮ اﻷول واﻵ ِﺧﺮ و‬ 3

“He is the First and the Last, and the Manifest and the Hidden, and He
is All-Knowing about everything”
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
[ 28:88‫ﱡﻞ ْ ٍء َ ِﺎﻟ ٌﻚ ِإﻻ َو ْﺟ َ ُﮫ ]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬ 4

“Every thing is going to perish except His Face” (28:88)

It is mentioned in Hadith:
‫ُ ََْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ٌ َ َْ َ ﱠ‬
َ ْ ‫اﻟﻈﺎ ُﺮ َﻓ َﻠ‬ َ ْ َ َ ٌ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ ُ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ُل‬
‫ﺲ‬ ِ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻵﺧ‬
ِ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ اﻟﻠ ﻢ أﻧﺖ اﻷو ﻓﻠ ﺲ ﻗﺒﻠﻚ ء و أﻧ‬1
َ َ َ َ ََْ ُ َْ َ َْ َ ٌ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ
:‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1179 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻮم‬،‫ﺲ ُدوﻧﻚ ْ ٌء )ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺎﻃﻦ ﻓﻠ‬ِ ‫ﻓﻮﻗﻚ ء و أﻧﺖ اﻟﺒ‬
(6889 /2713

“O Allah, You are the First, there is none before You, and You are the
Last and there is none after You, and You are Evident and there is
01 – Allah and His Existence | 39

nothing above You, and You are Innermost and there is nothing
beyond You.” (Sahih Muslim, Bab al-Dua, P 1179, No. 2713/6889)

Allah will not Perish and Die

Allah is free from being perished and deceased. The Qur’an says:
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
[ 28:88‫ﱡﻞ ْ ٍء َ ِﺎﻟ ٌﻚ ِإﻻ َو ْﺟ َ ُﮫ ]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬ 5

“Every thing is going to perish except His Face” (28:88)

ُ ‫ َو َﺗ َﻮ ﱠ ْﻞ َﻋ َ ْاﻟ َ ّ ﱠاﻟﺬي َﻻ َﻳ ُﻤ‬6

[25:58‫ﻮت ]اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎن‬ ِ ِ

“And place your trust in the Ever-Living who cannot die” (25:58)

Life is of Four Types:

(1) Allah’s Life: He will neither perish nor die, He is Eternal and
Everlasting.
(2) Worldly Life: It is the life of human beings and animals, once they
had no existence, then Allah Almighty created them and one day
they will die.
(3) Barzakh i.e. Life after Death: This is life in grave, this is called
Barzakhi life, this starts after death and shall remain till Qiyamah.
(4) Life in Jannat or Jahannam: This life shall start after entering into
Jannat (Paradise) or Jahannam (Hell) and shall continue forever.

All these types are called ‘life’ but their conditions differ.

There is None Like Allah

There is nothing in the heaven and earth that can be like Allah or His
Attributes, as Allah is Eternal and the other things of the world are
40 | Samarat al-Aqaid

perishable, so how any thing can be comparable with Him or His

Attributes.

ُ َ ْ ُ ‫َْ َ َ ْ َ ٌْ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ر‬
[ 42:11‫ ﻟ ﺲ ﻛ ِﻤﺜ ِﻠ ِﮫ ء و ﻮ اﻟﺴ ِﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺒ ِﺼ ]اﻟﺸﻮ ى‬7

“Nothing is like Him. And He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.” (42:11)

َ ُ َ ُ َ
[112:4‫ َوﻟ ْﻢ َﻳﻜ ْﻦ ﻟ ُﮫ ﻛ ُﻔ ًﻮا أ َﺣ ٌﺪ ]اﻹﺧﻼص‬8

“And equal to Him has never been any one” (112:4)

ً َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ ََ ‫ْ َْ ُ ُ ََ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[34:33‫ ِإذ ﺗﺄﻣﺮوﻧﻨﺎ أن ﻧﻜﻔﺮ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻧﺠﻌﻞ ﻟﮫ أﻧﺪادا ]ﺳﺒﺄ‬9

“when you were directing us to disbelieve in Allah and to set up rivals

to Him” (34:33)

‫ن‬َ ُ َْ َ ْ ُ ََْ ً َ َْ ‫ََ َ ْ َُ ﱠ‬

[2:22‫ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻮا ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﻧﺪادا وأﻧﺘﻢ ﻌﻠﻤﻮ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬10

“So, do not set up parallels to Allah when you know.”

Allah is Neither Father of anyone nor He has parents

Allah has no children and no father and mother, there is none like
Him. Believing in someone as equal to Allah is shirk (polytheism)
which must be avoided.

The Christians believe that the Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him) is
the son of God, similarly the polytheists of Makkah used to say that
the angels are the daughters of Allah, but the Qur’an declares that He
neither begot anyone, nor was he begotten, and He is Besought of all,
needing none.

Here are some verses:

01 – Allah and His Existence | 41

ُ َ ُ َ َ َ َ
‫ َوﻟ ْﻢ َﻳﻜ ْﻦ ﻟ ُﮫ ﻛ ُﻔ ًﻮا‬ ‫ ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ِﻠ ْﺪ َوﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳﻮﻟ ْﺪ‬‫اﻟﺼ َﻤ ُﺪ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﱠ‬ ٌ َ َ ُ‫ُ ُ ﱠ‬
 ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ َﻮ اﻟﻠﮫ أﺣﺪ‬11
ٌ َ َ
[112:1-4‫ ]اﻹﺧﻼص‬ ‫أﺣﺪ‬

“Say, The truth is that Allah is One. Allah is Besought of all, needing
none. He neither begot anyone, nor was he begotten. And equal to
Him has never been any one.” [112:1-4]
ً ‫ﱠ‬ ََ
‫ض َوﻛﻔﻰ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو ِﻛﻴﻼ‬
َْ
ْ‫اﻷر‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬َ ‫ات َو‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ‬
‫ﺎو‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬َ ُ ‫ ُﺳ ْﺒ َﺤ َﺎﻧ ُﮫ َأ ْن َﻳ ُ ﻮ َن َﻟ ُﮫ َو َﻟ ٌﺪ َﻟ‬12
‫ﮫ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
[ 4:171‫]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“He is far too pure to have a son. To Him belongs what is in the
heavens and what is in the earth. And Allah is enough to trust in.”
[4:171]
َْ
ْ ‫اﻷ‬ َ ‫ات َو‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫َﻟ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ْ َ ُ ُ َ َ ْ ُ ً ََ ُ ‫َ ُ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ض‬
ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺎو‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا اﺗﺨﺬ اﻟﻠﮫ وﻟﺪا ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﮫ ﻮ اﻟ‬13
‫ﻐ‬
[10:68‫]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬

“Pure is He. He is Self-Sufficient. To Him belongs what is in the

heavens and what is in the earth.” [10:68]

Allah Neither Sleeps nor it is Appropriate for Him

Here are some verses from the Qur’an:

(Ayat: 14)

َ َ ٌ ُ ُ َْ َ ُ ‫ﱠ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ ﱡ ْ َ ﱡ‬
[2:255‫ﻮم ﻻ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ُﻩ ِﺳ َﻨﺔ َوﻻ ﻧ ْﻮ ٌم ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ‫ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ اﻟ اﻟﻘﻴ‬14

“Allah: There is no god but He, the Living, the All-Sustaining. Neither
dozing overtakes Him nor sleep.” [2:255]
42 | Samarat al-Aqaid

،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮﻟ ﻋﻠﯿ اﻟﺴﻼم ان اﻟﻠ ﻻ ﯾﻨﺎم‬،‫ ان اﻟﻠ ﻻ ﯾﻨﺎم و ﻻ ﯾ ﺒ ﻟ ان ﯾﻨﺎم ۔ )ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬2
(445 /179 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،91 ‫ص‬

“Indeed Allah does not fall asleep and it is not appropriate for Him to
sleep. (Sahih Muslim, P 91, Hadith No. 179/445)

Allah is Powerful Over all Things

ٌ َ ْ َ ّ ُ ََ َ ‫ََ ْ َ َْ ْ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[2:106‫ أﻟﻢ ﻌﻠﻢ أن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ِﻞ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪﻳﺮ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬15

“Do you not know that Allah is powerful over everything?” [2:106]

ٌ َ ْ َ ّ ُ ََ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ ُْ ُ ﱠ‬
[5:120‫ض وﻣﺎ ِﻓ ِ ﻦ و ﻮ ﻋ ِﻞ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪﻳﺮ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬ِ ‫ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﻚ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬ 16

“To Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and of
whatever lies therein, and He is powerful over everything.” [5:120]

َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َْ َ َ َ ُ ُ َْ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
[2:148‫ﻴﻌﺎ ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
ً ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﺟﻤ‬
ِ ‫أﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺗ ﻮﻧﻮا ﻳﺄ ِت ِﺑﻜﻢ‬ 17

“Wherever you are, Allah will bring you all together. Allah is certainly
powerful over everything.” [2:148]

َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ّ َ ْ َ
[2:284‫ﻓ َﻴﻐ ِﻔ ُﺮ ِﻟ َﻤ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء َو ُ َﻌ ِﺬ ُب َﻣ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ 18

“… then He will forgive whom He wills and punish whom He wills.

Allah is powerful over everything.” [2:184]

َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ‫ْ َْ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َْ ََ
‫ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]آل‬ ‫ض واﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ‬ِ ‫ات وﻣﺎ ِ اﻷر‬ِ ‫ و ﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ِ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬19
[3:29‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“He knows what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. Allah is
powerful over everything” [3:29]
01 – Allah and His Existence | 43

َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ُْ ُ ﱠ‬
[3:189‫ض َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ْ‫اﻷر‬
ِ ‫ات و‬ ِ ‫وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﻚ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬ 20

“To Allah belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth. Allah is
powerful to do every thing.” [3:189]

There are forty verses which say that Allah is Powerful to do

everything.

Allah is Creator of all Things

ُ
ُ ‫ﺎﻋ ُﺒﺪ‬ َ
ْ ‫ْ ٍء ﻓ‬ َ ّ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ‫َ ُ ُ ﱠ ُ َﱡ ُ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
[6:102 ‫وﻩ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ ‫ذ ِﻟﻜﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ر ﻜﻢ ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ ﺧ ِﺎﻟﻖ ِﻞ‬ 21

“This is Allah: your Lord, there is no God but He, the Creator of
everything; so, worship Him. He is Guardian over everything.” [6:102]

ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫ُ ﱠ ُ َ ُ ُ ّ َ ْ َ ُ َﻮ ْاﻟ َﻮاﺣ ُﺪ ْاﻟﻘ‬

[13:16‫ﺎر ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻗ ِﻞ اﻟﻠﮫ ﺧ ِﺎﻟﻖ ِﻞ ٍء و‬ 22

“Say, Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the All-
Dominant.” [13:16]

ُ ‫َ ُ ﱠُ ُ َ ُ ُ َ َ ََ ﱠ‬
[40:62‫ ذ ِﻟﻜ ُﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ َرﱡ ﻜ ْﻢ ﺧ ِﺎﻟﻖ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ َﻮ ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬23

“This is Allah, your Lord, the Creator of everything. There is no god

but He.” [40:62]

Allah is the Creator of every thing; therefore we should seek children

from Allah alone, we must not call any saint, it is polytheism and it
causes Allah’s wrath.

To Allah Belongs all the Universe

Here are some verses:

44 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ
ٌ ‫ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ‬ َ ّ ُ َ َ ُ ‫َ ﱠ ُ ْ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ ﱠ‬
[3:189‫ﻳﺮ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫ض واﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ِﻞ‬ ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬
ِ ‫وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﻚ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬ 24

“To Allah belongs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth. Allah is
powerful to do every thing.” [3:189]

َ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ُْ ُ ﱠ‬
[5:17‫ض وﻣﺎ ﺑﻴ ﻤﺎ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬ِ ‫وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﻚ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬ 25

“Unto Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and
what lies between them.” [5:17]

ُ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ َُ ْ َ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ُ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
[5:18‫ض وﻣﺎ ﺑﻴ ﻤﺎ و ِ ﻟﻴ ِﮫ اﻟﻤ ِﺼ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬
ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬
ِ ‫وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﻚ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬ 26

“Unto Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and
what lies between them, and unto Him is the return.” [5:18]

َ َ َ ُ ُ ََُ َ ‫َ ُ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
[36:83‫ﻮت ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء َو ِ ﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ُﺗ ْﺮ َﺟ ُﻌﻮن ] ﺲ‬ ‫ﺎن اﻟ ِﺬي ِﺑﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ ﻣﻠ‬‫ﻓﺴﺒﺤ‬ 27

“So, pure (from every fault) is the One in whose hand is the dominion
of all things. And towards Him you are to be returned.” [36:83]

These verses say that Allah is the Owner of all things.

Allah is the Master of the Day of Judgment

ّ ‫َﻣﺎﻟﻚ َﻳ ْﻮم‬
[1:4 ‫اﻟﺪ ِﻳﻦ ]اﻟﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ 28

“The Master of the Day of Requital.” [1:4]

‫ﱡ‬ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ُْ ْ ُ ََ ‫َ ُْ ُ ْ َ ﱡ‬
‫ر‬
[6:73 ‫ﻗﻮﻟﮫ ا ﻖ وﻟﮫ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻳﻮم ﻳﻨﻔﺦ ِ اﻟﺼﻮ ِ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ 29

“His word is the truth, and His is the kingdom on the day the Horn
shall be blown.” [6:73]
01 – Allah and His Existence | 45

Allah is Free from Bodily Form

Allah is free from bodily form and element etc; since Allah is wajib al-
wujood (nessirily existent), therefore he is free from all these
qualities.
ْ َ ْ ‫َﻟ‬
‫ﺲ َﻛﻤ ْﺜ ِﻠ ِﮫ َ ْ ٌء َو ُ َﻮ ﱠ‬
[42:11 ‫اﻟﺴ ِﻤ ُﻴﻊ اﻟ َﺒ ِﺼ ُ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬ ِ 30

“Nothing is like Him, And He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.” [42:11]

Allah is Beyond Direction and Place

ٌ ُ ْ َ ّ ُ ُ ‫ََ ﱠ‬
[41:54 ‫أﻻ ِإﻧﮫ ِﺑ ِﻞ ٍء ﻣ ِﺤﻴﻂ ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬ 31

“Beware, He is the One who encompasses everything.” [41:54]

ً َ ُ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ﱠ‬
4:126 ‫ﺴﺎء‬ ‫ﺎن اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ُﻣ ِﺤﻴﻄﺎ ]اﻟ‬ ‫ضو‬
ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬
ِ ِ‫و‬ ‫ات‬‫ﺎو‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ َ
ِ ِ ‫وِﻟ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻠ‬ 32
[

“To Allah belongs what is in the heavens and what is in the earth. Allah
encompasses every thing.” [4:126]

These verses tell that Allah encompasses every thing, thus He

encompasses the directions as well; therefore he is beyond
directions.

To Allah Belongs All Praise

َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ َْ ْ
َ‫اﻵﺧ َﺮة َو ُ ﻮ‬ َ ‫ات َو‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫َ ْﻤ ُﺪ ﻟ ﱠﻠﮫ ﱠاﻟﺬي َﻟ‬ ْ
ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻟ‬‫و‬ ‫ض‬
ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ِ ‫ﺎو‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ا‬33
َ ْ ُ َ ْ
[34:1 ‫ِﺒ ُ ]ﺳﺒﺄ‬ ‫ا ِﻜﻴﻢ ا‬
46 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Praise be to Allah, to whom belongs all that is in the heavens and all
that is on the earth; and for Him is the praise in the Hereafter, and He
is the Wise, the All-Aware.” [34:1]

ُ َ ْ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ﱡ‬ َ ُ َ
[22:64 ‫ض و ِ ن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟ ﻮ اﻟﻐ ِ ا ِﻤﻴﺪ ]ا‬
ِ ‫ات وﻣﺎ ِ اﻷر‬
ِ ‫ﻟﮫ ﻣﺎ ِ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬ 34

“To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth,
and surely Allah is the All-Independent, Ever-Praised.” [22:64]

‫َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻏ ﱞ َﺣﻤ‬
[2:267 ‫ﻴﺪ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ِ ِ ‫واﻋﻠﻤﻮا أن‬ 35

“And know well that Allah is All-Independent, Ever-Praised.” [2:267]

ُ َ ْ ‫ﱠ ﱠَ َُ َْ ﱡ‬ ْ َْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[31:26 ‫ض ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻮ اﻟﻐ ِ ا ِﻤﻴﺪ ]ﻟﻘﻤﺎن‬
ِ ‫ر‬ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ِ ‫ِﻟ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻠ‬ 36

“To Allah belongs what is in the heavens and the earth. Surely, it is
Allah who is free of all needs, worthy of every praise.” [31:26]

These verses say that to Allah belongs all praise.

Allah is from Telling Lie

ً ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﺣﻘﺎ َو َﻣ ْﻦ َأ‬
[4:122 ‫ﺻ َﺪ ُق ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻗﻴﻼ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬
‫َ َْ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫وﻋﺪ‬ 37

“It being a real promise from Allah; and who is more truthful than
Allah in his word?” [4:122]

ً َ ‫ََ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[4:87 ‫وﻣﻦ أﺻﺪق ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺣ ِﺪﻳﺜﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬ 38

“Who is more truthful in his word than Allah? [4:87]

These verses say that Allah is Truthful, there is no question of lie in

Allah’s words.
01 – Allah and His Existence | 47

Some people have raised a philosophical point here saying that when
Allah is powerful over all things, then is He powerful over telling lie as
well? Some had the opinion that telling a lie also comes under the
power of Allah, but Allah never tells lie.

However, this question as well as its reply is also a philosophical one.

In fact, Allah is free from all defects; therefore whether it is telling a
lie or other mean habits, Allah is free from those things. It is the
human being and jinn who have both good as well as bad qualities.

Allah is All-Hearing, the All-Seeing

There is none except Allah who is All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.

The Hindus believe that the idols hear their prayers and know their
state of affairs; therefore they present their needs to them and seek
help from them. Muslims must shun such things, as this is shirk.

Here are some verses:

ُ َ ْ ُ ‫َﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ ْ ﱠ ﱠ َ َْ َ ﱠ‬
[2:127 ‫ر ﻨﺎ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ِﻣﻨﺎ ِإﻧﻚ أﻧﺖ اﻟﺴ ِﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻌ ِﻠﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ 39

“Our Lord accept (this service) from us! Indeed, You - and You alone -
are the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing!” (2:127)

‫ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َن ْ ُ ن ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ً َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ُ َﻮ ﱠ‬
ُ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻴﻊ‬
ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ أ ﻌﺒﺪو ِﻣﻦ دو ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻤ ِﻠﻚ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺿﺮا وﻻ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ و‬40
ُ ‫ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻠ‬
[5:76 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“Say, Do you worship, besides Allah, what has no power to do you

harm or bring you benefit?. Allah is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.”
[5:76]

ُ َ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ َ َ ْ َْ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َْ َ َّ َ َ
[21:4 ‫ض و ﻮ اﻟﺴ ِﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻌ ِﻠﻴﻢ ]اﻷﻧ ﻴﺎء‬ ‫ل‬
ِ ‫ﻗﺎل رِ ﻲ ﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻘﻮ ِ اﻟﺴﻤ ِﺎء واﻷر‬ 41
48 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“He (the prophet) said, My Lord knows all that is spoken in the
heavens and the earth, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.”
[21:4]

‫ْ َ ّ َ ﱠ َ َْ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َْ ُ َ َ ْ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
َ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ ُ ﻮ‬ ‫ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻳ ْﻘ ِ ِﺑﺎ ِﻖ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺪﻋﻮن ِﻣﻦ دو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻀﻮن ِ ٍء ِإن‬42
ْ
[40:20 ‫اﻟﺴ ِﻤ ُﻴﻊ اﻟ َﺒ ِﺼ ُ ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬
‫ﱠ‬

“He will give His judgment with truth. And those whom they invoke
beside Him cannot judge anything. Surely, it is Allah who is Hearing,
Seeing.” [40:20]

Allah is All High, the Supreme

Allah is so High and Supreme that even we cannot conceive His

Highness.

ُ ‫ﱡ ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ‬
[2:255 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
ْ ُ ُ ‫َ َوﻻ َﻳ ُﺌ‬
‫ﻮد ُﻩ ِﺣ ْﻔﻈ ُ َﻤﺎ َو ُ َﻮ اﻟ َ ِﻌ‬ 43

“And it does not weary Him to look after them. He is the All High, the
Supreme.” [2:255]

ُ ‫ﱡ ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ‬ َْ ََ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬

َ‫اﻷ ْرض َو ُ َﻮ ْاﻟﻌ‬ َ ُ ‫َﻟ‬
[42:4 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ 44

“To him belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth,
and He is the High, the Supreme. [42:4]

ُ َ ْ ‫ََ ﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َْ ُ ََ ﱠ ﱠ َ ُ َ ْ َ ﱡ‬
[22:62 ‫ﺎﻃﻞ وأن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻮ اﻟﻌ ِ اﻟﻜ ِﺒ ]ا‬ِ ‫وأن ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮن ِﻣﻦ دو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻮ اﻟﺒ‬ 45

“And whatever they invoke beside Him is false and that Allah is the
High, the Great.” [22:62]

These verses tell that Allah is All High and the Supreme; therefore we
must call only Allah in our needs and worship Him alone.
01 – Allah and His Existence | 49

Allah is the All-Sustainer

Therefore, we must not ask for livelihood but Him.

Here are some verses from the Qur’an:

ْ ْ ُ ُ ‫ﱠ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠﱠ‬
[51:58 ‫اق ذو اﻟ ُﻘ ﱠﻮ ِة اﻟ َﻤ ِﺘ ُن ]اﻟﺬار ﺎت‬
‫ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻮ اﻟﺮز‬ 46

“In fact, Allah is the All-Sustainer, Possessor of power, the

Strong.”[51:58]

َ ُ ُ َْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
[13:26 ‫اﻟﺮ ْز َق ِﻟ َﻤ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء َو َ ْﻘ ِﺪ ُر ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬
ِ
ّ ‫ﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻳ ﺴ‬ 46

“Allah expands the provision for whom He wills and narrows it (for
whom He wills).” [13:26]

These verses say that Allah is the Sustainer and no one else has this
authority; therefore we must not seek provision and livelihood but
from Him.

We Must not Seek Provision and Livelihood but from Allah

Some disbelievers think that Allah has assigned authority to some

persons to dispense livelihood; so they worship them and seek help
from them. Whereas Allah says that He alone provides livelihood and
He did not authorize anyone to dispense livelihood; therefore we
must pray to Him for it.

‫ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َن ْ ُ ن ﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َن َ ُ ْ ْ ً َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ْز َق‬
ِ
ّ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ‫ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻌﺒﺪو ِﻣﻦ دو ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻤ ِﻠ ﻮ ﻟﻜﻢ ِرزﻗﺎ ﻓﺎﺑﺘﻐﻮا ِﻋﻨﺪ‬48
[29:17‫اﻋ ُﺒ ُﺪ ُوﻩ ]اﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮت‬
ْ ‫َو‬
50 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“You only worship idols beside Allah, and you invent a lie. In fact
those whom you worship beside Allah do not have power to give you
provision. So seek provision with Allah and worship Him” [29:17]
َ َ ً ْ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ ْ ً َ ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ َو َ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪو َن ﻣ ْﻦ‬49
‫ض ﺷ ﺌﺎ وﻻ‬ ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ز‬‫ر‬ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ﻠ‬ِ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮫ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ن‬ِ ‫و‬‫د‬ ِ
َ ُ َ ْ َ
[73/‫ﻴﻌﻮن ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﺴﺘ ِﻄ‬

“They worship, besides Allah, the objects that have no power to give
them anything from the heavens and the earth, nor can they ever
have such power.” [16:73]

These verses say that there is none in the heavens and earth who has
authority to give livelihood except Allah alone; therefore we must not
call any prophet, any peer or saint for it.

None Can Remove Distress but Allah

Here are some verses:

َ ُ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ُ ُ ّ ََ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[6:17‫ﺎﺷﻒ ﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ِ ‫و ِ ن ﻳﻤﺴﺴﻚ اﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑﻀ ٍﺮ ﻓﻼ‬ 50

“If Allah causes you harm, there is no one to remove it except He

Himself” [6:17]
ً َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ ْ ُ َن‬
[17:56 ‫اﻟﻀ ّ ِﺮ َﻋ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ َوﻻ ﺗ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻼ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬
‫ﻒ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﻳﻤ ِﻠ ﻮ ﻛﺸ‬ 51

“… while they have no power to remove distress from you, nor to

change it.” [17:56]

Ayat 52

ُ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ً ََ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
[7:188‫ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ وﻻ ﺿﺮا ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠﮫ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ 52
01 – Allah and His Existence | 51

“Say, I have no power to bring a benefit or a harm to myself, except

that which Allah wills.” [7:188]

ُ ‫َ ََ َ ْ ً ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ
[10:49‫ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﺿﺮا وﻻ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠﮫ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬ 53

“Say, I have no power to bring a harm or a benefit to myself, except

what Allah wills.” [10:49]
َ َ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
‫اﻟﻀ ﱡﺮ ﻓ ِﺈﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ﺗ ْﺠﺄ ُرو َن‬ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ ِﺑﻜ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِ ْﻌ َﻤ ٍﺔ ﻓ ِﻤ َﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ِإذا َﻣ ﱠﺴﻜ ُﻢ‬54
[16:53‫]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬

“Whatever blessing you have is from Allah. Then, once you are
touched by distress, to Him alone you cry for help.” [16:53]

These verses tell that none can remove harm and distress but Allah
alone; therefore we must not call anyone else for the same.

Allah Alone Can Give Child

Only Allah has power to give children; therefore we must not pray
anyone else for children; we must not visit any grave, any peer or any
god or goddess for the same.

Here are some verses that establish this belief:

ً َ َ َ ُْ َْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ ُْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ض َﻳﺨﻠ ُﻖ َﻣﺎ َ ﺸ ُﺎء َ َ ُﺐ ِﻟ َﻤ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء ِإﻧﺎﺛﺎ َو َ َ ُﺐ ِﻟ َﻤ ْﻦ‬ ْ‫اﻷر‬
ِ ‫ات و‬ ِ ‫ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﻚ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬55
ٌ‫ﻴﻢ َﻗ ِﺪﻳﺮ‬ٌ ‫ َأ ْو ُﻳ َﺰ ّو ُﺟ ُ ْﻢ ُذ ْﻛ َﺮ ًاﻧﺎ َو َﻧ ًﺎﺛﺎ َو َ ْﺠ َﻌ ُﻞ َﻣ ْﻦ َ َﺸ ُﺎء َﻋ ِﻘ ًﻴﻤﺎ إ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻋ ِﻠ‬ ‫اﻟﺬ ُ ﻮ َر‬
‫َ َ ُ ﱡ‬
‫ﺸﺎء‬
ِ ِ ِ
[42:49-50‫]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬

“To Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. He
creates what He wills. He grants females to whom He wills, and grants
males to whom He wills. Or He combines for them couples, both
52 | Samarat al-Aqaid

males and females, and makes whom He wills barren. Surely, He is All-
Knowing, Very-Powerful.” [42:49-50]

ُ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻠ ﱠﻤﺎ َآ َﺗﺎ ُ َﻤﺎ‬56

‫ﺻﺎ ِ ً ﺎ َﺟ َﻌﻼ ﻟ ُﮫ ُﺷ َﺮ َﺎء ِﻓ َﻴﻤﺎ آ َﺗﺎ ُ َﻤﺎ ﻓ َﺘ َﻌﺎ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ﱠﻤﺎ ُ ْﺸ ِﺮ ﻮ َن‬
ْ‫ﺼ ًﺮا َوَﻻ َأ ْﻧ ُﻔ َﺴ ُ ﻢ‬ ُ ‫ َوَﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺘﻄ‬ ‫ َأ ُ ْﺸﺮ ُ ﻮ َن َﻣﺎ َﻻ َﻳ ْﺨ ُﻠ ُﻖ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َو ُ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْﺨ َﻠ ُﻘﻮ َن‬
ْ ‫ﻴﻌﻮ َن َﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻧ‬
ِ ِ
[7:190-192‫ﺼ ُﺮو َن ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ ُ ‫َﻳ ْﻨ‬

“But when We bless them with a perfect child, they ascribe partners
to Him in what He blessed them with. Indeed Allah is much higher
than what they associate with Him. Do they associate those with Allah
who do not create any thing, rather, they are created (themselves)?
And they (the alleged partners) cannot extend to them any help, nor
can they help themselves.” [7:190-192]

This verse says that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬alone grants children, but when the child
is born the man attributes it to other deities and saints and starts
worshioping him and thus asscociates partner with Allah (‫)ﷻ‬.

ُ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ‫ُ َ ﱠ ُ َ ّ ُ ُ ْ ْ َْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻮ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻳﺼ ِﻮرﻛﻢ ِ اﻷرﺣ ِﺎم ﻛﻴﻒ ﺸﺎء ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ اﻟﻌ ِﺰ ﺰ ا ِﻜﻴﻢ]آل‬57
[3:6‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“He is the One Who shapes you in the wombs as He likes. There is no
god but He, the Mighty, the Wise.” [3:6]

ُ ‫اﻟﺴ ِﻤ ُﻴﻊ ْاﻟ َﺒ ِﺼ‬ ‫َ ﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َن ْ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َن َ ْ ﱠ ﱠ‬

‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ ُ َﻮ ﱠ‬ ‫ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ِﻣﻦ دو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻀﻮ ِ ٍء ِإن‬58
[40:20‫]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬

“And those whom they invoke beside Him cannot judge anything.
Surely, it is Allah who is Hearing, Seeing.” [40:20]

These verses say that it is only Allah who accepts prayers and He alone
grants children. Some women pray other than Allah for a child, this is
01 – Allah and His Existence | 53

unacceptable. It is Allah who created the woman and it is He alone

who can grant a child. Therefore, we must pray to Him alone. Some
of us even sometimes fall prey to Hindu saints who get polytheistic
acts done by us; therefore must avoid committing such blunders.

Allah Alone Can Give Cure

A man receives treatment for his diseases, but it is Allah alone who
can give cure; therefore we must call only Allah for cure. No peer or
saint has power to give cure; therefore we must not seek cure from
anyone else.

ْ َ ْ َ َ َ
[26:80‫ﺿ ُﺖ ﻓ ُ َﻮ َ ﺸ ِﻔ ِن ]اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء‬‫و ِ ذا ﻣ ِﺮ‬ 59

“And when I become sick, He heals me” [26:80]

َ ُ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ُ ُ ّ ََ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[6:17‫ﺎﺷﻒ ﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ِ ‫و ِ ن ﻳﻤﺴﺴﻚ اﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑﻀ ٍﺮ ﻓﻼ‬ 60

“If Allah causes you harm, there is no one to remove it except He

Himself” [6:17]
ً َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ ْ ُ َن‬
[17:56‫اﻟﻀ ّ ِﺮ َﻋ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ َوﻻ ﺗ ْﺤ ِﻮ ﻼ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬
‫ﻒ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﻳﻤ ِﻠ ﻮ ﻛﺸ‬ 61

“… while they have no power to remove distress from you, nor to

change it.” [17:56]

‫ﺑﯿﻤﯿﻨ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل أذ ﺐ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ اذا اﺷﺘ ﯽ ﻣﻨﺎ ا ﺴﺎن ﻣ‬3
،‫اﻟﺒﺎس رب اﻟﻨﺎس واﺷﻒ اﻧﺖ اﻟﺸﺎ ﻻ ﺷﻔﺎء اﻻ ﺷﻔﺎؤک ﺷﻔﺎء ﻻ ﻐﺎدرﺳﻘﻤﺎ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(5707/2191 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،972‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب رﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺮ ﺾ‬، ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬

ಯHadhrat Ayisha narrated: When one of us had a complaint God’s

messenger wiped him with his right hand and then said, “Remove the
54 | Samarat al-Aqaid

harm, Lord of men, and give healing. You are the Healer. There is no
healing but Yours, a healing which leaves no illness behind.”
َ ْ َ َ َ َ ََ ََ ََ ٌ ََ ََ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ْاﻟ‬4
.‫ﺎل ﺛ ِﺎﺑ ٌﺖ َﻳﺎ أ َﺑﺎ َﺣ ْﻤ َﺰة اﺷ َﺘﻜ ْﻴ ُﺖ‬ ‫ﺲ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ ﻓﻘ‬
ِ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ،‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺎﺑ‬
ِ ‫ﺛ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﺰ‬‫ﻌ‬
ِ ِ َِ َ َ
ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ََ
ْ
‫ﺎس ُﻣﺬ ِ َﺐ‬ ‫ُ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ
ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل " اﻟﻠ ﻢ رب اﻟﻨ‬. ‫ﻓﻘﺎل أ ﺲ أﻻ َ أر ِﻗﻴﻚ ِﺑﺮﻗﻴ ِﺔ رﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ َِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل ﺑ‬
َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب رﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻨ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری‬.‫ ِﺷ َﻔ ًﺎء ﻻ ُ ﻐ ِﺎد ُر َﺳ َﻘ ًﻤﺎ‬،‫اﻟﺸﺎ ِ ﻻ ﺷﺎ ِ َ ِإﻻ أﻧ َﺖ‬
َ َ ‫اﺷﻒ أ ْﻧ َﺖ ﱠ‬ ْ َ ‫ْاﻟ‬
ِ ‫ﺎس‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬
(5742 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،1014 ‫ ص‬،‫ﷺ‬

Hadhrat Abdul-Aziz said: I and Thabit I entered upon Anas bin Malik,
and Thabit said: 'O Abu Hamzah! I am suffering from an illness. So
Anas said: 'Shall I not recite the Ruqyah of the Messenger of Allah over
you?' He said: 'Why, yes.' He said: 'O Allah! Lord of mankind, removed
the harm, and cure (him). Indeed You are the One Who cures, there
is none who cures except you, a cure that leaves no disease.'" (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tib, Bab Ruqiya al-Nabi, p. 1014, No. 5742)

These two hadiths clearly state that it is Allah alone who cures;
therefore one must not pray for cure except from Allah. Some of us
even go to deities and saints and thus, on one hand, they hurt their
faith and, at the other hand, lighten their wallet.

These were total 61 verses and 4 hadiths regarding this belief.

 | 55

02 – Reward or Punishment
is not Wajib on Allah
The Mutazilites say that it is incumbent upon Allah to give punishment
of a sin. But the Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’at say that nothing is
incumbent upon Him, and He has free will to do what He likes.

There are 15 verses of the Qur’an in this regard, which are given
below:

َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ّ َ ْ َ
[2:284‫ﻓ َﻴﻐ ِﻔ ُﺮ ِﻟ َﻤ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء َو ُ َﻌ ِﺬ ُب َﻣ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ 1

“… then He will forgive whom He wills and punish whom He wills.

Allah is powerful over everything.” [2:284]

ُ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ َ َﺸ ُﺎء َو َ ْ ِﺪي َﻣ ْﻦ َ َﺸ ُﺎء َو ُ َﻮ ْاﻟ َﻌﺰ ُﺰ ا ْ َ ِﻜ‬

[14:4‫ﻴﻢ ]إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ‬
‫َُ ﱡ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓﻴ ِﻀﻞ‬ 2
ِ
“So, Allah lets go astray whom He wills and lets find guidance whom
He wills. And He is the Mighty, the Wise.” [14:4]

‫ﱠ‬
[22:14 ‫ ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ِﺮ ُﺪ ]ا‬3

“Surely Allah does what He intends” [22:14]

َ ‫ﱠ‬
[14:27‫َو َ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻣﺎ َ ﺸ ُﺎء ]إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ‬ 4

“And Allah does what He wills.” [14:27]

56 | Samarat al-Aqaid

These verses tell that Allah does what He wishes and nothing is bound
upon Him.

Whatever Allah Gives to Us is His Mercy

Nothing is Obligatory on Allah, whatever He gives is His kindness, as

the Qur’an says:
ْ ْ َْ ُ ُ‫َ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ ُْ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[57:21‫ﻀ ِﻞ اﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ ِﻴﻢ ]ا ﺪﻳﺪ‬‫ ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻳﺆ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺸﺎء واﻟﻠﮫ ذو اﻟﻔ‬5

“That is the bounty of Allah; He gives it to whomsoever He Wills and

Allah is the Lord of the great bounty.” [57:21]
ْ ْ َْ ُ ُ‫َ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ ُْ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[62:4‫ﻀ ِﻞ اﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ ِﻴﻢ ]ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬‫ ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻳﺆ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺸﺎء واﻟﻠﮫ ذو اﻟﻔ‬6

“It is Allah‘s bounty that He gives to whomsoever He wills, and Allah

is the Lord of the great bounty.” [62:4)

َ ْ ْ َْ ُ ُ ‫ََ ﱠ َْ ْ َ َ ﱠ ُْ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ وأن اﻟﻔﻀﻞ ِﺑﻴ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻳﺆ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺸﺎء واﻟﻠﮫ ذو اﻟﻔﻀ ِﻞ اﻟﻌ ِﻈ ِﻴﻢ ]ا ﺪﻳﺪ‬7
[57:29

“And that bounty is in Allah‘s hand; He gives it to whom He wills, and

Allah is the Lord of the great bounty.” [57:29]
ْ ْ َْ ُ ُ‫َ ﱠُ َ َْ ﱡ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[2:105‫ﻀ ِﻞ اﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ ِﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬‫واﻟﻠﮫ ﻳﺨﺘﺺ ِﺑﺮﺣﻤ ِﺘ ِﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺸﺎء واﻟﻠﮫ ذو اﻟﻔ‬ 8

“But Allah chooses for His grace whomsoever He wills, and Allah is the
Lord of great bounty” [2:105]

These verses tell that whatever Allah gives to us He gives out of His
mercy, nothing is due on Him.
02 – Reward or Punishment is not Wajib on Allah | 57

Ahl al-Sunnah Believe that Allah is the Creator of Good and

Bad

Previously, some people were of the view that any ‘bad’ thing cannot
be attributed to Allah, therefore they associated it with the Satan and
believed that it is Satan who created it. But, since the Qur’an clearly
says that Allah has created everything; therefore the correct belief is
that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬is the Creator of everything, whether good or bad, but
the man gets reward or punishment of an action due to doing the
good and bad acts respectively.

The Qur’an says:

ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﺧ ِﺎﻟ ُﻖ ُ ّﻞ َ ْ ٍء َو ُ َﻮ َﻋ َ ُ ّﻞ َ ْ ٍء َو ِﻛ‬

[39:62‫ﻴﻞ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬
‫ﱠ‬
9
ِ ِ
“Allah is Creator of everything, and He is the Guardian over
everything.” [39:62]

َ ُ َ ْ ُ ‫ََﱠ‬ ‫َ ُ ﱠ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
[40:62‫ذ ِﻟﻜ ُﻢ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َرﱡ ﻜ ْﻢ ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ُﻖ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻻ ِإﻟ َﮫ ِإﻻ ُ َﻮ ﻓﺄ ﻰ ﺗﺆﻓ ﻮن ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬ 10

“This is Allah, your Lord, the Creator of everything. There is no god

but He.” [40:62]

‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ
[4:78‫ﻗ ْﻞ ﱞﻞ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬ 11

“Say, All is from Allah.” [4:78]

These verses establish that everything was created by Allah alone.

Allah Loves Those Do Good Deeds and Dislikes Those Who Do

Bad Deeds

All things are created by Allah (‫)ﷻ‬, but He loves those who do good
deeds and dislikes those who commit bad deeds.
58 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Qur’an says:

َ ْ ُْ َ َ ْ َ ََ
[39:7‫ وﻻ ﻳﺮ ِﻟ ِﻌﺒ ِﺎد ِﻩ اﻟﻜﻔﺮ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬12

“…however He does not like for His servants to be disbelievers.” [39:7]

َ ‫ﺻﺎ ً ﺎ َﺗ ْﺮ‬
[27:19‫ﺿ ُﺎﻩ ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬ َ ‫ َو َأ ْن َأ ْﻋ َﻤ َﻞ‬13
ِ

“…and to do good deeds that You like,” [27:19]

ُ َ ْ َ ً َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ََ
[46:15‫ وأن أﻋﻤﻞ ﺻﺎ ِ ﺎ ﺗﺮﺿﺎﻩ ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬14

“…and that I do righteous deeds that You like,” [46:15]

These verses tell that Allah Almighty gets pleased with righteous
deeds.

All Attributes of Allah are Eternal and Everlasting

Previously, some scholars discussed a poit whether Allah is Creator

before creating a thing. Therefore, it must be known that all attributes
of Allah are eternal and everlasting i.e. Allah was Creator even when
the the whole universe was not created, His attribute of Creator was
intact in full. And Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬will remain Creator even when the
universe will come to an end without slightest doubt, as all attributes
of Allah have no beginning and no end.

It is mentioned in the Qur’an:

ٌ َ ْ َ ّ ُ ََ َ ُ َ َْ َ ْ ْ َُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[30:50‫ ِإن ذ ِﻟﻚ ِ اﻟﻤﻮ ﻰ و ﻮ ﻋ ِﻞ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪﻳﺮ ]اﻟﺮوم‬15

“Surely, That (Allah) is the One who will give life to the dead; and He
has the power to do everything.” [30:50]
02 – Reward or Punishment is not Wajib on Allah | 59

Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬will resurrect the dead after Qiyamah, then also He is called
‘al-Muhyi’ i.e. One who will give life to the dead. This implies that He
has the attribute of ‘giving life’ even before Qiyamah. This is the case
with all attributes of Him.

These were 15 verses quoted from the Qur’an regarding this belief.
 | 60

03 - Atheists Should Believe

in Allah
This is based seven evidences; see each of them in detail:

Some people of the view that there exists no God, the universe came
into being automatically and will so be finished; there is no Creator.
These people are called atheists and infidels. They say that God does
not exist as we cannot see where God is.

It can be refuted in different ways:

(1) Allah cannot be seen through these eyes. Allah is Wajib al-Wujood,
He is not like the worldly things which can be seen by our eyes. Yes,
in the world hereafter we can have such eyes which can see Allah, but
this is not possible in this world.

Allah is under seventy layers of light, so how can we see Him. Even
the Prophet (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) said while
narrating the incidence of Me’raj (celestial ascension): How can Allah
be seen when He is Light. It is mentioned in Hadith:

،‫ﻋﻦ ا ﯽ ذرﻗﺎل ﺳﺄﻟﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻞ رأﯾﺖ ر ﮏ؟ ﻗﺎل ﻧﻮرأ ﻰ أراە؟ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(443 /178 ‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،91 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮﻟﮫ ﻋﻠﯿﮫ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻧﻮرأ ﻰ أراە‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬

ಯIt is narrated on the authority of Abu Dharr: I asked the Messenger

of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬: Did you see your Lord? He said: (He is) Light; how could
I see Him?ರ6DKLK0XVOLPS+DGLWK1R
03 - Atheists Should Believe in Allah | 61

(2) We cannot gaze at the midday sun which was created by Allah, it
has lesser light, so how we can see Allah who is super light.

Why Believe in Allah?

(3) There are billions of human beings, each one has different face
style, rather two children of same parents are of different facial style.
Who created such a variety of people, it is Allah who was called by the
Qur’an as ‘the Lord of the Worlds’. Therefore, the Qur’an says:

َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ
[1:1‫ا َ ْﻤ ُﺪ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ َر ِ ّب اﻟ َﻌﺎﻟ ِﻤ ن ]اﻟﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ‬

“All praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds.” [1:1]

This means that Allah sustains the whole world. When it is a fact that
each face is different from other, then it is incumbent to believe that
there is Someone who made it so, and He is called Allah.

Can You Die Yourself?

(4) The atheists say that we got created by ourselves. If you were born
by yourself, then can you die yourself? You have no power to die, then
how can be born by yourself?

You Cannot Remain Young Always

(5) The atheist wishes to live young and he utilizes all means to remain
so, but there is Someone who makes him grow old and makes him
weak day by day, it is none but Allah. The Qur’an says:

َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُْ ُ ‫ﱠ َََ ُ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﺧﻠﻘﻜ ْﻢ ﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻳﺘ َﻮﻓﺎﻛ ْﻢ َو ِﻣﻨﻜ ْﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ ُﻳ َﺮ ﱡد ِإ أ ْرذ ِل اﻟ ُﻌ ُﻤ ِﺮ ِﻟ ْﻲ ﻻ َ ْﻌﻠ َﻢ َ ْﻌﺪ ِﻋﻠ ٍﻢ ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ ِإ ﱠن‬
َ ٌ َ َ‫ﱠ‬
[16:70‫ﻴﻢ ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ِﻠ‬
62 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“And among you there is one who is carried to the worst part of the
age, so that he knows nothing after having knowledge. Surely, Allah is
All-Knowing, All-Powerful.” [16:70]

If you were born by yourself, then can you live longer age as per your
wish? If no, then the One who makes you grow old day by day is called
Allah.

Can You Live up to 125 Years?

(6) An atheist wishes to live longer than anyone. If he was born by

himself, can be live up to 125 years. If he was born by himself, then
he must live longer by himself. But there is Someone who gives death,
and it is Allah.

The Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) said while introducing

Allah:

ُ ُ ُ ََ َ َ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ‫ْ َ َ ْ َ ُ َّ َ ﱠ‬
[2:258‫ﺎل أﻧﺎ أ ْﺣ ِ َوأ ِﻣﻴﺖ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬‫ِإذ ﻗﺎل ِإﺑﺮا ِ ﻴﻢ رِ ﻲ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻳﺤ ِ و ِﻤﻴﺖ ﻗ‬

“When Ibrahim said: My Lord is the One Who gives life and brings
death.” [2:258]

So the One who gives you death, has created you, and He is Allah.

One Who Gives Death is Allah

Besides the guidance in the Qur’an and Hadith, we believe in Allah

because He one day give death to us, thus the One who gives us death
is the One who created us. And, when these two evident facts are
established and unquestioned, then we must believe that there is
Judgment day, Jannat and Jahannam, this needs no extensive
evidences.
03 - Atheists Should Believe in Allah | 63

Believe that Allah is the Creator

Therefore, we must believe that Allah is the Creator. We should

beseech to Allah: O the One who gives death, forgive me and grant
me Jannat. If you say this and your died with this belief, it is hoped
that Allah will forgive you.
 | 64

04 - Rooyat al-Baari (Seeing

Allah)
We shall quote 5 verses from the Quran and 10 Hadiths in order to
establish this belief.

The scholars of Islam have differed on whether the Messenger

Muhammad (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) saw Allah
during Me’raj (celestial ascension) or not?

1. A group of scholars says that the Messenger Muhammad (peace

and blessing of Allah be upon him) did not saw Allah Almighty.

2. The other group says that the Messenger Muhammad (peace and
blessing of Allah be upon him) saw Allah i.e. His Light. However, he
did saw Him. This is the opinion of most of the scholars.

3. The third group says that the Messenger (peace and blessing of
Allah be upon him) saw Allah, but only a cursory look, not thoroughly
as none can see Him so; since Allah is limitless.

4. The fourth group says that the Messenger (peace and blessing of
Allah be upon him) saw Allah Almighty by his heart.

However, the scholars have unanimously said that the believers will
see Allah by their eyes in the world hereafter.
04 - Rooyat al-Baari (Seeing Allah) | 65

First Group

First group of scholars which said that the Messenger (peace and
blessing of Allah be upon him) did not saw Allah establish their claim
by the following evidences:

The Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) requested Allah to show

(Himself) to him, Allah said: Look at the mount, if it stays at its place,
you will see Me, if it does not stay then you may not be able to see.
The, Allah appeared to the Mount, it got smashed, and Musa fell
down unconscious. So it is established that we cannot see Allah in this
world; since these worldly eyes cannot bear to see Allah, as the
Qur’an says:
َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َْ َ ّ َ َ َ ُ ‫َ َ َ َﱠ َ ُ َﱡ‬ َ
‫ﺎل ﻟ ْﻦ ﺗ َﺮا ِ ﻲ َوﻟ ِﻜ ِﻦ‬ ‫ َوﻟ ﱠﻤﺎ َﺟ َﺎء ُﻣﻮ َ ِﻟ ِﻤﻴﻘﺎ ِﺗﻨﺎ و ﻠﻤﮫ ر ﮫ ﻗﺎل ر ِب أ ِ ِر ﻲ أﻧﻈﺮ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ﻗ‬1
ْ ‫ْاﻧ ُﻈ ْﺮ إ َ ا ْ َ َﺒﻞ َﻓﺈن‬
‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻘ ﱠﺮ َﻣ َ َﺎﻧ ُﮫ َﻓ َﺴ ْﻮ َف َﺗ َﺮا ِ ﻲ َﻓ َﻠ ﱠﻤﺎ َﺗ َﺠ ﱠ َرﱡ ُﮫ ِﻟ ْ َ َﺒ ِﻞ َﺟ َﻌ َﻠ ُﮫ َد ﺎ َو َﺧﺮﱠ‬ ِِ ِ ِ
[7:143 ‫ﺻ ِﻌﻘﺎ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ ً َ َ ‫ُﻣﻮ‬

“When Musa came at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him,
he said, My Lord, show (Yourself) to me that I may look at You.. He
said: You shall never see Me. But look at the mount. If it stays at its
place, you will see Me. So when his Lord appeared to the Mount, He
made it smashed, and Musa fell down unconscious.” [7:143]

The verse says that the Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) did not
see Allah as none can see Allah in this world by these eyes, but will
see him in the hereafter.

Ayat 02

ُ َ ْ ُ ‫َ ُ ْ ُ ُ ْ َْ َ ُ َ ُ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َْ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[6:103 ‫ﻻ ﺗﺪ ِرﻛﮫ اﻷﺑﺼﺎر و ﻮ ﻳﺪ ِرك اﻷﺑﺼﺎر و ﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﻄﻴﻒ ا ِﺒ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬2

“No vision can encompass Him, and He encompasses all visions, and
He is Absolutely Subtle, All-Aware.” [6:103]
66 | Samarat al-Aqaid

This verse says that eyes cannot comprehend Allah and thus may not
see Him.

َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ً ْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َّ َ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ر‬ ٍ ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺎن ِﻟ ﺸ ٍﺮ أن ﻳ ِﻠﻤﮫ اﻟﻠﮫ ِإﻻ وﺣﻴﺎ أو ِﻣﻦ ور ِاء‬3
[42:51 ‫ﺎب ]اﻟﺸﻮ ى‬

“It is not (possible) for a human being that Allah speaks to him, except
by way of revelation, or from behind a curtain” [42:51]

This verse says that Allah speaks to a man in this world through
revelation or behind curtain; therefore some scholars are of the
opinion that the Messenger (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him)
saw Allah from behind curtain, He did not see him by his eyes.

Sayyida Ayishah (may Allah be pleased with her) says that none can
see Allah in this world.

Here are some Hadiths:

َ ُ َ َ ُْ َ َ
‫ﺎل ﻗﻠ ُﺖ ِﻟ َﻌﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ َﻳﺎ أ ﱠﻣ َﺘ ْﺎﻩ َ ْﻞ َرأى ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٌﺪ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﺴ ُﺮو ٍق‬1
َ َ َ َ َ ََ َ َ َْ َ ُْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛ َﻚ أ ﱠن‬،‫ أ ْﻳ َﻦ أﻧ َﺖ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺛﻼ ٍث َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛﻜ ُ ﱠﻦ ﻓ َﻘ ْﺪ ﻛﺬ َب‬،‫َرﱠ ُﮫ ﻓ َﻘﺎﻟ ْﺖ ﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ ﻗﻒ ﺷ َﻌ ِﺮي ِﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ ﻗﻠ َﺖ‬
َ ُ ْ ُ َ ُ َ ُ َ َْ ُ ُ ْ ُ َ ْ ََ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
َ‫ﺼﺎر‬َ ‫اﻷ ْﺑ‬ ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺮأت }ﻻ ﺗﺪ ِرﻛﮫ اﻷﺑﺼﺎر و ﻮ ﻳﺪ ِرك‬.‫ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ًﺪا ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ رأى ر ﮫ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺬب‬
َ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
(4855 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،860 ‫ ص‬،53 ،‫ ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﺴ‬،‫َو ُ َﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﻄﻴﻒ ا ِﺒ ُ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری‬

“Masruq narrated: I said to `Aisha, "O Mother! Did Prophet

Muhammad see his Lord?" Aisha said, "What you have said makes my
hair stand on end! Know that if somebody tells you one of the
following three things, he is a liar: Whoever tells you that Muhammad
saw his Lord, is a liar." Then Aisha recited the Verse: 'No vision can
grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision. He is the Most Courteous
Well-Acquainted with all things.” [6.103] (Sahih al-Bukhari, p 860,
Hadith No. 4855)

This hadiths says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬did not see Allah from his eyes.
04 - Rooyat al-Baari (Seeing Allah) | 67

ُُْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ َ َ َْ ْ ُ
‫ َﻳﺎ أ ﱠم اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن أﻧ ِﻈ ِﺮ ِ َوﻻ ْ َ ِﻠﻴ ِ أﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ُﻘ ْﻞ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ﱠﺰ َو َﺟ ﱠﻞ } َوﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َر ُآﻩ ِﺑﺎﻷﻓ ِﻖ‬... ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﺴ ُﺮو ٍق‬2
َ ‫َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َْ ً ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ ُﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ْ
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬ ‫اﻟ ُﻤ ِﺒ ِن { } وﻟﻘﺪ رآﻩ ﻧﺰﻟﺔ أﺧﺮى { ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ أﻧﺎ أول ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻷﻣ ِﺔ ﺳﺄل ﻋﻦ ذ ِﻟﻚ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
ً َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ‫َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ْ ََُ ََ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻮرِﺗ ِﮫ اﻟ ِ ﺧ ِﻠ َﻖ َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ ﻏ ْ َ َ ﺎﺗ ْ ِن اﻟ َﻤ ﱠﺮﺗ ْ ِن َرأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ُﮫ ُﻣ ْ َ ِﺒﻄﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﻘﺎل إﻧﻤﺎ ﻮ ﺟ ﻳﻞ ﻟﻢ أرﻩ ﻋ ﺻ‬
َْ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ِ َ ُ َ ِْ ِ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻌ ﻗﻮل‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ض ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﺴﻤ ِﺎء ﺳﺎدا ِﻋﻈﻢ ﺧﻠ ِﻘ ِﮫ ﻣﺎ ﺑ ن اﻟﺴﻤ ِﺎء ِإ اﻷر‬
(439/177 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،90 ‫ ص‬،‫ و ﻞ رأی اﻟﻨ ر ﻟﯿﻠﺔ اﻻﺳﺮاء‬،‫ و ﻟﻘﺪ َر ُآﻩ ﻧﺰﻟﺔ أﺧﺮی‬:‫اﻟﻠ ﻋﺰ و ﺟﻞ‬

“It is narrated on the authority of Masruq that he said: … Mother of

the Faithful, wait a bit and do not be in a haste. Has not Allah (Mighty
and Majestic) said:" And truly he saw him on the clear horizon" (Al-
Qur'an, Surat al-Takwir, 81:23) and" he saw Him in another descent"
(Al-Qur'an, Surat al-Najm 53:13)? She said: I am the first of this
Ummah who asked the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬about it, and he said:
Verily he is Gabriel. I have never seen him in his original form in which
he was created except on those two occasions (to which these verses
refer); I saw him descending from the heaven and filling (the space)
from the sky to the earth with the greatness of his bodily structure.”
(Sahih Muslim, p 90, Hadith No. 177/439)

This hadith also indicates that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬did not see Allah.
َ ‫ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ ََ ْ َ َﱠ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ ّ َ َ َ َْ ُ َ ُ َ ﱠ َﱠ‬
.‫ﺎل ﻧﻮ ٌر أ ﻰ أ َر ُاﻩ‬‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻞ رأﻳﺖ ر ﻚ ﻗ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ذ ٍر ﻗﺎل ﺳﺄﻟﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬3
(443/178 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،91 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺴﻼم ﻧﻮر ا ﯽ اراە‬ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮﻟ ﻋﻠﯿ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

“It is narrated on the authority of Abu Dharr: I asked the Messenger

of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬: Did you see thy Lord? He said: (He is) Light; how could I
see Him?” (Sahih Muslim, p 91, Hadith No. 178/443)

This hadith says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was askd whether he saw Allah
in the night of Me’raj, he replid: how can I see Him when He is Light.
‫َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ َ ُﺎﺑ ُﮫ ﱡ‬... ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ ﺑ َﺨ ْﻤﺲ َ ﻠ َﻤﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮ ُر‬ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﻣﻮ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎم ِﻓﻴﻨﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬4
َْ
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ﺼ ُﺮ ُﻩ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺧﻠ ِﻘ ِﮫ‬َ ‫ﺎت َو ْﺟ ﮫ َﻣﺎ ْاﻧ َﺘ َ إ َﻟ ْﻴﮫ َﺑ‬ ُ ‫اﻟﻨ ُﺎر َﻟ ْﻮ َﻛ َﺸ َﻔ ُﮫ َ َﻷ ْﺣ َﺮ َﻗ ْﺖ ُﺳ ُﺒ َﺤ‬
‫َو ر َو َاﻳﺔ َأ ﻲ َﺑ ْﻜﺮ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
(445/179 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،91 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮﻟ ﻋﻠﯿ اﻟﺴﻼم إن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺎم‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
68 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Abu Musa reported: The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬was standing

amongst us and he told us five things… His veil is the light. In the
hadith narrated by Abu Bakr (instead of the word "light") it is fire. If
he withdraws it (the veil), the splendour of His countenance would
consume His creation so far as His sight reaches.” (Sahih Muslim, p
91, Hadith No. 179/445)

All these hadiths tell that Allah is beyond a veil; therefore none can
see Him in this world.

2: Second Group

The second group says that the Messenger (peace and blessing of
Allah be upon him) did see Allah, but His Light. This is the stand of the
most of the scholars. They establish it with the following Hadith:
َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ ََ ْ َ َﱠ‬ َُ َ ُ َ َ ّ َ َ ُ ُْ َ َ َ ْ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل أ ُﺑﻮ ذ ّ ٍر ﻗ ْﺪ‬‫ﻞ رأﻳﺖ ر ﻚ ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ أ ْﺳﺄﻟ ُﮫ‬‫ ﻗ‬... ‫ﻴﻖ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺖ ِﻷ ِ ﻲ ذ ٍر‬
ٍ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِ َﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺑ ِﻦ‬5
‫ﻘ‬ ‫ﺷ‬
،91 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺴﻼم إن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻧﻮر‬ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮﻟ ﻋﻠﯿ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ﻮرا ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ َ ‫َﺳ َﺄ ْﻟ ُﺖ َﻓ َﻘ‬
ً ‫ﺎل َرأ ْﻳ ُﺖ ُﻧ‬
(444/178 :‫اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬

“Hadhrat Abu Dhar said: I asked the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬whether

he saw His Lord, he said: I saw a light.” (Sahih Muslim, p 91, Hadith
No. 178/444)

3: Third Group

The third group says that the Messenger (peace and blessing of Allah
be upon him) saw Allah, but only a cursory look, not thoroughly as
none can see Him so; since Allah is limitless. They establish it with the
following Hadith:

‫ ﻗﺎل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﻜﺮﻣﺔ ﻳﻘﻮل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻳﻘﻮل إن ﻣﺤﻤﺪا ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ رأى ر ﮫ‬6
،10 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮﻟ ﻌﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺬب اﻟﻔﺆاد ﻣﺎ رأى‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ )اﻟﺴ ن اﻟﻜ ى ﻟﻠ ﺴﺎ ﻲ‬.‫ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‬
04 - Rooyat al-Baari (Seeing Allah) | 69

،242 ‫ ص‬،11 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻋﻜﺮﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬،‫ ؛ اﻟﻤ ﻢ اﻟﻜﺒ ﻟﻠﻄ ا ﻲ‬11473 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،276 ‫ص‬
(11619 :‫اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬

“Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz) said: Indeed Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬saw his Lord,
the Most High.” (Al-Sunan al-Kubra Nasai, v 10, p 276, Hadith No.
11473; Al-Mu’jam al-Kabir Tabrani, v 11, p 242, Hadith No. 11619)

But the verse (6:103) says that no eye can encompass Him; therefore
it can be said that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saw Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬with a cursory glance.

4: Fourth Group

The fourth group says that the Messenger (peace and blessing of Allah
be upon him) saw Allah by heart:
ََ َ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ
‫[ ﴾ ﻗﺎل رأى‬53:11‫ ﻋﻦ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻣ ﺮان ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﴿ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺬب اﻟﻔﺆاد ﻣﺎ رأى ]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬7
‫ ص‬،12 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺑﻦ ﻣ ﺮان ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬،‫ )اﻟﻤ ﻢ اﻟﻜﺒ ﻟﻠﻄ ا ﻲ‬.‫ر ﮫ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﺑﻔﺆادﻩ‬
(12941 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،219

“It is narrated from Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz): “The heart did not err in
what he saw” [53:11] He said: He (‫ )ﷺ‬saw his Lord, the Most High,
with his heart.” (Al-Mu’jam al-Kabir Tabrani, v 12, p 219, Hadith No.
12941)

So, this statement of a Sahabi says that Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬see Allah with his
heart.

Believers Will See Allah in the Hereafter

Previously, there was a sect called Jahamiya which believed that none
can see Allah even in the hereafter. Then, the scholars of Islam have
agreed that believers will see Allah in the hereafter.
‫| ‪70‬‬ ‫‪Samarat al-Aqaid‬‬

‫‪Allah will grant them such eyes through which they can see Him‬‬
‫‪before themselves, as the following verse says:‬‬

‫ُ ُ ٌ َ ْ َ َ َ ٌ َ ََّ َ ٌ‬
‫ﺎﻇ َﺮة ]اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ‪[75:22-23‬‬
‫ﺎﺿﺮة ِإ ِر ﺎ ﻧ ِ‬
‫‪ 4‬وﺟﻮﻩ ﻳﻮﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ ﻧ ِ‬

‫”‪“Many faces, that day, will be glowing, looking towards their Lord.‬‬
‫]‪[75:23‬‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ ﱠ ََ ُ َْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ ً َ ُ‬
‫ﺎﺳﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ِﻟ َﺮ ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َ ْﻞ َﻧ َﺮى‬ ‫‪ 8‬أن أﺑﺎ ﺮ ﺮة‪ ،‬أﺧ ﻩ أن ﻧ‬
‫اﻟﺸ ْﻤﺲ َﻟ ْ َ‬
‫ﺲ ُدو َ َ ﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ‪ْ َ " ...‬ﻞ ُﺗ َ‬
‫ﻀ ﱡﺎرو َ‬
‫ن‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﱠ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ر ﻨﺎ ﻳﻮم اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ ﻓﻘﺎل رﺳﻮل‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ َ ٌ َ ُ ََ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ‬
‫ﺎل " ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧﻜ ْﻢ ﺗ َﺮ ْوﻧ ُﮫ ﻛﺬ ِﻟ َﻚ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‪ ،‬إﺛﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﺎب"‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻻ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‪ .‬ﻗ‬
‫رو ﺔ اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨ ن اﻵﺧﺮة ر ﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ص ‪ ،92‬اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‪451/182 :‬؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎب ﻓﻴﻤﺎ أﻧﻜﺮت ا ﻬﻤﻴﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ص ‪ ،27‬اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‪(178 :‬‬

‫‪Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) reported: Some people asked the‬‬

‫‪): whether shall we see our Lord on the Day of‬ﷺ( ‪Messenger of Allah‬‬
‫‪) said: Do you feel any‬ﷺ( ‪Resurrection? The Messenger of Allah‬‬
‫‪trouble in seeing the sun at noon with no cloud over it. They said: No,‬‬
‫‪Messenger of Allah! He said: You will not see Him this way. (Sahih‬‬
‫)‪Muslim, p 92, Hadith No. 182/451; Ibn Majah, p 27, No. 178‬‬

‫‪) in Jannah.‬ﷻ( ‪This verse and hadith say that believers will see Allah‬‬

‫ﻳﻦ َأ ْﺣ َﺴ ُﻨﻮا ا ْ ُ ْﺴ َ‬ ‫اﻵﻳ َﺔ }ﻟ ﱠﻠﺬ َ‬

‫اﻟﻠﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َ ﺬﻩ َ‬ ‫َ ْ َُْ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ﺎل ﺗﻼ َرﺳﻮل ِ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﻋﻦ ﺻ ﻴ ٍﺐ‪ ،‬ﻗ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ َ ٌَ ََ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َﱠ ْ َﱠَ َ ْ ُ ﱠ ﱠ َ‬
‫اﻟﻨ َﺎر ﻧ َﺎدى ُﻣ َﻨ ٍﺎد َﻳﺎ أ ْ َﻞ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ ِإ ﱠن ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ‬ ‫و ِز ﺎدة{ وﻗﺎل " ِإذا دﺧﻞ أ ﻞ ا ﻨ ِﺔ ا ﻨﺔ وأ ﻞ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر‬
‫ﺾ ُو ُﺟﻮ َ َﻨﺎ َو ُ ْﺪﺧ ْﻠﻨﺎَ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﱠ َ ْ ً ُ ُ َ ْ ُْ َُ ُ ُ ََ ُ ُ َ َ َ ُ َ ََ ْ َُ ّ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻣ َﻮاز َ َﻨﺎ َو ُ ﻴَ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻮ ِﻋﺪا ﻳ ِﺮ ﺪ أن ﻳﻨ ِﺠﺰﻛﻤﻮﻩ ‪ .‬ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮن وﻣﺎ ﻮ أﻟﻢ ﻳﺜ ِﻘ ِﻞ‬
‫ﱠ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ْ َ ﱠ َ َُْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ََ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ‬
‫ﺎب ﻓ َﻴ ْﻨﻈ ُﺮو َن ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ﻓ َﻮاﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﻣﺎ أ ْﻋﻄﺎ ُ ُﻢ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ أ َﺣ ﱠﺐ‬ ‫ا ﻨﺔ و ﻨ ِﺠﻨﺎ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر ﻗﺎل ﻓﻴﻜ ِﺸﻒ ا ِ‬
‫َََ َ‬ ‫َْ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻈ ِﺮ ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ َوﻻ أﻗ ﱠﺮ ﻷ ْﻋ ُﻴ ِ ِ ْﻢ " ‪ ) .‬ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‪ ،‬إﺛﺒﺎت رو ﺔ اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨ ن‬ ‫ِإﻟ ِ ﻢ ِﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻵﺧﺮة ر ﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ص ‪ ،92‬اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‪449/181 :‬؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎب ﻓﻴﻤﺎ أﻧﻜﺮت ا ﻬﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ص ‪ ،28‬اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‪:‬‬
‫‪(187‬‬
04 - Rooyat al-Baari (Seeing Allah) | 71

“It was narrated that Suhaib said: "The Messenger of Allah recited this
Verse: 'For those who have done good is the best reward and even
more.' [10:26] Then he said: 'When the people of Paradise enter
Paradise, and the people of the Fire enter the Fire, a caller will cry out:
"O people of Paradise! You have a covenant with Allah and He wants
to fulfill it." They will say: "What is it?" Has Allah not made the Balance
(of our good deeds) heavy, and made our faces bright, and admitted
us to Paradise and saved us from Hell?" Then the Veil will be lifted and
they will look upon Him, and by Allah, Allah will not give them
anything that is more beloved to them or delightful, than looking
upon Him." (Sahih Muslim, p 92, Hadith No. 181/449; Ibn Majah, p 28,
No. 187)
ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ََ ُ َ َْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧﻜ ْﻢ‬‫ﺲ ﻟ ﺲ دو ﺎ ﺎب ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻻ ﻗ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺸ‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬...‫ َأ ﱠن َأ َﺑﺎ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة َأ ْﺧ َ َ ُ َﻤﺎ‬10
َ ‫ﺎل َﻓ َ ْﻞ ُﺗ َﻤ ُﺎرو‬
ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ
(806 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،130 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟ ﻮد‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻵذان‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺗ َﺮ ْوﻧ ُﮫ ﻛﺬ ِﻟ َﻚ‬

“Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated: … He replied, "Do you have any
doubt in seeing the sun when there are no clouds?" They replied in
the negative. He said, "You will see Allah (your Lord) in the same way.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, p 130, Hadith No. 806)

The Jahamiya sect thought that none can see Allah in the hereafter
too, they present the following verse as proof:

ُ َ ْ ُ ‫َ ُ ْ ُ ُ ْ َْ َ ُ َ ُ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َْ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[6:103 ‫ﻻ ﺗﺪ ِرﻛﮫ اﻷﺑﺼﺎر و ﻮ ﻳﺪ ِرك اﻷﺑﺼﺎر و ﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﻄﻴﻒ ا ِﺒ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬5

“No vision can encompass Him, and He encompasses all visions, and
He is Absolutely Subtle, All-Aware.” [6:103]

This verse says that encompass Allah, and thus no eyes can see him in
the hereafter too.

The scholars of Islam have clarified that the word ‘darak’ in this verse
means ‘encompassing’ which means that our eyes may not
encompass Allah, rather can only see him, as the other verse clearly
72 | Samarat al-Aqaid

see that believers will be seeing Allah in Jannat, but may not
encompass Him fully, since it is impossible. So the verse does not
mean that we will not be able to see Allah in the hereafter.

These verse 5 verses from the Quran and 10 Hadiths regarding this
belief.
 | 73

05 - Top Ten Virtues of the

Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬

We shall quote 12 verses from the Quran and 16 Hadiths in order to

establish this belief.

The Messenger (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) was

awarded many virtues which were not given to any other prophet or
messenger.

Here, we shall mention top ten virtues of the Messenger (peace and
blessing of Allah be upon him) in order to define his high status. There
is no doubt that none had qualities and virtues like him, he is the best
of all.

He reached the highest place through his perfection

He drove out the darkness through his beauty
Beautified were all his characteristics
Send Blessings to him and his family

Sometimes, some people commit disrespect to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

unknowingly and some people deny the Finality of Prophethood
(khatm al-nubuwwah) which causes disbelief (kufr); therefore the
virtues of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are mentioned so that his love in imbibed
in our hearts and we die with this.

(1) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬will be Granted al-Shafa’at al-

Kubra

On the day of resurrection, people will have to wait long for reckoning
to take place soon and would wish the reckoning to be minimized;
74 | Samarat al-Aqaid

thus they will visit the prophets to intercede Allah, but they will not
be ready for it and will excuse. Finally, they will approach the
Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) and
then he will intercede Allah and his intercession will be accepted by
Allah. This is called al-Shafa’at al-Kubra (Bigger Intercession) which
will be specially granted to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing
of Allah be upon him).

The other prophets will intercede for their people to get them into
Jannah. Similarly, pious persons will also be granted this status. This
is called al-Shafa’at al-Sughra (smaller intercession). The Messenger
of Allah (peace and blessing of Allah be upon him) will be Granted al-
Shafa’at al-Kubra (bigger intercession) which will include all human
being.

This is mentioned in Hadith:

ْ ‫َ ْ ََ َ َ ﱠ ُ َْ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﺲ ر ِ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬1
ُ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُﻳ َﻘ‬... ‫اﺳ َ ْﺸ َﻔ ْﻌ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َ َرّ َﻨﺎ َﺣ ﱠ ُﻳﺮ َﺤ َﻨﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ َ ِﺎﻧ َﻨﺎ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ َﻴ ُﻘ ُﻮﻟﻮ َن َﻟ ْﻮ‬
‫ﺎل ِ ا ْرﻓ ْﻊ َرأ َﺳ َﻚ َﺳ ْﻞ ْﻌﻄ ْﮫ َوﻗ ْﻞ‬ ِ َ ِ ْ
ْ‫ﻴﺪ ُ َﻌ ِّﻠ ُﻤ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َأ ْﺷ َﻔ ُﻊ َﻓ َﻴ ُﺤ ﱡﺪ َﺣﺪا ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُأ ْﺧﺮ ُﺟ ُ ﻢ‬ ٍ ‫ﻤ‬ ْ
‫ﺤ‬ َ
‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ر‬َ ُ
‫ﺪ‬ َ ‫اﺷ َﻔ ْﻊ ُ َﺸ ﱠﻔ ْﻊ َﻓ َﺄ ْر َﻓ ُﻊ َرأ َﻓﺄ ْﺣ‬
‫ﻤ‬
ْ َ َْ ْ ُ
‫ﺴﻤﻊ و‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ُ ْ ً ‫ﻮد ﻓﺄﻗ ُﻊ َﺳ‬ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ
‫اﻟﺮا ِ َﻌ ِﺔ َﺣ ﱠ َﻣﺎ َﺑ ِﻘ َﻲ ِ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر ِإﻻ‬
‫اﻟﺜ ِﺎﻟﺜ ِﺔ أ ْو ﱠ‬ ِ ‫ﺎﺟﺪا ِﻣﺜﻠﮫ‬ ِ
ُ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر َوأ ْدﺧﻠ ُ ْﻢ ا َ ﱠﻨﺔ ﺛ ﱠﻢ أ ُﻋ‬
ِ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ‬
‫ْ ﱠ‬
ْ
:‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ واﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ َ َﺴ ُﮫ اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ُآن‬
(6565

“Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, Allah will gather
all the people on the Day of Resurrection and they will say, 'Let us
request someone to intercede for us with our Lord so that He may
relieve us from this place of ours.'… then I will be addressed.'
(Muhammad!) Raise your head. Ask, and your request will be granted;
say, and your saying will be listened to; intercede, and your
intercession will be accepted.' I will raise my head and praise Allah
with a saying (i.e. invocation) He will teach me, and then I will
intercede. He will fix a limit for me (to intercede for) whom I will admit
into Paradise. Then I will come back again to Allah, and when I see my
05 - Top Ten Virtues of the Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬ | 75

Lord, the same thing will happen to me. And then I will intercede and
Allah will fix a limit for me to intercede whom I will let into Paradise,
then I will come back for the third time; and then I will come back for
the fourth time, and will say, 'None remains in Hell but those whom
the Qur'an has imprisoned (in Hell).” (Sahih al-Bukhari, p 1136, No.
6565)

This Hadith mentions three things:

(1) He will be granted al-Shafa’at al-Kubra (bigger intercession).

(2) He will pray Allah in the Day of Judgment and Allah will accept his
prayer.

(3) He will take as much persons from Jahannam as Allah will allow for
him.

(2) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬will be Granted Hauz al-Kauthar

The Qur’an says:

َْ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
ُ َ ‫اﻷ ْﺑ‬ َ ‫َﻓ‬ َ ‫إ ﱠﻧﺎ َأ ْﻋ َﻄ ْﻴ َﻨ‬
َ‫ﺎك ْاﻟ َ ْﻮ َﺛﺮ‬
‫ِإن ﺷﺎ ِﻧﺌﻚ ﻮ‬ ‫ﺼ ِ ّﻞ ِﻟ َﺮِّ َﻚ َو ْاﻧ َﺤ ْﺮ‬ ِ 1
[108:1-2‫]اﻟ ﻮﺛﺮ‬

“(O Prophet,) surely We have given to you Al-Kauthar. So, offer Salah
(prayer) to your Lord, and sacrifice. [108:1-2]

The verse establishes that he was granted al-Kauthar by Allah.

There are some Hadiths which mention this:

ُ‫ َﻣ ُﺎؤ ُﻩ َأ ْﺑ َﻴﺾ‬،‫"ﺣ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺴ َ ُة َﺷ ْ ﺮ‬َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬:‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﻤﺮو‬

‫ﺎل ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َُْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ‬2
ٍ ِ ِ ٍ
َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ َوﻛ َ ُاﻧ ُﮫ ﻛ ُﻨ ُﺠﻮم ﱠ‬،‫ َور ُﺤ ُﮫ أﻃ َﻴ ُﺐ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻤ ْﺴﻚ‬،‫اﻟﻠ َ ن‬
." ‫ َﻣ ْﻦ ﺷ ِﺮ َب ِﻣ ْ َ ﺎ ﻓﻼ َﻳﻈ َﻤﺄ أ َﺑ ًﺪا‬،‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ ِﺎء‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ‬
(6579 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،1138 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ا ﻮض‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
76 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Abdullah bin `Amr (raz) narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "My
Lake-Fount is (so large that it takes) a month's journey to cross it. Its
water is whiter than milk, and its smell is nicer than musk (a kind of
Perfume), and its drinking cups are (as numerous) as the (number of)
stars of the sky; and whoever drinks from it, will never be thirsty."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, p 1138, No. 6579)
‫َ ُ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ً ُ َ ٌ َ َ ََ ْ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ َأ‬3
‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﱠ‬ ‫ ﻓﻘﺮأ ِ ﺴ ِﻢ‬. " ‫ " ِإﻧﮫ أﻧ ِﺰﻟﺖ ﻋ آ ِﻧﻔﺎ ﺳﻮرة‬:‫ ﻓﻘﺎل‬... :‫ ﻳﻘﻮل‬،‫ﺲ ْﺑ َﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ‬ ِ
ُ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ََ َ ‫ﱠ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
: ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬. " ‫ " ﻞ ﺗﺪرون ﻣﺎ اﻟ ﻮﺛﺮ‬: ‫اﻟﺮ ِﺣ ِﻴﻢ ِ}إﻧﺎ أﻋﻄﻴﻨﺎك اﻟ ﻮﺛﺮ{ ﺣ ﺧﺘﻤ ﺎ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺮأ ﺎ ﻗﺎل‬
َ ٌ ْ َ ْ ََ ٌ َ ٌ ْ َ ْ ََ َ ‫َ َ ُ ُ ُ َ َْ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َْ ٌ َ َ َ َّ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ض ﺗ ِﺮ ُد‬ ‫ وﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ﺧ ﻛ ِﺜ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ﺣﻮ‬،‫ " ﻓ ِﺈﻧﮫ ﺮ وﻋﺪ ِﻧ ِﻴﮫ رِ ﻲ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ِ ا ﻨ ِﺔ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل‬. ‫ورﺳﻮﻟﮫ أﻋﻠﻢ‬
َْ ْ ُ َ
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ا ﻮض‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ أ ﱠﻣ ِ َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ ِآﻧ َ ُﺘ ُﮫ َﻋ َﺪ ُد اﻟ َﻮ ِاﻛ ِﺐ‬
(4747 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،671

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) said: The Messenger of Allah(‫ )ﷺ‬said: A
surah has been revealed to me just now, and then he recited: “In the
name of Allah, Most Gracious. Most Merciful. To thee We have
granted the fount (of abundance)” up to the end. When he recited,
he asked: Do you know what al-kauthar is? They replied: Allah and his
Apostle know best. He said: It is a river which my Lord, the Exalted,
has promised me( to grant) in Paradise: there is abundance of good
and upon it there is a pond which my people will approach on the Day
of Resurrection. There are vessels as numerous as stars (in the sky).
(Sahih al-Bukhari, p 671, No. 4747)

These Hadiths prove that the Messenger of will be honoured with al-
Kauthar and none shall have this privilege other than him.

(3) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬will be Granted Waseelah

َ
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " ِإذا َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُﻢ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ ْﺑﻦ َﻋ ْﻤﺮو ْﺑﻦ ْاﻟ َﻌﺎص‬
‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬4
ُ ْ َ ‫ْ ُ َ ّ َ َ ُ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱡ ََ ﱠ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َﱠ ََ ﱠ َ ًَ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ ِ َ ﺎ َﻋﺸ ًﺮا ﺛ ﱠﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺆ ِذن ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮا ِﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﻮل ﺛﻢ ﺻﻠﻮا ﻋ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺻ ﻋ ﺻﻼة‬
َ
َ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ ْ ٌَ ْ َ ََ ْ ‫ُ ﱠ‬
‫َﺳﻠﻮا اﻟﻠ َﮫ ِ َ اﻟ َﻮ ِﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠ َ ﺎ َﻣ ِﻟﺔ ِ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ ﻻ ﺗ َﺒ ِ ِإﻻ ِﻟ َﻌ ْﺒ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻋ َﺒ ِﺎد اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َوأ ْر ُﺟﻮ أ ْن أ ﻮن أﻧﺎ ُ َﻮ‬
َُ َ ‫ََ ْ ََ َ َ َْ ََ َﱠ ْ َُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب اﻟﻘﻮل ﻣﺜﻞ‬، ‫" ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﺷﺮ ﻒ‬. ‫ﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ ﺳﺄل ِ اﻟﻮ ِﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺣﻠﺖ ﻟﮫ اﻟﺸﻔ‬
05 - Top Ten Virtues of the Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬ | 77

‫؛‬849/383 ‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،163 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻗﻮل اﻟﻤﺆذن ﻟﻤﻦ ﺳﻤﻌ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺼ ﻋ اﻟﻨ ﺛﻢ ﺴﺄل اﻟﻠ ﻟ اﻟﻮﺳﯿﻠﺔ‬
( 3612 ‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،824 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺳﻠﻮ اﻟﻮﺳﯿﻠﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬

Hadhrat 'Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (raz) reported Allah's Messenger
(‫ )ﷺ‬as saying: “When you hear the Mu'adhdhin, repeat what he says,
then invoke a blessing on me, for everyone who invokes a blessing on
me will receive ten blessings from Allah; then beg from Allah al-Wasila
for me, which is a rank in Paradise fitting for only one of Allah's
servants, and I hope that I may be that one. If anyone who asks that I
be given the Wasila, he will be assured of my intercession.” (Sahih
Muslim, p 163, No. 383/849; Sunan al-Tirmizi, p 824, No. 3612)
َ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ َﺪ َاء‬
ّ ‫ﺎل ﺣ َن َ ْﺴ َﻤ ُﻊ‬
ِ ِ َ ‫ﺎل "ﻣﻦ ﻗ‬ ‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬5
ْ ََ ْ ََ ْ َ ْ َ ‫اﻟﺘ ﱠﺎﻣﺔ َو ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫آت ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ًﺪا اﻟ َﻮ ِﺳﻴﻠﺔ َواﻟ َﻔ ِﻀﻴﻠﺔ َوا ْ َﻌﺜ ُﮫ َﻣ َﻘ ًﺎﻣﺎ‬ِ ‫اﻟﺼﻼ ِة اﻟﻘﺎ ِﺋ َﻤ ِﺔ‬ ِ
‫اﻟﺪ ْﻋ َﻮة ﱠ‬
ِ
‫اﻟﻠ ُ ﱠﻢ َر ﱠب َ ﺬﻩ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ
َ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ َُ ْ ‫َ ْ ُ ً ﱠ َ ََُْ َﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻷذان‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ ﺣﻠﺖ ﻟﮫ ﺷﻔﺎﻋ ِ ﻳﻮم اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮدا اﻟ ِﺬي وﻋﺪﺗﮫ‬
(614 ‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،102 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﺪاء‬

Hadhrat Jabir bin `Abdullah (raz) narrated: Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,

"Whoever after listening to the Adhan says, 'Allahumma Rabba
hadhihi-dda` watit-tammah, was-salatil qa'imah, ati Muhammadan
al-wasilata wal-fadilah, wa b`ath-hu maqaman mahmudan-il-ladhi
wa`adtahu' [O Allah! Lord of this perfect call (perfect by not ascribing
partners to You) and of the regular prayer which is going to be
established, give Muhammad the right of intercession and
illustriousness, and resurrect him to the best and the highest place in
Paradise that You promised him (of)], then my intercession for him
will be allowed on the Day of Resurrection".

These Hadiths say that Waseelah is a great status that will be granted
only to the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
78 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(4) The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing of Allah be

upon him) will be Granted Liwa al-Hamd

Liwa al-Hamd means ‘flag of praise’. He will granted this status due to
his praises to Allah in unparallel and unmatched way, so he will
exclusively be give the Flag of Praise.
َ
‫ﺎس ﺧ ُﺮو ًﺟﺎ ِإذا‬
ُ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َأ َﻧﺎ َأ ﱠو ُل ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ل‬ َ ْ ََ ْ َ
‫اﻟﻨ‬
َِ َ ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﻚ‬ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬6
‫ﺎﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ّ َ َ َ َ َ ََ ُ
‫ُ ِﻌﺜﻮا َوأﻧﺎ ﺧ ِﻄﻴ ُ ُ ْﻢ ِإذا َوﻓ ُﺪوا َوأﻧﺎ ُﻣ َ ِﺸ ُﺮ ُ ْﻢ ِإذا أ ِ ُﺴﻮا ِﻟ َﻮ ُاء ا َ ْﻤ ِﺪ َﻳ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪي َوأﻧﺎ أﻛ َﺮ ُم َوﻟ ِﺪ آ َد َم‬
ْ َ َ َ
(3610 ‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،823 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أﻧﺎ أول اﻟﻨﺎس ﺧﺮوﺟﺎ إذا ﻌﺜﻮا‬،‫" )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬. ‫َﻋ َرِّ ﻲ َوﻻ ﻓﺨ َﺮ‬

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) narrated: The Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: "I am the first of the people to appear upon their being
resurrected, and I am their spokesman whenever they gather, and I
am the one that gives them glad tidings whenever they give up hope.
And the Banner of Praise will be in my hand that day, and I am the
most noble of the children of Adam with my Lord, and I am not
boasting."

This Hadith establishes that the Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬will carry the Flag of
Praise on the Day of Judgment.

(5) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬is Khatim al-Anbiya

Khatim al-Anbiya means that he is the Final Prophet and no prophet

shall be raised after him.

‫َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ ٌ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ُ َل ﱠ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ّ َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
ُ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ ﻣﺎ ﺎن ﻣﺤﻤﺪ أﺑﺎ أﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣﻦ ِرﺟ ِﺎﻟﻜﻢ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ رﺳﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﺧﺎﺗﻢ اﻟﻨ ِ ِﻴ ن و ﺎن‬2
َ ُ
[33:40 ‫ِﺑ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء َﻋ ِﻠ ًﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬

“Muhammad is not a father of any of your men, but he is a messenger

of Allah and the last of the prophets. And Allah has the Knowledge of
every thing.” [33:40]
05 - Top Ten Virtues of the Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬ | 79

‫ﺎل َأ َﻧﺎ َﺧﺎﺗ ُﻢ ﱠ‬

." ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ِّﻴ َن‬
‫َﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬ َ
‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ أن رﺳﻮل‬7
ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻻ ﺗﻘﻮم‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬3535 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،595 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﺧﺎﺗﻢ اﻟﻨ ﯿ ن‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(2219 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،509 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺣ ﯾﺨﺮج ﮐﺬاﺑﻮن‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased

with him), the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “I am the last of the prophets.” (Sahih
al-Bukhari, p. 595, No. 3535; Sunan al-Tirmidhi, p. 509, No. 2219)

‫ إ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﺳ َﻴ ُ ﻮ ُن ِ ُأ ﱠﻣ ِ َﻛ ﱠﺬ ُاﺑﻮ َن َﺛ َﻼ ُﺛﻮ َن ُ ﱡﻠ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺰ ُﻋ ُﻢ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻧ ﱞ‬... :‫ ﻋﻦ ﺛﻮ ﺎن ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬8

ِ ِ
َ َ
. " ‫ﺎل اﺑﻦ ِﻋ " ﻇﺎ ِ ِﺮ ﻦ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ّ َ ْ َ َ ُ
َ ‫ ﻗ‬. " ‫ال َﻃ ِﺎﺋﻔﺔ ِﻣﻦ أ ﱠﻣ ﻋ ا ﻖ‬ ْ ٌ َ ‫َو َأ َﻧﺎ َﺧ َﺎﺗ ُﻢ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﻨ ّﻴ َن َﻻ َﻧ ﱠ َ ْﻌ ِﺪي َو َﻻ َﺗ َﺰ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِِ
‫ُ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱡ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ َْ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﻔ ن و‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ )أﺑﻮداود‬. " ‫ﺛﻢ اﺗﻔﻘﺎ " ﻻ ﻳﻀﺮ ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﺣ ﻳﺄ ِ ﻲ أﻣﺮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
(4252 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،596 ‫ ص‬،‫دﻻﺋﻠ ﺎ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Thoban, the Messenger of God said:

… There will be among my people thirty great liars each of them
asserting that he is (Allah's) prophet, where as I am the seal of the
Prophets after whom (me) there will be no prophet. (Abu Dawud, p.
595, No. 4252)

These verses and Hadiths establish that the Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is the
Final Prophet and no prophet shall come after him; therefore if
anyone claims to be prophet after him, he will be regarded as liar.

(6) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬is Prophet for All Humanity

All other prophets (peace be upon them) were sent by Allah for a
particular peoples, or for a particular time, but the Prophet
Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬was sent by Allah for all of the mankind and the jinn,
and his prophethood will continue till Qiyamah; therefore he is has
more virtue and special privilege upon others.

ً ََ ً َ ‫َ َ َْ َ َْ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ ً ﱠ‬
[24:28 ‫ﺎس ِﺸ ا وﻧ ِﺬﻳﺮا ]ﺳﺒﺄ‬
ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨﺎك ِإﻻ ﺎﻓﺔ ِﻟﻠﻨ‬3
80 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“We did not send you (O prophet,) but to the entire mankind, as a
bearer of good news and as a warner, but most people do not know.”
[24:28]

ً َ ْ ُ ْ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َﱡَ ﱠ ُ ّ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
[7:158 ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس ِإ ِ ﻲ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإﻟﻴﻜﻢ ﺟ ِﻤﻴﻌﺎ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬4

“(O Prophet Muhammad) Say, O people, I am a messenger of Allah

(sent) to all of you…” [7:158]
َ ْ ً ‫َ َ َْ َ َْ َ ﱠ‬
[21:107 ‫ﺎك ِإﻻ َر ْﺣ َﻤﺔ ِﻟﻠ َﻌﺎﻟ ِﻤ َن ]اﻷﻧ ﻴﺎء‬‫ وﻣﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨ‬5

“And We have not sent you but as mercy for all the worlds.” [21:107]

ً‫ ْاﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ َم َأ ْﻛ َﻤ ْﻠ ُﺖ َﻟ ُﻜ ْﻢ د َﻳﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َو َأ ْﺗ َﻤ ْﻤ ُﺖ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ُﻜ ْﻢ ْﻌ َﻤ َو َرﺿ ُﺖ َﻟ ُﻜ ُﻢ ْاﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ َم دﻳﻨﺎ‬6

ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
[5:3 ‫]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“Today, I have perfected your religion for you, and have completed
My blessing upon you, and chosen Islam as Din (religion and a way of
life) for you.” [5:3]

ْ ُ ْ ٌ ُ ُ ْ ُ َْ ْ ََ ْ ْ َ ّ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ
[6:130 ‫ﺲ أﻟﻢ ﻳﺄ ِﺗﻜﻢ رﺳﻞ ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ ِ ‫ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻌﺸﺮ ا ِ ِﻦ و‬7
ِ ‫اﻹ‬
“O species of Jinn and mankind, had the messengers not come to you,
from among yourselves, who used to relate My verses to you…”
[6:130]

These verses establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was sent to the whole
mankind and jinn.
05 - Top Ten Virtues of the Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬ | 81

(7) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬was Ascended in Me’raj and

Shown Great Signs

The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was ascended to the heavens during Me’raj and

was shown great signs of Allah. The celestial ascension was exclusively
given to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and none else.
َْ
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻗ‬ ْ َ ْ ْ َ ًْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫َ َﺮ ِام ِإ اﻟ َﻤ ْ ِ ِﺪ‬ ْ َ
‫ ﺳﺒﺤﺎن اﻟ ِﺬي أﺳﺮى ِ ﻌﺒ ِﺪ ِﻩ ﻟﻴﻼ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻤ ِ ِﺪ ا‬8
[17:1 ‫]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬ ‫ﱠاﻟ ِﺬي َﺑ َﺎر ْﻛ َﻨﺎ َﺣ ْﻮ َﻟ ُﮫ ِﻟ ُ َﻳ ُﮫ ﻣ ْﻦ َآ َﻳﺎ ِﺗ َﻨﺎ إ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ ُ َﻮ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﺴ ِﻤ ُﻴﻊ ْاﻟ َﺒ ِﺼ‬
ِ ِ ِ

“Glorious is He Who made his servant travel by night from Al-Masjid-

ul-Haram to Al-Masjid-ul-Aqsa whose environs We have blessed, so
that We let him see some of Our signs. Surely, He is the All-Hearing,
the All- Seeing.” [17:1]

َ ْ ُ ْ َّ ََ ْ ََ ْ َ َ
‫ى‬
[53:18 ‫ﺎت رِ ِﮫ اﻟﻜ ]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬
ِ ‫ ﻟﻘﺪ رأى ِﻣﻦ آﻳ‬9

“He has indeed seen a part of the biggest signs of your Lord.” [53:18]

‫ ﻗﺎل ﺑ ﻨﻤﺎ اﻧﺎ ا ﻄﯿﻢ۔ ر ﻤﺎ‬، ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﮏ ﺑﻦ ﺻﻌﺼﻌﺔ ان ﻧ اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﺣﺪﺛ ﻋﻦ ﻟﯿﻠﺔ اﺳﺮی‬9
‫ﻗﺎل ا ﺮ۔ ﻣﻀﻄﺠﻌﺎ اذا اﺗﺎ ﯽ آت ․․․․․ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﯽ ﺟ ﯾﻞ ﺣ ا ﯽ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء اﻟﺪﻧﯿﺎ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻔﺘﺢ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﻌﺮاج‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ اﻷﻧﺼﺎر‬،‫ ا ۔ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬، ‫․․․․ﺛﻢ رﻓﻊ اﻟﺒ ﺖ اﻟﻤﻌﻤﻮر‬
(3887 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،652

It is naratted on the authority of Malik ibn Sa'sa’a, he said: The Holy

Prophet narrated about the night of Ascension. He said: “While I was
lying in Al-Hatim or Al-Hijr, suddenly someone came to me … then
Gabriel took me and we reached the nearest heaven … then he took
me to al-Bait al-Mamur (i.e. the Sacred House). (Sahih al-Bukhari, p.
652, No. 3887)

These verses and Hadith establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was ascended
to heavens in Me’raj as well as was shown signs of Allah.
82 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(8) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬was Granted Qur’an

Some other prophets were given only scriptures or small divine books
but the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was specially granted the great book Qur’an.
ً َْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ
[76:23 ‫ ِإ ﱠﻧﺎ ﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ ﻧ ﱠﺰﻟ َﻨﺎ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻚ اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮآ َن ﺗ ِ ﻳﻼ ]اﻹ ﺴﺎن‬10

“Indeed we have revealed to you the Qur‘an through a gradual

process” [76:23]

(9) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬is the Beloved of Allah

This is established by several Hadiths, some of which are as follows:

‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻋ اﻟﻤ ﯽ اﻟ ﻼ ﻋﻦ اﺑﯿ ﻗﺎل دﺧﻠﺖ ﻋ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﺷ ﺎﺗ اﻟﺬی ﻗﺒﺾ‬10

‫ )ﻃ ا ﯽ‬.‫ﻓﯿ ﺎ ․․․․․اﻧﺎ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ اﻟﻨ ﯿ ن و اﮐﺮم اﻟﻨ ﯿ ن ﻋ اﻟﻠ و اﺣﺐ ا ﻠﻮﻗ ن ا اﻟﻠ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺗﻮارخ‬، ‫؛ ﻣﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬2675 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،57 ، ‫ ﺑﻘﯿﺔ اﻻﺧﺒﺎر ا ﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋ‬،3 ‫ ج‬، ‫ﮐﺒ‬
،‫دﻻﺋﻞ اﻟﻨﺒﻮة‬ ‫ ﺑﺎب و ﻣﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب آﯾﺎت رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ اﻟ‬،‫اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣ ن ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧ ﯿﺎء و اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﯿ ن‬
( (4228 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،672 ‫ ص‬،2 ‫ج‬

It is narrated on the authority of Ali ibn Ali al-Mukki al-Hilali, who

narrated it from his father, he said: “In the disease in which the Holy
Prophet deaprted this world… “I am the seal of prophets, the most
honoured of all prophets in the sight of Allah and the most beloved to
Allah than all the creature. (Tabarani Kabir, vol. 1, Baqiyat al-Akhbar
al-Hasan ibn Ali, 57, Hadith No. 2675; Mustadrak by Haakim, The book
of the history of the earlier prophets and messengers, vol 2, p 672,
No. 4228)

‫ و اﻧﺎ اﮐﺮم وﻟﺪ آدم ﻋ ر ﯽ و ﻻ ﻓﺨﺮ ۔ ) ﺳ ن‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ا ﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﮏ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬11
(3610 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،823 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻧﺎ اول اﻟﻨﺎس ﺧﺮوﺟﺎ اذا ﻌﺜﻮا‬،‫اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬
05 - Top Ten Virtues of the Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬ | 83

“Hadhrat Anas ibn Malik (raz) said: The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“I am the noblest of the children of Adam in the sight of my Lord, but
there is nothing to be proud of.” (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, p 823, No. 3610)

These Hadiths establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was the most beloved
of all people to Allah.

(10) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬was the Head of All People

who Passed Earlier and who shall Come

This is established by several Hadiths, some of which are as follows:

ََ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ َﻗ‬12
‫ﺎل ُﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ َﻣ َﻊ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل "أﻧﺎ‬‫ وﻗ‬... ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ دﻋﻮ ٍة‬ ِ
َ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻋﺰ و ﺟﻞ ﴿ و‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب أﺣﺎدﯾﺚ اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫َﺳ ّﻴ ُﺪ ْاﻟ َﻘ ْﻮم َﻳ ْﻮ َم ْاﻟﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣﺔ‬
ِ ِ ٰ ِ ِ
ْ َ ٰ ً ُْ َْ َ َْ ْ ََ
(3340 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،555 ‫ ﴾ ص‬11:25 ‫ﻟﻘﺪ ارﺳﻠﻨﺎ ﻧﻮﺣﺎ ِا ﻗﻮ ِﻣ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (raz), he said, we were

in the company of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬at a banquet … he said: “"I will be
the chief of all the people on the Day of Resurrection.” (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Book of Hadiths of the Prophets, p 555, No 3340)
َ َْ َ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬13
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ "أﻧﺎ َﺳ ِّﻴ ُﺪ َوﻟ ِﺪ َآد َم َوأ ﱠو ُل َﻣ ْﻦ ﺗ ﺸ ﱡﻖ‬:‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫َ َ ﱠ ُل‬ َ ‫َ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ ﱠ ُل‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﺨﯿ ﺑ ن اﻻﻧ ﯿﺎء ﻋﻠ ﻢ اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داود‬."‫ﻋﻨﮫ اﻷرض وأو ﺷ ِﺎﻓ ٍﻊ وأو ﻣﺸﻔ ٍﻊ‬
(4673 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،660

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) reported that the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: “I shall be pre-eminent among the descendants of Adam, the
first from whom the earth will be cleft open the first intercessor, and
the first whose intercession will be accepted.” (Abu Dawud, p. 660,
No. 4673)

We have quoted 10 verses from the Qur’an and 13 Hadiths that

establish the virtue of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Therefore, he should be
followed and no word of disrespect should be spoken in any way
84 | Samarat al-Aqaid

about him. But, we should remember that his status should not be so
exaggerated, as the Christians did with the Prophet Isa (peace be
upon him) that elevated him to the grade of God. The Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
prohibited to do so.

We Should not Exceed the Limit in Praising the Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬

The Qur’an says:

ْ َ ُ ُْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ
[5:77 ‫ﺎب ﻻ ﻐﻠﻮا ِ ِدﻳ ِﻨﻜ ْﻢ ﻏ ْ َ ا َ ِ ّﻖ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬
ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬11
“Say, O people of the Book, be not excessive in your religion unjustly,”
[5:77]
ْ ‫ُ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ُْ َ َ
[4:171 ‫ ﻻ ﻐﻠﻮا ِ ِدﻳ ِﻨﻜ ْﻢ َوﻻ ﺗ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮا َﻋ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإﻻ ا َ ﱠﻖ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬12

“O people of the Book, be not excessive in your Faith, and do not say
about Allah anything but the truth.” [4:171]

Thus, no exaggeration should be made regarding virtues of the

Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, rather it should be confined to the limits set by the
Qur’an, as some of the Hadiths say:

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻋ َ ْاﻟﻤ ْﻨ َ َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬14
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
‫َ ُ ُ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ َ َْ َ َ ﱠ َ ََ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
ُ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو َر ُﺳ ُﻮﻟﮫ‬
ِ ‫ ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮا ﻋﺒﺪ‬،‫ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‬،‫وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮل " ﻻ ﺗﻄﺮو ِ ﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ أﻃﺮ ِت اﻟﻨﺼﺎرى اﺑﻦ ﻣﺮ ﻢ‬
(3445 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،580 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب أﺣﺎدﯾﺚ اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."

Hadhrat `Umar (raz) narrates: I heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying, "Do not
exaggerate in praising me as the Christians praised the son of Mary,
for I am only a Slave. So, call me the Slave of Allah and His Apostle."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Hadiths of the Prophets, p 580, No 3445)

This hadith states that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬prohibited us to exaggerate in

his praise as the Christians did with the Prophet Isa (peace be upon
05 - Top Ten Virtues of the Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬ | 85

him) that they made him parallel to God. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬asked
Muslims to call him only Allah’s slave and His Messenger.

َْ َ َُ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ﻴﺪ ا ْ ُ ْﺪر ّي‬

َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ ْ َ
‫ )أﺑﻮ‬." ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻻ ﺗﺨ ِّ ُ وا َﺑ ْ َن اﻷﻧ ِ َﻴ ِﺎء‬
‫ﺎل ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻌ‬
ٍ ِ َ
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ‬15
‫أ‬
(4668 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،660 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﺨﯿ ﺑ ن اﻻﻧ ﯿﺎء ﻋﻠ ﻢ اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫داود‬

Hadhrat Abu Sa’id al-Khudri (raz) reported the Messenger of Allah

(May peace be upon him) said: “Do not distinguish between the
Prophets.” (Abu Dawud, p. 660, No. 4668)

In these hadiths, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said that you should not give me too
much superiority over the prophets, therefore we should not
exaggerate in praise more than what is mentioned in the verses and
hadiths, as it is deviation.

The following hadith says that to do more than what is in the Qur'an
and Hadith is bid'ah (innovation in religion), and the end of bid'ah is
misguidance, so it must be avoided:
ُ ٌ َ ُ َ ُ ََ ْ َ ُ َ َ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ ِ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ﱠ‬16
‫ﺎت اﻷ ُﻣﻮ ِر ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠن ﱠﻞ ُﻣ ْﺤ َﺪﺛ ٍﺔ ِﺑ ْﺪ َﻋﺔ َو ﱠﻞ‬
ِ ‫ و ِ ﱠﻳﺎﻛ ْﻢ و ُﻣﺤﺪﺛ‬... ‫اﻟﺴﻠ ِ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﻤ ٍﺮو‬
ٌ ََ َ َ ْ
‫ﻴﺢ‬ ‫؛‬4607 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،651 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻟﺰوم اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داود‬." ‫ﺿﻼﻟﺔ‬ ‫ِﺑﺪﻋ ٍﺔ‬
(2005/867 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،347 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺨﻔﯿﻒ اﻟﺼﻼة و ا ﻄﺒﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

Abdur Rahman ibn Amr as-Sulami narrated, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

“Avoid novelties, for every novelty is an innovation, and every
innovation is an error.” (Abu Dawud, p. 651, No. 4607; Sahih
Muslim, p 347, No. 867/2005)

These 2 verses and 3 Hadiths establish that we not exceed the limits
of the Qur’an and Hadith as this will lead to deviation.

Thus, 12 verses and 16 Hadiths were quoted regarding this belief.

 | 86

06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is

Human Being, but Superior
to All
We shall quote 28 verses from the Qur’an and 8 Hadiths, which are
as follows:

The revelations to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are noor (light), his prophethood

is light, the Qur’an revealed to him is light, iman is also light, all these
qualities are fully associated with the Prophet (‫ ;)ﷺ‬thus the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬is noori as per these qualities, but he is a human being as per his
person; since he was born among human beings, he used to eat food,
drink water, he got married and passed his life like a human being.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is the Most Beloved of All

The following Hadiths say:

‫ و ﻟﻮﻻ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻮﻻ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺖ آدم‬... ‫ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل او اﻟﻠ ا ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺮ ﻢ‬1
‫ و ﻟﻘﺪ ﺧﻠﻘﺖ اﻟﻌﺮش ﻋ اﻟﻤﺎء ﻓﺎﺿﻄﺮب ﻓﮑﺘ ﺖ ﻋﻠﯿ ﻻ اﻟ اﻻ اﻟﻠ‬،‫ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺖ ا ﻨﺔ و ﻻ اﻟﻨﺎر‬
،‫دﻻﺋﻞ اﻟﻨﺒﻮة‬ ‫ و ﻣﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب آﯾﺎت رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ اﻟ‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬.‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻓﺴﮑﻦ‬
( ‫ھ‬405 ‫ ﻣﺘﻮ‬/4227 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،672 ‫ ص‬، 2 ‫ج‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz) says that

Allah sent revelation to Hadhrat Isa son of Maryam …. Allah said, I
would not have created Adam if there was not Muhammad, and if
there was not Muhammad I would not have created Paradise and
Hell. When the Throne was created on water, it began to move, so I
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 87

wrote on this Throne: ‘Laa ilaha ill-Allah Muhammad Rasoolullah’,

then it became static. (Mustadrak by Hakim, vol. 2, p. 672, No. 4227,
death 405 AH)

‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا ﻄﺎب ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻟﻤﺎ اﻗ ف آدم ا ﻄﯿﺔ ۔۔۔ﻓﺮأﯾﺖ ﻋ ﻗﻮاﺋﻢ‬2
‫ﻓﻌﻠﻤﺖ اﻧﮏ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻀﻒ ا اﺳﻤﮏ اﻻ اﺣﺐ ا ﻠﻖ‬، ‫ ﻻ اﻟ اﻻ اﻟﻠ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ‬، ‫اﻟﻌﺮش ﻣﮑﺘﻮ ﺎ‬
‫ و ﻟﻮﻻ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬، ‫ ادﻋ ﺑﺤﻘ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻏﻔﺮت ﻟﮏ‬، ‫ ﺻﺪﻗﺖ ﯾﺎ آدم اﻧ ﻻﺣﺐ ا ﻠﻖ ا‬: ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻠ‬،‫اﻟﯿﮏ‬
،672 ‫ ص‬، 2 ‫ ج‬،‫دﻻﺋﻞ اﻟﻨﺒﻮة‬ ‫ و ﻣﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب آﯾﺎت رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ اﻟ‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬.‫ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺘﮏ‬
( ‫ھ‬405 ‫ ﻣﺘﻮ‬/4228 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (raz),

the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “When Adam (peace and blessings
of Allah be upon him) made a mistake ... I saw ‘Laa ilaha ill-Allah
Muhammad Rasoolullah’ written on the foot of the Throne. I knew
that you did not add to your name except the name of your most
loved one, so Allah said: You believed, Adam, you told the truth,
indeed he is most loved one to me among all creation, pray to me
with his intermediation, I have forgiven you, and had it not been
Muhammad, I would not have created you. (Mustadrak by Hakim, vol.
2, p. 672, No. 4228, death 405 AH)

These Hadiths establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is the most superior to
all in the universe.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to Declare He is Human Being

In the following verses the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare that he

was a human being, but he has the privilege of wahy revelation:
َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُْ َ ََ ُ
[18:110 ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ ُﻳﻮ َ ِإ ﱠ أ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ِإﻟ ُ ﻜ ْﻢ ِإﻟ ٌﮫ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ ]اﻟﻜ ﻒ‬1

“Say, Surely, I am but a human being like you; it is revealed to me

that your God is the One God.” [18:110]
88 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُْ َ ََ ُ
[41:6 ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ ُﻳﻮ َ ِإ ﱠ أ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ِإﻟ ُ ﻜ ْﻢ ِإﻟ ٌﮫ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬2

“Say, I am but a human being like you; it is revealed to me that your

god is only One God.”[41:6]
ً َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ ُﺳ ْﺒ َﺤ‬3
[17:93 ‫ﺎن َرِّ ﻲ َ ْﻞ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ِإﻻ َ ﺸ ًﺮا َر ُﺳﻮﻻ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬

“Say, I proclaim the Purity of my Lord. I am nothing but human, a

messenger.” [17:93]

‫ن‬َ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ‫َ َ َ ََْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ ْ ﱠ‬
[21:34 ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ِﻟ ﺸ ٍﺮ ِﻣﻦ ﻗﺒ ِﻠﻚ ا ﻠﺪ أﻓ ِﺈن ِﻣﺖ ﻓ ﻢ ا ِﺎﻟﺪو ]اﻷﻧ ﻴﺎء‬4

“We did not assign immortality to any human (even) before you. So,
if you die, will they live forever?” [21:34]

ُ ُْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ َ َ
[14:11 ‫ ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ ﻟ ُ ْﻢ ُر ُﺳﻠ ُ ْﻢ ِإ ْن ﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ ِإﻻ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ ]إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ‬5

“Their prophets said to them, We are no more than a human being

like you,” [14:11]

َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ً ْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َّ َ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
[42:51 ‫ﺎب ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬
ٍ ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺎن ِﻟ ﺸ ٍﺮ أن ﻳ ِﻠﻤﮫ اﻟﻠﮫ ِإﻻ وﺣﻴﺎ أو ِﻣﻦ ور ِاء‬6
“It is not (possible) for a human being that Allah speaks to him,
except by way of revelation, or from behind a curtain,” [42:51]

The last three verses only indicate that prophets are human being.

The Hadiths also Declare that He was Human Being

Here are some Hadiths:

06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 89

ُ ُْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َْ ُ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺻﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ َُْ ﱠ‬

،‫اﻟﺼﻼ ِة ْ ٌء ﻟ َﻨ ﱠﺒﺄﺗﻜ ْﻢ ِﺑ ِﮫ‬ ِ ‫ث‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫"إ‬
ِ ... ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬
َِ
َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬
ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ‬3
ََّ َ َ َ َ َْ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ََ ُ َ
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ ﻓ ِﺈذا ِﺴ ُﺖ ﻓﺬ ِﻛ ُﺮو ِ ﻲ‬،‫ أ َ ﻛ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َﺴ ْﻮن‬،‫َوﻟ ِﻜ ْﻦ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬401 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،70 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻮﺟﮫ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺎن‬،‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬
(1285/572 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،232 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب اﻟﺴ ﻮ اﻟﺼﻼة واﻟ ﻮد ﻟﮫ‬

Narrated `Abdullah: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬prayed Salah …. "If there had

been anything changed in the prayer, surely I would have informed
you but I am a human being like you and liable to forget like you. So
if I forget remind me.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Salah, p 70, No. 401;
Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Masajid, p 232, No. 572/1285)

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫ َأ ْﺧ َ َ ْﺗ ُﮫ َأ ﱠن ُأ ﱠﻣ َ ﺎ ُأ ﱠم َﺳ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ َز ْو َج ﱠ‬،‫ َأ ﱠن َزْ َ َﺐ ﺑ ْ َﺖ ُأ ّم َﺳ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ‬4

َ َ ْ َ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
َ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬،‫ َﻓ َﺨ َﺮ َج إﻟ ْ ْﻢ‬... ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬
َ
‫ ﻓﻠ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ ْﻌﻀﻜ ْﻢ أن َﻳ ﻮن أ ْﺑﻠﻎ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬،‫ﺼ ُﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﺎل "إﻧ َﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ َو ﻧﮫ َﻳﺄﺗﻴ ا‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ َﻓ َﺄ ْﻗ َ َﻟ ُﮫ ﺑ َﺬﻟ َﻚ َﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ َﻗ‬،‫ﺻ َﺪ َق‬
َ‫ﻀ ْ ُﺖ َﻟ ُﮫ ﺑ َﺤ ّﻖ ُﻣ ْﺴﻠﻢ َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ َ ﻗ ْﻄ َﻌ ٌﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ َ ‫ َﻓ َﺄ ْﺣﺴ ُﺐ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬،‫َ ْﻌﺾ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ِ ِ
َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ََْْ ٍ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺑﺎب إﺛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺻﻢ ﺑﺎﻃﻞ و‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻈﺎﻟﻢ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ ﻓﻠﻴﺄﺧﺬ ﺎ أو ﻓﻠﻴ ﻛ ﺎ‬،‫اﻟﻨ ِﺎر‬
(2458 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،396 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻮ ﻌﻠﻤ‬

Hadhrat Um Salama, the wife of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬narrated: … He came

out and said, "I am only a human being, and opponents come to me
(to settle their problems); maybe someone amongst you can present
his case more eloquently than the other, whereby I may consider him
true and give a verdict in his favour. So, If I give the right of a Muslim
to another by mistake, then it is really a portion of (Hell) Fire, he has
the option to take or give up (before the Day of Resurrection). (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Mazalim, p 396, No. 2485)
َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ ُﻳ َﺤ ِّﺪ ُث َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑ ِﻴﮫ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫ﺎل َﻣ َﺮ ْر ُت َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل‬
‫َﱠ ُ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ ﱠ‬
‫ أﻧﮫ ﺳ ِﻤﻊ ﻣﻮ ﺑﻦ ﻃ ﺔ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒﻴ ِﺪ‬،‫ﺎك‬ ْ َ
ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ ِﺳ َﻤ‬5
ِ
َ َ ‫ﺎل "إ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ُ َﻮ َﻇ ﱞﻦ إ ْن‬
‫ﺎن‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻓ َﻘ‬ ‫ َﻓ َﺒ َﻠ َﻎ ﱠ‬... ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻧ ْﺨﻞ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ٍ َِ ِ
ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُْ َ َ َ ُ ُ َْ َ ًْ َ ْ ُ
،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮ ﻮن‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.‫ﻮﻩ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ َو ِ ﱠن اﻟﻈ ﱠﻦ ُﻳﺨ ِﻄ ُﺊ َو ُ ِﺼ ُﺐ‬ ‫ﻐ ِ ﺷ ﺌﺎ ﻓﺎﺻﻨﻌ‬
(2470 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،354 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ اﻟﻨﺨﻞ‬

It was narrated from Simak that the heard Musa bin Talhah bin
`Ubaidullah narrating that his father said: “I passed by some palm
90 | Samarat al-Aqaid

trees with the Messenger of Allah (‫ … )ﷺ‬He said: 'That was only my
thought. If it will do any good, then do it. I am only a human being like
you, and what I think may be right or wrong.” (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-
Ruhoon, p 354, No. 2470)

In these 6 verses and 3 Hadiths, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬himself declared that

he was human being.

This is the reason that he was born in a human race and married
among them, so how he can be noori!

Human Being is Superior to Angels

A human being is superior to angels as well; therefore it is

inappropriate to count him among angels or noori beings.

It is mentioned in Sharh al-Aqayid:

‫ و ﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟ ﺸﺮ‬،‫ و رﺳﻞ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﮑﺔ أﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟ ﺸﺮ‬،‫رﺳﻞ اﻟ ﺸﺮ أﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ رﺳﻞ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﮑﺔ‬
.‫أﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﮑﺔ‬

“The messengers among the human beings are superior to the

messengers among the angels, and the messengers among the
angels are superior to common human being and the common
human being is superior to common angels.” (Sharh al-Aqayid al-
Nasafiya, p 176)

This quotation establishes three points:

(1) The common human being is superior to common angels

(2) The senior most angels (messengers among them) are superior to
common human being
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 91

(3) The messengers among the human beings are superior to the
messengers among the angels

Therefore, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬being a human being best of all

prophets, he is superior to all angels and thus calling a noori person
is actually degrading his status.

The Ahl al-Sunnah Believe that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is the Superior
to All Except Allah

The status of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬among all creatures is as follows:

(1) Sayyidna Muhammad is the Seal of all messengers and

prophets
(2) Then, there is the grade of all messengers
(3) Then, there is the grade of all prophets
(4) Then, there is the grade of all senior angels
(5) Then, there is the grade of common human being
(6) Then, there is the grade of common angels
(7) Then, there is the grade of all creatures

Verses that Call Human Beings Superior to Angels

‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ْ ُْ ُ ُ َ َ ‫َََ ْ ََْ َ ُ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ ﱠﻮ ْرﻧﺎﻛ ْﻢ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻗﻠ َﻨﺎ ِﻟﻠ َﻤﻼ ِﺋﻜ ِﺔ ا ْ ُ ُﺪوا ِﻵ َد َم ﻓ َ َ ُﺪوا ِإﻻ‬ ‫ وﻟﻘﺪ ﺧﻠﻘﻨﺎﻛﻢ ﺛﻢ‬7
[7:11 ‫ﺲ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬َ ‫إ ْﺑ ِﻠ‬
ِ
“We created you, then gave you a shape, then We said to the angels,
Prostrate yourselves before ‘Adam. So, they all prostrated
themselves, except Iblis (Satan).” [7:11]

‫ن‬َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ُ‫َ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ ُ ُﱡ‬

[15:30 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ ﻓ ﺪ اﻟﻤﻼ ِﺋﻜﺔ ﻠ ﻢ أﺟﻤﻌﻮ ]ا‬8

“So the angels prostrated themselves, all together,” [15:30]

92 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ ‫ْ َ َ ُ ُﱡ‬ َ
[38:73 ‫ ﻓ َ َ َﺪ اﻟ َﻤﻼ ِﺋﻜﺔ ﻠ ُ ْﻢ أ ْﺟ َﻤ ُﻌﻮن ]ص‬9

“Then, the angels prostrated themselves, all of them together.”

[38:73]

These three verses from the Qur’an say that all angels prostrated
before a human being, this implied that human being is superior to
angels.
ْ ْ ْ َ َ ََ
[17:70 ‫ َوﻟﻘ ْﺪ ﻛ ﱠﺮ ْﻣ َﻨﺎ َﺑ ِ آ َد َم َو َﺣ َﻤﻠ َﻨﺎ ُ ْﻢ ِ اﻟ َ ّ ِ َواﻟ َﺒ ْﺤ ِﺮ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬10

“And We bestowed dignity on the children of ‘Adam and provided

them with rides on the land and in the sea,” [17:70]
َ ْ ََْ َ َ َ
َ‫ َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َﺧ َﻠ ْﻘﻨﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﻣ ن‬ َ ‫ َو ُﻃﻮر ﺳ ﻨ‬ ‫اﻟﺰْ ُﺘﻮن‬‫اﻟﺘ ن َو ﱠ‬ ّ َ
ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺒ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ا‬‫ﺬ‬ ‫و‬  ‫ن‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َ ِ ‫ و‬11
َ
[95:1-4 ‫ﺎن ِ أ ْﺣ َﺴ ِﻦ ﺗ ْﻘ ِﻮ ٍﻢ ]اﻟﺘ ن‬ َ ‫ْاﻹ ْ َﺴ‬
ِ
“I swear by the Fig and the Olive, and by Tur, the mount of Sinai, and
by this peaceful city, We have created man in the best composition,”
[95:1-4]

In these verses, Allah Almighty took four swears and then said that He
created mankind in the best composition.
َ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ﱠﻠ َ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْاﻟ َﻤ َﻼﺋ َﻜﺔ َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎل أﻧ ِ ُﺌﻮ ِ ﻲ ِﺑﺄ ْﺳ َﻤ ِﺎء‬ ِ ِ ‫ وﻋﻠﻢ آدم اﻷﺳﻤﺎء ﺎ ﺛﻢ ﻋﺮﺿ ﻢ ﻋ‬12
َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ‫َ ُﺆَﻻ ِء إ ْن ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ‬
‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ُﺳ ْﺒ َﺤﺎﻧ َﻚ ﻻ ِﻋﻠ َﻢ ﻟ َﻨﺎ ِإﻻ َﻣﺎ َﻋﻠ ْﻤ َﺘ َﻨﺎ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻚ أ ْﻧ َﺖ‬ ‫ﺻ ِﺎد ِﻗ َن‬ ِ
ُْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﻴﻢ ا َ ِﻜ‬ ْ ُ ‫ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻠ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻳﺎ آدم أﻧ ِﺒ ﻢ ِﺑﺄﺳﻤﺎ ِ ِ ﻢ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ أﻧﺒﺄ ﻢ ِﺑﺄﺳﻤﺎ ِ ِ ﻢ ﻗﺎل أﻟﻢ أﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻴﻢ‬
َ َ َْ َ َ َ ‫َ ُ ْ ّ َ َْ ُ َْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ض َوأ ْﻋﻠ ُﻢ َﻣﺎ ُﺗ ْﺒ ُﺪو َن َو َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ َﺗ ْﻜ ُﺘ ُﻤﻮ َن‬ ْ ‫اﻷ‬
ِ ‫ات و‬
‫ر‬ ِ ‫ﻟﻜﻢ ِإ ِ ﻲ أﻋﻠﻢ ﻏﻴﺐ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬
[2:31-33 ‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 93

“And He taught ‘Adam the names, all of them; then presented them
before the angels, and said, .Tell me their names, if you are right. They
said, To You belongs all purity! We have no knowledge except what
You have given us. Surely, You alone are the All-knowing, All-wise. He
said, O ‘Adam, tell them the names of all these. When he told them
their names, Allah said, Did I not tell you that I know the secrets of
the skies and of the earth, and that I know what you disclose and what
you conceal.” [2:31-33]

So the last six verses reveal that common human being is superior to
common angels; therefore human being is called ‘Ashraf al-
Makhlooqat’i.e. superior creature.

The messengers among mankind is superior to messengers among

the angels; because the most superior angel i.e. Jibraeel (peace be
upon him) used to bring revelations and divine messages to the
human prophets; this proved that the human prophets were superior
to the senior most angels.

In the night of Me’raj, Hadhrat Jibraeel (peace be upon him) took the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to the heavens as attendant, this also proves that he was
superior to the angels.

‫ ﻓﺎﻧﻄﻠﻖ ﻲ ﺟ ﯾﻞ ﺣ أ ﯽ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء اﻟﺪﻧﯿﺎ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻔﺘﺢ ․․․․ﺛﻢ رﻓﻊ‬... ‫ ﻣﻀﻄﺠﻌﺎ إذ أﺗﺎ ﻲ آت‬6

‫ رﻗﻢ‬،652 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﻌﺮاج‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ اﻷﻧﺼﺎر‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬. ‫ ا‬،‫اﻟﺒ ﺖ اﻟﻤﻌﻤﻮر‬
(3887

“I was asleep in Hatim ... Gabriel (peace be upon him) took me with
him, until he brought me to this heaven of the world, and asked the
door to be opened ... Then he took me to al-Bait al-Ma'mour. (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab Manaqib Al-Ansar, Bab Al-Mi’raj, p. 652, No. 3887)

This Hadith establishes that Hadhrat Jibraeel (peace be upon him)

took the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in the night of Me’raj to the heavens as
attendant, thus it implied that he was superior to all the angels.
94 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ ٌ ََ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ََ ْ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو َﺧ َﺎﺗ َﻢ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ِّﻴ َن‬ ِ ‫ ﻣﺎ ﺎن ﻣﺤﻤﺪ أﺑﺎ أﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣﻦ ِرﺟ ِﺎﻟﻜﻢ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ رﺳﻮل‬13
[33:40 ‫]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬

“Muhammad is not a father of any of your men, but he is a messenger

of Allah and the last of the prophets.” [33:40]

All these 7 verses and one Hadith establish that human being is
superior to the angels and the Prophet Muhammad (‫ )ﷺ‬is superior to
all.

Hindus Believe that their Gods and Goddesses Get Incarnation

of Supreme God

Hindus believe that the Supreme God is appears in the shape of gods
and goddesses times and again even till this day; therefore they
worship these gods and goddesses, prostrate before them, present
offerings to them and call them for their needs.

To get Muslims have no doubt that Allah appeared in the form of the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and he is a part of Allah’s noor (Light); therefore Allah
Almighty asked the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to declare: I am a human being,
among mankind, I am not a noori person, Allah did not appear in my
form; therefore neither worship me, nor call me in your needs, I also
pray Allah in my needs, so you should also do so. The Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
was sent down by Allah to propagate these teachings and this is the
message of Islam.

Verses and Hadiths that Create a Doubt that the Prophet was
a Noori Person

َ‫ َﻳﺎ َأ ْ َﻞ ْاﻟﻜ َﺘﺎب َﻗ ْﺪ َﺟ َﺎء ُﻛ ْﻢ َر ُﺳ ُﻮﻟ َﻨﺎ ُﻳ َﺒ ّ ُن َﻟ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻛﺜ ً ا ﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ ُﺗ ْﺨ ُﻔﻮ َن ﻣﻦ‬14
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬
‫( َ ْ ِﺪي ِﺑ ِﮫ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻣ ِﻦ‬15) ‫ﺎب ُﻣ ِﺒ ٌن‬ٌ ‫ْاﻟ ِﻜ َﺘﺎب َو َ ْﻌ ُﻔﻮ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻛ ِﺜ ﻗ ْﺪ َﺟ َﺎءﻛ ْﻢ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ُﻧﻮ ٌر َو ِﻛ َﺘ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ
ٍ ِ
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 95

َ َ ْ ََْ ْ ‫ﱠََ ْ َ َ ُ ُ ُ َ ﱠَ َُ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﻈ ُﻠ َﻤﺎت إ َ ﱡ‬
‫اط‬‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ‫ذ‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻮر‬‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ِ ‫اﺗﺒﻊ ِرﺿﻮاﻧﮫ ﺳﺒﻞ اﻟﺴﻼ ِم و ﺨ ِﺮﺟ ﻢ ِﻣﻦ‬
[5:15-16 ‫ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻘ ٍﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“O people of the Book, there has come to you Our Messenger

disclosing to you much of what you have been concealing of the Book,
while He overlooks much. There has come to you, from Allah, a Light
and a clear Book; with it Allah guides those who follow His pleasure
to the pathways of peace, and brings them out, by His will, from the
depths of darkness into the light, and guides them to a straight path.”
[5:15-16]

In this verse ‘Light’ (noor) means the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as noor was explain
in Tafseer Jalalain with ‘the Prophet (‫ ’)ﷺ‬that means noor implies for
him.

While, it is mentioned in the Tafseer Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased

with him) that he explained noor as rasool then said i.e. Muhammad,
it means that his risalat (messengership) is noor, not his self, and how
it can be whereas he was asked declare in several verses to be a
human being.

Similarly, the next noor in the following verse unanimously means

iman. It is mentioned in the Tafseer:

“Allah brings them out, by His will, from the depths of darkness into
the light i.e. from kufr to iman (disbelief to belief).” (Tanweer al-
Miqyas min Tafseer Ibn Abbas, p 119, Surah al-Mayida 5:15-16)

The third evidence is that this verse starts with the words “O people
of the Book, there has come to you Our Messenger”, this also
establishes that ‘the Messenger’ has come to you, and noor here
means the risalat (messengership) of Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬.
96 | Samarat al-Aqaid

There is no doubt that the religion brought by the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬,

similarly his prophethood and his guidance is a noor which is brighter
than the sun and the moon.

Some commentators of the Qur’an have explained it with

‘Muhammad (‫ ’)ﷺ‬thus some scholars misunderstand it as the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬himself is noor, but the Tafseer of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased
with him) mentions the correct meaning of noor; otherwise it will
contradict several other verses of the Qur’an (in which the Prophet -
‫ ﷺ‬- was called human being).

The word ‘noor’ in the Qur’an has different meanings such as: light of
prophethood, Qur’an and guidance; therefore it is difficult to prove
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as noor with an ambiguous word.

Now you can see how baseless is prove the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as noor with
this verse.

Some people have tried to prove the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as noor with this
verse as well:

ْ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ إ ﱠﻧﺎ َأ ْ َﺳ ْﻠ َﻨ‬

َ ‫ َو‬ ‫ﺎك َﺷﺎ ًﺪا َو ُﻣ َ ّﺸ ًﺮا َو َﻧﺬ ًﻳﺮا‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫اﻋ ًﻴﺎ ِإ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِﻧ ِﮫ‬
ِ ‫د‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِ ِ ر‬ ‫ﺎ‬ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫أ‬ 15
[33:45-46 ‫اﺟﺎ ُﻣ ِﻨ ً ا ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬ ً ‫َوﺳ َﺮ‬
ِ

“O prophet, We have sent you as a witness and as a bearer of good

news and a warner, and as the one who calls (people) towards Allah
with His permission, and as a luminous light.” [33:45-46)

Sayyidna Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)

explained the word ‘Siraja Muneer’ (luminous light) in the verse as a
light which is followed by people i.e. the guidance and prophethood
of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. (See Tanweer al-Miqyas min Tafseer Ibn Abbas, p
446, Surah al-Ahzab 33:46)
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 97

The word ‘siraj’ in this verse does not mean lamp, rather the light of
his prophethood.

Noor was Used in the Qur’an for Five Meanings

The word ‘noor’ was used in the Qur’an for five meanings; sometimes
it means Qur’an, at some places it means prophethood, sometimes
iman (faith), sometimes ‘divine rulings’ while sometimes it means
‘religion’. Therefore, the word ‘noor’ in the verse 15 of Surah al-
Mayida (5:15) does not necessarily mean the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, it may
imply his prophethood even as we have quoted from Tafseer Ibn
Abbas. However, if we mean the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬it will go against the 12
verses mentioned above in which the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was categorically
asked to declare he was a human being.

1. ‘Noor’ Means ‘the Quran’ in These Two Verses

َ‫َ ﱠ َ ُ ﱡ َ ﱠ ُ ْ َل َ َ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ْ ُ ْ ُ ن‬
[7:157‫ واﺗﺒﻌﻮا اﻟﻨﻮر اﻟ ِﺬي أﻧ ِﺰ ﻣﻌﮫ أوﻟ ِﺌﻚ ﻢ اﻟﻤﻔ ِ ﻮ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬16

“…and follow the light sent down with him, those are the ones who
are successful.” [7:157]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ here means ‘the
Qur’an’. (See: 7:157)

ً ‫ﺎن َو َﻟ ِﻜ ْﻦ َﺟ َﻌ ْﻠ َﻨ ُﺎﻩ ُﻧ‬

[42:52 ‫ﻮرا ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬ ُ ‫ﺎب َوَﻻ ْاﻹ َﻳﻤ‬
ُ ‫ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ َﺗ ْﺪري َﻣﺎ ْاﻟ ِﻜ َﺘ‬17
ِ ِ
“You did not know earlier what was the Book or what was Iman (true
faith), but We have made it (the Qur‘an) a light…” [42:52]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ here means ‘the
Qur’an’. (See: 7:157)
98 | Samarat al-Aqaid

2. ‘Noor’ Means ‘Iman’ in These Two Verses

َ ْ ََْ ْ ‫اﻟﻈ ُﻠ َﻤﺎت إ َ ﱡ‬
‫َُ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ ﱡ‬
‫اط ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻘ ٍﻴﻢ‬‫ﺮ‬َ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻧ‬
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ‫ذ‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻮر‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ِ ‫ و ﺨ ِﺮﺟ ﻢ ِﻣﻦ‬18
[5:16 ‫]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“Allah brings them out, by His will, from the depths of darkness into
the light, and guides them to a straight path.” [5:16]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ here means ‘Iman’
(faith), while ‘darkness’ means ‘disbelief’. (See: 5:16)
‫ُ َ ﱠ ُ َّ ََْ ُ ْ َ ََ َ ُ ُ ُ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﻈ ُﻠ َﻤﺎت إ َ ﱡ‬
َ َ ‫اﻟﻨﻮر َو‬
‫ﺎن‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻮ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻳﺼ ِ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ وﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜﺘﮫ ِﻟﻴﺨ ِﺮﺟﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ‬19
ْ ْ
[33:43 ‫ِﺑﺎﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن َر ِﺣ ًﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬

“He is such that He and His angels send blessings to you, so that He
brings you out from all sorts of darkness into Light; and He is Very-
Merciful to the believers.” [33:43]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ here means ‘Iman’
(faith) and the word ‘dhulumat’ (darkness) means ‘disbelief’. (See:
33:43)

3. ‘Noor’ Means ‘Rulings’ in This Verse

ٌ ُ َ ً ُ َ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ َْ َْ َ ﱠ‬
[5:44 ‫ ِإﻧﺎ أﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎ اﻟﺘﻮراة ِﻓ ﺎ ﺪى وﻧﻮر ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬20

“Surely We have sent down the Torah, in which there was guidance
and light…” [5:44]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ here means ‘rulings’
mentioned in Torah. (See: 5:44)
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 99

4. ‘Noor’ Means ‘Religion’ in These Verses

َ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ إ ﱠﻻ َأ ْن ُﻳ ِﺘ ﱠﻢ ُﻧ‬
َ‫ﻮر ُﻩ َو َﻟ ْﻮ َﻛﺮﻩ‬ ‫ُ ُ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ ُ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ ْ َََْ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ‫ ﻳ ِﺮ ﺪون أن ﻳﻄ ِﻔﺌﻮا ﻧﻮر اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﺑﺄﻓﻮا ِ ِ ﻢ و ﺄ ﻰ‬21
َْ
[9:32 ‫اﻟ ﺎ ِﻓ ُﺮو َن ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬

“They wish to blow out the Light of Allah with their mouths, and Allah
rejects everything short of making His light perfect, no matter how
the disbelievers may hate it.” [9:32]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ here means ‘the
religion of Islam’. (See p 202, Surah al-Taubah 9:32)

َْ َ َ ُ ‫ُ ُ َن ُ ْ ُ ُ َر ﱠ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ُ ُ ﱡ‬
‫ﻮر ِﻩ َوﻟ ْﻮ ﻛ ِﺮ َﻩ اﻟ ِﺎﻓ ُﺮو َن‬
ِ ‫ ﻳ ِﺮ ﺪو ِﻟﻴﻄ ِﻔﺌﻮا ﻧﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﺑﺄﻓﻮا ِ ِ ﻢ واﻟﻠﮫ ﻣ ِﺘﻢ‬22
‫ﻧ‬
[61:8 ‫]اﻟﺼﻒ‬

“They wish to extinguish the light of Allah with their mouths, but Allah
is to perfect His light, even though the disbelievers dislike (it).” [61:8]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ in this verse means
‘the religion of Islam’ or ‘the Qur’an’. (See: 61:8)

5. ‘Noor’ Means ‘the Prophethood’ of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

‫َْ َ َُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ُﻧﻮ ٌر َو ِﻛ َﺘ‬
[5:15 ‫ﺎب ُﻣ ِﺒ ٌن ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ‫ ﻗﺪ ﺟﺎءﻛﻢ ِﻣﻦ‬23

“...There has come to you, from Allah, a Light and a clear Book.” [5:15]

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘noor’ in this verse means
‘the prophethood of the Prophet (‫ ’)ﷺ‬as he explained the word ‘noor’
as ‘rasool’ that means the prophethood is light, not the Prophet
himself. (See 5:15)
100 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The word ‘noor’ is used in the Qur’an in five meanings, so explaining

the word in the verse (5:15) as the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬himself will contradict
with the 16 verses of the Qur’an.

Thus, it should be explained in a way that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was a

human being himself, but he was fully adorned with the qualities of
the iman, prophethood, the Qur’an, the religion and divine teachings;
therefore he was noor as per his attributes.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Should not be Called ‘Human Being’ in

Disrespect

The prophets are human being, but calling them human being like
ourselves and equating them with ourselves in receiving divine
revelation and hence rejecting their advice and refusing to believe in
their call is disrespect and disbelief, as it is mentioned in the Qur’an:

َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ََ َْ َُْ ٌ َ َ ‫َ َْ َ ﱠ‬
[26:154 ‫ ﻣﺎ أﻧﺖ ِإﻻ ﺸﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻨﺎ ﻓﺄ ِت ِﺑﺂﻳ ٍﺔ ِإن ﻛﻨﺖ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺼ ِﺎد ِﻗ ن ]اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء‬24

“You are nothing but a human like us. So, bring a sign if you are one
of the truthful.” [26:154]

َ َ ْ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َْ َ ﱠ َ َ ٌ َُْ َ ْ َ ُﱡ‬
[26:186 ‫ وﻣﺎ أﻧﺖ ِإﻻ ﺸﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻨﺎ و ِ ن ﻧﻈﻨﻚ ﻟ ِﻤﻦ اﻟ ِﺎذ ِﺑ ن ]اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء‬25

“You are no more than a human like us, and in fact we consider you
to be one of the liars.” [26:186]

َ ‫اك إ ﱠﻻ َ َﺸ ًﺮا ﻣ ْﺜ َﻠ َﻨﺎ َو َﻣﺎ َﻧ َﺮ‬

‫اك ﱠاﺗ َﺒ َﻌ َﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻳﻦ َﻛ َﻔ ُﺮوا ﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﻮﻣﮫ َﻣﺎ َﻧ َﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺎل ْاﻟ َﻤ َ ُﻸ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬
َ ‫ﻘ‬
َ ‫َﻓ‬
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ 26
َ‫ﻀﻞ َﺑ ْﻞ َﻧ ُﻈ ﱡﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َ ﺎذﺑ ن‬ ْ ‫اﻟﺮْأي َو َﻣﺎ َﻧ َﺮى َﻟ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻓ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ُ ََ ْ ُ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
ِِ ٍ ِ ِ ‫ِإﻻ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻢ أر ِاذﻟﻨﺎ ﺑ ِﺎدي‬
[11:27 ‫] ﻮد‬
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 101

“So the chiefs of his people who disbelieved replied, We are not
seeing that you are anything more than a man like us, … rather, we
believe that you are liars.” [11:27]

In these verses, the disbelievers called the prophets as human being

like themselves and thus they rejected their prophethood and refused
to follow them, so this was disbelief to them which must be avoided.

Hadith of Noor is not Established

Some people present a Hadith from Musannaf Abdur Razzaq to prove

that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was noor, while some quote this Hadith from
Dalayil al-Nubuwwa of al-Baihaqi and Mustadrak of Hakim, but I could
not find the Hadith in these books even after much effort by exploring
al-Maktaba al-Shamila. Many scholars of the past ages have regarded
this Hadith as ‘maudhu’ fabricated. It is obvious that a fabricated
Hadith can no way stand before the verses of the Qur’an. Therefore,
it cannot be presented to prove that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was noor.

The Hadith is as follows:

“Abdur Razzaq narrated with his chain from Jabir bin Abdullah, he
said: I said, O Messenger of Allah! My parents are sacrificed, please
tell me the first thing Allah created before everything. He replied, O
Jabir! Indeed Allah created the noor of your Prophet out of His own
noor…” (Al-Mawahib al-Ladunya by al-Qustalani, d. 923 AH, vol. 1, p.
48)

This Hadith was mentioned by al-Qustalani (d. 923 AH) in his book al-
Mawahib al-Ladunya, but I may not accept this Hadith as al-Qustalani
is from 10th Hijra century and in this book I quote only Hadith from
the age of Tab’ Tabi’in or from the Six most authentic books of Hadith
or from their seniors, since their narrations are authentic, while al-
Qustalani is from later period and this Hadith is not present in the
books of early ages (Tabi’in and Tab’ Tabi’in), so such a Hadith can not
102 | Samarat al-Aqaid

be accepted. This Hadith contradicts 12 verses from the Qur’an and 3

Hadiths, therefore this Hadith can never be accepted to prove a belief.

Moreover, on the contrary, there is another Hadith which says that

Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬first created ‘pen’. The Hadith as follows:

َ ‫ﺎل َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َأ ﻲ َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل‬ َ ‫اﻟﺼ ِﺎﻣ ِﺖ َﻗ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ ْﺑ َﻦ ُﻋ َﺒ َﺎد َة ْﺑﻦ ﱠ‬ ِ
ُ ‫ َﻟﻘ‬... ‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ْاﻟ َﻮاﺣﺪ ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﺳ َﻠ ْﻴﻢ‬7
َ ‫ﻴﺖ ْاﻟ َﻮﻟ‬
ِ ِ ِ
ِ ِ ِ ٍ
َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫َ ْ ُ َُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻟﮫ اﻛﺘ ْﺐ ﻓ َﺠ َﺮى‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳﻘﻮ ُل "إن أ ﱠو َل َﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻖ اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟﻘﻠ َﻢ ﻓﻘ‬
ِ ‫ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل‬
َ َ َ
،757 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب وﻣﻦ ﺳﻮرة ن واﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺗﻔﺴ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬."‫ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ُ َﻮ ﺎ ِﺋ ٌﻦ ِإ اﻷ َﺑ ِﺪ‬
(3319 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Abdul-Wahid bin Sulaim said: … “I met Al-Walid bin Ubadah bin As-
Samit and he said, my father narrated to me, he said: ‘I heard the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬saying: “Verily the first of what Allah created
was the Pen. He said to it: “Write” so it wrote what will be forever.’”
(Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab Tafsir al-Quran, p 757, No. 3319)

This Hadith contradicts the above-mentioned Hadith of noor.

Similarly, the following verse also indicates that pen was created first:

َ ُ ُ ْ َ ََ ََْ َ
‫و‬
[68:1 ‫ ن واﻟﻘﻠ ِﻢ وﻣﺎ ﺴﻄﺮ ن ]اﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬26

“Nun, by the pen and what they write,” [68:1]

So, these 12 verses and 3 Hadiths have categorically established that

the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was a human being; there is no solid proof from the
Qur’an and Hadith that prove that he was noor. This is a belief and
thus it may not be proved by fabricated Hadith or ambiguous tafseer
of some commentators. You should thoroughly contemplate the
research I presented.
06 - The Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is Human Being, but Superior to All | 103

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Himself Forbade to Exaggerate About Himself

The Christians exaggerated about the Prophet Isa (peace be upon

him) and finally regarded him as God’s son out of respect, but this was
wrong and the Qur’an disregarded it as unjust and exaggeration.
ْ ‫ُ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ُْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ
‫ﺎب ﻻ ﻐﻠﻮا ِ ِدﻳ ِﻨﻜ ْﻢ َوﻻ ﺗ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮا َﻋ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإﻻ ا َ ﱠﻖ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬
ِ ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬27
[4:171

“O people of the Book, be not excessive in your Faith, and do not say
about Allah anything but the truth.” [4:171]
ْ َ ُ ُْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ
[5:77 ‫ﺎب ﻻ ﻐﻠﻮا ِ ِد ِﻳﻨﻜ ْﻢ ﻏ ْ َ ا َ ِ ّﻖ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬
ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬28
“Say, O people of the Book, be not excessive in your religion
unjustly,” [5:77]

Therefore, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬also instructed his followers not to be

exaggerate about him. Therefore, when the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is a human
being, he should be believed to be so and this is his respect. The
Hadith is as follows:

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻋ َ ْاﻟﻤ ْﻨ َ َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬8
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
‫َ ُ ُ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ َ َْ َ َ ﱠ َ ََ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
ُ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو َر ُﺳ ُﻮﻟﮫ‬
ِ ‫ ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮا ﻋﺒﺪ‬،‫ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‬،‫وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮل " ﻻ ﺗﻄﺮو ِ ﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ أﻃﺮ ِت اﻟﻨﺼﺎرى اﺑﻦ ﻣﺮ ﻢ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﴿واذﮐﺮ اﻟﮑﺘﺎب ﻣﺮ ﻢ اذ اﻧ ﺒﺬت‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب أﺣﺎدﯾﺚ اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."
(3445 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،580 ‫ ص‬،16:19 ‫ﻣﻦ ا ﻠ ﺎ‬

Hadhrat `Umar (raz) narrates: I heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying, "Do not
exaggerate in praising me as the Christians praised the son of Mary,
for I am only a Slave. So, call me the Slave of Allah and His Apostle."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Hadiths of the Prophets, p 580, No 3445)

So, these were total 28 verses from the Qur’an and 8 Hadiths.
 | 104

07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive

in Grave
His Life in Grave is Better than this World and His Holy Body is
Completely Safe

We shall quote 11 verses from the Qur’an and 20 Hadiths regarding

this belief. The details are as follows:

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is alive is his grave with a barzakhi (transitional) life
which is better than this world and his body is uneaten by the earth
and completely safe and secure.

There are several Hadiths with establish this belief:

ْ َ َ َ‫ﱠ‬ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ َْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬ َ
‫اﻟﺼﻼة َﻋ ﱠ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ا ُ ُﻤ َﻌ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ أﻛ ِ ُ وا‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ اﻟﺪرد ِاء ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬1
‫ﺎل‬َ ‫ﺻ َﻼ ُﺗ ُﮫ َﺣ ﱠ َﻳ ْﻔ ُﺮ َغ ِﻣ ْ َ ﺎ َﻗ‬
َ ‫ﺿ ْﺖ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺼ ّ َ َﻋ َ ﱠ إ ﱠﻻ ُﻋﺮ‬َ ‫ﻮد َ ْﺸ َ ُﺪ ُﻩ ْاﻟ َﻤ َﻼﺋ َﻜ ُﺔ َو ﱠن َأ َﺣ ًﺪا َﻟ ْﻦ ُﻳ‬ٌ ُ ‫َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﺸ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ْ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل َو ْﻌﺪ اﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ِت إن اﻟﻠﮫ َﺣ ﱠﺮ َم ﻋ اﻷ ْرض أن ﺗﺄ َﻞ أ ْﺟ َﺴﺎد اﻷﻧ َﻴﺎ ِء ﻓﻨ ﱡ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َ ﱞ‬‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ْ
َ ‫ُﻗﻠﺖ َو ْﻌﺪ اﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ِت ﻗ‬
َ َ ُ ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ
(1637 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،234 ‫ ص‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﮫ ﺑﺎب ذﻛﺮ ووﻓﺎﺗﮫ ودﻓﻨﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬.‫ُﻳ ْﺮز ُق‬
َ

Hadhrat Abud Darda’ (raz) reported Allah’s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying,

“Invoke many blessings on me on Friday for it is witnessed. The angels
are present on it, and no one will invoke a blessing on me without his
blessing being submitted to me till he stops." He said that he asked
whether that applied also after his death, and he replied, “God has
prohibited the earth from consuming the bodies of the prophets;" so
God’s prophet is alive and given provision. (Sunan Ibn Majah, p 234,
Hadith No. 1637)
07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 105

The Hadith discusses three points: first, the bodies of prophets are
uneaten by the earth in grave. Second, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is alive in his
grave and he is presented sustenance therein. Third, the salutations
of the Muslims is presented before the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in his grave.
ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ ‫َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُل ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻀ ِﻞ أ ﱠﻳ ِﺎﻣﻜ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ا ُ ُﻤ َﻌ ِﺔ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أو ِس ﺑ ِﻦ أو ٍس ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِإن ِﻣﻦ أﻓ‬2
َ ‫ﺻ َﻼ َﺗ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﺮو‬
‫ﺿ ٌﺔ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺼ َﻼة ﻓﻴﮫ َﻓﺈ ﱠن‬
‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫اﻟﺼ ْﻌ َﻘ ُﺔ َﻓ َﺄ ْﻛ ُ وا َﻋ َ ﱠ ﻣ‬
‫ﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ْﻔ َﺨ ُﺔ َو ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓﻴﮫ ُﺧﻠ َﻖ َآد ُم َوﻓﻴﮫ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ََ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ُ ٌ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ََ َُ ََْ َ َ َ ْ ََْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل رﺟﻞ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻌﺮض ﺻﻼﺗﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ وﻗﺪ أرﻣﺖ ﻌ ِ ﺑ ِﻠﻴﺖ ﻓﻘﺎل ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﺣﺮم ﻋ‬
َْ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ َْ ْ
(1085 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،152 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﮫ‬.‫ض أ ْن ﺗﺄ َﻞ أ ْﺟ َﺴ َﺎد اﻷﻧ ِ َﻴ ِﺎء‬ ِ ‫اﻷر‬

Hadhrat Aws bin Aws (raz) narrated: “The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
‘The best of your days is Friday. On it Adam was created, on it the
Trumpet will be blown, on it all creatures will swoon. So send a great
deal of peace and blessings upon me on that day, for your peace and
blessings will be presented to me.’ A man said: ‘O Messenger of Allah,
how will our peace and blessings be shown to you when you will have
disintegrated?’ He said: ‘Allah has forbidden the earth to consume the
bodies of the Prophets.’” (Sunan Ibn Majah, p 152, Hadith No. 1085)

The Hadith mentions two points: the salutations of the believers are
presented before the prophets in their graves. Second, the bodies of
prophets are uneaten by the earth in grave.

. ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل ﻣﻦ ﺻ ﻋ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗ ي ﺳﻤﻌﺘ و ﻣﻦ ﺻ ﻋ ﻧﺎﺋﯿﺎ أﺑﻠﻐﺘ‬3

(1583 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،218 ‫ ص‬،2 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻌﻈﯿﻢ اﻟﻨ ﷺ و إﺟﻼﻟ و ﺗﻮﻗ ە‬،‫)اﻟﺒﯿ ﻘﻲ ﺷﻌﺐ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah (raz) that the

Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Whoever hears recites salutations on me near my
grave, I hear him, and he who sends salutation from afar, it is
delivered to me. (Bayhaqi fi Shu’ab al-Iman, Bab fi Ta’zeem al-Nabi,
vol. II, p. 218, Hadith No. 1583).
106 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬says in the Hadith that he hears the salutations if it is

presented near his grave and if recited from a distance then it is
presented before him.

‫ و وﻓﺎ ﻲ ﺧ ﻟﮑﻢ ﻌﺮض ﻋ‬،‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﺣﯿﺎ ﻲ ﺧ ﻟﮑﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﺛﻮن و ﻧﺤﺪث ﻟﮑﻢ‬4
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ اﻟ ار‬.‫أﻋﻤﺎﻟﮑﻢ ﻓﻤﺎ رأﯾﺖ ﺧ ا ﺣﻤﺪت اﻟﻠ و ﻣﺎ رأﯾﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮ اﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮت اﻟﻠ ﻟﮑﻢ‬
(308 ‫ ص‬،5 ‫ ج‬، ‫زاذان ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ‬

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “My life is better for you that you speak and I
speak to you, and my death is better for you, that your deeds are
presented to me, when I see a good thing in it, I give thanks to Allah,
and when I see a bad thing, I ask forgiveness for you.” (Musnad al-
Bazar, Bab Zazan an Abdullah, vol. 5, p. 308)

The Hadith establishes that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is alive in his grave and
the good deeds of the Muslims are presented before him. This Hadith
proves that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is not Hazir and Nazir (omnipresent and
omniscient), otherwise there was no need to present the good deeds.
َْ َ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ ََ َ ً َ ﱠ‬
ْ ‫اﻷ‬
‫ض‬ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِإن ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜﺔ ﺳﻴ‬5
ِ ‫ﺎﺣ ن‬
َ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُّ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،179 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟ ﺴﻠﯿﻢ ﻋ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴ ﻮ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﻲ‬.‫اﻟﺴﻼ َم‬ ‫ُﻳ َﺒ ِﻠﻐﻮ ِ ﻲ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ﱠ ِﻣ‬
(1283

It was narrated that Hadhrat Abdullah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: The Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬has angels who travel around on Earth
conveying to me the Salams of my Ummah." (Sunan al-Nasai, Bab al-
Talseem ala al-Nabi ‫ﷺ‬, p. 179, p. 1283)

The Hadith says that the salutations of people are conveyed to the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
‫َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ ََ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ّ ُ ََ ﱠ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺎ ِﻣﻦ أﺣ ٍﺪ ﺴ ِﻠﻢ ﻋ ِإﻻ رد‬6
َ ‫َ ﱠ َُﱠ ََْ ﱠ‬
(2041 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،295 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫ )ﺳ ن أ ﻲ داود‬.‫اﻟﺴﻼ َم‬ ‫ُرو ِ ﺣ أرد ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ‬
07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 107

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: If any
one of you greets me, Allah returns my soul to me and I respond to
the greeting.” (Sunan Abi Dawud, Bab Ziyarat al-Quboor, p. 295, No.
2041)

This Hadith says that his soul is returned to his body to respond to
salam (salutations).
ََ ُ َْ َ ‫َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ََْ ُ َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ ََ ْ َ
‫اب ﻣﺮرت ﻋ‬ٍ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻳ‬‫و‬‫ر‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫أ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺳ‬‫و‬ ‫ﮫ‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﮫ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ل‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ن‬‫أ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ٍ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬7
‫ﺎﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
َ َّ ُ ٌ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َْ ُ ََ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺼ ِ ِ ﻗ ْ ِ ِﻩ‬ ‫ُﻣﻮ َ ﻟ ْﻴﻠﺔ أ ْﺳ ِﺮ َي ِ ﻲ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ اﻟﻜ ِﺜ ِﺐ اﻷﺣﻤ ِﺮ و ﻮ ﻗﺎ ِﺋﻢ ﻳ‬
(6157/2375 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1044 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻣﻮ ﻋﻠﯿ اﻟﺴﻼم‬

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) reported Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as

saying: I came. And in the narration transmitted on the authority of
Haddab (the words are): “I happened to pass by Moses on the
occasion of the Night journey near the red mound (and found him)
performing his prayer in his grave.” (Sahih Muslim, Bab Fadh Musa
(pbuh), p. 1044, No. 2375/6157)

This Hadith mentions that the Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) was
offering salah in his grave, this means he was alive in the grave.

Martyrs are Alive, then Prophets are Also Alive as they are
Superior to Martyrs
ْ َ َ َ َ ٌ ََْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ
‫ات َﺑ ْﻞ أ ْﺣ َﻴ ٌﺎء َوﻟ ِﻜ ْﻦ ﻻ ﺸ ُﻌ ُﺮو َن‬‫ َوﻻ ﺗ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮا ِﻟ َﻤ ْﻦ ُﻳ ْﻘ َﺘ ُﻞ ِ َﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﻣﻮ‬1
[2:154 ‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“Do not say of those who are slain in the way of Allah that they are
dead. Instead, they are alive, but you do not perceive.” [2:154]

This verses mentions that the martyrs are alive, but you cannot
perceive their nature of life, this implies that this life is barzakhi i.e.
108 | Samarat al-Aqaid

transitional, after death and before resurrection. We should not go

deeper in discussing the nature of their life as we may not perceive it.

َ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َّ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ َ ْ َ ً َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ َ ‫ََ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
 ‫ﻳﻦ ﻗ ِﺘﻠﻮا ِ َﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﻣﻮاﺗﺎ ﺑﻞ أﺣﻴﺎء ِﻋﻨﺪ ِر ِ ﻢ ﻳﺮزﻗﻮ‬
‫ن‬ ‫ وﻻ ﺗﺤﺴ ن اﻟ ِﺬ‬2
َ‫ْ ْ َ ْ ْ ﱠ‬ ُ َ َْ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ََ ُ ُ ﱠ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓ ِﺮ ِﺣ ن ِﺑﻤﺎ آﺗﺎ ﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ِﻣﻦ ﻓﻀ ِﻠ ِﮫ و ﺴﺘ ِﺸﺮون ِﺑﺎﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳ ﻘﻮا ِ ِ ﻢ ِﻣﻦ ﺧﻠ ِﻔ ِ ﻢ أﻻ‬
َ ‫َ ْ َْ ُ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ٌ َ
‫ﻀ ٍﻞ َوأ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ ﻻ ُﻳ ِﻀ ُﻴﻊ‬ ‫ ﺴﺘ ِﺸﺮون ِﺑ ِﻨﻌﻤ ٍﺔ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻓ‬ ‫ﺧ ْﻮف َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ َوﻻ ُ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺤ َﺰُﻧﻮن‬
َ ُْْ َْ َ
[3:169-171 ‫أﺟﺮ اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“Never take those killed in the way of Allah as dead. Rather, they are
alive with their Lord, well-provided, happy with what Allah has given
them of His grace; and they feel pleased with the good news, about
those left behind them who could not join them, that there shall be
no fear for them nor shall they grieve. They feel pleased with blessing
from Allah, and grace, and with the fact that Allah would not let the
reward of the believers be lost.” [3:169-171]

This verses says that the martyrs are alive and they are given
provisions. The prophets are superior to martyrs, so they also must
be alive and well-provided in their graves.

ً َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َْ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ ْ َ ََ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﻗ ِﺘﻠﻮا ِ َﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أ ْﻣ َﻮاﺗﺎ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺮو ٍق ﻗﺎل ﺳﺄﻟﻨﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻋﻦ ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻵﻳ ِﺔ }وﻻ ﺗﺤﺴ ن اﻟ ِﺬ‬8
ََ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ ْ َ َ ّ ْ ُ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺑﻞ أﺣﻴﺎء ِﻋﻨﺪ رِ ِﻬﻢ ﻳﺮزﻗﻮن{ ﻗﺎل أﻣﺎ ِإﻧﺎ ﻗﺪ ﺳﺄﻟﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺎل أرواﺣﻬﻢ ِ ﺟﻮ ِف ﻃ ٍ ﺧﻀ ٍﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ‬
ْ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ٌ ‫ََ ُ ﱠ‬
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﻳﻞ ُﻣ َﻌﻠ َﻘﺔ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻌ ْﺮ ِش ْﺴ َﺮ ُح ِﻣ ْﻦ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َﺣ ْﻴﺚ ﺷ َﺎء ْت ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﺗﺄ ِوي ِإ ِﺗﻠ َﻚ اﻟ َﻘ َﻨ ِﺎد ِﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻨ ِﺎد‬
(4885/1887 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،845 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﺑﯿﺎن أن أرواح اﻟﺸ ﺪاء ا ﻨﺔ و أﻧ ﻢ أﺣﯿﺎء ﻋﻨﺪ ر ﻢ ﯾﺮزﻗﻮن‬

It has been narrated on the authority of Masruq Who said: We asked

'Abdullah about the Qur'anic verse: "Think not of those who are slain
in Allah's way as dead. Nay, they are alive, finding their sustenance in
the presence of their Lord." [3:169] He said: We asked the meaning
of the verse (from the Holy Prophet) who said: The souls, of the
martyrs live in the bodies of green birds who have their nests in
chandeliers hung from the throne of the Almighty. They eat the fruits
of Paradise from wherever they like and then nestle in these
07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 109

chandeliers. (Sahih Muslim, Bab Bayan ann Arwah al-Shuhada…, p.

845, No. 1887/4885)

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬had normal worldly death but he is enjoying with

barzakhi life. During barzakhi life, all prophets are given provisions,
they are considered in three things alive as per this world: (1) Their
wife cannot remarry as their husbands i.e. prophets are alive. (2) Their
left property and wealth will not be distributed. (3) Earth will not eat
their bodies. These specialties are shared by all prophets, but the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has a fourth specialty that there will not come any
prophet after him and he is last of all prophets.

Common People are Also Given Life in the Grave

Common people also have some sort of barzakhi life in grave in which
they get the feeling of punishment or reward. But the difference
between the life of common people and the prophets as well as
martyrs is that the bodies of common people is rotted and eaten by
the earth, while the bodies of the prophets and martyrs are remains
intact as at the time of burial, they are supplied provisions therein and
their life in grave is better than this worldly life.

But we should not go deep into this discussion as the

abovementioned verse (2:154) has indicated that we cannot grasp the
nature of this life. Therefore, we should only confine ourselves to the
description given by the Qur’an and Hadith.

However, common people are also given some sort of life in grave and
it is established by several Hadiths:

‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َو َﻗ ْﺪ َو َﺟ َﺒﺖ ﱠ‬

ُ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻤ‬ ‫ﺎل َﺧ َﺮ َج ﱠ‬
َ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ ْ َ
،‫ﺲ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻮب‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ‬9
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻌﻮذ ﻣﻦ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ﻮر َ ﺎ‬ ُ ‫ﻮد ُ َﻌ ﱠﺬ ُب ُﻗ‬
‫ﺒ‬ ُ ‫ﺎل " َﻳ ُﻬ‬ َ ‫ﺻ ْﻮ ًﺗﺎ َﻓ َﻘ‬
َ ‫َﻓ َﺴﻤ َﻊ‬
ِ ِ ِ
(1375 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،220 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬
110 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Abu Aiyub (raz) narrated: Once the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬went out
after sunset and heard a dreadful voice, and said, "The Jews are being
punished in their graves." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 220,
No. 1375)

This Hadith says that the Jews were given punishment in the grave,
that implies that they had some sort of barzakhi life.

‫ َأ ﱠﻧ َﻬﺎ َﺳﻤ َﻌﺖ ﱠ‬،‫ﺎل َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ ْﺘ ْاﺑ َﻨ ُﺔ َﺧﺎﻟﺪ ْﺑﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ ْﺑﻦ ْاﻟ َﻌﺎص‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣﻮ َ ْﺑﻦ ُﻋ ْﻘ َﺒ َﺔ‬10
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ ُ
َ ْ ‫ََُ َ َﱠ‬ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻌﻮذ ﻣﻦ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬. ِ ْ ‫اب اﻟﻘ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ و ﻮ ﻳﺘﻌﻮذ ِﻣﻦ ﻋﺬ‬
(1376 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،221 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬

Hadhrat Musa bin `Uqba narrated From the daughter of Khalid bin Sa
id bin Al-`Asi who said that she had heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬seeking
refuge with Allah from the punishment in the grave. (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 221, No. 1376)

This Hadith says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬used to seek Allah’s refuge from
the torment in grave, it implies that there is barzakhi life in grave.

Both Body and Soul Taste Torment in Graves

Here are some Hadiths in this regard:

ُ ُ ُ ُ َ َُ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ّ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ ََْ َ
ِ ‫ ﻓﺘﻌﺎد روﺣﮫ‬... ‫ ﻋ ِﻦْ اﻟ ِاء ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺎ ِز ٍب ﻗﺎل ﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨ ِ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ ِﺟﻨﺎز ِة‬11
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ ََ َ
‫ ﻓ ُﺘ َﻌ ُﺎد ُرو ُﺣ ُﮫ ِ َﺟ َﺴ ِﺪ ِﻩ‬... ‫َﺟ َﺴ ِﺪ ِﻩ ﻓ َﻴﺄ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ َﻣﻠ ِﺎن ﻓ ُﻴ ْﺠ ِﻠ َﺴ ِﺎﻧ ِﮫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻻ ِن ﻟ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ َرﱡ َﻚ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل َرِّ َﻲ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬
َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ََ ْ
‫ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻟ اء‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫َو َ ﺄ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ َﻣﻠ ِﺎن ﻓ ُﻴ ْﺠ ِﻠ َﺴﺎ ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻻ ِن ﻟ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ َرﱡ َﻚ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل َ ْﺎﻩ َ ْﺎﻩ ﻻ أ ْد ِري‬
،672 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ اﻟﻘ و ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬،‫؛ أﺑﻮ داؤد‬18063 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،364 ‫ ص‬،5 ‫ ج‬،‫ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎذب‬
(4753 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Al-Baraa Ibn Azib, he said: “We went

out with the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in a funeral ... He said that the soul is
returned to the body of the dead, then two angels come to him, those
07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 111

two angels make the dead sit, and then ask, "Who is your Lord?" He
says, "My Lord is Allah"… then the soul of the dead is returned then
two angels come to him, those two angels make the dead sit, and then
ask, "Who is your Lord?" he replies: “ohh I don't know.” (Musnad
Ahmad, vol. 5, p. 364, No. 18063; Abu Dawud, Bab al-Mas’alah fi al-
Qabr, p. 672, No. 4753)

This Hadith says that the soul of each dead person is returned to his
body and the angels question him. The Hadith also mentions that the
torment or reward is received by both the body and soul in the grave,
not only the soul as well as not only the body.

َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬ ‫َﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬

‫ﺎل " ِإ ﱠن‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑ ِﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ـ أن رﺳﻮل‬12
ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ّ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ََْ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ
‫ َو ِ ْن‬،‫ﺎن ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ْ ِﻞ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ ﻓ ِﻤ ْﻦ أ ْ ِﻞ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ‬ ‫ ِإن‬، ِ ِ ‫أﺣﺪﻛﻢ ِإذا ﻣﺎت ﻋ ِﺮض ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ﻣﻘﻌﺪﻩ ِﺑﺎﻟﻐﺪ ِاة واﻟﻌ‬
ْ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ََُ ‫َ َ ْ َْ ﱠ َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬." ‫ﺎل َ ﺬا َﻣ ْﻘ َﻌ ُﺪ َك َﺣ ﱠ َﻳ ْﺒ َﻌﺜ َﻚ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬‫ ﻓﻴﻘ‬،‫ﺎن ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر ﻓ ِﻤﻦ أ ِﻞ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،221 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ﻌﺮض ﻋﻠﯿ ﻣﻘﻌﺪە ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺪاة و اﻟﻌ ء‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(1379

Hadhrat `Abdullah bin `Umar (raz) narrated: Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬

said, "When anyone of you dies, he is shown his place both in the
morning and in the evening. If he is one of the people of Paradise; he
is shown his place in it, and if he is from the people of the Hell-Fire;
he is shown his place there-in. Then it is said to him, 'This is your place
till Allah resurrect you on the Day of Resurrection." (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 221, No. 1379)

This Hadith also mentions that every dead person has some sort of
life in the grave.

َ ‫ﻴﺪ ا ْ ُ ْﺪر ﱠي ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻗ‬

‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻌ‬ َ ‫ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ َأ َﺑﺎ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑﻴﮫ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ ْﺑﻦ َأ ﻲ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬13
‫ﺳ‬
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ َ
َ ُ َ ّ َ ََْ َ َُ ََ ْ َ ُ َ ‫َُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓ ِﺈ ْن ﺎﻧ ْﺖ‬،‫ﺎل َﻋ أ ْﻋ َﻨ ِﺎﻗ ِﻬ ْﻢ‬ َِ ‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ِإذا و ِﺿﻌ ِﺖ ا ﻨﺎزة ﻓﺎﺣﺘﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺟ‬
َ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ُ َن‬ َ َ َ َ ً َ
‫ﺻ ْﻮﺗ َﻬﺎ‬ ‫ ﺴﻤﻊ‬.‫ و ِ ن ﺎﻧﺖ ﻏ ﺻﺎ ِ ٍﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻳﺎ و ﻠﻬﺎ أﻳﻦ ﻳﺬ ﺒﻮ ِﺑﻬﺎ‬.‫ﺻﺎ ِ َ ﺔ ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ ﻗ ِّﺪ ُﻣﻮ ِ ﻲ ﻗ ِّﺪ ُﻣﻮ ِ ﻲ‬
112 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﻼم‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ َ ‫ﺎن َﻟ‬

) ." ‫ﺼ ِﻌ َﻖ‬ ُ ‫ َو َﻟ ْﻮ َﺳﻤ َﻌ َﻬﺎ اﻹ ْ َﺴ‬،‫ﺎن‬
َ ‫ُ ﱡﻞ َ ْ ء إ ﱠﻻ اﻹ ْ َﺴ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
(1380 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،221 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ﻋ ا ﻨﺎزة‬

Hadhrat Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri (raz) narrated: Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬

said, "When the funeral is ready (for its burial) and the people lift it
on their shoulders, then if the deceased is a righteous person he says,
'Take me ahead,' and if he is not a righteous one then he says, 'Woe
to it (me)! Where are you taking it (me)?' And his voice is audible to
everything except human beings; and if they heard it they would fall
down unconscious." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 221, No.
1380)

This Hadith indicates a common man also is give life in the grave has
some sort of barzakhi life, not a worldly life.
ُ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ُ ُل َ َ ﱠ ﱡ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ َأ‬14
‫ض َﻋ أﻗﺎ ِرِ ﻜ ْﻢ‬ ‫ﺲ ْﺑ َﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ ﻳﻘﻮ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻨ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِإن أﻋﻤﺎﻟﻜﻢ ﻌﺮ‬ ِ
‫اﻟﻠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ َﻻ ُﺗﻤ ْﺘ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﺣ ﱠ‬
‫َ ْ َ َ ََْ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ْ ُ َ َ َ
ِ ‫ات ﻓ ِﺈن ﺎن ﺧ ً ا اﺳﺘ ﺸ ُﺮوا ِﺑ ِﮫ و ِ ن ﺎن ﻏ ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬
ِ ‫وﻋﺸ ِﺎﺋ ِﺮﻛﻢ ِﻣﻦ اﻷﻣﻮ‬
َ َ َ
(12272 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،643 ‫ ص‬،3 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ا ﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﮏ‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫ﺗ ْﻬ ِﺪ َﻳ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻛ َﻤﺎ َ َﺪ ْﻳ َﻨﺎ‬

Hadhrat Anas ibn Malik (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Your
deeds are presented to your dead relatives. If the deeds are good,
they rejoice in it, and if the deeds are not good, they say: O Allah, do
not give them death until you give guidance to them as you gave to
us.” (Musnad Ahmad, Musnad Anas Bin Malik, vol. 3, p. 634, No
12272)

Similarly, this Hadith our good actions are presented before our
relative dead persons.

These were 2 verses from the Qur’an and 14 hadiths that establish
that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is alive in his grave as well as his body is safe and
uneaten by earth.
07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 113

Barzakhi Life is Greater than the Worldly Life

Here are some evidences:

َ ‫ َﻟ َﻌ ّ َأ ْﻋ َﻤ ُﻞ‬ ‫ﺎل َر ّب ا ْرﺟ ُﻌﻮن‬

‫ﺻﺎ ِ ً ﺎ ِﻓ َﻴﻤﺎ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬
َ ُ َْْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َﱠ‬
‫ ﺣ ِإذا ﺟﺎء أﺣﺪ ﻢ اﻟﻤﻮت‬3
ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ن‬ ‫ن‬َ َُ ُْ ْ َ َ ٌ َْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َُ َ َ ُ ٌ َ َ َ‫َ َْ ُ َﱠ ﱠ‬
23:99- ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﻼ ِإ ﺎ ِﻠﻤﺔ ﻮ ﻗﺎ ِﺋﻠ ﺎ و ِﻣﻦ ورا ِ ِ ﻢ ﺑﺮزخ ِإ ﻳﻮ ِم ﻳﺒﻌﺜﻮ ]اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮ‬
[100

“(The infidels go on doing their misdeeds) until when death comes to

one of them, he will say, .My Lord send me back, so that I may act
righteously in that (world) which I have left behind.. Never! It is simply
a word he utters, and in front of such people there is a barrier till the
day when they will be resurrected.” [23:99-100]

This verse says that the deceased ones will live a barzakhi life and the
wrongdoers will request to be returned to this world, but their
requests will fall apart.

‫ﺎﻋ ُﺔ َأ ْدﺧ ُﻠﻮا َآ َل ﻓ ْﺮ َﻋ ْﻮ َن َأ َﺷﺪﱠ‬

َ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ُ ‫ﺿﻮ َن َﻋ َﻠ ْ َ ﺎ ُﻏ ُﺪوا َو َﻋﺸﻴﺎ َو َ ْﻮ َم َﺗ ُﻘ‬
‫ﻮم ﱠ‬ ‫ ﱠ‬4
ُ ‫اﻟﻨ ُﺎر ُ ْﻌ َﺮ‬
ِ ِ ِ
ََْ
[40:46 ‫اب ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻌ‬
‫ﺬ‬

“…and the House of Pharaoh was encircled by an evil punishment. It

is the Fire before which they are presented morning and evening. And
on the day when the Hour (of final judgment) will take place, (the
order will be released,): Admit the family of Pharaoh into the most
severe punishment.” [40:46]

This verse says that they will be given this punishment in the barzakh
(transitional period after death before resurrection).
114 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ْ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ ََ ْ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ََْ
‫ﺎﺳﻄﻮ أ ْﻳ ِﺪ ِ ْﻢ أﺧ ِﺮ ُﺟﻮا‬ ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺋ‬ِ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟ‬‫و‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻏ‬ ِ ‫ن‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺎﻟ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻈ‬ ‫ذ‬‫إ‬
ِِ ‫ى‬ َ
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ وﻟﻮ‬5
ْ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﻏ ْ َ ا ْ َ ّﻖ َو ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ َﻋﻦ‬‫َ ُ ُْ ْ َُ ُ َ ََ ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َْ ْ ُ َ ْ َْ ُ ُ َ ُ َْ
ِ ِ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬
‫أﻧﻔﺴﻜﻢ اﻟﻴﻮم ﺗﺠﺰون ﻋﺬاب اﻟ ﻮ ِ ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮ ﻋ‬
َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ََ
[6:93 ‫آﻳﺎ ِﺗ ِﮫ ﺴﺘﻜ ِ ون ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬

“…If only you could witness when the unjust are in the throes of
death, and the angels stretch their hands (and say), Out with your
souls. Today, you shall have your punishment, a punishment of
humiliation, because you have been saying about Allah what is not
true...” [6:93]
َ َّ ََ َُ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َْْ َ ْ ُ َْ َ ْ ‫َ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫اب ﻣﻨ ِﺎﻓﻘﻮن و ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ اﻟﻤ ِﺪﻳﻨ ِﺔ ﻣﺮدوا ﻋ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻔ ِﺎق ﻻ‬ ِ ‫ و ِﻣﻤﻦ ﺣﻮﻟﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﺮ‬6
َ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ُ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ّ ُ ُ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ﱠ ُ َ ﱡ َن‬
[9:101 ‫اب َﻋ ِﻈ ٍﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬
ٍ ‫ﻌﻠﻤ ﻢ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻌﻠﻤ ﻢ ﺳﻨﻌ ِﺬ ﻢ ﻣﺮﺗ ِن ﺛﻢ ﻳﺮدو ِإ ﻋ‬
‫ﺬ‬

“…and among the people of Madinah as well, they are adamant on

hypocrisy, you do not know them, we know them, we will chastise
them twice, then they shall be driven to a terrible punishment (in the
Hereafter).” [9:101]

‫ﱠ‬ َْ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ ‫َُّ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬

‫ﻳﻦ آ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ ِل اﻟﺜ ِﺎﺑ ِﺖ ِ ا َ َﻴ ِﺎة اﻟ ﱡﺪﻧ َﻴﺎ َو ِ اﻵ ِﺧ َﺮ ِة َو ُ ِﻀ ﱡﻞ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬‫ ﻳﺜ ِ ﺖ اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟ ِﺬ‬7
َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
[14:27 ‫اﻟﻈ ِﺎﻟ ِﻤ َن َو َ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻣﺎ َ ﺸ ُﺎء ]إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ‬

“Allah keeps the believers firm with the stable word in the worldly life
and in the Hereafter; and Allah lets the unjust go astray; and Allah
does what He wills.” [14:27]

َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ُْ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
[82:13-14 ‫ ِ ن اﻟﻔﺠﺎر ﻟ ِﻔﻲ ِ ٍﻴﻢ ]اﻹﻧﻔﻄﺎر‬ ‫ ِإن اﻷﺑﺮار ﻟ ِﻔﻲ ِﻌ ٍﻴﻢ‬8
‫و‬

“Surely the righteous will be in bliss, and the sinners in Hell.” [82:13-
14]
07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 115

These 6 verses from the Qur’an indicate that a man is give life in the
grave and then either given punishment or reward for his deeds. This
was established by the hadiths mentioned before.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Had a Only Worldly Death

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬had a worldly death in this world, but he is alive in

his grave with his body and his life in grave is greater than this worldly
life. As for his worldly death, this Hadith establishes it:
‫َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ ََ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ َ ﱠ ً َ ﱠ‬
‫ أﻣﺎ ﻌﺪ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺎن ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪا ﺻ‬... ‫ أن ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ أﺧ ﺗﮫ أن أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ر ِ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬15
‫ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ﱠ ً َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ُْ ُ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ﱞ َ َ ُ ُ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل اﻟﻠ ُﮫ } َ}و َﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ ِﺈن ﻣﺤﻤﺪا ﻗﺪ ﻣﺎت وﻣﻦ ﺎن ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻌﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻓ ِﺈن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻮت ﻗ‬
ََ ْ َ َْ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ََ ْ ََُْ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ُ ‫ُ َ ﱠ ٌ ﱠ َ ُ ٌ َ ْ ََ ْ ْ َْ ﱡ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ِإﻻ رﺳﻮل ﻗﺪ ﺧﻠﺖ ِﻣﻦ ﻗﺒ ِﻠ ِﮫ اﻟﺮﺳﻞ أﻓ ِﺈن ﻣﺎت أو ﻗ ِﺘﻞ اﻧﻘﻠﺒﺘﻢ ﻋ أﻋﻘ ِﺎﺑﻜﻢ وﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﻘ ِﻠﺐ ﻋ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ َْ ََ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺪﺧﻮل ﻋ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬،‫اﻟﺸ ِﺎﻛ ِﺮ َﻦ{ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻀ ﱠﺮ اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َو َﺳ َﻴ ْﺠ ِﺰي‬‫ﻋ ِﻘﺒﻴ ِﮫ ﻓﻠﻦ ﻳ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ وﻓﺎﺗ و دﻓﻨ ﷺ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬1241 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،199 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻌﺪ اﻟﻤﻮت اذا أدرج اﮐﻔﺎﻧ‬
(1627 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،232

Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) narrated that …. Hadhrat Abur Bakr (raz) said:
“Whoever used to worship Allah, Allah is alive and will never die.
Whoever used to worship Muhammad, Muhammad is dead.
{Muhammad is no more than a Messenger, and indeed (many)
Messengers have passed away before him. If he dies or is killed, will
you then turn back on your heels (as disbelievers)? And he who turns
back on his heels, not the least harm will he do to Allah; and Allah will
give reward to those who are grateful}.’” [3:144]

This Hadith says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬died and Hadhrat Abu Bakr (may
Allah be pleased with him) confirmed it.

َ
[39:30 ‫ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َﻣ ِّﻴ ٌﺖ َو ِ ﱠ ُ ْﻢ َﻣ ِّﻴ ُﺘﻮن ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬9

“Verily, you are to die and they are to die.” [39:30]

116 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ َ ُ ُ
[23:15 ‫ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ِإ ﱠﻧﻜ ْﻢ َ ْﻌ َﺪ ذ ِﻟ َﻚ ﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ ُﺘﻮن ]اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮن‬10

“Then, after all this, you are to die.” [23:15]

.‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻤﺎ ﻣﺎت اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﺟﺎء أﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺮ ﻣﺎل ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﻼء ا ﻀﺮﻣﯽ‬16
(2683 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،437 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺸ ﺎدات‬،‫) ﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Jabir bin Abdullah (raz), he

said, when the Holy Prophet passed away, wealth came to Hazrat Abu
Bakr on behalf of Ala Hazrami. (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Shahadat, p.
437, No. 2683)

‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزی‬،‫ﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ) . ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺎت اﻟﻨ ﷺ اﻧ ﻟﺒ ن ﺣﺎﻗﻨ و ذاﻗﻨ‬17

(4446 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،755 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺮض اﻟﻨ و وﻓﺎﺗ‬،

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ayesha (raz), she said, “The

Holy Prophet passed away while he was between my chest and chin.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Maghazi, p. 755, No. 4446)

In both of these hadiths, it is said that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬had passed

away. Both these hadiths mention that incidence of the Prophet’s
death.

These 2 verses of the Qur’an and 3 hadiths establish that the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬have had worldly death and therefore he was buried. Had he have
a worldly life how could he be buried?

Some Scholars are of the View that Souls of a Believer Roams

Around

This is established by a statement of a Sahabi:

07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 117

‫ ﻓﺎذا ﻣﺎت‬،‫ اﻟﺪﻧﯿﺎ ﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﻣﻦ و ﺟﻨﺔ اﻟ ﺎﻓﺮ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ و )ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺎص( ﻗﺎل‬18
‫ ص‬،7 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﻼم ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮو‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ ا ﯽ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬.‫اﻟﻤﻮﻣﻦ ﯾﺨ ﺑ ﺴﺮح ﺣﯿﺚ ﺷﺎء‬
(2675 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،57

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abdullah ibn Amr (Ibn al-

Aas), he said: “The world is the prison for a believer, and paradise for
a disbeliever. When a believer dies he is let to move where he
wishes.” (Musannad Ibn Abi Shaybah, vol. 7, p. 57, No. 2675)

This statement says that the soul strolls where it wishes, this means it
can move from one to other places. But it has three weaknesses:

(1) This is a statement by a Sahabi, not a Hadith; therefore it may

not serve as proof for a belief.
(2) This statement says “the world is like a prison for a believer”,
so when the world is prison, why would the soul return to the
world for strolling, so it means not to stroll in this world,
rather in Jannah; since there is no mention of statement of
Sahabi.
(3) There is another Hadith which clearly says regarding Sayyidna
Ja’far Tayyar that he flies around in the Jannah. Thus, the
above-mentioned statement may not suffice to establish a
belief.

Here is the Hadith:

‫ )ﺳ ن‬.‫ا ﻨﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﮑﺔ‬ ‫ رأﯾﺖ ﺟﻌﻔﺮا ﯾﻄ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬19
(2763 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،855 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Huraira, he said: The

Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “I saw Ja'far flying into Paradise with the angels.”
(Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Manaqib, Manaqib Ja'far ibn Talib, p. 855,
No. 2673)
118 | Samarat al-Aqaid

This Hadith says that Sayyidna Ja’far (may Allah be pleased with him)
strolls in Jannah where he wishes. Therefore, the statement of
Sayyidna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) would
imply that the soul of a believer strolls in Jannah, not in the world.
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ْ ََﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ
‫ﻳﻦ ﻗ ِﺘﻠﻮا ِ َﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ‫ }وﻻ ﺗﺤﺴ ن اﻟ ِﺬ‬،‫ﺎل َﺳﺄﻟ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ َﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﻋ ْﻦ َ ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻵﻳ ِﺔ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﺴ ُﺮو ٍق‬20
ْ ‫اﺣ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﺟ ْﻮف َﻃ‬ُ ‫ﺎل َأ َﻣﺎ إ ﱠﻧﺎ َﻗ ْﺪ َﺳ َﺄ ْﻟ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﻦ َذﻟ َﻚ َﻓ َﻘﺎ َل " َأ ْر َو‬َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َّ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ َ ْ َ ً َ ْ َ
‫ﻗ‬ {‫أﻣﻮاﺗﺎ ﺑﻞ أﺣﻴﺎء ِﻋﻨﺪ رِ ِﻬﻢ ﻳﺮزﻗﻮن‬
ٍ ِ ِ ْ
ِ ِ
ْ ْ َ َ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ٌ ‫ُ ْ ََ ََ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬." ‫ﻳﻞ ُﻣ َﻌﻠ َﻘﺔ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻌ ْﺮ ِش ْﺴ َﺮ ُح ِﻣ َﻦ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َﺣ ْﻴﺚ ﺷ َﺎء ْت ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﺗﺄ ِوي ِإ ِﺗﻠ َﻚ اﻟ َﻘ َﻨ ِﺎد ِﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻀ ٍﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﻨ ِﺎد‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺑﯿﺎن أن أرواح اﻟﺸ ﺪاء ا ﻨﺔ و أﻧ ﻢ أﺣﯿﺎء ﻋﻨﺪ ر ﻢ ﯾﺮزﻗﻮن‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻷﻣﺎرة‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(4885/1887 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،845

It has been narrated on the authority of Masruq Who said: We asked

'Abdullah about the Qur'anic verse:" Think not of those who are slain
in Allah's way as dead. Nay, they are alive, finding their sustenance in
the presence of their Lord.." (3:169). He said: We asked the meaning
of the verse (from the Holy Prophet) who said: The souls, of the
martyrs live in the bodies of green birds who have their nests in
chandeliers hung from the throne of the Almighty. They eat the fruits
of Paradise from wherever they like and then nestle in these
chandeliers. (Sahih Muslim, p. 845, No 1887/4885)

This Hadith also says that the souls of martyrs stroll in Jannah and
strolling in the world is not established.

Those in Hell Will Beseech to Return to the World

There is a verse in the Qur’an which says that the unbelievers will
request after death to be returned to the world, but their request will
not be accepted, so how we can believe that souls will return to the
world. Here is the verse:
07 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Alive in Grave | 119

َ ‫ َﻟ َﻌ ّ َأ ْﻋ َﻤ ُﻞ‬ ‫ﺎل َر ّب ا ْرﺟ ُﻌﻮن‬

َ‫ﺻﺎ ِ ً ﺎ ِﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ َ َ ُ َْْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﺣ ِإذا ﺟﺎء أﺣﺪ ﻢ اﻟﻤﻮت ﻗ‬11
َ ُ َ َ ُ َ ٌ َ ‫َ ْ َﱠ‬
23:99- ‫ﺗ َﺮﻛ ُﺖ ﻛﻼ ِإ ﱠ َ ﺎ ِﻠ َﻤﺔ ُ َﻮ ﻗﺎ ِﺋﻠ َ ﺎ َو ِﻣ ْﻦ َو َرا ِ ِ ْﻢ َﺑ ْﺮز ٌخ ِإ َﻳ ْﻮ ِم ُﻳ ْﺒ َﻌﺜﻮن ]اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮن‬
[100

“(The infidels go on doing their misdeeds) until when death comes to

one of them, he will say, .My Lord send me back, so that I may act
righteously in that (world) which I have left behind.. Never! It is simply
a word he utters, and in front of such people there is a barrier till the
day when they will be resurrected.” [23:99-100]

This verse says that after death many would wish to return to the
world, but they will not be allowed. Then, how these souls can roam
in the world and ask for charity?

These 2 verses and 1 hadith establish that the souls stroll in Jannah,
not the in the world.

We have quoted total 11 verses and 20 Hadiths regarding this belief.

Hindus Believe that their Deities Roam Around in the World

The Hindus believe that the souls of their deities roam around in the
world, they rest inside idols and listen to the calls made by their
worshippers and help them.

The Hindus believe in so many gods and goddesses which reside in

different temples and mountains; therefore they are persuaded to go
on pilgrimage to those mountains and pay visit to them. Thus the
Hindus flock to visit those places, prostrate before them, worship
them and call them for their needs.

This point needs contemplation.

 | 120

08 - The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is not

Omnipresent and
Omniscient

We shall quote 34 verses from the Qur’an and 13 Hadiths regarding

this belief. The details are as follows:

Being Present is of Three Types

(1) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was present at many places during his

lifetime in this world.
(2) He shall be present at many places in the world hereafter.
(3) But the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not present at every place and was
not seeing everything, e.g. today he is present before Zaid
and observes all his conditions, this is an attribute of Allah,
not of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

Being Omnipresent and Omniscient is the Attribute of Allah

Alone

Allah is present everywhere as per His knowledge, this is established

by several verses:

َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ُ
[57:4 ‫ َو ُ َﻮ َﻣ َﻌﻜ ْﻢ أ ْﻳ َﻦ َﻣﺎ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ]ا ﺪﻳﺪ‬1
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 121

“He is with you wherever you are, and Allah is watchful of whatever
you do.” [57:4]

ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ‫ َ َ َ ْ َ ﻰ ﻣ ْﻦ َذﻟ َﻚ َوَﻻ َأ ْﻛ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ َﻣ َﻌ‬2

[58:7 ‫ِإﻻ ﻮ ﻢ أﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺎﻧﻮا ]ا ﺎدﻟﺔ‬ ِ ِ ‫وﻻ أد‬

“…nor between fewer than that or more, but He is with them

wherever they may be.” [58:7]

‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ ‫ إ ْذ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل ﻟ‬3

[9:40 ‫ﺎﺣ ِﺒ ِﮫ ﻻ ﺗ ْﺤ َﺰن ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻣ َﻌ َﻨﺎ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬‫ﺼ‬
ِ ِ ِ
“…and he was saying to his companion, Do not grieve. Allah is surely
with us.” [9:40]

‫َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َن َ ﱠ‬
ْ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻣ َﻌ ُﻜ ْﻢ َو َﻟ ْﻦ َﻳ ِ َ ُﻛ ْﻢ َأ ْﻋ َﻤ َﺎﻟ ُﻜﻢ‬‫ ﻓﻼ ِ ﻨﻮا وﺗﺪﻋﻮا ِإ اﻟﺴﻠ ِﻢ وأﻧﺘﻢ اﻷﻋﻠﻮ و‬4
[47:38 ‫]ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬

“So, do not lose heart, and do not appeal for peace; you will be the
uppermost, and Allah is with you,” [47:35]

َ ّ َ
[2:186 ‫ﻓ ِﺈ ِ ﻲ ﻗ ِﺮ ٌﺐ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ّ ‫َو َذا َﺳ َﺄ َﻟ َﻚ ﻋ َﺒﺎدي َﻋ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ 5

When My servants ask you about Me, then (tell them that) I am near.”
[2:186]
َ َْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ُ َْ ََ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ََ
‫س ِﺑ ِﮫ ﻧ ْﻔ ُﺴ ُﮫ َوﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ أﻗ َﺮ ُب ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ْﺒ ِﻞ‬‫اﻹ ﺴﺎن و ﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺳ ِﻮ‬
ِ ‫ وﻟﻘﺪ ﺧﻠﻘﻨﺎ‬6
ْ
[50:16 ‫اﻟ َﻮ ِر ِﺪ ]ق‬

“Indeed We have created man, and We know whatever thoughts his

inner self develops, and We are closer to him than (his) jugular vein.”
[50:16]
122 | Samarat al-Aqaid

These 6 verses from the Qur’an tell that Allah is present with us
everywhere, therefore only He possesses the attribute of being
Omnipresent and Omniscient.

Allah Sees Everything and Everyone: Allah is Omniscient

Here are some verses from the Qur’an:

ْ ‫ﱠ‬
[3:15 ‫ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ِﺑﺎﻟ ِﻌ َﺒ ِﺎد ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬7

“Allah is watchful over His servants.” [3:15]

ْ ‫ﱠ‬
[3:20 ‫ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ِﺑﺎﻟ ِﻌ َﺒ ِﺎد ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬8

“Allah is watchful over (all of) His servants.” [3:20]

ٌ َ َ َُ ْ َ َ َ ‫َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ن‬
[2:233 ‫ واﻋﻠﻤﻮا أن اﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻌﻤﻠﻮ ﺑ ِﺼ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬9

“and be assured that Allah is watchful of what you do.” [2:233]

َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[2:237 ‫ ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬10

“Surely, Allah is watchful of what you do.” [2:237]

َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[2:265 ‫ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬11

“and Allah is watchful of what you do.” [2:265]

َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[3:156 ‫ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬12

“Allah is watchful of what you do.” [3:156]

9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 123

َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
[3:163 ‫ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ َ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬13

“Allah is watchful of what you do.” [3:163]

َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[8:39 ‫ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ َ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن َﺑ ِﺼ ٌ ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل‬14

“Allah is indeed watchful over what they do.” [8:39]

These 8 verses from the Qur’an establish that Allah is omniscient i.e.
He sees everything. Therefore, being omniscient is His special
attribute.

But how He sees everything and how He is present everywhere, He

knows best its reality and it is appropriate for Him.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not Omnipresent

The following verses from the Qur’an say that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was
not present at so and so places, and in the hereafter also he will say
that he was not present. So, in view of these 5 verses and 6 hadiths,
how can we say that he was omnipresent and omniscient?

Here are the verses:

َ ‫اﻟﺸﺎ ﺪ‬ َْ َ ُ َ ََْ َ ْ ّ َْ ْ
‫اﻷ ْﻣ َﺮ َو َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ ﺑ‬15
‫ﻳﻦ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻮ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫إ‬ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻀ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ذ‬‫إ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
ِِ ِ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻐ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺐ‬ ‫ﺎﻧ‬‫ﺠ‬
ِ ِ ِ
[28:44 ‫]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬

“And (O prophet,) you were not there at the Western side (of the
mount Tur) when We delegated the matter to Musa, nor were you
among those present.” [28:44]

َ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ
[28:46 ‫ َو َﻣﺎ ﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ ِﺑ َﺠﺎ ِﻧ ِﺐ اﻟﻄﻮ ِر ِإذ ﻧ َﺎد ْﻳ َﻨﺎ ]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬16
124 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“And you were not at the side of (the mount) Tur when We called
(Musa),” [28:46]

ْ ْ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َْ َ ُ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ‫َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ْ ْ ْ ُْ ُ َ َ َْ َ ُ ْ َﱡ‬
‫ وﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻟﺪ ِ ﻢ ِإذ ﻳﻠﻘﻮن أﻗﻼﻣ ﻢ أ ﻢ ﻳﻜﻔﻞ ﻣﺮ ﻢ وﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻟﺪ ِ ﻢ ِإذ‬17
َ ْ
[3:44 ‫َﻳﺨ َﺘ ِﺼ ُﻤﻮن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“(O Prophet!) You were not with them when they were casting their
pens (to decide) who, from among them, should be the guardian of
Maryam, nor were you with them when they were quarrelling.” [3:44]

ْ‫ﻮﺣ ِﻴﮫ إ َﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ َو َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ َﻟ َﺪ ْ ْﻢ إ ْذ َأ ْﺟ َﻤ ُﻌﻮا َأ ْﻣ َﺮ ُ ْﻢ َو ُ ﻢ‬ ُ‫ َذﻟ َﻚ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﻧ َﺒﺎء ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺐ ﻧ‬18

ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ
[12:102 ‫َﻳ ْﻤﻜ ُﺮو َن ]ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬

“That is a part of the reports of the unseen We reveal to you (O

Prophet). You were not with them when they determined their
object, and when they were planning devices.” [12:102]
َ َ َ ‫َ ُ ْ ُ ََْ ْ َ ً َ ُ ْ ُ ْ ََ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ َْ ُ ْ َ َْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﺐ َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ َوأ ْﻧ َﺖ‬‫ وﻛﻨﺖ ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ ﺷ ِ ﻴﺪا ﻣﺎ دﻣﺖ ِﻓ ِ ﻢ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺘ ِ ﻛﻨﺖ أﻧﺖ اﻟﺮ ِﻗ‬19
ٌ ‫َﻋ َ ُ ّﻞ َ ْ ء َﺷ‬
[5:117 ‫ﻴﺪ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ِ ٍ ِ
“… and I was a witness over them as long as I was with them, but
when You recalled me, You were the One watching over them. You
are a witness over everything.” [5:117]

Note: this verse is related to the Prophet Isa (peace be upon him), but
in a Hadith the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬also repeated these words, thus this
relates him as well, the Hadith will be mentioned in the chapter of ilm
al-ghaib.

These 5 verses clearly say that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not present at
these places. Moreover, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will admit in the hereafter
that after his demise he was not with him Ummat, so who can be he
called omnipresent and omniscient.
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 125

Note: this is related to belief so in order to prove that the Prophet

(‫ )ﷺ‬was omnipresent and omniscient it is necessary to present a clear
verse or a authentic Hadith which clearly establishes that he was
omnipresent and omniscient or he was omnipresent and omniscient
being in grave. A belief cannot be established just by dream, or literal
discussions, or by elders’ statements, this is an established rule.

Hadiths Establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not Present

The following Hadiths also indicate that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not
present at many places during his life and he will express so in the
hereafter too that after death he was not among his Ummah and thus
had no information about them. This establishes that he was not
omnipresent and omniscient. Yes, he was completely aware of what
was informed to him, and he was given information more than those
passed and those shall come.

The Hadith of Me’raj says that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬presented al-Masjid al-Aqsa

before him, so he replied the Quriash accordingly. This also proves
that he was not omnipresent and omniscient. Had he been
omnipresent and omniscient, there was no need to present al-Masjid
al-Aqsa before him.

‫ﺎل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ اﻧ ﺳﻤﻊ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﯾﻘﻮل ﻟﻤﺎ ﮐﺬﺑ ﻗﺮ ﺶ ﻗﻤﺖ ا ﺮ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬1
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ﻓﺠ اﻟﻠ ﺑ ﺖ اﻟﻤﻘﺪس ﻓﻄﻔﻘﺖ اﺧ ﻢ ﻋﻦ آﯾﺎﺗ و اﻧﺎ اﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﯿ ۔ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(3886 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،652 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻻﺳﺮاء‬،‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ اﻻﻧﺼﺎر‬
Jabir bin Abdullah narrates that he heard the the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying,
"When the Quraish disbelieved me (concerning my night journey), I
stood up in Al- Hijr (the unroofed portion of the Ka`ba) and Allah
displayed Bait-ul-Maqdis before me, and I started to inform them
(Quraish) about its signs while looking at it." (Sahih Bukhari, p 652,
No. 3886)
Once the hypocrites labeled accusations against Sayyida Ayisha, the
lovely wife of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, this made him restless for about a
126 | Samarat al-Aqaid

month, then Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬revealed some verses of Surah al-Noor (No. 18)
and asserted her innocence, then the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬felt relaxed. Had
he been omnipresent and omniscient, there was no need to feel
restless as he was supposed to know her innocence. The Hadith says:

‫ ﻋﺘﺒ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ﺸ ر اﻟﻠ ﻋ ﺎ زوج اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﺣ ن ﻗﺎل ﻟ ﺎ ا ﻞ اﻻﻓﮏ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬2

‫․․․․․و ﻗﺪ ﻟﺒﺚ ﺷﻬﺮا ﻻ ﯾﻮ اﻟﯿ ﺷﺎ ﯽ ء ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻓ ﺸﻬﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﺣ ن ﺟﻠﺲ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل‬
‫اﻣﺎ ﻌﺪ ﯾﺎ ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ اﻧ ﺑﻠﻐ ﻋﻨﮏ ﮐﺬا ﮐﺬا ﻓﺎن ﮐﻨﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺌﺔ ﻓﺴﯿ ﺋﮏ اﻟﻠ و ان ﮐﻨﺖ اﻟﻤﻤﺖ ﺑﺬﻧﺐ‬
ُ ٌ ْ ُ ْ ْ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺼ َﺒﺔ ِﻣ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮی اﻟﻠ و ﺗﻮ ﯽ اﻟﯿ ․․․․․ و أﻧﺰل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﴿ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﺟﺎءوا ِﺑ‬
‫ﺎﻹﻓ ِﻚ ﻋ‬
‫؛ ﻴﺢ‬4141 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،701 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻻﻓﮏ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزی‬،‫[ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬11/‫]اﻟﻨﻮر‬
(7020/2770 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1205 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻻﻓﮏ و ﻗﺒﻮل اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
“Utba bin Mas’ud related from the narration of `Aisha (may
Allah be pleased with her), the wife the Prophet, when the
slanderers had said about her what they had said… He had
never sat with me since a month when this rumour was afloat,
and there was no revelation (to clarity) my case. Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬recited Tashahhud (there is no god but Allah
and Muhammad is His Apostle) and then said: Coming to the
point, 'A'isha, this is what has reached me about you and if you
are innocent, Allah would Himself vindicate your honour, and if
accidentally there has been a lapse on your part seek
forgiveness of Allah; He will pardon thee for when a servant
makes a confession of his fault and turns (to Him) penitently,
Allah also turns to him (mercifully) accepting his repentance.
Then Allah revealed the ten Verses: "Verily those who spread
the slander are a gang amongst you. [24.11]” (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Maghazi, p 701, No. 4141; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-
Taubah, p 1205, No. 2770/7020)
The following hadiths also say that the salutations of people
are conveyed to Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Had the universe been before
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 127

his eyes, then there would have been no need to convey

salutations to him.
‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ إن ﻟﻠ ﻣﻼﺋﮑﺔ ﺳﯿﺎﺣ ن اﻷرض ﯾﺒﻠﻐﻮ ﻲ ﻣﻦ أﻣ‬3
(1283 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،179 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟ ﺴﻠﯿﻢ ﻋ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻬﻮ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﻲ‬.‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬
Hadhrat Abdullah (raz) reported the Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying:
“Allah has angels who travel about in the earth and convey to
me greetings from my people.” (Sunan al-Nasai, Kitab al-Sahv,
p. 179, No. 1283)

‫ و وﻓﺎ ﯽ ﺧ ﻟﮑﻢ ﻌﺮض ﻋ‬،‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﺣﯿﺎ ﯽ ﺧ ﻟﮑﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﺛﻮن و ﻧﺤﺪث ﻟﮑﻢ‬4
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ اﻟ ار‬.‫اﻋﻤﺎﻟﮑﻢ ﻓﻤﺎ رأﯾﺖ ﺧ ا ﺣﻤﺪت اﻟﻠ و ﻣﺎ رأﯾﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮ اﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮت اﻟﻠ ﻟﮑﻢ‬
(308 ‫ ص‬،5 ‫ ج‬، ‫زاذان ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ‬
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “My life is better for you, you people talk
to me, I talk to you and my death is also better for you, your
deeds will be presented to me. If I see any good in them, I will
praise Allah, and if I see any bad in them, I will ask forgiveness
for you.” (Musnad al-Bazzar, Bab Zazan from Abdullah, vol. 5, p.
308)
These hadiths establish three points: (1) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is
alive in his grave. (2) the actions and deeds of the Ummah are
presented before him. (3) the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is not omnipresent
and omniscient, as well as the universe is not before his eyes;
otherwise there was no need to present the deeds.
ُ َ َ ً ُُ ْ ُ َ ُُ َُ ْ َ َ
‫ﻮرا َوﻻ ﺗ ْﺠ َﻌﻠﻮا‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬5
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ "ﻻ ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻮا ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻜﻢ ﻗﺒ‬:‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
ْ ُ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ ُ ُْ َ ْ ُ ََ َ ‫َْ ي ً ِ َ َ ﱡ ََ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎرة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﮏ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ﻗ ِ ِﻋﻴﺪا وﺻﻠﻮا ﻋ ﻓ ِﺈن ﺻﻼﺗﻜﻢ ﺗﺒﻠﻐ ِ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﻨﺘﻢ‬
(2042 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،296 ،‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬
128 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

“Do not make your houses graves, and do not make my grave a
place of festivity. But invoke blessings on me, for your blessings
reach me wherever you may be.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-
Manasik, p. 296, No. 2042)

This Hadith says that the salutations of people are conveyed to

the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Had he been omnipresent and omniscient
there would have been no need for the angels to convey
salutations to him.
The following Hadith says that he will not be omnipresent and
omniscient in the hereafter too as he will mistake non-sahabi
as sahabi.
َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ْﺨ ُﻄ ُﺐ َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ َو ِ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﺳ ُﻴ َﺠ ُﺎء ِﺑ ِﺮ َﺟ ٍﺎل‬...‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﺎل َﻗ َﺎم ﻓ َﻴﻨﺎ ﱠ‬
ِ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬6
ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َ.‫ َﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل إ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َﻻ َﺗ ْﺪري َﻣﺎ َأ ْﺣ َﺪ ُﺛﻮا َ ْﻌ َﺪك‬.‫ﺻ ْﻴ َﺤﺎ ﻲ‬ َ ‫ َﻓ َﺄ ُﻗﻮ ُل َﻳﺎ َر ّب ُأ‬.‫اﻟﺸ َﻤﺎل‬
ّ َ َ ْ ُ َ َُْ ‫ْ ُﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﻴﺆﺧﺬ ِﺑ ِﻬﻢ ذات‬، ِ ‫ِﻣ َﻦ أﻣ‬
ُ ‫ﺎل َﻓ ُﻴ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎل‬ َ ‫ﻴﻢ{ َﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﻴﺪا َﻣﺎ ُد ْﻣ ُﺖ ِﻓﻴﻬ ْﻢ{ إ َ َﻗ ْﻮِﻟ ِﮫ }ا ْ َ ِﻜ‬
ً ‫اﻟﺼﺎ ُ } َو ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﻬ ْﻢ َﺷﻬ‬ ُ َ ْ َ ‫َﻓﺄ ُﻗﻮ ُل َﻛ َﻤﺎ َﻗ‬
ِ ‫ﺎل اﻟﻌ ْﺒﺪ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ي‬ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ََ َ ّ َْ ُ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب و ﮐﻨﺖ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﺴ‬، ‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎر‬."‫ِإﻧﻬﻢ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺰاﻟﻮا ﻣﺮﺗ ِﺪﻳﻦ ﻋ أﻋﻘ ِﺎﺑ ِﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻓﺎرﻗﺘﻬﻢ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب إﺛﺒﺎت‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬4625 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،791 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ ﺷﻬﯿﺪا ﻣﺎ دﻣﺖ ﻓ ﻢ‬
(5996/2304 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1018 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺣﻮض ﻧﺒ ﻨﺎ ﷺ وﺻﻔﺎﺗ‬

Hadhrat Ibn `Abbas (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said

while delivering sermon: "Then will be brought some men of my
followers who will be taken towards the left (i.e., to the Fire),
and I will say: 'O Lord! My companions whereupon Allah will say:
You do not know what they did after you left them. I will then
say as the pious slave (Jesus) said, “I have not said to them
anything but what You have ordered me to say, that is, Worship
Allah, my Lord and your Lord‘ and I was a witness over them as
long as I was with them. But when You recalled me, You were
the One watching over them. You are a witness over everything.
If You punish them, they are Your slaves after all, but if You
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 129

forgive them, You are the Mighty, the Wise.” [5.117-118]. The
narrator added: Then it will be said that those people renegaded
from Islam after you left them.' (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tafsir,
p. 791, No. 4625; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fadhayil, p. 1018, No.
2304/5996)

Had the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬been omnipresent and omniscient he

would not have mistaken them as his Companion.
These 6 hadiths establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is neither
omnipresent and omniscient nor the entire universe is before
him that he can see everything. Yes, he is alive in his grave with
his body and the salutations of people are presented before him
by the angels.
The issue of omnipresent and omniscient is related to beliefs,
therefore it must be based on a verse or an authentic Hadith, it
cannot be based on a dream and statement of some elders.
Bearing Witness in the Judgment Day does not Require to be
Omnipresent and Omniscient

Here we quote 3 verses from the Qur’an and tafseer of Hadhrat

Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding
the word ‘shahid’ which means that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will
witness in Judgment Day that he discharged his duties as
prophet and will witness that the prophets also discharged their
duties. So, the word ‘shahid’ means witness, not omnipresent
and omniscient.
There arises one question that ‘witnessing’ requires presence,
as it is not accepted without being present, so it will be
necessary to believe that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬knew all their
conditions. This objection is baseless. In fact, the Qur’an has
confirmed that all the prophets discharged their duties, so the
130 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will bear witness to this fact believing in the

Qur’an. Moreover, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬informed his Ummah that
all the prophets discharged their duties to their people, so
based on that information the Muslims also will witness that all
the prophets discharged their duties to their people. This does
not mean that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and the Ummah is present
everywhere.
ْ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ َو َﻣ َﻌ ُﮫ‬
‫اﻟﻠﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ " َﻳ ُء ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ، ‫ﻴﺪ‬
ٍ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺳ‬َ ‫ﻲ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ‬7
ْ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
َ ُ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ﱠ ﱡ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ﱡ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ََ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎل ﻟ ُﮫ َ ْﻞ َﺑﻠﻐ َﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺟﻞ و ِ ء اﻟﻨ ِ وﻣﻌﮫ اﻟﺮﺟﻼ ِن و ِ ء اﻟﻨ ِ وﻣﻌﮫ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ وأﻛ ِﻣﻦ ذ ِﻟﻚ وأﻗﻞ ﻓﻴﻘ‬
َ َ َ ُ ‫ َﻓ ُﻴ َﻘ‬. ‫ﺎل َ َﻞ َﺑ ﱠﻠ َﻐ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻓ َﻴ ُﻘ ُﻮﻟﻮ َن َﻻ‬
ُ ‫ َﻓ ُﻴ ْﺪ َ َﻗ ْﻮ ُﻣ ُﮫ َﻓ ُﻴ َﻘ‬. ‫َﻗ ْﻮ َﻣ َﻚ َﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل َ َﻌ ْﻢ‬
‫ﺎل َﻣ ْﻦ ﺷ ِﻬ َﺪ ﻟ َﻚ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٌﺪ‬
ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل َو َﻣﺎ ِﻋﻠ ُﻤ ُﻜ ْﻢ ِﺑﺬ ِﻟ َﻚ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮ َن‬. ‫ﺎل َ ْﻞ َﺑﻠ َﻎ َ ﺬا ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮ َن َﻌ ْﻢ‬ ُ ‫ َﻓ ُﺘ ْﺪ َ ُأ ﱠﻣ ُﺔ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ َﻓ ُﻴ َﻘ‬. ‫َو ُأ ﱠﻣ ُﺘ ُﮫ‬
ً ُ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ‫َ ْ َََ َ ﱡ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱡ ُ َ َ ْ َﱠ ُ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻓﺬ ِﻟﻜ ْﻢ ﻗ ْﻮﻟ ُﮫ َﻌﺎ َ}وﻛﺬ ِﻟ َﻚ َﺟ َﻌﻠ َﻨﺎﻛ ْﻢ أ ﱠﻣﺔ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫أﺧ ﻧﺎ ﻧ ِﺒ ﻨﺎ ِﺑﺬ ِﻟﻚ أن اﻟﺮﺳﻞ ﻗﺪ ﺑﻠﻐﻮا ﻓﺼﺪﻗﻨﺎﻩ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬،‫)ﺳ ن اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬. {‫ﻴﺪا‬ ً ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﺷﻬ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس َو َ ُ ﻮ َن ﱠ‬ ‫َو َﺳ ًﻄﺎ ﻟ َﺘ ُ ُﻮﻧﻮا ُﺷ َﻬ َﺪ َاء َﻋ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ
(4284 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،624 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ أﻣﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﷺ‬
It was narrated from Hadhrat Abu Sa’eed (raz) that the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “A Prophet will come
accompanied by two men, and a Prophet will come
accompanied by three, and (some will come) with more or less
than that. It will be said to him: ‘Did you convey the message to
your people?’ And he will say: ‘Yes.’ Then his people will be
called and it will be said: ‘Did he convey the message to you?’
They will say: ‘No.’ Then it will be said: ‘Who will bear witness
for you?’ He will say: ‘Muhammad and his nation.’ So the nation
of Muhammad will be called and it will be said: ‘Did this man
convey the message?’ They will say: ‘Yes.’ He will say: ‘How did
you know that?’ They will say: ‘Our Prophet told us that the
Messengers had conveyed the message, and we believed him.’
This is what Allah says: “Thus We have made you, a just (and the
best) nation, that you be witnesses over mankind and the
Messenger (Muhammad (‫ ))ﷺ‬be a witness over you.’” [2:143]
(Sunan Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Zuhd, p. 624, No. 4284
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 131

This Hadith says that the Ummah will witness based on the
information given by the Prophet (‫ ;)ﷺ‬this does not mean that
they are present everywhere.
The following Hadith also sheds light on the same issue:
ْ ُ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ُﻳ َﺠ ُﺎء ﺑ‬ ‫ْ ُ ْ ّ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
‫ﻮح َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬
ٍ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ِ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ، ‫ي‬
ِ ِ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻌ‬
ٍ ِ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﻲ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ‬8
َ ُ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ََُ
‫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل‬.‫ ﻓ ْﺴﺄ ُل أ ﱠﻣ ُﺘ ُﮫ َ ْﻞ َﺑﻠ َﻐﻜ ْﻢ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮ َن َﻣﺎ َﺟ َﺎء َﻧﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻧ ِﺬ ٍﻳﺮ‬.‫ﺎل ﻟ ُﮫ َ ْﻞ َﺑﻠ ْﻐ َﺖ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻌ ْﻢ َﻳﺎ َر ِ ّب‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ ْ ََ ُ َ ُ َ ُ ُ ُ ْ َ
‫ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻗ َﺮأ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬." ‫ ﻓ ُﻴ َﺠ ُﺎء ِﺑﻜ ْﻢ ﻓ ﺸ َﻬ ُﺪون‬.‫ﻮد َك ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٌﺪ َوأ ﱠﻣ ُﺘ ُﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺷﻬ‬
َ ُ َ
ً ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ ﺷﻬ‬ َ ُ
‫اﻟﻨﺎس َو َ ﻮن ﱠ‬ َ ُ ُ ً ً ُ ُ ْ
‫} َو َﻛ َﺬﻟ َﻚ َﺟ َﻌﻠ َﻨﺎﻛ ْﻢ أ ﱠﻣﺔ َو َﺳﻄﺎ ﻟ َﺘ ُﻮﻧﻮا ﺷ َﻬ َﺪ َاء َﻋ ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﺪا{ ) ﻴﺢ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
(3339 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،555 ‫ ص‬،11:25 ‫ وﻟﻘﺪ ارﺳﻠﻨﺎ ﻧﻮﺣﺎ ا ﻗﻮﻣ‬:‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻋﺰ و ﺟﻞ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
Hadhrat Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri (raz) narrated: Allah's Messenger
(‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Noah will be brought (before Allah) on the Day of
Resurrection, and will be asked, 'Did you convey the message of
Allah?" He will reply, 'Yes, O Lord.' And then Noah's nation will
be asked, 'Did he (Noah) convey Allah's message to you?' They
will reply, 'No warner came to us.' Then Noah will be asked,
'Who are your witnesses?' He will reply. '(My witnesses are)
Muhammad and his followers.' Thereupon you (Muslims) will be
brought and you will bear witness." Then the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
recited: “And thus We have made of you (Muslims) a just and
the best nation, that you might be witness over the nations, and
the Apostle a witness over you. [2.143]” (Sahih al-Bukhari, p.
555, No. 3339)
If we suppose that the word ‘shaheed’ implies the sense of
omnipresence and omniscience, then will result in believing
that the Ummah is also omnipresent and omniscient; since
Ummah was also called ‘shaheed’ in the Qur’an (00:00) in the
same sense. Similarly, the other communities of other prophets
also should be supposed to be so as the verse (00:00) also calls
them shaheed.
132 | Samarat al-Aqaid

In fact, the Qur’an has confirmed that the earlier prophets

conveyed the message of Allah to their people, so based on this
confirmation, the Ummah of the Prophet Muhamamd (‫ )ﷺ‬will
testify on Judgment Day that all the prophets conveyed the
divine message to their people, and the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬himself
will testify that all the prophets conveyed the message of Allah.
Here are some verses which say that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬send down
messengers in each community.
ْ ُ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬20
[24:54 ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ِل ِإﻻ اﻟ َﺒﻼغ اﻟ ُﻤ ِﺒ ُن ]اﻟﻨﻮر‬

“The duty of the Messenger is no more than to convey the

message clearly.” [24:54]
ْ ُ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬21
[29:18 ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ِل ِإﻻ اﻟ َﺒﻼغ اﻟ ُﻤ ِﺒ ُن ]اﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮت‬

“The messenger has no more obligation than to convey the

message clearly.” [29:18]
ْ ُ َََْ َْ ٌ َ ُ ‫ُ ْ َ ﱡ َ ْ ََُْ َ َ َ ً ُ ﱠ‬
[6:19 ‫ ﻗﻞ أي ٍء أﻛ ﺷ ﺎدة ﻗ ِﻞ اﻟﻠﮫ ﺷ ِ ﻴﺪ ﺑﻴ ِ و ﻨﻜﻢ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬22

“Say, Whose testimony is the greatest? Say, Allah is the witness

between me and you,” [6:19]
Based on these confirmations, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and his Ummah
will testify on the Day of Judgment that all the prophets
conveyed the message to their people and thus they did not
become omnipresent and omniscient.
Verses which Some Present as Proof for Hazir and Nazir

Some scholars have presented the following 3 verses to prove

Hazir and Nazir and have deducted that testimony is given on
the basis of being present at the spot, and the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will
testify for the previous prophets, so it implies that he is hazir
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 133

and nazir. Some people have translated the word ‘shahid’ in the
verse as ‘hazir’.
‫ل‬ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َْ َ َْ َ َ ْ ُ ََْ ً َ ً ُ َ ْ ُ َْ َْ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ن‬
‫ ِإﻧﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨﺎ ِإﻟﻴﻜﻢ رﺳﻮﻻ ﺷﺎ ِ ﺪا ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻛﻤﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨﺎ ِإ ِﻓﺮﻋﻮ رﺳﻮ ]اﻟﻤﺰﻣﻞ‬23
[73:15

“(O people,) We have sent to you a messenger, as a witness

over you, just as We sent a messenger to Firaun (Pharaoh).”
[73:15]
Here, the word ‘shahid’ means testimony of conveying the
message of Allah as it was explained in the Tafseer of Ibn Abbas,
since the second part of the verse compares it with sending
Musa (peace be upon him) to Fir’aun.
ْ ‫ََ ً َ ﱠ‬ ً ََ ً ّ َ ُ َ ً َ َ َ ْ َ َْ ‫َ َﱡَ ﱠ ﱡ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫ ود‬ ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟﻨ ِ ِإﻧﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨﺎك ﺷﺎ ِ ﺪا وﻣ ِﺸﺮا وﻧ ِﺬﻳﺮا‬24
‫اﻋﻴﺎ ِإ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِﻧ ِﮫ‬
ً ‫َوﺳ َﺮ‬
[33:45-46 ‫اﺟﺎ ُﻣ ِﻨ ً ا ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬ ِ

“O prophet, We have sent you as a witness and as a bearer of

good news and a warner, and as the one who calls (people)
towards Allah with His permission, and as a luminous lamp.”
[33:45-46]
Here also ‘shahid’ was translated as testimony of conveying the
message, as the Tafseer Ibn Abbas explains it with the same
(see: 33:45). The next verse says “as the one who calls (people)
towards Allah”, this also reaffirms the above-mentioned
meaning, not in the sense of hazir and nazir.
َ ّ َ َ َْ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬
[48:8 ‫ﺎك ﺷﺎ ِ ًﺪا َو ُﻣ َ ِﺸ ًﺮا َوﻧ ِﺬ ًﻳﺮا ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ ِإﻧﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨ‬25

“Indeed, We have sent you (O prophet,) as a witness and as a

bearer of good news and as a warner,” [48:8]
134 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Here also the word ‘shahid’ was explained in the Tafseer Ibn
Abbas as “witness to him Ummat by conveying the message”
(see: 48:8). This makes very clear that ‘shahid’ means bearing
witness to the delivering the message of Allah’ and it is not in
the sense of hazir and nazir.
Witnesses Will be Called from All Ummah, So can They be
Called Hazir and Nazir

If you establish the word ‘shahid’ that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was

hazir and nazir, then the individuals of the Ummah also would
be hazir and nazir as they will be witness over the followers of
other prophets; therefore it is not correct to establish that the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was hazir and nazir.
‫ َو َﻛ َﺬﻟ َﻚ َﺟ َﻌ ْﻠ َﻨ ُﺎﻛ ْﻢ ُأ ﱠﻣ ًﺔ َو َﺳ ًﻄﺎ ﻟ َﺘ ُ ُﻮﻧﻮا ُﺷ َ َﺪ َاء َﻋ َ ﱠ‬26
‫اﻟﻨﺎس َو َ ُ ﻮ َن ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل‬ ِ ِ ِ
[2:143 ‫ﻴﺪا ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ً ‫َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﺷ‬
ِ

“In the same way We made you a moderate Ummah

(community), so that you should be witnesses over the people,
and the Messenger a witness to you.” [2:143]
َُ َ ََ ً َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َْ ْ ْ ََْ ً َ ‫ََ ْ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ّ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ و ﻮم ﻧﺒﻌﺚ ِ ِﻞ أﻣ ٍﺔ ﺷ ِ ﻴﺪا ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ ِﻣﻦ أﻧﻔ ِﺴ ِ ﻢ و ِﺟﺌﻨﺎ ِﺑﻚ ﺷ ِ ﻴﺪا ﻋ ﺆﻻ ِء‬27
[16:89 ‫]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬

“And (think of) the day We shall send to every people a witness
from among them (to testify) against them, and We shall bring
you (O prophet) as witness against these.” [16:89]
ً َ َُ َ ََ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ َْ َ َ َْ ْ ُ ّ ُﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ِإذا ِﺟﺌﻨﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِﻞ أﻣ ٍﺔ ِ ﺸ ِ ﻴ ٍﺪ و ِﺟﺌﻨﺎ ِﺑﻚ ﻋ ﺆﻻ ِء ﺷ ِ ﻴﺪا ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬28
[4:41
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 135

“Then, how (awful a spectacle) would it be when We shall bring

a witness from every community, and shall bring you over them
as a witness.” [4:41]
[22:78 ‫ﺎس ]ا‬ ‫ﻴﺪا َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ُﻜ ْﻢ َو َﺗ ُ ُﻮﻧﻮا ُﺷ َ َﺪ َاء َﻋ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ ِﻟ َﻴ ُ ﻮ َن ﱠ‬29
ً ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل َﺷ‬
ِ ِ

“…so that the Messenger becomes a witness to you, and you

become witnesses to (other) people.” [22:78]
ً َ ‫ََْ َ َْ َ ُ ْ ُ ّ ُﱠ‬
[16:84 ‫ و ﻮم ﻧﺒﻌﺚ ِﻣﻦ ِﻞ أﻣ ٍﺔ ﺷ ِ ﻴﺪا ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬30

“(Remember) the Day on which We shall raise up a witness from

every people...” [16:84]
َُ ُ ْ َ ً َ ‫َََ َْ ْ ُ ّ ُﱠ‬
[28:75 ‫ﻴﺪا ﻓ ُﻘﻠ َﻨﺎ َ ﺎﺗﻮا ُﺑ ْﺮ َ ﺎﻧﻜ ْﻢ ]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬ ِ ‫ وﻧﺰﻋﻨﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِﻞ أﻣ ٍﺔ ﺷ‬31

“And We will draw out a witness from every community (to

prove their disbelief) and will say, Bring your proof...” [28:75]
These 6 verses mention that witnesses will be brought forth
from each Ummah, then can we believe that all these people
are also hazir and nazir?
Shahida Has Three Meanings

Therefore, this word should be differently translated according

to the context, so that it does not contradict to other verses.
(1) To be witness
(2) To be present and see
(3) To confirm the witnesses
(1) The first meaning is to give witness:
َ ْ َ ْ ٌ َ َ َ َ
[12:26 ‫ وﺷ ِ ﺪ ﺷﺎ ِ ﺪ ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻠ ﺎ ]ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬32
136 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“And a witness from her family gave witness” [12:26]

Here the word ‘shahida’ means to give witness, as the child from
Zulekha’s family did not see the Prophet Yusuf (peace be upon
him) in the room of Zulekha, thus this only means to give
witness.
(2) The second meaning is to be present:
‫ﻀ ْ َﻨﺎ إ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ْﻨ َﺖ ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬
َ‫اﻟﺸﺎ ﺪﻳﻦ‬ َ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ ﺑ َﺠﺎﻧﺐ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﺮ ّﻲ إ ْذ َﻗ‬33
ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫ﻣ‬ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
[28:44 ‫]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬

“And (O prophet,) you were not there at the Western side (of
the mount Tur) when We delegated the matter to Musa, nor
were you among those present.” [28:44]
Here the word ‘shahid’ means ‘present’.
The third meaning is to confirm the truth of the witnesses:
ً ‫ﻒ إ َذا ﺟ ْﺌ َﻨﺎ ﻣ ْﻦ ُ ّﻞ ُأ ﱠﻣﺔ َﺸ ﻴﺪ َوﺟ ْﺌ َﻨﺎ ﺑ َﻚ َﻋ َ َ ُﺆَﻻء َﺷ‬
‫ﻴﺪا ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬
َ ََْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﻜﻴ‬34
[4:41

“Then, how (awful a spectacle) would it be when We shall bring

a witness from every community, and shall bring you over them
as a witness.” [4:41]
According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the word ‘shaheed’ means that
confirming the truth i.e. the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬shall confirm that
whatever the Ummah has witnessed was true.
So, when this word has three different meanings, then a
suitable translation should be given according to the context, so
that it does not contradict to other verses.
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 137

These Hadiths Are Wrongly Considered to Prove Hazir and

Nazir

‫ ﻋﻦ ﺛﻮ ﺎن ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ إن اﻟﻠ زوی اﻷرض ﻓﺮأﻳﺖ ﻣﺸﺎرﻗﻬﺎ و ﻣﻐﺎر ﻬﺎ و إن أﻣ‬9
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻼک ﺬە اﻷﻣﺔ ﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺳ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﻠﮑﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ زوی ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
(7278/2889 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1250 ‫ص‬
Hadhrat Thauban (raz) reported that Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬
said: “Verily, Allah drew the ends of the world near me until I
saw its east and west, and surely my Ummah's authority shall
reach over all that was shown to me of it.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab
al-Fitan, p. 1250, No. 2889/7278)
This is mention of one of his miracles wherein the east and the
west was presented before him and he saw them. The word
‘zawa’ is a past verb which means that it was made so once;
otherwise has the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬been hazir and nazir, there
would have been no need to present the east and the west
before him. Therefore, this Hadith no where proves him to be
hazir and nazir. This Hadith just mentions one of the miracles of
the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
The second point to deliberate in the Hadith is that the earth
was presented before him, not the whole universe.
‫ ﻓﺎذا ﻣﺎت‬، ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ و )ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺎص( ﻗﺎل اﻟﺪﻧﯿﺎ ﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﻣﻦ و ﺟﻨﺔ اﻟ ﺎﻓﺮ‬10
‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﻼم ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬.‫ و اﻟﻠ اﻋﻠﻢ‬.‫اﻟﻤﻮﻣﻦ ﯾﺨ ﺑ ﺴﺮح ﺣﯿﺚ ﺷﺎء‬
(34722 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬، 57 ‫ص‬،7 ‫ ج‬،‫ﻋﻤﺮ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abdullah bin Umar

(Ibn Al-Aas), he said: “The world is a prison for of the believer
and paradise for the disbeliever. When a believer dies, he leaves
the world, and wanders wherever he wants. (Musannaf Ibn Abi
Shaybah, Kalam Abdullah Ibn Umar, vol. 7, p. 57, No. 34722)
138 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Herein the Sahabi says that a believer strolls where he wishes

after his death. Based on this statement, some have argued that
as the souls of the believers strolls here and there, in the same
way the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬also strolls around the world. But there
are several defects in this Hadith:
(1) This is not a Hadith, rather statement of a Sahabi and
this is not sufficient to prove a belief.
(2) When the world is like a prison for a believer and when
the soul of a believer was released from this prison after
death, then why will it go back to prison.
(3) The fact is that the soul of a believer strolls in the heaven
itself, as the other Hadiths mention that the souls of
martyrs fly around in the Paradise wherever they wish,
not in the world. The Hadith is as follows:

‫ )ﺳ ن‬.‫ا ﻨﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﮑﺔ‬ ‫ رأﯾﺖ ﺟﻌﻔﺮا ﯾﻄ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬11
(2763 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،855 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz), he

said: The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “I saw Ja'far flying with
the angels in Paradise. (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Manaqib,
Manaqib Ja'far ibn Talib, p. 855, No. 2763)
This Hadith says that Sayyidna Jafar (may Allah be pleased with
him) flies around in the Jannah where he wishes. Therefore, the
abovementioned statement of the Sahabi will imply that the
souls of believers will stroll in the Jannah, not in this world.
The following Hadith also clearly mentions that souls of martyrs
stroll in Jannah where they wishes, not in this world:
ُ ُ َ ‫َ َ ََ ْ ََﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ
‫ﻳﻦ ﻗ ِﺘﻠﻮا‬ ‫ } وﻻ ﺗﺤﺴ ن اﻟ ِﺬ‬،‫ﺎل َﺳﺄﻟ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﺒ َﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻮ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد َﻋ ْﻦ َ ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻵﻳ ِﺔ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﺴ ُﺮو ٍق‬12
ُ ‫ﺎل " َأ ْر َو‬
ْ ‫اﺣ ُﻬ‬
‫ﻢ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َأ َﻣﺎ إ ﱠﻧﺎ َﻗ ْﺪ َﺳ َﺄ ْﻟ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﻦ َذ ِﻟ َﻚ َﻓ َﻘ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َأ ْﻣ َﻮ ًاﺗﺎ َﺑ ْﻞ َأ ْﺣ َﻴ ٌﺎء ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َرّ ﻬ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْﺮ َز ُﻗﻮ َن{ َﻗ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ِ َﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ‬
ِ ِ ِِ
9 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 139

ْ َ َْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ٌ ‫َْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻞ ُﻣ َﻌﻠ َﻘﺔ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻌ ْﺮ ِش ْﺴ َﺮ ُح ِﻣ َﻦ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َﺣ ْﻴﺚ ﺷ َﺎء ْت ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﺗﺄ ِوي ِإ ِﺗﻠ َﻚ‬ ‫َﺟ ْﻮ ِف ﻃ ٍ ﺧﻀ ٍﺮ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﻨ ِﺎد‬
ْ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﺑﯿﺎن أن أرواح اﻟﺸﻬﺪاء ا ﻨﺔ و أﻧ ﻢ أﺣﯿﺎء ﻋﻨﺪ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﻣﺎرة‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫اﻟ َﻘ َﻨ ِﺎد ِﻳﻞ‬
(4885/1887 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،845 ‫ ص‬،‫ر ﻢ ﯾﺮزﻗﻮن‬

It has been narrated on the authority of Masruq Who said: We

asked 'Abdullah ibn Masood about the Qur'anic verse: "Think
not of those who are slain in Allah's way as dead. Nay, they are
alive, finding their sustenance in the presence of their Lord.”
[3:169]. He said: We asked the meaning of the verse (from the
Holy Prophet) who said: The souls, of the martyrs live in the
bodies of green birds who have their nests in chandeliers hung
from the throne of the Almighty. They eat the fruits of Paradise
from wherever they like and then nestle in these chandeliers.

The following Hadith also proves that soul of a believer stroll in

Jannah:
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ َ ‫ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َأ ْﺧ َ َ ُﻩ َأ ﱠن َأ َﺑ ُﺎﻩ‬،‫ﺼﺎر ّي‬ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻧ‬
‫ﺎن ُﻳ َﺤ ِّﺪث أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤ ِﻦ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻛﻌ ٍﺐ‬13
ُ َ ْ َ ُ ُْ َ ٌ َ ُْْ ُ َ َ َ َ‫َ َ ﱠ‬
‫َ ِﺮ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َﺣ ﱠ َﻳ ْﺮ ِﺟ َﻊ ِإ َﺟ َﺴ ِﺪ ِﻩ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ُﻳ ْﺒ َﻌﺚ‬ ِ ‫ " ِإﻧﻤﺎ ﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻦ ﻃ ِﺎﺋﺮ ﻌﻠﻖ‬: ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ ﺑﻘﯿﺔ‬،‫؛ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬4271 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،622 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﻘ و اﻟﺒ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬."
(15777 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،57 ‫ ص‬،25 ‫ ج‬،‫ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﮐﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﮏ اﻻﻧﺼﺎري‬

It was narrated from ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Ka’b Al-Ansari that his

father used to narrate that the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“The believer’s soul is a bird that eats from the trees of Paradise,
until it will be returned to his body on the Day when he is
resurrected.” Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Zuhd, p. 622, No. 4271;
Musnad Ahmad, Hadith Ka’ab bin Malik al-Ansari, v. 25, p. 57,
No. 15777)

This Hadith clearly mentions that soul of a believer strolls in

Jannah, not in the world. Rather, it is one of the beliefs of Hindus
that souls of dead people roam around in the world.
140 | Samarat al-Aqaid

These were 34 verses from the Qur’an and 13 Hadiths in total.

Hindus Believe that the Deities are Omnipresent and
Omniscient

The Hindus believe that their ancestors, priests and deities are
omnipresent (present everywhere) and omniscient (see
everything), even they are present inside the idols and listen to
their calls, they see them and help them. This is the reason that
the Hindus install their status and seek help from them.
Otherwise, they know that these earthen idols have no souls,
but they believe that their deities are present inside the idols
and listen to their calls; therefore they prostrate before them
and offer their prayers to them.
So, Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬very clearly mentioned in the 5 verses mentioned
above that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not present at those places, so
that people do not pray to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬believing in him as
omnipresent and omniscient. This is a very important point to
ponder upon.
 | 141

09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul

Allah alone is the Mukhtar-e-Kul. However, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given

so many authorities and he would be given so many authorities in the
hereafter which are more than anyone else from those passed and
those shall come in future. But all these are some authorities, not all,
as all authorities belong to Allah alone.

We shall quote 36 verses and 9 Hadiths regarding this belief, the

details of which are as follows:

Authorities are of Four Types

(1) Allah has full authority over everything eternally, this

authority is exclusive to Allah alone.
(2) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given so many authorities by Allah in this
world.
(3) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would be given four special authorities on
the Day of Judgment.
(4) Whether the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has authority to give cure, provide
livelihood, give harm or benefit to anyone?

(1) Allah Alone Has Full Authority Eternally

Allah is present everywhere as per His knowledge, this is established

by several verses:

ٌ َ ْ َ ّ ُ ََ َ ُ َ ْ َ ّ ُ ُ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
[39:62 ‫ اﻟﻠﮫ ﺧ ِﺎﻟﻖ ِﻞ ٍء و ﻮ ﻋ ِﻞ ٍء و ِﻛﻴﻞ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬1

“Allah is Creator of everything, and He is the Guardian over

everything.” [39:62]
142 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ُ َ ُ ‫َ ُ ﱠ‬
[40:62 ‫ ذ ِﻟﻜ ُﻢ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َرﱡ ﻜ ْﻢ ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ُﻖ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬2

“This is Allah, your Lord, the Creator of everything.” [40:62]

ٌ ‫ إ ﱠن َرﱠ َﻚ َﻓ ﱠﻌ‬3
[11:107 ‫ﺎل ِﻟ َﻤﺎ ُﻳ ِﺮ ﺪ ] ﻮد‬ ِ
“Surely, your Lord does what He intends.” [11:107]

ُ َ ْ ‫ ُذو ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺮش ا‬4

ٌ ‫ َﻓ ﱠﻌ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ‬
[85:16-17 ‫ﺎل ِﻟ َﻤﺎ ُﻳ ِﺮ ُﺪ ]اﻟ وج‬ ِ ِ
“…the Master of the Throne, the Glorious. He is ever doer of what He
intends.” [85:16-17]

ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫ُ ﱠ ُ َ ُ ُ ّ َ ْ َ ُ َﻮ ْاﻟ َﻮاﺣ ُﺪ ْاﻟﻘ‬

[13:16 ‫ﺎر ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬ ِ ‫ ﻗ ِﻞ اﻟﻠﮫ ﺧ ِﺎﻟﻖ ِﻞ ٍء و‬5

“Say, Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the All-
Dominant.” [13:16]

These verses say clearly that Allah alone has eternally full authority
over everything and such an authority is not achieved by anyone
except Him.

(2) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Assigned Many Authorities in this

World

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given authorities to live a normal life, and to

propagate the commandments of Allah, of which the four authorities
were special:

َ‫اﻷ ّﻣ ّﻴ َن َر ُﺳ ًﻮﻻ ﻣ ْ ُ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺘ ُﻠﻮ َﻋ َﻠ ْ ْﻢ َآ َﻳﺎ ِﺗ ِﮫ َو ُ َﺰ ِّﻛ ْﻢ َو ُ َﻌ ِ ّﻠ ُﻤ ُ ُﻢ ْاﻟ ِﻜ َﺘﺎب‬

ُْ َ َ َ ‫ُ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻮ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻌﺚ‬6
ََ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ْ
[62:2 ‫ﺿﻼ ٍل ُﻣ ِﺒ ٍن ]ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫َوا ِ ﻜ َﻤﺔ َو ِ ْن ﺎﻧﻮا ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻗ ْﺒ ُﻞ ﻟ ِﻔﻲ‬
09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 143

“He is the One who raised amidst the unlettered people a messenger
from among themselves who recites to them His verses, and purifies
them, and teaches them the Book and the wisdom, while they were
earlier in open error.” [62:2]
َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ َّ ُ َ َ ََ ْ َْ َ ُْ َ ْ ُْ ً ُ َ ْ ْ
‫ َرﱠ َﻨﺎ َوا ْ َﻌﺚ ِﻓ ِ ﻢ رﺳﻮﻻ ِﻣ ﻢ ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ آﻳﺎ ِﺗﻚ و ﻌ ِﻠﻤ ﻢ اﻟ ِﻜﺘﺎب وا ِ ﻜﻤﺔ‬7
ُ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َْ َ ‫َُ َّ ْ ﱠ‬
[2:129 ‫و ﺰ ِﻛ ِ ﻢ ِإﻧﻚ أﻧﺖ اﻟﻌ ِﺰ ﺰ ا ِﻜﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“And, our Lord, raise in their midst a Messenger from among them,
who should recite to them Your verses, and teach them the Book and
the wisdom, and cleanse them of all impurities.” [2:129]

According to these verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was assigned four duties:

(1) to recite the Qur’an (2) to teach the Qur’an (3) to educate wisdom
(4) to purify the believers. So, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has all these
authorities.

ً ُ ً َ َ ْ ‫ََ ً َ ﱠ‬
[33:46 ‫اﻋﻴﺎ ِإ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِﻧ ِﮫ و ِﺳﺮاﺟﺎ ﻣ ِﻨ ا ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬
ِ ‫ ود‬8

“…And We sent down the Reminder (The Qur‘an) to you, so that you
explain to the people what has been revealed for them, and so that
they may ponder.” [33:46]
َ ُْ ّ ‫ َﻳﺎ َأ ﱡ َ ﺎ ﱠ‬9
[5:67 ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل َﺑ ِﻠ ْﻎ َﻣﺎ أﻧ ِﺰ َل ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ َرِّ َﻚ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“O Messenger, convey all that has been sent down to you from your
Lord.” [5:67]

َ ُ ‫َ ُ ّ َل َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ّ َ ُ َ ْ ّ َ ْ َ َ َْ َْ َ
‫ﺎس ﻣﺎ ﻧ ِﺰ ِإﻟ ِ ﻢ وﻟﻌﻠ ﻢ ﻳﺘﻔﻜﺮون ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﺬﻛﺮ ِﻟﺘﺒ ِ ن ِﻟﻠﻨ‬ِ ‫ وأﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎ ِإﻟﻴﻚ‬10
[16:44

“… and to explain to you some of those matters in which you differ.

So, fear Allah, and obey me” [43:63]
144 | Samarat al-Aqaid

These verses mention that he was given special authorities to

propagate religion, to communicate the commandments and to
execute them in the society. Besides, he was given many other
authorities.

(3) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Would be Given Four Special Authorities

on Judgment Day

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would be given many other authorities on Judgment

Day and four out of them are special to him:

1. Authority for greater intercession

2. Authority for lesser intercession

3. Authority to chant praise of Allah

4. Authority to offer drinks on Haudh al-Kawthar

1. Authority for Greater Intercession

Greater Intercession (al-Shifa’at al-Kubra) means that the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

would plead to Allah on Judgment Day to start reckoning, as none
other than him will be ready to intercede Allah due to fear of Him.

‫ ﻋﻦ ا ﺲ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﯾﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻠ اﻟﻨﺎس ﯾﻮم اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﯿﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻟﻮ اﺳ ﺸﻔﻌﻨﺎ ﻋ‬1
‫ و اﺷﻔﻊ ﺸﻔﻊ‬،‫ و ﻗﻞ ﺴﻤﻊ‬، ‫ ارﻓﻊ رأﺳﮏ و ﺳﻞ ﻌﻄ‬: ‫ر ﻨﺎ ﺣ ﯾﺮ ﺤﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣ ﺎﻧﻨﺎ ․․․․․ﺛﻢ ﯾﻘﺎل‬
‫ ﺛﻢ اﺷﻔﻊ ﻓﯿﺤﺪ ﺣﺪا ﺛﻢ اﺧﺮﺟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎر و ادﺧﻠﻬﻢ‬، ‫ﻓﺎرﻓﻊ رأ ﻓﺄﺣﻤﺪ ر ﯽ ﺑﺘﺤﻤﯿﺪ ﻌﻠﻤ‬
.‫ا ﻨﺔ ﺛﻢ اﻋﻮد ﻓﺎﻗﻊ ﺳﺎﺟﺪا ﻣﺜﻠ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ او اﻟﺮا ﻌﺔ ﺣ ﻣﺎ ﯾﺒﻘﯽ اﻟﻨﺎر اﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺣ ﺴ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
(6565 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ و اﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری‬

It is on the authority of Hadhrat Anas (raz) that the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Allah will gather the people on the Day of Resurrection. The
people will say: If someone had interceded for our Lord, we would
09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 145

have been saved from the misery of this place…… Then, it will be said
to me, raise your head, ask, you will be given, say, your word will be
heard, intercede, your intercession will be accepted, I will raise my
head, and praise Allah in such a way that Allah will teach me, then I
will intercede, the intercession will be accepted to some extent, then
I will take them out of the fire and admit them to Paradise, then I will
prostrate again as before, (then I will prostrate for the third time, then
for the fourth time). Then only those whom the Qur'an has decreed
to keep in Hell (i.e. disbelieves) will remain in Hell.” (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Riqaq, Attributes of Paradise and Fire, p. 1136, No. 6565)

This Hadith mentions three specialties of him: (1) Greater intercession

(2) Chanting praise for Allah (3) Lesser intercession

2. Authority for Lesser Intercession

ّ ُ ٌ َ ُ َ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﻨﺎ َأ‬2
‫ﺎل " ِﻟ ِ ّﻞ ﻧ ِ ّ ٍ َد ْﻋ َﻮة َد َﻋﺎ َ ﺎ ﻷ ﱠﻣ ِﺘ ِﮫ َو ِ ِ ﻲ‬‫ أ ﱠن ﻧ ِ ﱠ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬،‫ﺲ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ‬
ْ ُ ً َ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ََْ ْ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﺧﺘﺒﺎء اﻟﻨ دﻋﻮة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺎﻋﺔ ﻷ ﱠﻣ ِ َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺒﺄت دﻋﻮ ِ ﻲ ﺷﻔ‬
(494/200 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،106 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ ﻷﻣﺘ‬

Hadhrat Anas b. Malik reported that the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

“There is for every apostle a prayer with which he prays (to Allah) for
his Ummah. I have reserved my prayer for the intercession of my
Ummah on the Day of Resurrection.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p.
106, No. 200/494)

This Hadith mentions lesser intercession which will also be granted to

the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

But he will not intercede without the permission of Allah, as the

Qur’an says:

ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫َ ﱠ‬
[2:255 ‫ َﻣ ْﻦ ذا اﻟ ِﺬي َ ﺸ َﻔ ُﻊ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻩ ِإﻻ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِﻧ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬11
146 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Who can intercede with Him without His permission?” [2:255]

ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[10:3 ‫ َﻣﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺷ ِﻔ ٍﻴﻊ ِإﻻ ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ْﻌ ِﺪ ِإذ ِﻧ ِﮫ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬12

“There is no one who could intercede before Him, except after His
permission.” [10:3]

3. Authority to Chant Praise of Allah

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would be given authority to chant praise of Allah in

a way that none would have been given such authority except him.

‫ ﻋﻦ ا ﺲ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﯾﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻠ اﻟﻨﺎس ﯾﻮم اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﯿﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻟﻮ اﺳ ﺸﻔﻌﻨﺎ ﻋ‬3
‫ و اﺷﻔﻊ ﺸﻔﻊ‬،‫ و ﻗﻞ ﺴﻤﻊ‬، ‫ ارﻓﻊ رأﺳﮏ و ﺳﻞ ﻌﻄ‬: ‫ر ﻨﺎ ﺣ ﯾﺮ ﺤﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣ ﺎﻧﻨﺎ ․․․․․ﺛﻢ ﯾﻘﺎل‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ و اﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری‬. ‫ﻓﺎرﻓﻊ رأ ﻓﺄﺣﻤﺪ ر ﯽ ﺑﺘﺤﻤﯿﺪ ﻌﻠﻤ‬
(6565 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ص‬

It is on the authority of Hadhrat Anas (raz) that the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Allah will gather the people on the Day of Resurrection. The
people will say: If someone had interceded for our Lord, we would
have been saved from the misery of this place…… Then, it will be said
to me, raise your head, ask, you will be given, say, your word will be
heard, intercede, your intercession will be accepted, I will raise my
head, and praise Allah in such a way that Allah will teach me.” (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Riqaq, Attributes of Paradise and Fire, p. 1136, No.
6565)

4. Authority to Offer Drink at Haudh al-Kawthar

‫ﺾ‬ُ ‫ َﻣ ُﺎؤ ُﻩ َأ ْﺑ َﻴ‬،‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﺣ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺴ َ ُة َﺷ ْﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﻤﺮو َﻗ‬
‫َ َ َُْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ‬4
ٍ ِ ِ ٍ
َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ َو ِﻛ َ ُاﻧ ُﮫ ﻛ ُﻨ ُﺠﻮم ﱠ‬،‫ َور ُﺤ ُﮫ أﻃ َﻴ ُﺐ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻤ ْﺴ ِﻚ‬،‫اﻟﻠ َ ن‬
." ‫ َﻣ ْﻦ ﺷ ِﺮ َب ِﻣ ْﻨ َﻬﺎ ﻓﻼ َﻳﻈ َﻤﺄ أ َﺑ ًﺪا‬،‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ ِﺎء‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ‬
(6579 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1138 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ا ﻮض‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬،‫) ﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 147

Hadhrat `Abdullah bin `Amr (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
"My Lake-Fount is (so large that it takes) a month's journey to cross
it. Its water is whiter than milk, and its smell is nicer than musk (a kind
of Perfume), and its drinking cups are (as numerous) as the (number
of) stars of the sky; and whoever drinks from it, will never be thirsty.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Riqaq, p. 1138, No. 6579)

(4) None Has Authority to Harm and Benefit Except Allah

One of the authorities is to give harm and benefit, to give children,

cure, livelihood, death, life, rain and famine. None has authority to do
it, except Allah, and even the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬had no authority over all
these things.

َ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ‬

‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬13
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ٌ ُ ٌ َ ‫َ ﱠ َ َ ََ ﱠ‬
[46:9 ‫ِإ وﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬﻳﺮ ﻣ ِﺒ ن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬

“Say, .I am not something unprecedented among the messengers,

and I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”
[46:9]

This verse clearly says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬does not know what Allah
will do to him, so how authority can be established for him.

ْ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َأ َﺣ ٌﺪ َو َﻟﻦ‬
‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ّ ْ ُ ً َ َ ََ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ ّ ْ ُ
ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻟﻦ ﻳ ِﺠ ِ ﻲ ِﻣﻦ‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺿﺮا وﻻ رﺷﺪا‬14
ً َ َ ُْ ُ ْ َ َ
[72:21-22 ‫أ ِﺟﺪ ِﻣﻦ دو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﺘﺤﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬

“Say, I possess no power to cause you any harm or bring you to a right
way. Say, No one can ever save me from Allah, and I can never find a
refuge save with Him.” [72:21-22]

So, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has not got these authorities as well, as the verses
mentioned above say.
148 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare that he Has no Authority

to Harm and Benefit

As the Qur’an says:

ُ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ً ََ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
[7:188 ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ وﻻ ﺿﺮا ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠﮫ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬15

“Say, I have no power to bring a benefit or a harm to myself, except

that which Allah wills.” [7:188]

‫َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
[10:49 ‫ﺿﺮا َوﻻ ﻧ ْﻔ ًﻌﺎ ِإﻻ َﻣﺎ ﺷ َﺎء اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬ ْ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻻ َأ ْﻣﻠ ُﻚ ﻟ َﻨ‬16
‫ﻔ‬
ِ ِ ِ

“Say, I have no power to bring a harm or a benefit to myself, except

what Allah wills.” [10:49]

ً َ َ ُ ْ ُ ََ َّ ُ ْ َ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ‬
[72:20 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أدﻋﻮ رِ ﻲ وﻻ أﺷ ِﺮك ِﺑ ِﮫ أﺣﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬17

“Say, I possess no power to cause you any harm or bring you to a right
way.” [72:20]

ً َ ُْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ََ ٌ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ّ ُ
[72:22 ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻟ ْﻦ ُﻳ ِﺠ َ ِ ﻲ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﺣﺪ وﻟﻦ أ ِﺟﺪ ِﻣﻦ دو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﺘﺤﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬18
َ

“Say, No one can ever save me from Allah, and I can never find a
refuge save with Him.” [72:22]

َ َْ َ ُ َ ُ ُ ُ
[10:15 ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ َﻳ ﻮن ِ أ ْن أ َﺑ ِّﺪﻟ ُﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﺗﻠﻘ ِﺎء ﻧ ْﻔ ِ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬19

“Say, It is not possible for me to make changes in it on my own.”

[10:15]

َ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ‬

‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬20
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ََ ﱠ‬ َ
[46:9 ‫ِإ ﱠ َو َﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬ ٌﻳﺮ ُﻣ ِﺒ ٌن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬
09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 149

“Say, I am not something unprecedented among the messengers,

and I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”
[46:9]

In these 6 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to proclaim that he has

no power or authority, then how he can be believed to be Mukhtar-
e-Kul.

Verses which Establish that the Porphet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not Granted

many Powers
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َْ
[2:272 ‫ﺲ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻚ ُ َﺪا ُ ْﻢ َوﻟ ِﻜ ﱠﻦ اﻟﻠ َﮫ َ ْ ِﺪي َﻣ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ‫ ﻟ‬21

“It is not for you to put them on the right path. Rather, Allah puts on
the right path whom He wills.” [2:272]

َ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َ ْ ﺪي َﻣ ْﻦ َ َﺸ ُﺎء َو ُ َﻮ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ ﺑ ْﺎﻟ ُﻤ ْ َﺘﺪﻳﻦ‬

‫ﱠ َ َ َْ َ ْ َ ْ َْ َ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ِإﻧﻚ ﻻ ِﺪي ﻣﻦ أﺣﺒ ﺖ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ‬22
ِ ِ ِ
[28:56 ‫]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬

“You cannot give guidance to whomsoever you wish, but Allah gives
guidance to whomsoever He wills, and He best knows the ones who
are on the right path.” [28:56]

These verses say that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has no power to give guidance
to anyone, rather only Allah has this power, then how the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
can be Mukhtar-e-Kul.

َ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ّ َ ‫ََ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[18:23-24 ‫ ِإﻻ أن ﺸﺎء ]اﻟﻜ ﻒ‬ ‫ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ذ ِﻟ َﻚ ﻏ ًﺪا‬
َ
ِ ‫ وﻻ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻦ ِﻟ ْ ٍء ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻓ‬23

“And never say about anything, I will do this tomorrow, unless (you
say - if Allah wills.” [18:23-24]
150 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ َ ّ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ ْ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ
‫ﻮب َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ أ ْو ُ َﻌ ِﺬ َ ُ ْﻢ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠ ُ ْﻢ ﻇ ِﺎﻟ ُﻤﻮن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬‫ ﻟ ﺲ ﻟﻚ ِﻣﻦ اﻷﻣ ِﺮ ء أو ﻳﺘ‬24
[3:128

“You have no authority in the matter, unless Allah forgives them or

punishes them, as they are unjust.” [3:128]
َْ َ َْ ٌ َْ ُ َْ َ َ َْ
[82:19 ‫ﺲ ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َواﻷ ْﻣ ُﺮ َﻳ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ ِل ]اﻹﻧﻔﻄﺎر‬
ٍ ‫ ﻳﻮم ﻻ ﺗﻤ ِﻠﻚ ﻧﻔﺲ ِﻟﻨﻔ‬25
“A Day when no one will have power to do any thing for another! And
command, on that Day, will belong to Allah (alone).” [82:19]

ْ‫ﻳﻦ َآ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا َأ ْن َ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻐﻔ ُﺮوا ﻟ ْﻠ ُﻤ ْﺸﺮﻛ َن َو َﻟ ْﻮ َ ُﺎﻧﻮا ُأو ُﻗ ْﺮَ ﻰ ﻣﻦ‬

َ ‫ﺎن ﻟ ﱠﻠﻨ ّ َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬
َ َ ‫ َﻣﺎ‬26
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
[9:113 ‫ﻌ ِﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺒ ن ﻟ ﻢ أ ﻢ أ ﺎب ا ِ ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬

“It is not (permissible) for the Prophet and the believers to seek
forgiveness for the Mushriks, even if they are kinsmen, after it
became clear to them that they are the people of hell.” [9:113]

‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ لَ ْ َْ َ ََ ﱠ ْ ﱠ‬
[13:38 ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺎن ِﻟﺮﺳﻮ ٍ أن ﻳﺄ ِ ﻲ ِﺑﺂﻳ ٍﺔ ِإﻻ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬27

“It is not for a messenger to bring a verse without the will of Allah.”
[13:38]

Contemplate in these 7 verses and see that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not
given authority on all these things, so how he can be called Mukhtar-
e-Kul.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has No Power to Pass a Ruling without the Will

of Allah

There are some verses which even describe that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was
not allowed to pass a ruling in matters without the will of Allah.
09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 151
َ َ َ ْ َ ََْ َ َ ُ ‫َ َﱡَ ﱠ ﱡ َ ُ َ ّ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[66:1 ‫ﺿﺎة أ ْز َو ِاﺟ َﻚ ]اﻟﺘﺤﺮﻢ‬ ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟﻨ ِ ِﻟﻢ ﺗﺤ ِﺮم ﻣﺎ أﺣﻞ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟﻚ ﺗ ﺘ ِ ﻣﺮ‬28

“O Prophet, why do you ban (on your self) something that Allah has
made lawful for you, seeking to please your wives?” [66:1]
َْ َ ُْ ‫ّ َ ْ َُ َ َُ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َﻣﺎ‬29
ْ
ِ ‫ٍ أن ﻳ ﻮن ﻟﮫ أﺳﺮى ﺣ ﻳﺜ ِﺨﻦ ِ اﻷر‬
[8:67 ‫ض ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل‬ ‫ﺎن ِﻟ َ ِﻨ‬

“It is not befitting a prophet that he has captives with him unless he
has subdued the enemy by shedding blood in the land.” [8:67]

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬had decided to accept expiations from the prisoners

of Badr War, but this was against the will of Allah, so he was informed
of it by Allah.

In these two verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not allowed to pass a

decision without the will of Allah, so how can he be called Mukhtar-
e-Kul?

Whatever the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Did was with the Permission of

Allah

The Qur’an says:

‫َ َ َْ َ َْ ْ َ ُ ل ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ ﱠ‬
[4:64 ‫ﺎع ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬‫ وﻣﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨﺎ ِﻣﻦ رﺳﻮ ٍ ِإﻻ ِﻟﻴﻄ‬30

“We did not send any Messenger but to be obeyed by the leave of
Allah.” [4:64]

ٌ َ َ َ ّ ُ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ َْ َ ََ ﱠ ْ ﱠ‬
[13:38 ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺎن ِﻟﺮﺳﻮ ٍل أن ﻳﺄ ِ ﻲ ِﺑﺂﻳ ٍﺔ ِإﻻ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻟ ِﻞ أﺟ ٍﻞ ِﻛﺘﺎب ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬31

“t is not for a messenger to bring a verse without the will of Allah. For
every age there are some rules prescribed.” [13:38]
152 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫َ ْ َ ﱠ ْ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ‬32
[40:78 ‫ﺎن ِﻟ َﺮ ُﺳﻮ ٍل أ ْن َﻳﺄ ِ َﻲ ِﺑﺂ َﻳ ٍﺔ ِإﻻ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬

“And it is not up to a messenger that he could come up with a sign

without permission from Allah.” [40:78]

ْ ّ َ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ ُ‫َ ٌ َْ َْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱡ‬
‫ﻮر ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن ِر ِ ﻢ ]إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ‬
ِ ‫ﺎت ِإ اﻟﻨ‬
ِ ‫ ِﻛﺘﺎب أﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎﻩ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ِﻟﺘﺨ ِﺮج اﻟﻨﺎس ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻈﻠﻤ‬33
[14:1

“This is a book We have sent down to you, so that you may deliver
the people, with the will of their Lord,” [14:1]

‫ََ ً َ ﱠ‬
ً ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺑﺈ ْذﻧﮫ َوﺳ َﺮ‬
[33:46 ‫اﺟﺎ ُﻣ ِﻨ ً ا ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫اﻋﻴﺎ ِإ‬
ِ ‫ ود‬34

“and as the one who calls (people) towards Allah with His permission,
and as a luminous lamp.” [33:46]

These 5 verses clearly describe that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given many
powers, but with the permission of Allah.

Allah’s Power is Endless, so how can this be Achieved by the

Prophet (‫?)ﷺ‬

Allah is Wajib al-Wujood (……), His power is limitless, while the

Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has a limited life, so how he can get limitless powers, this
is impossible; therefore the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is not Mukhtar-e-Kul, though
he had been given some powers and authorities in this world and the
hereafter.

Here are some verses which mention that Allah does whatever He
wishes:

ٌ ‫ َرﱡ َﻚ إ ﱠن َرﱠ َﻚ َﻓ ﱠﻌ‬35

[11:107 ‫ﺎل ِﻟ َﻤﺎ ُﻳ ِﺮ ُﺪ ] ﻮد‬ ِ
09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 153

“Surely, your Lord does what He intends.” [11:107]

ُ َ ْ ‫ ُذو ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺮش ا‬36

ٌ ‫ َﻓ ﱠﻌ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ‬
[85:15-16 ‫ﺎل ِﻟ َﻤﺎ ُﻳ ِﺮ ُﺪ ]اﻟ وج‬ ِ ِ
“the Master of the Throne, the Glorious. He is ever doer of what He
intends.” [85:15-16]

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has no such absolute power, only Allah has such
power and authority.

These 36 verses establish the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was assigned many

authorities in this world and he shall be given many authorities in the
world hereafter, and such authorities were neither given to anyone in
the past nor shall be given to anyone in future too. But, in spite of all,
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is not Mukhtar-e-Kul and neither has power to cause
harm and benefit.

Hadiths Establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Does Have Absolute

Authority

Here are some Hadiths:

‫ ․․․․ ﯾﺎ أم اﻟﺰ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﻮام ﻋﻤﺔ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﯾﺎ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺑ ﺖ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة أن اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل‬5
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ ﺳﻼ ﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺷ ﺘﻤﺎ‬،‫ ﻻ أﻣﻠﮏ ﻟﮑﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ﺷ ﺌﺎ‬، ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﺷ ﯾﺎ أﻧﻔﺴﮑﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ‬
(3527 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،594 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ اﻧ ﺴﺐ إ آﺑﺎﺋ اﻹﺳﻼم و ا ﺎ ﻠﯿﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬: O mother
of Az-Zubair bin Al-Awwam, the aunt of Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬, and O
Fatima bint Muhammad! Buy yourselves from Allah, for I cannot
defend you before Allah. You (both) can ask me from my property as
much as you like." (Sahih al-Bukhari, p. 594, No. 3527)

َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ َْ ُ ََ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِﺣ َن أﻧ َﺰ َل اﻟﻠ ُﮫ } َوأﻧ ِﺬ ْر َﻋ ِﺸ َ ﺗ َﻚ‬ ‫ﺎل ﻗ َﺎم َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ أن أﺑﺎ ﺮ ﺮة‬6
ْ ُ َ ََ ًْ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ ُْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ُ ‫ﺻﻔ ﱠﻴ ُﺔ َﻋ ﱠﻤﺔ َر‬ َ
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻗ َﺮ َن{ … َو َ ﺎ‬
‫ﺎﻃ َﻤﺔ ِﺑ َﺖ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ َﺳ ِﻠ ِﻴ‬ َْ
ِ ‫ﻋﻨ ِﻚ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺷ ﺌﺎ و ﺎ ﻓ‬ ِ ‫ﻏ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ، ‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻠ‬
ِ ِ ‫ل‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺳ‬ ِ ِ
154 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َُ ْ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻞ ﯾﺪﺧﻞ اﻟ ﺴﺎء و اﻟﻮﻟﺪ‬،‫ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ) ." ‫ ﻻ أﻏ ِ َﻋ ْﻨ ِﻚ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ‬، ِ ‫َﻣﺎ ِﺷ ِﺖ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣﺎ‬
(2753 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،455 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻻﻗﺎرب‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬got up

when the verse: 'And warn your tribe of near kindred...." [26.214] was
revealed and said: … O Safiya, (the aunt of Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬, I
cannot save you from Allah (if you disobey Him). O Fatima, the
daughter of Muhammad! Ask what you wish from my property, but I
cannot save you from Allah (if you disobey Him).” (Sahih al-Bukhari,
p. 455, No. 2753)

These two hadiths say that he cannot be of any help on Judgment Day,
yes for believers he will intercede with Allah’s permission.

‫ ﻋﻦ ا ﺲ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﯾﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻠ اﻟﻨﺎس ﯾﻮم اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﯿﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻟﻮ اﺳ ﺸﻔﻌﻨﺎ ﻋ‬7
‫ و اﺷﻔﻊ ﺸﻔﻊ‬،‫ و ﻗﻞ ﺴﻤﻊ‬، ‫ ارﻓﻊ رأﺳﮏ و ﺳﻞ ﻌﻄ‬: ‫ر ﻨﺎ ﺣ ﯾﺮ ﺤﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣ ﺎﻧﻨﺎ ․․․․․ﺛﻢ ﯾﻘﺎل‬
‫ ﺛﻢ اﺷﻔﻊ ﻓﯿﺤﺪ ﺣﺪا ﺛﻢ اﺧﺮﺟﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎر و ادﺧﻠﻬﻢ‬، ‫ﻓﺎرﻓﻊ رأ ﻓﺄﺣﻤﺪ ر ﯽ ﺑﺘﺤﻤﯿﺪ ﻌﻠﻤ‬
.‫ا ﻨﺔ ﺛﻢ اﻋﻮد ﻓﺎﻗﻊ ﺳﺎﺟﺪا ﻣﺜﻠ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ او اﻟﺮا ﻌﺔ ﺣ ﻣﺎ ﯾﺒﻘﯽ اﻟﻨﺎر اﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺣ ﺴ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
(6565 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ و اﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری‬

It is on the authority of Hadhrat Anas (raz) that the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Allah will gather the people on the Day of Resurrection. The
people will say: If someone had interceded for our Lord, we would
have been saved from the misery of this place…… Then, it will be said
to me, raise your head, ask, you will be given, say, your word will be
heard, intercede, your intercession will be accepted, I will raise my
head, and praise Allah in such a way that Allah will teach me, then I
will intercede, the intercession will be accepted to some extent, then
I will take them out of the fire and admit them to Paradise, then I will
prostrate again as before, (then I will prostrate for the third time, then
for the fourth time). Then only those whom the Qur'an has decreed
to keep in Hell (i.e. disbelieves) will remain in Hell.” (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Riqaq, Attributes of Paradise and Fire, p. 1136, No. 6565)
09 - Allah Alone is Mukhtar-e-Kul | 155

This Hadith says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will pray to Allah and Allah will
grant his prayer. He will not be given even full authority to intercede,
rather it will be confined to a limit, and this will occur four times and
he shall complete intercession in four phases with renewed
permissions. Here a noteworthy point is that he will not have absolute
power and authority on Judgment Day too.

The following Hadith prohibits to say: “What Allah wills and the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬wills”, rather to say: “What Allah wills, then the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬wills”

‫ و ذﮐﺮ ذاﻟﮏ ﻟﻠﻨ ﷺ ﻓﻘﺎل‬، ‫ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺬﯾﻔﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻟﯿﻤﺎن ․․․․․ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠ و ﺷﺎء ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬8
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬، ‫ ﻗﻮﻟﻮا ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠ ﺛﻢ ﺷﺎء ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ۔ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ ﺷﺮ ﻒ‬، ‫اﻣﺎ و اﻟﻠ ان ﮐﻨﺖ ﻻﻋﺮﻓ ﺎ ﻟﮑﻢ‬
‫ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ‬، ‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ اﺣﻤﺪ‬/۲۱۱۸ ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،۳۰۴ ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻨ ان ﯾﻘﺎل ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠ و ﺷ ﺖ‬، ‫اﻟﮑﻔﺎرات‬
(23339 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،364 ‫ ص‬،38 ‫ ج‬، ‫ﺣﺬﯾﻔﺔ ﺑﻦ ﯾﻤﺎن‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Hudhifah bin al-Yaman (raz)

…… You say: 'What Allah wills and Muhammad wills."' He mentioned
that to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and he said: "By Allah, I am aware of that. Say:
'What Allah wills then what Muhammad wills." (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-
Kaffarat, p. 304, No. 2118; Musnad Ahmad, v. 38, p. 364, No. 23339)

While the Hadith, in Tabrani Kabeer, asks to say only: “What Allah
wills” without mentioning the name of the Prophet:

‫ ﻋﻦ ر ﺑﻦ ﺧﺮاش ﻋﻦ أخ ﻟﻌﺎ ﺸﺔ زوج اﻟﻨ ﷺ ․․․إﻧﻤﺎ ﺎن ﯾﻤﻨﻌ أن أﻧﻬﺎﮐﻢ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﮏ‬9

‫اﻟﺪو اﺧﻮ‬ ‫ ﻃﻔﯿﻞ ﺑﻦ‬، ‫ )اﻟﻄ ا ﯽ اﻟﮑﺒ‬.‫ ﻓﺈذا ﻗﻠﺘﻢ ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮا ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠ وﺣﺪە‬،‫ا ﯿﺎء‬
(8215 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،325 ‫ ص‬،8 ‫ ج‬،‫ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Rabi'i ibn Kharash on the authority a

brother of Hadhrat Ayishah, the wife of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬: “I was not
saying this out of shame. When you say so, say, "Only Allah wills.” (Al-
Tabarani al-Kabir, Tufail bin Sakhir Al-Dusi Brother of Ayesha, v. 8, p.
325, No. 8215)
156 | Samarat al-Aqaid

This Hadith asks to say only: “Whatever happens is with Allah’s will”.

Thus, these 5 hadiths establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is not Mukhtar-
e-Kul (having absolute power and authority).

So, now when the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is not Mukhtar-e-Kul, then no other
prophet, no sahabi or wali can have this position.

Hindus Believe that their Deities Have Absolute Powers

The Hindus believe that their deities and even the idols have power
to cause harm and benefit; so, according to their belief, some deities
have special power to benefit, some to harm and some to rain. This is
the reason that they worship their deities, call them for help and bow
down before their statues.

It was shirk (associating partner with Allah), so rejected it completely

and the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬proclaimed that he had no power to harm and
benefit. This point needs to be pondered upon.
 | 157

10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge

of Ghaib

We shall quote 55 verses from the Qur’an and 17 Hadiths of the

Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Here are the details:

It is only Allah who has Ilm al-Ghaib (knowledge of the unseen), yes
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was also given knowledge of many unseen through
wahy (revelation), during the journey of Me’raj or through presenting
the Jannat and Jahannam before him. Thus, his knowledge is more
than anyone else in the universe. So, we can say Aalim al-Ghaib (the
knower of unseen) is only Allah, and the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was also given
the knowledge of many unseen through seven ways and thus he is
more knowledgeable than anyone of those who passed and those
shall come.

But this knowledge achieved by the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is partial, not whole.
All prophets were given the knowledge of the unseen, therefore they
are called ‘nabi’ which means “someone who tells the unseen by
divine inspiration”, but by telling unseen they cannot be called Aalim
al-Ghaib; since if we believe in the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as Aalim al-Ghaib,
then we should believe that all the prophets were Aalim al-Ghaib, and
in this case only the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will not remain Aalim al-Ghaib.

Ilm al-Ghaib is of Three Types

(1) First Ilm al-Ghaib which is zati, absolute, exclusive of all forever,
which is eternal and endless , which is limitless and boundless; such
an Ilm al-Ghaib is achieved by one except Allah. This is a unanimous
point.
158 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Ilm a-Ghaib is exclusive to Allah as He is limitless; while the Prophet

(‫ )ﷺ‬is has limits, so how he has boundless knowledge!

(2) Second is knowledge of unseen things which Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬told to His

Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. First, such knowledge of unseen is given by Allah.
Second, this knowledge is partial, not whole, as the Qur’an says: “This
is a part of the news of the unseen We reveal to you (O Prophet!).”
[3:44]

(3) Third is, for example, the knowledge of someone’s eating,

drinking, sickness, cure, children, death, life, harm and benefit. Does
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has knowledge of these things?

Here we shall quote 40 verses and 5 Hadiths which establish that only
Allah has knowledge of these things.

Only Allah has Absolute Ilm al-Ghaib Zati

(1) Ilm al-Ghaib Zati is eternal and only Allah has it, as the Qur’an says:

َ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ن‬ ْ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻻ َ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻢ َﻣ‬1
‫ض اﻟﻐﻴﺐ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ وﻣﺎ ﺸﻌﺮون أﻳﺎن ﻳﺒﻌﺜﻮ‬ ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬
[27:65 ‫]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬

“Say, No one in the heavens and the earth has the knowledge of the
Unseen except Allah. And they do not know when they will be raised
again.” [27:65]

‫َْ َ َ ﱠ‬
[6:59 ‫ َو ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻩ َﻣ َﻔﺎ ِﺗ ُﺢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ِﺐ ﻻ َ ْﻌﻠ ُﻤ َ ﺎ ِإﻻ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬2

“With Him are the keys of the Unseen. No one knows them but He.”
[6:59]
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 159

َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
ْ ‫اﻷ ْﻣ ُﺮ ُ ﱡﻠ ُﮫ َﻓ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ُﺒ ْﺪ ُﻩ َوﺗ َﻮ ْﻞ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﻣﺎ‬ ‫ض و ِ ﻟﻴ ِﮫ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ‬
ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬
ِ ‫ وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻏﻴﺐ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬3
َ ُ َ َ
[11:123 ‫َرﱡ َﻚ ِ ﻐﺎ ِﻓ ٍﻞ َﻋ ﱠﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن ] ﻮد‬

“To Allah belong the secrets of the heavens and the earth, and to Him
the entire matter shall be returned. So worship Him and have trust in
Him. Your Lord is not unaware of what you do.” [11:123]

‫ﻮب ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ُ ‫َ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻢ َﻣﺎ َﻧ ْﻔ َوَﻻ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ َﻣﺎ َﻧ ْﻔﺴ َﻚ إ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َأ ْﻧ َﺖ َﻋ ﱠﻼ ُم ْاﻟ ُﻐ‬

‫ﻴ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ 4
[5:116

“You know what is in my heart, and I do not know what is in Your‘s.

You alone have full knowledge of all that is unseen.” [5:116]

Note: In this verse, there are several ways according to Arabic

grammar that very emphatically establish that Allah alone has the
knowledge of unseen and none except Him has this property.
َْ َ َ َ ‫َُ َْ ُ ﱠ‬
ْ‫اﻷر‬
[18:26 ‫ض ]اﻟﻜ ﻒ‬
ِ ‫ات و‬ ِ ‫ ﻟﮫ ﻏﻴﺐ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬5

“To Him belongs the unseen of the heavens and the earth” [18:26]

ٌ ُ ٌ َ ََ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ َ ْ ْ ُ ْ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬
[67:26 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ اﻟ ِﻌﻠﻢ ِﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ و ِ ﻧﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻧ ِﺬﻳﺮ ﻣ ِﺒ ن ]اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬6

“Say, The knowledge (of that Day) is only with Allah, and I am only a
plain warner.” [67:26]

ُ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َْ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻻ َ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻢ َﻣ‬7
[27:65 ‫ض اﻟﻐﻴﺐ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬
ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬

“Say, No one in the heavens and the earth has the knowledge of the
Unseen except Allah.” [27:65]

[5:109 ‫ﻮب ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ُ ‫ َﻗ ُﺎﻟﻮا َﻻ ِﻋ ْﻠ َﻢ َﻟ َﻨﺎ إ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َأ ْﻧ َﺖ َﻋ ﱠﻼ ُم ْاﻟ ُﻐ‬8

‫ﻴ‬
ِ ِ
160 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“They will say, We have no knowledge. Surely You alone have the full
knowledge of all that is unseen.” [5:109]

‫ن‬َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ٌ َ ُ ‫ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺮات‬ ‫ض واﻟﻠﮫ ﺑ ِﺼ ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻌﻤﻠﻮ ]ا‬ ِ ‫ ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻌﻠﻢ ﻏﻴﺐ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬9
ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬
[49:18

“Surely Allah knows the Unseen of the heavens and the earth, and
Allah keeps in sight whatever you do.” [49:18]

ُ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ٌ َ ُ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬

ْ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻋ ِﺎﻟ ُﻢ َﻏ‬
‫ر‬
‫ات اﻟﺼﺪو ِ ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‬
ِ ‫ض ِإﻧﮫ ﻋ ِﻠﻴﻢ ِﺑﺬ‬
ِ ‫ر‬ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ِإن‬ 10
[35:38

“Surely Allah is the Knower of the unseen in the heavens and the
earth. Indeed He fully knows what lies in the hearts.” [35:38]

‫ََ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ َْ ُ ﱠ ُ ْ ََ ْ َ ُ ْ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻋ ﱠﻼ ُم ْاﻟ ُﻐ‬
‫ﻮب ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ أﻟﻢ ﻌﻠﻤﻮا أن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻌﻠﻢ ِﺳﺮ ﻢ وﻧﺠﻮا ﻢ وأن‬11
[9:78

“Do they not know that Allah knows what they conceal and what they
whisper, and that Allah is well aware of all the Unseen?” [9:78]

‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﻦ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﺮ ِﺣ‬ ‫ُ َ ﱠ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َﻮ َﻋﺎﻟ ُﻢ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺐ َو ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺸ َ َﺎد ِة ُ َﻮ ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﻢ‬ ِ ِ ‫ ﻮ اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ‬12
[59:22 ‫]ا ﺸﺮ‬

“He is Allah, besides whom there is no god, the Knower of the unseen
and the seen. He is All-Merciful, Very-Merciful.” [59:22]

ُ ‫اﻟﺸ َ َﺎدة ْاﻟ َﻌﺰ ُﺰ ا ْ َ ِﻜ‬

[64:18 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺘﻐﺎﺑﻦ‬
‫َﻋﺎﻟ ُﻢ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺐ َو ﱠ‬
ِ 13
ِ ِ ِ
“the Knower of the Unseen and the seen, the All-Mighty, the All-
Wise.” [64:18]
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 161

َ َ َ َ َ َ َ
[43:80 ‫ أ ْم َﻳ ْﺤ َﺴ ُﺒﻮن أ ﱠﻧﺎ ﻻ ْﺴ َﻤ ُﻊ ِﺳ ﱠﺮ ُ ْﻢ َوﻧ ْﺠ َﻮا ُ ْﻢ َﺑ ]اﻟﺰﺧﺮف‬14

“Do they think that We do not hear their secrets and their whispers?
Yes of course,” [43:80]

َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫َ ُ ْ َْ َ ﱠ‬
[6:73 ‫ﻴﻢ ا ِﺒ ُ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ ‫ ﻋ ِﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻐﻴ ِﺐ واﻟﺸ ﺎد ِة و ﻮ ا ِﻜ‬15

“He is the Knower of the Unseen and the Seen. He is the Wise, the
All-Aware.” [6:73]

َ ُ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ
[23:92 ‫ َﻋ ِﺎﻟ ِﻢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ِﺐ َواﻟﺸ َ َﺎد ِة ﻓ َﺘ َﻌﺎ َﻋ ﱠﻤﺎ ُ ﺸ ِﺮ ﻮن ]اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮن‬16

“He is the Knower of the hidden and the manifest. So, He is far higher
than their ascribing of partners to Him.” [23:92]

‫ﱠ‬ َْ
[39:46 ‫ َﻋ ِﺎﻟ َﻢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ِﺐ َواﻟﺸ َ َﺎد ِة ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬17

“…the Knower of the unseen and the seen” [39:46]

َ ُ َ ُ ُُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ ُ ُ
‫ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﺗ َﺮ ﱡدون ِإ َﻋ ِﺎﻟ ِﻢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ِﺐ َواﻟﺸ َ َﺎد ِة ﻓ ُﻴ َﻨ ِّ ﺌﻜ ْﻢ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن ]ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬18
[62:8

“… then you will be sent back to the Knower of the Unseen and the
seen, and He will tell you what you used to do.” [62:8]

ً َ َ ْ َ ََ ُ ْ ُ ََ َْ ْ ُ َ
[72:26 ‫ ﻋ ِﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻐﻴ ِﺐ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻈ ِ ﺮ ﻋ ﻏﻴ ِﺒ ِﮫ أﺣﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬19

“(He is the) Knower of the Unseen. So He does not let anyone know
the Unseen created by Him,” [72:26]

ْ َْ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ َْ ُ ﱠ‬
[16:77 ‫ض ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬
ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬ِ ‫ وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻏﻴﺐ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬20
162 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“To Allah belongs the Unseen of the heavens and the earth” [16:77]

َ ُ ْ َ ََ َ َْ َ ُ َْ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َْ َ ُ َْ ْ ََْ ْ َ ْ
‫ﻮﺣ ﺎ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻌﻠﻤ ﺎ أﻧﺖ وﻻ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ] ﻮد‬ ِ ‫ ِﺗﻠﻚ ِﻣﻦ أﻧﺒ ِﺎء اﻟﻐﻴ ِﺐ ﻧ‬21
[11:49

“These are some reports from the unseen (events), which We reveal
to you. You did not know them before this, neither you nor your
people.” [11:49]

Note: in this verse, Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬addresses the Prophet saying that he

and his people did know the reports of the unseen. Had the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬been aware of the unseen, there would have been no need to
reveal the Qur’an over a span of 23 years, it would have been known
to him already.

The Qur’an says:

ً َْ َ َْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ‫ﱠ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[76:23 ‫ ِإﻧﺎ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﺗ ِ ﻳﻼ ]اﻹ ﺴﺎن‬22

“Indeed we have revealed to you the Qur‘an through a gradual

process.” [76:23]
ً َْ ُ َ ْ‫َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ ََ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ًَْ ُ َ
[17:106 ‫ِ ﻳﻼ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺎﻩ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻟ‬
‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﻧ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺚ‬ٍ ‫ﻜ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎس ﻋ‬
ِ ‫ وﻗﺮآﻧﺎ ﻓﺮﻗﻨﺎﻩ ِﻟﺘﻘﺮأﻩ ﻋ اﻟﻨ‬23
“We have divided the Qur‘an in portions, so that you may recite it to
the people gradually, and We have revealed it little by little.” [17:106]

These verses were revealed through a gradual process.

So, all the 23 verses establish that it is Allah alone who knows the
unseen, He has the knowledge of everything and no one else has the
knowledge, thus when these verses deny knowledge of the unseen
for anyone except Allah, then believing it for the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is
baseless.
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 163

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare that He Does not Know

the Unseen

Here we shall quote 8 verses:

َ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َو َﻣﺎ َ ْﺸ ُﻌ ُﺮو َن َأ ﱠﻳﺎن‬

‫ْ َْ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ض اﻟﻐﻴﺐ ِإﻻ‬ ْ َْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻷ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ات‬‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ْ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻻ َ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻢ َﻣ‬24
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ِ
َ ُ
[27:65 ‫ُﻳ ْﺒ َﻌﺜﻮن ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬

“Say, No one in the heavens and the earth has the knowledge of the
Unseen except Allah. And they do not know when they will be raised
again.” [27:65]

َ ْ َ ْ ُ َْ َ ََ ‫َ َ ُ ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ُ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ُ ُل‬
[6:50 ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻗﻮ ﻟﻜﻢ ِﻋﻨ ِﺪي ﺧﺰا ِﺋﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻐﻴﺐ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬25

“Say, I do not say to you that I have the treasures of Allah, nor do I
have the knowledge of the Unseen” [6:50]

َ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ‬

‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬26
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ٌ ُ ٌ َ ‫َ ﱠ َ َ ََ ﱠ‬
[46:9 ‫ِإ وﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬﻳﺮ ﻣ ِﺒ ن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬

“Say, I am not something unprecedented among the messengers, and

I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”
[46:9]

َْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َُ َُ َ
[11:31 ‫ َوﻻ أﻗﻮ ُل ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪي ﺧ َﺰا ِﺋ ُﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َوﻻ أ ْﻋﻠ ُﻢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴﺐ ] ﻮد‬27

“And I do not say to you that I have the treasures of Allah, nor that I
have the knowledge of the unseen” [11:31]
ْ ُ ّ ْ َ ‫َْ ﱠ‬ َ
[10:20 ‫ ﻓ ُﻘ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ُﺐ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓﺎﻧ َﺘ ِﻈ ُﺮوا ِإ ِ ﻲ َﻣ َﻌﻜ ْﻢ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﻨ َﺘ ِﻈ ِﺮ َﻦ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬28
164 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Say, The Unseen is only for Allah. So, wait. I am waiting with you.”
[10:20]

َ ‫ﺎﻋﺔ َأ ﱠﻳ‬
َ‫ﺎن ُﻣ ْﺮ َﺳﺎ َ ﺎ ُﻗ ْﻞ إ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ِﻋ ْﻠ ُﻤ َ ﺎ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َرّ ﻲ َﻻ ُﻳ َﺠ ِ ّﻠ َ ﺎ ِﻟ َﻮ ْﻗ ِ ﺎ‬ ‫ َ ْﺴ َﺄ ُﻟ َﻮﻧ َﻚ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬29
َ ‫اﻟﺴ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬
[7:187 ‫ِإﻻ ُ َﻮ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬

“They ask you about the Hour (i.e. the Doomsday), When is it due to
happen? Say, Its knowledge is only with my Lord. No one can unfold
it except He at its time.” [7:187]

‫ﱠ َ ُ ْ ﱠَ َُْ َْ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َُ ْ َ
‫ﻤ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬
[33:63 ‫ِ ِ ِ ﺎ ِﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺎﻋ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ِ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎس‬‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ ﺴﺄ‬30

“People ask you about the Hour (i.e. the Day of Judgment). Say, Its
knowledge is only with Allah.” [33:63]

َْ َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ ً ََ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ
‫ﺿﺮا ِإﻻ َﻣﺎ ﺷ َﺎء اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َوﻟ ْﻮ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ أ ْﻋﻠ ُﻢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ َﺐ‬ ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ﻻ أ ْﻣ ِﻠ ُﻚ ِﻟ َﻨ ْﻔ ِ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ وﻻ‬31
َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ﱡ ُ ََ ﱠ‬
‫ﻮء ِإ ْن أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬ ٌﻳﺮ َو َ ِﺸ ٌ ِﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ ٍم ُﻳ ْﺆ ِﻣ ُﻨﻮن ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬‫ﻻﺳﺘﻜ ت ِﻣﻦ ا ِ وﻣﺎ ﻣﺴ ِ اﻟﺴ‬
[7:188

“Say, I have no power to bring a benefit or a harm to myself, except

that which Allah wills. If I had the knowledge of the Unseen, I would
have accumulated a lot of good things, and no evil would have ever
touched me. I am but a warner, and a herald of good news for a
people who believe.” [7:188]

In these 8 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare that he does

not have the knowledge of the unseen, it is known only to Allah, then
how we can say that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Aalim al-Ghaib.
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 165

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare that Whatever

Knowledge He Has is Through Revelation

The following 6 verses very emphatically and categorically declare

that whatever knowledge the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has is through wahy
(revelation from Allah).

ّ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ ُ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ َ َﱠ‬
[7:203 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أﺗ ِﺒﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮ ِإ ِﻣﻦ رِ ﻲ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬32

“Say, I only follow what is revealed to me from my Lord.” [7:203]

َ ّ َُ َُ َ َْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َُ َُ َ ُ
‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ﻻ أﻗﻮ ُل ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪي ﺧ َﺰا ِﺋ ُﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َوﻻ أ ْﻋﻠ ُﻢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ َﺐ َوﻻ أﻗﻮ ُل ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ِإ ِ ﻲ َﻣﻠ ٌﻚ‬33
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ ‫ْ َﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
[6:50 ‫ِإن أﺗ ِﺒﻊ ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮ ِإ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬

“Say, I do not say to you that I have the treasures of Allah, nor do I
have the knowledge of the Unseen, nor do I say to you that I am an
angel. I only follow what is revealed to me.” [6:50]
َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
[10:15 ‫ ِإ ْن أ ﱠﺗ ِﺒ ُﻊ ِإﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ َ ِإ ﱠ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬34

“I follow nothing but what is revealed to me.” [10:15]

َ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ ﻣﺎ‬

‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬35
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ََ ﱠ‬ َ
[46:9 ‫ُﻳﻮ َ ِإ ﱠ َو َﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬ ٌﻳﺮ ُﻣ ِﺒ ٌن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬

“Say, I am not something unprecedented among the messengers, and

I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”
[46:9]
َ
[10:109 ‫ َو ﱠاﺗ ِﺒ ْﻊ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ َ ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬36
166 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Follow what is being revealed to you” [10:109]

‫ﱠ‬ ْ
[53:3-4 ‫ ِإ ْن ُ َﻮ ِإﻻ َو ْ ٌ ُﻳﻮ َ ]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ َﻳ ْﻨ ِﻄ ُﻖ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ َ َﻮى‬37

“He does not speak out of (his own) desire. It is but revelation
revealed (to him).” [53:3-4]

In these 6 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said that he does not follow

anything but what is revealed to him. Therefore, claiming Ilm al-Ghaib
for the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is baseless. One who claims so, should bring even
a single verse which clearly say that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given Ilm al-
Ghaib of all things.

These Five Things are not Known to Anyone except Allah

The following verse says that these five things are not known to
anyone except Allah:
َْ
ٌ ‫اﻷ ْر َﺣﺎم َو َﻣﺎ َﺗ ْﺪري َﻧ ْﻔ‬ َ ‫ﺎﻋﺔ َو ُ َ ّ ُل ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴ َﺚ َو َ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻢ‬
َ ‫اﻟﺴ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َُْ َ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ِ َ َِ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ِﻋﻨﺪﻩ ِﻋ‬38
َ ٌ َ َ ‫َ َ َْ ُ َ ً َ َ َ ْ يَْ ٌ ّ ْ َُ ُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[31:34 ‫ﻴﻢ ﺧ ِﺒ ٌ ]ﻟﻘﻤﺎن‬ ‫ض ﺗﻤﻮت ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ِﻠ‬ ٍ ‫ﻣﺎذا ﺗﻜ ِﺴﺐ ﻏﺪا وﻣﺎ ﺗﺪ ِر ﻧﻔﺲ ِﺑﺄ ِي أر‬
“Surely, it is Allah with whom rests the knowledge of the Hour; and
He sends down the rain, and He knows what is in the wombs. No one
knows what he will earn tomorrow, and no one knows in which land
he will die. Surely, Allah is All Knowing, All Aware.” [31:34]

This verse says that these five things are not known to anyone except
Allah.
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 167

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare: Had He known the

Unseen, He Would have been Unharmed

َ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َو َﻟ ْﻮ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺐ‬

‫َ ْ ً ََ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ
‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ وﻻ ﺿﺮا ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء‬39
‫ن‬ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ٌ ََ ٌ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ﱡ ُ ْ ََ ﱠ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﻜ ت ِﻣﻦ ا ِ وﻣﺎ ﻣﺴ ِ اﻟﺴﻮء ِإن أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬﻳﺮ و ِﺸ ِﻟﻘﻮ ٍم ﻳﺆ ِﻣﻨﻮ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬
[7:188

“Say, I have no power to bring a benefit or a harm to myself, except

that which Allah wills. If I had the knowledge of the Unseen, I would
have accumulated a lot of good things, and no evil would have ever
touched me. I am but a warner, and a herald of good news for a
people who believe.” [7:188]

In this verse, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬himself declared that had he have the
knowledge of the Unseen, he would have acquired a lot of good
things, and no evil would have ever touched him.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare that Allah Has the Key of the
Unseen and He Alone Know the Unseen
ُ َ ْ ْ َ ‫َْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ َو ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻩ َﻣ َﻔﺎ ِﺗ ُﺢ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ِﺐ ﻻ َ ْﻌﻠ ُﻤ َ ﺎ ِإﻻ ُ َﻮ َو َ ْﻌﻠ ُﻢ َﻣﺎ ِ اﻟ َ ّ ِ َواﻟ َﺒ ْﺤ ِﺮ َو َﻣﺎ ْﺴ ُﻘﻂ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬40
َ ‫اﻷ ْ ض َوَﻻ َ ْﻃﺐ َوَﻻ َﻳﺎ ﺲ إ ﱠﻻ ﻛ‬ َْ ُُ َ ‫َو َر َﻗﺔ إ ﱠﻻ َ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻤ َ ﺎ َوَﻻ‬
‫ﺎب ُﻣ ِﺒ ٍن‬ ‫ﺘ‬
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ٍ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎت‬ِ ‫ﻤ‬َ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻇ‬ ِ ٍ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ٍ
[6:59 ‫]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬

“With Him are the keys of the Unseen. No one knows them but He.
He knows what is in the land and the sea. No leaf ever falls but that
He knows about it, and there is no grain in the dark layers of the earth,
or anything fresh or dry that is not recorded in a manifest book.”
[6:59]

According to these 40 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬denies having the

knowledge of the unseen, then how Ilm al-Ghaib can be established
for him? Had he been given Ilm al-Ghaib Atai, then verses should not
168 | Samarat al-Aqaid

have been reacting it altogether. Or, there should have been even a
single verse that clearly mentions that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was granted
knowledge of all the unseen, which I could not find after exhausting
search.

The two verses which are presented to prove Ilm al-Ghaib for the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are associated with wahy (revelation), which establish
that he was granted knowledge of many unseen through revelation.

Hadiths Say that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Did not Have the Knowledge
of the Unseen

There are 5 such Hadiths:

The Munafiqin (hypocrites) came up with false imputation against

Sayyida Ayisha, the wife of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, which caused him
restlessness for over a month. Then Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬revealed the verses of
Surah al-Noor and the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has a sigh of relief. Had he been
Aalim al-Ghaib, he would not have been restless for a month as he
must have known that Sayyida Ayisha was innocent. Here is the
Hadith:

Hadith 01
‫ ﻋﺘﺒ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ﺸ ر اﻟﻠ ﻋ ﺎ زوج اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﺣ ن ﻗﺎل ﻟ ﺎ ا ﻞ اﻻﻓﮏ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬1
‫․․․․․و ﻗﺪ ﻟﺒﺚ ﺷﻬﺮا ﻻ ﯾﻮ اﻟﯿ ﺷﺎ ﯽ ء ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻓ ﺸﻬﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﺣ ن ﺟﻠﺲ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل‬
‫اﻣﺎ ﻌﺪ ﯾﺎ ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ اﻧ ﺑﻠﻐ ﻋﻨﮏ ﮐﺬا ﮐﺬا ﻓﺎن ﮐﻨﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺌﺔ ﻓﺴﯿ ﺋﮏ اﻟﻠ و ان ﮐﻨﺖ اﻟﻤﻤﺖ ﺑﺬﻧﺐ‬
ُ ٌ ْ ُ ْ ْ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺼ َﺒﺔ ِﻣ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮی اﻟﻠ و ﺗﻮ ﯽ اﻟﯿ ․․․․․ و أﻧﺰل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﴿ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﺟﺎءوا ِﺑ‬
‫ﺎﻹﻓ ِﻚ ﻋ‬
‫؛ ﻴﺢ‬4141 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،701 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻻﻓﮏ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزی‬،‫[ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬11/‫]اﻟﻨﻮر‬
(7020/2770 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1205 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻻﻓﮏ و ﻗﺒﻮل اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
`Aisha, the wife the Prophet, narrated: when the slanderers had said
about her what they had said and Allah later declared her innocence…
No revelation regarding my case came to him for a month. He recited
Tashah-hud (i.e. None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 169

Muhammad is His Apostle) and then said, “O `Aisha! I have been

informed such-and-such about you; If you are innocent, then Allah
will declare your innocence: but if you have committed a sin, then ask
for Allah's Forgiveness and repent to him.” Then Allah revealed the
verse: "Verily those who spread the slander are a gang amongst you.
(24.11)” (Sahih al-Bukhari, p 1205, Hadith No. 2770, 7020)
This is a long Hadith regarding slandering of Sayyida Ayisha (may Allah
be pleased with her) and her subsequent innocence, here it was
abridged.
See, in this Hadith, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was distressed for a month
regarding accusation of his wife. Had he known the Ilm al-Ghaib he
would have not been distressed.
Moreover, he forgot in the prayer, so he asked the Companions to
remind him in such cases. Had he been Aalim al-Ghaib how he would
have forgotten and how he would have asked others to remind? So,
it was clearly known that he did not have Ilm al-Ghaib. Here is the
Hadith:
ُ ُْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َُْ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺻﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ َُْ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺼﻼ ِة ْ ٌء ﻟ َﻨ ﱠﺒﺄﺗﻜ ْﻢ‬ ِ ‫ث‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫إ‬ِ " ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ...... ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﱡ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬
ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ‬2
ّ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ ﻓ ِﺈذا ِﺴ ُﺖ ﻓﺬ ِﻛ ُﺮو ِ ﻲ‬،‫ أ َ ﻛ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َﺴ ْﻮن‬،‫ َوﻟ ِﻜ ْﻦ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ‬،‫ِﺑ ِﮫ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬401 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،70 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻮﺟ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺎن‬،‫اﻟﺼﻼة‬
(1285/572 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،232 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺑﺎب اﻟﺴﻬﻮ اﻟﺼﻼة واﻟ ﻮد ﻟ‬

“Hadhrat `Abdullah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬prayed ……

He said, "If there had been anything changed in the prayer, surely I
would have informed you but I am a human being like you and liable
to forget like you, so if I forget remind me. (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-
Salah, p. 70, No. 401; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Masajid, p. 232, No.
572/1285)

Similarly, in some incidents, the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, while judging between

people’s affairs, he mistook a false person as true and ruled in his
favour. This can only happen only due to lacking Ilm al-Ghaib,
otherwise how can he consider a false person as true?
170 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫ َأ ْﺧ َ َ ْﺗ ُﮫ َأ ﱠن ُأ ﱠﻣ َ ﺎ ُأ ﱠم َﺳ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ َز ْو َج ﱠ‬،‫ َأ ﱠن َزْ َ َﺐ ﺑ ْ َﺖ ُأ ّم َﺳ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ‬3

ِ ِ
ْ‫ﻀ ُﻜ ْﻢ َأ ْن َﻳ ُ ﻮ َن َأ ْﺑ َﻠ َﻎ ﻣﻦ‬ ْ َ ْ ‫ﺎل "إ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ َأ َﻧﺎ َ َﺸ ٌﺮ َو ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻳ ْﺄﺗﻴ ا‬
َ ‫ َﻓ َﻠ َﻌ ﱠﻞ َ ْﻌ‬،‫ﺼ ُﻢ‬ َ
َ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬،‫ َﻓ َﺨ َﺮ َج إﻟ ْ ﻢ‬... ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬
َ َ ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ َِ ِ ِ
َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ ‫ََ ْ ُ َﱠ‬ َْ
‫ﺑﺎب إﺛﻢ ﻣﻦ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻈﺎﻟﻢ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ ﻓﺄﻗ ِ ﻟﮫ ِﺑﺬ ِﻟﻚ‬،‫ ﻓﺄﺣ ِﺴﺐ أﻧﮫ ﺻﺪق‬،‫ﺾ‬ ٍ ‫ﻌ‬
(2458 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،396 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺧﺎﺻﻢ ﺑﺎﻃﻞ و ﻮ ﻌﻠﻤ‬
Hadhrat Um Salama, the wife of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬narrated: … He came
out and said, "I am only a human being, and opponents come to me
(to settle their problems); maybe someone amongst you can present
his case more eloquently than the other, whereby I may consider him
true and give a verdict in his favour.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-
Mazalim, p 396, No. 2485)
This Hadith clearly say that sometimes he mistakenly considers a false
person as true due to his words, then how we can believe that he has
Ilm al-Ghaib?
Similarly, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will not have Ilm al-Ghaib in the hereafter
too, as he will mistake people as his own believing men whereas they
did not remain believers after him.
َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ْﺨ ُﻄ ُﺐ َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ َو ِ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﺳ ُﻴ َﺠ ُﺎء ِﺑ ِﺮ َﺟ ٍﺎل‬...‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﺎل َﻗ َﺎم ﻓ َﻴﻨﺎ ﱠ‬
ِ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َ◌ن ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬4
ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َ.‫ َﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل إ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َﻻ َﺗ ْﺪري َﻣﺎ َأ ْﺣ َﺪ ُﺛﻮا َ ْﻌ َﺪك‬.‫ﺻ ْﻴ َﺤﺎ ﻲ‬
َ ‫ َﻓ َﺄ ُﻗﻮ ُل َﻳﺎ َر ّب ُأ‬.‫اﻟﺸ َﻤﺎل‬
ّ َ َ ْ ُ َ َُْ ‫ْ ُﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﻴﺆﺧﺬ ِﺑ ِﻬﻢ ذات‬، ِ ‫ِﻣ َﻦ أﻣ‬
ُ ‫ﺎل َﻓ ُﻴ َﻘ‬َ ‫ﻴﻢ{ َﻗ‬ ْ َ
ُ ‫ﻴﺪا َﻣﺎ ُد ْﻣ ُﺖ ِﻓﻴﻬ ْﻢ{ إ َﻗ ْﻮِﻟ ِﮫ }ا َ ِﻜ‬ َ
ً ‫اﻟﺼﺎ ُ } َو ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻬ ْﻢ َﺷﻬ‬
‫ِﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﺎل ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺒ‬
َ ‫َﻓﺄ ُﻗﻮ ُل َﻛ َﻤﺎ َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺪ‬
ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ّ َْ ُ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب و ﮐﻨﺖ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﺴ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ﻳﻦ َﻋ أ ْﻋ َﻘ ِﺎﺑ ِﻬ ْﻢ ُﻣ ْﻨﺬ ﻓﺎ َرﻗ َﺘ ُﻬ ْﻢ‬ ‫ِإﻧﻬﻢ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺰاﻟﻮا ﻣﺮﺗ ِﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب إﺛﺒﺎت‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬4625 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،791 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ ﺷﻬﯿﺪا ﻣﺎ دﻣﺖ ﻓ ﻢ‬
(5996/2304 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1018 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺣﻮض ﻧﺒ ﻨﺎ ﷺ وﺻﻔﺎﺗ‬

Hadhrat Ibn `Abbas (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said while
delivering sermon: "Then will be brought some men of my followers
who will be taken towards the left (i.e., to the Fire), and I will say: 'O
Lord! My companions whereupon Allah will say: You do not know
what they did after you left them. I will then say as the pious slave
(Jesus) said, “I have not said to them anything but what You have
ordered me to say, that is, Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord‘ and
I was a witness over them as long as I was with them. But when You
recalled me, You were the One watching over them. You are a witness
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 171

over everything. If You punish them, they are Your slaves after all, but
if You forgive them, You are the Mighty, the Wise.” [5.117-118]. The
narrator added: Then it will be said that those people renegaded from
Islam after you left them.' (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tafsir, p. 791, No.
4625; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fadhayil, p. 1018, No. 2304/5996)

While Making Greater Intercession He Will be Taught How to

Praise Allah

‫ ﻓﺄرﻓﻊ رأ‬...... ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﺲ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﯾﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻠ اﻟﻨﺎس ﯾﻮم اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ‬5
‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب أد ﯽ ا ﻞ ا ﻨﺔ ﻣ ﻟﺔ ﻓﯿ ﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬. ‫ﻓﺄﺣﻤﺪ ر ﻲ ﺑﺘﺤﻤﯿﺪ ﻌﻠﻤ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺖ ﺑﯿﺪي‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻮﺣﯿﺪ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬475/193 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،101
(7410 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1275

It is on the authority of Hadhrat Anas (raz) that the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Allah will gather the people on the Day of Resurrection.…..
I will raise my head, and praise Allah in such a way that Allah will teach
me… (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p. 101, No. 193/475; Sahih al-
Bukhari, Kitab al-Tauhid, p. 1275, No. 7410)

The Hadith says that Allah will reveal to him words of priase which he
will chant for Allah. This indicates that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will be
unaware of those words before that day, thus it means he did not
have Ilm al-Ghaib.
These 5 Hadiths establish that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬did not have Ilm al-
Ghaib. Yes, he was given knowledge of some Ghaib (unseen things)
and his knowledge of some unseen was more than anyone else.
Believing in Ilm al-Ghaib for other than Allah is Disbelief

Imam Abu Hanifa (may Allah have mercy on him) has written a famous
book entitled ‘al-Fiqh al-Akbar’. Hadhrat Mulla Ali al-Qari wrote its
commentary. The books says that one who believes in someone else
other than Allah as Aalim al-Ghaib is will become kafir (disbeliever).
172 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ و ذﮐﺮ‬.‫ﺛﻢ اﻋﻠﻢ أن اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء ﷺ ﻟﻢ ﻌﻠﻤﻮا اﻟﻤﻐﯿﺒﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻷﺷﯿﺎء إﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ أﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ‬
َ ‫ُ ﱠ‬
‫﴿ ﻗ ْﻞ ﻻ َ ْﻌﻠ ُﻢ‬، ‫ا ﻨﻔﯿﺔ ﺗﺼﺮ ﺤﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﮑﻔ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻘﺎد أن اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻐﯿﺐ ﻟﻤﻌﺎرﺿﺔ ﻗﻮﻟ ﻌﺎ‬
‫ﱠ ﱣ‬ َ ْ َْ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ‬، ‫ )ﺷﺮح اﻟﻔﻘ اﻷﮐ‬.‫﴾ ﮐﺬا اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻣﺮة‬27:65 . ُ ‫ض اﻟﻐ ْﯿ ِﺐ ِاﻻ اﻟﻠ‬ ْ
ِ ‫َﻣﻦ ِ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬
ِ ‫ات واﻻر‬
(253 ‫ ص‬،‫أن ﺗﺼﺪﯾﻖ اﻟ ﺎ ﻦ ﺑﻤﺎ ﯾﺨ ﺑ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﯿﺐ ﮐﻔﺮ‬

“You should know that the Prophets (peace be upon them) did not
know the unseen, yes, sometimes they knew as much as was told by
Allah. The Hanafis have explicitly stated that those who believe that
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬knew the unseen are kaafirs, because Allah says: “No
one knows the unseen except Allah. [27:65]” as it is written al-
Musamarah.” (Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar, p. 253)

The abovementioned quote from Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar says that

believing in the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬had Ilm al-Ghaib is kufr (disbelief).
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Given Knowledge of Many Unseen Things

There are many ghaib (unseen things) the knowledge of which was
given by Allah to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. The knowledge of these haib
(unseen things) is established for the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. First, this
knowledge is granted by Allah, and secondly this is only part of all
ghaib (the unseen). However, this limited knowledge of the unseen is
more than the knowledge which was given to all those who passed
and those who shall come.
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Given the Knowledge of Unseen Things in
Seven Ways

(1) Through wahy (divine revelation): he was given the

knowledge of the unseen things through divine revelation.
(2) News of the unseen: intimating the information of the unseen
to him.
(3) Certain things were disclosed to him as ghaib. According to
Tafseer Ibn Abbas, it is part of Ilm al-Ghaib, not whole.
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 173

(4) He was informed of it as ghaib. According to Tafseer Ibn

Abbas, it is part of Ilm al-Ghaib, not whole.
(5) Many ghaib (unseen) things were presented before the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as he was taken to Me’raj journey and was
shown many unseen things.
(6) Sometimes, the Jannah and Jahannam was presented before
him during Salah.
(7) Sometimes, the earth was presented before him and he saw
from the east to west. This is also part of Ilm al-Ghaib, not
whole which is exclusive to Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬alone.
(1) Ghaib Through wahy i.e. Divine Revelation

َ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ‬

‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬41
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ََ ﱠ‬ َ
[46:9 ‫ِإ ﱠ َو َﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬ ٌﻳﺮ ُﻣ ِﺒ ٌن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬

“Say, I am not something unprecedented among the messengers, and

I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”
[46:9]
‫ﱠ‬ ْ
[53:3-4 ‫ ِإ ْن ُ َﻮ ِإﻻ َو ْ ٌ ُﻳﻮ َ ]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ َﻳ ْﻨ ِﻄ ُﻖ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ َ َﻮى‬42

“He does not speak out of (his own) desire. It is but revelation
revealed (to him).” [53:3-4]
(2) News of the Unseen

The following three verses mention that some news of the unseen
were revealed to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
َ
[3:44 ‫ﻮﺣ ِﻴﮫ ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬‫ﻧ‬ُ ‫ َذﻟ َﻚ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﻧ َﺒﺎء ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺐ‬43
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ

“This is a part of the news of the unseen We reveal to you (O

Prophet!).” [3:44]
174 | Samarat al-Aqaid
َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ُ َْ ْ ََْ ْ َ َ
‫ﻮﺣ ِﻴﮫ ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ َو َﻣﺎ ﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ ﻟ َﺪ ْ ِ ْﻢ ِإذ أ ْﺟ َﻤ ُﻌﻮا أ ْﻣ َﺮ ُ ْﻢ َو ُ ْﻢ‬
ِ ‫ ذ ِﻟﻚ ِﻣﻦ أﻧﺒ ِﺎء اﻟﻐﻴ ِﺐ‬44
‫ﻧ‬
ُ
[12:102 ‫َﻳ ْﻤﻜ ُﺮو َن ]ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬

“That is a part of the reports of the unseen We reveal to you (O

Prophet). You were not with them when they determined their
object, and when they were planning devices.” [12:102]
َ ُ َْ ْ ََْ ْ َ ْ
[11:49 ‫ﻮﺣ َ ﺎ ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ ] ﻮد‬
ِ ‫ ِﺗﻠﻚ ِﻣﻦ أﻧﺒ ِﺎء اﻟﻐﻴ ِﺐ‬45
‫ﻧ‬

“These are some reports from the unseen (events), which We reveal
to you.” [11:49]
These verses say that there were some reports of the unseen which
were given to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
(3) The Unseen is Disclosed to the Prophet by Allah

ُ‫ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﻦ ا ْ َﺗ َ ﻣ ْﻦ َر ُﺳﻮل َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧﮫ‬ ‫ َﻋﺎﻟ ُﻢ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺐ َﻓ َﻼ ُﻳ ْﻈ ُﺮ َﻋ َ َﻏ ْﻴﺒﮫ َأ َﺣ ًﺪا‬46

ِ ٍَ ِ ‫ِ ِ ر‬ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ْ َّ َ َ ُ ََْ ْ َ ْ َ َ َْ َ َ ‫َ ْﺴ ُﻠ ُﻚ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ْ ن َﻳ َﺪ ْﻳﮫ َوﻣ ْﻦ َﺧﻠﻔﮫ َر‬
ْ
‫ ِﻟﻴﻌﻠﻢ أن ﻗﺪ أﺑﻠﻐﻮا ِرﺳﺎﻻ ِت رِ ِ ﻢ وأﺣﺎط‬ ‫ﺻ ًﺪا‬ ِِ ِ ِ ِ َ ِ
ً َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ََْ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[72:26-28 ‫ﻞ ٍء ﻋﺪدا ]ا ﻦ‬ ‫ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻟﺪ ِ ﻢ وأﺣ‬

“(He is the) Knower of the Unseen. So He does not let anyone know
the Unseen created by Him, except a messenger whom He chooses
(to inform through revelation), and then He appoints (angels as)
watching guards before him and behind him, (so that devils may not
tamper with the divine revelation,) so that He knows that they
(angels) have conveyed the messages of their Lord. And He has
encompassed all that is with them, and has comprehensive
knowledge of everything by numbers.” [72:26-28]
(4) The Unseen is Intimated to the Prophet by Allah

According to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, it is part of Ilm al-Ghaib, not whole,

as the Qur’an says:
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 175

َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ َ ُ ْ ‫ََ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﻟ ُﻴﻄ ِﻠ َﻌﻜ ْﻢ َﻋ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ِﺐ َوﻟ ِﻜ ﱠﻦ اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻳ ْﺠ َﺘ ِ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُر ُﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء ]آل‬ ‫ وﻣﺎ‬47
[3:179 ‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“Allah is not to inform you of the Unseen, but Allah selects from His
messengers whom He wills.” [3:179]
(5) The Unseen was Presented before the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

One of the ways was that the unseen was presented by Allah before
the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, as the Qur’an said:
َْ
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻗ‬ ْ َ ْ ْ ً َ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن اﻟ ِﺬي أ ْﺳ َﺮى ِ َﻌ ْﺒ ِﺪ ِﻩ ﻟ ْﻴﻼ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ َﻤ ْ ِ ِﺪ ا َ َﺮ ِام ِإ اﻟ َﻤ ْ ِ ِﺪ‬ ‫ ﺳﺒﺤ‬48
َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ُ َْ َ َ َْ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[17:1 ‫اﻟ ِﺬي ﺑﺎرﻛﻨﺎ ﺣﻮﻟﮫ ِﻟ ِ ﻳﮫ ِﻣﻦ آﻳ ِﺎﺗﻨﺎ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬

“Glorious is He Who made his servant travel by night from Al-Masjid-

ul-Haram to Al-Masjid-ul-AqSa whose environs We have blessed, so
that We let him see some of Our signs.” [17:1]
The ‘signs’ mentioned in the verse mean the unseen things.
(6) The Jannah and Jahannam were Presented before the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

One of the ways was that the Jannah and Jahannam were presented
before the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and he saw many things of them.
َ َ َ ََ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ََ ْ َ
‫ﺲ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ َﺳﺄﻟﻮا َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﺣ ﱠ أ ْﺣ َﻔ ْﻮ ُﻩ اﻟ َﻤ ْﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻓﻐ ِﻀ َﺐ‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬6
‫ﱠ‬ َ
َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬......" ‫ﺎل " َﻻ َ ْﺴﺄ ُﻟﻮ ِ ﻲ ْاﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ َم َﻋ ْﻦ َ ْ ٍء إ ﱠﻻ َﺑ ﱠﻴ ْ ُﺘ ُﮫ َﻟ ُﻜ ْﻢ‬
َ ‫ﺼ ِﻌ َﺪ ْاﻟﻤ ْﻨ َ َ َﻓ َﻘ‬
َ ‫َﻓ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ِ ِ
َ‫اﻟﻨ ُﺎر َﺣ ﱠ َ َرأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ َو َراء‬
‫ﺻ ّﻮ َر ْت ا ْ َ ﱠﻨ ُﺔ َو ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ إ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬،‫ﻂ‬ ‫ْ َْ َ ﱠ ّ َ َْْ َ ﱡ‬ ُ ْ ََ َ
ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ ِ ا ِ واﻟﺸ ِﺮ ﺎﻟﻴﻮ ِم ﻗ‬
ْ
(7089 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1222 ،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻌﻮذ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔ ن‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ا َ ِﺎﺋ ِﻂ‬

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: Once the people started asking Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬questions, and they asked so many questions that he
became angry and ascended the pulpit and said, "I will answer
whatever questions you may ask me today." …… Allah's Messenger
176 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(‫ )ﷺ‬said, " I have never seen a day like today in its good and its evil
for Paradise and the Hell Fire were displayed in front of me, till I saw
them just beyond this wall." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Fitan, p. 1222,
No. 7089)

This Hadith says that the Jannah and Jahannam were projected before
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and he saw them closely.
(7) Some Things of the World were Presented before the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

Some of the things of the world were presented before Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
and he saw them.

‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻌﻢ ﻋﺮض ﻋ ﻣﺎ ﻮ‬....... ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ اﻟﺼﺪﯾﻖ ﻗﺎل أﺻﺒﺢ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ذات ﯾﻮم‬7
، (16 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،10 ‫ ص‬،1 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ‬، ‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫ﺎﺋﻦ ﻣﻦ أﻣﺮ اﻟﺪﻧﯿﺎ و أﻣﺮ اﻵﺧﺮة‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abi Bakr Al-Siddiq (raz), he

said, One morning the Prophet (‫ …… )ﷺ‬the (great things) that will
happen in this world and in the hereafter have been presented before
me.” (Musnad Ahmad, Musnad Abi Bakr, v. 1, p. 10, No. 16)
Hadith says that the big events of the world and the hereafter were
projected before the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and thus he knew some of the
unseen things. But this was part of the unseen, not whole, and it may
not be, as the knowledge of Allah is limitless, and the knowledge of
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is limited, so how limitless knowledge of the unseen
can be acquired by the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
The Verses that Create Doubt of Absolute Ilm al-Ghaib

Some people prove Ilm al-Ghaib for the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬through the
following verses and Hadiths. They presented the words “tibyana li
kulli shai” (an exposition of everything) in the following verse as proof
that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given all Ilm al-Ghaib.
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 177

ْ ْ ً َ ُ َ ‫ َو َﻧ ﱠ ْﺰﻟ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻚ ْاﻟﻜ َﺘ‬49

‫ﺎب ِﺗ ْ َﻴ ًﺎﻧﺎ ِﻟ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء َو ُ ًﺪى َو َر ْﺣ َﻤﺔ َو ُ ﺸ َﺮى ِﻟﻠ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠ ِﻤ َن ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ ِ
[16:89

“And We have revealed to you the Book, an exposition of everything,

and guidance, and mercy, and glad tidings for the Muslims.” [16:89]
In Tafseer Ibn Abbas, the words “tibyana li kulli shai” were explained
as “exposition of everything related to halal, haram, commandment
and prohibition” and it was not explained as ‘whole Ilm al-Ghaib’.
Therefore, presenting this verse as proof of ‘whole Ilm al-Ghaib’ is
baseless.
ً ُ َ ْ َ ّ ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ً ُ ْ َ َى َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻣﺎ ﺎن ﺣ ِﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﻳﻔ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ ﺗﺼ ِﺪﻳﻖ اﻟ ِﺬي ﺑ ن ﻳﺪﻳ ِﮫ وﺗﻔ ِﺼﻴﻞ ِﻞ ٍء و ﺪى‬50
َ ً
[12:111 ‫َو َر ْﺣ َﻤﺔ ِﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ ٍم ُﻳ ْﺆ ِﻣ ُﻨﻮن ]ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‬

“It is not an invented story, rather, a confirmation of what has been

before it, and an elaboration of everything, and guidance and mercy
for a people who believe.” [12:111]
The verse says that the Qur’an revealed to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is “an
elaboration of everything”, so according to some people, this is proof
that he knew all Ilm al-Ghaib.
But according to Tafseer Ibn Abbas, “elaboration of everything”
means halal and haram, not whole Ilm al-Ghaib, as all the unseen
knowledge of Allah cannot be confined to a book only. Tafseer Ibn
Abbas reads: “elaboration of everything i.e. explanation of halal,
haram, commandment and prohibition” (See: 12:111)
ُ‫ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﻦ ا ْ َﺗ َ ﻣ ْﻦ َر ُﺳﻮل َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧﮫ‬ ‫ َﻋﺎﻟ ُﻢ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻴﺐ َﻓ َﻼ ُﻳ ْﻈ ُﺮ َﻋ َ َﻏ ْﻴﺒﮫ َأ َﺣ ًﺪا‬51
ِ ٍَ ِ ‫ِ ِ ر‬ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ْ َّ َ َ ُ ََْ ْ َ ْ َ َ َْ َ َ ‫َ ْﺴ ُﻠ ُﻚ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ْ ن َﻳ َﺪ ْﻳﮫ َوﻣ ْﻦ َﺧﻠﻔﮫ َر‬
ْ
‫ ِﻟﻴﻌﻠﻢ أن ﻗﺪ أﺑﻠﻐﻮا ِرﺳﺎﻻ ِت رِ ِ ﻢ وأﺣﺎط‬ ‫ﺻ ًﺪا‬ ِِ ِ ِ ِ َ ِ
ً َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ََْ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[72:26-28 ‫ﻞ ٍء ﻋﺪدا ]ا ﻦ‬ ‫ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻟﺪ ِ ﻢ وأﺣ‬

“(He is the) Knower of the Unseen. So He does not let anyone know
the Unseen created by Him, except a messenger whom He chooses
178 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(to inform through revelation), and then He appoints (angels as)

watching guards before him and behind him, (so that devils may not
tamper with the divine revelation,) so that He knows that they have
conveyed the messages of their Lord. And He has encompassed all
that is with them, and has comprehensive knowledge of every thing
by numbers.” [72:26-28]
Some people have presented this verse as proof that Allah gives
knowledge of the unseen to a messenger whom He chooses. So, Allah
revealed the unseen before the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and became aware of it.
But this implication is incorrect, as the next part of the verse “that
they have conveyed the messages of their Lord” contradicts it, so the
verse means the unseen things related to prophethood, not whole
ghaib. This is amply clear by pondering over the verse.
Tafseer Ibn Abbas also says that the verse means part of ghaib: “So
He does not let anyone know the Unseen created by Him, except a
messenger whom He chooses i.e. he chooses from the messengers
and let them know some of the unseen.” (Tafseer Ibn Abbas, p 620,
72:25-26)
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ َ ُ ْ ‫ََ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﻟ ُﻴﻄ ِﻠ َﻌﻜ ْﻢ َﻋ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ِﺐ َوﻟ ِﻜ ﱠﻦ اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻳ ْﺠ َﺘ ِ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُر ُﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء ]آل‬ ‫ وﻣﺎ‬52
[3:179 ‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“Allah is not to inform you of the Unseen. But Allah selects from His
messengers whom He wills.” [3:179]
The verse addresses the disbelievers of Makkah saying that Allah does
not let you know the unseen, rather he selects some of his
messengers whom He wills and let him know some of the unseen.
Here also, Tafseer Ibn Abbas says that this is part of ghaib: “Allah is
not to inform you (of people of Makkah) of the Unseen, but He selects
from His messengers whom He wills i.e. the Messenger Muhammad
so He lets him know some of the unseen through revelation.” (Tafseer
Ibn Abbas, p 80, 3:179) It clearly says that this is some of the unseen
things, not whole.
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 179
َ ْ َ ُُ
َ ‫اﻷ ْ ض َوَﻻ َ ْﻃﺐ َوَﻻ َﻳﺎ ﺲ إ ﱠﻻ ﻛ‬ َ ََ
[6:59 ‫ﺎب ُﻣ ِﺒ ٍن ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬‫ﺘ‬
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ٍ ‫ِ ر ِ ر‬ ‫ﺎت‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻇ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﱠ‬
ِ ٍ ‫ و‬53
‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻻ‬

“…and there is no grain in the dark layers of the earth, or anything

fresh or dry that is not recorded in a manifest book.” [6:59]
Some people are of the view that “manifest book” in the verse is the
Glorious Qur’an and it was revealed to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬so it means
that he got the whole ghaib.
But this implication is not correct, as “manifest book” in the verse is
the “Preserved Tablet” which was not given to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬,
rather it is with Allah only and everything is recorded therein.
Here also, Tafseer Ibn Abbas says: “Manifest Book i.e. everything is
recorded in the Preserved Tablet.”
And the Preserved Tablet was not given to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, so he
does not know the whole ghaib.
Hadiths that are Presented to Prove Ilm al-Ghaib for the
Prophet

There are four hadiths which mention ‘ma kana wa ma yahoon’ i.e.
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬mentioned before the Sahaba what had happened
in past and what shall happen in future. It means that the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬had the knowledge of affairs from beginning of the creation to
their entry into Jannah or Jahannam. Thus, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬had the
knowledge of ‘ma kana wa ma yahoon’.
Some people present these hadiths as proofs of Ilm al-Ghaib for the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, but if you deliberate in these hadiths, you will come to
know that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was informed of great events and
disturbances in future which he mentioned before the Companions;
since Ilm al-Ghaib is countless and it cannot be described in single day.
While, in another Hadith, it is clearly mentioned that the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
informed Hadhrat Huziafa (may Allah be pleased with him) of all
turbulent events occurring before Qiyamah.
180 | Samarat al-Aqaid

However, if we suppose that this Hadith means whole Ilm al-Ghaib,

then it contradict the forty verses of the Qur’an which clearly declared
that he did not have absolute knowledge of Ilm al-Ghaib.
The hadiths are follows:
ُ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ََْ ُ ْ َ
‫ﺎل ﻗ َﺎم ِﻓ َﻴﻨﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻣ َﻘ ًﺎﻣﺎ َﻣﺎ ﺗ َﺮ َك ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َﻳ ﻮن ِ َﻣ َﻘ ِﺎﻣ ِﮫ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ‬8
َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ
.‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ ِإﻻ َﺣ ﱠﺪث ِﺑ ِﮫ َﺣ ِﻔﻈ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ِﻔﻈ ُﮫ َو ِﺴ َﻴ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ ِﺴ َﻴ ُﮫ ﻗ ْﺪ َﻋ ِﻠ َﻤ ُﮫ أ ْ َ ﺎ ِ ﻲ َ ُﺆﻻ ِء‬ ‫ذ ِﻟ َﻚ ِإ ِﻗ َﻴ ِﺎم اﻟﺴ‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1251 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أﺧﺒﺎر اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾ ﻮن إ ﻗﯿﺎم اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫) ﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(7263/2891

Hadhrat Hudhaifa (raz) reported that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬stood

before us one day and he did not leave anything unsaid (that he had
to say) at that very spot which would happen (in the shape of turmoil)
up to the Last Hour. Those who had to remember them preserved
them in their minds and those who could not remember them forgot
them. My friends knew them. (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fitan, p. 1251,
No. 2891/7263)

This Hadith says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬mentioned all the events
occurring before the Qiyamah. The scholars have explained that he
mentioned the great tribulations, not the whole ghaib; since the same
hadiths were recorded with other chains and they clearly mention
‘tribulations’. Here are the hadiths:
‫اﻟﻠﮫ إ ّ ﻲ َﻷ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس ﺑ ُ ّﻞ ﻓ ْﺘ َﻨﺔ َ َ ﺎﺋ َﻨ ٌﺔ ﻓﻴ َﻤﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َو َ ْ َن اﻟ ﱠﺴ‬ ‫َ َ ُ ََْ ُ ْ ُ ََْ َ ﱠ‬
.‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻴﻤ ِﺎن و‬9
ِ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1251 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أﺧﺒﺎر اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾ ﻮن إ ﻗﯿﺎم اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫) ﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(7263/2891

Hadhrat Hudhaifa (raz) said: “By Allah, I have the best knowledge
amongst people about every turmoil which is going to appear in the
period intervening me and the Last Hour.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-
Fitan, p. 1251, No. 2891/7263)

So, these are not the whole ghaib, rather these hadiths mention the
great tribulations occurring before the Qiyamah.
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 181

َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﺑ َﻤﺎ ُ َﻮ َ ﺎﺋ ٌﻦ إ َ َأ ْن َﺗ ُﻘ‬

‫ﻮم‬
‫َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ َﱠ ُ َ َ َ ََْ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ أﻧﮫ ﻗﺎل أﺧ ِ ﻲ رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ‬10
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َْ َ َ َُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب أﺧﺒﺎر اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾ ﻮن‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺎﻋﺔ ﻓ َﻤﺎ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ َ ْ ٌء ِإ ﱠﻻ ﻗ ْﺪ َﺳﺄﻟ ُﺘ ُﮫ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬
(7263/2891 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1251 ‫ ص‬،‫إ ﻗﯿﺎم اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬
Hadhrat Hudhaifa (raz) reported that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬informed
me of what is going to happen before the approach of the Last Hour.
And there is nothing that I did not ask him in this connection…” (Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Fitan, p. 1251, No. 2891/7263)
‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َﱠ‬ َ َ
‫ﺻ ِﺑ َﻨﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل‬- ‫ ﻌ ِ ﻋﻤﺮو ﺑﻦ أﺧﻄﺐ‬- ،‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪﺛ ِ أ ُﺑﻮ َزْ ٍﺪ‬11
‫ﺻﻌ َﺪ ْاﻟﻤ ْﻨ َ َ َﻓ َﺨ َﻄ َﺒ َﻨﺎ َﺣ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱡْ َََ َ َ َﱠ ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ََْ َ َ َََ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ‫اﻟﻔﺠ َﺮ وﺻ ِﻌﺪ اﻟ ِﻤﻨ ﻓﺨﻄﺒﻨﺎ ﺣ ﺣﻀ َﺮ ِت اﻟﻈﻬ ُﺮ ﻓ ل ﻓﺼ ﺛﻢ‬
َ َ ‫ﺲ َﻓ َﺄ ْﺧ َ َ َﻧﺎ ﺑ َﻤﺎ‬
َ‫ﺎن َو ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻌ َﺪ ْاﻟﻤ ْﻨ َ َ َﻓ َﺨ َﻄ َﺒ َﻨﺎ َﺣ ﱠ َﻏ َﺮَ ﺖ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻤ‬ َ ‫ﺼ ﱠ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ‬ ْ ‫ﻀ َﺮ ِت ْاﻟ َﻌ‬
َ ‫ﺼ ُﺮ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻧ َﺰ َل َﻓ‬ َ ‫َﺣ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ َ َ ََ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب أﺧﺒﺎر اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾ ﻮن إ ﻗﯿﺎم‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ُ َﻮ ِﺎﺋ ٌﻦ ﻓﺄ ْﻋﻠ ُﻤ َﻨﺎ أ ْﺣ َﻔﻈ َﻨﺎ‬
(7263/2891 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1251 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬

Hadhrat Abu Zaid (viz. Amr b. Akhtab) reported: Allah's Messenger

(‫ )ﷺ‬led us in the dawn prayer and then mounted the pulpit and
addressed us until it was (time for the) noon prayer. He then came
down the pulpit and observed prayer and then again mounted the
pulpit and again addressed us until it was time for the 'Asr prayer. He
then again came down and observed the prayer and again mounted
the pulpit and addressed us until the sun was set and he informed
(about) everything (pertaining to turmoil) that lay hidden in the past
and what lies in (the womb) of) the future and the most learned
amongst us is one who remembers them well” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab
al-Fitan, p. 1251, No. 2891/7263)

This Hadith says that he told what happened in past and what will
happen in future, but obviously he may not tell all the Ilm al-Ghaib in
single day, rather he must have told only big events and tribulations.
Therefore, Imam Muslim has recorded this Hadith in the ‘Book of
Tribulations’ and in the same chapter he recorded the Hadith of
Hadhrat Abu Huzaifah which was quoted earlier (See Hadith 10) in
which clearly says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬mentioned the great
tribulations occurring before Qiyamahnot the whole ghaib.
182 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ْ ََ ‫ َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻗ َﺎم ﻓ َﻴﻨﺎ ﱠ‬12

‫ ﻓﺄﺧ َ َ ﻧﺎ َﻋ ْﻦ‬،‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻣ َﻘ ًﺎﻣﺎ‬ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ‫ َو َأ ْ ُﻞ ﱠ‬،‫َﺑ ْﺪء ا ْ َ ْﻠﻖ َﺣ ﱠ َد َﺧ َﻞ َأ ْ ُﻞ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨﺔ َﻣ َﻨﺎ َزﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ‬
ْ‫ َو َ ﺴ َﻴ ُﮫ َﻣﻦ‬،‫ َﺣﻔﻆ َذﻟ َﻚ َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣﻔﻈ ُﮫ‬،‫اﻟﻨﺎر َﻣ َﻨﺎزﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﴿و ﻮ اﻟﺬی ﯾﺒﺪء ا ﻠﻖ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺑﺪء ا ﻠﻖ‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ِﺴ َﻴﮫ‬
(3192 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،532 ‫( ﴾ ص‬30:27) ‫ﺛﻢ ﻌﯿﺪە و ﻮ ا ﻮن ﻋﻠﯿ‬

Hadhrat 'Umar (raz) narrated: “One day the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬stood up

amongst us for a long period and informed us about the beginning of
creation (and talked about everything in detail) till he mentioned how
the people of Paradise will enter their places and the people of Hell
will enter their places. Some remembered what he had said, and
some forgot it.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab Bad-i-al-Khalqal, p. 532, No.
3192)

This Hadith also says that the Prophets (‫ )ﷺ‬mentioned great events
and big tribulations, not the whole ghaib, as telling all the ghaib is not
possible in single day.
َ ََ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َُ ََ ْ َ
‫ﺲ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ َﺳﺄﻟﻮا َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﺣ ﱠ أ ْﺣ َﻔ ْﻮ ُﻩ اﻟ َﻤ ْﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬13
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬......" ‫ﺎل " َﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺄ ُﻟﻮ ِ ﻲ ْاﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ َم َﻋ ْﻦ َ ْ ٍء إ ﱠﻻ َﺑ ﱠﻴ ْ ُﺘ ُﮫ َﻟ ُﻜ ْﻢ‬ َ ‫ﺼ ِﻌ َﺪ ْاﻟﻤ ْﻨ َ َ َﻓ َﻘ‬ َ ‫َﻓ َﻐﻀ َﺐ َﻓ‬
ِ ِ ِ
َ ُ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ َ
ُ ‫ إ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬،‫اﻟﺸ ّﺮ ﺎﻟ َﻴ ْﻮم ﻗﻂ‬ ْ َ ْ
‫" َﻣﺎ َ أ ْﻳ ُﺖ ا َ ْ َو ﱠ‬ َ
‫اﻟﻨ ُﺎر َﺣ ﱠ َرأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ُﻬ َﻤﺎ َو َر َاء‬ ‫ﺻ ّﻮ َر ْت ا َ ﱠﻨﺔ َو ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ر‬
ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ
َ ‫اﻵﻳﺔ } َﻳﺎ أ ﱡﻳ َﻬﺎ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬ َ ‫ﻳﺚ ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َ ﺬﻩ‬ ْ
ُ َ َ َ ُ َ ُْ َُ ََ َ َ َ ْ‫ا‬
‫ﻳﻦ آ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا ﻻ ْﺴﺄﻟﻮا َﻋ ْﻦ أﺷ َﻴ َﺎء‬ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ﺎد‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ." ‫ﻂ‬ ‫ﺎﺋ‬
ِ ِ
َ ُ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ َ ُ َ ُ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ٌ ‫إ ْن ُﺗ ْﺒ َﺪ ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ُﺴﺆﻛ ْﻢ َو ن ْﺴﺄﻟﻮا ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ِﺣ ن ُﻳ ُل اﻟﻘ ْﺮآن ﺗ ْﺒﺪ ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ﻋﻔﺎ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ َواﻟﻠﮫ ﻏﻔﻮ ٌر ﺣ ِﻠ‬
َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ُ َ
‫ﻴﻢ‬ ِ ِ
(7089 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1222 ،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻌﻮذ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔ ن‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫[ { ) ﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬101/‫]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: Once the people started asking Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬questions, and they asked so many questions that he
became angry and ascended the pulpit and said, "I will answer
whatever questions you may ask me today." …… Allah's Messenger
(‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I have never seen a day like today in its good and its evil for
Paradise and the Hell Fire were displayed in front of me, till I saw them
just beyond this wall." Qatada said: This Hadith used to be mentioned
as an explanation of this Verse: O you who believe, do not ask about
things which, if disclosed, would displease you. If you ask about them
while the Qur‘an is being revealed, they will be disclosed to you. Allah
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 183

has pardoned you for it. Allah is Most-Forgiving, Forbearing.' (5:101)

(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Fitan, p. 1222, No. 7089)

Some people have presented this Hadith as proof that the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬said to the Companions that he will tell whatever they will ask
him.
The scholars contradicted it that the Hadith itself says that ‘Allah (‫)ﷻ‬
presented the Jannah and Jahannam before me and I continued
telling what I was asked’, it is not ghaib, rather it is wahy (revelation)
which used to sent to him. It says if you ask about things while the
Qur‘an is being revealed, it will be disclosed. So, it means that it was
wahy revealed to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
‫َ َ ﱠ ُ َْ ُ َ َ َ َْ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ َذ‬ ّ ‫اﻟﺼ‬ َْ َ ْ َ
‫ات َﻳ ْﻮ ٍم‬ ِ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﮫ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ،‫ﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ّ
ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺑ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ر‬14
‫ﺮ‬‫ﻜ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ﱠو ُﻟﻮ َن َو ْاﻵﺧ ُﺮو َن ﺑ‬ َْ َ ُ َ َ ْ ََْ َْ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ََ ﱠ َ ُ َ َ ٌ ْ َْ ﱡ‬
‫ﻴﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﺼ ِﻌ‬ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻌﻢ ﻋ ِﺮض ﻋ ﻣﺎ ﻮ ِﺎﺋﻦ ِﻣﻦ أﻣ ِﺮ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ وأﻣ ِﺮ اﻵ ِﺧﺮ ِة ﻓﺠ ِﻤﻊ‬......
ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ ْ ََ ُ َ َ َ ََ ْ ﱠ‬
‫ َو َ ُﻘﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ﱠﺰ َو َﺟ ﱠﻞ ا ْرﻓ ْﻊ َرأ َﺳ َﻚ‬...... ‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬ ‫َو ِاﺣ ٍﺪ ﻓﻔ ِﻈﻊ اﻟﻨﺎس ِﺑﺬ ِﻟﻚ ﺣ اﻧﻄﻠﻘﻮا ِإ آدم ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ‬
َ ُ ْ ُ
(16 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،10 ‫ ص‬،1 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ‬، ‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫َﻳﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪ َوﻗ ْﻞ ُ ْﺴ َﻤ ْﻊ َواﺷ َﻔ ْﻊ ﺸ ﱠﻔ ْﻊ‬
It was narrated that Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq said: One day the Messenger
of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬got up …… “Yes, I was shown what is to come of this world
and the Hereafter. The earlier and later generations were gathered in
one place and the people got terrified because of that. They went to
Adam ……. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, will say: Raise your
head, O Muhammad; speak and you will be heard, intercede and your
intercession will be accepted.” (Musnad Ahmad, Musnad Abi Bakr, v.
1, p. 10, No. 16)

Some people have presented this Hadith as proof that the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬had the knowledge of the ghaib as he was presented all things of
the world and the hereafter, so he knew all the things of ghaib.
The scholars contradicted it that the seeing the entire Hadith
indicates that the big events were revealed to the Prophet (‫;)ﷺ‬
specially how people will approach the Prophet Adam (‫ )ﷻ‬and other
184 | Samarat al-Aqaid

prophets and how the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would intercede before Allah. So,
the whole Ilm al-Ghaib is not meant at all.
َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َّ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ل‬ ‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠ‬15
ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻌ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ك‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫أ‬ " ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﺎس‬ٍ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ِ
َ َ ْ َ ُ
َ ‫ﻴﻢ َﻳﺨﺘﺼ ُﻢ اﻟ َﻤﻸ اﻷﻋ ﻗ‬ ْ َ ْ ْ َ
َ ‫ﺎل َﻳﺎ ُﻣﺤ ﱠﻤﺪ ْﻞ ﺗﺪري ﻓ‬ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ُ َ
َ ‫ﺎل أ ْﺣ‬ َ َ َ ُ ‫َأ ْﺣ َﺴﻦ‬
‫ﺎل‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎم‬
ِ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ة‬ٍ ‫ﻮر‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ
َ ْ َُ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﺎل ﻓ َﻮﺿ َﻊ َﻳﺪ ُﻩ َﺑ ْ ن ﻛ ِﺘﻔ ﱠﻰ َﺣ َو َﺟﺪت َﺑ ْﺮ َد َ ﺎ َﺑ ْ ن ﺛﺪ َ ﱠﻰ أ ْو ﻗ‬ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ُﻗ ْﻠ ُﺖ ﻻ‬
َ َ
ِ ‫ﺎل ِ ﻧﺤ ِﺮي ﻓﻌ ِﻠﻤﺖ ﻣﺎ‬ َ ُ َْ ُ َْ َ َ َ
‫ل‬ َ ‫ َﻗﺎ‬. ‫اﻷ ْﻋ َ ُﻗ ْﻠ ُﺖ َ َﻌ ْﻢ‬ ‫ﻸ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ي‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ْ ‫ﺎل َﻳﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ُﺪ َ ْﻞ َﺗ‬ َ ‫اﻷ ْرض َﻗ‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ َﻮ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ات وﻣﺎ‬ ِ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺗﻔﺴ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ات‬ َ ‫اﻟﺼ َﻠ‬
‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ات ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﻜ ُﺚ ْاﻟ َﻤ َﺴﺎﺟﺪ َ ْﻌ‬
‫ﺪ‬ ُ َ ‫ َو ْاﻟ َﻜ ﱠﻔﺎ‬. ‫ْاﻟ َﻜ ﱠﻔﺎ َ ات‬
‫ر‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ر‬
(3235/3234/3233 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،734 ‫ ص‬،‫ص‬ ٓ ‫ﺑﺎب وﻣﻦ ﺳﻮرة‬

It is narrated from Hadhrat Ibn 'Abbas (raz) that the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “During the night, my Lord, Blessed is He, and Most
High, came to me in the best of appearances." He (one of the
narrators) said - I think he said it was during a dream - "So he said: 'O
Muhammad! Do you know in what the most exalted group busy
themselves with?'" He said: "I said: 'No.'" He said: "So He placed His
Hand between my shoulders, until I sensed its coolness between my
breast." - or he said: "on my throat, so I knew what was in the
heavens, and what was in the earth. He said: 'O Muhammad! Do you
know in what the most exalted group busy themselves with?' I said:
'Yes, in the acts that atone: and the acts that atone are; lingering in
the Masjid after the Salat.” (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab Tafsir al-Quran,
Surah Saad, p. 734, No. 3233/3234/3235)

There are three hadiths:

Hadith No. 3233 says: “So I knew what is between the heavens and
the earth.”
Hadith No. 3234 says: “So I knew what is between the east and the
west.”
Hadith No. 3235 says: “So all things became apparent before me and
recognized them.”
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 185

So, some people present these hadiths as proof that the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
had knowledge of all ghaib.
While the other scholars explain these hadiths in four ways:
1. This hadith contradicts the aforementioned 37 verses of the
Qur’an, in which the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to clearly declare
that he did not have Ilm al-Ghaib.
2. In the hadith itself, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked about the
angels and he said: he did not know.
3. He was not given all the ilm al-ghaib, but some secrets were
revealed about the al-Mala al-A’la (Upper Realm), that what
the people of the Upper Realm are ahead of, so that the Holy
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬could tell his ummah about those virtues.
4. This hadith is related to dream.
Therefore, one may not prove whole ilm al-ghaib for him from this
hadith.
‫ ﻋﻦ ﺛﻮ ﺎن ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ إن اﻟﻠ زوی اﻷرض ﻓﺮأﻳﺖ ﻣﺸﺎرﻗﻬﺎ و ﻣﻐﺎر ﻬﺎ و إن‬16
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻼک ﺬە اﻷﻣﺔ ﻌﻀﻬﻢ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫أﻣ ﺳ ﺒﻠﻎ ﻣﻠﮑﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ زوی ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
(7278/2889 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1250 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺒﻌﺾ‬
Hadhrat Thauban (raz) reported that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“Verily, Allah drew the ends of the world near me until I saw its east
and west, and surely my Ummah's authority shall reach over all that
was shown to me of it.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fitan, p. 1250, No.
2889/7278)
This hadith also is presented as proof on Ilm al-Ghaib for him.
In fact, it was a miracle of him that the land from east to west was
presented before him and he saw it. But seeing only the things of the
east and the west do not include all ilm al-ghaib, rather he knew some
of ghaib.
Second, in the hadith, the word ‘zawa’ is past verb which implies that
this incident occurred once. Otherwise, had he all the ilm al-ghaib,
186 | Samarat al-Aqaid

then what was the need to present the land before him; therefore the
hadith does not establish Ilm al-Ghaib for the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, rather it
is established that he was given knowledge of some unseen things
(ghiab).
‫ )ﺳ ن‬.‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ذر ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ إ ﻲ أری ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺗﺮون و أﺳﻤﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺴﻤﻌﻮن‬17
،530 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻗﻮل اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻟﻮ ﻌﻠﻤﻮن ﻣﺎ أﻋﻠﻢ ﻟ ﮑﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﯿﻼ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬،‫اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬
(2312 ‫رﻗﻢ‬
It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Dharr (raz), the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "You do not know what I see, and you
cannot hear what I hear." (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Zuhd, p. 530,
No. 2312)
Some people have presented this hadith as proof of Ilm al-Ghaib for
the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, but it also does not establish whole Ilm al-Ghaib,
rather only some of ghaib which was disclosed to him exclusively by
Allah (‫)ﷻ‬.
These were 10 verses and 8 hadiths which were misunderstood by
some that they proved whole Ilm al-Ghaib for the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. It was
explained repeatedly that this concept goes against the 40 verses of
the Qur’an and 8 hadiths.
Is there One Except Allah who Knows Everything of us?

The third type of ghaib is that each and every condition of an

individual (like his life, death, livelihood, cure, disease, harm, benefit
etc.). The Qur’an is very clear about it as it asks the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to
declare:
َ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ‬
‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬54
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ََ ﱠ‬ َ
[46:9 ‫ِإ ﱠ َو َﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬ ٌﻳﺮ ُﻣ ِﺒ ٌن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬

“Say, I am not something unprecedented among the messengers,

and I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
10 - Allah Alone Has the Knowledge of Ghaib | 187

anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”

[46:9]
In this verse, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is announcing that even he does not
know what will happen to him and to others, so how one can say that
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬knew the conditions of each and every individual.
َ ُ ْ َ ََ َ َْ َ ُ َْ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َْ َ ُ َْ ْ ََْ ْ َ ْ
‫ﻮﺣ ﺎ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻌﻠﻤ ﺎ أﻧﺖ وﻻ ﻗﻮﻣﻚ ] ﻮد‬ ِ ‫ ِﺗﻠﻚ ِﻣﻦ أﻧﺒ ِﺎء اﻟﻐﻴ ِﺐ ﻧ‬55
[11:49

“These are some reports from the unseen (events), which We reveal
to you. You did not know them before this, neither you nor your
people.” [11:49]
In this verse, Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬says that neither the Prophet knew nor his
people, so how can the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬know the conditions of each and
every individual.
Totally, these were quoted 55 verses and 17 hadiths regarding this
belief, as you saw their details.
Hindus Believe that their Deities Had Knowledge of the
Unseen

The Hindus believe that their deities and dead saints know the Ghaib
and come to their help if they are in need. This is the reason that they
worship their deities and call them for help

Similarly, many other religious communities believe that their saints

and spiritual leaders know Ilm al-Ghaib and fulfill their needs.
Therefore, they worship these deities and idols and call them in their
needs. So Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬declared very emphatically in the Qur’an that
none has the knowledge of the unseen except Allah and none
deserves to be worshipped and called for help except Allah (‫)ﷻ‬.
 | 188

11 – We Must Call only Allah for

Help

We shall quote 38 verses from the Qur’an and 4 Hadiths of the

Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Here are the details:

Seeking Help is of Two Types

(1) If someone is present before you, you can seek help from him, it
is not prohibited, rather permissible. For example, the Companions
asked the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to pray, or as in Judgment Day people will
approach him and request him to intercede before Allah (‫)ﷻ‬, or as
we approach a doctor hor treatment, or as we ask our mothers for
food.

Based on the requests made to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in his lifetime, some
people have argued that seeking help from them even after death is
also permissible, whereas the case after death is totally different.
Seeking help even after death needs to be established by a verse of
the Qur’an or Hadith.

(2) It is not lawful to believe about a person who had already died and
is not present before you that he listens you and can help you in your
affairs; since only Allah can give in this way.

Solve Four Questions before Seeking Help from a Dead

(1) The first question is: whether the dead, who we call, hear our
voices or not?
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 189

This issue shall be discussed that the dead hear our voices or not. This
is a gravely contentious issue. A group says that the dead does not
hear, as the Qur’an said:

“And the living and the dead are not alike. Allah makes to hear
whomsoever He wills. And you cannot make to hear those who are in
the graves.” [35:22]

The verse clearly says that you may not make the dead hear.

The second group says that we cannot make the dead hear, but if
Allah wills the dead can hear, as the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬addressed the
corpses of Abu Jahl and others and asked them whether you found
what was promised by Allah, as the hadith says:

‫ وﺟﺪﺗﻢ ﻣﺎ وﻋﺪ ر ﮑﻢ ﺣﻘﺎ؟ ﻓﻘﯿﻞ ﻟ أﺗﺪﻋﻮن‬:‫أن اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ أﺧ ە ﻗﺎل اﻃﻠﻊ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻋ أ ﻞ اﻟﻘﻠﯿﺐ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬، ‫ ) ﺑﺨﺎری ﺷﺮ ﻒ‬.‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻣﺎ أﻧﺘﻢ ﺑﺄﺳﻤﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ و ﻟﮑﻦ ﻻ ﯾﺠﯿﺒﻮن‬،‫أﻣﻮاﺗﺎ‬
(1370 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،220

Hadhrat Ibn 'Umar (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬peeped at the
well of Badr (where the dead bodies of disbelievers were put) and
said, 'Did Allaah fulfill what He promised you? The people said to the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬: You are calling the dead, so he said: You do not hear as
much as they hear, but they cannot answer.” (Sahih Bukhari, Bab Ma
Jaa Fi Azab Al-Qabr, p. 220, No. 1370)

This hadith says that the dead hear.

Now, when it is disputed whether the dead hear or not, then how one
can call dead for something?

(2) The second question is: if we ask anything from the dead, whether
can they help us? According to hadith: “When a person dies, the chain
of all his is discontinued.” (Tirmidhi, Hadith No. 1376) Now, he do not
190 | Samarat al-Aqaid

engage in any worldly action, thus it means that he has no power to

help us.

(3) The third question is: whether Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬or the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬have
asked us to seek help from the dead or have they prohibited us to do
so?

We shall quote 30 verses and 3 hadiths regarding this question. All

these verses and hadiths command us not to seek help from anyone
other than Allah.

(4) The fourth question is that the Hindus also believe in one God and
simultaneously they seek help from other deities. If you also seek help
from prophets and saints besides Allah, then what is the difference
between you and the Hindus?

Prayer Should be Made only to Allah

The Qur’an says:

َ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ُُْ َ ﱠ‬
[1:5 ‫ﺎك ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻌ ُن ]اﻟﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ‬ ‫ ِإﻳﺎك ﻌﺒﺪ و ِ ﻳ‬1

“You alone do we worship, and from You alone do we seek help.”

[1:4]

This verse very categorically states that a believer worships only Allah
and seeks help from Him alone. There are seventeen Rak’ah in five
obligatory salah and a believer proclaims seventeen times in a day
that he worships only Allah and seeks help from Him alone. Therefore,
it is unlawful to worship anyone and seek help from anyone beside
Allah.

َ‫َ ْ ﱠ ُ َ ْ ُ ن‬ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ ْ ‫َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ َن‬
[6:40-41 ‫ ﺑﻞ ِإﻳﺎﻩ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ ‫ أﻏ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ِإن ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﺻ ِﺎد ِﻗ ن‬2
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 191

“…would you call someone other than Allah, if you are truthful?
Rather, Him alone you will call…” [6:40-41]

ً َ َ ‫ََ ﱠ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ََ َ ْ ُ َ َ ﱠ‬
[72:18 ‫ وأن اﻟﻤﺴ ِﺎﺟﺪ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺪﻋﻮا ﻣﻊ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﺣﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬3

“and that masajid (mosques) belong to Allah; so, do not invoke

anyone along with Allah, [72:18]

َُ َْ َ ُُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻋ َﺒ ٌﺎد أ ْﻣﺜﺎﻟﻜ ْﻢ ﻓ ْﺎد ُﻋﻮ ُ ْﻢ ﻓﻠ َ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﺠ ُﻴﺒﻮا ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ِإ ْن‬‫ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬ‬4
[7:194 ‫ﺻ ِﺎد ِﻗ َن ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ َ ‫ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ‬

“Surely, those whom you invoke beside Allah are slaves (of Allah) like
you. So, call them, and they should respond to you if you are true.”
[7:194]
ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
[35:13 ‫ﻳﻦ ﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِﻧ ِﮫ َﻣﺎ َﻳ ْﻤ ِﻠ ﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻗﻄ ِﻤ ٍ ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‬‫ واﻟ ِﺬ‬5

“And those whom you invoke beside Him do not own even the
membrane on a date-stone.” [35:13]

ً َ َ ُ ْ ُ ََ َّ ُ ْ َ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ‬
[72:20 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أدﻋﻮ رِ ﻲ وﻻ أﺷ ِﺮك ِﺑ ِﮫ أﺣﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬6

“Say, I invoke my Lord, and do not associate anyone with Him.”

[72:20]
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ
[72:18 ‫ َوأ ﱠن اﻟ َﻤ َﺴ ِﺎﺟ َﺪ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓﻼ ﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮا َﻣ َﻊ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أ َﺣ ًﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬7

“and that masajid (mosques) belong to Allah; so, do not invoke

anyone along with Allah, [72:18]

ُ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ُ ُ ّ ََ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎﺷﻒ ﻟ ُﮫ ِإﻻ ُ َﻮ َو ِ ْن َﻳ ْﻤ َﺴ ْﺴ َﻚ ِﺑﺨ ْ ٍ ﻓ ُ َﻮ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ‬
ِ ‫ و ِ ن ﻳﻤﺴﺴﻚ اﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑﻀ ٍﺮ ﻓﻼ‬8
َ َ
[6:17 ‫ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪﻳﺮ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬
192 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“If Allah causes you harm, there is no one to remove it except He

Himself; and if He causes you good, then He is powerful over
everything.” [6:17]

ْ َ ‫ َو ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ُ ُ ّ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ُ َﻮ َو ْن ُﻳﺮ ْد َك ﺑ َﺨ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬9
‫ِ ِ ِ ٍ ﻓﻼ راد ِﻟﻔﻀ ِﻠ ِﮫ‬ ‫ﺎﺷﻒ ﻟﮫ ِإﻻ‬
ِ ‫ِ ن ﻳﻤﺴﺴﻚ اﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑﻀ ٍﺮ ﻓﻼ‬
[10:107 ‫]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬

“If Allah brings some harm to you, there is none to remove it except
He. And if He intends to bring some good to you, there is none to turn
His grace back.” [10:107]

These 9 verses very categorically and unambiguously command

believers to worship only Allah and seek help from Him alone. Then,
how can calling someone else other than Allah be lawful?

Help Should be Sought only with Allah

ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ََ ﱠ ْ ﱠ‬
[3:126 ‫ﺼ ُﺮ ِإﻻ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ اﻟ َﻌ ِﺰ ِﺰ ا َ ِﻜ ِﻴﻢ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬‫ وﻣﺎ اﻟﻨ‬10

“Help is from none but Allah, the All-Powerful, the All-Wise.” [3:126]

‫ََ ﱠ ُْ ﱠ ْ ْ ﱠ ﱠ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻋﺰ ٌﺰ َﺣ ِﻜ‬
[8:10 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل‬ ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﺼﺮ ِإﻻ ِﻣﻦ ِﻋﻨ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإن‬11

“And the help is from none but Allah. Surely, Allah is Mighty, Wise.”
[8:10]

َ ََ ّ َ ْ ‫َ َ َ ُ ْ ْ ُ ن ﱠ‬
[2:107 ‫ وﻣﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ دو ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ و ِ ٍ وﻻ ﻧ ِﺼ ٍ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬12

“Other than Allah, you have neither a patron, nor a helper.” [2:107]

َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َُ
[29:22 ‫ َو َﻣﺎ ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ َو ِ ّ ٍ َوﻻ ﻧ ِﺼ ٍ ]اﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮت‬13
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 193

“And, apart from Allah, you have neither a protector nor a helper.”
[29:22]

‫ر‬ َ ََ ّ َ ْ ‫َ َ َ ُ ْ ْ ُ ن ﱠ‬
[42:31 ‫ وﻣﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ دو ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ و ِ ٍ وﻻ ﻧ ِﺼ ٍ ]اﻟﺸﻮ ى‬14

“And, besides Allah, you have neither someone to protect, nor

someone to help.” [42:31]

َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[2:120 ‫ َﻣﺎ ﻟ َﻚ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ َو ِ ّ ٍ َوﻻ ﻧ ِﺼ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬15

“…there shall be no friend for you against Allah, nor a helper” [2:120]

These 6 verses state that there is none beside Allah who can help and
safeguard us; therefore help must not be sought from anyone except
Him.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He Cannot Cause Harm

or Benefit

In these verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare that he cannot

cause harm or benefit to myself, so that people do not call the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬for help. So, when the Muslims were prohibited to ask
the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, then how can it be allowed to ask others?

‫َ ﱠ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ً ََ َ ﱠ‬
[7:188 ‫ﺿﺮا ِإﻻ َﻣﺎ ﺷ َﺎء اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ وﻻ‬16

“Say, I have no power to bring a benefit or a harm to myself, except

that which Allah wills.” [7:188]

ُ ‫َ ََ َ ْ ً ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ
[10:49 ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﺿﺮا وﻻ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠﮫ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬17

“Say, I have no power to bring a harm or a benefit to myself, except

what Allah wills.” [10:49]
194 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ َ ْ َُ ُ َْ َ ّ ْ ُ
[72:21 ‫ﺿﺮا َوﻻ َرﺷ ًﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ﻟﻜﻢ‬18

“Say, I possess no power to cause you any harm or bring you to a right
way.” [72:21]

In these three verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare that he

possesses no power to harm or benefit; because in previous
communities believed in their deities that they harm and benefit, thus
they forsook Allah and began worshipping the deities and associated
partner with Allah.

These Three Verses also State that You Had no Authority

ْ ُ َ ّ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ٌ ْ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ
[3:128 ‫ ﻟ ﺲ ﻟﻚ ِﻣﻦ اﻷﻣ ِﺮ ء أو ﻳﺘﻮب ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ أو ﻌ ِﺬ ﻢ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬19

“You have no authority in the matter, unless Allah forgives them or

punishes them,” [3:128]

ُ ‫ﱠ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ًَ َ َ َ ّ َ ‫ََ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
18:23- ‫ ِإﻻ أن ﺸﺎء اﻟﻠﮫ ]اﻟﻜ ﻒ‬ ‫ﺎﻋ ٌﻞ ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻏﺪا‬
ِ ‫ وﻻ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻦ ِﻟ ْ ٍء ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻓ‬20
[24

“And never say about anything, .I will do this tomorrow, unless (you
say - if) Allah wills.” [18:23-24]

َ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َ ْ ﺪي َﻣ ْﻦ َ َﺸ ُﺎء َو ُ َﻮ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ ُﻢ ﺑ ْﺎﻟ ُﻤ ْ َﺘﺪﻳﻦ‬

‫ﱠ َ َ َْ َ ْ َ ْ َْ َ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ِإﻧﻚ ﻻ ِﺪي ﻣﻦ أﺣﺒ ﺖ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ‬21
ِ ِ ِ
[28:56 ‫]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬

“You cannot give guidance to whomsoever you wish, but Allah gives
guidance to whomsoever He wills, and He best knows the ones who
are on the right path.” [28:56]

This verse says that you can give guidance to anyone whom you wish
unless Allah wishes so. When the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬who was appointed by
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 195

Allah to call people to guidance cannot give guidance, then how can
he has authority to give other things and how can we call him for our
needs?

How Can They Help You When They Cannot Help Themselves

The Qur’an says:

ُ ‫ﺼ َﺮ ُﻛ ْﻢ َوَﻻ َأ ْﻧ ُﻔ َﺴ ُ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻨ‬
‫ﺼ ُﺮو َن‬ ُ ‫ﻳﻦ َﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮ َن ﻣ ْﻦ ُدوﻧﮫ َﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺘﻄ‬
ْ ‫ﻴﻌﻮ َن َﻧ‬ َ ‫ َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬22
ِ ِِ ِ ِ
[7:197 ‫]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬

“Those whom you call beside Him cannot help you, nor can they
help themselves.” [7:197]

ُ ‫ﺼ ًﺮا َوَﻻ َأ ْﻧ ُﻔ َﺴ ُ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻨ‬

[7:192 ‫ﺼ ُﺮو َن ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ ُ ‫ َوَﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺘﻄ‬23
ْ ‫ﻴﻌﻮ َن َﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻧ‬
ِ

“And they (the alleged partners) cannot extend to them any help, nor
can they help themselves.” [7:192]

َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬24
[13:14 ‫ﻳﻦ َﻳ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﺠ ُﻴﺒﻮن ﻟ ُ ْﻢ ِ ْ ٍء ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬ ِ

“and those to whom they pray instead of Him do not respond to them
at all” [13:14]

‫ﱡ‬ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ ُ َ ْ َ ﱡ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َن ْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
َ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ ُ َﻮ ْاﻟﻌ‬
ِ ‫ﺎﻃﻞ وأن‬
ِ ‫ ذ ِﻟﻚ ِﺑﺄن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻮ ا ﻖ وأن ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ِﻣﻦ دو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻮ اﻟﺒ‬25
َْ
[22:62 ‫اﻟﻜ ِﺒ ُ ]ا‬

“That is because Allah is the truth and that whatever they invoke
beside Him is false and that Allah is the High, the Great.” [22:62]

َ‫ﺿﺮا َأ ْو َأ َ َاد ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻧ ْﻔ ًﻌﺎ َﺑ ْﻞ َ ﺎن‬

َ ْ ُ َ ََ ْ ًْ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ْ َْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻗﻞ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻳﻤ ِﻠﻚ ﻟﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺷ ﺌﺎ ِإن أراد ِﺑﻜﻢ‬26
ِ ‫ر‬
َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[48:11 ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن ﺧ ِﺒ ً ا ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬
196 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Say, Then, who has power to help you in any thing against Allah, if
He intends to do you harm, or intends to do you good? Rather, Allah
is fully aware of what you do” [48:11]
ً ْ َ ََ ْ ُ ْ َ ّ ‫ُ ْ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ ُ ََ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ﱡ‬
‫ ﻗ ِﻞ ادﻋﻮا اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ زﻋﻤﺘﻢ ِﻣﻦ د ِوﻧ ِﮫ ﻓﻼ ﻳﻤ ِﻠ ﻮن ﻛﺸﻒ اﻟﻀ ِﺮ ﻋﻨﻜﻢ وﻻ ﺗﺤ ِﻮ ﻼ‬27
[17:56 ‫]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬

“Say, Call those whom you assume (to be gods), besides Him, while
they have no power to remove distress from you, nor to change it.”
[17:56]

َ ُ َْ َ َْ َ ‫ََ ُ ْ ْ َْ َ َ ﱠ ُ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ ُ ُ ﱡ ﱡ‬
‫و‬
‫ وﻣﺎ ِﺑﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ ِ ﻌﻤ ٍﺔ ﻓ ِﻤﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺛﻢ ِإذا ﻣﺴﻜﻢ اﻟﻀﺮ ﻓ ِﺈﻟﻴ ِﮫ ﺗﺠﺄر ن ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬28
[14:53

“Whatever blessing you have is from Allah. Then, once you are
touched by distress, to Him alone you cry for help.” [16:53]

َ َ ََ َ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ْ ْ َ َ ﱡ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎﻋ ًﺪا أ ْو ﻗﺎ ِﺋ ًﻤﺎ ﻓﻠ ﱠﻤﺎ ﻛﺸ ْﻔ َﻨﺎ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﮫ‬
ِ ‫اﻹ ﺴﺎن اﻟﻀﺮ دﻋﺎﻧﺎ ِ ﻨ ِﺒ ِﮫ أو‬
‫ﻗ‬ ِ ‫ و ِ َذا ﻣﺲ‬29
ُ َ ‫ﺿ ﱠﺮ ُﻩ َﻣ ﱠﺮ َ ﺄ ْن َﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺪ ُﻋ َﻨﺎ إ‬
[10:12 ‫ﺿ ّ ٍﺮ َﻣ ﱠﺴ ُﮫ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬ ُ
ِ
“When man is afflicted by a hardship, he prays to Us (at all times),
when reclining or sitting or standing. But when We remove his
hardship, he just takes his way as though he had never prayed to Us
in any hardship that afflicted him.” [10:12]

َ ‫َّ َ ّ َ ٌ ُ ُ َ ََْ ﱠ‬ ََ َ
‫اﻟﺪ ِاع ِإذا َد َﻋ ِﺎن ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ‫ َو ِ ذا َﺳﺄﻟ َﻚ ِﻋ َﺒ ِﺎدي ﻋ ِ ﻓ ِﺈ ِ ﻲ ﻗ ِﺮ ﺐ أ ِﺟﻴﺐ دﻋﻮة‬30
[2:185

“When My servants ask you about Me, then (tell them that) I am near.
I respond to the call of one when he prays to Me” [2:186]
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 197

َ َْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ُ َْ ََ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ََ
‫س ِﺑ ِﮫ ﻧ ْﻔ ُﺴ ُﮫ َوﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ أﻗ َﺮ ُب ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ْﺒ ِﻞ‬‫اﻹ ﺴﺎن و ﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺳ ِﻮ‬
ِ ‫ وﻟﻘﺪ ﺧﻠﻘﻨﺎ‬31
ْ
[50:16 ‫اﻟ َﻮ ِر ِﺪ ]ق‬

“Indeed We have created man, and We know whatever thoughts his

inner self develops, and We are closer to him than (his) jugular vein.”
[50:16]

‫ون َﻋ ْﻦ ِﻋ َﺒ َﺎد ِ ﻲ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َرﱡ ُﻜ ُﻢ ْاد ُﻋﻮ ﻲ َأ ْﺳ َﺘﺠ ْﺐ َﻟ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ﱠن ﱠاﻟﺬ‬

َ ُ ‫ﻳﻦ َ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻜ‬ َ ََ
‫ﻗ‬‫ و‬32
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ُُ
[40:60 ‫َﺳ َﻴ ْﺪﺧﻠﻮن َﺟ َ ﱠﻨ َﻢ َد ِاﺧ ِﺮ َﻦ ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬

“Your Lord has said, .Call Me, I will respond to you. Definitely those
who show arrogance against worshipping Me shall enter Jahannam
(Hell) with disgrace.” [40:60]

ّ ‫ﻮﻩ ُﻣ ْﺨﻠﺼ َن َﻟ ُﮫ‬

َ ‫اﻟﺪ‬
[40:65 ‫ﻳﻦ ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬ ُ ‫ُ َﻮ ْاﻟ َ ﱡ َﻻ إ َﻟ َﮫ إ ﱠﻻ ُ َﻮ َﻓ ْﺎد ُﻋ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ 33

“He is Ever-living. There is no god but He. So worship Him making your
submission exclusive for Him.” [40:65]

ُ ُ َْ ‫ْ َْ ُ ُْ ُ ﱠ ُ ََ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺼ ُﺮﻛ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬‫ ِإن ﻳﻨﺼﺮﻛﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻓﻼ ﻏ ِﺎﻟﺐ ﻟﻜﻢ و ِ ن ﻳﺨﺬﻟﻜﻢ ﻓﻤﻦ ذا اﻟ ِﺬي ﻳﻨ‬34
َ ْ ْ ‫َ ﱠ َْ ﱠ‬
[3:160 ‫َ ْﻌ ِﺪ ِﻩ َو َﻋ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓﻠ َﻴ َﺘ َﻮ ِﻞ اﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣ ُﻨﻮن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“If Allah helps you, there is none to overcome you. And if He abandons
you, then, who is there to help you after that? In Allah the believers
should place their trust.” [3:160]

[3:150 ‫ﺎﺻ ِﺮ َﻦ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﻮَﻻ ُﻛ ْﻢ َو ُ َﻮ َﺧ ْ ُ ﱠ‬

‫اﻟﻨ‬
‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑ ِﻞ‬35
ِ

“Instead, Allah is your Lord, and He is the best of all helpers.” [3:150]

These 35 verses emphatically assert that prayer must be made to

Allah alone and it is unlawful to call anyone else other than Allah (‫)ﷻ‬.
198 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadiths Also Assert to Seek Help only from Allah

.‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﺲ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻟ ﺴﺄل اﺣﺪﮐﻢ ر ﺣﺎﺟﺘ ﻠ ﺎ ﺣ ﺴﺄل ﺷﺴﻊ ﻌﻠ إذا اﻧﻘﻄﻊ‬1
(3604 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،822 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻟ ﺴﺄل ر ﺣﺎﺟﺘ ﻠﻬﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺪﻋﻮات‬،‫)ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Anas (raz), he said: The

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Every one of you should ask his Lord
for all the necessities until he should ask for the laces of his shoes are
broken. (Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Dawaat, p. 822, No. 3604)

This hadith says that one must call only Allah in all his needs.

َ ‫ﻀﺎ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " َأ ْذ ﺐ ْاﻟ َﺒ‬

‫ﺎس َر ﱠب ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
َ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
ً ‫ﺎن إ َذا َﻋ َﺎد َﻣﺮ‬
‫ﺎس‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ أن رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬2
َ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫اﺷﻔﮫ َأ ْﻧ َﺖ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬."‫اﻟﺸﺎ ِ ﻻ ِﺷ َﻔ َﺎء ِإﻻ ِﺷ َﻔﺎؤ َك ِﺷ َﻔ ًﺎء ﻻ ُ ﻐ ِﺎد ُر َﺳﻘ ًﻤﺎ‬
ْ
ِِ
(5707/2191 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،972 ‫ ص‬،‫رﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺮ ﺾ‬

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying:

“When Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬visited the sick he would say: Lord of
the people, remove the disease, cure him, for Thou art the great
Curer, there is no cure but through Thine healing Power, which leaves
nothing of the disease. This hadith also teaches to pray Allah alone for
cure of disease.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Salam, p.972, No.
2191/5707)

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Would Pray Allah On Judgment Day and He Will

Grant

It is mentioned in Hadith:
ْ ‫َ ْ ََ َ َ ﱠ ُ َْ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﺲ ر ِ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬3
ُ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُﻳ َﻘ‬... ‫اﺳ َ ْﺸ َﻔ ْﻌ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َ َرّ َﻨﺎ َﺣ ﱠ ُﻳﺮ َﺤ َﻨﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ َ ِﺎﻧ َﻨﺎ‬ ْ ‫َﻓ َﻴ ُﻘ ُﻮﻟﻮ َن َﻟ ْﻮ‬
‫ﺎل ِ ا ْرﻓ ْﻊ َرأ َﺳ َﻚ َﺳ ْﻞ ْﻌﻄ ْﮫ َوﻗ ْﻞ‬ ِ َ ِ ْ
ْ‫ﻴﺪ ُ َﻌ ِّﻠ ُﻤ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َأ ْﺷ َﻔ ُﻊ َﻓ َﻴ ُﺤ ﱡﺪ َﺣﺪا ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُأ ْﺧﺮ ُﺟ ُ ﻢ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺤ‬ْ َ
‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ّ ‫ر‬َ ‫ﺪ‬ُ ‫اﺷ َﻔ ْﻊ ُ َﺸ ﱠﻔ ْﻊ َﻓ َﺄ ْ َﻓ ُﻊ َ أ َﻓﺄ ْﺣ َﻤ‬ْ َ َْ ْ ُ
‫ﺴﻤﻊ و‬
ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ‫ر ر‬
‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ
‫اﻟﺜ ِﺎﻟ َﺜ ِﺔ أ ْو ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ُ ْ ً ‫ﻮد َﻓﺄ َﻗ ُﻊ َﺳ‬ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ
ُ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر َوأ ْدﺧﻠ ُ ْﻢ ا َ ﱠﻨﺔ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ أ ُﻋ‬
‫اﻟﺮا ِ َﻌ ِﺔ َﺣ ﱠ َﻣﺎ َﺑ ِﻘ َﻲ ِ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر ِإﻻ‬ ِ ‫ﺎﺟﺪا ِﻣﺜﻠﮫ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ‬
‫ْ ﱠ‬
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 199

ْ
:‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ واﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬،‫ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ) .‫َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ َ َﺴ ُﮫ اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ُآن‬
(6565

“Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, " Allah will gather
all the people on the Day of Resurrection and they will say, 'Let us
request someone to intercede for us with our Lord so that He may
relieve us from this place of ours.'… then I will be addressed.'
(Muhammad!) Raise your head. Ask, and your request will be granted;
say, and your saying will be listened to; intercede, and your
intercession will be accepted.' I will raise my head and praise Allah
with a saying (i.e. invocation) He will teach me, and then I will
intercede. He will fix a limit for me (to intercede for) whom I will admit
into Paradise. Then I will come back again to Allah, and when I see my
Lord, the same thing will happen to me. And then I will intercede and
Allah will fix a limit for me to intercede whom I will let into Paradise,
then I will come back for the third time; and then I will come back for
the fourth time, and will say, 'None remains in Hell but those whom
the Qur'an has imprisoned (in Hell).” (Sahih al-Bukhari, p 1136, No.
6565)

This hadith says that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬will ask the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to pray and
He will grant. It means that he will not have authority to give on
Judgment Day too, rather he will pray to Allah and intercede before
Allah and Allah will grant his prayer.

Help Must be Sought Only from Allah

Imam Ghazali (may Allah have mercy on him) says in his book ‘Qawaid
al-Aqayid’:

‫ﻓﺎﻟﻠ وﺣﺪە ﻮ اﻟﺬی ﯾﺘﻘﺮب اﻟﯿ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﻌﺒﺎدﺗ و ﺑﺨﻀﻮﻋ و ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ وﺣﺪە ﺴﺘﻤﺪ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫ او اﻟﺬی ﯾﺠﺐ ان ﻌﻨﯿ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺮأ ﻗﻮل‬، ‫ ﺬا ﻮ اﻟﻤﻌ اﻟﺬی ﻌﯿﻨ‬.‫اﻟﻌﻮن و ﯾﻄﻠﺐ اﻟ ﺪاﯾﺔ‬
َ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ُْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
(9 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ‬، ‫ﺎک ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻌ ْ ُن ﴾ )ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﻟﻼﻣﺎم اﻟﻐﺰا‬ ‫﴿اﯾﺎک ﻌﺒﺪ و ِاﯾ‬ِ ‫اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ‬
200 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“It is Allah alone whose closeness a believer seeks through his worship
and submission. And, from Allah alone a believer seeks help and
guidance. This is the sense conveyed by the verse:

“You alone do we worship, and from You alone do we seek help.” [1:5]

This quote as well as the verse says that one must worship only Allah
and seek help only from Him. This is what tauhid (unity of God)
means.

These Verses and Hadiths Create Doubt of Permissibility to

Pray to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

The aforesaid 35 verses assert that one should pray only to Allah, but
there are some verses in which the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked
something. In fact this was in the lifetime of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, the
believers were asked to ask the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬or on Judgment Day
when the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will be present, a Muslim would request him
to intercede or would ask him a drink from Hawdh al-Kawthar, this
will be permissible.

The question is whether we are allowed to ask the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬after

his departure from this world or whether we are allowed to ask any
Sahabi or saint? I come across no verse or hadith, all such verses or
hadiths are related to his lifetime or they are related to the Judgment
Day when the requester will be present in front of him.

Such verses are as follows:

‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﻐ َﻔ َﺮ َﻟ ُ ُﻢ ﱠ‬ ‫ََ ْ َﱠُ ْ ْ ََ ُ َْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬

ْ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َو‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل‬ ‫ وﻟﻮ أ ﻢ ِإذ ﻇﻠﻤﻮا أﻧﻔﺴ ﻢ ﺟﺎءوك ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮوا‬1
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[4:64 ‫ﻟ َﻮ َﺟ ُﺪوا اﻟﻠ َﮫ ﺗ ﱠﻮ ًاﺑﺎ َر ِﺣ ًﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“Had they, after having wronged themselves, come to you and sought
forgiveness from Allah, and had the Messenger prayed for their
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 201

forgiveness, they would certainly have found Allah Most-Relenting,

Very-Merciful.” [4:64]

The Muslims were urged in this verse to request the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬for
seeking forgiveness from Allah, this implies that we can request the
him, but this was in his lifetime and it is permissible unanimously.

َ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ﱡ ُ ُ ﱠ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ َ ُ ُ َن ﱠ َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َن ﱠ‬
‫ ِإﻧﻤﺎ وِﻟﻴﻜﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ورﺳﻮﻟﮫ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳ ِﻘﻴﻤﻮ اﻟﺼﻼة و ﺆﺗﻮ اﻟﺰ ﺎة‬2
َ
[5:55 ‫َو ُ ْﻢ َر ِاﻛ ُﻌﻮن ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“Your only friend is Allah, then His Messenger and those who believe,
who establish Salah and pay Zakah and bow before Allah.” [5:55]

Some people argue with this hadith as well that according to this
verse the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is friend and helper, similarly those who
perform Salah are helpers; therefore we can ask for their help.

But it is explained in Tafseer, this verse was revealed when Hadhrat

Abdullah bin Salam (may Allah be pleased with him) and his
colleagues embraced Islam, their kin and friends severed their
relations with the, then Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬consoled them that the Messenger
(‫ )ﷺ‬and the believers will take their side. This was during the life of
the Prophet (‫ ;)ﷺ‬therefore seeking help from him after demise is not
established.

ُ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ُ َْ ْ َ ُ َ َْ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ
[9:71 ‫ﺾ ﻳﺄﻣﺮون ِﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮو ِف ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬ٍ ‫ واﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨﻮن واﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨﺎت ﻌﻀ ﻢ أوِﻟﻴﺎء ﻌ‬3
“The believers, male and female, are friends to each other. They bid
virtue and forbid vice” [9:71]

Some people argue with this verse that believing men and women are
helpers of each other; therefore they can be asked even after death,
thus one can ask a wali (saint) as well.
202 | Samarat al-Aqaid

But this verse does not apply to ask those already died, rather one can
ask them if they are alive, this is the reason that the verse portrays
believers enjoin each other for good and forbid each other for bad;
therefore seeking help from the saints will not be established by this
verse, as this sense is against the aforementioned 35 verses.

‫ َﺧﻄ ًﻴﺒﺎ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤﻦ َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ُﻣ َﻌﺎو َ َﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل ُﺣ َﻤ ْﻴ ُﺪ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬4
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ُ ُ ‫َ ﱠ َ ََ َ ٌ َ ﱠ‬ ّ ُ ّْ َُ َْ ُ‫َُ ُ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺎﺳﻢ واﻟﻠﮫ ﻌ ِﻄﻲ‬ ِ ‫ وِ ﻧﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻗ‬،‫اﻟﺪ ِﻳﻦ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﻳﻘﻮل " ﻣﻦ ﻳ ِﺮ ِد اﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑ ِﮫ ﺧ ً ا ﻳﻔ ِﻘﻬﮫ‬
(71 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،17 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﯾﺮد اﻟﻠ ﺑ ﺧ ا ﯾﻔﻘ‬

Hadrat Muawiya (raz) narrated: “I heard Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬

saying, "If Allah wants to do good to a person, He makes him
comprehend the religion. I am just a distributor, but the grant is from
Allah. (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Ilm, p. 17, No. 71)

Some people have argues that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Qasim (distributor);
therefore one can ask him. But having looked the complete hadith, it
is revealed that understanding is given by Allah; therefore it must be
sought from Him, but the knowledge of the Qur’an, Hadith and
religion which Allah has given to me (the Prophet ‫ )ﷺ‬I explain it to
you and distribute it among you. This is the reason that Imam Bukhari
entitled it with: ‘Understanding of Religion’. Secondly, this was during
his life time, the hadith does not mentioned that he still distributes
after his demise.

Hindus Believe that Their Deities Help Them

The Hindus believe that the souls of their dead saints stroll around
and they come to their help as they are authorized to help the needy.
Therefore, they, on one hand, believe in One God, but on the other
hand, they believe in deities to seek their help, they install their
status, worship them and call them for help.

Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬declared in 35 verses that none is authorized to help, rather

it is only Me who helps; therefore is shirk to seek help from one other
11 – We Must Call only Allah for Help | 203

than Allah regarding livelihood, cure, children, marriage, business all

matters. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was raised to uproot this kind of shirk,
therefore ponder those verses again deeply.

There are so many verses regarding this belief, but I left them as they
were abundant.

There must be clear verse or authentic Hadith that proves that Allah
has given authority to someone, so you should seek help from him
after his death. Such a proof can never be presented from the Qur’an
and Hadith.

These were total 35 verses and 4 Hadiths, the details of which were
presented before you.
 | 204

12 – Waseelah (Seeking
Intermediation)

Waseelah (seeking intermediation) is a much-debated subject, there

are different groups who propound their proofs. The details are as
follows:

We shall present 4 verses and 10 hadiths regarding this belief.

Waseelah is of Five Types

(1) To supplicate only Allah, but with the intermediation e.g. O Allah,
accept my supplication owing to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, this is permissible,
but one should not make it a habit, as this is mentioned only in some
hadiths, but the rest of the supplications in the Qur’an and Hadith
make no mention of any intermediation, rather made directly from
Allah.

(2) To do any righteous deed and make it a waseelah for one’s

elevation. This is required and it was encouraged in the Qur’an.

(3) To request any alive person to pray for oneself, or for fulfilment of
any need. This is alright and in many hadiths the Companions have
requested the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to supplicate.

(4) Apart from requesting an alive person to pray, requesting a dead

whether a prophet or wali, to supplicate. This is not established by
any verse or hadith. Rather, the hadith says that all actions of a man
come to an end with death, and supplication is also an action;
therefore they may not supplicate after death.
12 – Waseelah (Seeking Intermediation) | 205

The other point is that whether the dead hear or not, this is disputed.
So how can be asked to supplicate? Therefore, this is not permissible.

(5) To supplicate someone else other than Allah e.g. O Prophet,

accept our prayer, this is not permissible; since this is calling someone
other than Allah and which is unlawful.

The proofs and references of these five points shall be presented in

next lines.

To Supplicate only Allah but with Waseelah

It is permissible to supplicate only Allah with someone’s waseelah.

But since only few hadiths mention waseelah and the rest hundreds
of hadiths make no mention of wa

e.g. O Allah, accept my supplication owing to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, this is

permissible, but one should not make it a habit, as this is mentioned
only in some hadiths, but the rest of the supplications in the Qur’an
and Hadith make no mention of waseelah; therefore it is preferable
to supplicate with the Duas mentioned in the Qur’an and Hadith.

The first type of waseelah is to supplicate Allah saying for example: O

Allah, accept this supplication with the waseelah of so and so, this is
permissible and but one should make it a habit.

The hadiths related to this type of waseelah are as follows:

‫ﺎل‬َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫ﺎل َﻓ ْﺎد ُﻋ ُﮫ‬

َ ‫… َﻗ‬.. ‫اﻟﻨ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺼﺮ َأ َ ﻰ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺿﺮ َﺮ ْاﻟ َﺒ‬َ ،‫ َأ ﱠن َر ُﺟ ًﻼ‬،‫ﺎن ْﺑﻦ ُﺣ َﻨ ْﻴﻒ‬
َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬1
ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ّ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ إ ِّ ﻲ َأ ْﺳ َﺄ ُﻟ َﻚ َوَأ َﺗ َﻮ ﱠﺟ ُﮫ إ َﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ ﺑ َﻨ ّﻴ َﻚ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ َﻧ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ َ ُ ْ ََ ُ َ ُ ُ َ ْ َُ َ‫َََ َُ َ ْ َََ ﱠ‬
" ‫ﻓﺄﻣﺮﻩ أن ﻳﺘﻮﺿﺄ ﻓﻴﺤ ِﺴﻦ وﺿﻮءﻩ و ﺪﻋﻮ ِﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﺪﻋ ِﺎء‬
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ‫ﺎﺟ ِ َ ِﺬ ِﻩ ِﻟ ُﺘﻘ َ ِ اﻟﻠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ ﻓﺸ ِّﻔ ْﻌ ُﮫ ِ ﱠ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤﺔ إ ّ ﻲ َﺗ َﻮ ﱠﺟ ْﻬ ُﺖ ﺑ َﻚ إ َ َرّ ﻲ َﺣ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬
(1385 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،197 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﺻﻠﻮة ا ﺎﺟﺔ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬3578 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،816 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺪﻋﻮات‬

Hadhrat `Uthman bin Hunaif narrated that a blind man came to the
Prophet (‫ ……)ﷺ‬He said: “So he ordered him to perform Wudu’ and
206 | Samarat al-Aqaid

to make his Wudu’ complete, and to supplicate with this supplication:

‘O Allah, I ask You and turn towards You by Your Prophet Muhammad
(‫)ﷺ‬, the Prophet of Mercy. Indeed, I have turned to my Lord, by
means of You, concerning this need of mine, so that it can be resolved,
so O Allah so accept his intercession for me.” (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab
al-Dawaat, p. 816, No. 3578; Ibn Majah, Bab ma ja’a fi Salat al-Hajajh,
p. 197, No. 1385)

In this hadith, the prayer was made to Allah, but with the
intermediation (waseelah) of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, this is permissible.

‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا ﻄﺎب ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻟﻤﺎ اﻗ ف آدم ا ﻄﯿﺌﺔ ﻗﺎل ﯾﺎ رب اﺳﺄﻟﮏ ﺑﺤﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬2
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻠ ﯾﺎ آدم و ﮐﯿﻒ ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪا و ﻟﻢ أﺧﻠﻘ ؟ ﻗﺎل ﯾﺎ رب ﻻﻧﮏ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺘ ﺑﯿﺪک و‬، ‫ﻟﻤﺎ ﻏﻔﺮت‬
‫ﻧﻔﺨﺖ روﺣﮏ رﻓﻌﺖ رأ ﻓﺮأﯾﺖ ﻋ ﻗﻮاﺋﻢ اﻟﻌﺮش ﻣﮑﺘﻮ ﺎ ﻻ اﻟ اﻻ اﻟﻠ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻓﻌﻠﻤﺖ اﻧﮏ‬
‫ ﺻﺪﻗﺖ ﯾﺎ آدم اﻧ ﻻﺣﺐ ا ﻠﻖ ا ادﻋ ﺑﺤﻘ ﻓﻘﺪ‬: ‫ﻟﻢ ﺗﻀﻒ ا اﺳﻤﮏ اﻻ اﺣﺐ ا ﻠﻖ اﻟﯿﮏ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻠ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺗﻮارخ اﻟﻤﺘﻘﺪﻣ ن ﻣﻦ اﻻﻧ ﯿﺎء و اﻟﻤﺮﺳﻠﯿ ن‬،‫ )اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬.‫ﻏﻔﺮت ﻟﮏ و ﻟﻮ ﻻ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺘﮏ‬
(4228 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،672 ‫ ص‬،2 ‫ ج‬،‫دﻻﺋﻞ اﻟﻨﺒﻮة‬ ‫ﺑﺎب و ﻣﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب آﯾﺎت رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ اﻟ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (raz),

he said: The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “When Adam (peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him) made a mistake, he said: O Allaah, I
ask you to forgive me for my wrongdoing by virtue of Muhammad.
Allah asked him: How did you recognize him? Adam (peace be upon
him) said: O Allah, when You created me with Your own hand and
blew life into me, I raised my head and saw on the Throne it was
written: La Ilaha Illallah Muhammad Rasoolu-Allah. So I understood
that you should have with your name the one who is most beloved to
you among the creatures, then Allah said Adam! You are right, he is
the most beloved of all creatures to me, you prayed to me in his
behalf, so I forgave you, if it were not for Muhammad, I would not
have created you.” (Al-Mustadrak by al-Haakim, Book of the History
of the Prophets, v. 2, p. 672, No. 4228)
12 – Waseelah (Seeking Intermediation) | 207

:‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺎﻧﺖ ﯾﻬﻮد ﺧﯿ ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﻏﻄﻔﺎن ﻓ ﻠﻤﺎ اﻟﺘﻘﻮا ﺰﻣﺖ ﯾﻬﻮد ﺧﯿ ﻓﻌﺎذت اﻟﯿﻬﻮد ﺑ ﺬ اﻟﺪﻋﺎء‬3
،‫ )اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬.‫اﻟﻠ ﻢ إﻧﺎ ﺴﺌﻠﮏ ﺑﺤﻖ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﻨ اﻷﻣﻲ اﻟﺬي و ﻋﺪﺗﻨﺎ أن ﺗﺨﺮﺟ ﻟﻨﺎ آﺧﺮ اﻟﺰﻣﺎن‬
(3042 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،289 ‫ ص‬،2 ‫ ج‬، ‫ﺑﺎب ﺴﻢ اﻟﻠ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﯿﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮرة‬

“Hazrat Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Jews of
Khyber used to fight the Ghatfan tribe, and it used to happen that
whenever there was a confrontation, the Jews of Khyber would be
defeated. the Jews prayed with this supplication: We ask you on
behalf of Muhammad whom you have promised us that you will send
him to us in the last days.” (Al-Mustadrak by al-Haakim, Book of the
History of the Prophets, v. 2, p. 672, No. 4228)

Rather it is also established that the Sahaba would pray by the

waseelah of a Sahabi, as it is mentioned in a hadith:
‫ْ ﱠ‬ ‫اﺳ َ ْﺴ َﻘﻰ ﺑ ْﺎﻟ َﻌ ﱠ‬
ْ ‫ﺎن إ َذا َﻗ َﺤ ُﻄﻮا‬
َ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ‬ ‫َ ْ ََ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ ُﻤﻄ ِﻠ ِﺐ‬
ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ِ ‫ر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎب‬
ِ ‫ﻄ‬ ‫ أن ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا‬،‫ﺲ‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬4
َ
َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َّ َ ّ َ َ ْ ُ ‫َ َ َ ﱠُ ﱠ ﱠ ُﱠ َََ ﱠ ُ ْ َ َ َّ ََ ْ َ َ ﱠ َََ ﱠ‬ َ
‫ ) ﯿﺢ‬.‫ﺎل ﻓ ُ ْﺴﻘ ْﻮن‬ ‫ ﻗ‬.‫ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻠﻬﻢ ِإﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﺳﻞ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ِﺑﻨ ِ ِﻴﻨﺎ ﻓ ﺴ ِﻘﻴﻨﺎ وِ ﻧﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﺳﻞ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ِ ﻌ ِﻢ ﻧ ِﺒ ِ ﻨﺎ ﻓﺎﺳ ِﻘﻨﺎ‬
(1010 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،162 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺳﺆال اﻟﻨﺎس اﻹﻣﺎم اﻻﺳ ﺴﻘﺎء إذا ﻗﺤﻄﻮا‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: “Whenever drought threatened them,

`Umar bin Al-Khattab, used to ask Al-Abbas bin `Abdul Muttalib to
invoke Allah for rain. He used to say, "O Allah! We used to ask our
Prophet to invoke You for rain, and You would bless us with rain, and
now we ask his uncle to invoke You for rain. O Allah! Bless us with
rain." And so it would rain.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, p. 162, No. 1010)

This statement of a Sahabi confirms that they used to pray Allah by

the waseelah of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and after him they prayed by the
waseelah of his uncle Hadhrat Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).

It is noteworthy that the Sahaba prayed by the waseelah of Hadhrat

Abbas (raz) who was alive and did not pray with the waseelah of the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬who was no more.
208 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ أوس ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺤﻂ أ ﻞ اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﻗﺤﻄﺎ ﺷﺪﻳﺪا ﻓﺸ ﻮا إ ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ اﻧﻈﺮوا ﻗ‬5
‫اﻟﻨ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﺎﺟﻌﻠﻮا ﻣﻨﮫ ﻮى إ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﺣ ﻻ ﻳ ﻮن ﺑ ﻨﮫ و ن اﻟﺴﻤﺎء ﺳﻘﻒ ﻗﺎل‬
،227 ‫ ص‬،1 ‫ ج‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ أﮐﺮم اﻟﻠ ﻧ ﯿ ﻌﺪ ﻣﻮﺗ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟﺪارﻣﻲ‬.‫ﻓﻔﻌﻠﻮا ﻓﻤﻄﺮﻧﺎ ﻣﻄﺮا ﺣ ﻧ ﺖ اﻟﻌﺸﺐ‬
(93 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Aws bin ‘Abdullāh said: The people of Medina were in the
grip of a severe famine. They complained to Hadhrat ‘Ā’ishah (about
their terrible condition). She told them to go towards the Prophet’s
grave and open a window in the direction of the sky so that there is
no curtain between the sky and the grave. The narrator says they did
so. Then it started raining heavily; even the lush green grass sprang
up.” (Sunan al-Darmi, Bab Ma Akram Allah Nabih Baad Motihi, v. 1, p.
227, No. 93)

Translation Aws ibn 'Abdullah says that when there was a famine in
Madinah, the people complained to Ayesha. That's what happened,
so much rain fell that the grass grew

Aws ibn 'Abdullah says that when there was a famine in Madinah, the
people complained to Ayesha. That's what happened, so much rain
fell that the grass grew

This is a statement of a Sahabi which mentions that it rained when

the opening of the grave of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was opened, this also
indicate permissibility of waseelah.

‫ ﻗﺎل "أﺻﺎب اﻟﻨﺎس ﻗﺤﻂ زﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﺠﺎء رﺟﻞ إ‬- ‫ و ﺎن ﺧﺎزن ﻋﻤﺮ ﻋ اﻟﻄﻌﺎم‬- ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ اﻟﺪار‬7
‫ ﻓﺄ ﻰ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺎم‬،‫ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﮫ اﺳ ﺴﻖ ﻷﻣﺘﻚ ﻓﺈﻧﻬﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻠ ﻮا‬:‫ﻗ اﻟﻨ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ذﮐﺮ ﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أا ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬.‫ اﺋﺖ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﺄﻗﺮﺋ اﻟﺴﻼم و أﺧ ە أﻧﮑﻢ ﻣﺴﻘﯿﻮن‬:‫ﻓﻘﻴﻞ ﻟﮫ‬
(31993/32002 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،359 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا ﻄﺎب‬

Malik al-Dar, the treasurer of Hadhrat Umar (raz), said: “The people
were gripped by famine during the tenure of 'Umar (Ibn al-Khattab).
Then a man walked up to the Prophet's grave and said, "O Messenger
12 – Waseelah (Seeking Intermediation) | 209

of Allah, please ask for rain from Allah for your Ummah who is in dire
straits." Then he saw a dream in which he was asked to go to Umar
and say salam to him and inform him that it will rain for you.”
(Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, v. 6, p. 359, No. 32002/31993)

This is also action of a Sahabi who requested him to pray for rain.

These 2 hadiths and 4 actions of Sahaba establish that pray Allah by

the waseelah of someone is permissible as this is confirmed by the
hadiths. But since most of the supplications in the Qur’an and Hadith
are without waseelah, therefore it is preferable to supplicate Allah
directly, however praying with waseelah sometimes it permissible as
the hadiths mentioned above made prayer with waseelah
occasionally.

Making Waseelah of Righteous Deed

The second type is to do any righteous deed and make it a waseelah

for one’s elevation. This is required and it was encouraged in the
Qur’an.

َ َ َ ْ َْ ُ َْ َ َ ‫َ َﱡَ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
[5:35 ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا اﺗﻘﻮا اﻟﻠﮫ واﺑﺘﻐﻮا ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ اﻟﻮ ِﺳﻴﻠﺔ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬1

“O you who believe, fear Allah and seek waseelah (means) of

nearness to Him.” [5:35]

Waseelah here means every good deed that brings Allah’s pleasure.
This verse asks believers to do good deeds to please Allah and make
is a means to His closeness.

Some people have tried to prove that this invites to seek waseelah of
righteous people. Rather, some even started praying to the saints
instead.

This verse was explained in Tafseer Ibn Abbas in this way:

210 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Seek waseelah (means) of nearness to Him i.e. elevated status, seek

His closeness through good deeds. The other commentaries of the
Qur’an also mention similar things. Therefore, seeking help from
awliya can never be established. Yes, the abovementioned two
hadiths permit only to pray Allah through the waseelah of someone
in this way: O Allah, accept my prayer by the waseelah of so and so. It
is to be noted that the supplication will be made to Allah alone,
though there will be waseelah of any prophet or wali.

The second verse is:

ُ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ‫ُ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ ُ َن َ ْ َ ُ َن َ َ ّ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ﱡ‬
[17:57 ‫ أوﻟ ِﺌﻚ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻳ ﺘﻐﻮ ِإ ِر ِ ﻢ اﻟﻮ ِﺳﻴﻠﺔ أ ﻢ أﻗﺮب ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬2

“Those whom they invoke, do themselves seek the means (waseelah)

of access to their Lord as to which of them becomes the closest.”
[17:57]

In this verse, Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬warned the polytheists of Makkah upon their

worship of the angels and the jinn with a belief that they would grant
them salvation or help, this is sheer misconception; since the angels
and the jinn themselves depend on Allah and do righteous deeds to
seek closeness of Allah; so when they are themselves needy then
what can they give to their others. Therefore, the polytheists of
Makkah was urged to invoke only Allah.

This verse was explained in Tafseer Ibn Abbas in the following words:

“They seek closeness of their Lord with their good deeds” i.e. the
angels and jinn whom they worship they themselves seek closeness
of their Lord, then what would they give to others.

Therefore, this verse also does not establish the claim of seeking help
from the awliya, and if someone tries to prove, it will be sheer
ignorance.
12 – Waseelah (Seeking Intermediation) | 211

Requesting an Alive Person for Supplication is Permissible

(3) The third type is to request any alive person to pray, or to ask him
to fulfill a need, or supplicate Allah by his waseelah is permissible. The
Qur’an says:

‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﻐ َﻔ َﺮ َﻟ ُ ُﻢ ﱠ‬ ‫ََ ْ َﱠُ ْ ْ ََ ُ َْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬

ْ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َو‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل‬ ‫ وﻟﻮ أ ﻢ ِإذ ﻇﻠﻤﻮا أﻧﻔﺴ ﻢ ﺟﺎءوك ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮوا‬3
ً َ ً ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ‫ََ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[4:64 ‫ﻟﻮﺟﺪوا اﻟﻠﮫ ﺗﻮاﺑﺎ ر ِﺣﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“Had they, after having wronged themselves, come to you and sought
forgiveness from Allah, and had the Messenger prayed for their
forgiveness, they would certainly have found Allah Most-Relenting,
Very-Merciful.” [4:64]

This verse tells that requesting an alive person to pray is permissible.

َْ ّ ‫ََ َ َ ﱠ‬
[8:33 ‫ﺎن اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﻟ ُﻴ َﻌ ِﺬ َ ُ ْﻢ َوأﻧ َﺖ ِﻓ ِ ْﻢ ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل‬ ‫ وﻣﺎ‬4

“And Allah was not to send scourge upon them while you (O Prophet),
were in their midst” [8:33]

This verse implies that the existence of a righteous person causes

some advantages.

So it is permissible to request an alive person to pray to Allah, as the

hadiths say:

‫ ﺛﻢ ﺳﻠﻮا اﻟﻮﺳﯿﻠﺔ ﻓﺈﻧ ﺎ ﻣ ﻟﺔ ا ﻨﺔ ﻻ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺎص أﻧ ﺳﻤﻊ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﯾﻘﻮل‬7
‫ ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب اﻟﻘﻮل‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺗ ﺒ إﻻ ﻋﺒﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎد اﻟﻠ وأرﺟﻮا أن أ ﻮن أﻧﺎ ﻮ‬
(849 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،384 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،163 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺼ ﻋ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﺛﻢ ﺴﺄل اﻟﻠ ﻟ اﻟﻮﺳﯿﻠﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﻮل اﻟﻤﻮٴذن‬

It is reported on the authority of Hadhrat 'Abdullah ibn' Amar ibn al-

'Aas (raz), he heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying: “Then ask with my
waseelah (intermediation), because this is a status in Paradise which
212 | Samarat al-Aqaid

is for one of the servants of Allah, and I hope that I will possess it.”
(Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Salat, p. 163, No. 384/849)

‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬی‬.‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ أﻧ اﺳﺘﺄذن اﻟﻨ ﷺ اﻟﻌﻤﺮة ﻓﻘﺎل أي أ اﺷﺮﮐﻨﺎ دﻋﺎﺋﮏ و ﻻ ﺗ ﺴﺎﻧﺎ‬8
(3562 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،812 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺪﻋﻮات‬

Hazrat Umar (raz) asked the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬for permission to

perform Umrah, so the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "My brother!
Remember me in your prayers, and do not forget me.” (Tirmidhi, Kitab
al-Dawaat, p. 812, No. 3562)

According to these two hadiths, the Prophe (‫ )ﷺ‬asked one of his

followers to pray; therefore it is permissible.
‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ ‫ َد َﺧ َﻞ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ا ْ ُ ُﻤ َﻌﺔ ﻣ ْﻦ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ َﻳ ْﺬ ُﻛ ُﺮ َأ ﱠن َ ُﺟ ًﻼ‬،‫ﺲ ْﺑ َﻦ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ‬
‫ َو َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬، ِ َ ‫ﺎن ُو َﺟ َﺎﻩ اﻟ ِﻤ ْﻨ‬ َ َ ‫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ َأ‬9
ِ ِ ‫ر‬ ٍ ِ ِ
َََ ‫َ ً ََ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ٌ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ََْْ َ َُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻠﻜ ِﺖ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎ ِﺋﻢ ﻳﺨﻄﺐ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻘﺒﻞ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎ ِﺋﻤﺎ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َُ ُ َ‫ﱡ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬ َ َْ ْ
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ﺎل ﻓ َﺮﻓ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ َﺪ ْﻳ ِﮫ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬.‫ ﻓﺎدع اﻟﻠﮫ ِﻐﻴ ﻨﺎ‬،‫اﻟ َﻤ َﻮا ِ َواﻧﻘﻄ َﻌ ِﺖ اﻟﺴﺒﻞ‬
(1013 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،162 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻻﺳ ﺴﻘﺎء اﻟﻤ ﺪ ا ﺎﻣﻊ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻻﺳ ﺴﻘﺎء‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Narrated Sharik bin `Abdullah bin Abi Namir that he heard Hadhrat
Anas bin Malik (raz) saying, "On a Friday a person entered the main
Mosque through the gate facing the pulpit while Allah's Messenger
(‫ )ﷺ‬was delivering the Khutba. The man stood in front of Allah's
Apostle and said, 'O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬The livestock are dying
and the roads are cut off; so please pray to Allah for rain.' “Anas
added, "Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬raised both his hands.”

In this hadith, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was requested to pray during his

lifetime.
12 – Waseelah (Seeking Intermediation) | 213

Waseelah of an Alive Person is Established by Sahaba

‫ْ ﱠ‬ ‫اﺳ َ ْﺴ َﻘﻰ ﺑ ْﺎﻟ َﻌ ﱠ‬
ْ ‫ﺎن إ َذا َﻗ َﺤ ُﻄﻮا‬
َ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ‬ ‫َ ْ ََ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ اﻟ ُﻤﻄ ِﻠ ِﺐ‬
ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ِ ‫ر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺎب‬
ِ ‫ﻄ‬ ‫ أن ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا‬،‫ﺲ‬ٍ ‫ ◌ن أ‬10
َ
َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َّ َ ّ َ َ ْ ُ ‫َ َ َ ﱠُ ﱠ ﱠ ُﱠ َََ ﱠ ُ ْ َ َ َّ ََ ْ َ َ ﱠ َََ ﱠ‬ َ
‫ ) ﯿﺢ‬.‫ﺎل ﻓ ُ ْﺴﻘ ْﻮن‬ ‫ ﻗ‬.‫ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻠﻬﻢ ِإﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﺳﻞ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ِﺑﻨ ِ ِﻴﻨﺎ ﻓ ﺴ ِﻘﻴﻨﺎ وِ ﻧﺎ ﻧﺘﻮﺳﻞ ِإﻟﻴﻚ ِ ﻌ ِﻢ ﻧ ِﺒ ِ ﻨﺎ ﻓﺎﺳ ِﻘﻨﺎ‬
(1010 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،162 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺳﺆال اﻟﻨﺎس اﻹﻣﺎم اﻻﺳ ﺴﻘﺎء إذا ﻗﺤﻄﻮا‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: “Whenever drought threatened them,

`Umar bin Al-Khattab, used to ask Al-Abbas bin `Abdul Muttalib to
invoke Allah for rain. He used to say, "O Allah! We used to ask our
Prophet to invoke You for rain, and You would bless us with rain, and
now we ask his uncle to invoke You for rain. O Allah! Bless us with
rain." And so it would rain.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, p. 162, No. 1010)

This hadith says that the Companions used to seek waseelah of the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬while he was alive and after his departure they sought
waseelah of his uncle Hadhrat Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).
So this is proved that the Companions sought waseelah of an alive
person and prayed Allah with his waseelah.

All these hadiths mentioned above clearly explain that the prayer was
made to Allah alone, a human being was asked to fulfill the need,
rather they supplicated directly to Allah through someone’s
waseelah.

Therefore, it is sternly prohibited to pray to any dead person to fulfill

so and so need, to cure the ill, to give children or to send rain.

Atrocities of Mujawirs

These hadiths establish that it is permissible to pray occasionally

through the waseelah of anyone. But it is pity that mujawirs
(custodians of shrines) misguide people just to earn bread, fetch
money and win name and fame. They misuse this permissibility and
boast of the karamat (supernatural occurrences) of the saints and
receive huge sum of money under the cover of fulfilling needs of
214 | Samarat al-Aqaid

people. They fabricate virtues and merits so that people visit them
time and again. Rather, they sometimes get people stuck into so many
nonsense activities and especially women fall prey to them; therefore
this needs extra caution.

We have presented 4 verses and 10 hadiths regarding this belief, the

details of which you studied.
 | 215

13 – Five Important Beliefs

Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬asked the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to Declare that He Does not

Have These Five Things

Regarding this belief, we shall present 25 verses of the Qur’an. The

details are as follows:

The Five Beliefs Are:

(1) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is human being.

(2) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬does not have authority to cause harm and
benefit.
(3) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬does not have the knowledge of Ilm al-Ghaib
(the unseen)
(4) One must not associate partner with Allah (‫)ﷻ‬.
(5) We should only obey the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to get salvation.

Note: some scholars have discussed beliefs in length while explaining

these verses. Therefore, the experts say that scholars should keep
these verses while explaining belief.

1. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He was a Human

Being

The Qur’an says:

ٌ َ ٌ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ َ ََ َ َ ٌ ُْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ﱠ َﱠ‬
[18:110 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﺸﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜﻢ ﻳﻮ ِإ أﻧﻤﺎ ِإﻟ ﻜﻢ ِإﻟﮫ و ِاﺣﺪ ]اﻟﻜ ﻒ‬1

“Say, Surely, I am but a human being like you; it is revealed to me that

your God is the One God.” [18:110]
216 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُْ َ ََ ُ
[41:6 ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ ُﻳﻮ َ ِإ ﱠ أ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ِإﻟ ُ ﻜ ْﻢ ِإﻟ ٌﮫ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬2

“Say, I am but a human being like you; it is revealed to me that your

god is only One God.” [41:6]
ً َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ ُﺳ ْﺒ َﺤ‬3
[17:93 ‫ﺎن َرِّ ﻲ َ ْﻞ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ِإﻻ َ ﺸ ًﺮا َر ُﺳﻮﻻ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬

“Say, I proclaim the Purity of my Lord. I am nothing but human, a

messenger.” [17:93]

ُ ُْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ َ َ
[14:11 ‫ ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ ﻟ ُ ْﻢ ُر ُﺳﻠ ُ ْﻢ ِإ ْن ﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ ِإﻻ َ ﺸ ٌﺮ ِﻣﺜﻠﻜ ْﻢ ]إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ‬4

“Their prophets said to them, We are no more than a human being

like you,” [14:11]

In these 4 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare that he was

but a human being.

2. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He Does not Have Ilm

al-Ghaib

There are 8 verses related to this belief:

َ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ن‬ ْ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻻ َ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻢ َﻣ‬1
‫ض اﻟﻐﻴﺐ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ وﻣﺎ ﺸﻌﺮون أﻳﺎن ﻳﺒﻌﺜﻮ‬ ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬
[27:65 ‫]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬

“Say, No one in the heavens and the earth has the knowledge of the
Unseen except Allah. And they do not know when they will be raised
again.” [27:65]

َ ْ َ ْ ُ َْ َ ََ ‫َ َ ُ ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ُ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ُ ُل‬
[6:50 ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻗﻮ ﻟﻜﻢ ِﻋﻨ ِﺪي ﺧﺰا ِﺋﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻐﻴﺐ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬2
14 – Al-Shifa’at (Intercession) | 217

“Say, I do not say to you that I have the treasures of Allah, nor do I
have the knowledge of the Unseen.” [6:50]

َ ْ َ ْ ُ َْ َ ََ ‫َ َ ُ ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ُ َ ُ ُ َ ََ
[11:31 ‫ وﻻ أﻗﻮل ﻟﻜﻢ ِﻋﻨ ِﺪي ﺧﺰا ِﺋﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻻ أﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻐﻴﺐ ] ﻮد‬3

“And I do not say to you that I have the treasures of Allah, nor that I
have the knowledge of the unseen” [11:31]
ْ ُ ّ ْ َ ‫َْ ﱠ‬ َ
[10:20 ‫ ﻓ ُﻘ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ اﻟﻐ ْﻴ ُﺐ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓﺎﻧ َﺘ ِﻈ ُﺮوا ِإ ِ ﻲ َﻣ َﻌﻜ ْﻢ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﻨ َﺘ ِﻈ ِﺮ َﻦ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬4

“Say, The Unseen is only for Allah. So, wait. I am waiting with you.”
[10:20]

‫ﱠ َ َﱠ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ﱠ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َّ َ ُ َ ّ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َُ ْ َ
‫ ﺴﺄﻟﻮﻧﻚ ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﻋ ِﺔ أﻳﺎن ﻣﺮﺳﺎ ﺎ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ ِﻋﻠﻤ ﺎ ِﻋﻨﺪ رِ ﻲ ﻻ ﻳﺠ ِﻠ ﺎ ِﻟﻮﻗ ِ ﺎ ِإﻻ‬5
ُ َ َ َ ُ َ ً ْ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ُ َﻮ َﺛ ُﻘ َﻠ‬
‫ض ﻻ ﺗﺄ ِﺗﻴﻜ ْﻢ ِإﻻ َ ﻐ َﺘﺔ َ ْﺴﺄﻟﻮﻧ َﻚ ﺄ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َﺣ ِﻔ ﱞﻲ َﻋ ْ َ ﺎ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ‬ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬‫و‬ ‫ات‬ِ ‫ﺎو‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﺖ‬
َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ
‫اﻟﻠﮫ َوﻟﻜ ﱠﻦ أﻛ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َُْ َْ ﱠ‬
[7:187 ‫ﺎس ﻻ َ ْﻌﻠ ُﻤﻮن ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ِ ‫ِﻋﻠﻤ ﺎ ِﻋﻨﺪ‬

“They ask you about the Hour (i.e. the Doomsday), .When is it due to
happen? Say, Its knowledge is only with my Lord. No one can unfold
it except He at its time. It shall weigh heavy in the heavens and the
earth. It shall not come upon you but suddenly. They ask you as if you
were aware of it. Say, Its knowledge is only with Allah, but most of the
people do not know.” [7:187]

‫ﱠ َ ُ ْ ﱠَ َُْ َْ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َُ ْ َ
[ 33:63‫ ﺴﺄﻟﻚ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﻋ ِﺔ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ ِﻋﻠﻤ ﺎ ِﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬6

“People ask you about the Hour (i.e. the Day of Judgment). Say, Its
knowledge is only with Allah.” [33:63]

Whatever knowledge the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given was through

revelation, as the Qur’an says:
218 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ ُ
[7:203 ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ أ ﱠﺗ ِﺒ ُﻊ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ َ ِإ ﱠ ِﻣ ْﻦ َرِّ ﻲ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬7

“Say, I only follow what is revealed to me from my Lord.” [7:203]

َ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ‬

‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬8
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ََ ﱠ‬ َ
[46:9 ‫ِإ ﱠ َو َﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬ ٌﻳﺮ ُﻣ ِﺒ ن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬

“Say, I am not something unprecedented among the messengers, and

I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”
[46:9]

In these 8 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare that he did

not have Ilm al-Ghaib.

3. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare He Does not Have

Authority to Harm and Benefit

There verses related to this belief are as follows:

‫َ ﱠ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ً ََ َ ﱠ‬
[7:188 ‫ﺿﺮا ِإﻻ َﻣﺎ ﺷ َﺎء اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ وﻻ‬1

“Say, I have no power to bring a benefit or a harm to myself, except

that which Allah wills.” [7:188]

ُ ‫َ ََ َ ْ ً ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ
[10:49 ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ِﻟﻨﻔ ِ ﺿﺮا وﻻ ﻧﻔﻌﺎ ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎء اﻟﻠﮫ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬2

“Say, I have no power to bring a harm or a benefit to myself, except

what Allah wills.” [10:49]

ً َ َ ََ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ ّ ْ ُ
[72:21 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺿﺮا وﻻ رﺷﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬3
14 – Al-Shifa’at (Intercession) | 219

“Say, I possess no power to cause you any harm or bring you to a right
way.” [72:21]

ً َ َ ُْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ََ ٌ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ّ ْ ُ
[72:22 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻟﻦ ﻳ ِﺠ ِ ﻲ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﺣﺪ وﻟﻦ أ ِﺟﺪ ِﻣﻦ دو ِﻧ ِﮫ ﻣﻠﺘﺤﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬4

“Say, .No one can ever save me from Allah, and I can never find a
refuge save with Him.” [72:20]

َ ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻞ َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْدري َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ ﻲ َوَﻻ ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ ْن َأ ﱠﺗﺒ ُﻊ إ ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ ُﻳﻮ‬

‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﺑ ْﺪ ًﻋﺎ ﻣ‬5
‫ﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ ٌ َ ‫َ ﱠ َ َ ََ ﱠ‬
[46:9 ‫ِإ وﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ ﻧ ِﺬﻳﺮ ﻣ ِﺒ ن ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬

“Say, I am not something unprecedented among the messengers, and

I do not know what will be done to me or to you. I do not follow
anything but what is revealed to me, and I am only a clear warner.”
[46:9]

َ َ ‫ﺿﺮا َأ ْو َأ َ َاد ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻧ ْﻔ ًﻌﺎ َﺑ ْﻞ‬

‫ﺎن‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ إ ْن َأ َر َاد ﺑ ُﻜ ْﻢ‬
‫ُ ْ ََ ْ َْ ُ َُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻳﻤ ِﻠﻚ ﻟﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ‬6
َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[48:11 ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن ﺧ ِﺒ ً ا ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬

“Say, Then, who has power to help you in anything against Allah, if He
intends to do you harm, or intends to do you good? Rather, Allah is
fully aware of what you do.” [48:11]

ً َ َ ََ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ ّ ْ ُ
[72:21 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻻ أﻣ ِﻠﻚ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺿﺮا وﻻ رﺷﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬7

“Say, I possess no power to cause you any harm or bring you to a right
way.” [72:21]

ْ َ َ ْ ْ ُ َ ّ َ ُ ْ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ُ ُن‬
[10:15 ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳ ﻮ ِ أن أﺑ ِﺪﻟﮫ ِﻣﻦ ِﺗﻠﻘ ِﺎء ﻧﻔ ِ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬8

“Say, It is not possible for me to make changes in it on my own.”

[10:15]
220 | Samarat al-Aqaid

In these 8 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare that he has no

authority to harm and benefit.

4. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare Not to Associate

Partner with Allah

There verses related to this belief are as follows:

ً َ َ ُ ْ ُ ََ َّ ُ ْ َ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ‬
[72:20 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أدﻋﻮ رِ ﻲ وﻻ أﺷ ِﺮك ِﺑ ِﮫ أﺣﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬1

“Say, I invoke my Lord, and do not associate anyone with Him.”

[72:20]
َ َ َْ َ ُ ْ َ َْ َ ْ ُ ََ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ َ ُ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ُْ َ ﱠ‬
[13:36 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أ ِﻣﺮت أن أﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ وﻻ أﺷ ِﺮك ِﺑ ِﮫ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ أدﻋﻮ و ِ ﻟﻴ ِﮫ ﻣﺂ ِب ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬2

“Say, I am commanded only to worship Allah and not to ascribe

partners to Him. To Him I call and to Him is my return.” [13:36]

In these 2 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare not to

associate partner with Allah.

5. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was Asked to Declare Obey Me In Order to

Get Salvation

There verses related to this belief are as follows:

َ َ ْ ‫ُ ْ َ ُ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ ََﱠْ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ُ ﱡ‬
‫ ﻗﻞ أ ِﻃﻴﻌﻮا اﻟﻠﮫ واﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﻓ ِﺈن ﺗﻮﻟﻮا ﻓ ِﺈن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻻ ﻳ ِﺤﺐ اﻟ ﺎ ِﻓ ِﺮ ﻦ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬1
[3:32

“Say, Obey Allah and the Messenger. Then, should they turn back,
Allah does not love the disbelievers.” [3:32]
14 – Al-Shifa’at (Intercession) | 221

ُ َ َ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ َل ﻓ ِﺈ ْن ﺗ َﻮﻟ ْﻮا ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َﻣﺎ ُﺣ ِّﻤ َﻞ َو َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ‬ ُ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َو َأﻃ‬
‫ﻴﻌﻮا ﱠ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻗﻞ أ ِﻃﻴﻌﻮا‬2
ِ
[24:54 ‫ﻮﻩ َ ْ َﺘ ُﺪوا ]اﻟﻨﻮر‬ ُ ‫ُﺣ ّﻤ ْﻠ ُﺘ ْﻢ َو ْن ُﺗﻄ‬
ُ ‫ﻴﻌ‬
ِ ِ ِ

“Say, Obey Allah and obey the messenger. But if you turn away, then
on him (the messenger) lies (the responsibility of) what he is
burdened with, and on you lies (the responsibility of) what you are
burdened with. And if you obey him, you will get the right path.”
[24:54]

ُ ُ َُ ْ ‫ُ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ ُ ُ
‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ْن ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ ُﺗ ِﺤ ﱡﺒﻮن اﻟﻠ َﮫ ﻓ ﱠﺎﺗ ِﺒ ُﻌﻮ ِ ﻲ ُﻳ ْﺤ ِﺒ ْﺒﻜ ُﻢ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َو َ ﻐ ِﻔ ْﺮ ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ذ ُﻧﻮ َ ﻜ ْﻢ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬3
[3:31

“Say (O Prophet): If you really love Allah, then follow me, and Allah
shall love you and forgive you your sins.” [3:31]

In these 3 verses, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to declare: if you want

salvation obey me.
 | 222

14 – Al-Shifa’at (Intercession)

We shall quote 4 verses and 8 hadiths regarding this belief.

There shall be two types of Shifa’at (intercession) on Judgment Day:

(1) Al-Shifa’at al-Kubra (greater intercession): this will be granted

to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬only.
(2) Al-Shifa’at al-Sughra (lesser intercession): this will be granted
to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as to other prophets and pious
people.

The intercession can be made only with the permission of Allah,

nothing can happen without His permission, as the Qur’an says:

ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫َ ﱠ‬
[2:255 ‫ َﻣ ْﻦ ذا اﻟ ِﺬي َ ﺸ َﻔ ُﻊ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻩ ِإﻻ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِﻧ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬1

“Who can intercede with Him without His permission?” [2:255]

ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[10:3 ‫ َﻣﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺷ ِﻔ ٍﻴﻊ ِإﻻ ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ْﻌ ِﺪ ِإذ ِﻧ ِﮫ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬2

“There is no one who could intercede before Him, except after His
permission. That is Allah, your Lord. So, worship Him.” [10:3]

ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ََ َْ َ ُ ﱠ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[34:23 ‫ وﻻ ﺗﻨﻔﻊ اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ ِﻋﻨﺪﻩ ِإﻻ ِﻟﻤﻦ أ ِذن ﻟﮫ ]ﺳﺒﺄ‬3

“Intercession before Him is of no benefit, but for the one whom He

has permitted.” [34:23]
14 – Al-Shifa’at (Intercession) | 223

ً ‫ﺎﻋ ُﺔ َﺟﻤ‬
[39:44 ‫ﻴﻌﺎ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬
‫ُ ْ ﱠ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﺸ َﻔ‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬4
ِ

“Say, Intercession belongs entirely to Allah.” [39:44]

There Are 8 Ways of Intercession on Judgment Day

(1) Al-Shifa’at al-Kubra (greater intercession): this will be granted

to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬only.
(2) A believer was ruled to be pushed to to Jahannam due to his
sins, now he shall be interceded and thus will be sent to
Jannah. This type of intercession will be granted to the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as to other prophets and pious people.
(3) Some believers will be given entry into Jannah without any
reckoning by virtue of the Prophet’s intercession.
(4) By the intercession of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, punishment of
Jahannami (person in hell) will be lessened e.g. the torment
of Abu Talib will be decreased.
(5) All believers will be given entry into Jannah.
(6) Some people who committed major sins and were doomed
to hell shall be interceded and given entry into Jannah.
(7) Some believers will have equal sins and virtues, they will be
interceded and then given entry into Jannah. This
intercession will be made by the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as to
other prophets and pious people.
(8) Those in Jannah shall be interceded and thus their ranks will
be elevated in Jannah. Such intercession will be made by the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as by other prophets and pious people.

These are 8 types of intercession.

224 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Al-Shifa’at al-Kubra (Greater Intercession)

On Judgment Day, people will have to wait long for reckoning to take
place and would wish the reckoning to be minimized; thus they will
approach the prophets to intercede before Allah, but they will not be
ready for it and will excuse. Finally, they will approach the Messenger
of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬and he will intercede Allah and his intercession will be
accepted by Allah. This is called al-Shifa’at al-Kubra (Greater
Intercession)

(1) The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬will be Granted al-Shifa’at al-Kubra

(greater intercession), as it is mentioned in Hadith:

‫ﺎس َﻳ ْﻮ َم‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﱠ‬

َ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫َ َُْ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ "ﻳﺠﻤﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻗ‬1
ٍ
‫ْ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ََ َّ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َُْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ َ َْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﺄﺗﻮن آدم ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮن أﻧﺖ اﻟ ِﺬي‬.‫اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻟ ِﻮ اﺳ ﺸﻔﻌﻨﺎ ﻋ رِ ﻨﺎ ﺣ ﻳ ِﺮ ﺤﻨﺎ ِﻣﻦ ﻣ ﺎ ِﻧﻨﺎ‬
َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َََ َ ‫ َو َﻧ َﻔ َﺦ ﻓ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﺑ َﻴﺪﻩ‬ ‫َََ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل‬.‫ﺎﺷ َﻔ ْﻊ ﻟ َﻨﺎ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َرِّ َﻨﺎ‬‫ ﻓ‬،‫ وأﻣﺮ اﻟﻤﻼ ِﺋﻜﺔ ﻓ ﺪوا ﻟﻚ‬،‫ﻴﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُرو ِﺣ ِﮫ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺧﻠﻘﻚ‬
َ ُ َُ ‫ُﱠ‬ َ ْ ََ ُْ َ ً ‫َﻟ ْﺴ ُﺖ ُ َﻨ ُﺎﻛ ْﻢ ـ َو َ ْﺬ ُﻛ ُﺮ َﺧﻄﻴ َ َﺘ ُﮫ َو َ ُﻘﻮ ُل ـ ْاﺋ ُﺘﻮا ُﻧ‬
‫ﺎل ا ْرﻓ ْﻊ‬ ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻘ‬....... ‫ ﻓ َﻴﺄﺗﻮ ِ ﻲ ﻓﺄ ْﺳ َﺘﺄ ِذ ُن َﻋ َرِّ ﻲ‬...... ‫ﻮﺣﺎ‬ ِ
َْ ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ ‫َْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬. ِ ‫ ﻓﺄرﻓﻊ رأ‬.‫ واﺷﻔﻊ ﺸﻔﻊ‬،‫ وﻗﻞ ﺴﻤﻊ‬،‫ ﺳﻞ ﻌﻄﮫ‬،‫رأﺳﻚ‬
(6565 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ واﻟﻨﺎر‬

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "Allah

will gather all the people on the Day of Resurrection and they will say,
'Let us request someone to intercede for us with our Lord so that He
may relieve us from this place of ours.' Then they will go to Adam and
say, 'You are the one whom Allah created with His Own Hands, and
breathed in you of His soul, and ordered the angels to prostrate to
you; so please intercede for us with our Lord.' Adam will reply, 'I am
not fit for this undertaking, and will remember his sin, and will say,
'Go to Noah …… 'They will come to me and I will ask my Lord's
permission …… and then I will be addressed. 'Raise up your head (O
Muhammad)! Ask, and your request will be granted, and say, and your
saying will be listened to; intercede, and your intercession will be
accepted.' Then I will raise my head…” (Sahih al-Bukhari, p 1136, No.
6565)
14 – Al-Shifa’at (Intercession) | 225

Other Intercessions

(2) Second intercession: A believer was ruled to be pushed to to

Jahannam due to his sins, now he shall be interceded and thus will be
sent to Jannah. This type of intercession will be granted to the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as to other prophets and pious people, as this is
mentioned in hadith:
َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ََ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ّ ْﺑﻦ َأ ﻲ َﻃ ِﺎﻟﺐ‬2
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫اﺳ َﺘﻈ َﻬ َﺮ ُﻩ ﻓﺄ َﺣ ﱠﻞ‬ ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ "ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮأ اﻟﻘﺮآن و‬ ٍ َ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ ََ
‫ )ﺳ ن‬."‫َﺣﻼﻟ ُﮫ َو َﺣ ﱠﺮ َم َﺣ َﺮ َاﻣ ُﮫ أ ْدﺧﻠ ُﮫ اﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑ ِﮫ ا ﻨﺔ وﺷﻔﻌﮫ ِ ﻋﺸ َﺮ ٍة ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ ﺑ ِﺘ ِﮫ ﻠﻬ ْﻢ وﺟﺒﺖ ﻟﮫ اﻟﻨ ُﺎر‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ْ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ
(2905 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،653 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓﻀﻞ ﻗﺎرئ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬،‫اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬

Hadhrat 'Ali bub Abi Talib (raz) narrated that the Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﷺ‬said: "Whoever recites the Qur'an and memorizes it, making
lawful what it makes lawful, and unlawful what it makes unlawful,
Allah will admit him to Paradise due to it, and grant him intercession
for ten of his family members who were to be consigned to the Fire."
(Al-Tirmidhi, Kitab Fadhail al-Quran, p. 653, No. 2905)

This hadith says intercession can be made for those who were sent to
Jahannam. Common believers also can make this type of intercession.

(3) Some believers will be given entry into Jannah without any
reckoning by virtue of the Prophet’s intercession, as the hadith says:

‫ﺎب‬‫ﺴ‬َ ‫ﺎل " َﻳ ْﺪ ُﺧ ُﻞ ﻣ ْﻦ ُأ ﱠﻣ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨ َﺔ َﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌﻮ َن َأ ْﻟ ًﻔﺎ َﻐ ْ ﺣ‬

َ َ
‫ﻗ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬3
‫اﻟﻨ‬
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ ‫َ َ َ َ ُِ ٌ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﯿﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬."‫ ﻗﺎل " اﻟﻠﻬﻢ اﺟﻌﻠﮫ ِﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬. ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل رﺟﻞ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ادع اﻟﻠﮫ أن ﻳﺠﻌﻠ ِ ِﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬. "
(520/216 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،111 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺪﻟﯿﻞ ﻋ دﺧﻮل ﻃﻮاﺋﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ ن ا ﻨﺔ ﻐ ﺣﺴﺎب‬،‫اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Seventy thousand (persons) of my Ummah would
enter Paradise without rendering an account. Upon this a person said:
Messenger of Allah. pray to Allah that He make me one of them. He
(the Holy Prophet) said: O Allah! make him one of them.” (Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p. 111, No. 216/520)
226 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(4) By the intercession of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, punishment of Jahannami

(person in hell) will be decreased, as the hadith says:

ََ ُ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ ا ْ ُ ْﺪر ّي ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ ﱠ‬4

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َوذ ِﻛ َﺮ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻩ َﻋ ﱡﻤ ُﮫ ﻓﻘﺎ َل‬ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
ُ ُ َ ُ ْ ْ َ َْْ َ ُ َُْ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ َ َْ ُ ‫َ َﱠ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬." ‫ ﻐ ِ ِﻣﻨﮫ ِدﻣﺎﻏﮫ‬،‫ ﻳﺒﻠﻎ ﻛﻌﺒﻴ ِﮫ‬،‫ﻀ ٍﺎح ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر‬ ِ ‫ ﻓﻴﺠﻌﻞ‬،‫" ﻟﻌﻠﮫ ﺗﻨﻔﻌﮫ ﺷﻔﺎﻋ ِ ﻳﻮم اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬
(3885 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،652 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﺼﺔ أ ﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ اﻷﻧﺼﺎر‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri (raz) that he heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬when
somebody mentioned his uncle (i.e. Abu Talib), saying, "Perhaps my
intercession will be helpful to him on the Day of Resurrection so that
he may be put in a shallow fire reaching only up to his ankles. His brain
will boil from it." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab Manaqib al-Ansar, p. 652,
No. 3885)

This hadith says that by virtue of the Prophet’s intercession the

punishment of Jahannami was decreased.

(5) All believers will be given entry into Jannah by the intercession of
the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, as the hadiths say:
ََ ْ ْ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َأ َﻧﺎ َأ ﱠو ُل ﱠ‬
‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ ْﺑﻦ‬5
‫ﺎس َ ﺸ َﻔ ُﻊ ِ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َوأﻧﺎ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ‫ل‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ، ‫ﻚ‬
ٍ ‫ﺎﻟ‬
ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ِ ِ
َ َْ َ ْ َ
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻨ ﷺ أﻧﺎ أول اﻟﻨﺎس ﺸﻔﻊ ا ﻨﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬."‫أﻛ ُ اﻷﻧ ِ َﻴ ِﺎء ﺗ َﺒ ًﻌﺎ‬
(483/196 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،105

Hadhrat Anas b. Malik (raz) reported that the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: “I would be the first among people to intercede in the Paradise
and amongst the apostles I would have the largest following (on the
Day of Resurrection).” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p. 105, No.
196/483)
ٌ ٌ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ِﻟ ِ ّﻞ ﻧ ِ ّ ٍ َد ْﻋ َﻮة ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘ َﺠ َﺎﺑﺔ َﻳ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮ ِﺑ َﻬﺎ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬6
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ َُِ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ّ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ً ُﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬."‫ﻓ ﺴﺘﺠﺎب ﻟﮫ ﻓﻴﺆﺗﺎ ﺎ وِ ِ ﻲ اﺧﺘﺒﺄت دﻋﻮ ِ ﻲ ﺷﻔﺎﻋﺔ ﻷﻣ ِ ﻳﻮم اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ‬
(494/200 ،106 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﺧﺘﺒﺎء اﻟﻨ دﻋﻮة اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ ﻷﻣﺘ‬
14 – Al-Shifa’at (Intercession) | 227

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) said that the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“Every Messenger is endowed with a prayer which is granted and by
which he would (pray to his Lord) and it would he granted for him. I
have, however, reserved my prayer for the intercession of my Ummab
on the Day of Resurrection.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p. 106, No.
200/494)

These two hadiths indicate that the Ummah shall be granted entry
into Jannah by virtue of the Prophet’s supplication.

(6) Some people who committed major sins and were doomed to hell
shall be interceded, as the hadith says:

َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬

‫ﺎل " َﻳ ْﺨ ُﺮ ُج َﻗ ْﻮ ٌم ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َْ ُ ُ ْ ُ َ ْ ََ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِﺎر‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ِﻋﻤﺮان ﺑﻦ ﺣﺼ ن ٍ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ـ ﻋ ِﻦ‬7
ْ َ َ ْ َ ُُ َ َ ‫َﺸ َﻔ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ ُ َﺴ ﱠﻤ ْﻮن ا َ َﻬ ﱠﻨ ِﻤ ِّﻴ َن‬،‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ َﻴ ْﺪﺧﻠﻮن ا َ ﱠﻨﺔ‬ ِ
(6566 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ و اﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬

Hadhrat Imran bin Husain (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"Some people will be taken out of the Fire through the intercession
of Muhammad they will enter Paradise and will be called Al-
Jahannamiyin (the Hell Fire people).” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-
Riqaq, p. 1136, No. 6566)
ُ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ
،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ِ ‫ﺎﻋ ِ ﻷ ْ ِﻞ اﻟﻜ َﺒﺎ ِﺋ ِﺮ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ﱠﻣ‬ ‫ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ ْﺑﻦ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ‬8
‫ " ﺷﻔ‬: ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل‬ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
(4739 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،670 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬

Hadhrat Anas ibn Malik (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “My
intercession will be for those of my people who have committed
major sins.” (Sunan Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Sunnah, p. 670, No. 4739)

(7) Some believers will have equal sins and virtues; they will be
interceded and then given entry into Jannah. Such an intercession will
be made by the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as to other prophets and pious
people.
228 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(8) Those in Jannah shall be interceded and thus their ranks will be
elevated. This type of intercession will be made by the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as
well as by other prophets and pious people.

These were total 4 verses and 8 hadiths, the details of which were
presented before you.
 | 229

15 – Believing in Prophets

We shall quote 17 verses and 2 hadiths regarding this belief.

Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬raised prophets to this world, according to sources, there

have be sent about 124000 prophets to this world. The names of
some of these prophets were mentioned in the Qur’an while most of
them were not.

Muslims are required to believe in all the prophets that they were
true and sent in their respective times, their Shariah was true, but
after the advent of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, their Shariahs were abrogated.
Now, it is necessary to believe and follow the Shari’ah of Muhammad
(‫)ﷺ‬, it is binding to get salvation in the hereafter.

There were 6 main beliefs that were common among all prophets and
they are fundamental in Islam as well: (1) belief in Allah (2) belief in
prophet (3) belief in the book of Allah (4) belief in angels (5) belief in
Judgment Day (6) belief in destiny. But their other rulings of prayer
etc were different in the Shariah of the prophets.

Therefore, it is required for a Muslim to believe in the prophets that

they were true prophets and their Shariah was binding in their time.

Belief in All Prophets is Required to Become a Muslim

It is one of the marvels of Islam that demands its followers to believe

in all prophets and pay respect to them.

Believing in all prophets means that they were true prophets sent by
Allah and their Shariahs were true and binding for their age, but now
they stay abrogated. Similarly the scripture revealed to them were
230 | Samarat al-Aqaid

sent down by Allah and were binding for their time, believing in these
scriptures as true book sent by Allah is necessary, but they will not be
followed after the revelation of the Qur’an, now acting upon the
Qur’an is essential.

The Qur’an says:

َ‫ﻴﻞ َو ْ َ ﺎق‬ َ ‫ﺎﻋ‬ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ ُْ َ َ َََْ َ ُْ َ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬

ِ َ ِ ُ ‫ ﻗﻞ ْ َآﻣﻨﺎ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ ُوﻣﺎ أﻧ ِﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ وﻣﺎ أﻧ ِﺰل ﻋ َ ِإﺑﺮا ِ ﻴﻢ َ و ِ ﺳﻤ‬1
ُ ُ ‫َو َ ْﻌ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡﻴﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ِّر ِ ْﻢ ﻻ ﻧ َﻔ ِّﺮق َﺑ ْ َن أ َﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ْ ُ ْﻢ‬
‫ﻮب َواﻷ ْﺳ َﺒﺎط َو َﻣﺎ أو َﻲ ُﻣﻮ َ َوﻋ َ َو ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﻘ‬
َ‫َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ُ ْ ُ ن‬
[3:84 ‫وﻧﺤﻦ ﻟﮫ ﻣﺴ ِﻠﻤﻮ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“Say, We believe in Allah and in what has been revealed to us and in

what was revealed to Ibrahim, Isma’il, Ishaq , Ya’qub and the
descendants, and in what has been given to Musa, Isa and the
prophets, from their Lord: We do not differentiate between any of
them; and to Him we submit ourselves.” [3:84]

This following verse asks to believe in all prophets and make no

difference among them:

ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُْ ‫ َآ َﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬2
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل ِﺑ َﻤﺎ أﻧ ِﺰ َل ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ َرِّ ِﮫ َواﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ُﻨﻮن ﱞﻞ آ َﻣ َﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو َﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜ ِﺘ ِﮫ َوﻛ ُﺘ ِﺒ ِﮫ‬
َ ُ ُ َ
[2:285 ‫َو ُر ُﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ﻻ ﻧ َﻔ ّ ِﺮق َﺑ ْ َن أ َﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُر ُﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“The Messenger has believed in what has been revealed to him from
his Lord, and the believers as well. All have believed in Allah and His
angels and His Books and His Messengers. .We make no division
between any of His Messengers.” [2:285]

َ‫ﻴﻞ َو ْ َ ﺎق‬ َ ‫ﺎﻋ‬ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُْ َ َ ََْ َ ُْ َ َ ‫ُ ُ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬

ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﻮﻟﻮا آﻣﻨﺎ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻣﺎ أﻧ ِﺰل ِإﻟﻴﻨﺎ وﻣﺎ أﻧ ِﺰل ِإ ِإﺑﺮا ِ ﻴﻢ و ِ ﺳﻤ‬3
ُ ُ َ َ ‫ََ ُْ َ َ َْْ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡﻴﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ِرّ ِ ْﻢ ﻻ ﻧ َﻔ ّ ِﺮق َﺑ ْ َن‬ ‫ﺎط وﻣﺎ أو ِ ﻲ ﻣﻮ و ِﻋ وﻣﺎ أو ِ ﻲ‬ ِ ‫و ﻌﻘﻮب واﻷﺳﺒ‬
‫ن‬َ ُ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُْ َ َ
[2:136 ‫أﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ﻢ وﻧﺤﻦ ﻟﮫ ﻣﺴ ِﻠﻤﻮ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
15 – Believing in Prophets | 231

“Say (O, Muslims): We believe in Allah, and in what has been revealed
to us, and in what has been revealed to Ibrahim, Ismail (Ishmael),
Ishaq (Isaac), Ya’qub and his children, and in what has been given to
Musa and Isa (Jesus) and what has been given to the prophets from
their Lord: We make no difference between any of them, and to Him
we submit ourselves.” [2:136]

These verses demands Muslims to believe in all the prophets;

otherwise iman (faith) will not be complete.

Only Some Prophets were Mentioned in the Qur’an by Name

It is mentioned in a hadith that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬send down around 124000

prophets, out of whom about 315 were messengers. Only some of
these prophets and messengers were mentioned in the Qur’an by
name, as the verse says:

ُ ‫ﺼ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻚ َوﻣ ْ ُ ْﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻟ ْﻢ َﻧ ْﻘ‬

ْ‫ﺼﺺ‬ َ ‫ َو َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َأ ْر َﺳ ْﻠ َﻨﺎ ُر ُﺳ ًﻼ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﺒﻠ َﻚ ﻣ ْ ُ ْﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ‬4
ْ ‫ﺼ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ
[40:78 ‫َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻚ ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬

“We had sent messengers before you. Among them there are those
whose history We have narrated to you, and of them there are those
whose history We did not narrate to you.” [40:78]

The number of the prophets is mentioned in the following hadith:

‫ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ أﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻗﺎل ﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ اﻟﻤ ﺪ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﺎ ۔۔۔ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺖ ﯾﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﮐﻢ و ﻋﺪة‬
.‫ اﻟﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﻦ ذاﻟﮏ ﺛﻼث ﻣﺄة و ﺧﻤﺲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺟﻤﺎ ﻏﻔ ا‬،‫ ﻣﺄةاﻟﻒ وار ﻌﺔ وﻋﺸﺮون أﻟﻔﺎ‬:‫اﻻﻧ ﯿﺎء؟ ﻗﺎل‬
‫؛ اﻟﻄ ا ﻲ‬22288/21785 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،356 ‫ ص‬،7 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ أ ﻲ أﻣﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺒﺎ اﻟﺼﺪي‬،‫)ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬
(7871 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،217 ‫ ص‬،8 ‫ ج‬، ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﺎن ﺑﻦ رﻓﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺴﻼﻣﻲ‬، ‫اﻟﮑﺒ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Umamah (raz), he said: “The

Holy Prophet was sitting in the mosque ... he said, I asked, how many
prophets are there? He said: One hundred and twenty-four thousand,
232 | Samarat al-Aqaid

three hundred and fifteen out of them are messengers.” (Musnad

Ahmad, Hadith of Abu Umamah Al-Bahli Al-Sadi, vol. 7, p. 356, No.
21785/22288; al-Tabarani al-Kabir, Musnad Mu’an bin Rufa’ah al-
Salami, vo. 8, p. 217, No. 7871)

This hadith says that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬send down 124000 prophets and 315
among them were messengers. The most important of them were
four who were given holy books:

(1) Musa (peace be upon him)

(2) Isa (peace be upon him)

(3) Dawud (peace be upon him)

(4) Muhammad (may peace and blessing of Allah be upon him)

All Prophets Taught the Unity of God

All the prophets taught mainly to believe in Allah, believe in prophet,

believe in books of Allah, believe in angels, believe in resurrection on
Judgment Day and to believe in destiny. But other rulings of their
religions were somehow different e.g. prayer method and days of fast
were different. The Qur’an says:

ً َ ْ ‫ ﻟ ُ ّﻞ َﺟ َﻌ ْﻠ َﻨﺎ ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ ﺷ ْﺮ َﻋ ًﺔ َوﻣ‬1
[5:48‫ﺎﺟﺎ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
“For each of you We have made a law and a method.” [5:48]

ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ُ ُل َ ُ ْ َل َ ْ ْ َ ّ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َن ُ ﱞ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ آﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺳﻮ ِﺑﻤﺎ أﻧ ِﺰ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ رِ ِﮫ واﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨﻮ ﻞ آﻣﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜ ِﺘ ِﮫ وﻛﺘ ِﺒ ِﮫ‬2
َ ُ ُ َ
[ 2:285‫َو ُر ُﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ﻻ ﻧ َﻔ ّ ِﺮق َﺑ ْ َن أ َﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُر ُﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“The Messenger has believed in what has been revealed to him from
his Lord, and the believers as well. All have believed in Allah and His
15 – Believing in Prophets | 233

angels and His Books and His Messengers. .We make no division
between any of His Messengers,” [2:285]

This verse says that belief in Allah, angels and divine books was
common in all prophets’ religions.
ْ ْ‫ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻧ َﻴﺎ َواﻵ ِﺧ َﺮ ِة‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ َأ َﻧﺎ َأ ْو َ ﱠ‬
َ َ‫اﻟﻨﺎس ﻌ َ ْاﺑﻦ َﻣ ْﺮ‬
‫ﻢ‬
‫َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ُ ‫ْ ٌ ﱠ‬ َْ ْ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب أﺣﺎدﯾﺚ اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫َواﻷﻧ ِ َﻴ ُﺎء ِإﺧ َﻮة ِﻟ َﻌﻼ ٍت أ ﱠﻣ َ ﺎ ُ ُ ْﻢ ﺷ ﱠ َو ِدﻳ ُ ُ ْﻢ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ‬
،580 ‫( ص‬3:45 ) ‫ﻌﺎ إذ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﮑﺔ ﯾﻤﺮ ﻢ إن اﻟﻠ ﯾ ﺸﺮک ﺑ ﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﻨ اﺳﻤ اﻟﻤﺴﯿﺢ ﻋ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺮ ﻢ‬
(3443 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,

"Both in this world and in the Hereafter, I am the nearest of all the
people to Jesus, the son of Mary. The prophets are paternal brothers;
their mothers are different, but their religion is one." (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Kitab Ahadith al-Anbiya, p. 580, No. 3443)

The verse and hadith confirm that the fundamentals of all regions
brought by the prophets was the same, though the other rulings were
different.

Now it is Necessary to Believe in the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

Now, after the advent of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, it is necessary to believe in

him and salvation will depend on his belief only, as the Qur’an says:
َ ْ ‫ﱠ ّ َ َْ ﱠ‬
[3:19 ‫اﻹ ْﺳﻼ ُم ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ِﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
ِ ‫ ِإن‬6

“Truly, the (recognized) religion in the sight of Allah is Islam.” [3:19]

ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ََ ً َ ْ ْ ََْ ََْ ْ َ َ
[3:85 ‫اﻹﺳﻼ ِم ِدﻳﻨﺎ ﻓﻠﻦ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ِﻣﻨﮫ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ِ ‫ وﻣﻦ ﻳ ﺘ ِﻎ ﻏ‬7
“Whoever seeks a faith other than Islam, it will never be accepted
from him.” [3:85]
234 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ ْ ُ ََْ ُ ْ َ ََْ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َْ
‫اﻹ ْﺳﻼ َم ِد ًﻳﻨﺎ‬
ِ ‫ اﻟﻴﻮم أﻛﻤﻠﺖ ﻟﻜﻢ ِدﻳﻨﻜﻢ وأﺗﻤﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ِ ﻌﻤ ِ ور ِﺿ ﺖ ﻟﻜﻢ‬8
[5:3 ‫]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“Today, I have perfected your religion for you, and have completed
My blessing upon you, and chosen Islam as Din (religion and a way of
life) for you.” [5:3]

ُ ‫ﺼ ّﺪ ٌق ﻟ َﻤﺎ َﻣ َﻌ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻟ ُﺘ ْﺆﻣ ُ ﱠن ﺑﮫ َو َﻟ َﺘ ْﻨ‬

[3:81 ‫ﺼ ُﺮﱠﻧ ُﮫ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺟ َﺎء ُﻛ ْﻢ َر ُﺳﻮ ٌل ُﻣ‬9
ِِ ِ ِ ِ

“Then comes to you a messenger verifying what is with you, you shall
have to believe in him, and you shall have to support him.” [3:81]

These verses say that accepting Islam and believing in the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬is necessary.
َ
‫ﺲ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ ﻻ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻗ‬
ُ ‫ﺎل " َو ﱠاﻟ ِﺬي َﻧ ْﻔ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬1
َ َ ‫ﻮت َو َﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْﺆﻣ ْﻦ ﺑ ﱠﺎﻟﺬي ُأ ْ ﺳ ْﻠ ُﺖ ﺑﮫ إ ﱠﻻ‬
‫ﺎن ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ُ ‫ﺼ َﺮا ﱞﻲ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻳ ُﻤ‬
ْ ََ َ ُ َ ْ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ
ِِ ِ ِ ‫ِ ِ ِ ر‬ ِ ‫ﻮد ﱞي وﻻ ﻧ‬ ِ ُ َ ‫ﺴ َﻤﻊ ِ ﻲ أﺣﺪ ِﻣﻦ ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻷ ﱠﻣ ِﺔ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب وﺟﻮب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻧﺒ ﻨﺎ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ إ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬. " ‫اﻟﻨ ِﺎر‬ ‫َأ ْ َ ﺎب ﱠ‬
ِ
(386/153 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،76 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻞ ﺑﻤﻠﺘ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس و‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬observed: “By Him in Whose hand is the life of Muhammad,
he who amongst the community of Jews or Christians hears about me,
but does not affirm his belief in that with which I have been sent and
dies in this state (of disbelief), he shall be but one of the denizens of
Hell-Fire.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p. 76, No. 153/386)

Giving Superiority a Prophet over another Prophet is not Right

It is not lawful to give a prophet superiority over other that causes

disrespect, as the hadith says:
15 – Believing in Prophets | 235

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻋ َ ْاﻟﻤ ْﻨ َ َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬2
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
‫َ ُ ُ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ َ َْ َ َ ﱠ َ ََ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
ُ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو َر ُﺳ ُﻮﻟﮫ‬
ِ ‫ ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮا ﻋﺒﺪ‬،‫ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ‬،‫وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮل " ﻻ ﺗﻄﺮو ِ ﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ أﻃﺮ ِت اﻟﻨﺼﺎرى اﺑﻦ ﻣﺮ ﻢ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﴿واذﮐﺮ اﻟﮑﺘﺎب ﻣﺮ ﻢ اذ اﻧ ﺒﺬت‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب أﺣﺎدﯾﺚ اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."
(3445 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،580 ‫ ص‬،16:19 ‫ﻣﻦ ا ﻠ ﺎ‬

Hadhrat `Umar (raz) narrates: I heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying, "Do not
exaggerate in praising me as the Christians praised the son of Mary,
for I am only a Slave. So, call me the Slave of Allah and His Apostle."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Hadiths of the Prophets, p 580, No 3445)

The hadith says that do not exxagerate about me as the Christians

have exaggerated about the Prophet Isa (peace be upon him).

Four Major Books were Mentioned in the Qur’an

Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬revealed four major scriptures to four great prophets: the

Torah to Musa (peace be upon him), Injil to Isa (peace be upon him),
Zabur to Dawud (peace be upon him) and the Qur’an to the Prophet
Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬.

The Qur’an to the Prophet Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬, as the verse says:

َ ْ َ َ َْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َْ َْ َ
[20:2 ‫ ﻣﺎ أﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ اﻟﻘﺮآن ِﻟ ﺸﻘﻰ ]ﻃﮫ‬10

“We did not reveal the Qur‘an to you to (make you) face hardship.”
[20:2]

The Torah to the Prophet Musa (pbuh), as the verse says:

ٌ ُ َ ً ُ َ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ َْ َْ َ ﱠ‬
[5:44 ‫ ِإﻧﺎ أﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎ اﻟﺘﻮراة ِﻓ ﺎ ﺪى وﻧﻮر ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬11

“Surely We have sent down the Torah, in which there was guidance
and light” [5:44]
236 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Injil to the Prophet Isa (pbuh), as the verse says:

ُ‫اﻟﺘ ْﻮ َراة َو َآ َﺗ ْ َﻨﺎﻩ‬

‫ﺼ ّﺪ ًﻗﺎ ﻟ َﻤﺎ َﺑ ْ َن َﻳ َﺪ ْﻳﮫ ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬َ ‫ َو َﻗ ﱠﻔ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َ َآ َﺛﺎر ْﻢ ﻌ َ ْاﺑﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ ُﻣ‬12
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ
ْ ًَ ‫ﺼ ّﺪ ًﻗﺎ ﻟ َﻤﺎ َﺑ ْ َن َﻳ َﺪ ْﻳﮫ ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬ َُ ً ُ ْ ْ
‫اﻟﺘ ْﻮ َر ِاة َو ُ ًﺪى َو َﻣ ْﻮ ِﻋﻈﺔ ِﻟﻠ ُﻤ ﱠﺘ ِﻘ َن‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﻮر َو ُﻣ‬
ٌ ‫ﻧ‬‫و‬ ‫ى‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻴﮫ‬ َ
ِ ِ ِ ‫اﻹ‬
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻴﻞ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ِ
[5:46 ‫]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“We sent Isa son of Maryam after those prophets, confirming the
Torah that was (revealed) before him, and We gave him the Injil
having guidance and light therein, and confirming the Torah that was
(revealed) before it; a guidance and a lesson for the God-fearing. ”
[5:46]

The Zabur to the Prophet Dawud (pbup), as the verse says:

ً ُ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َََ ْ َ ََ َ ّ ‫ََ َ ْ َ ﱠَْ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬

[17:55 ‫ﺾ وآﺗ ﻨﺎ داوود ز ﻮرا ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬ ٍ ‫ وﻟﻘﺪ ﻓﻀﻠﻨﺎ ﻌﺾ اﻟﻨ ِ ِﻴ ن ﻋ ﻌ‬13
“We have certainly granted excellence to some prophets over some
others, and We gave Dawud the Zabur (the Psalms).” [17:55]

َ‫اﻟﻨ ّﻴ َن ﻣ ْﻦ َ ْﻌ ِﺪﻩ َو َأ ْو َﺣ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ إ َ إ ْﺑ َﺮا ﻴﻢ‬

‫ إ ﱠﻧﺎ َأ ْو َﺣ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ إ َﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ َﻛ َﻤﺎ َأ ْو َﺣ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ إ َ ُﻧﻮح َو ﱠ‬14
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ٍ ِ َ ِ ِ
َ‫ﺲ َو َ ُﺎرو َن َو ُﺳ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤﺎن‬ ُ
َ ‫ﻮب َو ُ ﻮ‬ َ
َ ‫ﺎط َو ِﻋ َ َوأ ﱡﻳ‬ ْ ُ
ْ َ َ ‫ﻴﻞ َو ْ َ ﺎق َو َ ْﻌﻘ‬ َ َ ‫َو ْﺳ‬
ِ ‫ﻮب واﻷﺳ َﺒ‬ ِ
َ ‫ﺎﻋ‬ ِ ‫ﻤ‬
ً ُ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ َِ َ
[4:163 ‫وآﺗ ﻨﺎ داوود ز ﻮرا ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“Surely, We have revealed to you as We have revealed to Nuh and to

the prophets after him; and We have revealed to Ibrahim, Isma’il,
Ishaq, Ya’qub and their children, and to Isa, Ayyub, Yunus, Harun and
Sulaiman, and We have given Zabur to Dawud .” [4:163]

The verses mention that those four major books were revealed to the
four great Prophets.
15 – Believing in Prophets | 237

Other Scriptures and Divine Books

The following verse mentions some more books that revealed by

Allah:

َ َ ْ ‫ﻴﻞ َو‬
‫ﺎق‬ َ ‫ﺎﻋ‬ َ
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺎﻟﻠﮫ َو َﻣﺎ ُأ ْﻧﺰ َل َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ َو َﻣﺎ ُأ ْﻧﺰ َل َﻋ َ إ ْﺑ َﺮا‬
ْ ‫ﻴﻢ َو‬ ‫ُ ْ ََﱠ ﱠ‬
ِ َ ِ ُ ِ َ ِ ِ َ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ آﻣﻨﺎ ِﺑ‬15
‫اﻷ ْﺳ َﺒﺎط َو َﻣﺎ ُأو َﻲ ُﻣﻮ َ َوﻋ َ َو ﱠ‬
ْ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡﻴﻮن ﻣ ْﻦ َ ّر ْﻢ ﻻ ُﻧ َﻔ ّﺮق َﺑ ْ َن أ َﺣ ٍﺪ ﻣ ْ ُ ﻢ‬ َْ َ َ ُْ ََ
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫و ﻌﻘﻮب و‬
َ َ َ
[3:84 ‫َوﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ ﻟ ُﮫ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ُﻤﻮن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“Say, We believe in Allah and in what has been revealed to us and in

what was revealed to Ibrahim, Isma’il, Ishaq , Yaq’ub and the
descendants, and in what has been given to Musa, Isa and the
prophets, from their Lord: We do not differentiate between any of
them; and to Him we submit ourselves.” [3:84]

[5:48 ‫ﺎب ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬‫ﺘ‬َ ‫ﺼ ّﺪ ًﻗﺎ ﻟ َﻤﺎ َﺑ ْ َن َﻳ َﺪ ْﻳﮫ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻟﻜ‬

َ ‫ﺎب ﺑﺎ ْ َ ّﻖ ُﻣ‬
َ ‫ﺘ‬َ ‫ َو َأ ْﻧ َ ْﺰﻟ َﻨﺎ إ َﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ ْاﻟﻜ‬16
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
“We have sent down to you the Book with truth, confirming the Book
before it” [5:48]
ُْ ُ ‫ﱡ‬
َ ‫ ُ ُ ﻒ إ ْﺑ َﺮا‬ َ ‫اﻷو‬ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[87:18-19 ‫ﻴﻢ َو ُﻣﻮ َ ]اﻷﻋ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻒ‬
ِ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻔ‬
ِ ‫ ِإن ﺬا‬17
‫ﻟ‬

“Indeed this is (written) in the earlier divine scripts, the scripts of

Ibrahim and Musa.” [87:1819-]

These verses mention some more divine scripts by Allah to the

prophets.

These were total 17 verses and 2 hadiths, which you saw in detail.
 | 238

16 – Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

We shall present 3 verses and 2 hadiths regarding this belief, the

details are as follows:

The blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is of four types:

(1) To abuse the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬openly and repeat it even after

persuasions.

(2) To avoid open abuse, but use a language that implies his
disrespect.

(3) A Muslim uses a somehow ambiguous word, which is considered

and elaborated by some Muslims of other school as blasphemous.

(4) Some non-Muslim person of non-Muslim country acts in a way

that causes blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, then what should be done?

The details are as follows:

Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is an Act of Great Curse

Blasphemy of the prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is a great curse to believe in Allah,

rather abusing a prophet is also an act of great curse, it causes
disbelief that deprives one of iman (faith).

The Qur’an has emphasized to respect and obey the prophets, it says:

َ َ َ َْ ْ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ﱠ ﱠ َ ُ ْ ُ َن ﱠ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻧ َﻴﺎ َواﻵ ِﺧ َﺮ ِة َوأ َﻋ ﱠﺪ ﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻋﺬ ًاﺑﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺆذو اﻟﻠﮫ ورﺳﻮﻟﮫ ﻟﻌ ﻢ‬1
[33:57 ‫ُﻣ ِ ًﻴﻨﺎ ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬
16 – Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬ | 239

“Surely, those who annoy Allah and His Messenger are cursed by
Allah in this world and in the Hereafter, and He has prepared for them
a humiliating punishment.” [33:57]
ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ َوﻻ َﺗ ْﺠ َ ُﺮوا ﻟ ُﮫ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ ِل‬ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫َ َﱡَ ﱠ‬
‫ق‬
‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا ﻻ ﺗﺮﻓﻌﻮا أﺻﻮاﺗﻜﻢ ﻓﻮ ﺻﻮ ِت‬2
َ ُ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ََُْ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ
[49:2 ‫ﺾ أن ﺗﺤﺒﻂ أﻋﻤﺎﻟﻜﻢ وأﻧﺘﻢ ﻻ ﺸﻌﺮون ]ا ﺮات‬ ٍ ‫ﻛﺠ ِﺮ ﻌ ِﻀﻜﻢ ِﻟﺒﻌ‬
“O you who believe, do not raise your voices above the voice of the
Prophet, and be not loud when speaking to him, as you are loud when
speaking to one another, lest your good deeds should become void
while you are not aware.” [49:2]
ً َ ً ْ ُ ُ ّ َ َُ ُ ُ ّ ََُ ُ َُّ َُ ُ ََ ‫ﱠ‬
[48:9 ‫ﻮﻩ ُﺑﻜ َﺮة َوأ ِﺻﻴﻼ ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬‫ ِﻟ ُﺘ ْﺆ ِﻣ ُﻨﻮا ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ ورﺳ ِﻮﻟ ِﮫ و ﻌ ِﺰروﻩ وﺗﻮ ِﻗﺮوﻩ و ﺴ ِﺒﺤ‬3

“so that you (O people,) believe in Allah and His Messenger, and
support him and revere him, and pronounce His (Allah‘s) purity
morning and evening.” [48:9]

These verses emphasize that even minor disrespect must be avoided

and all respect should be paid to him. Leave the disrespect of a
prophet, even disrespect to a Sahabi is unlawful and is major sin.

Abusing the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Openly and Repeating it even after

Persuasions

If a one abuses the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬openly and does not stop even after
negotiations then he will turn apostate and disbelievers; since
believing in the Prophet is part of faith (iman) and by abusing the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬he lost a part of the faith and thus became apostate and
shall be sentenced to death.

Why I used the word ‘open abuse’?

240 | Samarat al-Aqaid

I used the word ‘open abuse’ as I saw some books where the followers
of a maslak quoted from the texts of another maslak and twisted it to
be blasphemous, they propagated it so vehemently that it became
popular and thus the followers of the maslak were labeled as kafir and
even those who doubt in their kufr were also declared kafir.

I enquired the targeted maslak and studied their books, so I came to

a conclusion that they never disrespect the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Similarly, the
author of the texts did not commit any blasphemy, rather simply he
does not believe in the claims of the other maslak as they are not
supported by the Qur’an and Hadith, so his opponents painted him in
wrong colours and labeled him as kafir, rather they declared the kufr
of those who doubt in him being kafir.

Now, you can yourself see, how different the two things are: abusing
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and second going against a maslak of some people
due to it being contrary to the Qur’an and Hadith. However, these
fatwas of kufr divided a larger group of the Ummah into two parts.

Therefore, I am conditioned it with ‘open abuse and repeated

attempts even after persuasions’ then only such a person will be
called murtad (apostate). One cannot be called kafir or blasphemous
just by twisting his words.

In a second example, it was reported in the newspapers and

television that a college student uttered some words without an
intention to blaspheme or abuse the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, but his fellows
twisted his words and interpreted them as blasphemy. The student
denied the claim and explained his intention not to disrespect the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, but his friends were not convinced and finally beat him
to death. The news was taken by the media and this incident painted
Muslims in bad colour. The news was in circulation in Europe for
months.

Therefore, until and unless it is not proved clearly known that a

particular person has blasphemed or abused the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
16 – Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬ | 241

intentionally, he should not be called kafir. As hasty judgment causes

disturbance and divides Muslims into groups.

In a third example, the follower a maslak pays all due respect to the
Ahl al-Bait (family of the Prophet - ‫)ﷺ‬, regards their love a part of
belief and does not allow even slightest disrespect to them. But the
followers of other maslak think about the other that he does not has
respect as much they have or he does not believe about the Ahl al-
Bait in a way which they believe; therefore they call him kafir,
opponent of Ahl al-Bait and do not offer salah behind him.

So by much accusations will one may not be called murtad (apostate)

and liable to punishment. Rather, it is necessary to establish that he
abuses the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬or blasphemes him intentionally and
purposefully, then he will be called apostate.

I conditioned it with ‘repetition even after persuasion’ because

sometimes a person causes disrespect unintentionally; therefore he
must be convinced and persuaded first, if he agrees then alright,
otherwise he will be declared kafir.

An Open Abuser will be Killed

There are some hadiths in this regard:

َ
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َوﺗ َﻘ ُﻊ ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ‬ ‫ َ َﺎﻧ ْﺖ َﻟ ُﮫ ُأ ﱡم َو َﻟﺪ َ ْﺸ ُﺘ ُﻢ ﱠ‬، َ ‫ َأ ﱠن َأ ْﻋ‬،‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﻨﺎ ْاﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬1
ٍ ٍ
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ ﻗ‬- ‫َﻓ َﻴ ْ َ ﺎ َ ﺎ َﻓ َﻼ َﺗ ْ َﺘ َو َ ْﺰ ُﺟ ُﺮ ﺎ ﻓﻼ ﺗ ﺟ ُﺮ‬
َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ
‫ ﻓﻠ ﱠﻤﺎ ﺎﻧﺖ ذات ﻟ ْﻴﻠ ٍﺔ َﺟ َﻌﻠﺖ ﺗﻘ ُﻊ ِ اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬- ‫ﺎل‬ ِ ِ
ُ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ََ ُ ُ ْ ََ
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " أﻻ اﺷ ﺪوا‬.‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ و ﺸ ِﺘﻤﮫ ﻓﺄﺧﺬ اﻟ ِﻤﻐﻮل ﻓﻮﺿﻌﮫ ِ ﺑﻄ ِ ﺎ‬
َ
(4361 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،613 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ا ﮑﻢ ﻓﯿﻤﻦ ﺳﺐ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺪود‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫أ ﱠن َد َﻣ َ ﺎ َ َﺪ ٌر‬

Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Abbas (raz) narrated: “A blind man had a slave-
mother who used to abuse the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and disparage him. He
forbade her but she did not stop. He rebuked her but she did not give
up her habit. One night she began to slander the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and
abuse him. So he took a dagger, placed it on her belly …… Thereupon
242 | Samarat al-Aqaid

the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: Oh be witness, no retaliation is payable for her

blood.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Hudud, p. 613, No. 4361)

The hadith mentions that he was stopped to do so, but he did not
stop, he was rebuked but did not stop. This implied that if someone
repeats abuse after persuasion, then he will be declared kafir and
murtad, but an ambiguous word may not turn him apostate.

َ َ َ ‫ َ َﺎﻧ ْﺖ َ ْﺸﺘ ُﻢ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﮫ َأ ﱠن َ ُ ﻮد ﱠﻳ ًﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َوﺗ َﻘ ُﻊ ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ ﻓﺨ َﻨ َﻘ َ ﺎ‬
‫َ ْ َ ّ َ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫ ر‬، ٍ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ‬2
‫ﱠ‬ َ
َ َ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺪود‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َﺣ ﱠ َﻣﺎﺗ ْﺖ ﻓﺄ ْﺑﻄ َﻞ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َد َﻣ َ ﺎ‬
(4362 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،613 ‫ ص‬،‫ا ﮑﻢ ﻓﯿﻤﻦ ﺳﺐ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬

Hadhrat Ali ibn AbuTalib (raz) narrated: “A Jewess used to abuse the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and disparage him. A man strangled her till she died. The
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬declared that no recompense was payable for
her blood.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Hudud, p. 613, No. 4362)

According to both the hadiths, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬allowed no blood

money to for the death of the abusers who were killed.

Abusing the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Openly will Cause one to be Kafir

By abusing the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, one will become kafir, but there are two
opinions about whether his repentance will be accepted or not?

(1) According to one opinion, if he repents, it will not be accepted

and he will surely be killed. This is the opinion of majority of
the Ulama.
(2) According to the other opinion, he will be give three day time
to repent, if he repents it will be accepted and he will be
spared. His case is like general type of apostate who is give
three day time to repent.
16 – Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬ | 243

Those who say that the repentance will not be accepted, as the text
from al-Durr al-Mukhtar says:

‫ اﻻ اﻟ ﺎﻓﺮ ﺴﺐ ﻧ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء ﻓﺎﻧ ﯾﻘﺘﻞ ﺣﺪا و ﻻ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺗﻮ ﺘ‬،‫و ﻞ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ارﺗﺪ ﻓﺘﻮ ﺘ ﻣﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ‬
:‫ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻣ ﻢ‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺎد‬،‫ )اﻟﺪر ا ﺘﺎر‬.‫ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ ۔۔۔وﻣﻦ ﺷﮏ ﻋﺬاﺑ و ﮐﻔﺮە ﮐﻔﺮ‬
( 356 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ﺣﮑﻢ ﺳﺎب اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬

“A Muslim who becomes apostate his repentance will be accepted,

except one who abuses the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬or any prophet, he will be
sentenced to death and his repentance will not be accepted. It is
disbelief to have any doubt in his kufr and punishment.” (Al-Durr al-
Mukhtar, Kitab al-Jihad, Bab al-Murtad, vol 6, p 356)

So, a group of Ulama have said that the repentance of such a person
will not be accepted.

Note: in next pages we shall discuss that sentencing will be made by

an Islamic government after normal judicial process. Public is not
entitled to punish the guilty as this will cause disturbance and this will
allow the media to laugh on Muslims.

The second opinion is that an abuser of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is absolutely

kafir, but if he repents his repentance will be accepted and his life will
be spared, rather he should be given some punishment and warned
not to repeat it in future, as the text from al-Durr al-Mukhtar says:

‫وﻣﻦ ﺳﺐ اﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷺ ﻓﺈﻧ ﻣﺮﺗﺪ و ﺣﮑﻤ ﺣﮑﻢ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ و ﯾﻔﻌﻞ ﺑ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ و ﻮ ﻇﺎ ﺮ‬
‫ ﺣﮑﻢ‬:‫ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻣ ﻢ‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺎد‬،‫ )اﻟﺪر ا ﺘﺎر‬.‫ﻗﺒﻮل ﺗﻮ ﺘ ﮐﻤﺎ ﻣﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﻔﺎء‬
( 360 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ﺳﺎب اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬

One who abuses the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is a murtad (apostate), his case is
like other apostates and will dealt with as other apostates are dealt.
It means that his repentance will be accepted, as it was quoted earlier
244 | Samarat al-Aqaid

from the book al-Shifa.” (al-Durr al-Mukhtar, Kitab al-Jihad, Bab al-
Murtad, vol 6, p 360)

Al-Durr al-Mukhtar further reads:

،‫ )اﻟﺪر ا ﺘﺎر‬.‫ و ﻣﻔﺎدە ﻗﺒﻮل اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ ﮐﻤﺎ ﻻ ﯾﺨﻔﯽ‬،‫و ﻟﮑﻦ ﺻﺮح آﺧﺮ اﻟﺸﻔﺎء ﺑﺄن ﺣﮑﻤ ﺎﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ‬
( 357-359 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺣﮑﻢ ﺳﺎب اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬:‫ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻣ ﻢ‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻬﺎد‬

“The book al-Shifa says clearly that the case of an abuser is like that
of an apostate and it implies that his repentance will be accepted as
it is evident.” (al-Durr al-Mukhtar, Kitab al-Jihad, Bab al-Murtad, vol
6, pp 357-359)

Al-Durr al-Mukhtar further reads:

‫ و اﻟﻮﺟ اﻷول‬،‫ ﻓﺤﮑﻤﻮا ﻟ ﺑﺤﮑﻢ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬،‫ و إن أ ﯽ ﻗﺘﻞ‬،‫ﻗﺎﻟﻮا و ﺴ ﺘﺎب ﻣﻨ ﺎ ﻓﺈن ﺗﺎب ﻧ ﻞ‬
‫ ج‬،‫ ﺣﮑﻢ ﺳﺎب اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء‬:‫ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻣ ﻢ‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺎد‬،‫ )اﻟﺪر ا ﺘﺎر‬.‫أﺷ ﺮ و أﻇ ﺮﻩ‬
( 358 ‫ ص‬،6

“The Ulama said that the abuser will be asked to repent. If he repents,
he will not be sentenced to death, but will be given stern punishment.
However, if he denies to repent, then he will be sentenced to death.
So, according to these Ulama, his case is like that of an apostate. But
the first opinion is well-known and evident.” (Al-Durr al-Mukhtar,
Kitab al-Jihad, Bab al-Murtad, vol 6, p 358)

These three quotes say that if an abuser of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬repents,

it will be accepted.
16 – Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬ | 245

According to the Second Opinion, the Abuser will be Given

Three Day Time to Repent

According to the ulama who say that the repentance of an abuser of

the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬will be accepted, he will be give three day time to
repent just like other types of apostate. Hadhrat Umar (may Allah be
pleased with him) would assert to give three day time, as the hadith
says:

01

‫۔ﻟﻤﺎ ﻗﺪم ﻋ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺴ ۔ و ﺴ ﻣﻦ أرض اﻟﺒﺼﺮة ۔ ﺳﺄﻟ ﻢ ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻐﺮ ﺔ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ‬1
‫ ﻗﺎل أﻓﻼ أدﺧﻠﺘﻤﻮە‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬، ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻢ ﺑ ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻗﺘﻠﻨﺎە‬،‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ ن ﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﮐ ن ﻓﺎﺧﺬﻧﺎە‬
‫ﺑ ﺘﺎ وأﻏﻠﻘﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﯿ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ و أﻃﻌﻤﺘﻤﻮە ﻞ ﯾﻮم رﻏﯿﻔﺎ ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﻤﻮە ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ۔ﻓﺈن ﺗﺎب و ﻻ ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻤﻮە ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ ﻣﺎﻗﺎﻟﻮا اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ ﮐﻢ‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬. ‫اﻟﻠ ﻢ ﻟﻢ أﺷ ﺪ وﻟﻢ آﻣﺮ وﻟﻢ أرض إذا ﺑﻠﻐ‬
‫ ص‬،8 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎل ﯾﺤ ﺲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﯾﺎم‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن ﻟﻠﺒﯿﻬﻘﻲ‬32744 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،444 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ج‬،‫ﺴ ﺘﺎب‬
(16887 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،359

1. It is narrated when the news of the victory of Testar came to

Hadhrat Umar (raz), Tastar is the area of Basra, he asked, "Is there any
man from the west?" People said that a Muslim man had become a
polytheist, so we caught him. Umar asked, "What did you do with
him?" The people said, "We killed him." He said, "Why did not you
lock him in the house, and feed him bread every day, then ask him to
repent for three days. Had he done so, he would have been released,
otherwise he would have been killed. Then 'Umar said, "Allah be
witness. I did not order to kill him, and when I came to know the
killing, I did not agree with them." (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, v. 6, p.
444, No. 32744; Sunan Al-Bayhaqi, v. 8, p. 359, No. 16887)

،6 ‫ج‬،‫ ﻣﺎﻗﺎﻟﻮا اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ ﮐﻢ ﺴ ﺘﺎب‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬.‫۔ﻋﻦ ﻋ ﻗﺎل ﺴ ﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬2
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،359 ‫ ص‬،8 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎل ﯾﺤ ﺲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﯾﺎم‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن ﻟﻠﺒﯿﻬﻘﻲ‬32747 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،444 ‫ص‬
(16887
246 | Samarat al-Aqaid

2. It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ali (raz), he said: “the

apostate will be asked to repent three times.” (Musannaf Ibn Abi
Shaybah, v. 6, p. 444, No. 32747; Sunan Al-Bayhaqi, v. 8, p. 359, No.
16887)

Translation Hazrat Ali used to demand apostasy from the apostate for
three days

This abovementioned statement of Sahabi says that upon killing of

the apostate, Hadhrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said that
he neither witnessed the incidence, nor ordered and nor he is pleased
with it. It implies that giving three day time is necessary. If he persists
on his words, then he will be sentenced to death.

(2) Using Words that Might Cause Disrespect of the Prophet

(‫)ﷺ‬

The second type is that a person does not openly abuses; rather he
uses words which may lead to disrespect indirectly. So, being unclear
words, which somehow might mean disrespect and somehow might
not mean, or he does not intend to abuse, but he spoke the words
unintentionally. Now, he will be asked to explain. If it is clear that he
intended disrespect, then he will turn kafir due to blasphemy. But, if
he denies disrespect, or says that he did not know that this will lead
to disrespect, then he will be pardoned, but he will be warned not to
use such words that may indirectly lead to disrespect.

These details were presented, because sometimes we see a suspect

of blasphemy denies the claims of abuse and clarifies that neither he
committed the abuse not intended it, then also people chase him and
put him to death or beat him badly. Such incidents sometimes get
public and attract bad reactions from the viewers.

It is pity that some people trade in accusations and try to see each
word with the optics of blasphemy and label their opponent as kafir.
16 – Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬ | 247

(3) Using Words that are Twisted by Opponents to be Abusive

The third type is that a person, who is Muslim, uses some unclear
words, which his opponents (of other maslak) take as blasphemy or
disrespect of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

So, in this case when the person is Muslim it is most probable that he
did not intend disrespect; since he was taught by Islam not disrespect
the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, the other prophets, the family of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬or
a wali. Such words either were used ignorantly, unintentionally or the
words not abusive at all and he was just misunderstood; therefore an
explanation should be sought from such a person. If he explains
clearly he will be considered innocent or warned if his words were
somehow leading to disrespect.

Such an attitude to inter-sectarian issues will eradicate many

disturbances from our society and will reduce the tensions between
Muslim groups.

(4) Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in Non-Muslim States

The fourth type is that some non-Muslim commits blasphemy in a

non-Muslim state, so what should be done?

We shall describe in a bit detail that an apostate shall be sentenced

with three conditions:

(1) An Islamic state is entitled to give sentence and in the

absence of a Muslim authority, no sentence can be given.
(2) A competent Islamic Qadhi (judge) gives the ruling of the
sentence.
(3) The sentence will be carried out under the supervision of the
Qadhi.
248 | Samarat al-Aqaid

For carrying out the sentence, the culprit will not be handed over to
the public. In places where Islamic government is not in force the
sentence may not be carried out. Yes, if someone commits blasphemy
in such a place, the government of the state should be demanded in
the most appropriate way to punish the guilty.

If a non-Muslim resident of a non-Muslim state blasphemes the

Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, it must not be taken lightly. It should be condemned and
protested under the purview of the law of the country. Moreover, the
government should be asked to take necessary action against the
guilty so that none can dare to commit the act again.

It is not right to demand the hold of the man to give him punishment;
since this will create chaos and disturbance, and such chaos may
cause harm to the Muslim community living in the state. Moreover,
overreacting to the incident, the media may project the Muslim as
violent and tarnish their image. Therefore, the best way is to resort to
protest against the guilty within the law of the state and demand
punishment.

Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is Grave Issue of the Age

Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is grave issue of this time, this is causing
disturbance and commotion.

While studying books, we see that the follower of a maslak believes

in the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and pays all due respect to him, but he believes
that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was given only some Ilm al-Ghaib according to
the description of the Qur’an, he does not believe in absolute Ilm al-
Ghaib for the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, similarly he does not believe that the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has full authority to harm and benefit as this is an
attribute exclusive to Allah and the Qur’an confirms the same, now
his opponents insist that he disrespected the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and regard
him apostate and those who follow these views are also labeled with
the same. Such an approach has divided the community into groups.
16 – Blasphemy of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬ | 249

This is sheer injustice to regard those who understand the verses of

the Qur’an in their correct perspective as abusive and apostate.

This is very unjust to call a group of Muslims kafir merely because they
do not follow your opinion and it is more heinous to declare those
who doubt in their kufr also as kafir.

In order to prove someone as blasphemous and subsequently

apostate it is necessary to establish that he has openly abused the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and denies repenting even after persuasion, then he can
be declared kafir and apostate. One cannot be declared kafir just
because your opponent and has opinion against you. Some people
went against this moderate path and created fire of hatred among the
Muslims. This is the reason that their capabilities are spent in mutual
disputes and spoiled due to infighting. Nowadays, the Muslims are
fighting with their own brethren in Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Libya, Yemen
and Afghanistan and destroying their own countries.

Therefore, one should think hundred times before declaring any

Muslim as kafir.

We have presented 3 verses and 2 hadiths regarding this belief.

 | 250

17 – Respect for the Sahaba

We shall present 10 verses and 7 hadiths regarding this belief, the

details are as follows:

Sahabi is one who visited the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬with iman and died on iman.
Respecting all the Sahaba is necessary, whosoever they may be, as
they have seen the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬with their eyes, accompanied him,
extended their help to him and sacrificed to convey the message of
Islam to us.

Respecting and Loving Each Sahabi is Necessary

All Sahaba must be respected as they all are companions of the

Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬who helped him all conditions. None of them must be
remembered with bad words. And the disputes among them should
be considered an ijtihadi issue and thus their faults should not be
mentioned repeatedly.

There are several Sahabi who were relatives of the Prophet (‫;)ﷺ‬
Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) and Hadhrat Umar (raz) are the fathers in law
of him, as Hadhrat Uthman (raz) and Hadhrat Ali (raz) are his sons in
law. As dishonouring Hadhrat Ali (raz) is not lawful, in the same way
dishonouring Hadhrat Uman Ghani (raz) is not lawful.

Hadhrat Umar (raz) has one more virtue that he is also son in law of
Hadhrat Ali (raz) and Hadhrat Fatimah (raz) as he married their
daughter Hadhrat Umm Kulthum (raz). Therefore, it is more heinous
to have any ill will towards him as he is son in law of Hadhrat Fatimah
(may Allah be pleased with her).
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 251

Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) and Hadhrat Saudah (raz) are the wives of the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and mothers of the believers. Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) was
dear to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬that the he took his last breath in her lap;
therefore as Hadhrat Khadijah (‫ )ﷺ‬is the wife of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and
mother of believers and no disrespect is lawful to her, in the same
way Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) and Hadhrat Saudah (raz) no disrespect is
lawful to them as they are also wives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and mothers
of the believers.

If someone abuses your wife it will hurt you, in the same if you abuse
any wife of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬it will hurt the Prophet (‫ ;)ﷺ‬therefore it is
unlawful to say any ill word to them.

Muslims Should Have Ultra Love towards Sahaba

Here are two extracts from Al-Aqidat al-Tahawiya:

َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ‫َو ُﻧﺤ ﱡﺐ َأ‬
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ َوﻻ ﻧ َﻔ ّ ِﺮط ِ ُﺣ ِ ّﺐ أ َﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻬ ْﻢ َوﻻ ﻧ َﺘ َ ﱠ أ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ َﺣ ٍﺪ‬ ‫ﺎب َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ِ
ٌ‫ﺎن َو ْﺣ َﺴﺎن‬ ٌ ‫ﻳﻦ َو َﻳﻤ‬ ٌ ‫ﻀ ُﻬ ْﻢ َو َﻐ ْ ا ْ َ ْ َﻳ ْﺬ ُﻛ ُﺮ ُ ْﻢ َ َوﻻ َﻧ ْﺬ ُﻛ ُﺮ ُ ْﻢ إ ﱠﻻ ﺑ َﺨ ْ َو ُﺣ ﱡﺒ ُﻬ ْﻢ د‬ُ ‫ﺾ َﻣ ْﻦ ُﻳ ْﺒﻐ‬ ُ
ُ ‫ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻬ ْﻢ وﻧ ْﺒ ِﻐ‬
َ
ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ُ ِ
(20 ‫ ص‬،93 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫ﺎن‬ ٌ ‫ﺎق َوﻃ ْﻐ َﻴ‬ٌ ‫ﻀ ُﻬ ْﻢ ُﻛ ْﻔ ٌﺮ َوﻧ َﻔ‬ ُ ‫َو ُ ْﻐ‬
ِ

“We love the companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and

blessings be upon him. We do not exaggerate in our love for any of
them, nor do we disown any of them. We hate those who hate them
or who mention them without good, for we do not mention them
except with good. Love for them is a part of religion, faith, and
spiritual excellence, and hatred for them is unbelief, hypocrisy, and
transgression.” (Al-Aqidat al-Tahawiya, Belief No. 93, p. 20)

‫ﺲ‬
ََ ّ ُ ْ
‫د‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ات‬‫ﺮ‬َ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻄ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫اﺟ‬ ‫و‬َ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ َو َأ ْز‬
‫ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ُ ‫َو َﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﺣ َﺴ َﻦ ْاﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ َل َأ ْ َ ﺎب َر‬
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ّ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ّ ُ ْ َ ‫َ ُ ّﱠ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ص‬،96 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫ﺲ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑ ِﺮئ ِﻣﻦ اﻟ ِﻨﻔ ِﺎق‬ ٍ ‫وذ ِر ﺎ ِﺗ ِﮫ اﻟﻤﻘﺪ ِﺳ ن ِﻣﻦ ِﻞ ِرﺟ‬
(21
252 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Whoever speaks well of the companions of the Messenger of Allah,

peace and blessings be upon him, and his wives, pure of any
defilement, and his sanctified progeny, he is innocent of any
hypocrisy.” (Al-Aqidat al-Tahawiya, Belief No. 96, p. 21)

According to this belief, we should always pay respect to Sahaba and

should love them all.

What the Qur’an Says About Sahaba?

َ ِ ‫ﻳﻦ ﱠاﺗ َﺒ ُﻌﻮ ُ ْﻢ ﺑﺈ ْﺣ َﺴﺎن َر‬َ ‫ﺼﺎر َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬ َْ َ َ

َ ‫اﻷ ْﻧ‬ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ‫َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َﱠ‬
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ واﻟﺴ ِﺎﺑﻘﻮن اﻷوﻟﻮن ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻤ ِﺎﺟ ِﺮ ﻦ و‬1
َ‫ﻳﻦ ﻓ َ ﺎ َأ َﺑ ًﺪا َذﻟﻚ‬ َ ْ ََ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ ُ َ ُْ ْ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْ َ ُﺎر َﺧﺎﻟﺪ‬
ِ ِ ِِ ‫ﺎت ﺗﺠ ِﺮي ﺗﺤ ﺎ‬ ٍ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻢ ورﺿﻮا ﻋﻨﮫ وأﻋﺪ ﻟ ﻢ ﺟﻨ‬
ُ ‫ْاﻟ َﻔ ْﻮ ُز ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ‬
[9:100 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬

“As for the first and foremost of the Emigrants (Muhajirin) and the
Supporters (AnSar) and those who followed them in goodness, Allah
is pleased with them and they are pleased with Allah, and He has
prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they will
live for ever. That is the supreme achievement.” [9:100]

ُُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ
‫ ﻟﻘ ْﺪ َر ِ َ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن ِإذ ُﻳ َﺒﺎ ِ ُﻌﻮﻧ َﻚ ﺗ ْﺤ َﺖ اﻟ َ َﺮ ِة ﻓ َﻌ ِﻠ َﻢ َﻣﺎ ِ ﻗﻠﻮ ِ ِ ْﻢ‬2
ً َ ً ْ َ ْ َُ َََ ْ ََْ َ َ ‫ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬
[48:18 ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺰل اﻟﺴ ِﻜﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ وأﺛﺎ ﻢ ﻓﺘﺤﺎ ﻗ ِﺮ ﺒﺎ ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬

“Allah was pleased with the believers when they were pledging
allegiance with you (by placing their hands in your hands) under the
tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, so He sent down
tranquility upon them, and rewarded them with a victory, near at
hand.” [48:18]
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 253

َ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﻳﻦ َآ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬

َ ‫ إ ﱠن ﱠاﻟﺬ‬3
‫ﺎﺟ ُﺮوا َو َﺟﺎ َ ُﺪوا ِ َﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ َﻳ ْﺮ ُﺟﻮن َر ْﺣ َﻤﺔ‬
َ َ ‫ﻳﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ َ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻏ ُﻔﻮ ٌر َر ِﺣ‬
[2:218 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ و‬

“As for those who believed and those who migrated and carried out
Jihad in the way of Allah, they hope for Allah‘s mercy: and Allah is
Forgiving, Very-Merciful.” [2:218]
ْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ُ ُُ َ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﺣ ﱠﺒ َﺐ إ َﻟ ْﻴ ُﻜ ُﻢ ْاﻹ َﻳﻤ‬
‫ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن َو َزﱠ َﻨ ُﮫ ِ ﻗﻠﻮ ِ ﻜ ْﻢ َوﻛ ﱠﺮ َﻩ ِإﻟ ْﻴﻜ ُﻢ اﻟﻜ ْﻔ َﺮ َواﻟ ُﻔ ُﺴﻮ َق‬ ِ ِ ‫ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ‬4
ٌ‫ﻴﻢ َﺣ ِﻜﻴﻢ‬ ‫َ ًْ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ ً َ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ِﻠ‬ ‫ن‬ َ ُ ‫َ ْ َْ َ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫( ﻓﻀﻼ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ و ِ ﻌﻤﺔ و‬7) ‫واﻟ ِﻌﺼﻴﺎن أوﻟ ِﺌﻚ ﻢ اﻟﺮ ِاﺷﺪو‬
[49:8-9 ‫]ا ﺮات‬

“But Allah has endeared to you the Faith, and made it beautiful in
your hearts, and made detestable to you the disbelief and sins and
disobedience. Such people are rightly guided, as a grace from Allah,
and as a blessing. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” [49:8-9]

This verse says that their hearts are filled with iman; therefore it is
most heinous to blame any of them with kufr or sin.

ُ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ َﻄ‬
َ‫ﺎن ﺑ َﺒ ْﻌﺾ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻦ َﺗ َﻮ ﱠﻟ ْﻮا ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ْاﻟ َﺘ َﻘﻰ ا ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ ﱠﻟ ُ ُﻢ ﱠ‬
‫اﺳ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﺎن‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫ إ ﱠن ﱠاﻟﺬ‬5
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫َ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ُْ ْ ﱠ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻏ ُﻔﻮ ٌر َﺣ ِﻠ‬
[3:155 ‫ﻴﻢ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺒﻮا وﻟﻘﺪ ﻋﻔﺎ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻢ ِإن‬

“Surely, those of you who turned back on the day when the two
troops faced each other, Satan had but made them slip for some of
their deeds. Of course, Allah has forgiven them. Certainly, Allah is
Most-Forgiving, Very-Forbearing. ” [3:155]

This verse says that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬forgave their mistake committed during
the war; therefore it is unlawful to highlight their mistakes and abuse
them.
254 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ﱠ‬ َ ُْ ََ ُ ‫ُ َ ﱠ ٌ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻜ ﱠﻔ ِﺎر ُر َﺣ َﻤ ُﺎء َﺑ ْﻴ َ ُ ْﻢ ﺗ َﺮا ُ ْﻢ ُرﻛ ًﻌﺎ‬ ‫ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﮫ أ ِﺷﺪاء ﻋ‬6
ُ ََ ْ ْ ْ ُ ‫ﺿ َﻮ ًاﻧﺎ ﺳ َﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ُ ﱠ ً ََْ ُ َ َ ًْ َ ﱠ‬
ْ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َور‬
‫ﻮد ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ِ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ُو ُﺟﻮ ِ ِ ﻢ ِﻣﻦ أﺛ ِﺮ اﻟ‬ ِ ‫ﻢ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺪا ﻳ ﺘﻐﻮن ﻓﻀﻼ ِﻣﻦ‬
[48:29

“Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and those who are with him
are hard on the disbelievers, compassionate among themselves; you
will see them bowing down in Ruku’, prostrating themselves in
Sajdah, seeking grace from Allah, and (His) good pleasure; their
distinguishing feature is on their faces from the effect of Sajdah
(prostration). This is their description in Torah; and their description
in Injil is: like a sown crop that brings forth its shoot, then makes it
strong, then it grows thick and stands straight on its stem, looking
good to the farmers, so that He may enrage the disbelievers through
them. Allah has promised forgiveness and a huge reward to those of
them who believe and do good deeds. ” [48:29]

This verse admires all Sahaba; therefore none of them should be

abused.

َ‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ ْاﻟ ُﻌ ْﺴﺮ ِة‬

َ ‫ﻮﻩ َﺳ‬ َ ‫ﺼﺎر ﱠاﻟﺬ‬
ُ ‫ﻳﻦ ﱠاﺗ َﺒ ُﻌ‬ َْ َ َ
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻧ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ َو ْاﻟ ُﻤ‬ ‫ََ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺎﺟ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﺎب‬7
ٌ ُ َ ْ ُ ‫ُْ ْ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ َْ ْ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫وف َر ِﺣ‬ َ ُ ُُ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ
‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬ ‫ﻮب ﻓ ِﺮ ٍﻖ ِﻣ ﻢ ﺛﻢ ﺗﺎب ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ ِإﻧﮫ ِ ِ ﻢ رء‬ ‫ِﻣﻦ ﻌ ِﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺎد ﻳ ِﺰ ﻎ ﻗﻠ‬
[9:117

“Surely, Allah has relented towards the Prophet and the Emigrants
(Muhajirin) and the Supporters (the Ansar) who followed him in the
hour of hardship after the hearts of a group of them were about to
turn crooked, then He relented towards them. Surely, to them He is
Very-Kind, Very-Merciful.” [9:117]

َ‫ َﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺘﻮي ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﻧ َﻔ َﻖ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﺒﻞ ْاﻟ َﻔ ْﺘﺢ َو َﻗ َﺎﺗ َﻞ ُأ َوﻟﺌ َﻚ َأ ْﻋ َﻈ ُﻢ َد َر َﺟ ًﺔ ﻣ َﻦ ﱠاﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬8

ِ ِ ِ ِ ْ ِ ‫ِ ﱠ‬ ِ ِ
َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ َ َ َ
‫أ ْﻧ َﻔ ُﻘﻮا ِﻣ ْﻦ َ ْﻌ ُﺪ َوﻗﺎﺗﻠﻮا َوﻛﻼ َو َﻋ َﺪ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ا ُ ْﺴ َ َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن ﺧ ِﺒ ٌ ]ا ﺪﻳﺪ‬
[57:10
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 255

“Those who spent before the Conquest (of Makkah) and fought are
not at par (with others). Those are much greater in rank than those
who spent later and fought, though Allah has promised the good
(reward) for each. Allah is well aware of what you do.” [57:10]

This verse says that those who spent before the Conquest of Makkah
greater in rank than those who spent later. Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz),
Hadhrat Umar (raz) and Hadhrat Uthman (raz) were those who spent
before the Conquest of Makkah; thus their rank is greater and
therefore they must not be abused.

These verses mention the great merits and virtues of the Sahaba;
these verses apply to all Sahaba; therefore none of them should be
abused or called with bad words; this may endanger the iman. Such
an attitude to Sahaba will eradicate the greatness of Sahaba from
hearts and thus one will become lazy to act upon the teachings of
Islam, which were transmitted through them to us; therefore, it is
imperative to imbibe the greatness of Sahaba in hearts.

These Hadiths Prohibit to Abuse the Sahaba

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has sternly warned against abusing the Sahaba;

therefore one must not abuse any Sahabi and must not call him with
bad words, as the hadiths say:
َ َ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻻ ُﺴ ﱡﺒﻮا‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ ‫ﻴﺪ ا ْ ُ ْﺪر ّي ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻗ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺳ‬َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ‬1
ِ َِ ٍ ِ
ُ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ‫َِ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬ َ
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ ﻓﻠﻮ أن أﺣﺪﻛﻢ أﻧﻔﻖ ِﻣﺜﻞ أﺣ ٍﺪ ذ ﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﺪ أﺣ ِﺪ ِ ﻢ وﻻ ﻧ ِﺼﻴﻔﮫ‬،‫أ ْ َ ﺎ ِ ﻲ‬
َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ً ُ َ ْ َ
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ ﺳﺐ اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬3673 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،617 ‫ ص‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬
(6487/2540 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1113

Hadhrat Abu Sa`id al-Khudri (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"Do not abuse my companions for if any one of you spent gold equal
to Uhud (in Allah's Cause) it would not be equal to a Mud or even a
half Mud spent by one of them." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of the Virtues
256 | Samarat al-Aqaid

of the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬, p. 617, No. 3673; Sahih Muslim, p. 1113, No.
2540/6487)

،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ ﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬. ‫ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺐ أ ﺎ ﻲ ﻓﻌﻠﯿ ﻟﻌﻨﺔ اﻟﻠ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻄﺎ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬2
(32419 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،405 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﮑﻒ ﻋﻦ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Ata, he said that the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Whoever insults my Companions, may curse of Allah
be upon him.” (Musannaf bin Abi Shaybah, v. 6, , p. 405, No. 32419)

This hadith (mursal) says that one who will abuse the Sahaba will be
cursed by Allah.
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑﻦ ُﻣ َﻐ ﱠﻔﻞ‬
‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " اﻟﻠ َﮫ اﻟﻠ َﮫ ِ أ ْ َ ﺎ ِ ﻲ اﻟﻠ َﮫ‬ ٍ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬3
َ َ
ْ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ُ‫َ َ ْ َ ﱠُ ْ َ ُ ّ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ‫ﺿﺎ‬ً ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َأ ْ َ ﺎ ﻲ َﻻ َﺗ ﱠﺘﺨ ُﺬو ُ ْﻢ َﻏ َﺮ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻐ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﻐ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫أ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺒ‬
ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ﺪ‬
ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ِ
ُ َ ُ َْ ْ َ ُ َُ َ ‫َْ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َِ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫" )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ‬. ‫ﻮﺷﻚ أن ﻳﺄﺧﺬﻩ‬ ِ ‫أ ﻐﻀ ﻢ وﻣﻦ آذا ﻢ ﻓﻘﺪ آذا ِ ﻲ وﻣﻦ آذا ِ ﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ آذى اﻟﻠﮫ وﻣﻦ آذى اﻟﻠﮫ ﻓﻴ‬
(20026 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،42 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻐﻔﻞ اﻟﻤﺰ ﻲ‬،‫اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ‬

Hadhrat 'Abdullah bin Mughaffal (raz) narrated that the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "(Fear) Allah! (Fear) Allah regarding my Companions!
Do not make them objects of insults after me. Whoever loves them,
it is out of love of me that he loves them. And whoever hates them, it
is out of hatred for me that he hates them. And whoever harms them,
he has harmed me, and whoever harms me, he has offended Allah,
and whoever offends Allah, [then] he shall soon be punished."
(Musnad Imam Ahmad, Bab Hadith Abdullah bin Mughaffaal al-Mazni,
vol. 6, p. 42, No. 20026)

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬asked his followers very heartily not to abuse the
Sahaba.
ََ ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑﻦ َﻋ ْﻤﺮو‬
‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻟ َﻴﺄ ِﺗ َ ﱠن َﻋ أ ﱠﻣ ِ َﻣﺎ أ ﻰ‬ ٍ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬4
َ ً‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﻋ َ َﺑ إ ْﺳ َﺮ ِاﺋ‬
‫ﻴﻞ َﺣ ْﺬ َو ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﻞ َﺗ َﻔ ﱠﺮﻗ ْﺖ َﻋ ِﺛ ْ َﺘ ْ ِن َو َﺳ ْﺒ ِﻌ َن ِﻣﻠﺔ َو َﺗ ْﻔ ِ ُق‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ْﻌﻞ ﺑ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎﻟﻨ ْﻌ ِﻞ …… و ِ ن ﺑ ِ ِإﺳﺮ ِاﺋ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 257

َ ََ َ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ ﱠ ً َ َ ً َ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ ً ُﱡ‬ َ َ َ ُ
‫ﺎل َﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬‫أ ﱠﻣ ِ َﻋ ﺛﻼ ٍث َو َﺳ ْﺒ ِﻌ َن ِﻣﻠﺔ ﻠ ُ ْﻢ ِ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر ِإﻻ ِﻣﻠﺔ و ِاﺣﺪة ﻗﺎﻟﻮا وﻣﻦ ِ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻗ‬
َ
‫؛ أﺑﻮ‬2641 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،600 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻓ اق ﺬە اﻻﻣﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬."‫َوأ ْ َ ﺎ ِ ﻲ‬
(4597 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،650 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺷﺮح اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫داؤد‬

Hadhrat 'Abdullah bin 'Amr raz) narrated that the Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﷺ‬said: "What befell the children of Isra'il will befall my Ummah, step
by step …. Indeed the children of Isra'il split into seventy-two sects,
and my Ummah will split into seventy-three sects. All of them are in
the Fire Except one sect." He said: "And which is it O Messenger of
Allah?" He said: "What I am upon and my Companions." (Al-Tirmidhi,
Kitab al-Iman, p. 600, No. 2641; Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Sunna, p. 650,
No. 4597)

This hadith says that the Muslim Ummah will be divided into 73 sects
and all of them shall go to Jahannam except one who will follows the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and the Sahaba.

‫ ﺛﻢ‬، ‫ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﻤﺮان ﺑﻦ ﺣﺼ ن ﯾﻘﻮل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﺧ أاﻣ ﻗﺮ ﻲ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﻠﻮ ﻢ‬5
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ و ﻣﻦ ﺐ اﻟﻨ أو رأە ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ ن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﻠﻮ ﻢ‬
(3650 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،612 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻓ ﻮ ﻣﻦ أ ﺎﺑ‬

Hadhrat Imran bin Husayn narrated that the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: “The best people of my ummah are those who are in my time,
then those who will come after it, then those who will come after it.”
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, p. 612, No. 3650)

This hadith tells that the Sahaba were the best of all Ummah;
therefore they must not be abused.
‫َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ َْ ﱠ َُ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " َﻻ َﺗ َﻤ ﱡ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ ﻳﻘﻮل ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ ﺟ ِﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬5
َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ رآی اﻟﻨ ﷺ و ﺒ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬."‫اﻟﻨ ُﺎر ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ًﻤﺎ َرآ ِ ﻲ أ ْو َرأى َﻣ ْﻦ َرآ ِ ﻲ‬
(3858 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،872
258 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah, he said: “I heard the Prophet

(‫ )ﷺ‬saying: "The Fire shall not touch the Muslim who saw me, or saw
one who saw me." (Al-Tirmidhi, p. 872, No. 3858)

The Qur’an teaches that the disputes of Sahaba should not be

highlighted, rather should be explained in a way that reduces its
intensity and exhibits their unanimity, as the following verses say:
ََ ََُ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ
[49:9 ‫ﺮات‬ ‫ َو ِ ْن ﻃﺎ ِﺋﻔ َﺘ ِﺎن ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ن اﻗﺘﺘﻠﻮا ﻓﺄﺻ ِ ﻮا ﺑﻴ ﻤﺎ ]ا‬9
َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ

“If two groups of the believers fight each other, seek reconciliation
between them.” [49:9]
َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ ﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻠ ُﻜ ْﻢ ُﺗ ْﺮ َﺣ ُﻤﻮ َن‬ ُ َ َ ْ ‫ إ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆﻣ ُﻨﻮ َن إ ْﺧ َﻮ ٌة َﻓ َﺄ‬10
‫ﺻ ِ ُ ﻮا َﺑ ْ َن أﺧ َﻮ ْ ﻜ ْﻢ َو ﱠاﺗ ُﻘﻮا‬ ِ ِ ِ
[49:10 ‫]ا ﺮات‬

“All believers are but brothers, therefore seek reconciliation between

your two brothers, and fear Allah, so that you may be blessed with
mercy.” [49:10]

These verses asks to reconcile between two if fighting breaks out;

therefore the disputes of Sahaba should be taken as ijtihadi mistake
and explain it in way that reduces the intensity of the dispute.

The Prophet’s Advices Regarding Disputes of Sahaba

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was informed through revelation that there shall

arise dispute between the Sahaba (may Allah be pleased with them)
and he gave some of those information to Hadhrat Huzifah (may Allah
be pleased with him). The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬instructed to do two things in
case of differences between Sahaba:

(1) To abide by the rightly guided caliphs

18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 259

(2) To remain neutral and not to pick up sword against any of

them

The following hadith urges to abide by the ways of the rightly guided
caliphs:

َْ َ َ ََْ ًَْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫َﻋﻦ ْاﻟ ِﻌ ْﺮَ ﺎض ْﺑﻦ َﺳﺎرَ َﺔ‬

‫ﺻﻼ ِة اﻟﻐ َﺪ ِاة‬ ‫ﺎل َو َﻋﻈ َﻨﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻮﻣﺎ ﻌﺪ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ‫ﺎل َ ُﺟ ٌﻞ إ ﱠن َ ﺬﻩ َﻣ ْﻮﻋ َﻈ ُﺔ ُﻣ َﻮ ّدع َﻓ َﻤ َﺎذا َ ْﻌ َ ﺪ‬ َ َ ُ ُ ْ ْ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ْ ْ َ َ
ُ ‫َﻣ ْﻮ ِﻋﻈﺔ َﺑ ِﻠﻴﻐﺔ ذ َرﻓﺖ ﻣ َ ﺎ اﻟ ُﻌ ُﻴﻮن َووﺟﻠﺖ ﻣ َ ﺎ اﻟﻘﻠ‬ً َ ً َ
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻮب ﻓﻘ َ ر‬ ِ ِ ِ
ٌ ََ َ َ ‫ُُ َ ﱠ‬ ََ ْ َُ ْ ُ ‫َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ُ ْ ََ ْ ًَ َ ً َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺎت اﻷﻣﻮ ِر ﻓ ِﺈ ﺎ ﺿﻼﻟﺔ‬ ِ ‫ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ ِﻌﺶ ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻳﺮى اﺧ ِﺘﻼﻓﺎ ﻛ ِﺜ ا و ِ ﻳﺎﻛﻢ وﻣﺤﺪﺛ‬... ‫ِإﻟ ْﻴﻨﺎ ﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
َ ‫َ َْْ ّ َ َ ﱡ‬
."‫ﻀﻮا َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ ِﺑﺎﻟ ﱠﻨ َﻮ ِاﺟ ِﺬ‬ ‫َﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ َأ ْد َر َك َذ ِﻟ َﻚ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻓ َﻌ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ ُﺴ ﱠﻨ َو ُﺳ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ ا ْ ُ َﻠ َﻔ ِﺎء ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺮ ِاﺷ ِﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻤ ِﺪ ِﻳ ن ﻋ‬ ِ ِ
‫؛ اﺑﻦ‬2676 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،607 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎﺟﺎء اﻷﺧﺬ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻨﺔ و اﺟﺘﻨﺎب اﻟﺒﺪﻋﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫)اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬
(42 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،6 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﺗﺒﺎع ﺳﻨﺔ ا ﻠﻔﺎء اﻟﺮاﺷﺪﯾﻦ اﻟﻤ ﺪﯾ ن‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬

'Irbad bin Sariyah (raz) reported: “One day the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
delivered us a very eloquent Khutbah on account of which eyes shed
tears and hearts were full of tears. A man said: "O Prophet of Allah,
this is as if it were a parting advice. So advise us"... whosoever among
you shall live after me, will see much discord. So hold fast to my
Sunnah and the examples of the Rightly- Guided Caliphs who will
come after me. Adhere to them and hold to it fast.” (Al-Tirmidhi, Kitab
al-'Ilm, p. 607, No. 2676; Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Muqaddimah, p. 6, No.
42)

Narrated Al-'Irbad bin Sariyah:

"One day after the morning Salat, the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
exhorted us to the extent that the eyes wept and the hearts
shuddered with fear. A man said: 'Indeed this is a farewell
exhortation. [So what] do you order us O Messenger of Allah?' He
said: 'I order you to have Taqwa of Allah, and to listen and obey, even
in the case of an Ethiopian slave. Indeed, whomever among you lives,
he will see much difference. Beware of the newly invented matters,
for indeed they are astray. Whoever among you sees that, then he
260 | Samarat al-Aqaid

must stick to my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the rightly guided

Khulafa', cling to it with the molars."

This hadith outlines three important points:

(1) The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬very emotionally exhorted the Sahaba as if it was

his farewell speech, so the pledge taken by the Sahaba is very
important.

(2) There shall occur many disputes after him and in such cases one
should resort to the rightly guided caliphs.

(3) The rightly guided caliphs shall be on right path. So, those who
believe only in Hadhrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and leave
the other three caliphs are at fault. Similarly, all the fours caliphs are
rightly guided, so those who regard the three caliphs as faulty are
committing blunders.

The following hadith asks to remain neutral in case of disputes

between Sahaba:

‫ أﻣﺎ إﻧﮏ إن ﺑﻘﯿﺖ ﻌﺪي ﻓﺴ ی أ ﺎ ﻲ‬،‫ ﯾﺎ أ ﺒﺎن‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ‬:‫ﻗﺎل أ ﺒﺎن ﺑﻦ ﺻﯿﻔﻲ‬
.‫ ﻗﺎل ﻓﺠﻌﻠﺖ ﺳﯿﻔﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮاﺟ ن‬،‫ ﻓﺈن ﺑﻘﯿﺖ أ ذﻟﮏ اﻟﯿﻮم ﻓﺎﺟﻌﻞ ﺳﯿﻔﮏ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮاﺟ ن‬،‫اﺧﺘﻼﻓﺎ‬
(868 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،295 ‫ ص‬،1 ‫ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أ ﺒﺎن ﺑﻦ ﺻﯿﻔﻲ اﻟﻐﻔﺎري‬، ‫)اﻟﻄ ا ﯽ اﻟﮑﺒ‬

Hadhrat Uhban (raz) said: The Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said to me: O Uhban,
if you live after me, you will see differences among my companions.
If you live till then, then make your sword with palm branches, (i.e. do
not to fight against any of the Companions with the iron sword),
Hadhrat Uhban said: I have made the sword of the palm branch.” (Al-
Tabarani Al-Kabeer, Musnad Ahaban bin Saifi Al-Ghafari, v. 1, p. 295,
No. 868)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 261

We Should not Indulge in the Disputes of Sahaba

Imam Shafi’i (rah) says:

‫ ﺑﺤﺚ أن اﻟﻤﻌﺎ‬، ‫ )ﺷﺮح اﻟﻔﻘ اﻷﮐ‬.‫ﺗﻠﮏ دﻣﺎء ﻃ ﺮ اﻟﻠ أﯾﺪﯾﻨﺎ ﻣ ﺎ ﻓﻼ ﻧﻠﻮث اﻟﺴﻨ ﻨﺎ ﺎ‬
(117 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺗﻀﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﮑ ﺎ ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ اﻟﻄﻮاﺋﻒ‬

“These is blood from which Allah has saved our hands, so we should
not pollute our tongues with it.” (Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar, p 117)

Imam Ahmad (rah) says:

‫وﺳﺌﻞ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻦ أﻣﺮ ﻋ و ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺗﻠﮏ أﻣﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺧﻠﺖ ﻟ ﺎ ﻣﺎ ﮐﺴ ﺖ و ﻟﮑﻢ ﻣﺎ ﮐﺴ ﺘﻢ و ﻻ‬

‫ ﺑﺤﺚ أن اﻟﻤﻌﺎ ﺗﻀﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﮑ ﺎ ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬، ‫ )ﺷﺮح اﻟﻔﻘ اﻷﮐ‬.‫ﺴﺌﻠﻮن ﻋﻤﺎ ﺎﻧﻮا ﻌﻤﻠﻮن‬
(117 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻄﻮاﺋﻒ‬

“Imam Ahmad was asked regarding the differences of Hadhrat Ali

(raz) and Hadhrat Ayishah (raz), so he said: “Those were a people who
have passed away, for them is what they earned, and for you is what
you earned, and you shall not be questioned as to what they have
been doing.” (Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar, p 117)

Both the imams said that the disputes between Sahaba were due to
ijtihadi mistakes; therefore we should not poke our noses into it. Both
the imams followed the abovementioned hadith and we should also
do the same.

The Ten Sahaba Who Were Given Glad Tiding of Jannah

There are ten Sahaba who were given glad tiding of Jannah in this
world. It is strange that some people abuse Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz),
Hadhrat Umar (raz) and Hadhrat Uthman (raz) etc even in spite of
such hadiths:
262 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ْ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤﻦ ْﺑﻦ َﻋ ْﻮ ٍف‬

‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " أ ُﺑﻮ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ِ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ‬ ِ ِ
‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ ﱠ‬7
‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ ْﺑ ُﻦ‬ ‫ﺎن ا ْ َ ﱠﻨﺔ َو َﻋ ﱞ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨﺔ َو َﻃ ْ َ ُﺔ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨﺔ َو ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﺰَ ْ ُ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َو َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ﱠ‬ ُ ‫َو ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨﺔ َو ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬
ِ ِ ِ َ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ٌ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫َﻋ ْﻮ ٍف ِ ا ﻨ ِﺔ وﺳ ْﻌﺪ ِ ا ﻨ ِﺔ وﺳ ِﻌﻴﺪ ِ ا ﻨ ِﺔ وأ ُﺑﻮ ﻋ َﺒ ْﻴﺪة ْﺑﻦ ا ﱠﺮ ِاح ِ ا ﻨ ِﺔ " )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬
َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ
(3747 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،851 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮف‬

Hadhrat 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf (raz) narrated that the Messenger

of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "Abu Bakr is in Paradise, 'Umar is in Paradise,
'Uthman is in Paradise, 'Ali is in Paradise, Talhah is in Paradise, Az-
Zubair is in Paradise, 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf is in Paradise, Sa'd bin
Abi Waqqas is in Paradise, Sa'eed is in Paradise, and Abu 'Ubaidah bin
Al-Jarrah is in Paradise." (Al-Tirmidhi, Manaqib Abdul Rahman Ibn
Awf, p. 851, No. 3747)

These were ten Sahaba who were given glad tiding of Jannah in this
world. May Allah give us their company in Jannah!

So, these were total 10 verses and 7 hadiths in regarding this belief.
 | 263

18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is

Part of Iman

We shall present 7 verses and 43 hadiths regarding this belief, the

details are as follows:

Ahl al-Bait (family of the Prophet - ‫ )ﷺ‬includes: all his wives, Hadhrat
Fatima, Hadhrat Ali, Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Hussain (may Allah
be pleased with them all) and shall be counted as Ahl al-Baid forever.

Similarly, it is wrong to abuse any Sahabi due to love of Ahl al-Bait,

especially abusing Hadhrat Ayishah, Hadhrat Abu Bakr, Hadhrat Umar
and Hadhrat Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them all) is in no way
justified.

Moreover, the disputes among them were due to ijtihadi mistakes,

which is forgiven by Allah. Hadhrat Ali (raz) and Hadhrat Hussain (raz)
have great merits and virtues, but they cannot be called ‘remover of
distress’ or ‘executor…..karsaaz’, thus it is unlawful to seek help from
them; since this is against the teachings of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬wished not to appoint any successor by himself,

rather he left it at the disposal of Sahaba themselves that they
appoint the caliph with their choice. However, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬liked
Abu Bakr (raz) to be his successor, as you shall see it in detail.

Who are Counted Among Ahl al-Bait?

All the wives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are included in Ahl al-Bait (family of
the Prophet ‫)ﷺ‬, the most deserving among them Hadhrat Khadijah
264 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(raz) as she is the mother of Hadhrat Fatimah (raz). Similarly, the other
wives like Hadhrat Ayishah (raz), Hadhrat Hafsa (raz) and other wives
are included in Ahl al-Bait. All of them share the same level of purity
mentioned in the verse of the Qur’an.

Later, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬included Hadhrat Fatimah, Hadhrat Ali,

Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Hussain (may Allah be pleased with them
all) among Ahl al-Bait. Thus, they also achieved the virtue mentioned
in the verse 33:33.

Some people, on one hand, have unjustly excluded Hadhrat Ayishah

and Hadhrat Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with them) from Ahl al-Bait
and, on the other hand, consider some of the Ahl al-Baid like Hadhrat
Ali even higher in status than the prophets.

Therefore, the right stand is that all the wives of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬,
Hadhrat Fatimah, Hadhrat Ali, Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Hussain
(may Allah be pleased with them all) are included in Ahl al-Bait, and
all of them are equal in status as being member of the Family.

The wives are included in Ahl al-Bait, as the Qur’an says:

ْ َ ْ
‫ﻀ ْﻌ َﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ ِل ﻓ َﻴﻄ َﻤ َﻊ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ َﻟ ْﺴ ُ ﱠن َ َﺄ َﺣﺪ ﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ّ َﺴﺎء إن ﱠاﺗ َﻘ ْﻴ ُ ﱠن َﻓ َﻼ َﺗ ْﺨ‬ ‫ َﻳﺎ َﺴ َﺎء ﱠ‬1
ِِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ً ً َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫( َوﻗ ْﺮن ِ ُﺑ ُﻴﻮ ِﺗﻜ ﱠﻦ َوﻻ ﺗ َ ﱠ ْﺟ َﻦ ﺗ َ ﱡ َج ا َ ﺎ ِ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‬32) ‫ض َوﻗﻠ َﻦ ﻗ ْﻮﻻ َﻣ ْﻌ ُﺮوﻓﺎ‬ ‫اﻟ ِﺬي ِ ﻗﻠ ِﺒ ِﮫ ﻣﺮ‬
ُ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﻟ ُﻴ ْﺬ َﺐ َﻋ ْﻨ ُﻜﻢ‬ ‫ُْ َ ََ ْ َ ﱠَ َ ََ َ ﱠَ َ ََ ْ َ ﱠ َ ََ ُ َ ُ ﱠ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫اﻷو وأ ِﻗﻤﻦ اﻟﺼﻼة وآ ِﺗ ن اﻟﺰ ﺎة وأ ِﻃﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ورﺳﻮﻟﮫ ِإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳ ِﺮ ﺪ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ‫ُُ ُ ﱠ‬ َُْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ً ْ َ ْ َُ َّ َُ َْْ َ ْ َ َ ْ ّ
‫ﺎت اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ِ ‫( واذﻛﺮن ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘ ِ ﺑﻴﻮ ِﺗﻜﻦ ِﻣﻦ آﻳ‬33) ‫اﻟﺮﺟﺲ أ ﻞ اﻟﺒ ِﺖ و ﻄ ِ ﺮﻛﻢ ﺗﻄ ِ ا‬ ِ
َ ً َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ْ َ
[33:32-34 ‫وا ِ ﻜﻤ ِﺔ ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﺎن ﻟ ِﻄﻴﻔﺎ ﺧ ِﺒ ً ا ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬

“O wives of the prophet, you are not like any other women, if you
observe taqwa (righteousness). So, do not be too soft in your speech,
lest someone having disease in his heart should develop fancies
(about you); and do speak with appropriate words. Remain in your
homes, and do not display (your) beauty as it used to be displayed in
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 265

the days of earlier ignorance; and establish Salah, and pay Zakah, and
obey Allah and His messenger. Allah only intends to keep (all sorts of)
filth away from you, O members of the family (of the prophet), and to
make you pure through a perfect purification. And be mindful of
Allah‘s verses and the wisdom that is recited in your homes. Surely,
Allah is All-Kind, All-Aware.” [33:32-34]

If you see the verse, first it was addressed to the wives of the Prophet
(‫)ﷺ‬, then the virtue of purification for Ahl al-Bait was mentioned, then
again his wives were addressed, thus it is clear that the wives are
included in Ahl al-Bait, and later the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬included Hadhrat
Fatimah (raz) and Hadhrat Ali (raz) into it.

The following hadith says that the wives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are
already included in Ahl al-Bait:

‫( ۔۔۔ ﻗﻠﺖ و اﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﮑﻢ ﯾﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ‬33:33 ) ‫ ﻋﻦ أم ﺳﻠﻤﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ أﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺬە اﻵﯾﺔ )اﻧﻤﺎ ﯾﺮ ﺪ ا‬1
،357 ‫ ص‬، 23 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أم ﺣﺒ ﺒﺔ ﺑ ﺖ ﮐ ﺴﺎن ﻋﻦ أم ﺳﻠﻤﺔ‬، ‫؟ ﻗﺎل و اﻧﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ۔ )اﻟﻄ ا ﻲ اﻟﮑﺒ‬
(839 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Umm Salma (raz) narrated: “When the verse related to

purification of Ahl al-Bait [33:33] was revealed, I asked the Prophet
(‫)ﷺ‬: Am I with you O Messenger of Allah! He replied: “You are with
us.” (Al-Tabrani al-Kabir, Musnad Umm Habibah bint Kaisan, v. 23, p.
375, Hadith No. 839)

This hadith clearly says that Hadhrat Umm Salma (raz) asked the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬whether the wives are included in Ahl al-Bait, then the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬replied in positive.

ْ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﺑ َﺰْ َ َﺐ ْاﺑ َﻨﺔ َ ْ ﺶ ﺑ ُﺨ‬ ‫ﺎل ُﺑ َ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ََ ْ َ

ٍ َِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ٍ ر‬2
‫ـ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻼ ُم َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ أ ْ َﻞ‬ " ‫ﺎل‬َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻓ ْﺎﻧ َﻄ َﻠ َﻖ إ َ ُ ْ َﺮ ِة َﻋﺎ ِ َﺸ َﺔ َﻓ َﻘ‬ ‫ َﻓ َﺨ َﺮ َج ﱠ‬... ‫َو َ ْ ﻢ‬
َ ِ ِ ٍ
َ َ َ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ
‫ ﻛﻴﻒ وﺟﺪت أ ﻠﻚ ﺑﺎرك اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟﻚ ﻓﺘﻘ ﱠﺮى‬،‫ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ وﻋﻠﻴﻚ اﻟﺴﻼم ورﺣﻤﺔ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬." ‫اﻟ َﺒ ْ ِﺖ ورﺣﻤﺔ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ
266 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ُ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُّ
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ َو َ ُﻘﻠ َﻦ ﻟ ُﮫ ﻛ َﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬،‫ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل ﻟ ُ ﱠﻦ ﻛ َﻤﺎ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل ِﻟ َﻌﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬،‫ُ َ َﺮ ِ َﺴ ِﺎﺋ ِﮫ ِﻠ ِ ﱠﻦ‬
( 4793 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،843 ‫( ص‬53) ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻻ ﺗﺪﺧﻠﻮا ﺑﯿﻮت اﻟﻨ إﻻ أن ﯾﺆذن ﻟﮑﻢ إ ﻃﻌﺎم‬، ‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﺴ‬

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: “A banquet of bread and meat was held
on the occasion of the marriage of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to Zainab bint
Jahsh.… The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬left and went towards the dwelling place of
Aisha and said, "Peace and Allah's Mercy be on you, O the people of
the house!" She replied, "Peace and the mercy of Allah be on you too.
How did you find your wife? May Allah bless you. Then he went to the
dwelling places of all his other wives and said to them the same as he
said to Aisha and they said to him the same as Aisha had said to him.”
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab Al-Tafsir, Chapter: Do not enter the house of
the Prophet unless you allow me to eat (53) p. 843, No. 4793)

This hadith calls all the wives as Ahl al-Bait, this makes clear that wives
are included in Ahl al-Bait and thus Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) and Hadhrat
Hafsa (raz) are also included in Ahl al-Bait.
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ََ ْ ُ ََ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َْ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻗ َﺎم َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗ‬... ‫ ِإ ز ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ أرﻗﻢ‬... ‫ ﻗﺎل اﻧﻄﻠﻘﺖ أﻧﺎ وﺣﺼ ن‬،‫ ﺣﺪﺛ ِ ﻳ ِﺰ ﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻴﺎن‬3
َ َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻗ‬... ‫ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ ِﻓ َﻴﻨﺎ َﺧ ِﻄ ًﻴﺒﺎ ﺑ َﻤ ٍﺎء ُﻳ ْﺪ َ ُﺧﻤﺎ َﺑ ْ َن َﻣ ﱠﻜ َﺔ َو ْاﻟ َﻤ ِﺪ َﻳﻨ ِﺔ‬
َ
‫ﺎل " َوأ ْ ُﻞ َﺑ ْ ِﻴ‬ َِ
ْ‫ﺼ ْ ٌن َو َﻣﻦ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻟ ُﮫ ُﺣ‬ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ّ
َ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬. " ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ أ ﻞ ﺑ ْﻴ أذ ِﻛ ُﺮﻛ ُﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ أ ﻞ ﺑ ْﻴ‬
َ َ ُ َ ْ ‫َُ ّ ُُ ُ ﱠ َ َْ َْ َُ ّ ُُ ُ ﱠ‬
َِ ِ ِ َ ِ ِ ِ ‫َأذ ِﻛﺮﻛﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ِ َأ ِﻞ ﺑﻴ ِ أذ ِﻛﺮﻛ َﻢ‬
َ َ ‫ْ ُ َْ َ َْ ُ َْ َ َ ُ ُ ْ ْ َْ َ َ َ ُ ُ ْ ْ َْ ََ ْ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺼ َﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫أ ﻞ ﺑ ِﺘ ِﮫ ﻳﺎ ز ﺪ أﻟ ﺲ ِ ﺴﺎؤﻩ ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ ﺑ ِﺘ ِﮫ ﻗﺎل ِ ﺴﺎؤﻩ ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ ﺑ ِﺘ ِﮫ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ أ ﻞ ﺑ ِﺘ ِﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺣ ِﺮم‬
(6225/2408 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1061 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫" ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬. ‫َ ْﻌ َﺪ ُﻩ‬

Hadhrat Yazid b. Hayyan reported, I went along with Husain b. Sabra

and 'Umar b. Muslim to Zaid b. Arqam … He then said: One day Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬stood up to deliver sermon at a watering place known
as Khumm situated between Mecca and Medina. … Then said: The
second are the members of my household I remind you (of your
duties) to the members of my family. He (Husain) said to Zaid: Who
are the members of his household? Aren't his wives the members of
his family? Thereupon he said: His wives are the members of his
family (but here) the members of his family are those for whom
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 267

acceptance of Zakat is forbidden.” (Sahih Muslim, Bab Fazl Ali ibn

Talib, p. 1061, No. 2408/6225)

These hadiths mention that wives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬are included

among Ahl al-Bait and therefore the virtue of purification is
established for them.

In the following verse, the word ahl means wife of Musa (peace be
upon him):

ً َ ُ ْ ََ ّ ُ ُ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ ً َ ََ ْ
[20:10 ‫ ِإذ رأى ﻧﺎرا ﻓﻘﺎل ِﻷ ِﻠ ِﮫ اﻣﻜﺜﻮا ِإ ِ ﻲ آ ﺴﺖ ﻧﺎرا ]ﻃﮫ‬2

“When he (Musa) saw a fire and said to his family (wife), Stay here. I
have noticed a fire.” [20:10]

This means Hadhrat Safoora, the wife of the Prophet Muda (peace be
upon him); thus Ahl al-Bait will include all the wives of the Prophet
(‫)ﷺ‬.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Included the Family of Hadhrat Fatimah Later

in Ahl al-Bait

The context of the verse indicates that the holy wives were already
included among Ahl al-Bait, and the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬included Hadhrat
Fatimah, Hadhrat Ali, Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Hussain (may Allah
be pleased with them all) among Ahl al-Bait and now they became
permanently part of Ahl al-Bait, as the Hadith says:
َ َ َ ٌ َ ً َ ‫ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻋﺎ َﺸ ُﺔ َﺧ َﺮ َج ﱠ‬4
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻏ َﺪاة َو َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣ ْﺮط ُﻣ َﺮ ﱠﺣ ٌﻞ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺷ ْﻌ ٍﺮ أ ْﺳ َﻮ َد ﻓ َﺠ َﺎء‬ ِ
ُ‫ا ْ َ َﺴ ُﻦ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ّ َﻓ َﺄ ْد َﺧ َﻠ ُﮫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺟ َﺎء ا ْ ُ َﺴ ْ ُن َﻓ َﺪ َﺧ َﻞ َﻣ َﻌ ُﮫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺟ َﺎء ْت َﻓﺎﻃ َﻤ ُﺔ َﻓ َﺄ ْد َﺧ َﻠ َ ﺎ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺟ َﺎء َﻋ ﱞ َﻓ َﺄ ْد َﺧ َﻠﮫ‬
ِ ِ ٍ ِ
ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
ّ ‫ﺎل } إ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ُﻳﺮ ُﺪ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﻟ ُﻴﺬ ِ َﺐ َﻋ ْﻨﻜ ُﻢ‬ َ ‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ‬
‫ ( ) ﻴﺢ‬33:33 ) {‫ﺲ أ ْ َﻞ اﻟ َﺒ ْ ِﺖ َو ُ ﻄ ِّ َﺮﻛ ْﻢ ﺗﻄ ِ ً ا‬ َ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺟ‬
ِ ِ ِ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫؛ اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬6261/2424 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1067 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﻞ ﺑ ﺖ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(3787 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،859 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ أ ﻞ اﻟﺒ ﺖ‬
268 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported that Allah's Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬went out one
norning wearing a striped cloak of the black camel's hair that there
came Hasan b. 'Ali. He wrapped hitn under it, then came Husain and
he wrapped him under it along with the other one (Hasan). Then came
Fatima and he took her under it, then came 'Ali and he also took him
under it and then recited the verse: 33:33 “Allah only intends to keep
(all sorts of) filth away from you, O members of the family (of the
prophet), and to make you pure through a perfect purification.”
(Sahih Muslim, Virtues of the Ahl al-Bait, p. 1067, No. 2424/6261; Al-
Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Manaqib, Virtues of Ahl al-Bait, p. 859, No. 3787)

Allah only desires to take away any uncleanliness from you, O people
of the household, and purify you (thorough purifying)

Generally, Ahl al-Bait (house members) means wives, and normally it

does not include married daughter, son in law and grandsons,
especially when they live separately in other house. Therefore, the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬covered them under his sheet and included them among
Ahl al-Bair along with the wives. So, as the holy wives share the virtue
of purity, in the same way they also share the same virtue. It is neither
right to reduce it to lesser degree not it is correct to increase it beyond
anyone else.

For example, the Holy Madinah was not holding the virtue of Haram
(sanctuary) like Makkah, so the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬declared it haram and
gave it this virtue. In the same way, Hadhrat Fatimah, Hadhrat Ali,
Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Hussain (may Allah be pleased with them
all) were not included in Ahl al-Bait, but the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬included
them among Ahl al-Baid with Allah’s command and made them have
the virtue of purity according to the verse 33:33.

The hadith in which the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬regarded Madinah as haram is as

follows:
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 269

َ َ َ َ ْ َ ََ َ ْ َ َ َ ّ ُ َ َ ‫َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل "ﺣ ِﺮم ﻣﺎ ﺑ ن ﻻﺑ ِ اﻟﻤ ِﺪﻳﻨ ِﺔ ﻋ‬ ِ
،‫؛ أﺑﻮ داؤد‬1869 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،301 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺮم اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ‬،‫ )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ِﻟ َﺴﺎ ِ ﻲ‬
(2037 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،295 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﮏ‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I have
made Medina a sanctuary between its two (Harrat) mountains." (Al-
Bukhari, Book of the Virtues of Medina, p. 301, No. 1869; Abu Dawud,
Kitab al-Manasik, p. 295, No. 2037)

This hadith says that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬declared Madinah as haram and
similarly he included Hadhrat Fatimah, Hadhrat Ali, Hadhrat Hasan
and Hadhrat Hussain (may Allah be pleased with them all) among the
Ahl al-Bait, as previously they were not included. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬did
so with Allah’s command.

Loving the Ahl al-Bait is Part of Faith

We can understand the importance of Ahl al-Bait that we offer

obligatory Salah five time a day and recite Durood therein in which
send blessings and peace to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as his family. This
crystallizes the high status of the Ahl a-Bait . Similarly, whenever we
recite Durood we pray for the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as well as for his family and
this shall continue till Qiyamah.

Durood Ibrahimi is as follows:

ٌ َ َ ‫َْ َ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫ﻴﺪ َﻣﺠ‬ ََ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ ْ‫ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َﱠ‬ ََ َ ‫ُ َ ﱠ‬ ََ ّ َ ‫ﱠُ ﱠ‬
،‫ﻴﺪ‬ ِ ‫ ِإﻧﻚ ﺣ ِﻤ‬،‫ِآل ِإﺑﺮا ِ ﻴﻢ‬ ‫ِإﺑﺮا ِ ﻴﻢ وﻋ‬ ‫ِآل ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺻﻠﻴﺖ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ وﻋ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ﻢ ﺻ ِﻞ ﻋ‬
ٌ ‫ﻴﺪ َﻣﺠ‬ٌ َ َ ‫َْ َ ﱠ‬ ََ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ َْ َ َ َ ‫ُ َ ﱠ‬ ََ َ ‫ُ َ ﱠ‬ ََ َ َ ‫ﱠُ ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﺪ‬ ِ ‫ ِإﻧﻚ ﺣ ِﻤ‬،‫ِآل ِإﺑﺮا ِ ﻴﻢ‬ ‫ِإﺑﺮا ِ ﻴﻢ وﻋ‬ ‫ِآل ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ ﻛﻢ ا ﺑﺎرﻛﺖ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ وﻋ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ﻢ ﺑﺎ ِرك ﻋ‬

“O Allah! Send blessings upon (Holy Prophet) Muhammad and upon

theProgeny of (Holy Prophet) Muhammad as You sent blessings upon
Ibraheem and upon the Progeny of Ibraheem; indeed, You are
praiseworthy and glorious. Allahumma! Bless (Holy Prophet)
Muhammad and the Progeny of (Holy Prophet) Muhammad as You
270 | Samarat al-Aqaid

blessed Ibraheem and the Progeny of Ibraheem; indeed, You are

praise worthy and glorious.”

At Ghadir Khum, while going back from Farewell Hajj, the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
said thrice: be careful regarding my family and respect them.

But it is regretful that the Khawarij abused Hadhrat Ali (raz), the
Syrians martyred Hadhrat Hussain (raz), while some abuse Hadhrat
Ayishah (raz) and Hadhrat Hafsa (raz). Since he was already informed
of these transgressions in future, therefore he emphasized to respect
Ahl al-Bait thrice.

It is mentioned in hadith:

ُ‫ﺻ ﱠ ا ﱠﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫َ ُ ْ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ََ ْ ُ ََ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َْ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬
ِ ‫ ﻗﺎم رﺳﻮل‬... ‫ ﻳ ِﺰ ﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻴﺎن ﻗﺎل اﻧﻄﻠﻘﺖ أﻧﺎ وﺣﺼ ن ﺑﻦ ﺳ ة ِإ ز ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ أرﻗﻢ‬5
‫َ َﱠ‬ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ ِﻓ َﻴﻨﺎ ﺧ ِﻄ ًﻴﺒﺎ ِﺑ َﻤ ٍﺎء ُﻳ ْﺪ َ ﺧﻤﺎ َﺑ ْ َن َﻣﻜﺔ َواﻟ َﻤ ِﺪ َﻳﻨ ِﺔ ﻓ َﺤ ِﻤ َﺪ اﻟﻠ َﮫ َوأﺛ َ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َو َﻋﻆ َوذﻛ َﺮ‬
َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ّ َ ‫ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ﱡ َ ﱠ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ َ ٌ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ُل‬
‫ﻴﺐ َوأﻧﺎ ﺗﺎ ِر ٌك ِﻓﻴﻜ ْﻢ ﺛ َﻘﻠ ْ ِن‬ ‫ﻮﺷﻚ أن ﻳﺄ ِ ﻲ رﺳﻮ رِ ﻲ ﻓﺄ ِﺟ‬ ِ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل أﻣﺎ ﻌﺪ أﻻ أ ﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻓ ِﺈﻧﻤﺎ أﻧﺎ ﺸﺮ ﻳ‬
‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ ‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﻤﺴ ُ ﻮا ﺑﮫ َﻓ َﺤ ﱠﺚ َﻋ َ ﻛ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨﻮ ُر َﻓ ُﺨ ُﺬوا ﺑﻜ‬‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻓﻴﮫ ْاﻟ ُ َﺪى َو ﱡ‬ ‫َﱠُُ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎب اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو َرﻏ َﺐ‬ ِ ِ‫ﺘ‬ ِِ ِ
ْ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو‬
ِ ِ ِِ ‫ﺎب‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫أوﻟ ﻤﺎ ِﻛﺘﺎب‬
َ
ْ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ أ ْ ﻞ َﺑﻴ‬‫ُ ﱠ َ َ ََ ْ ُ َْ َ ّ ُُ ْ ﱠ َ ْ َْ َ ّ ُُ ْ ﱠ َ ْ َْ َ ّ ُُ ْ ﱠ‬
ُ َ ُ َ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ‫ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل وأ ﻞ ﺑﻴ ِ َ أذ ِﻛﺮﻛﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ِ َ أ ِﻞ ﺑﻴ ِ أذ ِﻛﺮﻛ َﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ِ أ ِﻞ ﺑﻴ ِ أذ ِﻛﺮﻛ َﻢ‬
ُ
،‫ )ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺎل ِ َﺴﺎؤ ُﻩ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ْ ِﻞ َﺑ ْ ِﺘ ِﮫ‬ َ ‫ﺲ ِ َﺴ ُﺎؤ ُﻩ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ْ ﻞ َﺑ ْ ِﺘ ِﮫ َﻗ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺼ ْ ٌن َو َﻣ ْﻦ أ ْ ُﻞ َﺑ ْ ِﺘ ِﮫ َﻳﺎ َزْ ُﺪ أ َﻟ‬
َ ‫ﺎل َﻟ ُﮫ ُﺣ‬
َ ‫َﻓ َﻘ‬
ِ
(6225/2408 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1061 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬

Hadhrat Yazid b. Hayyan reported, I went along with Husain b. Sabra

and 'Umar b. Muslim to Zaid b. Arqam … He then said: One day Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬stood up to deliver sermon at a watering place known
as Khumm situated between Mecca and Medina. He praised Allah,
extolled Him and delivered the sermon and. exhorted (us) and said:
Now to our purpose. O people, I am a human being. I am about to
receive a messenger (the angel of death) from my Lord and I, in
response to Allah's call, (would bid good-bye to you), but I am leaving
among you two weighty things: the one being the Book of Allah in
which there is right guidance and light, so hold fast to the Book of
Allah and adhere to it. He exhorted (us) (to hold fast) to the Book of
Allah and then said: The second are the members of my household I
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 271

remind you (of your duties) to the members of my family. He (Husain)

said to Zaid: Who are the members of his household? Aren't his wives
the members of his family? Thereupon he said: His wives are the
members of his family.” (Sahih Muslim, Bab Fazl Ali ibn Talib, p. 1061,
No. 2408/6225)

In this hadith, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬very painfully asks the people to treat
his family members with respect and love.
ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َرأ ْﻳ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ َ ﱠ ِﺘ ِﮫ َﻳ ْﻮ َم َﻋ َﺮﻓﺔ َو ُ َﻮ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬6
َ ُْ َ َ ُ َ
ْ َ َ ّ ُ ‫َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ُل َ ﱡ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس ِإ ِ ﻲ ﻗ ْﺪ ﺗ َﺮﻛ ُﺖ ِﻓﻴﻜ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ ِإ ْن أﺧﺬﺗ ْﻢ ِﺑ ِﮫ ﻟ ْﻦ‬‫ﻋ ﻧﺎﻗ ِﺘ ِﮫ اﻟﻘﺼﻮ ِاء ﻳﺨﻄﺐ ﻓﺴ ِﻤﻌﺘﮫ ﻳﻘﻮ " ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟﻨ‬
ْ َ َ ْ َ َْ َ ‫َ ﱡ َ َ ﱠ‬
،859 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ أ ﻞ اﻟﺒ ﺖ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ِ ‫ﺗ ِﻀﻠﻮا ِﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﻠ ِﮫ و ِﻋ ِ ﻲ أ ﻞ ﺑﻴ‬
(21068 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،232 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ز ﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬،‫؛ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬3786 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Jabir bin 'Abdullah (raz) narrated: "I saw the Messenger of
Allah during his Hajj, on the Day of 'Arafah. He was upon his camel
Qaswa, giving a Khutbah, so he said: 'O people! Indeed, I have left
among you, that which if you hold fast to it, you shall not go astray:
The Book of Allah and my family, the people of my house.'" (Al-
Tirmidhi, Book of Virtues, Chapter on the Virtues of Ahl al-Bait, p. 859,
No. 3786; Ahmad's Musnad, Hadith of Zaid bin Thabit, vol.6, p. 232,
No. 21068)

It says that Muslims will not go astray if they continue to hold on the
Quran and Ahl al-Bait.

ْ ُ َُْ َ َ‫َ ﱡ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬

َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬7
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " أ ِﺣﺒﻮا اﻟﻠﮫ ِﻟﻤﺎ ﻐﺬوﻛﻢ ِﻣﻦ ِ ﻌ ِﻤ ِﮫ‬
َ ْ
ّ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ ﱡ ِ ُِ ّ ﱠ ٍ َ َ ﱡ‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ أ ﻞ اﻟﺒ ﺖ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ِ ِ ِ ‫وأ ِﺣﺒﻮ ِ ﻲ ِﺑﺤ ِﺐ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وأ ِﺣﺒﻮا أ ﻞ ﺑﻴ‬
(3789 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،859 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Ibn 'Abbas (raz) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: "Love Allah for what He nourishes you with of His Blessings, love
me due to the love of Allah, and love the people of my house due to
272 | Samarat al-Aqaid

love of me." (Al-Tirmidhi, Book of Virtues, Chapter on the Virtues of

Ahl al-Bait, p. 859, No. 3789)

This hadith emphasizes to love the Ahl al-Bait.

Virtues of Hadhrat Fatimah (May Allah be Pleased with Her)

Hadhrat Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) is the beloved

daughter of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and the head of women in Jannah. The
Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’at love her and respect her. They consider
her love as part of faith, but do not cross the limits. Here are some
virtues of her:

. ‫ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺑﻀﻌﺔ ﻣ ﻓﻤﻦ أﻏﻀ ﺎ أﻏﻀﺒ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﻮر ﺑﻦ ﻣﺨﺮﻣﺔ أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻗﺎل‬8
(3714 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،626 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﻘﺒﺔ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫)اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Miswar bin Makhrama that

the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Fatima is a part of me, so whoever
angered her will make me angry.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Bab Manqabat
Fatima Raz., p. 626, No. 3714)

َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬... ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻩ َﻟ ْﻢ ُ َﻐ ِﺎد ْر ِﻣ ْ ُ ﱠﻦ َو ِاﺣ َﺪ ًة‬

‫ﺎل‬ ‫اج ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ ُﻛ ﱠﻦ َأ ْز َو‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬9
ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ
‫ ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ ﻓ َ ِ ﻜ ُﺖ‬. " ‫ﺎﻃ َﻤﺔ أ َﻣﺎ ﺗ ْﺮ َ ْ أ ْن ﺗ ﻮ ِ ﻲ َﺳ ِّﻴ َﺪة ِ َﺴ ِﺎء اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن أ ْو َﺳ ِّﻴ َﺪة ِ َﺴ ِﺎء َ ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻷ ﱠﻣ ِﺔ‬ ِ ‫"ﻳﺎ ﻓ‬
َْ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1078 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬."‫َ ِ ِ ﻲ اﻟ ِﺬي رأﻳ ِﺖ‬
(6313/2450

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported: “We, the wives of Allah's Apostle (‫)ﷺ‬,
were with him (during his last illness)… and he said: Fatima, are you
not pleased that you should be at the head of the believing women or
the head of this Umma? I laughed and it was that laughter which you
saw. (Sahih Muslim, Chapter on the Virtues of Fatima, may God be
pleased with her, p. 1078, No. 2450/6313)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 273

These hadiths say that Hadhrat Fatimah (may Allah be pleased with
her) is the head of women in Jannah and the most beloved to the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

Why Hadhrat Fatimah (raz) was not Given Inheritance?

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) did not give inheritance to Hadhrat Fatimah
(raz); since the property of a prophet is not distributed among his
heirs. This is even certified by Hadhrat Ali (raz) that the property of a
prophet is not distributed; otherwise Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) and
Hadhrat Hafsa (raz) also would have got eighth part being wives of the
Prophet (‫ ;)ﷺ‬therefore there is no question to blame Hadhrat Abu
Bakr (raz). Here are some hadiths:

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻼ ُم ـ َأ ْر َﺳ َﻠ ْﺖ إ َ َأ ﻲ َﺑ ْﻜﺮ َ ْﺴ َﺄ ُﻟ ُﮫ ﻣ َ ا َ َ ﺎ ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎﻃ َﻤ َﺔ ـ َﻋ َﻠ ْ َ ﺎ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻓ‬

َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َﱠ‬
‫ أن‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬10
ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬
َ
‫ﺻ َﺪﻗﺔ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َﺗﻄﻠ ُﺐ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ َﻴﻤﺎ َأ َﻓ َﺎء اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َر ُﺳﻮﻟﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
ُ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬
ِِ ِ
‫ﱠ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ََْ َ َ َ َُ َ ْ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ِإن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬. ‫ﺲ ﺧﻴ‬ ِ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ اﻟ ِ ِﺑﺎﻟﻤ ِﺪﻳﻨ ِﺔ وﻓﺪ ٍك وﻣﺎ ﺑ ِﻘﻲ ِﻣﻦ ﺧﻤ‬
َ ْ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ َﻟ‬
‫َ َ َُ َ ُ َ َََْ َْ َ َ َ َ ٌ ﱠَ َ ُ ُ ُ ُ َ ﱠ ْ َ َ َْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬ ْ
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ ِإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺄ ﻞ آل ﻣﺤﻤ ٍﺪ ِﻣﻦ ﺬا اﻟﻤ ِﺎل ـ ﻌ ِ ﻣﺎل‬،‫ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻛﻨﺎ ﻓ ﻮ ﺻﺪﻗﺔ‬،‫وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل " ﻻ ﻧﻮرث‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺻ َﺪ َﻗﺎت ﱠ‬
ّ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﻻ ُأ َﻏ ّ ُ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ ﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫َُ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ََ ْ َْ َ َ ّ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ و ِ ِ ﻲ و‬." ‫ﻟ ﻢ أن ﻳ ِﺰ ﺪوا ﻋ اﻟﻤﺄ ِﻞ‬
‫َ َََْ ﱠ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َﺎﻧ ْﺖ َﻋ َﻠ ْ َ ﺎ َﻋ ْ ﺪ ﱠ‬
‫ وﻷﻋﻤﻠﻦ ِﻓ ﺎ ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻋ ِﻤﻞ ِﻓ ﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬،‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ َ َ
َ ‫ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻗ‬، ‫ ﻓ ﺸ ﱠ ﺪ ﻋ ﱞ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬َ َ
‫ وذﻛ َﺮ ﻗ َﺮاﺑ ُ ﻢ ِﻣﻦ َرﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬.‫ﺎل ِإﻧﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻋ َﺮﻓﻨﺎ ﻳﺎ أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ﻓ ِﻀﻴﻠﺘﻚ‬ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ ﻟﻘ َﺮ َاﺑﺔ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬،‫ﺎل َواﻟ ِﺬي ﻧﻔ ِ ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ‬ َ ‫ ﻓﺘ ﻠ َﻢ أ ُﺑﻮ َﺑﻜﺮ ﻓﻘ‬.‫ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َوﺣﻘ ُ ْﻢ‬
ٍ
َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ ﱡ َﱠ‬
‫ل‬ ‫ي‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻗﺮاﺑﺔ رﺳﻮ اﻟﻠ ﷺ و‬، ‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎر‬. ِ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ أﺣﺐ ِإ أن أ ِﺻﻞ ِﻣﻦ ﻗﺮاﺑ‬
(3711 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،626 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻣﻨﻘﺒﺔ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ اﻟﺴﻼم‬

Hadhrat 'Aisha (raz) narrated: “Fatima sent somebody to Abu Bakr

asking him to give her her inheritance from the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬from what
Allah had given to His Apostle through Fai (i.e. booty gained without
fighting). She asked for the Sadaqa (i.e. wealth assigned for charitable
purposes) of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬at Medina, and Fadak, and what
remained of the Khumus (i.e., one-fifth) of the Khaibar booty. Abu
Bakr said, "Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, 'We (Prophets), our property
is not inherited, and whatever we leave is Sadaqa, but Muhammad's
274 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Family can eat from this property, i.e. Allah's property, but they have
no right to take more than the food they need.' By Allah! I will not
bring any change in dealing with the Sadaqa of the Prophet (and will
keep them) as they used to be observed in his (i.e. the Prophet's) life-
time, and I will dispose with it as Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬used to do,"
Then 'Ali said, "I testify that None has the right to be worshipped but
Allah, and that Muhammad is His Apostle," and added, "O Abu Bakr!
We acknowledge your superiority." Then he (i.e. 'Ali) mentioned their
own relationship to Allah's Apostle and their right. Abu Bakr then
spoke saying, "By Allah in Whose Hands my life is. I love to do good to
the relatives of Allah's Apostle rather than to my own relatives."
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Manaqib, p. 626, No. 3711)

This hadith says that the property of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was not to be
distributed and Hadhrat Ali (raz) also confirmed it. Among the heirs,
there was Hadhrat Fatimah (raz) as daughter and Hadhrat Ayishah
(raz) as wife, but Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) did not distribute any share
of inheritance among them, not even to his daughter Ayishah.

Those who object in this matter, raise only the issue of Hadhrat
Fatimah (raz), but do not raise the issue of Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) and
Hadhrat Hafsa (raz).
َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل " ﻻ َﻳ ْﻘ ِﺴ ْﻢ َو َر ِﺛ‬‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬11
ٌَ َ ََْ َ َ ْ َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻮﺻﺎﯾﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ﺻ َﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫ َﻣﺎ ﺗ َﺮﻛ ُﺖ َ ْﻌ َﺪ ﻧ َﻔ َﻘ ِﺔ ِ َﺴﺎ ِ ﻲ َو َﻣ ُﺌﻮﻧ ِﺔ َﻋ ِﺎﻣ ِ ﻓ ﻮ‬،‫ِد َﻳﻨﺎ ًرا‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺮک اﻟﻮﺻﯿﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻮﺻﯿﺔ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬2776 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،459 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻧﻔﻘﺔ اﻟﻘﯿﻢ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻒ‬
(4227/1634 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،717 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻟﻤﻦ ﻟ ﺲ ﻟ ء ﯾﻮ ﻓﯿ‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,

"My heirs will not inherit a Dinar or a Dirham (i.e. money), for
whatever I leave (excluding the adequate support of my wives and the
wages of my employees) is given in charity." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab
al-Wasayahp. 459, No. 2776; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Wasiyyah, p. 717,
No. 1634/4227)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 275

This hadith says that all things left by the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would not be
distributed among heirs, rather all things would be spent as charity.
Therefore, terming this issue as injustice with Hadhrat Fatimah (raz)
is a blunder.
ْ ْ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫ ِإ ﱠن اﻷ ْﻧ ِ َﻴ َﺎء ﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ َﻮ ِّرﺛﻮا ِد َﻳﻨ ًﺎرا َوﻻ ِد ْر َ ًﻤﺎ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ َو ﱠرﺛﻮا اﻟ ِﻌﻠ َﻢ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬... ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻗ ْ ِﺲ ْﺑ ِﻦ ﻛ ِﺜ‬12
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬2682 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،609 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟﻔﻘ ﻋ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدة‬
(223 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،34 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء و ا ﺚ ﻋ ﻃﻠﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬

Hadhrat Qais bin Kathir (raz): ……. and the Prophets do not leave
behind Dinar or Dirham. The only legacy of the scholars is
knowledge.” (Al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-'Ilm, p. 609, No. 2682; Ibn Majah,
Muqaddimah, p. 34, No. 223)

This hadith says that the things left by a prophet is not distributed;
therefore Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) did not distribute it among the heirs
and thus Hadhrat Fatimah (raz) did not get anything. Therefore, this
is a nonissue.

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) Promised to Give Grants to Ahl al-Bait

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) did not distribute the inheritance among the
heirs of the Prophet (‫ ;)ﷺ‬since it cannot be distributed as per the
hadith, but he promised to give more to the family of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
than to his family and would fulfill all their needs. Therefore, Hadhrat
Abu Bakr (raz) said:

ً ً
‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪا ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ ارﻗﺒﻮا‬: ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺑﻜﺮ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻣﻮﻗﻮﻓﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ أﻧﮫ ﻗﺎل‬13
،626 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻗﺮاﺑﺔ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ و ﻣﻨﻘﺒﺔ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫" )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫أ ﻞ ﺑ ﺘﮫ‬
(3713 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Ibn 'Umar (raz) reported that Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) said:
"Show reverence to Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬by honouring the
276 | Samarat al-Aqaid

members of his family." (Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Manaqib p. 626, No.

3713)

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) said he will pay all necessary care to the family
of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and you should also care them.

Hadhrat Ali (raz) Embraced Hadhrat Abu Bark (raz)

People exaggerate the differences between Hadhrat Abu Bark (raz)

and Hadhrat Ali (raz) and continue to create rift among Muslims,
whereas the fact is that Hadhrat Ali (raz) took pledge of allegiance on
the hand of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) and embraced him which caused
great satisfaction and delight to Muslims. It is narrated:
ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ََْ َ َ ‫اﺳ َ ْﻨ َﻜ َﺮ َﻋ ﱞ ُو ُﺟ‬ ْ ... ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬14
‫ َوﻟ ْﻢ َﻳﻜ ْﻦ‬،‫ﺼﺎ َ ﺔ أ ِ ﻲ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ َو ُﻣ َﺒﺎ َ َﻌ َﺘ ُﮫ‬ ‫ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻤﺲ ﻣ‬،‫ﺎس‬ ِ
‫ﻮﻩ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ِ
ََ َ َ َ ْ‫ﱡ‬ ْ َ َ ْ
‫َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ ﱠ ُ َْ َ َ ﱠ َﱠ‬ ْ َ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬... ‫اﻷ ْﺷ ُ َﺮ‬َ َ ْ ُ َُ
‫ﺻ أ ُﺑﻮ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ اﻟﻈ ﺮ ر ِ ﻋ‬ ‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬.‫ﺎل َﻋ ِ ﱞ ﻷ ِ ﻲ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ﻣﻮ ِﻋﺪك اﻟﻌ ِﺸﻴﺔ ِﻟﻠﺒﻴﻌ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺎ ِ ﻊ ِﺗﻠﻚ‬
ْ ْ ‫َْ ََ َْ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ‫َ َﱡ‬ ْ َ ََ َ ََ ْ
،‫اﺳ َﺘﻐ َﻔ َﺮ‬ ‫ ﺛﻢ‬،‫ َو ُﻋﺬ َر ُﻩ ِﺑﺎﻟ ِﺬي اﻋﺘﺬر ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ‬،‫ َوﺗﺨﻠ َﻔ ُﮫ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ َﺒ ْﻴ َﻌ ِﺔ‬، ٍ ّ ِ ‫ ﻓ ﺸ ﱠ َﺪ َوذﻛ َﺮ ﺷﺄ َن َﻋ‬، ِ َ ‫اﻟ ِﻤ ْﻨ‬
َ َ ْ َ َ ََ ً َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱞ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ َﱠ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ُ ََ ﱠ‬
‫ وﻻ‬،‫ وﺣﺪث أﻧﮫ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤ ِﻤﻠﮫ ﻋ اﻟ ِﺬي ﺻﻨﻊ ﻧﻔﺎﺳﺔ ﻋ أ ِ ﻲ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬،‫و ﺸ ﺪ ﻋ ِ ﻓﻌﻈﻢ ﺣﻖ أ ِ ﻲ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬
َْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ً َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َْ ً ﱠ َ ﱠَ ﱠ‬
،‫ ﻓ َﻮ َﺟ ْﺪﻧﺎ ِ أﻧ ُﻔ ِﺴ َﻨﺎ‬،‫ﺎﺳ َﺒ ﱠﺪ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ‬ ‫ ﻓ‬،‫ وﻟ ِﻜﻨﺎ ﻧﺮى ﻟﻨﺎ ِ ﺬا اﻷﻣ ِﺮ ﻧ ِﺼ ﺒﺎ‬،‫ﻀﻠ ُﮫ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ ِﮫ‬ ‫ِإﻧ ﺎرا ِﻟﻠ ِﺬي ﻓ‬
َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ
َ ‫ َو‬.‫ﺻ ْ َﺖ‬ َ ُ ْ
َ ‫َﻓ ُﺴ ﱠﺮ ﺑ َﺬﻟ َﻚ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻠ ُﻤﻮ َن َوﻗﺎﻟﻮا أ‬
َ
.‫ ِﺣ ن راﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬،‫ﺎن اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠ ُﻤﻮن ِإ َﻋ ِ ّ ٍ ﻗ ِﺮ ًﺒﺎ‬ ِ ِ ِ
(4240 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،719 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻏﺰوة ﺧﯿ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزي‬،‫)اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) narraed: … `Ali noticed a change in the people's

attitude towards him. So `Ali sought reconciliation with Abu Bakr and
gave him an oath of allegiance. `Ali had not given the oath of
allegiance during those months (i.e. the period between the Prophet's
death and Fatima's death) … On that `Ali said to Abu Bakr, "I promise
to give you the oath of allegiance in this after noon.” So when Abu
Bakr had offered the Zuhr prayer, he ascended the pulpit and uttered
the Tashah-hud and then mentioned the story of `Ali and his failure
to give the oath of allegiance, and excused him, accepting what
excuses he had offered; Then `Ali (got up) and praying (to Allah) for
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 277

forgiveness, he uttered Tashah-hud, praised Abu Bakr's right, and

said, that he had not done what he had done because of jealousy of
Abu Bakr or as a protest of that Allah had favored him with. `Ali added,
"But we used to consider that we too had some right in this affair (of
rulership) and that he (i.e. Abu Bakr) did not consult us in this matter,
and therefore caused us to feel sorry." On that all the Muslims
became happy and said, "You have done the right thing." The Muslims
then became friendly with `Ali as he returned to what the people had
done (i.e. giving the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr). (Al-Bukhari, Kitab
Al-Maghazi, Chapter of the Khaybar Battle, page 719, No. 4240)

According to this hadith, Hadhrat Ali (raz) described the greatness of

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) and his virtues along with making a pledge of
allegiance to him. This made all believers very happy. But, it is
regretful that the unity displayed by Hadhrat Ali (raz) was projected
later as an issue and the Muslim community was divided into groups.

It is written in the books of schools of thoughts that after the pledge

of allegiance, Hadhrat Ali (raz) neither put up any claim of governance
during the reigns of all three caliphs not expressed such a desire,
rather he used to cooperate all caliphs wholeheartedly and used to
give them right suggestions in order to keep all Muslim united.

It would have been so nice if we have been also united, following the
footsteps of Hadhrat Ali (raz), but regretfully we were divided into
groups and lost our unity.

Virtues of Hadhrat Ali (raz), Amir al-Muninin (Leader of the

Believers)

Amir al-Muninin Hadhrat Ali bin Abu Talib (may Allah be pleased with
him) is the fourth Caliph of Islam. He is part of Ahl al-Bait i.e. the family
of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. He possessed so many virtues, was very pious and
brave. He was one of the greatest scholars. He accompanied the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬throughout his life. He was misbehaved by the Khawarij
278 | Samarat al-Aqaid

sect and finally he was martyred by one of them in a very saddening

incident.

His merits and virtues are mentioned in several hadiths, some of

which are mentioned here:

ََ َْ َ ‫ َﻗ‬15
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ‬،‫ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ) ."‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِﻟ َﻌ ِ ّ ِ "أﻧ َﺖ ِﻣ ِ ّ َوأﻧﺎ ِﻣ ْﻨ َﻚ‬
‫ﺎل ﱠ‬
(3701 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،624 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬

Hadhrat Al-Bara bin 'Azib (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said to
Hadhrat 'Ali (raz): "You are from me, and I am from you." (Sahih Al-
Bukhari, Kitab al-Manaqibp. 624, No. 3701)

‫ﺎل ﱠ‬
" ٍ ّ ِ ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِﻟ َﻌ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑ ِﻴﮫ‬،‫ﻴﻢ ْﺑ َﻦ َﺳ ْﻌ ٍﺪ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ْﻌ ٍﺪ‬16
َ ‫ﺎل َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ إ ْﺑ َﺮا‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ْ َ َُ َ َ َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫أ َﻣﺎ ﺗ ْﺮ َ أ ْن ﺗ ﻮن ِﻣ ِ ّ ِﺑ َﻤ ِﻟ ِﺔ َ ُﺎرون ِﻣﻦ ُﻣﻮ‬
َ ْ
(3706 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،625 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬

Hadhrat Sad narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said to Hadhrat 'Ali (raz),
"Will you not be pleased from this that you are to me like Aaron was
to Moses?" (Al-Bukhari, Book of the Virtues of the Companions of the
Prophet, p. 625, No. 3706)

‫ ﻓﻤﻦ أراد اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻠﯿﺄت‬،‫ أﻧﺎﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ و ﻋ ﺑﺎﺑ ﺎ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬17
‫؛‬4637 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،137 ‫ ص‬، 3 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب و أﻣﺎ ﻗﺼﺔ اﻋ ال ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺔ‬،‫ )اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬.‫اﻟﺒﺎب‬
(11061 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،65 ‫ ص‬،11 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺠﺎ ﺪ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬، ‫اﻟﻄ ا ﯽ اﻟﮑﺒ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz), he said that

the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “I am the city of knowledge and 'Ali
is its gate. Whoever wants to acquire knowledge should come to the
gate (i.e. come to Hadhrat 'Ali).” (Al-Mustadrak for Al-Hakim, Part 3,
p. 137, No. 4637; Al-Tabarani Al-Kabeer, Bab Mujahid from Ibn Abbas,
Part 11, p. 65, No. 11061)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 279

This hadith says that Hadhrat Ali (raz) was a legendary scholar and
indeed he was so as his book Nahj al-Balaghal establishes the same.

Exaggeration Regarding Hadhrat Ali (raz) is Dangerous

Hadhrat Ali (raz) said: two types of people will be ruined regarding
myself; one due to my excessive love that they will even give me
preference over prophet and second due to my excessive enmity, as
the Khawarij sect did. Hadhrat Ali (raz) was reported to have said:

. ‫ و ﻣﻔﺮط ﻐ‬، ‫ ﻣﻔﺮط ﺣ‬:‫ ﯾ ﻠﮏ رﺟﻼن‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺣﺒﻮة ﻗﺎل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﯿﺎ ﯾﻘﻮل‬18
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،377 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﻋ ﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ‬، 6 ‫ ج‬،‫)ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬
(32134/32125

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Habwa, he said, "I have

heard from Hadhrat Ali (raz) that two kinds of people will perish about
me, one who is too much in my love and the other who is too much
in my enmity.” (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, Part 6, Book of Virtues,
Chapter of Virtues of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, p. 377, No. 32125/32134)

‫ و ﻟﯿﺒﻐﻀ ﻗﻮم‬، ‫ ﻟﯿﺤﺒ ﻗﻮم ﺣ ﯾﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻨﺎر ﺣ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺳﻮار اﻟﻌﺪوي ﻗﺎل‬19
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﻋ ﺑﻦ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ‬، 6 ‫ ج‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬. ‫ﺣ ﯾﺪﺧﻠﻮا اﻟﻨﺎر ﻐ‬
(32133/32124 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،377 ‫ ص‬،‫أ ﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abi Sawar al-Adawi, he said that

Hadhrat Ali (raz) said: “Some people will love me (too much) because
of which they will enter Hell, and some people will hate me too much
because of which they will enter Hell.” (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah,
Part 6, Book of Virtues, Chapter of Virtues of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, p. 377,
No. 32124/32133)
280 | Samarat al-Aqaid

This is fact that some people crossed the limit in love of Hadhrat Ali
(raz), while some others crossed the limit in hatred towards him.

The Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’at follow the moderate path; they love
Hadhrat Ali (raz) wholeheartedly, but they do not cross the limits and
do not give him preference over the prophets. They do not have any
iota of hatred towards him, rather give him much love and reverence.

Hadhrat Ali (raz) is the Wali (Friend) of all Believers

Some people have tried to establish from the following hadith that
Hadhrat Ali (raz) is wali (giver of help) and mushkil kusha (distress
remover), but the next part of hadith (O Allah, be enemy of one who
has enmity with him) denied this claim, as the word wali here means
‘friend’ and ‘beloved’, not mushkil kusha (distress remover). For
details, see the discussion in this book under title: Seeking Help from
other than Allah.

Some people have tried to prove from the following hadith that the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬declared him first Khalifa after him, but this is also true;
since wali means ‘friend’ and the hadith means that Hadhrat Ali (raz)
is friend of every believer. According to al-Munjid dictionary, wali
means: close, beloved.

The hadith is as follows:

ََ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ََ َ ْ
‫ﺎل أ ْﻗ َﺒﻠ َﻨﺎ َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ ِ َ ﱠ ِﺘ ِﮫ اﻟ ِ َ ﱠ ﻓ َ َل‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ َ َ ِاء ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋﺎ ِز ٍب‬20
ُ َ َْ ْ َ َ ََ َ َ َ ّ َ َ َ َ ََ ً َ َ ََ ‫ﱠ ََ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬. " ‫ﺎل " أﻟ ْﺴ ُﺖ أ ْو ِﺑﺎﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن ِﻣ ْﻦ أﻧ ُﻔ ِﺴ ِ ْﻢ‬‫ِ اﻟﻄ ِﺮ ِﻖ ﻓﺄﻣﺮ اﻟﺼﻼة ﺟ ِﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ِﺑﻴ ِﺪ ﻋ ِ ٍ ﻓﻘ‬
‫َ ﱠ‬ ََ َ َ َ َ ََ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ ََ َ َ ََ
‫ﺎل " ﻓ َ ﺬا َو ِ ﱡ َﻣ ْﻦ أﻧﺎ َﻣ ْﻮﻻ ُﻩ اﻟﻠ ُ ﱠﻢ َو ِال َﻣ ْﻦ‬‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﺑ‬. " ‫ﺎل " أﻟ ْﺴ ُﺖ أ ْو ِﺑ ِ ّﻞ ُﻣ ْﺆ ِﻣ ٍﻦ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ْﻔ ِﺴ ِﮫ‬ ‫ﻗ‬. ‫ﺑ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ
(116 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،19 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﻓﻀﻞ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫َواﻻ ُﻩ اﻟﻠ ُ ﱠﻢ َﻋ ِﺎد َﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ َﺎد ُاﻩ‬

It was narrated that Bara' bin 'Azib said: "We returned with the
Messenger of Allah from his Hajj that he had performed, and we
stopped at some point on the road. He commanded that prayer
should be performed in congregation, then he took the hand of 'Ali
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 281

and said: 'Am I not dearer to the believers than their own selves?'
They said: 'Yes indeed.' He said: 'Am I not dearer to every believer
than his own self?' They said: 'Yes indeed.' He said: 'This man is the
friend of those whose master I am.' O Allah, take as friends those who
take him as a friend, and take as enemies those who take him as an
enemy.'" (Ibn Majah, Fadl Ali bin Talib (raz), p. 19, No. 116)

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬says in this hadith: Ali is the wali of one for whom I
am wali. Then said: O Allah, be friend of one who is friend of Ali and
be enemy of one who is enemy of Ali.

It is to be noted that wali means ‘giver of help’ as well, but here the it
means ‘friend’. So wali neither means ‘giver of help’ nor ‘first caliph’
as it is evident from the words of the supplication.

Here is one verse of the Quran in which the word ‘maula’ (which is
synonym to wali) is used in the sense of ‘close friend’:

َ ‫ َﻳ ْﻮ َم َﻻ ُ ْﻐ َﻣ ْﻮ ً َﻋ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﻮ ً َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َوَﻻ ُ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْﻨ‬3

[44:41 ‫ﺼ ُﺮو َن ]اﻟﺪﺧﺎن‬ ِ
“the day when no close relation will be of any use to any close
relation, nor will they be helped” [44:41]

In view of this verse, it is exactly correct that the word wali is ‘close
one’.

Virtues of Amir al-Muninin Hadhrat Hasan (Raz) and Hadhrat

Hussain (Raz)

Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Hussain (may Allah be pleased with

them) are among the members of Ahl al-Bait and are the head of
youths in Jannah. They were amir al-Muminin as well, but they the
Syrians martyred them and this incidence has caused fierce disputes
among Muslims. I wish the varying groups reconcile with each other
and get united and the Arab countries are saved from disputes.
282 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is to be noted that the Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’at are have the

stand similar to the People of Madinah; they are neither participants
in the martyrdom of Hadhrat Hussain (raz) and Hadhrat Ali (raz) nor
were they present in Karbala, and neither they approve the same,
rather they regret this injustice upon them; therefore it is unfair to
blame the Ahl al-Sunnah.

Their virtues and merits are mentioned in several hadiths:

ْ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬21
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ " َﻣ ْﻦ أ َﺣ ﱠﺐ ا َ َﺴ َﻦ َوا ُ َﺴ ْ َن‬ ِ
َ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ا ﺴﻦ و ا ﺴ ن اﺑ ﻋ ﺑﻦ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.” ِ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ أﺣﺒ ِ وﻣﻦ أ ﻐﻀ ﻤﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ أ ﻐﻀ‬
(143 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،22 ‫ ص‬، ‫أ ﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) said: "The Messenger
of Allah said: 'Whoever loves Hasan and Husain, loves me; and
whoever hates them, hates me.'" (Ibn Majah, Bab Fadl Hassan and
Hussein sons of Hadhrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (raz), p. 22, No. 143)

.‫ ﻋﻦ أﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻦ ز ﺪ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ أﻧ ﺎن ﯾﺄﺧﺬە و ا ﺴﻦ و ﯾﻘﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻢ إ ﻲ أﺣ ﻤﺎ ﻓﺎﺣ ﻤﺎ‬22

،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬3747 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،631 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ا ﺴﻦ و ا ﺴ ن ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ‬،‫)اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(6256/2421 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،107 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ا ﺴﻦ و ا ﺴ ن ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Usama Bin Zaid (raz) that

the Prophet used to take Hadhrat Hussain and Hadhrat Hassan in his
arms and say, O Allah, I love them both, so you love them too.” (Al-
Bukhari, Chapter on the Virtues of Al-Hassan and Al-Hussain, may God
be pleased with them, p. 631, No. 3747; Sahih Muslim, chapter on the
Virtues of Al-Hassan and Al-Hussain, may God be pleased with them,
p. 107, No. 2421/6256)
َ ّ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ َْ ْ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُﻣﻮ‬23
‫ َرأ ْﻳ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻋ اﻟ ِﻤﻨ ِ وا ﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋ ِ ٍ ِإ‬...
ْ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َأ ْن ُﻳ‬
‫ﱠ َ ﱠً َ ََْ ُ ْ َ ََُ ُ ﱠ ْ َ َ َ ّ ٌ ََ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ ْ ُِ َ ْ َ ْ َ
‫ﺼ ِ َ ِﺑ ِﮫ‬ ‫ وﻟﻌﻞ‬،‫ﺎس ﻣﺮة وﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ أﺧﺮى و ﻘﻮل " ِإن اﺑ ِ ﺬا ﺳ ِﻴﺪ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ و ﻮ ﻳﻘ ِﺒﻞ ﻋ‬،‫ﺟﻨ ِﺒ ِﮫ‬
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 283

ْ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻟ ﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼ‬،‫ )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫َﺑ ْ َن ِﻓﺌ َﺘ ْ ِن َﻋ ِﻈ َﻴﻤ َﺘ ْ ِن ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠ ِﻤ َن‬
(2704 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،442 ‫ ص‬،‫ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬

Hadhrat Abu Musa narrated … "I saw Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬on the
pulpit and Al-Hasan bin `Ali was by his side. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was
looking once at the people and once at Al-Hasan bin `Ali saying, 'This
son of mine is a Saiyid (i.e. a noble) and may Allah make peace
between two big groups of Muslims through him." (Bukhari, Kitab al-
Sulh, p. 442, No. 2704)

So, Hadhrat Hasan (raz) reconciled between two warring groups.

‫ ا ﺴﻦ و ا ﺴ ن ﺳﯿﺪا ﺷﺒﺎب أ ﻞ ا ﻨﺔ و أﺑﻮ ﻤﺎ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬24
(118 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،19 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.‫ﺧ ﻣﻦ ﻤﺎ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ibn Umar (raz) that the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Hassan and Hussain are the leaders of
the youths in Paradise, and their father, Ali is better than both of
them.” (Ibn Majah, Bab Fadl Ali bin Talib, p. 19, No. 118)

‫ أﻧﺎ ﺳﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻟﻌ و ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ و ا ﺴﻦ و ا ﺴ ن‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ز ﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻷرﻗﻢ ﻗﺎل‬25
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ا ﺴﻦ وا ﺴ ن اﺑ ﻋ ﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.‫ﺳﺎﻟﻤﺘﻢ و ﺣﺮب ﻟﻤﻦ ﺣﺎر ﺘﻢ‬
(145 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،22 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻗ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Zayd ibn al-Arqam (raz), he

said: “The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said to 'Ali, Fatima, Hasan and
Hussain, "I will make peace with those with whom you will make
peace, and I will have war against those with whom you have a war."
(Ibn Majah Sharif, Bab Fazl al-Hasan wal-Hussein Ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib,
p. 22, No. 145)

It is evident that Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’at have no enmity with

Hadhrat Ali, Hadhrat Fatimah, Hadhrat Hasan and Hadhrat Hussain
(may Allah be pleased with them), rather love and respect them;
284 | Samarat al-Aqaid

therefore blaming them with enmity is unacceptable, but did not

transgress the limits.

Virtues of Hadhrat Khadijah (Raz)

Had Hadhrat Khadijah, the mother of believers, been alive he would

have been among the Ahl al-Bait and would have got the virtue of
tatheer (purification) mentioned in the verse, as she also has been the
wife of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. The verse of tatheer was revealed after her
death:
ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ ّ ُ َُْ َ ُْ ُ‫ﱠَ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺲ أ ْ َﻞ اﻟ َﺒ ْ ِﺖ َو ُ ﻄ ِّ َﺮﻛ ْﻢ ﺗﻄ ِ ً ا ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬‫اﻟﺮﺟ‬
ِ ‫ ِإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳ ِﺮ ﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ ِﻟﻴﺬ ِ ﺐ ﻋﻨﻜﻢ‬3
[33:33

“Allah only intends to keep (all sorts of) filth away from you, O
members of the family (of the prophet), and to make you pure
through a perfect purification.” [33:33]

Had she been alive at the revelation of this verse, she also would been
included among the Ahl al-Bait. However, she is the mother of all
believers.

It is mentioned in hadith:

،‫ ﺧ ﺴﺎﺋ ﺎ ﺧﺪﯾﺠﺔ ﺑ ﺖ ﺧﻮ ﻠﺪ‬:‫ ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻋ ﺑﻦ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﯾﻘﻮل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﯾﻘﻮل‬26
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ﺧﺪﯾﺠﺔ ﻗ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫و ﺧ ﺴﺎﺋ ﺎ ﻣﺮ ﻢ ﺑ ﺖ ﻋﻤﺮان‬
(3877 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،875 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Ali (raz) said that he heard the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬saying:
“Khadijah ibn Khuwaylid is the best of all women, and Maryam bint
Imran is the best of all the women of the Children of Israel.” (Al-
Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Manaqib, Bab Fadl Khadija, p. 875, No. 3877)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 285

Hadhrat Khadijah (raz) has secured so much of virtue. She extended

her support to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in early days of Islam and has been a
source of solace for him. May Allah grant her best rewards, Amen!

Virtues of Hadhrat Ayishah (Raz)

Hadhrat Ayishah is also among the Ahl al-Bait and she also deserves
respect just like other members of Ahl al-Bait. Moreover, she is
beloved wife of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and the mother of all believers;
therefore her insult to any extent is unlawful and forbidden.

Would anyone tolerate insult of his wife? It is unacceptable to abuse

the wife of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in love of his daughter and son in law. Had
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬been alive, would he have allowed this insult?

If there occurred some dispute between Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) and

Hadhrat Ali (raz), it can be considered an ijtihadi mistake, it should be
pardoned in order to unite the Ummah against the non-Muslims.

Here is one verse regarding Hadhrat Ayishah (raz):

ُ ٌ ْ ُ ْ ْ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
[24:11‫ﺼ َﺒﺔ ِﻣ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ ]اﻟﻨﻮر‬‫ﺎﻹﻓ ِﻚ ﻋ‬
ِ ‫ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﺟﺎءوا ِﺑ‬4
َْ َ َْ‫ﱡ‬
ٌ ‫اﻵ ِﺧ َﺮ ِة َو َﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻋ َﺬ‬ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُْ َ ُْ َ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫اب‬ ‫ﺎت ﻟ ِﻌ ُﻨﻮا ِ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ و‬ ِ ‫ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺮﻣﻮن ا ﺼﻨ‬
ِ ‫ﺎت اﻟﻐﺎ ِﻓﻼ ِت اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨ‬
ٌ ‫َﻋ ِﻈ‬
[24:23‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻨﻮر‬

َ ّ ‫ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠَّ ُ ﱠّ َ َ ﱠُّ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻠﻄ‬ ِ ‫ا ِﺒ ﺜﺎت ِﻟ ِﺒ ِﺜ ن وا ِﺒ ﺜﻮن ِﻟ ِﺒ ﺜ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﺎت واﻟﻄ ِﻴﺒﺎت ِﻟﻠﻄ ِﻴ ِﺒ ن واﻟﻄ ِﻴﺒﻮن ِﻟ‬
‫ﺎت‬
َ ٌ ٌ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ
[24:26‫أوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ ُﻣ َ ﱠ ُءون ِﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ َﻳ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻣﻐ ِﻔ َﺮة َو ِر ْزق ﻛ ِﺮ ٌﻢ ]اﻟﻨﻮر‬

“Those who have come up with the false imputation are a gang
among you.” [24:11]
286 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Surely, those who level a false charge against the chaste, natve and
believing women are cursed in this world and the Hereafter, and for
them there is a mighty punishment.” [24:23]

“Vile women are for vile men, and vile men are for vile women; and
good women are for good men, and good men are for good women.
Those are free from what they (the accusers) say. For them there is
forgiveness, and a graceful provision.” [24:26]

In the War with Banu al-Mustalaq, Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) accidently

remained behind the caravan, later she was guided by Hadhrat
Safwan bin Muatal (raz) and joined the caravan. This led Abdullah bin
Ubai bin Salool to accuse her of adultery. Later, Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬revealed the
abovementioned verses in which He described the innocence of
Hadhrat Ayishah (raz). Therefore, it is grave injustice to accuse her of
such an abhorring act.
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺎن َ ْﺴﺄ ُل ِ َﻣ َﺮ ِﺿ ِﮫ اﻟ ِﺬي‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬27
‫ﺎن‬ ُ ‫ َﻓ َﺄذ َن َﻟ ُﮫ َأ ْز َو‬،‫ ُﻳﺮ ُﺪ َﻳ ْﻮ َم َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬." ‫ﺎت ﻓﻴﮫ " َأ ْﻳ َﻦ َأ َﻧﺎ َﻏ ًﺪا َأ ْﻳ َﻦ َأ َﻧﺎ َﻏ ًﺪا‬
َ َ ‫ َﻓ‬،‫اﺟ ُﮫ َﻳ ُ ﻮ ُن َﺣ ْﻴ ُﺚ َﺷ َﺎء‬ َ ‫َﻣ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ‫ﻀﮫ‬ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ َﺒ‬، ‫ﺎن َﻳ ُﺪو ُر َﻋ َ ﱠ ﻓﻴﮫ َﺑ ْﻴ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎت ْاﻟ َﻴ ْﻮم ﱠاﻟﺬي‬ َ ‫ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻋﺎ َﺸ ُﺔ َﻓ َﻤ‬.‫ﺎت ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َ ﺎ‬ َ ‫َﺑ ْ ﺖ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ َﺣ ﱠ َﻣ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺮض اﻟﻨ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزي‬،‫ )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ َوﺧﺎﻟﻂ ِر ُﻘ ُﮫ ِر ِﻘﻲ‬،‫ َو ِ ﱠن َرأ َﺳ ُﮫ ﻟ َﺒ ْ َن ﻧ ْﺤ ِﺮي َو َ ْ ِﺮي‬،‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬
(4450 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬، 756 ‫ ص‬، ‫و وﻓﺎﺗ‬

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) narrated: “During his fatal ailment, Allah's

Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬, used to ask his wives, "Where shall I stay tomorrow?
Where shall I stay tomorrow?" He was looking forward to Aisha's turn.
So all his wives allowed him to stay where he wished, and he stayed
at `Aisha's house till he died there. `Aisha added: He died on the day
of my usual turn at my house. Allah took him unto Him while his head
was between my chest and my neck and his saliva was mixed with my
saliva.” (Al-Bukhari, Kitab Al-Maghazi, Chapter of the Prophet’s
Sickness and Death, p. 756, No. 4450)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 287

Hadhrat Ayishah (raz) was so beloved to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬that he used

to wait for his turn to spend night with her. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬spent his
last time in her house and took his last breath in her lap.
ََ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ ْﺑﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ‬28
‫ﺎل َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮل "ﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ﻋ‬ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ََ ‫ّ َ َ َ ْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫اﻟ ِ ﺴ ِﺎء ﻛﻔﻀ ِﻞ اﻟ ِ ِﻳﺪ ﻋ ﺳ ِﺎﺋ ِﺮ اﻟﻄﻌ ِﺎم‬
(3770 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،633 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) narrated that he heard the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
saying, "The superiority of `Aisha to other ladies is like the superiority
of Tharid to other kinds of food." (al-Bukhari, Book of the Virtues of
the Companions of the Prophet, Bab Fadl Aisha (raz), p. 633, No. 3770)

These hadiths describe the virtues and merits of Hadhrat Ayishah

(raz).

Virtues of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (Raz)

Amir al-Muminin Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) accompanied the Prophet

(‫ )ﷺ‬and extended all his support to him. He rendered great services
for Islam. Due to his wisdom, thoughtfulness and bravery, the Ummah
escaped division just after the departure of the Prophet (‫;)ﷺ‬
otherwise Muslims must have faced a situation similar to what
happened during the last period of Hadhrat Ali (raz).

The virtues of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) are as follows:

َ ْ َ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ َ ْ ُ ُو ُ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ُو‬
‫ ِإﻻ ﺗﻨﺼﺮ ﻩ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻧﺼﺮﻩ اﻟﻠﮫ ِإذ أﺧﺮﺟﮫ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﻔﺮ ا ﺛﺎ ِ ﻲ اﺛﻨ ِن ِإذ ﻤﺎ ِ اﻟﻐ ِﺎر‬5
‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ ‫إ ْذ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل ﻟ‬
[9:40 ‫ﺎﺣ ِﺒ ِﮫ ﻻ ﺗ ْﺤ َﺰن ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻣ َﻌ َﻨﺎ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬‫ﺼ‬
ِ ِ ِ
288 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“If you do not help him, (it makes no difference to the Prophet,
because) Allah has already helped him when the disbelievers expelled
him, and he was the second of the two, when they were in the cave,
and he was saying to his companion, .Do not grieve. Allah is surely
with us.” (9:40)

This verse was revealed regarding Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) as he was
accompanying the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in Thaur Cave.

It is mentioned in hadith as well:

‫ ﻋﻦ اﻟ اء ﻗﺎل اﺷ ی أﺑﻮ ﺑﮑﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎزب رﺣﻼ ․․․․․ ﺬ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻗﺪ ﻘﻨﺎ ﯾﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻓﻘﺎل‬29
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ اﻟﻤ ﺎﺟﺮ ﻦ و‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﻻ ﺗﺤﺰن إن اﻟﻠ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ‬
(3653/3652 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،613 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻓﻀﻠ ﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Al-Baraa (bin Aazib – raz):

“Hadhrat Abu Bakr bought a camel from Aazib ... these are the ones
who are looking for us who have come near us O Messenger of Allah,
so the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, Abu Bakr do not grieve, Allah is with us.”
(al-Bukhari, Book of the Virtues of the Companions of the Prophet,
Bab Manaqib al-Muhajirin, p. 613, No. 3652/3653)

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬trusted his planning and company, so he chose him

as his companion during his critical journey of migration to Madinah.
He accomplished this task very perfectly and reached Madinah safely
with the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
ْ ْ ُ َ ‫ُْ ْ َ ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ َوَﻻ َﻳ ْﺄ َﺗﻞ ُأ ُوﻟﻮ ْاﻟ َﻔ‬6
‫اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮَ ﻰ َواﻟ َﻤ َﺴ ِﺎﻛ َن‬ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻌ ِﺔ أ ْن ُﻳ ْﺆ ُﺗﻮا أ ِو‬‫ﻀ ِﻞ ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ و‬ ِ
‫َْ َ ﱠُ َُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
ُ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ َْ َ ‫ﱠ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ُ ﱡ‬ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ
‫ﻐ ِﻔﺮ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟﻜﻢ و‬ ‫ن‬
‫واﻟﻤ ِﺎﺟ ِﺮ ﻦ ِ ﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻟﻴﻌﻔﻮا وﻟﻴﺼﻔﺤﻮا أﻻ ﺗ ِﺤﺒﻮ أن‬
َ
[24:22‫ﻏ ُﻔﻮ ٌر َر ِﺣﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻨﻮر‬

“The men of grace and wealth among you should not swear against
giving (their charitable gifts) to the kinsmen and the poor and to those
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 289

who have migrated in the way of Allah, and they should forgive and
forego. Do you not like that Allah forgives you? Allah is Most-
Forgiving, Very-Merciful.” [24:22]

Hadhrat Mistah bin Uthatha (raz) was a cousin of Hadhrat Abu Bakr
(raz), whom Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) used to regularly help him. He
also indulged in the accusation of Hadhrat Ayishah (raz)
unintentionally. So, swore by Allah that he will not help him in future.
Upon this, the abovementioned verse was revealed. Then, Hadhrat
Abu Bakr (raz) revoked his words and continued his financial help. This
is one of the virtues of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) that these verses were
revealed regarding him.

. ‫ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻮ ﮐﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﺨﺬا ﺧﻠﯿﻼ ﻻﺗﺨﺬت أﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺮ و ﻟﮑﻦ أ و ﺻﺎﺣ‬30
(3656 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،614 ،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻟﻮ ﮐﻨﺖ ﻣﺘﺨﺬا ﺧﻠﯿﻼ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ibn 'Abbas (raz) that the Holy
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “If I make Khalil (close friend), I will make Abu Bakr
my Khalil, but he is my brother and my companion.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari,
p. 614, No. 3656)

‫ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺬﯾﻔﺔ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ اﻗﺘﺪوا ﺑﺎﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻌﺪی ا ﯽ ﺑﮑﺮ و ﻋﻤﺮ ۔ )ﺳ ن‬31
(3662 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،834 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻗﺘﺪوا ﺑﺎﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻌﺪي أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ و ﻋﻤﺮ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺐ‬،‫اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Hudhaifah (raz) that the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Follow the two who came after me i.e.
Abu Bakr and Umar. (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Manaqib, p. 834, No.
3662)
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس ﺧ ْ ٌ َ ْﻌ َﺪ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
َ ‫ﺎل ُﻗ ْﻠ ُﺖ َﻷ ﻲ َأ ﱡى ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ِﺪ ْاﺑﻦ ا ْ َ َﻨ ِﻔ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‬32
ِ ِ ِ
ُ ‫ﺎل ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺧﺸ ُﺖ َأ ْن َأ ُﻗﻮ َل ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ َل ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬
ُ‫ﺎن َﻓ ُﻘ ْﻠﺖ‬ َ ‫ﺎل ُﻗ ْﻠ ُﺖ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫ﺎل ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫ﺎل َأ ُﺑﻮ َﺑ ْﻜﺮ‬
َ ‫َﻗ‬
ِ ٍ
َ ْ ُْ َ ٌ ُ َ ‫ُ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ص‬، ‫ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺛﻢ أﻧﺖ ﻳﺎ أﺑ ِﺔ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺎ أﻧﺎ ِإﻻ رﺟﻞ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴ ِﻠ ِﻤ ن‬
(4629 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،654 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﻀﯿﻞ‬،‫؛ أﺑﻮ داؤد‬3671 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،616
290 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyyah (raz) said: I said to my father:

Which of the people after the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬is best? He
replied: Abu Bakr. I then asked: Who comes next? He said: ‘Umar. I
was then afraid of asking him who came next, and he might mention
‘Uthman, so I said: You came next, O my father? He said: I am only a
man among the Muslims. (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Virtues of the
Companions of the Prophet, p. 616, No. 3671; Abu Dawud, Bab al-
Tafzil, p.654, No. 4629)

According to this narration, Hadhrat Ali (raz) admitted the virtues of

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (‫)ﷺ‬, then how others can deny it.

‫ ﺛﻢ‬، ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻋﻤﺮ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻗﺎل ﮐﻨﺎ ﻧﺨ ﺑ ن اﻟﻨﺎس زﻣﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻓﻨﺨ أﺑﺎ ﺑﮑﺮ‬33
(3655 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،614 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﻓﻀﻞ أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ ﻌﺪ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ر اﻟﻠ ﻋ ﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ibn 'Umar (raz), he said: “We

used to compare the people as to who was better during the lifetime
of Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬. We used to regard Abu Bakr as the best,
then `Umar, and then `Uthman.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Fadl Abi Bakr Baad
Al-Nabi, p. 614, No. 3655)

ُ َ ْ َ ََ ‫ﺎل ُﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ َﻧ ُﻘﻮ ُل َز َﻣﻦ ﱠ‬َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ‬34

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻻ ْﻌ ِﺪ ُل ِﺑﺄ ِ ﻲ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ أ َﺣ ًﺪا ﺛ ﱠﻢ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ُ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
َ ْ ‫ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤﺎن ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻧ ُ ك أ‬
ُ ْ َ ُ َ
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬. ‫ﺎب اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻻ ﺗﻔﺎﺿ َﻞ َﺑ ْﻴ ُ ْﻢ‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﻀﯿﻞ‬،‫؛ أﺑﻮ داؤد‬3698 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬، 622 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻔﺎن أ ﻲ ﻋﻤﺮ اﻟﻘﺮ‬
(4628 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،654 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Ibn ‘Umar (raz) said: “We used to say in the times of the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬: We do not compare anyone with Abu Bakr. ’Umar came
next and then ‘Uthman. We then would leave (rest of) the
companions of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬without treating any as superior to
other.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Chapter of the Virtues of Othman bin Affan,
p. 622, No. 3698; Abu Dawud, Bab al-Tafzil, page 654, No. 4628)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 291

These hadiths say that Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz), Hadhrat Umar (raz),
Hadhrat Uthman (raz) and Hadhrat Ali (raz) used to be considered
respectable respectively and the Ummah chose them khalifah
(successors of the Prophet ‫ )ﷺ‬in the same order, thus they neither
made any mistake nor encroached upon one’s rights.

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) was Superior to all Sahaba

‫ ﻓﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﻠ أﺑﻮ ﺑﮑﺮ و أﺛ ﻋﻠﯿ ․․․․․․ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻞ ﻧ ﯿﻌﮏ أﻧﺖ ﺳﯿﺪﻧﺎ و ﺧ ﻧﺎ و أﺣﺒﻨﺎ إ‬35
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﯿﺪە ﻓﺒﺎ ﻌ و ﺑﺎ ﻌ اﻟﻨﺎس‬،‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬
(3668 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،616 ‫ص‬

“Abu Bakr praised Allah and chanted His glory... Umar said that we
swear allegiance to you, you are our leader, you are the best among
us, and you are the most beloved of the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬. So,
Umar took the hand of Abu Bakr and swore allegiance to him, and the
people also swore allegiance to him.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of
Virtues of the Companions, p. 616, No. 3668)

In this narration, Hadhrat Umar (raz) said that Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz)
was better than us and closer to the Prophet (‫ ;)ﷺ‬therefore he was
chosen his successor (khalifah) after his departure.

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) Led the Funeral Prayer of Hadhrat

Fatimah (raz)

It is mentioned in a weak hadith that Hadhrat Ali (raz) requested

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) to lead the funeral prayer of Hadhrat Fatimah
(raz). This established the virtue of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) that
Hadhrat Ali (raz) requested him to lead the funeral prayer of Hadhrat
Fatimah. As it is mentioned in a narration:
292 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﻌ أن ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ دﻓ ﺎ ﻋ ﻟﯿﻼ و أﺧﺬ ﺑﻀﺒ أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ اﻟﺼﺪﯾﻖ ﻓﻘﺪﻣ ﻌ‬36
، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻮا أﺣﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼة ﻋ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟﺒ ﻘﻲ‬.‫اﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﯿ ﺎ‬
(6896 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،46 ‫ ص‬،4 ‫ج‬

It is narrated on the authority of al-Sha'bi: “When Hadhrat Fatima

(raz) died, Hadhrat Ali (raz) buried her at night. And he took the
shoulders of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) and carried him forward, that is,
to lead the funeral prayer of Hadhrat Fatima (raz).” (Al-Bayhaqi, Book
of Funerals, p. 46, No. 6896)

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) and Hadhrat Umar (raz) are Fathers in
Law of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) and Hadhrat Umar (raz) are fathers in law of
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as their daughters were married to the Prophet (‫;)ﷺ‬
therefore one cannot abuse them, who will tolerate that someone
abuses his father in law?

The Muslims remained undivided owing to their wise leadership. Had

their reign been void of wisdom and power there would have been
the disturbances in the period of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) similar to
those that occurred in the period of Hadhrat Ali (raz).

Virtues of Amir al-Muminin Hadhrat Umar (raz)

َ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ‬
‫َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ
‫ﺎن ِﻓﻴ َﻤﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺎل َرﺳﻮل‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ ﻗﺎل ﻗ‬37
َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ُ َُ َ
." ‫ ﻓ ِﺈ ْن َﻳ ُﻚ ِ أ ﱠﻣ ِ أ َﺣ ٌﺪ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ‬،‫ﻗ ْﺒﻠﻜ ْﻢ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻷ َﻣ ِﻢ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﺪﺛﻮن‬

َ‫ﺎن َﻗ ْﺒ َﻠ ُﻜ ْﻢ ﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ إ ْﺳ َﺮ ِاﺋﻴﻞ‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ‬

َ َ ‫ﺎن ﻓ َﻴﻤ ْﻦ‬ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬َ َ َ َ َ َ َْ ُ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ َ
ِ
ُ َ ِ َ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗ‬،‫ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬
َ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ‫َ ٌ َﱠ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ ﻓ ِﺈ ْن َﻳﻜ ْﻦ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ﱠﻣ ِ ِﻣ ْ ُ ْﻢ أ َﺣ ٌﺪ ﻓ ُﻌ َﻤ ُﺮ‬،‫ﺎل ُﻳ ﻠ ُﻤﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻏ ْ ِ أ ْن َﻳ ﻮﻧﻮا أﻧ ِ َﻴ َﺎء‬‫ِرﺟ‬
(3689 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،620 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺐ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا ﻄﺎب‬،‫ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated:

18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 293

Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Among the nations before you there

used to be people who were inspired (though they were not
prophets). And if there is any of such a persons amongst my followers,
it is 'Umar."

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated: “The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Among

the nation of Bani Israel who lived before you, there were men who
used to be inspired with guidance though they were not prophets,
and if there is any of such persons amongst my followers, it is 'Umar."
(Al-Bukhari, Book of Virtues of the Companions of the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬,
Manaqib Umar Bin Al-Khattab, p. 620, No. 3689)

There are some more virtues which you can see under the hadiths
mentioned under the title “Virtues of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz)”.

Hadhrat Umar (raz) is the Son in Law of Hadhrat Ali (raz)

One of the his virtues is that Hadhrat Umar (raz) married Hadhrat
Umm Kulthum (raz), the daughter of Hadhrat Ali (raz) and Hadhrat
Fatimah (raz) in 17 Hijra; therefore there is no question to abuse him
as he was chosen by Hadhrat Ali (raz) as his son in law.

It is mentioned in hadith:
ً َ
‫ﺎب ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ ﻗ َﺴ َﻢ ُﻣ ُﺮوﻃﺎ َﺑ ْ َن ِ َﺴ ٍﺎء ِﻣ ْﻦ‬
‫ﱠ ََُ َْ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻄ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ ‫ﺎﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬َ ‫ﺎل َ ْﻌ َﻠ َﺒ ُﺔ ْﺑ ُﻦ َأ ﻲ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬38
ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ‫ﺎل َﻟ ُﮫ َ ْﻌ‬
َ ‫ط َﺟ ّﻴ ٌﺪ َﻓ َﻘ‬ ٌ ْ َ ََ َ َْ َ
‫ﺾ َﻣ ْﻦ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻩ َﻳﺎ أ ِﻣ َ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن أ ْﻋ ِﻂ َ ﺬا ْاﺑ َﻨﺔ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل‬ ِ ‫ ﻓﺒ ِﻘﻲ ِﻣﺮ‬،‫ِ ﺴ ِﺎء اﻟﻤ ِﺪﻳﻨ ِﺔ‬
َ َ ُ ُ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬. ّ ‫ ُﻳﺮ ُﺪو َن ُأ ﱠم ُ ْﻠ ُﺜﻮم ﺑ ْ َﺖ َﻋ‬.‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﱠاﻟ ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َك‬ ‫ﱠ‬
.‫ﻴﻂ أ َﺣ ﱡﻖ‬ ٍ ‫ﺎل ﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ أ ﱡم ﺳ ِﻠ‬ ٍِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
،476 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟ ﺴﺎء اﻟﻘﺮب إ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟﻐﺰو‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺎد و اﻟﺴ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(2881 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Tha`laba bin Abi Malik narrated: "`Umar bin Al-Khattab distributed

some garments amongst the women of Medina. One good garment
remained, and one of those present with him said, "O chief of the
believers! Give this garment to your wife, the (grand) daughter of
294 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬." They meant Um Kulthum, the daughter of

`Ali. `Umar said, Um Salit has more right (to have it)." (Sahih Al-
Bukhari, Kitab al-Jihad wa al-Siyar, p. 476, No. 2881)

This hadith says that Hadhrat Umm Kulthum (raz) was his wife.
َ ْ ُُْ ُ ُ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ﺎل َأ ْﻧ َﺒ َﺄ َﻧﺎ ْاﺑ ُﻦ ُﺟ َﺮْ ﺞ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬39
‫ َو ُو ِﺿ َﻌ ْﺖ َﺟ َﻨﺎ َزة أ ِ ّم ﻠﺜ ٍﻮم ِﺑ ِﺖ َﻋ ِ ّ ٍ ْاﻣ َﺮأ ِة ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ْﺑ ِﻦ‬... ‫ﺎل َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﻧ ِﺎﻓ ًﻌﺎ‬
َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ً َ َ ُ ٌ َْ ٍُ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ‫ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﻲ‬.‫ﺎص‬ ِ ‫اﻹﻣﺎم ﻳﻮﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ ﺳ ِﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﺎب واﺑ ٍﻦ ﻟ ﺎ ﻳﻘﺎل ﻟﮫ ز ﺪ و ِﺿﻌﺎ ﺟ ِﻤﻴﻌﺎ و‬ ِ ‫ا ﻄ‬
(1980 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،278 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﺟﻨﺎﺋﺰ اﻟﺮﺟﺎل و اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬،‫ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬

Ibn Juraij said: "I heard Nafay… And the body of Umm Kulthum bint
'Ali the wife of 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, and a son of hers called Zaid
were placed together. The Imam that day was Saeed bin Al-Aas."
(Sunan Al-Nasa’i, KItab al-Janayiz, p. 278, No. 1980)

This narration says that Hadhrat Umm Kulthum (raz) was the wife of
Hadhrat Umar (raz) and she was married to him in 17 Hijra.

When Hadhrat Ali (raz) chose Hadhrat Umar (raz) as his son in law,
then we need not make hue and cry and therefore we should not fight
each other and make divisions among the Muslims.

Virtues of Amir al-Muminin Hadhrat Uthman (raz)

َ َ
‫ﺎﺷ ًﻔﺎ َﻋ ْﻦ ﻓ ِﺨﺬ ْﻳ ِﮫ‬
َ َْ َ ْ ُ
‫ﻀﻄ ِﺠ ًﻌ ِﺎ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻣ‬ َ َ ‫ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ‬،‫ َأ ﱠن َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬40
ِ ِ ‫ﺑﻴ‬ َ َ
ِ
ُ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ
َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َد َﺧ َﻞ ُﻋﺜ َﻤﺎن ﻓ َﺠﻠ ْﺴﺖ َو َﺳ ﱠﻮ ْ ﺖ ِﺛ َﻴ َﺎﺑﻚ ﻓﻘ‬...
َ َ ْ
." ‫ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ اﻟ َﻤﻼ ِﺋﻜﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺴﺘ‬
ْ
‫ﺎل " أﻻ أ ْﺳﺘ ِ ِﻣﻦ َر ُﺟ ٍﻞ‬ َ ُ
(6209/2401 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1056 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) reported: Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was lying in the

bed in my apartment with his thigh uncovered … then `Uthman
entered and you got up and set your clothes right, so he (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
Should I not show modesty to one whom even the Angels show
modesty.” (Sahih Muslim, Book of the Virtues of the Companions, p.
1056, No. 2401/6209)
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 295

ْ ٌ َ ّ َ ّ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﻴﻖ ِ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ َو َر ِﻓﻴ ِﻘﻲ‬‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ ﻗﺎل " ِﻟ ِﻞ ﻧ ِ ٍ ر ِﻓ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮة‬41
،17 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ﺎن‬ َ ‫ﺎن ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠﻔ‬ُ ‫ﻓ َ ﺎ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬
ِ
(109 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) that the Messenger
of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "Every Prophet will have a friend in Paradise, and my
friend there will be 'Uthman bin 'Affan." (Ibn Majah, Book of
Introduction, Bab Fadl Othman (raz), p. 17, No. 109)

َ ‫ِﺪ َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎل َ"ﻳﺎ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱠ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻟﻘ َﻲ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬
ْ ‫ﺎن ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َﺑﺎب ْاﻟ َﻤ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬42
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ْ ََ َ ‫ْ َ َ ُ َﱠ‬ ُُْ ‫ُْ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ ََْ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ْ َﱠ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ )اﺑﻦ‬." ‫ُ ﺒ ِ َ ﺎ‬
َ ‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﺬا ِﺟ ِ ﻳﻞ أﺧ ِ ﻲ أن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻗﺪ زوﺟﻚ أم ﻠﺜ ٍﻮم ِﺑ ِﻤﺜ ِﻞ ﺻﺪ ِاق رﻗﻴﺔ ﻋ ِﻣﺜ ِﻞ‬
(110 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،18 ‫ ص‬،‫ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) that the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
met 'Uthman at the door of the mosque and said: "O 'Uthman! Jibril
has told me that Allah married you to Umm Kulthum for a dowry like
that of Ruqayyah, provided that you treat her as you treated
Ruqayyah". (Ibn Majah, Book of Introduction, Bab Fadl Othman (raz),
p. 18, No. 110)

Hadhrat Uthman (raz) Was so Close to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬that he

Married him his Second Daughter too
َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ َﻋ ﻗ ْ ِ ْاﺑ ِﺘ ِﮫ اﻟﺜ ِﺎﻧ َﻴ ِﺔ اﻟ ِ ﺎﻧ ْﺖ‬ ‫وﻗﻒ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬43
َ َ
َ ‫ َﻓﻠ ْﻮ ُﻛ ﱠﻦ َﻋ ْﺸ ًﺮا ﻟ َﺰ ﱠو ْﺟ ُ ُ ﱠﻦ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬،‫ﺎن‬
‫ﺎن َو َﻣﺎ َز ﱠو ْﺟ ُﺘ ُﮫ‬ ُ ‫ َأﻻ َأ َﺑﺎ َأ ّﻳﻢ َأﻻ َأ َﺧﺎ َأ ّﻳﻢ َﺗ َﺰ ﱠو َﺟ َ ﺎ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬:‫ﺎل‬
َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬،‫ﺎن‬َ ‫ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬
ٍِ ٍِ ِ
َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬
َ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬،‫ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ ﻟ ِﻘ َﻲ ُﻋﺜ َﻤﺎن ِﻋﻨﺪ َﺑﺎب اﻟ َﻤ ْ ِﺪ‬ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
َ ‫ َو ن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠﮫ‬،‫اﻟﺴ َﻤﺎء‬ َ ْ َ
‫ َﻳﺎ‬:‫ﺎل‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِإﻻ ِﺑﻮ ٍ ِﻣﻦ ﱠ‬
ْ ََ َ َ َْ ُ َ َ ْ ََ ُُْ ‫ُْ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ َ ْ َﱠ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺬا ِﺟ ِ ﻳﻞ ﻳﺨ ِ ِ ﻲ أن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﻗﺪ زوﺟﻚ أم ﻠﺜ ٍﻮم ﻋ ِﻣﺜ ِﻞ ﺻﺪ ِاق رﻗﻴﺔ وﻋ ِﻣﺜ ِﻞ‬،‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎن‬
‫رﻗﻢ‬،436 ‫ ص‬،22 ‫ ج‬،‫ )اﻟﻤ ﻢ اﻟﻜﺒ ﻟﻠﻄ ا ﻲ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أم ﻠﺜﻮم ﺑ ﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬.‫ُ ْ َﺒ ِ َ ﺎ‬
(1063

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) said: “The Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was standing
at the grave of his second daughter who was in the marriage of
296 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Uthman. He said: Had I got ten daughters, I would have married them
with 'Uthman, the marriage was made with him due to revelation
from heaven. When he met Uthman at the entrance of the mosque,
he said, "O Uthman, this is Gabriel; he is reporting that Allah married
you with Umm Kalthum for a dowry like that of Ruqayyah, and that
you treat her as you treated Ruqayyah". (Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir by al-
Tabarani, Musnad Umm Kulthum (raz), Part 22, p. 436, No. 1063)

This hadith mentions three main points:

(1) The Nikah of Hadhrat Umm Kulthum (raz) was solemnized by

Allah.
(2) How close was Hadhrat Uthman (raz) to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬that
he said: had he had ten daughters, would love to marry them
one after one with Uthman.
(3) Hadhrat Uthman (raz) was so kind with Hadhrat Ruqayya
(raz), therefore the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said that he got Umm
Kulthum (raz) married with him in a hope that she will also be
treated like Ruqayya (raz).

This is mentioned with special emphasis; because some people

accuse Hadhrat Uthman to mistreat the daughters of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
God forbid, had the situation been so, why would the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
marry away his second daughter with him, and why would he have
said: had he had ten daughters, would love to marry them one after
one with Uthman. Therefore, these are baseless blames and
accusations, which must be avoided.

We Should Love all Relatives of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬

We should love and respect all the relatives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬who
died with Islam. This was mentioned in a verse; therefore it is part of
iman (faith) and it is not right to exclude anyone of them. The Qur’an
says:
18 – Love of the Prophet’s Family is Part of Iman | 297

َ َ ً ْ َ ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َُ َ َ ُ
‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ﻻ أ ْﺳﺄﻟﻜ ْﻢ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ أ ْﺟ ًﺮا ِإﻻ اﻟ َﻤ َﻮ ﱠدة ِ اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮَ ﻰ َو َﻣ ْﻦ َﻳ ْﻘ ِف َﺣ َﺴ َﻨﺔ ﻧ ِﺰ ْد ﻟ ُﮫ ِﻓ َ ﺎ‬7
[42:23 ‫ُﺣ ْﺴ ًﻨﺎ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬

“Say, .I do not ask you any fee for it, except the love of kinship. And
whoever performs a good act, We will increase for him goodness
therein.” [42:23]

Some people are of the opinion that this means only the Ahl al-Bait,
but the correct opinion is that here the word ‘kinship’ is general which
includes all relatives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬who died as Muslims.

The Close Relatives of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Whom we Should Love

x All wives of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, like Hadhrat Khadijah, Hadhrat

Ayishah, Hadhrat Hafsah etc (may Allah be pleased with them
all).
x All daughters of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, like Hadhrat Fatimah,
Hadhrat Zainab, Hadhrat Ruqayyah and Hadhrat Umm
Kulthum (may Allah be pleased with them all).
x All sons of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, i.e. Hadhrat Ibrahim, Hadhrat
Abdullah, Hadhrat Qasim (may Allah be pleased with them
all).
x Both the sons in law of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬i.e. Hadhrat Ali and
Hadhrat Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them).
x Both the grandsons of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬i.e. Hadhrat Hasan and
Hadhrat Hussain (may Allah be pleased with them).
x Both the fathers in law of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬i.e. Hadhrat Abu
Bakr and Hadhrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with them).
Since of all them are his kin and close relatives.

This is the case when the word ‘kin’ means the relatives of the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as some commentators of the Qur’an have explained;
298 | Samarat al-Aqaid

otherwise according to some others, the verse addresses the people

of Makkah as the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬is related to them, so they were asked
not to oppose him, rather believe in him.

These were total 7 verses and 43 hadiths regarding this belief which
were mentioned in detail.

My Teachers Taught So Much Respect!

I feel proud of my teachers who taught me:

To respect and love all prophets wholeheartedly

To respect and love all messengers wholeheartedly

To respect and love all Sahaba wholeheartedly

To respect and love all Imams wholeheartedly

To respect and love all Awliya wholeheartedly

To respect and love all heaven scriptures wholeheartedly

Rather they taught me not to abuse the Hindu deities; since most
probably they have been true saint or wali of their time and later
people started worshipping him.

I never heard anyone calling any religion with bad names. Now, when
I see the world, I feel proud of my teachers.
 | 299

19 – Khilafat (Succession of the

Prophet ‫)ﷺ‬

We shall present 0 verses and 12 hadiths regarding this belief, the

details are as follows:

Khilafat is a major issue in which two groups of the Ummah are at

logger’s head. This issue is causing infighting among Muslims in Syria,
Iran, Yemen and Libya. However, this issue existed in the period of the
Sahaba. Currently, neither khilafat exists nor it is an issue, but some
people needlessly cling to issue and create division among Muslims
by unnecessarily raising this issue.

Muslims should forget such issues and get engaged in taking part in
developing their country. Nowadays, the Europeans jointly discuss
things and resolve their issues, but Muslims are unable to resolve
their issues mutually, rather they create new issues instead.

What Islam Says Regarding Khilafat

Islam is of the opinion that none should thrust oneself as ruler rather
the general opinion of the people should be taken under
consideration; therefore Muslims were opted to choose their Khalifa
unanimously. However, at different occasions, the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
indicated that Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) is better for this position as he
had management quality.

Hadhrat Ali (raz) Himself Denied to Have any Assurance

It is mentioned in Hadith:
300 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ ‫َ ْ َُْ ْ َ ٌ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ ُْ َ َ َ َْ َ ُ َ ْ َ
‫ﺎب اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أ ْو ﻓ ْ ٌﻢ‬ ‫ﺎل ﻗﻠ ُﺖ ِﻟ َﻌ ِ ّ ِ ْﺑ ِﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﻃ ِﺎﻟ ٍﺐ ﻞ ِﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ ِﻛﺘﺎب ﻗﺎل ﻻ ِإﻻ ِﻛﺘ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﻴﻔﺔ ﻗ‬1
‫ﺎك‬
َ َ ْ
ُ ‫ﺎل اﻟ َﻌ ْﻘ ُﻞ َوﻓ‬ َ َ ْ َ ‫ُأ ْﻋ ِﻄ َﻴ ُﮫ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ٌﻢ َأ ْو َﻣﺎ َ ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻟ ﱠ ِ َﻴﻔ ِﺔ ﻗ‬
َ ‫ﺎل ُﻗﻠ ُﺖ ﻓ َﻤﺎ َ ِﺬ ِﻩ اﻟ ﱠ ِ َﻴﻔ ِﺔ ﻗ‬ َ
ِ ِ َْ
َ َ
(111 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،24 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫اﻷ ِﺳ ِ َوﻻ ُﻳ ْﻘ َﺘ ُﻞ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ٌﻢ ِﺑ ﺎ ِﻓ ٍﺮ‬

Abu Juhaifah (rah) narrated, ‘I asked 'Ali: ‘Do you have any other
Divine Revelation besides what is in the Qur’an? ’Ali said, ‘No. By Him
Who made the grain split (germinate) and created the soul, we have
nothing besides the Qur’an except the gift of understanding the
Qur’an, which Allah gives a man, besides what is written in this
manuscript. I said, ‘What is in this manuscript?’ ‘Ali said, ‘The
regulations of Diyah (Blood money), the ransom for captives and the
ruling that no Muslim should be killed in Qisas for killing a disbeliever.’
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Bab Kitabat al-Ilm, p. 24, No. 111)

In this hadith, Hadhrat Ali (raz) was questioned about any document
regarding succession, which he denied to have.
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ٌ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ ُ ِﺴ ﱡﺮ ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ ِﺎﻣ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ و ِاﺛﻠﺔ ﻗﺎل ﺳﺄل رﺟﻞ ﻋ ِﻠﻴﺎ ﻞ ﺎن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬2
َ َ َ
‫اﻟﻨ َ َ َ َ ﱞ َ ﱠ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱡ ﱠ َ ْ ً ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ ء ُدو َن ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس ﻏ ْ َ أ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬ِ ‫ﺎس ﻓﻐ َ ِﻀﺐ ﻋ ِ ﺣ اﺣﻤﺮ وﺟ ﮫ وﻗﺎل ﻣﺎ ﺎن ِﺴﺮ ِإ ﺷ ﺌﺎ دون اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ٍ ِ
‫َ ﱠ َ َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت وأﻧﺎ و ﻮ ِ اﻟﺒ ِﺖ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻌﻦ و ِاﻟﺪﻩ وﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ ذﺑﺢ ِﻟﻐ ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ٍ ‫ﺣﺪﺛ ِ ِﺑﺄر ِﻊ ِﻠﻤ‬
َْ َ َ َ َ‫ََ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ً ََ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َﱠ‬
ْ ‫اﻷ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟ ﺎﯾﺎ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﻲ‬.‫ض‬ ِ ‫ر‬ ‫وﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ آوى ﻣﺤ ِﺪﺛﺎ وﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ ﻏ ﻣﻨﺎر‬
(4427 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،614 ‫ ص‬،‫ذﺑﺢ ﻟﻐ اﻟﻠ ﻋﺰ و ﺟﻞ‬

It was narrated that 'Amir bin Wathilah said: "A man asked 'Ali" Did
the Messenger of Allah used to tell you anything in secret that he did
not tell the people?' Ali got so angry that his face turned red, and he
said: 'He used not to tell me anything in secret that he di8d not tell
the people except that he told me four things when he and I were
alone in the house. He said: Allah curses the alone who curses his
father, Allah curses the one who offers a sacrifice to anyone other
than Allah, Allah curse the one who gives refuge to an offender and
Allah curses the one who changes boundary markers."" (Sunan al-
Nasa’i, Kitab al-Dhhaya, Chapter on who Slaughtered for Other than
Allah, p. 614, No. 4427)
19 – Khilafat (Succession of the Prophet ‫)ﷺ‬ | 301

When Hadhrat Ali (raz) himself denied having any will or document
regarding succession (khilafat), then why so much hue and cry from
others that Hadhrat Ali (raz) was first Khalifa and the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
made a will about his succession. This is supported by his response
after installation of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) as Khalifa as Hadhrat Ali
(raz) made pledge of allegiance on his hand. After the martyrdom of
Hadhrat Uthman (raz), people decided to choose him as Khalifa, but
he denied it at first and later accepted it after their insistence. It
shows that he did not like to become Khalifa, but accepted this
position just due to the insistence of the people and for cause of
Ummah.

Therefore, it is useless to make hue and cry that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬made
a will regarding Hadhrat Ali (raz), especially after passing of fourteen
centuries, it is uncalled for to get Muslims divided at this issue.
َ ً َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ََ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ ِد َﻳﻨﺎ ًرا َوﻻ ِد ْر َ ًﻤﺎ َوﻻ ﺷﺎة َوﻻ َ ِﻌ ً ا‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮك رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬3
َ َ َ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،717 ‫ ص‬، ‫ء ﯾﻮ ﻟ‬ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺮک اﻟﻮﺻﯿﺔ ﻟﻢ ﻟ ﺲ ﻟ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫َوﻻ أ ْو َ ِ ْ ٍء‬
(4229/1635

Hadhrat A'isha (raz) reported: Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬left neither dinar

nor dirham (wealth in the form of cash), nor goats (and sheep), nor
camels. And he made no will about anything (in regard to his material
possessions, as he had none), (Sahih Muslim, Chapter on Leaving a
Will, p. 717, No. 1635/4229)
َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﺎل َذ َﻛ ُﺮوا ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ َأ ﱠن َﻋﻠﻴﺎ‬ َ َ َ ْ َ َْْ ْ َ
‫ﺎن َو ِﺻﻴﺎ ﻓ َﻘﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻣ َ أ ْو َ ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ﻓ َﻘ ْﺪ‬ ِ ِ ِ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ اﻷﺳﻮ ِد ﺑ ِﻦ ﻳ ِﺰ ﺪ‬4
َ َ َ َ ْ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ُﻣ ْﺴﻨ َﺪ َﺗ ُﮫ إ‬
‫ﺻ ْﺪ ِري أ ْو ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ َ ْ ِﺮي ﻓ َﺪ َﻋﺎ ِﺑﺎﻟﻄ ْﺴ ِﺖ ﻓﻠ َﻘ ْﺪ اﻧﺨ َﻨﺚ ِ َ ْ ِﺮي َو َﻣﺎ ﺷ َﻌ ْﺮ ُت أ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬ ِ َ ِ
َْ َ َ َ
،717 ‫ ص‬، ‫ء ﯾﻮ ﻟ‬ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺮک اﻟﻮﺻﯿﺔ ﻟﻢ ﻟ ﺲ ﻟ‬،‫ﺎت ﻓ َﻤ َ أ ْو َ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ؟ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣ‬
(4231/1636 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Aswad b. Yazid reported: “It was mentioned before A'isha that will
had been made (by the Holy Prophet) in favour of 'Ali (as the
Prophet's first caliph), whereupon she said: When did he make will in
302 | Samarat al-Aqaid

his favour? I had been providing support to him (to the Holy Prophet)
with my chest (or with my lap). He asked for a tray, when he fell in my
lap (relaxing his body), and I did not realise that he had breathed his
last. When did he make any will in his ('Ali's) favour? (Sahih Muslim,
Chapter on Leaving a Will, p. 717, No. 4231/1636)

These two hadiths tell that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬did not make any will
regarding Khilafat.

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Indicated to Choose Hadhrat Abu Bakr as

Khalifa

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬did not choose anyone as Khalifa, but in several

hadiths he indicated to Abu Bark to be elected as Khalifah. Here are
some of the hadiths:

َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ ْ ُ َ ْ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ْ ََ ً َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤ ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ ﺟﺒ ِ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻣﻄ ِﻌ ٍﻢ ﻋﻦ أ ِﺑ ِﻴﮫ أن اﻣﺮأة ﺳﺄﻟﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬5
َ
َ‫ﺎل أ ﻲ َ ﺄ ﱠ َ ﺎ َ ْﻌ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﻮت‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َأ َ َرأ ْﻳ َﺖ إ ْن ﺟ ْﺌ ُﺖ َﻓ َﻠ ْﻢ َأﺟ ْﺪ َك َﻗ‬
‫َََ ََ َ ْ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺎ أن ﺗﺮ ِﺟﻊ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل‬
ْ َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1051 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺎل ﻓ ِﺈ ْن ﻟ ْﻢ ﺗ ِﺠ ِﺪﻳ ِ ﻓﺄ ِ ﻲ أ َﺑﺎ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬ ‫ﻗ‬
(6179/2386

)Muhammad b. Jubair b. Mut'im reported on the authority of his

father that a woman asked Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬about something
but lit, told her to come to him on some other occasion, whereupon
she said: What in your opinion (should I do) if I come to you but do
not find you, and it seemed as if she meant that he might die.
Thereupon he said: If you do not find me, then come to Abu Bakr.”
(Sahih Muslim, Chapter of the Virtues of Abu Bakr, p. 1051, No.
6179/2386)

ََ ْ َ ََ ْ َ َ ‫ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ َﺸ َﺔ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻗ‬6

ِ ‫ﺎل ِ َرﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ ﻣ َﺮ ِﺿ ِﮫ اد ِ ِ أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ أﺑ‬
‫ﺎك‬
‫َ ََ َ َ ْ ﱠ ْ ْ َ ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ َ ّ َ َْ َ ََ
‫ﺎك َﺣ ﱠ أﻛ ُﺘ َﺐ ِﻛ َﺘ ًﺎﺑﺎ ﻓ ِﺈ ِ ﻲ أﺧﺎف أ ْن َﻳ َﺘ َﻤ ﱠ ُﻣ َﺘ َﻤ ٍ ّﻦ َو َ ُﻘﻮ ُل ﻗﺎ ِﺋ ٌﻞ أﻧﺎ أ ْو َو َ ﺄ َ ﻰ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َواﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣ ُﻨﻮن ِإﻻ‬
ِ ‫وأ‬
‫ﺧ‬
ْ َ
(6181/2387 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1051 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫أ َﺑﺎ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬
19 – Khilafat (Succession of the Prophet ‫)ﷺ‬ | 303

Hadhrat A'isha (raz) reported that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬in his (last)
illness asked me to call Abu Bakr, her father, and her brother too, so
that he might write a document, for he feared that someone else
might be desirous (of succeeding him) and that some claimant may
say: I have better claim to it, whereas Allah and the Faithful do not
substantiate the claim of anyone but that of Abu Bakr.” (Sahih
Muslim, Chapter of the Virtues of Abu Bakr, p. 1051, No. 2387/6181)

These two hadiths establish that the document which the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
wanted to get written was about the succession of Hadhrat Abu Bakr
(raz), not about Hadhrat Ali (raz); therefore he invited Hadhrat Abu
Bakr (raz) and his son. Secondly, he anticipated that Allah and the
Muslims will not appoint anyone but Abu Bakr as Khalifa and this
anticipation was fulfilled later. However, he did not make any will
regarding Khilafat.

‫ﺼ ِ ّﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺎل ُﻣ ُﺮوا َأ َﺑﺎ َﺑ ْﻜﺮ َﻓ ْﻠ ُﻴ‬

َ ‫ﺿ ُﮫ َﻓ َﻘ‬ُ ‫ﺎﺷ َﺘ ﱠﺪ َﻣ َﺮ‬ ْ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱡ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﻣﻮ ﻗﺎل ﻣ ِﺮض اﻟﻨ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ‬7
َ ٍ َ
ْ
‫ﺎل ُﻣ ُﺮوا أ َﺑﺎ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬ َ ‫ﺎﻟﻨﺎس َﻗ‬ ‫ﺼّ َ ﺑ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ ََ َ َ َ ٌ ُ ُ ‫ﺎﻟﻨ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺑ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺎس ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ِإﻧﮫ َرﺟ ٌﻞ َر ِﻗﻴﻖ ِإذا ﻗﺎم ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻚ ﻟﻢ ﺴﺘ ِﻄﻊ أن ﻳ‬ ِ ِ
َ َ
‫ﻮﺳﻒ ﻓﺄﺗ ُﺎﻩ ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
َ ‫ﺼ ّﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺎس ﻓﺈﻧﻜ ﱠﻦ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ
‫اﻟﺮ ُﺳﻮ ُل‬ ُ ‫ﺻ َﻮاﺣ ُﺐ ُﻳ‬
ِ ِ ِ
َ ُ َ َ ُ َ
ِ ِ ‫ﺎس ﻓﻌﺎدت ﻓﻘﺎل ﻣ ِﺮي أﺑﺎ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ﻓﻠﻴ‬
َ ّ َ ُ
ِ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺼ ِﻞ ِﺑﺎﻟﻨ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ ّ َﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺼﱠ ﺑ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﻓ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب أ ﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ و اﻟﻔﻀﻞ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ‬ ِ ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﺎة‬ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺎس‬
ِ ِ ‫ﺎﻟﻨ‬ ِ
(678 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،110 ‫ ص‬،‫أﺣﻖ ﺑﺎﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ‬

Hadhrat Abu Musa (raz) narrated: "The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬became sick and
when his disease became aggravated, he said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead
the prayer." `Aisha said, "He is a softhearted man and would not be
able to lead the prayer in your place." The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said again, "Tell
Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." She repeated the same reply
but he said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer. You are the
companions of Joseph." So the messenger went to Abu Bakr (with
that order) and he led the people in prayer in the lifetime of the
Prophet.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Chapter of Scholars and Al-Fadl Who
Deserve to Lead prayer, p. 110, No. 678)
304 | Samarat al-Aqaid

In this hadith, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬asked emphatically Hadhrat Abu Bakr

(raz) to lead Salah thrice, which was a kind of intention that Abu Bakr
was better for leading Salah and becoming leader of the Muslims. On
the basis of such hadiths, Sahaba choose him as Khalifa.

People are of different natures, they mostly tend to obey elderly

people. Though Hadhrat Ali (raz) was a mountain of knowledge and a
member of Ahl al-Bait, but he was young and was only 33 at the time
of the Prophet’s departure, while Hadhrat Abu Bakr was 61 years old
at that time. Therefore, people tended to him and chose him as
successor of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

The Rightly Guided Caliphs Should be Followed in Cases of

Contentions

It is mentioned in this hadith that the Khulfa Rashidun (rightly guided

caliphs) should be followed in contentious issues.
َ َ َ َ َُ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َْ ْ
‫ﺎل ﻗ ِﺎﺋ ٌﻞ َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺄ ﱠن َ ِﺬ ِﻩ َﻣ ْﻮ ِﻋﻈﺔ ُﻣ َﻮ ِ ّد ٍع ﻓ َﻤﺎذا ْﻌ َ ُﺪ ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ‬ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬... ‫ ﻋﻦ اﻟ ِﻌﺮ ﺎض ﺑﻦ ﺳﺎ ِر ﺔ‬8
َ ْ ‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ َو ْن َﻋ ْﺒ ًﺪا َﺣ َ ِﺸﻴﺎ َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻣ ْﻦ َ ِﻌ‬ ‫ُ ْ ََْ ﱠ َ ﱠ ْ َ ﱠ‬ ُ َ ََ
‫ﺶ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َ ْﻌ ِﺪي ﻓ َﺴ َ َ ى‬ ِ
َ ‫اﻟﻄ‬ ‫ى‬
ِ ْ َ ُ ‫وﺻﻴﻜ َﻢ ِﺑ َﺘﻘ ُﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ واﻟﺴﻤ ِﻊ ْو‬ ِ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل أ‬
.‫ﺎﻟﻨ َﻮ ِاﺟ ِﺬ‬
َ
‫ﻀﻮا َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ ﺑ ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ﻳﻦ ﺗ َﻤ ﱠﺴ ﻮا َ ﺎ َو َﻋ ﱡ‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﺮاﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ن‬ َ ‫اﺧﺘ َﻼ ًﻓﺎ َﻛﺜ ً ا ﻓ َﻌﻠ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ ُﺴ ﱠﻨ َو ُﺳ ﱠﻨﺔ ا ﻠ َﻔﺎء اﻟ َﻤ ْ ﺪ ّﻳ‬
ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬4607 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،651 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻟﺰوم اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫)ﺳ ن أ ﻲ داود‬
(2678

Narrated Irbad ibn Sariyah: … A man said: Messenger of Allah! It

seems as if it were a farewell exhortation, so what injunction do you
give us? He then said: “I enjoin you to fear Allah, and to hear and obey
even if it be an Abyssinian slave, for those of you who live after me
will see great disagreement. You must then follow my Sunnah and
that of the rightly-guided caliphs. Hold to it and stick fast to it.” (Sunan
Abi Dawood, Book of the Sunnah, chapter on the necessity of the
Sunnah, p. 651, No. 4607; Sunan al-Tirmidhi, No. 2678)
19 – Khilafat (Succession of the Prophet ‫)ﷺ‬ | 305

This hadith says that there shall emerge disputes after me, so such
situations you must hold of the way of rightly guided caliphs.

Hadhrat Ab Bakr (raz) was Chosen Khalifa with Consensus

Opinion
َ َ ‫َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َ َْ َ ََْ َ َ ّ ُ َ َ َ َُْ ََ َ ﱡ‬ َ َْ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻞ ﻧﺒﺎ ِ ﻌﻚ أﻧﺖ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﺳ ِﻴﺪﻧﺎ وﺧ ﻧﺎ وأﺣﺒﻨﺎ ِإ‬... ‫ ﻓ َﺤ ِﻤ َﺪ اﻟﻠ َﮫ أ ُﺑﻮ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ َوأﺛ َ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬9
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺎس‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ َﻓ َﺄ َﺧ َﺬ ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ ﺑ َﻴﺪﻩ َﻓ َﺒﺎ َ َﻌ ُﮫ َو َ ﺎ َ َﻌ ُﮫ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬
ِِ ِ ِ
(3668 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،616 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬

“Abu Bakr praised Allah and chanted His glory... Umar said that we
swear allegiance to you, you are our leader, you are the best among
us, and you are the most beloved of the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬. So,
Umar took the hand of Abu Bakr and swore allegiance to him, and the
people also swore allegiance to him.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of
Virtues of the Companions, p. 616, No. 3668)

This hadith says that the Sahaba chose him as their leader and made
pledge of allegiance at the hand of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz), thus he
was a consensus leader. Therefore, blaming Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz)
regarding Khilafat is unacceptable.

The statement of Sahabi quoted above says that Hadhrat Abu Bakr
(raz) was superior to all Sahaba along with being closer to the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬as well as an elderly and experienced man; therefore appointing
him as Khalifa was acceptable for all Muslims.

Hadhrat Ali (raz) Made Pledge of Allegiance on the Hands of

Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz)

Finally, Hadhrat Ali (raz) also made pledge of allegiance on the hands
of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz), the following hadith from Sahih al-Bukhari
mentions it in detail:
306 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ََْ َ َ ‫اﺳ َ ْﻨ َﻜ َﺮ َﻋ ﱞ ُو ُﺟ‬ ْ ... ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬10

‫ َوﻟ ْﻢ َﻳﻜ ْﻦ‬،‫ﺼﺎ َ ﺔ أ ِ ﻲ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ َو ُﻣ َﺒﺎ َ َﻌ َﺘ ُﮫ‬ ‫ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻤﺲ ﻣ‬،‫ﺎس‬ ِ
‫ﻮﻩ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ِ
ََ َ َ َ ْ‫ﱡ‬ ْ َ ‫ﱠ َﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ َ َ
َ ‫ ﻓ َﻘ‬... ‫اﻷ ْﺷ ُ َﺮ‬َ َ ْ ُ َُ
‫ﺻ أ ُﺑﻮ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ اﻟﻈ ﺮ ر ِ ﻋ‬ ‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬.‫ﺎل َﻋ ِ ﱞ ﻷ ِ ﻲ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ َﻣ ْﻮ ِﻋ ُﺪ َك اﻟ َﻌ ِﺸ ﱠﻴﺔ ِﻟﻠ َﺒ ْﻴ َﻌ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺎ ِ ﻊ ِﺗﻠﻚ‬
ْ ْ ‫َََْ ْ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ‫َ َﱡ‬ ْ َ ََ َ ََ ْ
،‫اﺳ َﺘﻐ َﻔ َﺮ‬ ‫ ﺛﻢ‬،‫ َو ُﻋﺬ َر ُﻩ ِﺑﺎﻟ ِﺬي اﻋﺘﺬر ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ‬،‫ َوﺗﺨﻠ َﻔ ُﮫ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ َﺒ ْﻴ َﻌ ِﺔ‬، ٍ ّ ِ ‫ ﻓ ﺸ ﱠ َﺪ َوذﻛ َﺮ ﺷﺄ َن َﻋ‬، ِ َ ‫اﻟ ِﻤ ْﻨ‬
َ ْ َ َ ً َ ََ َََ ‫ْ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ َ
‫ َوﻻ‬،‫ﺎﺳﺔ َﻋ أ ِ ﻲ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬ ‫ َو َﺣ ﱠﺪث أ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺤ ِﻤﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ اﻟ ِﺬي ﺻﻨﻊ ﻧﻔ‬،‫َو ﺸ ﱠ َﺪ َﻋ ِ ﱞ ﻓ َﻌﻈ َﻢ َﺣ ﱠﻖ أ ِ ﻲ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬
َْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ً َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َْ ً ﱠ َ ﱠَ ﱠ‬
،‫ ﻓ َﻮ َﺟ ْﺪﻧﺎ ِ أﻧ ُﻔ ِﺴ َﻨﺎ‬،‫ﺎﺳ َﺒ ﱠﺪ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ‬ ‫ ﻓ‬،‫ وﻟ ِﻜﻨﺎ ﻧﺮى ﻟﻨﺎ ِ ﺬا اﻷﻣ ِﺮ ﻧ ِﺼ ﺒﺎ‬،‫ﻀﻠ ُﮫ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ ِﮫ‬ ‫ِإﻧ ﺎرا ِﻟﻠ ِﺬي ﻓ‬
َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ
َ ‫ َو‬.‫ﺻ ْ َﺖ‬ َ ُ ْ
َ ‫َﻓ ُﺴ ﱠﺮ ﺑ َﺬﻟ َﻚ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴﻠ ُﻤﻮن َوﻗﺎﻟﻮا أ‬
َ َ
.‫ ِﺣ ن راﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف‬،‫ﺎن اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠ ُﻤﻮن ِإ َﻋ ِ ّ ٍ ﻗ ِﺮ ًﺒﺎ‬ ِ ِ ِ
(4240 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،719 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻏﺰوة ﺧﯿ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزي‬،‫)اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) narraed: … `Ali noticed a change in the people's

attitude towards him. So `Ali sought reconciliation with Abu Bakr and
gave him an oath of allegiance. `Ali had not given the oath of
allegiance during those months (i.e. the period between the Prophet's
death and Fatima's death) … On that `Ali said to Abu Bakr, "I promise
to give you the oath of allegiance in this after noon.” So when Abu
Bakr had offered the Zuhr prayer, he ascended the pulpit and uttered
the Tashah-hud and then mentioned the story of `Ali and his failure
to give the oath of allegiance, and excused him, accepting what
excuses he had offered; Then `Ali (got up) and praying (to Allah) for
forgiveness, he uttered Tashah-hud, praised Abu Bakr's right, and
said, that he had not done what he had done because of jealousy of
Abu Bakr or as a protest of that Allah had favored him with. `Ali added,
"But we used to consider that we too had some right in this affair (of
rulership) and that he (i.e. Abu Bakr) did not consult us in this matter,
and therefore caused us to feel sorry." On that all the Muslims
became happy and said, "You have done the right thing." The Muslims
then became friendly with `Ali as he returned to what the people had
done (i.e. giving the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr). (Al-Bukhari, Kitab
Al-Maghazi, Chapter of the Khaybar Battle, page 719, No. 4240)

There are two important points in this hadith: (1) Hadhrat Ali (raz)
finally made pledge of allegiance on the hand of Hadhrat Abu Bakr
(raz). (2) Hadhrat Ali (raz) admitted the merits and virtues of Hadhrat
Abu Bakr (raz) and Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) also admitted the merits
and virtues of Hadhrat Ali (raz).
19 – Khilafat (Succession of the Prophet ‫)ﷺ‬ | 307

These two personalities reconciled between themselves; therefore

we should also reconcile and get united. Since if we hold those old
disputes we shall remain undivided and our enemies will crush us and
the dispute among the Muslims will never cease.

It is Unlawful to Oppose an Appointed Khalifa Unnecessarily

Once the Khalifa is appointed, it is not permissible to disagree with

him with no reason; since it will cause chaos, as it is mentioned in
hadith:
َْ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ََ ً َ ََ َ ْ َ َ َْ
‫ﺻ ْﻔ َﻘﺔ َﻳ ِﺪ ِﻩ َوﺛ َﻤ َﺮة ﻗﻠ ِﺒ ِﮫ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ ﱠ‬11
‫ وﻣﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻊ ِإﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺄﻋﻄﺎﻩ‬... ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ِﻦ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ َر ِ ّب اﻟﻜ ْﻌ َﺒ ِﺔ‬
َ ْ ْ ‫آﺧ ُﺮ ُﻳ َﻨﺎز ُﻋ ُﮫ َﻓ‬ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ ُ ْ َُْ
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﻣﺎرة‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺎﺿ ِﺮُ ﻮا ُﻋ ُﻨ َﻖ اﻵﺧ ِﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﻓﻠﻴ ِﻄﻌﮫ ِإن اﺳﺘﻄﺎع ﻓ ِﺈن ﺟﺎء‬
(4776/1844 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،828 ‫ ص‬،‫وﺟﻮب اﻟﻮﻓﺎء ﺑ ﯿﻌﺔ ا ﻠﯿﻔﺔ اﻷول ﻓﺎﻷول‬

Hadhrat ‘Abdallah b. ‘Amr (raz) reported Allah’s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as

saying, “If anyone swears allegiance to an imam, giving him his hand
in ratification and sincere agreement in his heart, he must obey him
if he can. Then if another comes and contends with him, cut off that
other one’s head.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Imarah, chapter The
Obligation of Loyalty to the Caliph, p. 828, No. 1844/4776)

This hadith says that once the Caliph is appointed, he should be

obeyed wholeheartedly. Therefore, it is wholly uncalled for what
some people dig in the old issue of succession and divide Muslims into
groups.

Duration of Five Caliphs

It is mentioned in a hadith that the rightly guided caliphate will last 30

years:
ُ ً َ َُ َ ‫َ َ ُ ﱡ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ِﻔ َﻴﻨ َﺔ‬12
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ُﺒ ﱠﻮ ِة ﺛﻼﺛﻮن َﺳ َﻨﺔ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ُﻳ ْﺆ ِ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ِﺧﻼﻓﺔ‬
َ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ‫ﻴﺪ َﻗ‬ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ُْ َْ َ ُْْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ِ َﺳ ِﻔ َﻴﻨﺔ أ ْﻣ ِﺴ ْﻚ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻚ أ َﺑﺎ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ َﺳ َﺘ ْ ِن َو ُﻋ َﻤ َﺮ‬ ٌ ‫ﺎل َﺳﻌ‬
ِ َ ‫ﻗ‬ . " ‫ ﻣﻦ ﺸﺎء‬- ‫ أو ﻣﻠﻜﮫ‬- ‫اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬
308 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ َ َ َ ُْ ٌ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ ً َ ُْ َ َ ََْْ َ ْ ََ َ َ ﱞ‬
‫ﻴﺪ ﻗﻠ ُﺖ ِﻟ َﺴ ِﻔ َﻴﻨﺔ ِإ ﱠن َ ُﺆﻻ ِء َﻳ ْﺰ ُﻋ ُﻤﻮن أ ﱠن َﻋ ِﻠﻴﺎ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬‫ ﻗﺎل ﺳ ِﻌ‬. ‫ﻋﺸﺮا وﻋﺜﻤﺎن اﺛﻨ ﻋﺸﺮة وﻋ ِ ﻛﺬا‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫اﻟﺰ ْرﻗ ِﺎء َ ْﻌ ِ َﺑ ِ َﻣ ْﺮ َو َان‬
َ ‫ﺎل َﻛ َﺬ َﺑ ْﺖ َأ ْﺳ َﺘ ُﺎﻩ َﺑ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫اﻟﺴ َﻼ ُم َﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ُﻜ ْﻦ ﺑ َﺨ ِﻠ َﻴﻔ ٍﺔ‬
‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ
(4646 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،656 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ا ﻠﻔﺎء‬

Hadhrat Safinah narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: The Caliphate of

Prophecy will last thirty years; then Allah will give the Kingdom of His
Kingdom to anyone He wills. Sa'id told that Safinah said to him:
Calculate Abu Bakr's caliphate as two years, 'Umar's as ten, 'Uthman's
as twelve and 'Ali so and so. Sa'id said: I said to Safinah: They conceive
that 'Ali was not a caliph. He replied: The buttocks of Marwan told a
lie.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Sunna, chapter on the caliphs, p. 656, No.
4646)

This hadith says rightly guided caliphate will last up to 30 years.

These were total 0 verses and 12 hadiths regarding this belief, the
details of which you have seen.

(1) Caliphate of Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz): 2 years, 3 months, 10 days

12 Rabi al-Awwal 11 AH / 7 June 632 AD to 22 Jumad al-Akhira 13 AH
/ 23 August 634 AD
(2) Caliphate of Hadhrat Umar (raz): 10 years, 6 months, 4 days
22 Jumad al-Akhira 13 AH / 23 August 634 AD to 26 Dhu al-Hijja 23 AH
/ 3 November 644 AD
(3) Caliphate of Hadhrat Uthman (raz): 11 years, 11 months, 22 days
3 Muharram 24 AH / 9 November 644 AD to 25 Dhu al-Hijja 35 AH /
24 June 656 AD
(4) Caliphate of Hadhrat Ali (raz): 4 years, 8 months, 25 days
26 Dhu al-Hijja 35 AH / 25 June 656 AD to 21 Ramadan 40 AH / 28
January 661 AD
(5) Caliphate of Hadhrat Hasan (raz): 6 months, 3 days
22 Ramadan 40 AH / 29 January 661 AD 25 Rabi al-Awwal 41 AH / 29
July 661 AD
 | 309

20 – Who is Wali?

We shall present 4 verses and 5 hadiths regarding this belief, the

details are as follows:

Wali is a pious man who believes in Allah, acts upon the Shariah
perfectly, deals with people well, shuns forbidden acts completely
and fears Allah.

Those who do not follow Shariah and display wilayat (sainthood) are
not wali, rather fake saints. Some people even consider naked saints
as wali, this is strange. It is mentioned in hadith:

‫ أﻻ إن أوﻟﯿﺎء اﻟﻠ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﻮن ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﺔ اﻟﻮداع‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﯿﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤ ۔۔۔أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻗﺎل‬1
‫ﯾﻘﯿﻢ اﻟﺼﻠﻮات ا ﻤﺲ اﻟ ﮐﺘ ﺖ ﻋﻠﯿ و ﯾﺼﻮم رﻣﻀﺎن و ﯾﺤ ﺴﺐ ﺻﻮﻣ ﯾﺮی أﻧ ﻋﻠﯿ ﺣﻖ و‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ )اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬.‫ﻌﻄﻲ ز ﺎة ﻣﺎﻟ ﯾﺤ ﺴﺒ ﺎ و ﯾﺠﺘ ﺐ اﻟﮑﺒﺎﺋﺮ اﻟ ﻧ اﻟﻠ ﻋﻨ ﺎ‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮ ﯽ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟﺒ ﻘﻲ‬197 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،127 ‫ ص‬، 1 ‫ج‬
(6723 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،573 ‫ ص‬،3 ‫ج‬

It is narrated on the authority of Ubaid bin Umayr that the Messenger

of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said in his farewell pilgrimage: “Listen! The awliya of Allah
are those who offer prayers, establish the five prayers that are
obligatory upon them, fast Ramadan, they keep it only for Allah, and
think that fasting is Allah's right over them, and they pay Zakat on
their wealth sincerely for a reward, and avoid the great sins which
Allah has forbidden.” (Al-Mustadrak by al-Hakim, Kitab al-Iman, Part
1, p. 127, No. 197; Sunan al-Bayhaqi, The Book of Funerals, Part 3, p.
573, No. 6723)
310 | Samarat al-Aqaid

This hadith says that wali is one who performs Salah, observes fasts,
pays zakah and shuns major sins. And one who does not do these acts
and does not shun major sins cannot be a wali.

َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ آ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا َو ُﺎﻧﻮا َﻳ ﱠﺘ ُﻘﻮ َن‬ ‫ن‬َ َُ ْ َ ْ ُ ََ ْ ََْ ٌ ْ َ َ ‫ََ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ اﻟ ِﺬ‬ ‫ أﻻ ِإن أوِﻟﻴﺎء اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻻ ﺧﻮف ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ وﻻ ﻢ ﻳﺤﺰﻧﻮ‬1
ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َْ َ َ َْ َ َْ‫ﱡ‬ َ ْ ‫ َﻟ ُ ُﻢ ْاﻟ ُ ْﺸ َﺮى ا‬
‫ﺎت اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ذ ِﻟ َﻚ ُ َﻮ اﻟ َﻔ ْﻮ ُز‬ َ
‫ﻤ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ة‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺧ‬‫اﻵ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺎة‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬َ
ِ
[10:62-64 ‫ﻴﻢ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬ ُ ‫ْاﻟ َﻌﻈ‬
ِ

“Listen, the friends of Allah shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve.
Those who have believed and have been fearful of Allah. For them
there is the good news in the worldly life and in the Hereafter: there
is no change in the words of Allah. That is the great achievement.”
[10:62-64]

The verse mentions two points; first that a wali will have no fear and
grief. Second, wali is one who believes in Allah and leads a life of piety;
therefore those who are not believers cannot be a wali, and similarly
one who is not pious and does not follow Shariah may not be a wali.

ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َْ
[49:13 ‫ﺮات‬ ‫ِإ ﱠن أﻛ َﺮ َﻣﻜ ْﻢ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أ ْﺗ َﻘﺎﻛ ْﻢ ]ا‬ 2

“Surely the noblest of you, in Allah‘s sight, is the one who is most
pious of you.” (49:13)

This verse says that one who is most pious is the most honoured in
the eyes of Allah (‫)ﷻ‬.

Wali is One Whose Sight Prompts Remembrance of Allah

One who has pomp and show and whose sight give an impression of
the mundane world is not a wali, rather a friend of the worldly things,
but one who is pious, simple living and whose sight gives an
impression of the world hereafter, he is wali. it is mentioned in a
hadith:
20 – Who is Wali? | 311

‫ ﻣﻦ أوﻟﯿﺎء اﻟﻠ ؟ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺬﯾﻦ إذا‬:‫ ﺳﺌﻞ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬:‫ َﻋ ْﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل إﺑﺮا ﯿﻢ‬2
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،124 ‫ ص‬،10 ‫ ج‬، ‫ أﻻ إن أوﻟﯿﺎء اﻟﻠ‬: ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﻲ اﻟﮑ ی‬. ‫رؤا ذﮐﺮ اﻟﻠ‬
(11171

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz): “The people

asked the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬who are the awliya of Allah. He said, “When
you see him, you remember Allah.” (Sunan al-Nasa’i al-Kabir, vol.10,
p. 124, No. 11171)
ُ ُ َُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
‫ أ ﱠ َ ﺎ َﺳ ِﻤ َﻌ ْﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " أﻻ أﻧ ِّ ُﺌﻜ ْﻢ ِﺑ ِﺨ َﻴ ِﺎرﻛ ْﻢ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ْﺳ َﻤ َﺎء ِﺑ ِﺖ َﻳ ِﺰ َﺪ‬3
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ‫َ ُ ََ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ﻳﻦ ِإذا ُر ُءوا ذ ِﻛ َﺮ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ﱠﺰ َو َﺟ ﱠﻞ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل " ِﺧﻴﺎرﻛﻢ اﻟ ِﺬ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﺑ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬. "
(4119 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،601 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﯾﺆ ﻟ‬،‫اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat Asma’ bint Yazid (raz) that she heard
the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬say: “Shall I not tell you of the best of
you?” They said: “Yes, O Messenger of Allah.” He said: “The best of
you are those who, when they are seen, Allah the Mighty, the
Majestic, is remembered.” (Ibn Majah, The Book of Zuhd, p. 601, No.
4119)

These hadiths say that good people of you are ones whose sight
reminds you of Allah; therefore a spiritual leader (peer) should be one
whose sight reminds you of Allah.

He who is not Follower of Shariah is not a Wali

Nowadays, there are many people who claim to be wali, but they are
not punctual of Salah, and fast, do not pay zakat, but continue to
deceive people and receive pounds from them. We should not
mistaken such people as wali and should avoid their trap.

No matter how high a saint may be, he cannot be superior to the

Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and his companions
312 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The status of a wali is less than that of the Sahaba, because the Sahaba
have seen the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬with faith and helped him, and the
wali has not seen the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, therefore a wali is not
superior to the Sahaba.

Secondly, the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has described the virtues of all the
Companions, but not for the saints, so no matter how far the saints
go, they cannot reach the rank of the Companions. Some people
attribute such virtues to saints that they even surpass them as
companions. This is not true. Here is a hadith:
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑﻦ ُﻣ َﻐ ﱠﻔﻞ‬
‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ "اﻟﻠ َﮫ اﻟﻠ َﮫ ِ أ ْ َ ﺎ ِ ﻲ اﻟﻠ َﮫ‬ ٍ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬4
َ َ
ْ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ُ‫َ َ ْ َ ﱠُ ْ َ ُ ّ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ‫ﺿﺎ‬ً ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َأ ْ َ ﺎ ﻲ َﻻ َﺗ ﱠﺘﺨ ُﺬو ُ ْﻢ َﻏ َﺮ‬‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻐ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻀ‬ ‫ﻐ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫أ‬ ِ ‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺒ‬
ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ﺪ‬
ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ِ
ُ َ ُ َْ ْ َ ُ َُ َ ‫َْ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َِ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫" )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ‬. ‫ﻮﺷﻚ أن ﻳﺄﺧﺬﻩ‬ ِ ‫أ ﻐﻀ ﻢ وﻣﻦ آذا ﻢ ﻓﻘﺪ آذا ِ ﻲ وﻣﻦ آذا ِ ﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ آذى اﻟﻠﮫ وﻣﻦ آذى اﻟﻠﮫ ﻓﻴ‬
(20026 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،42 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻐﻔﻞ اﻟﻤﺰ ﻲ‬،‫اﻹﻣﺎم أﺣﻤﺪ‬

Hadhrat 'Abdullah bin Mughaffal (raz) narrated that the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "(Fear) Allah! (Fear) Allah regarding my Companions!
Do not make them objects of insults after me. Whoever loves them,
it is out of love of me that he loves them. And whoever hates them, it
is out of hatred for me that he hates them. And whoever harms them,
he has harmed me, and whoever harms me, he has offended Allah,
and whoever offends Allah, [then] he shall soon be punished."
(Musnad Imam Ahmad, Bab Hadith Abdullah bin Mughaffaal al-Mazni,
vol. 6, p. 42, No. 20026)

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said with great pain about his Companions that they
should not be abused.

‫ﺲ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ُﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻻ َﺗ َﻤ ﱡ‬
‫َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ َْ ﱠ َُ ُ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ ﺟ ِﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻳﻘﻮل ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬5
َ َ
‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ رای اﻟﻨ ﷺ و ﺒ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ًﻤﺎ َرآ ِ ﻲ أ ْو َرأى َﻣ ْﻦ َرآ ِ ﻲ‬
(3858 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،872

(356 ‫ ص‬/ 12 ‫ )ج‬-

20 – Who is Wali? | 313

Hadhrat Jabir bin Abdullah (raz) said: I have heard the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
say: "The Fire shall not touch the Muslim who saw me, or saw one
who saw me." (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, chapter on what was mentioned in
the merit of one who saw the Prophet, p. 872, No. 3858)

These hadiths mention the virtue of the Sahabah, which are not for a
wali, so even the lower Sahabi is superior to all the awliya.

If a Supernatural Thing is Proved by a Saint, it is Called a

Miracle

If a supernatural thing happens at the hand of a prophet, it is called a

mu’jizah (miracle), and if a supernatural thing is happens by a saint, it
is called a karamat, and if a supernatural thing is proved from a non-
Muslim, it is called a miracle istidraj.

A supernatural thing (i.e. karamat) can also happed at the hand of a

wali. But keep in mind that many people claim karamat, but there is
no truth in it, so we should be wary of it in this age.

Karamat is proved from this verse of the Quran:

ً َ ‫ُ ﱠﻠ َﻤﺎ َد َﺧ َﻞ َﻋ َﻠ ْ َ ﺎ َز َﻛ ﱠﺮ ﺎ ا ْ ِ ْ َﺮ‬
[3:37 ‫اب َو َﺟ َﺪ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َ ﺎ ِر ْزﻗﺎ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ 3
ِ
“Whenever Zakariyya visited her at the place of worship, he found
food with her.” [3:37]

In this verse, it is said that Hadhrat Maryam (peace be upon her) who
was not a prophet, rather was a saint used to have out of season
fruits, which was a karamat.

He Who Does not Believe in Allah Cannot Become a Wali

There are many people in the world today who do not believe in Allah,
do not believe in Tauhid (oneness of Allah), or are in disbelief or
314 | Samarat al-Aqaid

polytheism, but they claim that they are saints who has access to
Allah. They observer rituals and also give amulets to the people and
sometimes their amulets benefit from the command of Allah, which
makes the people think that they are the wali of Allah, and the people
start believing in them.

But it should be noted that unless there is no Tauhid, no faith, no

obedience to all the commands of Allah, one cannot be the wali of
Allah. It is nothing, respite from Allah, one should never be a disciple
or follower of such people, rather should avoid them, it is very much
possible that your faith will be destroyed due to proximity with them.
The Quran says:

َ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ ُ ن‬ َ‫َ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ ٌ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ن‬
‫ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا و ﺎﻧﻮا ﻳﺘﻘﻮ‬ ‫ أﻻ ِإن أوِﻟﻴﺎء اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻻ ﺧﻮف ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ وﻻ ﻢ ﻳﺤﺰﻧﻮ‬4
ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َْ َ َ َْ َ َْ‫ﱡ‬ َ ْ ‫ َﻟ ُ ُﻢ ْاﻟ ُ ْﺸ َﺮى ا‬
‫ﺎت اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ذ ِﻟ َﻚ ُ َﻮ اﻟ َﻔ ْﻮ ُز‬‫ﻤ‬َ ‫ﻠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ة‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺧ‬‫اﻵ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺎة‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬َ
ِ
[10:62-64 ‫ﻴﻢ ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬ ُ ‫ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ‬

“Listen, the friends of Allah shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve.
Those who have believed and have been fearful of Allah. For them
there is the good news in the worldly life and in the Hereafter: there
is no change in the words of Allah. That is the great achievement.”
[10:62-64]

The first condition in this verse is that he should have faith, and the
second condition is that if he adopts piety then he may be a wali,
without it he cannot become a wali. This should be noticed.

These were 4 verses and 5 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 315

21 – Angels

There are 9 verses and 3 hadiths about this belief. Here are the details
of each of them.

In the chapter on faith, it will be mentioned that believing in six things

makes a person a believer, and one of them is believing in angels, so
the details of angels are being mentioned.

It is mentioned in Aqidat al-Tahawiyyah:

‫ وﺣﻠﻮﻩ‬،‫ و اﻟﻘﺪر ﺧ ﻩ وﺷﺮﻩ‬،‫ و اﻟﯿﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ‬،‫ ورﺳﻠﮫ‬،‫ وﮐﺘﺒﮫ‬،‫ و ﻣﻼﺋﮑﺘﮫ‬، ‫ ﻮ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻠ‬،‫واﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬
(15 ‫ ص‬66 :‫ رﻗﻢ‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫وﻣﺮﻩ‬

“Iman means to believe in Allah, in His angels, in His books, in His

messengers, in the hereafter, and in destiny good and good, the
sweet and sour.” (Aqidat al-Tahawiyyah, Belief No. 66, p 15)

This says that believing in six things makes a person believer, one of
which is believing in angels.

See the rest details in the discussion of faith.

The Angel is Born of Light

Angels are Allah's infallible creatures who are born of light, as this is
mentioned in Hadith:

Hadith 01
316 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ ُﺧﻠ َﻘ ْﺖ ْاﻟ َﻤ َﻼﺋ َﻜ ُﺔ ﻣ ْﻦ ُﻧﻮر َو ُﺧﻠ َﻖ ا ْ َ ﱡ‬

‫ﺎن‬
‫َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬1
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َُ َ ُ َ
،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أﺣﺎدﯾﺚ ﻣﺘﻔﺮﻗﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ ِﺎر ٍج ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ٍﺎر َوﺧ ِﻠ َﻖ َآد ُم ِﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ ُو ِﺻﻒ ﻟﻜ ْﻢ‬
(7495/2996 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1295 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “The

Angels were born out of light and the Jinns were born out of the spark
of fire and Adam was born as he has been defined (in the Qur'an) for
you (i. e. he is fashioned out of clay).” (Sahih Muslim, Chapter in
Various Hadiths, Chapter of Zuhd, p. 1295, No. 2996/7495)

In this Hadith, it is said that angels are created from light and jinn are
created from fire.

The Four Great Angels are mentioned in the Quran

There are many angels, the number of which is known only to Allah,
but four of them are great

Hadhrat Gabriel (peace be upon hin)

Hadhrat Michael (peace be upon him)

Hadhrat Israfil (peace be upon him)

Hadhrat Izrael (peace be upon him)

Hadhrat Gabriel and Michael (peace be upon them) are mentioned in

the following verse. Hadhrat Gabriel is considered to be the greatest
angel, and his job was to bring revelation to the prophets, while the
job of Hadhrat Michael is to make it rain.

This is done by the command of Allah, so it is not permissible to ask

Hadhrat Michael to send rain, only Allah Almighty will be asked to
send rain, some non-Muslims worship the goddess for rain, they
21 – Angels | 317

believe the rain is in the hands of the goddess, so they invoke the
goddess for it, and the deity, it is forbidden in Islam.

Here are some verses regarding the same:

َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َُ َ ََ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻋ ُﺪ ﱞو ِﻟﻠ ﺎ ِﻓ ِﺮ َﻦ‬ ‫ ﻣﻦ ﺎن ﻋﺪوا ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜ ِﺘ ِﮫ ورﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ و ِﺟ ِ ﻳﻞ و ِﻣﻴ‬1
[2:98 ‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“If someone is an enemy to Allah, His angels, and His messengers, and
to Jibra‘il (Gabriel) and Mika‘il (Michael), then Allah is enemy to the
disbelievers.” [2:98]

‫ْ ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻣ ْﻦ‬2
[2:97 ‫ﻳﻞ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ ﻧ ﱠﺰﻟ ُﮫ َﻋ ﻗﻠ ِﺒ َﻚ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ا‬‫و‬‫ﺪ‬ُ ‫ﺎن َﻋ‬

"Say, if someone is an enemy to Jibra‘il (Gabriel) (it can by no means

degrade him for) it is he who has brought it (the Qur‘an) down upon
your heart by the permission of Allah.” [2:97]

Hadhrat Gabriel and Michael are mentioned in these two verses.

Mention of Hazrat Izrael (Malak Al-Maut)

The job of Hadhrat Izrael (peace be upon him) is give death to people,
he does this work by the command of Allah, giving death and life is
the work of Allah only, but by the command of Allah he does this
work, so Only Allah, not an angel, can be prayed for keeping one alive.

The Quran says:

َ ُ ُ ّ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ُ
‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ َﻳ َﺘ َﻮ ﱠﻓﺎﻛ ْﻢ َﻣﻠ ُﻚ اﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ِت اﻟ ِﺬي ُو ِ َﻞ ِﺑﻜ ْﻢ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ِإ َرِّ ُﻜ ْﻢ ُﺗ ْﺮ َﺟ ُﻌﻮ َن‬3
[32:11‫]اﻟ ﺪة‬
318 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Say, the angel of death who has been assigned for you will take your
soul in full, then you will be brought back to your Lord.” [32:11]

‫ن‬َ ُ ّ َُ َ ْ ُ َ َُ ُ ُ ُْ‫َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ َْ ْ ُ ََ ﱠ‬
[6:61 ‫ﺣ ِإذا ﺟﺎء أﺣﺪﻛﻢ اﻟﻤﻮت ﺗﻮﻓﺘﮫ رﺳﻠﻨﺎ و ﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻔ ِﺮﻃﻮ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ 4

“... when death comes upon one of you, Our deputies take his soul in
full, and they neglect nothing (from their duties).” [6:61]

In this verse, it is said that when the time of death comes, not a
second is delayed. In this verse, the angel of death is mentioned.

Mention of Hazrat Israfil

Hazrat Israfil has been commissioned to blow the trumpets; he will

blow the trumpets on the Day of Resurrection. The Quran says:
َْ ْ ََ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
ْ ‫اﻷ‬ ْ ‫اﻟﺼﻮر َﻓ َﻔﺰ َع َﻣ‬
‫ﱡ‬ ُ ‫ َو َ ْﻮ َم ُﻳ ْﻨ َﻔ‬5
[27:87 ‫ض ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬
ِ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺦ‬

“And (remember) the day when the Horn will be blown; so all those
in the heavens and the earth will be in panic.” [27:87]

‫ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َْ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ُﺛﻢﱠ‬ ْ ‫ﺼﻌ َﻖ َﻣ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺼﻮر َﻓ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ َو ُﻧﻔ‬6
‫ض ِإﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎء‬
ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﺦ‬
ِ ِ
ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ
[39:68 ‫ﻧ ِﻔﺦ ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ أﺧ َﺮى ﻓ ِﺈذا ُ ْﻢ ِﻗ َﻴ ٌﺎم َﻳ ْﻨﻈ ُﺮو َن ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬

“And Horn (Sur ) will be blown, and all those in the heavens and all
those in the earth will faint, except the one whom Allah wills
(otherwise). Thereafter, it will be blown once again, and suddenly
they will stand up, looking around.” [39:68]

It is mentioned in Hadith:
21 – Angels | 319
َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ "إ ﱠن‬: ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ‬2
‫ أ ْو‬- ‫اﻟﺼﻮ ِر ِﺑﺄ ْﻳ ِﺪ ِ َﻤﺎ‬ ِ
َ ‫ﺻﺎﺣ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫ل‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ، ‫ﻴﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﻌ‬
ِ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ
ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﺒﻌﺚ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬. "‫ ﻗ ْﺮﻧ ِﺎن ﻳﻼ ِﺣﻈ ِﺎن اﻟﻨﻈ َﺮ ﻣ ﻳﺆﻣ َﺮ ِان‬- ‫ِ أ ْﻳ ِﺪ ِ َﻤﺎ‬
َ ُ َ ُ
( 4273 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،623

It was narrated from Hadhrat Abu Sa’eed (raz) that the Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “The two who are entrusted with the Trumpet have
two horns in their hands, waiting until they will be commanded (to
blow them)”. (Ibn Majah, Kitab Al-Zuhd, p. 623, No. 4273)

These verses and hadiths mention the angel Michael who will blow
the trumpet.

Mention of Kiraman Katibin (Scribe Angels)

Kiraman Katibin are the two angels, one on the right and the other
on the left, both write down our deeds, the angel on the right writes
down the good deeds and the one on the left writes down our bad
deeds. It is mentioned in the Quran:

َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َن‬ َ َ ً َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ََْ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ن‬
‫ ﻌﻠﻤﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻮ ]اﻹﻧﻔﻄﺎر‬ ‫ ِﻛﺮاﻣﺎ ﺎ ِﺗ ِﺒ ن‬ ‫ و ِ ن ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﺎ ِﻓ ِﻈ ن‬7
[82:10-12

“while (appointed) over you there are watchers, who are noble,
writers (of the deeds), who know whatever you do.” [82:10-12]

This verse mentions the scribe angels.

Mention of Munkar Nakir

Munkar Nakir are the two angels. When a man is laid in the grave,
these two angels come and ask the deceased three questions.

It is mentioned in Hadith:
320 | Samarat al-Aqaid
َ َ َ ََ ْ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ » ِإذا ﻗ ِ َ اﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ ُﺖ أﺗ ُﺎﻩ َﻣﻠ ِﺎن أ ْﺳ َﻮ َد ِان‬:‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬3
، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬. ُ ‫اﻟﻨ ِﻜ‬ ‫ﺎل َﻷ َﺣﺪ َﻤﺎ ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﻨ َﻜ ُﺮ َو ْاﻵ َﺧ ُﺮ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫ﻘ‬َ ‫َأ ْز َر َﻗﺎن ُﻳ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
(1071 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،258 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) reported Allah’s Messenger as saying,

“When the dead is buried two black and blue angels, one called al-
Munkar and the other an-Nakir.” (Al-Tirmidhi, The Book of Funerals,
Chapter about the torment of the grave, p. 258, No. 1071)

This hadith mentions the angel Munkar Nakir

Angels are Subject to Allah's Command

The Quran says:

‫ن‬َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ‫َ ْ َ ٌ ُ ْ َ ُ َن َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ل‬
21:26- ‫ ﻻ ﺴ ِﺒﻘﻮﻧﮫ ِﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮ ِ و ﻢ ِﺑﺄﻣ ِﺮ ِﻩ ﻌﻤﻠﻮ ]اﻷﻧ ﻴﺎء‬ ‫ ﺑﻞ ِﻋﺒﺎد ﻣﻜﺮﻣﻮ‬8
[27

“They are but (His) honored servants. They do not precede Him in
speech, and only under His command they act.” [21:26-27]

َ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ‫ َو ْاﻟ َﻤ َﻼﺋ َﻜ ُﺔ َو ُ ْﻢ َﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻜ‬9

‫ َﻳﺨﺎﻓﻮن َ ﱠر ُ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻓ ْﻮ ِﻗ ِ ْﻢ َو َ ْﻔ َﻌﻠﻮن َﻣﺎ‬ ‫ون‬ ِ ِ
[16:50-51 ‫ُﻳ ْﺆ َﻣ ُﺮو َن ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬

“and the angels, and they show no arrogance. They fear their Lord
above them and do as they are commanded.” [16:50-51]

In these verses, it is stated that the angels do not disobey but only
follow the command of Allah. This is their instinct and nature.

Our belief is that man is superior to the angels, and that the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬is superior to all angels, and to all the prophets and messengers,
and that the greatest rank after Allah is that of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.
21 – Angels | 321

See its description in Chapter: 06, under title of Noor and Bashar.

These were 9 verses and 3 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 322

22 – Jinn

There are 8 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief, you can see the
details of each in the following lines:

The following verse shows that Allah created the jinn before man. But
for the sake of expediency, Allah created man later, and settled them
on earth.

Jinn are Born of Fire

This is mentioned in the Quran:

[15:27 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ ُﻤ ِﻮم ]ا‬ ‫ َوا ْ َ ﱠ‬1

‫ﺎن َﺧ َﻠ ْﻘ َﻨ ُﺎﻩ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﺒ ُﻞ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻧﺎر ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ

“As for the Jann (the first Jinn), We had created him earlier from the
fire of the scorching wind.” [15:27]

َ ‫ َو َﺧ َﻠ َﻖ ا ْ َ ﱠ‬2
[55:15 ‫ﺎن ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ ِﺎر ٍج ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ٍﺎر ]اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬

“and created Jann (father of the Jinn) from a smokeless flame of fire.”
[55:15]

In these verses it is said that the jinn were created from fire.

Man is born of dust

This verse proves that man is born of dust.

ًَ َ َ َ ‫ُ ﱠ‬ ُ َََ ‫ﱠ‬
[6:2 ‫ُ َﻮ اﻟ ِﺬي ﺧﻠﻘﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ ِﻃ ٍن ﺛﻢ ﻗ أﺟﻼ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬
ْ ْ 3
22 – Jinn | 323

“He is the One who created you from clay, then destined a term. The
fixed term lies with Him, yet you are in doubt.” [6:2]

In this verse it is said that man was created from dust.

ً َ ْ َ ْ ُ ََ َ ‫َ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ ُ ْ ْ ُ َ ُ ﱠ ْ ُ َْ ُ ﱠ‬
[35:11 ‫اب ﺛﻢ ِﻣﻦ ﻧﻄﻔ ٍﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺟﻌﻠﻜﻢ أزواﺟﺎ ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‬ ٍ ‫ واﻟﻠﮫ ﺧﻠﻘﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ ﺗﺮ‬4
“Allah has created you from dust, then from a drop of semen, then He
made you couples.” [35:11]

It is also stated in this verse that man was created from dust.

Some Jinn are Good and Some are Bad

Some of the jinn are good and some of them are bad. However, since
they are born of fire, there are less good and more bad.

This verse proves that some of them are virtuous:

ْ َ ً َ َ ً َْ ُ َ ْ َ ‫ُ ْ ُ َ َ ﱠ َﱠ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ٌ َ ْ ّ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ِﺪي‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ أو ِ ِإ أﻧﮫ اﺳﺘﻤﻊ ﻧﻔﺮ ِﻣﻦ ا ِ ِﻦ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا ِإﻧﺎ ﺳ ِﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻗﺮآﻧﺎ ﺒﺎ‬5
ً َ َ َ َّ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ‫َ ﱡ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
[72:1-2 ‫ِإ اﻟﺮﺷ ِﺪ ﻓﺂﻣﻨﺎ ِﺑ ِﮫ وﻟﻦ ﺸ ِﺮك ِﺑﺮِ ﻨﺎ أﺣﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬

“Say, It has been revealed to me that a group from Jinn has listened
(to the Qur‘an), and said (to their people), Indeed we have heard an
amazing Recital (Qur‘an) that guides to the right way, so we have
believed in it, and we will never associate a partner with our Lord.”
[72:1-2]

In this verse it is said that some jinn embraced Islam.

The jinn and humans have been created to worship Allah

‫ََ ََْ ُ ْ ﱠ َ ْ ْ َ ﱠ‬
[51:56 ‫ﺲ ِإﻻ ِﻟ َﻴ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪو ِن ]اﻟﺬار ﺎت‬ ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻘﺖ ا ِ ﻦ و‬6
‫اﻹ‬
324 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“I did not create the Jinns and the human beings except for the
purpose that they should worship Me.” [51:56]

Jinn Trouble Humans But not as much as People Think Today

Here are some hadiths regarding the same:

‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ " ِإ ﱠن ِﻋ ْﻔ ِﺮ ًﺘﺎ ِﻣ َﻦ‬:‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬:‫ وﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ر ِ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل‬1
‫ﱠ‬ َ ََ ََ ‫ْ ّ َ َﱠ َ َْ َ َ َ ْ ََ ََ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺻﻼ ِ ﻲ ﻓﺄ ْﻣﻜ َﻨ ِ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ‬ ‫ا ِ ِﻦ ﺗﻔﻠﺖ اﻟﺒﺎ ِرﺣﺔ ِﻟﻴﻘﻄﻊ ﻋ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﺟﻮاز‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬461 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،80 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻷﺳ أو اﻟﻐﺮ ﻢ ﯾﺮ ﻂ اﻟﻤ ﺪ‬
(1209/51 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،220 ‫ ص‬،‫ و اﻟﺘﻌﻮذ ﻣﻨﮫ‬،‫ﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﺸﯿﻄﺎن أﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺼﻼة‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) reported Allah’s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying,

“An ‘ifrit of the jinn escaped yesterday to interrupt my prayer, but
Allah gave me power over him.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, The Book of
Prayer, Chapter of the Prisoner or the Lover is Tied in the Mosque, pg.
80, No. 461; Sahih Muslim, The Book of the Mosques, chapter
Permissibility to cursing Satan during prayer, and seeking refuge from
Him, page 220, No. 51/1209)

From this hadith it was known that jinn disturb man.

‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ اﺳﺘ ﻮت ا ﻦ زوﺟ ﺎ ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺎ أن‬،‫ أﺗﺖ اﻣﺮأة ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا ﻄﺎب‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﻗﺎل‬2
(3848/3803 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،217 ‫ ص‬،3 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤ ﺮ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻨ ﺎح‬، ‫ )اﻟﺪار ﻗﻄ‬.‫ﺗ ﺑﺺ ار ﻊ ﺳﻨ ن‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Uthman that a woman came to

Hadhrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (raz) whose husband had been
kidnapped by Jinn, so Umar ordered her to observe 'iddah for four
months.” (Al-Dar Qutni, The Book of Marriage, Chapter of the Dowry,
Part 3, p. 217, No. 3803/3848)

It is clear from this statement of the Sahabi that jinn can fly away with
a human being. These hadiths establish that jinn disturb man.
22 – Jinn | 325

Beware of Jinn Contractors

But nowadays the situation is that usually the amulets and the ones
who cast out demons have no knowledge, they have learned less
amulets and more cunning from their teacher, so such persons very
cunningly cheat people. He will say, for example, that you have been
bewitched by people close to you, you have the influence of the jinn.

If he gives amulet and in two months nothing happened and you went
to him again, then he says that I drove out two jinn, now five jinn of
his family have attacked again, now it will take another two months
to get them out, and he will demand another five thousand rupees,
so he keeps demanding money for many months, and nothing
happens. It has also been seen these persons fill people’s hearts with
the fear of jinn, which does not come out quickly; therefore such
people should be avoided.

Satan is also Born of Fire

Satan is also from the family of the jinn, and he was created from fire,
but because of his worship, he became one of the angels, and when
the angels were asked by Allah to prostrate before Adam, Satan did
not prostrate, and argued that he was born of fire, and his status is
higher than man, so he will not prostrate to man.

This is mentioned in the following verse:

ََ َ ََ َ ََ َ َ َ ُْ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َﱠ‬
‫ﺎل أﻧﺎ ﺧ ْ ٌ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ ﺧﻠ ْﻘ َﺘ ِ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ٍﺎر َوﺧﻠ ْﻘ َﺘ ُﮫ‬‫ﺪ ِإذ أﻣﺮﺗﻚ ﻗ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻌﻚ أﻻ‬7
[7:12 ‫ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻃ ٍن ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬

“Allah said, .What has prevented you from prostrating when I ordered
you?. He said, .I am better than him. You have created me of fire, and
created him of clay.” [7:12]
326 | Samarat al-Aqaid

In this verse it is said that Satan was born of fire. Later he was
banished forever.

Man Cannot See Satan and His Tribe

The Quran says:

َ َ ُ ُ َ ُ
[7:27 ‫ ِإ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻳ َﺮاﻛ ْﻢ ُ َﻮ َوﻗ ِﺒﻴﻠ ُﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ْﻴﺚ ﻻ ﺗ َﺮ ْو َ ُ ْﻢ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬8

“Indeed, he sees you - he and his company - from where you do not
see them.” [7:27]

This verse says that we cannot see Satan, so we should try our best to
avoid him.

These were 8 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 327

23 – Hashr (Resurrection)

There are 18 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief, the details are as
follows:

Some people think that after we die we will not be resurrected in

Barzakh, nor will there be any reckoning, but after we die we will
become dust and perish. This is the belief of atheists. While, Allah says
that each one will be resurrected after death, he will have to give an
account of what he did on the Day of Resurrection, and then he will
be sent either to Paradise or to Hell.

Hashr means that Allah will resurrect man in the grave, and then bring
him to the Day of Judgment, and there will be reckoning.

This is established by several verses:

ً ُْ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُْ ُ ُ ْ ََ ‫ﱡ‬ َ
[20:102 ‫ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ُﻳ ْﻨﻔ ُﺦ ِ اﻟﺼﻮ ِر وﻧﺤﺸﺮ ا ِﺮ ِﻣ ن ﻳﻮﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ زرﻗﺎ ]ﻃﮫ‬1

“The Day when the Horn (Sur) will be blown, and We shall gather
them together while they will have turned blue on that Day.” [20:102]

َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ََ ُ ّ َ ُ ْ ‫ََ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ ُ ّ ُ ﱠ َ ْ ً ﱠ‬
[27:83 ‫ﻮز ُﻋﻮن ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬‫ و ﻮم ﻧﺤﺸﺮ ِﻣﻦ ِﻞ أﻣ ٍﺔ ﻓﻮﺟﺎ ِﻣﻤﻦ ﻳﻜ ِﺬب ِﺑﺂﻳﺎ ِﺗﻨﺎ ﻓ ﻢ ﻳ‬2

“And (remember) the day when We will gather from every nation a
host of those who used to reject Our verses, and they will be kept
under control.” [27:83]
328 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ً َ َ ْ ُْ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َْ َ َ َ ً َ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ّ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ
 ‫ و ﻮم ﺴ ِ ا ِ ﺒﺎل وﺗﺮى اﻷرض ﺑ ِﺎرزة وﺣﺸﺮﻧﺎ ﻢ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻐ ِﺎدر ِﻣ ﻢ أﺣﺪا‬3
ْ‫ﺻﻔﺎ َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ ﺟ ْﺌ ُﺘ ُﻤ َﻮﻧﺎ َﻛ َﻤﺎ َﺧ َﻠ ْﻘ َﻨ ُﺎﻛ ْﻢ َأ ﱠو َل َﻣ ﱠﺮ ٍة َﺑ ْﻞ َز َﻋ ْﻤ ُﺘ ْﻢ َأ ﱠﻟ ْﻦ َﻧ ْﺠ َﻌ َﻞ َﻟ ُﻜﻢ‬
َ ‫ﺿﻮا َﻋ َ َرّ َﻚ‬
ُ ‫َو ُﻋﺮ‬
ِ ِ ِ
[18:47-48 ‫َﻣ ْﻮ ِﻋ ًﺪا ]اﻟﻜ ﻒ‬

“And (visualize) the Day when We will make mountains move, and
you will see the earth fully exposed, and We shall gather them
together, so as not to leave a single one of them. And they shall be
presented lined-up before your Lord. (It will be said to them,) .Lo! You
have come to Us just as We had created you for the first time, while
you claimed that We would not make any appointed time for you.”
[18:47-48]

It is clear from these verses that the Hour will come.

The Dead will be Resurrected

The dead will be resurrected, they will be taken for the Judgment, and
they will be called to account.

Here are some verses regarding the same:

ْ َ
‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ِإ ﱠﻧ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ َم اﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ ُﺗ ْﺒ َﻌ ُﺜﻮ َن ]اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮن‬ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ِإ ﱠﻧ ُﻜ ْﻢ َ ْﻌ َﺪ َذ ِﻟ َﻚ ﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ ُﺘﻮ َن‬4
[23:15-16

“Then, after all this, you are to die. Then you are to be raised again on
the Day of Judgment.” [23:15-16]

ٌ َ ْ َ ّ ُ ََ ُ ‫ََﱠ ُ ُ ْ ْ َ َْ ََﱠ‬
[22:6 ‫ وأﻧﮫ ﻳﺤ ِ اﻟﻤﻮ ﻰ وأﻧﮫ ﻋ ِﻞ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪﻳﺮ ]ا‬5

“That is because Allah is the truth, and that He gives life to the dead,
and that He is powerful to do everything.” [22:6]
23 – Hashr (Resurrection) | 329

َ َ ُ َ َ ْ
[42:9 ‫ َو ُ َﻮ ُﻳ ْﺤ ِ اﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ﻰ َو ُ َﻮ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬6

“and He gives life to the dead, and He is Powerful to do every thing.”

[42:9]

َ‫( ُﻗ ْﻞ ُﻳ ْﺤﻴ َ ﺎ ﱠاﻟﺬي َأ ْ َﺸ َﺄ َ ﺎ َأ ﱠو َل َﻣ ﱠﺮة َو ُ ﻮ‬78) ‫ﻴﻢ‬

ٌ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ر‬َ َ ‫و‬َ ‫ﺎل َﻣ ْﻦ ُﻳ ْﺤ ْاﻟﻌ َﻈ َﺎم‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬
َ
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ 7
[36:78-79 ‫ﻴﻢ ] ﺲ‬ ٌ ‫ﺑ ُ ّﻞ َﺧ ْﻠﻖ َﻋ ِﻠ‬
ٍ ِ ِ
“He said, Who will give life to the bones when they are decayed? Say,
These will be revived by the same One who had created them for the
first time, and who is fully aware of every creation.” [36:78-79]

These verses say that the dead will be resurrected.

Allah Almighty Will Be the Owner of the Day of Judgment

ّ ‫ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ َﻳ ْﻮم‬8
[1:3 ‫اﻟﺪ ِﻳﻦ ]اﻟﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ

“the Master of the Day of Requital.” [1:3]

َْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ْ ْ
[40:16 ‫ ِﻟ َﻤ ِﻦ اﻟ ُﻤﻠ ُﻚ اﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ َم ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ اﻟ َﻮ ِاﺣ ِﺪ اﻟﻘ ﱠ ِﺎر ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬9

“To whom belongs the kingdom today? To Allah alone, the One, the
All-Dominant.” [40:16]

In these verses, it is said that Allah is the master of the Day of

Judgment, no one else will be its master.

Everyone Will Be Accounted for in the Hereafter

There will be a full reckoning in the Hereafter, and the record of all
the good and evil deeds done in life will be presented to man, and all
will be reckoned, whoever succeeds in reckoning, Allah will grant him
330 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Paradise, and whoever will fail, Allah Almighty will cast him into Hell.
Therefore, one should never think that he will not be held
accountable, one should not be in this misunderstanding.

The Quran says:

َ َ َ ُ ْ ُْ ََ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َ
‫ﺎب ﻓ َ ى ا ْ ِﺮ ِﻣ َن ُﻣﺸ ِﻔ ِﻘ َن ِﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ َو َ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮن َﻳﺎ َو ْ ﻠ َﺘ َﻨﺎ َﻣ ِﺎل َ ﺬا‬ ‫ وو ِﺿﻊ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬10
ْ َ َ ‫ﺼﺎ َ ﺎ َو َو َﺟ ُﺪوا َﻣﺎ َﻋﻤ ُﻠﻮا‬ َ
َ ‫ﺻﻐ َ ًة َوَﻻ َﻛﺒ َ ًة إ ﱠﻻ أ ْﺣ‬ َ ‫ْاﻟﻜ َﺘﺎب َﻻ ُ َﻐﺎد ُر‬
‫ﺎﺿ ًﺮا َوﻻ َﻳﻈ ِﻠ ُﻢ َرﱡ َﻚ‬ ِ ‫ﺣ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ َ
[18:49 ‫أ َﺣ ًﺪا ]اﻟﻜ ﻒ‬

“And the book (of deeds) will be placed (before them), then you will
see the guilty people scared of its contents and saying, .Woe to us!
What a book is this! It has missed nothing, minor or major, but has
taken it into account. Thus they will find whatever they did present
before them, and your Lord will not wrong anyone.” [18:49]

َ ‫ َﻓ َﺴ ْﻮ َف ُﻳ َﺤ‬ ‫ َﻓ َﺄ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ ُأو َﻲ ﻛ َﺘ َﺎﺑ ُﮫ ﺑ َﻴﻤﻴﻨﮫ‬11

‫ﺎﺳ ُﺐ ِﺣ َﺴ ًﺎﺑﺎ َ ِﺴ ًا‬ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
[84:7-8 ‫]اﻹ ﺸﻘﺎق‬

“So, as for him whose book (of deeds) will be given to him in his right
hand, he will be called to account in an easy manner.” [84:7-8]

ً َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َْ ْ
[17:14 ‫ اﻗﺮأ ِﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ ﻛﻔﻰ ِﺑﻨﻔ ِﺴﻚ اﻟﻴﻮم ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺣ ِﺴ ﺒﺎ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬12

“(and We will say to him) .Read your book. Enough are you today to
take your own account.” [17:14]

َ ْ ُ َ َ‫َ ْ َ ﱠُ ُ ﱠ َْ َ َ َ َ ْ ﱠ ﱠ‬
ٍ ‫ ِﻟﻴﺠ ِﺰي اﻟﻠﮫ ﻞ ﻧﻔ‬13
ِ ‫ﺲ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺴ ﺖ ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﺳ ِﺮ ﻊ ا ِ ﺴ‬
[14:51 ‫ﺎب ]إﺑﺮا ﻴﻢ‬

“so that Allah repays everyone in full whatever he earned. Indeed,

Allah is swift at reckoning.” [14:51]
23 – Hashr (Resurrection) | 331

‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ُ ُ ُ ْ ُ َْ ْ ُ ُ َْ َ ُ ُْ ْ َ
[2:284 ‫ﺎﺳ ْﺒﻜ ْﻢ ِﺑ ِﮫ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
ِ ‫ و ِ ن ﺗﺒﺪوا ﻣﺎ ِ أﻧﻔ ِﺴﻜﻢ أو ﺗﺨﻔﻮﻩ ﻳﺤ‬14

“If you disclose what is in your hearts or conceal it, Allah shall hold
you accountable for it,” [2:284]

These verses say that Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬will reckon everyone on the Day of
Resurrection.

The Book of Deed Will be Handed Over on the Day of

Resurrection

On the Day of Resurrection, the Book of Deeds will be given in the

hands, so those who are righteous their book of deeds will be given
in their right hands, while those who will be sinners their book of
deeds will be given in their left hands. The Quran says:

َ ‫ َﻓ َﺴ ْﻮ َف ُﻳ َﺤ‬ ‫ َﻓ َﺄ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ ُأو َﻲ ﻛ َﺘ َﺎﺑ ُﮫ ﺑ َﻴﻤﻴﻨﮫ‬15

ُ‫ َو َ ْﻨ َﻘ ِﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺎﺳ ُﺐ ِﺣ َﺴ ًﺎﺑﺎ َ ِﺴ ً ا‬ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ً ُ ُ ُ َْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ََ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ََﱠ‬
ُ ً ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ
‫ ﻓﺴﻮف ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺛﺒﻮرا ]اﻹ ﺸﻘﺎق‬ ‫ وأﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ أو ِ ﻲ ِﻛﺘﺎﺑﮫ وراء ﻇ ِﺮ ِﻩ‬ ‫ِإ أ ِﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﺴﺮورا‬
[84:7-11

“So, as for him whose book (of deeds) will be given to him in his right
hand, and he will go back to his people joyfully. As for the one whose
book (of deeds) will be given to him from his backside, he will pray for
death.” [84:7-11]

ْ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ‫َ َ ُ ُل‬ َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ‫ََﱠ‬
[69:19 ‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ أو ِ ﻲ ِﻛﺘﺎﺑﮫ ِﺑﻴ ِﻤﻴ ِﻨ ِﮫ ﻓﻴﻘﻮ ﺎؤم اﻗﺮءوا ِﻛﺘ ِﺎﺑﻴﮫ ]ا ﺎﻗﺔ‬16

“Now, as for him who is given his book in his right hand, he will say
(to his colleagues), Come here, read my book.” [69:19]

ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ََْ َ ُ ََُ َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ‫ََﱠ‬

[69:25 ‫ وأﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ أو ِ ﻲ ِﻛﺘﺎﺑﮫ ِ ِﺸﻤ ِﺎﻟ ِﮫ ﻓﻴﻘﻮل ﻳﺎ ﻟﻴﺘ ِ ﻟﻢ أوت ِﻛﺘ ِﺎﺑﻴﮫ ]ا ﺎﻗﺔ‬17
332 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“As for him who will be given his book in his left hand, he will say, .
Oh, would that I had not been given my book,” [69:25]

These verses say that the Book of Deeds will be handed over on the
Day of Resurrection.

The Bridge will be Set Up

On the Day of Resurrection, a bridge will be set up, and people will
have to cross it. Those wo are pious shall cross it and reach Paradise,
while those who are sinners will fail and fall into Hell. The Quran says:
‫ُ ﱠ‬
[19:71 ‫ َو ِ ْن ِﻣ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ ِإﻻ َوا ِر ُد َ ﺎ ]ﻣﺮ ﻢ‬18

“There is none among you who does not have to arrive at it.” [19:71]

ُ ‫ﱡ‬ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ََ ُ َْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ّ َ ُ َْ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺮاط ﺑ ن ﻇ ﺮا ﻲ ﺟ ﻨﻢ ﻓﺄ ﻮن أو ﻣﻦ ﻳﺠﻮ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺳ ِﻞ‬
‫ز‬ ‫ل‬ ِ ‫ ﻓﻴﻀﺮب‬... ‫ أن أﺑﺎ ﺮ ﺮة أﺧ ﻤﺎ‬1
ُ
(806 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،130 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ اﻟ ﻮد‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻷذان‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ِﺑﺄ ﱠﻣ ِﺘ ِﮫ‬

Hadhrat Aba Hurirah (raz) narrated: … and then As-Sirat (the bridge)
will be laid across Hell and I (Muhammad) shall be the first amongst
the Apostles to cross it with my followers.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-
Azan, Bab Fadhl al-Sujood, p. 130, No. 806)

ّ ََ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ‫َ ْ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺼ َﺮ‬
‫اط‬ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤ ِﻐ ِة ﺑ ِﻦ ﺷﻌﺒﺔ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِﺷﻌﺎر اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻦ ﻋ‬2
ّ ّ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،554 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﺷﺄن اﻟﺼﺮاط‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫َر ِ ّب َﺳ ِﻠ ْﻢ َﺳ ِﻠ ْﻢ‬
( 2432

Hadhrat Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (raz) narrated that The Messenger

of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "The sign of the believers upon the Sirat is: O lord,
protect (us), protect (us).'" (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab Sifat al-Qiyamah,
p. 554, No. 2432)
23 – Hashr (Resurrection) | 333

From this verse and both hadiths, it is known that a straight bridge
will be built over Hell.

There are 18 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 334

24 – Mizan (The Scales)

There are 2 verses and a hadiths about this belief, the details are as
follows:

On the Day of Resurrection, the scales will be set up to weigh the

deeds. The details of how the scales will be weighed are not known
but to Allah, but it is known from the Quran and Hadith that on the
Day of Resurrection there will be scales to weigh the deeds of people.

In the past, philosophers objected to how deeds would be weighed if

they did not have a body, but in nowadays they measure fever and
heartbeat, and measure the finer things, so now this objection is
more.

Deeds will be weighed in the scales, it is mentioned in the Quran:

َ ‫ﺎن ِﻣ ْﺜ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎل‬ ٌ ‫ﻂ ِﻟ َﻴ ْﻮم ْاﻟ ِﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣ ِﺔ َﻓ َﻼ ُﺗ ْﻈ َﻠ ُﻢ َﻧ ْﻔ‬
َ َ ‫ﺲ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َو ْن‬ َ ْ ْ َ َ َْ ُ َ ََ
‫ وﻧﻀﻊ اﻟﻤﻮا ِز ﻦ اﻟ ِﻘﺴ‬1
ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َََْ َ ْ َ ْ ‫َ ﱠ‬
[21:47 ‫ﺎﺳ ِﺒ ن ]اﻷﻧ ﻴﺎء‬ ِ ‫ﺣﺒ ٍﺔ ِﻣﻦ ﺧﺮد ٍل أﺗ ﻨﺎ ِ ﺎ وﻛﻔﻰ ِﺑﻨﺎ ﺣ‬

“We shall place scales to do justice on the Day of Judgment. So no one

shall be wronged in the least. Even if it (a deed) is to the measure of
a mustard seed, We will bring it forth, and We are enough to take
account.” [21:47]

َ ْ َ َُ َ َ َ ْ ْ
‫ َو َﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫ َواﻟ َﻮ ْز ُن َﻳ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ ا َ ﱡﻖ ﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ ﺛ ُﻘﻠ ْﺖ َﻣ َﻮا ِز ُﻨ ُﮫ ﻓﺄوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ ُ ُﻢ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﻔ ِ ُ ﻮن‬2
‫ن‬َ ُ ْ َ َ ََ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َْ ُ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ْ َ َ ُ ُ َُ َ َ ﱠ‬
7:8- ‫ﺧﻔﺖ ﻣﻮا ِز ﻨﮫ ﻓﺄوﻟ ِﺌﻚ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﺧ ِﺴﺮوا أﻧﻔﺴ ﻢ ِﺑﻤﺎ ﺎﻧﻮا ِﺑﺂﻳﺎ ِﺗﻨﺎ ﻳﻈ ِﻠﻤﻮ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬
[9
23 – Hashr (Resurrection) | 335

“The Weighing (of deeds) on that day is definite. As for those whose
scales are heavy, they will be the successful ones. But those whose
scales are light, they are the ones who have brought loss to
themselves, because they did not do justice to Our verses.” [7:8-9]

These verses mention the scales. The following hadith also mentions
it:
ََ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠ َ ﺎ َذ َﻛ َﺮت ﱠ‬: ،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬1
َ ‫ َﻗ‬... ‫اﻟﻨ َﺎر َﻓ َﺒ َﻜ ْﺖ‬
‫ " أ ﱠﻣﺎ ِ ﺛﻼﺛ ِﺔ‬: ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ِ ِ
ُ ْ َ ُ ُ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ْ ً َ ٌ َ ُ ْ َ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫ ِﻋﻨﺪ اﻟ ِﻤ ِان ﺣ ْﻌﻠ َﻢ أ َﻳ ِﺨﻒ ِﻣ اﻧﮫ أ ْو َﻳﺜﻘ ُﻞ‬: ‫اﻃ َﻦ ﻓﻼ َﻳﺬﻛ ُﺮ أﺣﺪ أﺣﺪا‬
َ َ َ َ ََ
ِ ‫ﻣﻮ‬
(4755 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،682 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻤ ان‬

Hadhrat ‘A’ishah (raz) said that she thought of Hell and wept… Then,
the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “There are three places where no
one will remember anyone: at the scale until one knows whether his
weight is light or heavy…” (Abu Dawud, Bab fi Zikr Al-Mizan, p. 682,
No. 4755)

This hadith mentions scales and weight of deeds.

There are 2 verses and 1 hadith about this belief, the details of which
you have seen.
 | 336

25 - Allah has Created Paradise

There are 14 verses and 3 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which are as follows:

Earlier there was some disagreement as to whether Heaven and Hell

have just been created. Some people were of the view that Heaven
and Hell have not been created yet, but will be created after the
Resurrection because there is no need for it yet. But looking in the
verses, it becomes clear that Allah Almighty has created the Heaven
and Hell.

Here are the verses from the Quran:

ْ ُ ُ َْ ْ َ ُ َ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[3:133 ‫ض أ ِﻋ ﱠﺪ ْت ِﻟﻠ ُﻤ ﱠﺘ ِﻘ َن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫ وﺟﻨ ٍﺔ ﻋﺮﺿ ﺎ اﻟﺴﻤﻮات واﻷر‬1

“and towards a paradise the width of which spans the heavens and
the earth. It has been prepared for the God-fearing.” [3:133]

َ َ َ ُ َ َْ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ‫َ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ ي‬
[9:89 ‫ﺎت ﺗﺠ ِﺮ ِﻣﻦ ﺗﺤ ِ ﺎ اﻷ ﺎر ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ِﺪﻳﻦ ِﻓ ﺎ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬
ٍ ‫ أﻋﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟ ﻢ ﺟﻨ‬2

“Allah has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow
where they will live forever.” [9:89]
َ َ ْ ََ ْ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ ْ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْ َ ُﺎر َﺧﺎﻟﺪ‬
[9:100 ‫ﻳﻦ ِﻓ َ ﺎ أ َﺑ ًﺪا ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬ ِِ ‫ﺎت ﺗﺠ ِﺮي ﺗﺤ ﺎ‬
ٍ ‫ وأﻋﺪ ﻟ ﻢ ﺟﻨ‬3

“and He has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow,
where they will live for ever.” [9:100]

It is also mentioned in hadith:

25 - Allah has Created Paradise | 337
َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬1
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻌﺎ أ ْﻋ َﺪ ْد ُت‬ ِ ِ
َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ٌ ُ ُ َ َ ْ ََ ٌ ْ َ َ َ َ
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ وﻻ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻋ ﻗﻠ ِﺐ ﺸ ٍﺮ‬،‫ وﻻ أذن ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ‬،‫ِﻟ ِﻌ َﺒ ِﺎدي اﻟﺼﺎ ِ ِ ن ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻋ ن رأت‬ ‫ﱠ‬
(4780 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،840 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﺴ‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﺳﻮرة اﻟ ﺪة‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that the Prophet ‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Allah
said, 'I have prepared for My pious worshipers such things as no eye
has ever seen, no ear has ever heard of, and nobody has ever thought
of.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Bab Surat Al-Sajdah, Kitab al-Tafsir, p. 840, No.
4780)

These verses and the hadith mentioned with the past tense that
means ‘prepared’ and it establishes that heaven and hell have already
been created.

Allah has Created Hell

Here are the verses:

َْ ُُ ْ ُ ‫َ ﱠُ ﱠ َ ﱠ َُ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[2:24 ‫ﺎس َوا ِ َ ﺎ َرة أ ِﻋ ﱠﺪ ْت ِﻟﻠ ﺎ ِﻓ ِﺮ َﻦ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬‫ ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮا اﻟﻨﺎر اﻟ ِ وﻗﻮد ﺎ اﻟﻨ‬4

“then guard yourselves against the Fire, the fuel of which will be men
and stones. It has been prepared for disbelievers.” [2:24]
َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[48:6 ‫ َوﻏ ِﻀ َﺐ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ َوﻟ َﻌ َ ُ ْﻢ َوأ َﻋ ﱠﺪ ﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﺟ َ ﱠﻨ َﻢ َو َﺳ َﺎء ْت َﻣ ِﺼ ً ا ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬5

“Bound for them there is a vicious circle, and Allah has become angry
with them, and He has prepared Jahannam (Hell) for them, and it is
an evil destination.” [48:6]

َ َْ ْ ‫َ ﱠُ ﱠ َ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
[3:131 ‫ واﺗﻘﻮا اﻟﻨﺎر اﻟ ِ أ ِﻋﺪت ِﻟﻠ ﺎ ِﻓ ِﺮ ﻦ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬6

“and fear the Fire that has been prepared for the disbelievers.”
[3:131]
338 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is clear from these verses that Allah has already created Hell.

Allah will Keep Heaven and Hell Forever

َْ َ َ ‫َ ُْ ُُ ْ َﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ََُ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت ﺗ ْﺠ ِﺮي ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺗ ْﺤ ِ َ ﺎ اﻷ ْ َ ُﺎر‬
ٍ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺧ‬ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺎت‬
ِ ِ
َ ‫اﻟﺼﺎ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻮا‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا وﻋ ِﻤ‬7
ً َ َ َ َ َ
[4:57 ‫ﺧﺎ ِﻟ ِﺪﻳﻦ ِﻓ ﺎ أﺑﺪا ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“Those who believe and do good deeds, We shall admit them to

gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they will live forever.”
[4:57]
َْ َ َ ‫َ ُْ ُُ ْ َﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ََُ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت ﺗ ْﺠ ِﺮي ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺗ ْﺤ ِ َ ﺎ اﻷ ْ َ ُﺎر‬
ٍ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺧ‬ ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻨ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺎت‬
ِ ِ
َ ‫اﻟﺼﺎ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻮا‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا وﻋ ِﻤ‬8
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫َﺧﺎﻟﺪ‬
[4:122 ‫ﻳﻦ ِﻓ َ ﺎ أ َﺑ ًﺪا َو ْﻋ َﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﺣﻘﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬ ِِ

“Those who believe and do good deeds, We shall admit them to the
gardens beneath which rivers flow. They shall live there forever, it
being a real promise from Allah” [4:122]

َ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ ُ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
[39:72 ‫ ِﻗﻴﻞ ادﺧﻠﻮا أﺑﻮاب ﺟ ﻨﻢ ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ِﺪﻳﻦ ِﻓ ﺎ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬9

“It will be said, Enter the gates of Jahannam to live in it forever.”

[39:72]
َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
[72:23 ‫ﺺ اﻟﻠ َﮫ َو َر ُﺳﻮﻟ ُﮫ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠن ﻟ ُﮫ ﻧ َﺎر َﺟ َ ﱠﻨ َﻢ ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ِﺪﻳﻦ ِﻓ ﺎ أﺑﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬
ً َ
ِ
ْ َ ‫ َو َﻣ ْﻦ‬10
‫ﻌ‬

“The one who disobeys Allah and His Messenger, for him there is the
fire of Hell, wherein such people will live forever.” [72:23]

It is known from these verses that the heaven will remain forever and
the hell will also remain forever.
25 - Allah has Created Paradise | 339

Heaven is a Place of Luxury

The Quran says:

ََ َ ُ ‫ ُ ْﻢ َو َأ ْز َو‬ ‫ﺎب ا ْ َ ﱠﻨﺔ ْاﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ َم ُﺷ ُﻐﻞ َﻓﺎﻛ ُ ﻮ َن‬

‫اﺟ ُ ْﻢ ِ ِﻇﻼ ٍل ﻋ‬ َ َ ْ ‫ إ ﱠن َأ‬11
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ
َ‫ْ َ َ ُ ﱠ ُ َن َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ﱠ ُ ن‬
[36:55-57 ‫ ﻟ ﻢ ِﻓ ﺎ ﻓ ِﺎﻛ ﺔ وﻟ ﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ] ﺲ‬ ‫اﻷرا ِﺋ ِﻚ ﻣﺘ ِﻜﺌﻮ‬

“The people of the Paradise are engaged today in (their) activities,

happily enjoying (them). They and their spouses are in pleasant
shades, reclining on couches. For them there are fruits, and for them
there is whatever they ask for.” [36:55-57]

Hell is a Place of Torment

َ َْ ْ ‫َ ﱠُ ﱠ َ ﱠ َ ُ ُ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ َُ ُ ﱠ‬
[2:24 ‫ ﻓﺎﺗﻘﻮا اﻟﻨﺎر اﻟ ِ وﻗﻮد ﺎ اﻟﻨﺎس وا ِ ﺎرة أ ِﻋﺪت ِﻟﻠ ﺎ ِﻓ ِﺮ ﻦ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬12

“then guard yourselves against the Fire, the fuel of which will be men
and stones. It has been prepared for disbelievers.” [2:24]

In addition, there are many verses that have already passed.

One who Enters Paradise will Remain there Forever

He who once enters Paradise will always be there, he will never be

taken out of it. But if anyone has faith, and enters hell to be punished
for a sin, then he will be taken out of hell someday, and will be
admitted to heaven.

He will live in heaven forever, the Quran says:

ُ‫ﻳﻦ ِﻓ َ ﺎ َذ ِﻟ َﻚ ْاﻟ َﻔ ْﻮ ُز ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻈﻴﻢ‬ َْ َ ْ َ ْ

َ ‫اﻷ ْ َ ُﺎر َﺧﺎﻟﺪ‬ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ُ َ ُ‫َ َﱠ ﱠ‬
ِِ ‫ﺎت ﺗﺠ ِﺮي ِﻣﻦ ﺗﺤ ِ ﺎ‬
ٍ ‫ أﻋﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟ ﻢ ﺟﻨ‬13
[9:89 ‫]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬
340 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Allah has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow
where they will live forever. That is the supreme achievement.” [9:89]
َْ َ ْ َ ْ
ُ‫اﻷ ْ َ ﺎر‬ ْ َ ‫َ ُْ ُُ ْ َﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ََُ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ي‬
‫ﺎت ﺗﺠ ِﺮ ِﻣﻦ ﺗﺤ ِ ﺎ‬
ٍ ‫ﺎت ﺳﻨﺪ ِﺧﻠ ﻢ ﺟﻨ‬
ِ ِ ‫ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا وﻋ ِﻤﻠﻮا اﻟﺼﺎ‬14
َ ‫َ َ ََ ً َ ْ َ ﱠ‬ َ
[4:122 ‫ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ِﺪﻳﻦ ِﻓ ﺎ أﺑﺪا وﻋﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺣﻘﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“Those who believe and do good deeds, We shall admit them to the
gardens beneath which rivers flow. They shall live there forever, it
being a real promise from Allah” [4:122]

And the believer will be taken out of Hell. Here is the hadith that
establish it:
َ ْ َ َ
‫ﺎل " َﻳﺨ ُﺮ ُج ﻗ ْﻮ ٌم ِﻣ َﻦ ا ﱠﻟﻨ ِﺎر‬ ‫ﺼ ْ ن ٍ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ـ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﻨﺎ ﻋ ْﻤ َﺮ‬2
َ ‫ان ْﺑ ُﻦ ُﺣ‬
ِ ِ
ْ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ َ َ ‫َﺸ َﻔ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ ُ َﺴ ﱠﻤ ْﻮن ا َ َﻬ ﱠﻨ ِﻤ ِّﻴ َن‬،‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ َﻴ ْﺪﺧﻠﻮن ا َ ﱠﻨﺔ‬ ِ
(6566 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1136 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ و اﻟﻨﺎر‬،‫اﻟﺮﻗﺎق‬

Hadhrat Imran bin Husain (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"Some people will be taken out of the Fire through the intercession
of Muhammad they will enter Paradise and will be called Al-
Jahannamiyin (the Hell Fire people).” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-
Riqaq, p. 1136, No. 6566)

It is clear from this hadith that the believers will be taken out of Hell
and will be admitted to Paradise.

It is Pre-determined in the Knowledge of Allah that Who will

Enter Heaven or Hell

This hadith says:

َ ‫ﺎل ُﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ َﺟ َﻨﺎ َزة َﺑﻘﻴﻊ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﺮ َﻗﺪ َﻓ َﺄ َﺗ َﺎﻧﺎ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َوﺳﻠﻢ‬ َ ‫ﻨﮫ َﻗ‬
ُ ‫ َﻋﻦ َﻋ ّ َ اﻟﻠﮫ َﻋ‬3
ِ ِ ِ ِ‫ر‬
ُ
‫ﺎل َﻣﺎ ِﻣ ْﻨﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ أﺣﺪ َﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻘﻌﺪ وﻗﻌﺪﻧﺎ ﺣﻮﻟﮫ َو َﻣ َﻌ ُﮫ ﻣﺨﺼﺮة َﻓ َﻨﻜﺲ َﻓﺠﻌﻞ ﻳﻨﻜﺖ ﺑﻤﺨﺼﺮﺗﮫ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﺛﻢ َﻗ‬ َ ‫َﻓ‬
25 - Allah has Created Paradise | 341

‫ﺎل رﺟﻞ َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر َو ﱠﻻ ﻗﺪ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺷﻘﻴﺔ َأو ﺳﻌﻴﺪة َﻓ َﻘ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﻣﻨﻔﻮﺳﺔ إ ﱠﻻ ﻛﺘﺐ َﻣ َ ﺎ َ ﺎ ﻣﻦ ا ْ ﱠﻨﺔ َو ﱠ‬
ِ َ َ ِ
َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ َ ََ ُ ‫ﱠ َ ََ َﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﻓﻼ ﻧﺘ ِ ﻞ ﻋ ِﻛﺘ ِﺎﺑﻨﺎ وﻧﺪع اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺎن ﻣﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أ ﻞ اﻟﺴﻌﺎدة ﻓﺴﻴﺼ ِإ ﻋﻤﻞ أ ﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻌ َﺎدة‬
‫ﺎل أﻣﺎ أ ﻞ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎن ﻣﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ أ ﻞ اﻟﺸﻘﺎوة ﻓﺴﻴﺼ إ َ ﻋﻤﻞ أ ﻞ اﻟﺸﻘﺎوة َﻗ‬ َ َ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻌ َﺎدة َوأﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬
ِ
َ َ ََ َ َ ُ
‫اﻟﺸ َﻘ َﺎو ِة ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻗ َﺮأ )ﻓﺄ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ أ ْﻋﻄﻰ َو ﱠاﺗ َﻘﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺴ َﻌ َﺎدة َوأﻣﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟﺸﻘﺎوة ﻓﻴ ﺴﺮون ﻟ َﻌ َﻤﻞ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ
‫ﻓﻴ ﺴﺮون ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﱠ‬
ْ ْ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻮﻋﻈﺔ ا ﺪث ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ و ﻗﻌﻮد‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫َوﺻﺪق ِﺑﺎ ُ ْﺴ َ ( اﻵ َﻳﺔ‬
(1362 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،218 ‫ ص‬،‫أ ﺎﺑﮫ ﺣﻮﻟﮫ‬

Hadhrat ‘Ali (raz) reported Allah’s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying, “The place
which everyone of you will occupy in hell or in paradise has been
recorded.” When his hearers asked him whether they should not trust
simply in what had been recorded for them and abandon doing good
deeds, he replied, “Go on doing them, for everyone is helped to do
that for which he was created. Those who are among the number of
the blessed will be helped to do appropriate deeds, and those who
are among the number of the miserable will be helped to do
appropriate deeds.” Then he recited, “As for him who gives, shows
piety, and considers what is best to be true, We will help him to
prosperity.” [92:5-6] (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of Funerals, p. 218, No.
1362)

This hadith shows that those who will enter Paradise are pre-
determined in the knowledge of Allah, as well as those who will enter
Hell are pre-determined in the knowledge of Allah.

There are 14 verses and 3 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 342

26 – The Qur'an is the Word of

Allah

There are 13 verses and 4 hadiths about this belief, you can see the
details of each

Note: There are three types of words:

(1) A word which is a personal attribute of Allah, it is eternal, it is not

mundane, because it is an attribute of Allah, so it will also be eternal
like Allah.

(2) The word of man, or the word of the angels, is mundane, because
man and the angels are mundane, so whatever comes out of them
will also be mundane.

(2) The Qur'an which is the word of Allah, if this word is with Allah
then it is eternal. However, if an angel or a human reads this word, it
is mundane and mortal, because our reading is mundane.

In the past, there has been a lot of controversy over whether the
Qur'an is mundane or not, but if we differentiate between the word
that is with Allah is eternal, and the person who reads or writes the
Qur'an is mundane, then there will remain no dispute.

The Word with Allah is Everlasting and the Qur'an We Recite

is Mortal

Opinion of Imam Abu Hanifa

26 – The Qur'an is the Word of Allah | 343

Imam Abu Hanifa (rah) says in his book al-Fiqh al-Akbar:

‫و ﻟﻔﻈﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﺨﻠﻮق و ﮐﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ ﻟ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻗﺔ و ﻗﺮاﺋ ﻨﺎ ﻟ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻗﺔ و اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻏ ﻣﺨﻠﻮق۔۔۔۔و اﻟﻘﺮآن ﮐﻼم‬
‫ ﺑﺤﺚ أن‬، ‫ )اﻟﻔﻘ اﻷﮐ ﻟﻺﻣﺎم أ ﻲ ﺣﻨﯿﻔ‬.‫اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﻓ ﻮ ﻗﺪﯾﻢ ﻻ ﮐﻼﻣ ﻢ ۔۔۔ و ﮐﻼم اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ ﻏ ﻣﺨﻠﻮق‬
(50.52.58 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻘﺮآن ﮐﻼم اﻟﻠ ﻏ ﻣﺨﻠﻮق و ﻻ ﺣﺎدث‬

“Whatever words of the Qur'an we recite are created and whatever

we write of the Qur’an is created and our reading of the Qur'an is
created, but the Qur'an is not created ... and the Qur'an is the word
of Allah Almighty, it is eternal, not the words of people. And the word
of Allah is not created. (Al-Fiqh al-Akbar, Imam Abu Hanifa, pp. 50, 52,
58)

Here are three portions from the book, all three quotes say that the
word of Allah, and the attribute of Him is eternal, but whatever the
man reads from the Qur'an is mortal and perishable.

The Qur'an is the Word of Allah

The Qur'an has two statuses, one which is Allah's own word and that
is Allah's attribute, and it is eternal. While, the second status is that
we read the Qur'an, it is mundane and mortal.

The Qur'an is the word of Allah as He says:

‫ََ ﱠ‬ ََ ْ ‫ َو ْن َأ َﺣ ٌﺪ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺸﺮﻛ َن‬1

[9:6 ‫اﺳ َﺘ َﺠﺎ َر َك ﻓﺄ ِﺟ ْﺮ ُﻩ َﺣ ﱠ َ ْﺴ َﻤ َﻊ ﻛﻼ َم اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬ ِِ ِ ِ
“And if any one of the Mushriks seeks your protection, give him
protection until he listens to the Word of Allah” [9:6]

َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َْ ُ ْ ‫َ ﱠ َ َ َُ ﱠ‬
[27:6 ‫ و ِ ﻧﻚ ﻟﺘﻠﻘﻰ اﻟﻘﺮآن ِﻣﻦ ﻟﺪن ﺣ ِﻜ ٍﻴﻢ ﻋ ِﻠ ٍﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬2

“Indeed you are being given the Qur‘an by a Wise, Knowledgeable

Being.” [27:6]
344 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is reported in al-Darami:

‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ )اﻟﺪارﻣﻲ‬.‫ إن ﺬا اﻟﻘﺮآن ﮐﻼم اﻟﻠ ﻓﻼ ﻐﺮﻧﮑﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻄﻔﺘﻤﻮە ﻋ أ ﻮاﺋﮑﻢ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا ﻄﺎب‬1
(3355 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،533 ‫ ص‬، 2 ‫ ج‬، ‫اﻟﻘﺮآن ﮐﻼم اﻟﻠ‬

Hadhrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (raz) said: “This is the Qur'an, the word
of Allah, so you may not be deceived by the fact that you turn away
from it due to your desire.” (al-Darami, Chapter: Quran is the word of
Allah, vol. 2, p 533, No. 3355)

In these verses and hadith, the Qur'an is called the word of Allah.

The Qur'an is Preserved in the Tablet

Here are some verses:

ُ َْ َ ٌ َ ٌ َْ ُ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ن‬ ٍ ‫ ِ ِﻛﺘ‬ ‫ ِإﻧﮫ ﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛ ِﺮ ﻢ‬3
[56:77-78 ‫ﺎب ﻣﻜﻨﻮ ٍ ]اﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺔ‬

“It is surely the Noble Qur‘an, (recorded already) in a protected book

(i.e. the Preserved Tablet).” [56:77-78]

[85:21-22 ‫ﻮظ ]اﻟ وج‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ٌ ‫ َﺑ ْﻞ ُ َﻮ ُﻗ ْ َﺮآ ٌن َﻣﺠ‬4

ُ ‫ َﻟ ْﻮح َﻣ ْﺤ‬ ‫ﻴﺪ‬
ٍ ٍ ِ ِ
“The reality is that it is the glorious Qur‘an, (recorded) in the
Preserved Tablet (Lauh Mahfuz).” [85:21-22]

From these verses it is clear that the Qur'an is in the Preserved Tablet.

The Qur'an was Revealed Little by Little from the Tablet

The Qur'an has been revealed to the Holy Prophet little by little in
twenty-three (7) years

There is evidence for this in this verse

26 – The Qur'an is the Word of Allah | 345

ً َْ ْ َ ْ َ
[17:106 ‫ﺎس َﻋ ُﻣﻜ ٍﺚ َوﻧ ﱠﺰﻟ َﻨ ُﺎﻩ ﺗ ِ ﻳﻼ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬ ‫ َو ُﻗ ْ َﺮآ ًﻧﺎ َﻓ َﺮ ْﻗ َﻨ ُﺎﻩ ﻟ َﺘ ْﻘ َ َﺮأ ُﻩ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬5
‫اﻟﻨ‬
ِ ِ

“We have divided the Qur‘an in portions, so that you may recite it to
the people gradually, and We have revealed it little by little.” [17:106]
َ ْ ٌ ْ ‫ َﺗ‬6
[56:80 ‫ﻳﻞ ِﻣ ْﻦ َر ِ ّب اﻟ َﻌﺎﻟ ِﻤ َن ]اﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺔ‬ ِ
“A revelation (revealed bit by bit) from the Lord of the worlds.”
[56:80]

َ‫ َﻋ َ َﻗ ْﻠﺒ َﻚ ﻟ َﺘ ُ ﻮ َن ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻷﻣ ُن‬َْ ُ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ َﻧ َﺰ‬ ‫ﻳﻞ َر ّب ْاﻟ َﻌ َﺎﻟﻤ َن‬
ُ ََْ ُ ‫َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫وح‬‫اﻟﺮ‬ ‫ﮫ‬‫ﺑ‬
ِِ ‫ل‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ و ِ ﻧﮫ ﻟﺘ‬7
ْ
[26:192-194 ‫اﻟ ُﻤ ْﻨ ِﺬ ِر َﻦ ]اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء‬

“This (Qur‘an) is the revelation of the Lord of the worlds. The Trusted
Spirit has brought it down upon your heart, so that you become one
of the warners.” [26:192-194]

From these verses it is clear that the Qur'an has been revealed to the
Holy Prophet little by little.

Whoever calls the Qur'an the word of man is a disbeliever

The Qur’an says:

َ َُ َ ْ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
[74:25-26 ‫ ﺳﺄﺻ ِﻠ ِﻴﮫ ﺳﻘﺮ ]اﻟﻤﺪﺛﺮ‬ ‫ ِإ ْن َ ﺬا ِإﻻ ﻗ ْﻮ ُل اﻟ َ ﺸ ِﺮ‬8
َ َ ْ

“this is nothing but saying of a man. I will put him into Saqar (Hell).”
[74:25-26]

Allah says about one who calls the Qur'an the word of man: “I will cast
him into Hell”, for he has disbelieved.
346 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The words Allah Almighty Speaks in the World are Either

Through revelation or from Behind the Scenes

Whatever Allah Almighty speaks in this world is either by revelation

or by veil, because man does not have the power at this time to speak
to Allah face to face, yes in the Hereafter Allah will grant us such
power:

The Qur’an says:

ً ُ َ َ ُْ َْ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ً ْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َّ َ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
ٍ ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺎن ِﻟ ﺸ ٍﺮ أن ﻳ ِﻠﻤﮫ اﻟﻠﮫ ِإﻻ وﺣﻴﺎ أو ِﻣﻦ ور ِاء‬9
‫ﺎب أو ﻳﺮ ِﺳﻞ رﺳﻮﻻ‬
َ ْ َ
[42:51 ‫ﻓ ُﻴﻮ ِ َ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِﻧ ِﮫ َﻣﺎ َ ﺸ ُﺎء ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬

“It is not (possible) for a human being that Allah speaks to him, except
by way of revelation, or from behind a curtain, or that He sends a
messenger, and he reveals, with His permission, what He wills.”
[42:51]

َْ ‫َﱠ ﱠ‬
[4:164 ‫ َو ﻠ َﻢ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ُﻣﻮ َ ﺗ ِﻠ ًﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬10

“and Allah has spoken to Musa verbally.” [4:164]

He has also spoken to Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) from

behind the scenes.

The Qur'an has not Been and Will not be Distorted

Since the revelation of the Qur'an, there has been no distortion in it,
so if you look at the Qur'an from all over the world, you will not see
difference of a single letter. The whole Qur'an of the same kind is safe
in the heart of the world's countless Hafizs (memorizers), and will
remain safe. Therefore, those who claim that the Qur'an has been
altered are wrong. In the following verse, Allah has promised to
protect the Qur'an till the Day of Judgment:
26 – The Qur'an is the Word of Allah | 347

َ ُ َ َ ْ ّ َ ْ‫ﱠ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[15:9 ‫ﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺬﻛ َﺮ َو ِ ﱠﻧﺎ ﻟ ُﮫ َ ﺎ ِﻓﻈﻮن ]ا‬
ِ ‫ ِإﻧﺎ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎ‬11

“We, Ourselves, have sent down the Dhikr (the Qur‘an), and We are
there to protect it.” [15:9]

In this verse, Allah says that He has sent down the Qur'an and He will
protect it to the Day of Judgment, and it is as safe today as it was on
the first day.

It is Permissible to Recite the Qur'an as per Seven Recitations

It is a fact that when the Qur'an was revealed, the seven tribes of
Arabia were famous and each had a different accent, so Allah (‫)ﷻ‬
allowed the same verse to be recited in seven accents. When it was
collected in the Mushaf, it was combined with the Quraish accent,
because that was the best accent, and nowadays the Qur'an is written
in the same accent and in the same recitation.

Here is the hadith for this

‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ أن اﻟﻘﺮآن أﻧﺰل ﻋ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ أﺣﺮف ﻓﺎﻗﺮؤوا ﻣﻨ ﻣﺎ ﺗ ﺴﺮ‬... ‫ ﻗﺎل ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ ا ﻄﺎب‬2
،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬2419 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،389 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﮐﻼم ا ﺼﻮم ﻌﻀ ﻢ ﻌﺾ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺼﻮﻣﺎت‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(1899/818 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،329 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺑﯿﺎن أن اﻟﻘﺮآن أﻧﺰل ﻋ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ أﺣﺮف‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ﺻﻼة اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﻦ‬

Hadhrat Umar bin Al-Khattab (raz) said: “The Qur'an has been
revealed in seven different ways, so recite it in the way that is easier
for you." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Khusoomat, p. 389, No. 2419;
Sahih Muslim, Kitab Salat al-Musafirin, p. 329, No. 818/1899)

It is stated in this hadith that the verse and the rulings mentioned in
the verse are the same, but one can use seven accents and seven
recitations to recite it.
348 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Allah will Speak to the People of Paradise

In the Hereafter, Allah will speak to the people of Paradise, but only
Allah knows how this will happen. The Qur’an says:
ً َ َ
[36:58 ‫ َﺳﻼ ٌم ﻗ ْﻮﻻ ِﻣ ْﻦ َر ٍ ّب َر ِﺣ ٍﻴﻢ ] ﺲ‬12

“Salam (Peace upon you) is the word (they receive) from Merciful
Lord.” [36:58]

ٌ َ ٌ َ َ ْ ُ ََ ْ َّ ُ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ‫ََ ُ َّ ُ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
[2:174 ‫ وﻻ ﻳ ِﻠﻤ ﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻳﻮم اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ وﻻ ﻳﺰ ِﻛ ِ ﻢ وﻟ ﻢ ﻋﺬاب أ ِﻟﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬13

“Verily, those who conceal the Book Allah has revealed, and earn
thereby a small price, they eat nothing into their bellies but fire, and
Allah will not speak to them on the Day of Judgment, nor will He purify
them, and for them there is painful punishment.” [2:174]

From these verses it is clear that Allah will speak to the people of
Paradise in the Hereafter.

It is mentioned in hadith as well:

ْ
‫ﻴﻤ ِﻬ ْﻢ ِإذ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ " َﺑ ْ َﻨﺎ َأ ْ ُﻞ ا ْ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﻌ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ِ ‫ﺎل َرﺳﻮل‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬3
ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫وﺳ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻓﺈ َذا ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﺮ ﱡب ﻗ ْﺪ أ ْﺷ َﺮف َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻬ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻓ ْﻮ ِﻗﻬ ْﻢ ﻓ َﻘ‬ ٌ ‫َﺳ َﻄ َﻊ َﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ ُﻧ‬
َ ‫ﻮر َﻓ َﺮ َﻓ ُﻌﻮا ُر ُء‬
. ‫اﻟﺴﻼ ُم َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ َﻳﺎ أ ْ َﻞ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ
ْ ً َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُل ﱠ‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﯿﻤﺎ أﻧﮑﺮت ا ﻬﻤﯿﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬،‫" )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.{‫}ﺳﻼ ٌم ﻗ ْﻮﻻ ِﻣﻦ ر ٍب ر ِﺣ ٍﻴﻢ‬ َ ّ َ ‫ﻗﺎل وذ ِﻟﻚ ﻗﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
(184 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،28 ‫ص‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Jabir bin 'Abdullah (raz) said that the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “'While the people of Paradise are
enjoying their blessings, a light will shine upon them, and they will
raise their heads, and they will see their Lord looking upon them from
above. He will say: "Peace be upon you, O people of Paradise." This is
what Allah says in the Verse: "Salam (peace be upon you) - a Word
26 – The Qur'an is the Word of Allah | 349

from the Lord (Allah), The Most Merciful." [36:58].” (Ibn Majah, Kitab
al-Muqaddama, Bab fi ma Ankrat al-Jahmiya, p. 28, No. 184)

It is in this hadith that Allah will speak to the people of Paradise.

‫ "إن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻳﻘﻮل ﻷ ﻞ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ا ﺪري ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬4
‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﻼم اﻟﺮب‬،‫" ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬...‫ﻳﺪﻳﻚ‬ ‫ وا‬،‫ ﻟﺒﻴﻚ ر ﻨﺎ وﺳﻌﺪﻳﻚ‬: ‫ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮن‬،‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ ا ﻨﺔ‬:‫ا ﻨﺔ‬
(7518 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1296 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻣﻊ أ ﻞ ا ﻨﺔ‬

Hadhrat Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) said that
the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Allah will say to the inhabitants of
Jannah: 'O inhabitants of Jannah!' They will respond: 'Here we are! At
Your service, O our Rubb. All good is in Your Hand!'…” (Sahih Al-
Bukhari, Bab Kalam al-Rabb ma’ Ahl al-Jannah, p. 1296, No. 7518)

But this word of Allah is not mortal like the word of man, it is eternal,
and pure from any condition, because the word of Allah is not like any
other in the universe, as the Qur'an says: “There is nothing like Him
and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.” [42:11] There is nothing
like Allah and His attributes.

These are 13 verses and 4 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 350

27 – Where is Allah?

There is great disagreement about where Allah is, and the reason is
that there are different verses and different hadiths about it, so it is
difficult to determine one.

So there are 6 opinions about this, see the details of each of these
opinions in 38 verses and 6 hadiths.

It is important to remember four things about Allah:

(1) Allah is wajib al-wujood (necessarily existent), He has always

existed and He will always exist, He is the Creator of all things, there
is no annihilation in Him, therefore there is no annihilation in His self
or attributes.

(2) He is free from dimension, that is, He is not in any dimension, that
is, He is not above, or below, or right, or left.

(3) He is free from the condition, that is, the different conditions in
human beings and things are not in Allah, because Allah Himself is the
creator of the condition, so how will the condition exist in Allah.

(4) There is none like Allah, there is no likeness to Him in attributes,

nor is there any likeness in His Self.

So what about an attribute that is like the attribute of Allah, so it

means that literally it looks like our attribute, but in the real sense it
is something else, which We cannot comprehend, nor can we be
aware of, so never compare any attribute of Allah to the attributes of
creation.
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 351

It is established by this verse and hadith:

ُ ْ َ ْ ُْ ‫َْ َ َ ْ َ ٌْ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ر‬
(11:42 ‫ﻟ ﺲ ﮐ ِﻤﺜ ِﻠ ء و ﻮ اﻟﺴ ِﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﺒ ِﺼ ۔ )ﺳﻮرة اﻟﺸﻮ ی‬ 1

“There is nothing like Allah, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing”

The verse says that nothing is like Allah, so how can we imagine that
He is sitting on a Chair like us, or that He has hands and feet like us,
or that He has an attribute like ours?
َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬1
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻌﺎ أ ْﻋ َﺪ ْد ُت ِﻟ ِﻌ َﺒ ِﺎدي‬
ََ َ ‫َ َِ َ َ ْ ٌ ََ ْ َ َ ُ ُ ٌ َ َ ِ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ً َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺛﻢ ﻗﺮأ‬." ‫ ﺑﻠﮫ ﻣﺎ أﻃ ِﻠﻌﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ‬،‫ ذﺧﺮا‬،‫ وﻻ ﺧﻄﺮ ﻋ ﻗﻠ ِﺐ ﺸ ٍﺮ‬،‫ وﻻ أذن ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ‬،‫اﻟﺼﺎ ِ ِ ن ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻋ ن رأت‬
َ ُ ُ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ٌ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺑﺪء ا ﻠﻖ‬،‫ﺲ َﻣﺎ أﺧ ِﻔ َﻲ ﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻗ ﱠﺮ ِة أ ْﻋ ُ ٍن َﺟ َﺰ ًاء ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ﺎﻧﻮا َ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن{ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬‫}ﻓﻼ ﻌﻠﻢ ﻧﻔ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺔ و ﺻﻔﺔ ﻌﯿﻤ ﺎ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬3244 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،541 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﺟﺎء ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ و أﻧ ﺎ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻗﺔ‬
(7132/2824 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1228 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺻﻔﺔ ا ﻨﺔ‬،‫و أ ﻠ ﺎ‬

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Allah
said, 'I have prepared for My pious worshipers such things as no eye
has ever seen, no ear has ever heard of, and nobody has ever thought
of. All that is reserved, besides which, all that you have seen, is
nothing." Then he recited: 'No soul knows what is kept hidden (in
reserve) for them of joy as a reward for what they used to. [32:17]”
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab Bad’i al-Khalq, p. 541, No. 3244; Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Jannah…, p. 1228, No. 2824/7132)

It is stated in this hadith that the boons of Paradise have not been
seen by an eye, nor heard by an ear, nor has the thought of them
passed through any heart. When it comes to the boons of Paradise
which are created by Allah, How can we imagine the nature of the
attributes of Allah. So, do not form your opinion about where is the
Allah and what is nature of His attributes, we should not compare Him
with urselves and other creatures.
352 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(1) First Group

The first group is of the opinion that Allah is omnipresent according

to His glory.

But this group does not discuss with what state He exists, whether He
exists with His Self, or with knowledge, power and insight, because
Allah is free from dimensions and conditions.

Here are some verses regarding the same:

These verses are the proof of those who say that Allah is everywhere:

ٌ َ َ‫َ ُ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ ن‬
[57:4 ‫و ﻮ ﻣﻌﻜﻢ أﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺘﻢ واﻟﻠﮫ ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻌﻤﻠﻮ ﺑ ِﺼ ]ا ﺪﻳﺪ‬ 1

“He is with you wherever you are, and Allah is watchful of whatever
you do.” [57:4]

َ َ ‫َ َ ََْ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
[58:7 ‫َوﻻ أ ْد ﻰ ِﻣ ْﻦ ذ ِﻟ َﻚ َوﻻ أﻛ َ ِإﻻ ُ َﻮ َﻣ َﻌ ُ ْﻢ أ ْﻳ َﻦ َﻣﺎ ُﺎﻧﻮا ]ا ﺎدﻟﺔ‬ 2

“nor between fewer than that or more, but He is with them wherever
they may be.” [58:7]

‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ ‫إ ْذ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل ﻟ‬
[9:40 ‫ﺎﺣ ِﺒ ِﮫ ﻻ ﺗ ْﺤ َﺰن ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻣ َﻌ َﻨﺎ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬‫ﺼ‬
ِ ِ ِ 3

“and he was saying to his companion, Do not grieve. Allah is surely

with us.” [9:40]

ْ ُ َ َ ُ ‫َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َن َ ﱠ‬
[47:35 ‫ﻓﻼ ِ ﻨﻮا وﺗﺪﻋﻮا ِإ اﻟﺴﻠ ِﻢ وأﻧﺘﻢ اﻷﻋﻠﻮ واﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻌﻜﻢ ]ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ 4

“So, do not lose heart, and do not appeal for peace; you will be the
uppermost, and Allah is with you.” [47:35]
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 353

َ ّ َ ََ َ
[2:186 ‫َو ِ ذا َﺳﺄﻟ َﻚ ِﻋ َﺒ ِﺎدي َﻋ ِ ّ ﻓ ِﺈ ِ ﻲ ﻗ ِﺮ ٌﺐ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ 5

“When My servants ask you about Me, then (tell them that) I am
near.” [2:186]

َ ْ ْ َ ْ َْ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ََ ُ ُ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ُ َْ ََ
[50:16 ‫و ﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺳ ِﻮس ِﺑ ِﮫ ﻧﻔﺴﮫ وﻧﺤﻦ أﻗﺮب ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ ﺣﺒ ِﻞ اﻟﻮ ِر ِﺪ ]ق‬ 6

“and We know whatever thoughts his inner self develops, and We are
closer to him than (his) jugular vein.” [50:16]

‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱣ‬ ََ ‫ُ ﱠ‬ ََ ْ ْ ُ ْ ْ ‫ﱣ‬

‫ َو ِﻟﻠ ِ اﻟ َﻤﺸ ِﺮق َو اﻟ َﻤﻐ ِﺮ ُب ﻓﺎ ْﯾ َﻨ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َﻮﻟ ْﻮا ﻓﺜ ﱠﻢ َو ْﺟ ُ اﻟﻠ ُ ِا ﱠن اﻟﻠ َ َو ِاﺳ ٌﻊ َﻋ ِﻠ ْﯿ ٌﻢ‬7
[2:115 ‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“To Allah belongs the East and the West. So, whichever way you turn,
there is the Face of Allah. Indeed, Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.”
[2:115]

These 7 verses show that Allah is present everywhere, but without a

place and without a condition.

This group also raises the point that if we consider Allah to be sitting
on the Throne, and say that Allah is sitting on the Throne, then the
problem would be where was Allah before making the Throne?

(2) Second Group

The opinion of the second group is that Allah is on the Throne

according to His glory, but in which condition, they does not discuss
the condition in which He is, because Allah is absolutely pure in
dimension and condition.

They say: Allah says in these 7 verses that He is on the Throne, so we

believe in Him and believe in His verses, and we do not consider it
proper to interpret anything.
354 | Samarat al-Aqaid

They say regarding the 7 verses mentioned above which say that Allah
is everywhere that Allah is everywhere with knowledge, insight and
power.

In their argument they present these 7 verses:

ْ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﻦ َﻋ َ ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺮش‬

[20:5 ‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻮى ]ﻃﮫ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ 8
ِ
“The Rahman (Allah, the All-Merciful) has positioned Himself on the
Throne.” [20:5]
ََ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ُ ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْر‬ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ُ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ض ِ ِﺳﺘ ِﺔ أﻳ ٍﺎم ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘﻮى ﻋ‬ ‫ات و‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ي‬ ِ ‫ ِإن ر ﻜﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ‬9
‫ﺬ‬ ‫اﻟ‬
ْ
[7:54 ‫اﻟ َﻌ ْﺮ ِش ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬

“Surely, your Lord is Allah who created the heavens and the earth in
six days, then He positioned himself on the Throne.” [7:54]
ََ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ُ ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْر‬ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ُ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ض ِ ِﺳﺘ ِﺔ أﻳ ٍﺎم ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘﻮى ﻋ‬ ‫ات و‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ي‬ ِ ‫ ِإن ر ﻜﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ‬10
‫ﺬ‬‫اﻟ‬
ْ
[10:3 ‫اﻟ َﻌ ْﺮ ِش ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬

“Surely, your Lord is Allah, the One who created the heavens and the
earth in six days, and then He positioned Himself on the Throne.”
[10:3]
ْ َ ْ ‫ات َﻐ ْ َﻋ َﻤ ٍﺪ َﺗ َﺮ ْو َ َ ﺎ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ‬ ََ ‫ﱠُ ﱠ‬
‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻮى َﻋ اﻟ َﻌ ْﺮ ِش ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ‬
‫ﺎو‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﻓ‬‫اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟ ِﺬي ر‬ 11
[13:2

“Allah is the One who raised the heavens without pillars that you can
see them. Then He positioned Himself on the Throne” [13:2]
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 355

‫ش‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ْ ‫ض َو َﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َ ُ َﻤﺎ ﺳ ﱠﺘﺔ َأ ﱠﻳﺎم ُﺛ ﱠﻢ‬

ْ ‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻮى َﻋ َ ْاﻟ َﻌ‬ َْ َ َ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْر‬ ‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ي‬‫ﺬ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟ‬
ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ 12
[25:59 ‫]اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎن‬

“the One who created in six days the heavens and the earth and
whatever lies between them, then He positioned Himself on the
Throne.” [25:59]
ََ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ُ ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠُ ﱠ‬
‫ض َو َﻣﺎ َﺑ ْﻴ َ ُ َﻤﺎ ِ ِﺳﺘ ِﺔ أﻳ ٍﺎم ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘﻮى ﻋ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْر‬ ‫ات و‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ﺬ‬
ِ ‫ اﻟﻠﮫ‬13
‫اﻟ‬
ْ َ ْ
[32:4 ‫اﻟﻌﺮ ِش ]اﻟ ﺪة‬

“Allah is the One who created the heavens and the earth and all that
is between them in six days, then He positioned Himself on the
Throne.” [32:4]

ْ ‫ض ﺳ ﱠﺘﺔ َأ ﱠﻳﺎم ُﺛ ﱠﻢ‬

ْ ‫اﺳ َﺘ َﻮى َﻋ َ ْاﻟ َﻌ‬ َْ َ َ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻷ ْر‬ ‫َُ ﱠ‬
‫ش‬
ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺎو‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻖ‬ ‫ﻠ‬‫ﺧ‬ ‫ي‬‫ﺬ‬ِ ‫ ﻮ‬14
‫اﻟ‬
[57:4 ‫]ا ﺪﻳﺪ‬

“He is the One who created the heavens and the earth in six days,
then He positioned Himself on the Throne.” [57:4]

In these 7 verses it is stated that Allah has positioned Himself on the

Throne.

Therefore, this second group was of the opinion that Allah is

positioned on the Throne, it is not known in what way, but He is
positioned according to the ways that suits Him.

Explanation: Istiwa is an Arabic word, it means to stand up, to

position, to control, and sometimes it also means to sit, this word is
one of the Mutashabihat words (whose exact meaning is known only
to Allah), so it is difficult to determine the meaning, because He is free
from standing etc, He is free from any condition.
356 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Throne is a Great Creature

َ ْ َْْ ‫ﱠَُ ََ ﱠ َُ َ ﱡ‬
[27:26 ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ رب اﻟﻌﺮ ِش اﻟﻌ ِﻈ ِﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬ 15

“Allah! There is no god but He, the Lord of the Great Throne.” [27:26]
ْ ْ ْ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬
[9:129 ‫ﻻ ِإﻟ َﮫ ِإﻻ ُ َﻮ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ ﺗ َﻮ ﻠ ُﺖ َو ُ َﻮ َر ﱡب اﻟ َﻌ ْﺮ ِش اﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ ِﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬ 16

“There is no god but He. In Him I have placed my trust, and He is the
Lord of the Great Throne.” [9:129]

These verses and many other verses show that the Throne is a great
creature which Allah has created.

The Chair

The Chair is also a creation of Allah, but the status of the chair is less
than that of the Throne, as if a bracelet had been put in the desert,
then the iron ring has no status compared to the desert, just as
compared to the Throne, the Chair has no special status. However,
Allah knows it best, but this Chair is still so big that it surrounds the
whole earth and the sky, as it is mentioned in the Qur’an:

ُ ‫ْاﻟ َﻌ ِﻈ‬ ْ ُ ُ ‫ض َوَﻻ َﻳ ُﺌ‬ َْ َ َ َ ‫َ َ ُ ْ ﱡُ ﱠ‬

‫ﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ﻮد ُﻩ ِﺣ ْﻔﻈ ُ َﻤﺎ َو ُ َﻮ اﻟ َ ِﻌ‬ َ ‫اﻷ ْر‬ ‫ات و‬
ِ ‫ و ِﺳﻊ ﻛﺮ ِﺳﻴﮫ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬17
[2:255 ‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“His Kursiyy (Chair) extends to the Heavens and to the Earth, and it
does not weary Him to look after them. He is the All High, the
Supreme.” [2:255]
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 357

(3) Third Group

The opinion of the third group is that Allah is in the universe with His
knowledge, power and insight, not that He is present in the universe
with His Self, but where He is then, this is not mentioned anywhere.

Here are their arguments:

They say that the universe is created by Allah, so how can He be in the
universe?

Secondly, the universe is perishable, so if the Allah Himself is present

in it, then Allah Himself will also be perishable, so it should be said
that Allah is in the universe in terms of knowledge and insight.

Here are some verses:

ً َ ُ ‫ََ َ ﱠ‬
[4:126 ‫ﺎن اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ُﻣ ِﺤﻴﻄﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬ ‫و‬ 18

“Allah encompasses every thing.” [4:126]

ٌ ُ ْ َ ّ ُ ُ ‫ََ ﱠ‬
[41:54 ‫أﻻ ِإﻧﮫ ِﺑ ِﻞ ٍء ﻣ ِﺤﻴﻂ ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬ 19

“Beware, He is the One who encompasses everything.” [41:54]

ٌ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
[8:47 ‫َواﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ َ ْﻌ َﻤﻠﻮن ُﻣ ِﺤﻴﻂ ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل‬ 20

“Allah is All-Encompassing of what they do.” [8:47]

In these 3 verses it is stated that Allah encompasses everything, so He

is in the universe in terms of knowledge, not in terms of His Self.

َ َ ُ َ ُ ‫ُﻳ ْﺤ َو ُ ﻤ‬
[57:2 ‫ﻴﺖ َو ُ َﻮ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]ا ﺪﻳﺪ‬ ِ ِ 21
358 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“He gives life and brings death, and He is Powerful to do any thing.”
[57:2]

َ َ ُ َ َ
[46:33 ‫َﺑ ِإ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]اﻷﺣﻘﺎف‬ 22

“Yes of course, He is powerful to do every thing.” [46:33]

َ َ ُ َ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
[67:1 ‫ﺗ َﺒﺎ َر َك اﻟ ِﺬي ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ اﻟ ُﻤﻠ ُﻚ َو ُ َﻮ َﻋ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]اﻟﻤﻠﻚ‬ 23

“Glorious is the One in whose hand is the Kingdom (of the whole
universe), and He is powerful over every thing,” [67:1]

َ ٌ َ ُ ‫ََ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ً ﱠ‬
[42:50 ‫ﻴﻢ ﻗ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺮ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‬‫و ﺠﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺸﺎء ﻋ ِﻘﻴﻤﺎ ِإﻧﮫ ﻋ ِﻠ‬ 24

“and makes whom He wills barren. Surely, He is All-Knowing, Very-

Powerful. ” [42:50]

In these 7 verses it is stated that Allah encompasses the whole

universe in terms of knowledge of power and ownership.

That is why the third group says that Allah exists in the universe in
terms of knowledge, power, and insight, not in terms of Himself.

(4) Fourth Group

The opinion of the fourth group is that Allah is at height according to

His glory. But this group does not determine how high He is, but He is
at height as per His glory.

Here are some verses regarding it:

َ ُ َ َ ُ َ
[16:50 ‫َﻳﺨﺎﻓﻮن َ ﱠر ُ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻓ ْﻮ ِﻗ ِ ْﻢ َو َ ْﻔ َﻌﻠﻮن َﻣﺎ ُﻳ ْﺆ َﻣ ُﺮو َن ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ 25
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 359

“They fear their Lord above them and do as they are commanded.”
[16:50]

ُ ُ ََْ ُ ‫َْ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ُ ﱠّ ُ َ ْ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[35:10 ‫ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ ﻳﺼﻌﺪ اﻟ ِﻠﻢ اﻟﻄ ِﻴﺐ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺼﺎ ِ ﻳﺮﻓﻌﮫ ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‬ 26

“Towards Him ascends the pure word, and the righteous deed uplifts
it.” [35:10]

َ َ ‫اﻟﺮو ُح إ َﻟ ْﻴﮫ َﻳ ْﻮم‬

‫ﺎن ِﻣ ْﻘ َﺪا ُر ُﻩ‬ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫و‬َ ‫ َ ْﻌ ُﺮ ُج ْاﻟ َﻤ َﻼﺋ َﻜ ُﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ذي ْاﻟ َﻤ َﻌﺎرج‬‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ ِﻣﻦ‬27
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ َْ َ ْ َ
[70:3-4 ‫ﺧﻤ ِﺴ ن أﻟﻒ ﺳﻨ ٍﺔ ]اﻟﻤﻌﺎرج‬

“(and it will come) from Allah, the Lord of the stairways, to whom
ascend the angels and the Spirit in a day the length of which is fifty
thousand years.” [70:3-4]

َ َْ َ ْ َ َ ‫ُ َ ّ ُ ْ َْ َ َ ﱠ‬
َ َ ‫اﻷ ْ ض ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َ ْﻌ ُﺮ ُج إ َﻟ ْﻴﮫ َﻳ ْﻮم‬
‫ﺎن ِﻣ ْﻘ َﺪا ُر ُﻩ أﻟﻒ َﺳ َﻨ ٍﺔ‬ ٍ ِِ ِ ِ ‫ر‬ ‫ ﻳﺪ ِﺑﺮ اﻷﻣﺮ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻤ ِﺎء ِإ‬28
َ َ
[32:5 ‫ِﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ ُﻌ ﱡﺪون ]اﻟ ﺪة‬

“He manages (every) matter from the sky to the earth, then it (every
matter) will ascend to Him in a day the measure of which is one
thousand years according to the way you count.” [32:5]

These 4 verses indicate that Allah is at height.

َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل " َﻳ ِ ُل َرﱡ َﻨﺎ ﺗ َﺒ َﺎر َك َو َﻌﺎ ﱠﻞ ﻟ ْﻴﻠ ٍﺔ ِإ َﺳ َﻤ ِﺎء‬‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮة‬1
(1315 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،197 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أي اﻟﻠﯿﻞ أﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻄﻮع‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬...‫اﻵﺧ ُﺮ‬ ْ‫ﱡ َْ َ َْ َ ُُ ُ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ِﺣ ن ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺛﻠﺚ اﻟﻠﻴ ِﻞ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (raz) that the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Our Lord descends to the heaven of
world every night, when one-third of the night remains.” (Abu Dawud,
Kitab al-Tatawwu, p 197, No 1315)
360 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The hadith shows that Allah is at height. Therefore, the opinion of this
fourth group is that Allah is at height, but we do not discuss the
condition of it, He is so according to His glory.

(5) Fifth Group

Allah is in the heavens according to His glory. This is not a big group,
rather this is the opinion of some people and this opinion is very close
to the opinion of the fourth group.

They present the following hadith in argument:

َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َّ ُ ََ ََْ َ َ ّ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ْ َ
‫ﺎل َو ﺎﻧ ْﺖ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬... ‫ َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬، ِ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﺑ ﻨﺎ أﻧﺎ أ‬، ِ ِ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﻌ ِﺎو َ ﺔ ْﺑ ِﻦ ا َ ﻜ ِﻢ اﻟﺴﻠ‬2
ََ َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫اﻟﺴ َﻤ ِﺎء‬ ْ َ َ ُ ‫َََُْ ُ َ َ َ َ ََ َْ َ ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ ًََ ََْ ٌَ َ
‫ﺎل " َﻣ ْﻦ أﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
ِ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬. " ‫ ﻓﺄﺗ ﺘﮫ ِﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻟﻬﺎ " أﻳﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ‬. " ‫ ﻗﺎل " َاﺋ ِﺘ ِ ِﺑﻬﺎ‬... ِ ‫ِ ﺟ ِﺎر ﺔ َﺗﺮ ﻏﻨﻤﺎ‬
ٌ ْ َ ْ ‫َ َ ْ ْ َ َُ ُ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ اﻟﮑﻼم‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺟﺪ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺎل " أ ْﻋ ِﺘﻘ َﻬﺎ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧ َﻬﺎ ُﻣﺆ ِﻣ َﻨﺔ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ أﻧﺖ رﺳﻮل‬. "
(1199/537 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،218 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻣﺎ ﺎن ﻣﻦ إﺑﺎﺣﺘ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼة و‬

It is narrated on the authority of Mu'awiyah ibn al-Hakam al-Salami

(raz), he said: “While we were praying with the Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﷺ‬... I had a slave girl who was grazing my goat ... The Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
said: Bring the slave girl to me. Then I brought the slave girl to the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. He asked the slave girl, 'Where is Allah?' The slave said,
"In heaven" then asked, "Who am I?" The slave said, "You are the
Messenger of Allah." The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: Free her free, she is a
believer.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Masajid, p 218, No 1199/537)

In this hadith, the slave girl said that Allah is in the sky and the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬accepted it.

Therefore, the opinion of this group is that Allah is the sky, but they
do not discuss about the condition in which He is, it is just according
to His glory.
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 361

(2) Sixth Group

The opinion of the sixth group is that all the issues like istwa ala al-
arsh, where is allah, face of Allah, hand of Allah, foot of Allah, finger
of Allah, descent of Allah, these are all among the mutashabihat (the
meaning of which is known to Allah alone), so it should be said about
them that their meaning is known, but the condition is not known, it
is obligatory to believe in them, and arguing about them is bid'ah
(innovation in religion), so it is better to remain silent about them.

This statement of Imam Malik is very famous among them:

‫ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﻋ اﻟﻌﺮش‬، ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺖ ﯾ ﺑﻦ ﯾ ﯾﻘﻮل ﮐﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺎﻟﮏ ﺑﻦ أ ﺲ ﻓﺠﺎء رﺟﻞ ﻓﻘﺎل ﯾﺎ أﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻓﺄﻃﺮق ﻣﺎﻟﮏ رأﺳ ﺣ ﻋﻼە اﻟﺮﺣﻀﺎء ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل اﻻﺳﺘﻮی ﻏ‬،‫( ﮐﯿﻒ اﺳﺘﻮی‬5 ‫اﻟﺴﺘﻮی )ﺳﻮرة ﻃ‬
‫ ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺑ‬،‫ و ﻣﺎ أراک إﻻ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﻋﺎ‬،‫ و اﻟﺴﺆال ﻋﻨ ﺑﺪﻋﺔ‬،‫ و اﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﺑ واﺟﺐ‬،‫ و اﻟﮑﯿﻒ ﻏ ﻣﻌﻘﻮل‬،‫ﻣﺠ ﻮل‬
،‫ و اﻹﺗﯿﺎن‬، ‫ و ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ ا‬،‫ و ﻋ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺬا درج أﮐ ﻋﻠﻤﺎﺋﻨﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ اﻻﺳﺘﻮی‬:‫ ﻗﺎل اﻟﺸﯿﺦ‬،‫أن ﯾﺨﺮج‬
‫؛ ﺷﺮح اﻟﻔﻘ‬116 ‫ ص‬،1 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻘﻮل اﻻﺳﺘﻮی‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻻﻋﺘﻘﺎد‬،‫ )اﻷﺳﻤﺎء واﻟﺼﻔﺎت ﻟﻠﺒﯿﻬﻘﻲ‬.‫و اﻟ ول‬
(70 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻷﮐ‬

Yahya ibn Yahya (rah) says: We were with Imam Malik ibn Anas (rah)
when a man came and said: O Abu Abdullah! “Allah has positioned
Himself on the Throne” [al-Quran: 20:5] so what is the condition of
His positioning? Imam Malik (rah) lowered his head, until he started
sweating, then he said that the meaning of istawa (positioning) is not
known, its condition is not understood, but it is obligatory to believe
in it, and to question about it is bid'ah (innovation in religion). Then
he said, I think this man is a bid’ati, so he ordered to move him out.
Shaikh said: Therefore, the Ulama included the expressions like
coming of Allah, His descent etc under istiwa itself (i.e. it is bid'ah to
ask about it). (Al-Asma wa al-Sifat by al-Baihaqi, Kitab al-Ai’tiqad, Bab
al-Qawl fi Al-Istawa, 1:116; Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar, p 70)

In this statement, Imam Malik (rah) even called the one who asked
about Istiwa a bid’ati and expelled him from the room.
362 | Samarat al-Aqaid

They present this verse as proof:

ُ‫ﺎت ُ ﱠﻦ ُأ ﱡم ْاﻟ ِﻜ َﺘﺎب َو ُأ َﺧﺮ‬ ٌ ‫ﺎت ُﻣ ْﺤ َﻜ َﻤ‬ٌ ‫ﺎب ﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ َآ َﻳ‬ َ ‫ ُ َﻮ ﱠاﻟ ِﺬي َأ ْﻧ َﺰ َل َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻚ ْاﻟﻜ َﺘ‬29
ِ ِ ِ
َ‫ﻳﻦ ُﻗ ُﻠﻮ ْﻢ َزْ ٌﻎ َﻓ َﻴ ﱠ ﺒ ُﻌﻮ َن َﻣﺎ َ َﺸ َﺎﺑ َﮫ ﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ ْاﺑﺘ َﻐ َﺎء ْاﻟﻔ ْﺘ َﻨﺔ َو ْاﺑﺘ َﻐﺎء‬ َ ‫ﺎت َﻓ َﺄ ﱠﻣﺎ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬
ٌ َ ‫ُﻣ َ َﺸﺎ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ْ ِ
ُ َ َ ُ ُ ْ ْ
‫اﻟﺮا ِ ﻮن ِ اﻟ ِﻌﻠ ِﻢ َﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮن آ َﻣ ﱠﻨﺎ ِﺑ ِﮫ ﱞﻞ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻋ ْﻨ ِﺪ َرِّ َﻨﺎ‬
َ ُ ‫َﺗ ْﺄو ِﻠ ِﮫ َو َﻣﺎ َ ْﻌﻠ ُﻢ ﺗﺄو ﻠ ُﮫ إﻻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َو ﱠ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
ِ َ ِ ُ ِ
َْ ْ ُ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
[3:7 ‫وﻣﺎ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ِإﻻ أوﻟﻮ اﻷﻟﺒﺎ ِب ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“He is the One who has revealed to you the Book (the Qur‘an). Out of
it there are verses that are MuHkamat (of established meaning),
which are the principal verses of the Book, and some others are
Mutashabihat (whose definite meanings are unknown). Now those
who have perversity in their hearts go after such part of it as is
mutashabih, seeking (to create) discord, and searching for its
interpretation (that meets their desires), while no one knows its
interpretation except Allah; and those well-grounded in knowledge
say: .We believe therein; all is from our Lord.. Only the men of
understanding observe the advice.” [3:7]

This verse advises us not to follow similar words, but to believe in

these verses and remain silent on such occasions, so we do not go into
the depth of istiwa, rather remain silent.

Opinion of Imam Abu Hanifa (rah)

Imam Abu Hanifa's opinion in this regard is that its meaning is known,
but the condition is not known, because we do not know the
condition. It is mentioned in Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar which is the
commentary of Imam Abu Hanifa’s famous book al-Fiqh al-Akbar:

‫ ﻓﻤﺎ ذﮐﺮە اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻦ ذﮐﺮ اﻟﻮﺟ و اﻟﯿﺪ و‬،‫وﻟ ﯾﺪ و وﺟ و ﻧﻔﺲ ﮐﻤﺎ ذﮐﺮە اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
‫ إن ﯾﺪە ﻗﺪرﺗ او ﻌﻤﺘ ﻷن ﻓﯿ إﺑﻄﺎل اﻟﺼﻔﺔ و ﻮ ﻗﻮل أ ﻞ‬:‫ و ﻻ ﯾﻘﺎل‬،‫اﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻟ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺑﻼ ﮐﯿﻒ‬
‫ )ﺷﺮح ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔﻘ‬.‫ وﻏﻀﺒ و رﺿﺎە ﺻﻔﺘﺎن ﻌﺎ ﺑﻼ ﮐﯿﻒ‬،‫ و ﻟﮑﻦ ﯾﺪە ﺻﻔﺘ ﺑﻼ ﮐﯿﻒ‬،‫اﻟﻘﺪر و اﻻﻋ ال‬
( 66-68 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻷﮐ‬
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 363

For Allah, the hand, the face, the soul is proved, as it is mentioned in
the Qur'an, so what Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬has mentioned in the Qur'an, the face,
the hand, the soul, then this is the attribute of Allah, but we do not
know the condition. And it should not be said that the meaning of ‘the
hand of Allah’ is His power, or the blessing of Allah, because by
interpreting one may invalidate the attribute of Allah. The opinion of
Qadriyah and Mu'tazilah (sects) is that Allah's hand means His power
or His blessing, but the fact is that Allah's hand means His attribute,
but without explanation. Similarly, Allah's wrath and and Allah's
pleasure are both attributes of Allah, but we do not know their
conditions. (Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar, p 66, 68)

The commentators have also included “Allah has positioned Himself

on the Throne” [al-Quran: 20:5] in the category of istawa and the
meaning of istawa is known, but it is not known in what condition
Allah has positioned Himself on the Throne, nor it is explained in any
verse or hadith. That’s why it is one of the Mutashabihat (whose exact
meaning is known only to Allah), so we have to keep quiet about it.

Opinion of Imam Ghazali (rah)

Imam al-Ghazali (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: The translation
of istawa is not to sit on the Throne, or position oneself, rather it
means to protect the Throne, to occupied the Throne, keep the
Throne. (Qawaid al-Aqaid, p 167)

So, If the word Istawa is translated as “He protected the Throne”, “He
occupied the Throne” or “He kept the Throne”, then the condition of
Allah does not come in it, so there is no need to discuss the condition
in this translation.

He did not translate that Allah seated on the Throne, or positioned

Himself.
364 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Opinion of Imam Tahawi (rah)

Imam Tahawi (rah) has adopted the view that the Throne and the
Chair are true, but Allah does not need the Throne and the Chair. He
says:

‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬. ‫ و ﻮ ﻋﺰو ﺟﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻐﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﺮش و ﻣﺎ دوﻧ‬،‫ﺣﻖ‬ ‫واﻟﻌﺮش و اﻟﮑﺮ‬
(13 ‫ ص‬،50 ‫ و‬49

“The Throne and the Chair is True, but Allah Almighty does not need
the Throne and the Chair.” (Al-Aqidah Al-Tahawiyyah, Aqidah No. 49,
50, p 13)

The opinions of these 6 groups and 4 elders of Ulama are in front of

you, consider for yourself.

These Words are also among Mutashabihat

Apart from Istawa, the following 9 words are also among the
Mutashabihat.

The Quran says: “Nothing is like Him” [al-Quran 42:11], so Allah's

hands, face, etc cannot be like our hands and faces, their true
meaning is known only to Allah, so these words and limbs are among
the Mutashabihat, and it is forbidden in the verse to enter into
Mutashabihat. Therefore, believe in these words, and avoid further
intrusion.

The commentators of the Qur’an have translated these words from

the point of view of the context, which is not the actual translation,
but they have tried to explain the meaning of these sentences in order
to make it closer to people’s understanding.

Here are the nine words:

28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 365

(1) The hand of Allah

(2) The face of Allah

(3) The soul of Allah

(4) The eye of Allah

(5) Right hand

(6) Finger

(7) Foot

(8) The descent of Allah

(9) To create Adam in His own form

Here are the verses that mention hand for Allah:

ُ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ ُْ َ ٌ ُﱠ‬ ُ ُ َ ‫ َو َﻗ َﺎﻟﺖ ْاﻟ‬30
‫ﻮد َﻳ ُﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﻣﻐﻠﻮﻟﺔ ﻏﻠ ْﺖ أ ْﻳ ِﺪ ِ ْﻢ َوﻟ ِﻌ ُﻨﻮا ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا َﺑ ْﻞ َﻳ َﺪ ُاﻩ‬ ِ
ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُْ ََ ُ َْ
[5:64 ‫ﻣ ﺴﻮﻃﺘ ِﺎن ﻳﻨ ِﻔﻖ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺸﺎء ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“The Jews said, .Allah‘s hand is fettered.. Fettered are their own
hands, and cursed are they for what they said. In fact, His hands are
outspread, He spends as He wills.” [5:64]
َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫إ ﱠن ﱠاﻟﺬ‬
[48:10 ‫ﻳﻦ ُﻳ َﺒﺎ ِ ُﻌﻮﻧ َﻚ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ُﻳ َﺒﺎ ِ ُﻌﻮن اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻳ ُﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓ ْﻮق أ ْﻳ ِﺪ ِ ْﻢ ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ِ ِ 31

“Those who pledge allegiance with you (by placing their hands in your
hand)__ they, in fact, pledge allegiance with Allah. Allah‘s hand is over
their hands.” [48:10]
366 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ََُ َ ‫َ ُ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
[36:83 ‫ﻮت ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء َو ِ ﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ﺗ ْﺮ َﺟ ُﻌﻮن ] ﺲ‬ ‫ﺎن اﻟ ِﺬي ِﺑﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ ﻣﻠ‬‫ﻓﺴﺒﺤ‬ 32

“So, pure (from every fault) is the One in whose hand is the dominion
of all things. And towards Him you are to be returned.” [36:83]

In these three verses the hand of Allah is mentioned.

These verses mention face for Allah:

‫َ ﱠ ْ َ ْ ُق َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱡ َ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ﱠ ﱠ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َو ِاﺳ ٌﻊ َﻋ ِﻠ‬
‫ﻴﻢ‬ ‫ وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ اﻟﻤﺸ ِﺮ واﻟﻤﻐ ِﺮب ﻓﺄﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻮا ﻓﺜﻢ وﺟﮫ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإن‬33
[2:115 ‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“To Allah belongs the East and the West. So, whichever way you turn,
there is the Face of Allah. Indeed, Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.”
[2:115]

‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ َ ُ
‫َو َﻣﺎ ﺗ ْﻨ ِﻔ ُﻘﻮا ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺧ ْ ٍ ﻓ ِﻸ ْﻧ ُﻔ ِﺴﻜ ْﻢ َو َﻣﺎ ُﺗ ْﻨ ِﻔ ُﻘﻮن ِإﻻ ْاﺑ ِﺘﻐ َﺎء َو ْﺟ ِﮫ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ 34
[2:272

“Whatever good you spend is for your own selves, and you shall not
spend but to seek the Face (pleasure) of Allah.” [2:272]

َ ْ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﻓ ُﺄ َوﻟﺌ َﻚ ُ ُﻢ ْاﻟ ُﻤ‬

[30:39 ‫ﻀ ِﻌ ُﻔﻮن ]اﻟﺮوم‬
‫َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ َ َ ُ ُ َن َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ‫وﻣﺎ آﺗ ﺘﻢ ِﻣﻦ ز ٍﺎة ﺗ ِﺮ ﺪو وﺟﮫ‬ 35

“and whatever Zakah you give, seeking Allah‘s pleasure with it, (it is
multiplied by Allah, and) it is such people who multiply (their wealth
in real terms.)” [30:39]

In these three verses, the Face of Allah is mentioned.

The following verse mentions Soul or Heart for Allah:

28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 367

َ َ َ َ َ َ َ
[5:116 ‫ْﻌﻠ ُﻢ َﻣﺎ ِ ﻧ ْﻔ ِ َوﻻ أ ْﻋﻠ ُﻢ َﻣﺎ ِ ﻧ ْﻔ ِﺴ َﻚ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ 36

“You know what is in my heart, and I do not know what is in Your‘s.”

[5:116]

The following verse mentions Eye for Allah:

َ ْ ُ َ
[20:39 ‫ﺼ َﻨ َﻊ َﻋ َﻋ ْﻴ ِ ]ﻃﮫ‬‫وِﻟﺘ‬ 37

“and that you might be brought up under My eye.” [20:39]

The following verse mentions Right Hand for Allah:

ٌ ‫ات َﻣ ْﻄﻮ ﱠ‬
[39:67 ‫ﺎت ِﺑ َﻴ ِﻤﻴ ِﻨ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬ ُ ‫ﻤﺎو‬
َ ‫اﻟﺴ‬
‫َو ﱠ‬ 38
ِ
“and the heavens (will be) rolled up on his right hand.” [39:67]

The following hadith mentions Finger for Allah:

‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫ إن ﻗﻠﻮب ﺑ آدم ﻠ ﺎ ﺑ ن أﺻﺒﻌ ن ﻣﻦ أﺻﺎ ﻊ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ‬3
(6569 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،130 ‫ ص‬،11 ‫ ج‬،‫اﻟﻌﺎص‬

“The hearts of the children of Adam are between the fingers of Allah,
the Most Merciful. (Musnad Ahmad, Musnad Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-
Aas, 11/130, Hadith No. 6569)

This hadith mentions the fingers for Allah.

The following hadith mentions Foot for Allah:

‫ ﯾﻘﺎل ﻨﻢ ﻞ اﻣﺘﻸت و ﺗﻘﻮل ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺰ ﺪ؟ ﻓﯿﻀﻊ اﻟﺮب ﺗﺒﺎرک و ﻌﺎ ﻗﺪﻣ ﻋﻠﯿ ﺎ‬... ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬4
(4849 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،858 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮﻟ وﺗﻘﻮل ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺰ ﺪ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺳﻮرة ق‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﻓﺘﻘﻮل ﻗﻂ ﻗﻂ‬
368 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (raz): Hell will be

asked, "Are you full?" Hell will say: give more, then Allah Almighty will
put his foot on it then hell will say, “that's enough”. (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Book of Surah Qaf, p 858, No 4849)

This hadith mentions foot for Allah.

The following hadith mentions descent for Allah:

َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل " َﻳ ِ ُل َرﱡ َﻨﺎ ﺗ َﺒ َﺎر َك َو َﻌﺎ ﱠﻞ ﻟ ْﻴﻠ ٍﺔ ِإ َﺳ َﻤ ِﺎء‬‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮة‬5
(1315 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،197 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أي اﻟﻠﯿﻞ أﻓﻀﻞ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻄﻮع‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬...‫اﻵﺧ ُﺮ‬ ْ‫ﱡ َْ َ َْ َ ُُ ُ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ِﺣ ن ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺛﻠﺚ اﻟﻠﻴ ِﻞ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (raz), the Messenger

of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “The Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬said: Our Lord, every night, when there are only third part of the
last of night left, He descends towards the sky of world. (Abu Dawud,
Kitab al-Tatawwu, p 197, No 1315)

This hadith mentions the descent of Allah.

Adam (peace be upon him) was created by Allah in His own image.

‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ ﺧﻠﻖ اﻟﻠ آدم ﻋ ﺻﻮرﺗ ﻃﻮﻟ ﺳﺘﻮن ذراﻋﺎ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل‬6
‫ ﺑﺎب ﯾﺪﺧﻞ ا ﻨﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺔ و ﻌﯿﻤ ﺎ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬6227 ،1084 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺑﺪء اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫اﻻﺳ ﺌﺬان‬
(7163/2841 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1234 ‫ ص‬، ‫أﻗﻮام أ ﻓﺌﺪﭨ ﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ أﻓﺌﺪة اﻟﻄ‬

“It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hariryrah (raz) that the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Allah created Adam in His own image, his height was sixty
cubits.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Istizan, p 1084, No 6227; Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Jannah, p 1234, No 2841/7163)

This hadith mentions that Adam (peace be upon him) was created by
Allah in His own image.
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 369

These are mutashabihat, we are asked not to venture to explore their

meaning.

So, these were 38 verses and 6 hadiths about this belief.

 | 370

28 – What is Qalam (Pen)?

There are 4 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief, the details are as
follows:

It is known from the Qur'an and the Hadith that Allah created the pen
to write, and asked it to write, so it wrote down everything that it was
asked to write. But its detail condition is not known, it is known to
Allah alone.

Here are the verses:

ُ َ ْ
[68:1 ‫ن َواﻟ َﻘﻠ ِﻢ َو َﻣﺎ َ ْﺴﻄ ُﺮو َن ]اﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ 1

“Nun, by the pen and what they write.” [68:1]

ََْ َ ‫َﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ْ َْ َ َﱡ‬

[96:3-4 ‫ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻋﻠﻢ ِﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠ ِﻢ ]اﻟﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ اﻗﺮأ ور ﻚ اﻷﻛﺮم‬2

“Read, and your Lord is the most gracious, who imparted knowledge
by means of the pen.” [96:3-4]
‫ََ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎل ُﻋ َﺒ َﺎد ُة ْﺑ ُﻦ ﱠ‬َ ‫ َﻗ‬1
‫ َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " ِإ ﱠن أ ﱠو َل َﻣﺎ ﺧﻠ َﻖ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬... ‫اﻟﺼ ِﺎﻣ ِﺖ ِﻻ ْﺑ ِﻨ ِﮫ‬
ّ َُ ‫ََْ َ ََ َ َُ ُْ ْ َ َ َ ّ ََ َ َُْ ُ َ َ ُْ ْ ََ َ ُ ّ َ ْ َﱠ َُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ َﻳﺎ ُﺑ َ ﱠ ِإ ِ ﻲ َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ‬." ‫ﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ ﻗﺎل ر ِب وﻣﺎذا أﻛﺘﺐ ﻗﺎل اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻘ ِﺎدﻳﺮ ِﻞ ٍء ﺣ ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﺴ‬.‫اﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻟﮫ اﻛﺘﺐ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ّ ِ ‫ﺲ ِﻣ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺎت َﻋ َ َﻏ ْ َ َﺬا َﻓ َﻠ‬
َ ‫َ ُ ُل َﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ‬
" ‫َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮ‬
‫ﱠ‬
ِ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،495 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻋﻈﺎم أﻣﺮ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻘﺪر‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬4700 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،664 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻘﺪر‬
(2155

Hadhrat Ubadah b. al Samit (raz) said to his son: … I heard the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬say: The first thing Allah created was the pen.
He said to it: Write. It asked: What should I write, my Lord? He said:
28 – What is Qalam (Pen)? | 371

Write what was decreed about everything till the Last Hour comes.
Son! I heard the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬say : He who dies on
something other than this does not belong to me.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab
al-Sunnah, Bab fi al-Qadr, p. 664, No. 4700; Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab
al-Qadr, Bab al-A'zam Amr al-Iman al-Qadr, p. 495, No. 2155)

It is clear from these verses and hadith that the Pen is a special thing
of Allah which He created first and commanded to write down
everything till the Day of Resurrection and things after that, and the
Pen wrote down all these things. But this Pen is not like our pen, only
Allah knows how it is.

What is a Lauh (Tablet)?

Lauh means tablet, but only Allah knows what kind of Tablet it is. The
devils and jinn cannot reach the tablet that they can change or distort.
The Holy Qur'an was preserved in that tablet, and it is still there. It
was taken out of it and revealed to the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬which is
before us today.

ُ ْ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ٌ َْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ
ٍ ‫ ِ ﻟﻮ ٍح ﻣﺤﻔ‬ ‫ ﺑﻞ ﻮ ﻗﺮآن ﻣ ِﺠﻴﺪ‬3
[85:21-22 ‫ﻮظ ]اﻟ وج‬

“The reality is that it is the glorious Qur‘an, (recorded) in the

Preserved Tablet (Lauh Mahfuz).” [85:21-22]

ْ
[56:77-78 ‫ﺎب َﻣﻜ ُﻨﻮ ٍن ]اﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬َ ‫ ﻛ‬ ‫ إ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻟ ُﻘ ْ َﺮآ ٌن َﻛﺮ ٌﻢ‬4
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
“It is surely the Noble Qur‘an, (recorded already) in a protected book
(i.e. the Preserved Tablet).” [56:77-78]

‫ و ﺎن ﻋﺮﺷ‬، ‫ ﻗﺎل ﺎن اﻟﻠ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻞ ﺷ‬... :‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮان ﺑﻦ ﺣﺼ ن ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬2
‫ ص‬،33 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻋﻤﺮان ﺑﻦ ﺣﺼ ن‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬. ‫ و ﮐﺘﺐ اﻟﻠﻮح ذﮐﺮ ﻞ ﺷ‬،‫ﻋ اﻟﻤﺎء‬
(19876 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،107
372 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is narrated on the authority of Imran b. Hussain, he said: I heard the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “First of all there was Allah, and the
Throne of Allah was on the water, and everything was recorded in the
Preserved Tablet.” (Musnad Ahmad, Hadith of Imran bin Hussain, vol.
33, p. 107, No. 19876)

It was known from these verses and hadith that the Qur'an was in the
Preserved Tablet, from there it was revealed to the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬,
and it wis also known that everything is mentioned in the Preserved
Tablet.

So, these were 4 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 373

29 – What is Iman?

There are 14 verses and 6 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which as follows:

If a person believes in the following six things, he will be declared a

mu’min (believer).

If he denies one of these six things, he will be a kafir (disbeliever), but

if he does not deny one of these six things, he will not be a disbeliever,
he will remain a Muslim, so it is not permissible to give a fatwa of
disbelief on petty matters.

So, Iman means to:

(1) Have faith in Allah

(2) Have faith in the Prophets

(3) Have faith in the Books of Allah

(4) Have faith in the angels

(5) Have faith in the Hereafter

(6) Have faith in destiny.

It is mentioned in al-Aqidat al-Tahawiyyah that it is necessary to have

faith in these six things.
374 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ وﺣﻠﻮە‬،‫ واﻟﻘﺪر ﺧ ە وﺷﺮە‬،‫ واﻟﯿﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ‬، ‫ ورﺳﻠ‬، ‫ وﮐﺘﺒ‬، ‫ وﻣﻼﺋﮑﺘ‬، ‫واﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﻮ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻠ‬
(15 ‫ ص‬،66 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪە‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫وﻣﺮە‬

“Iman means to believe in Allah, in the angels, in the books of Allah,

in His messengers, in the Hereafter, in the destiny good or bad, sweet
or sour.” (al-Aqidat al-Tahawiyyah, Aqidah No 66, p 15)

It says that believing in these six things makes a person a believer.

Here are the proofs of these six beliefs:

ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ُ ُل َ ُ ْ َل َ ْ ْ َ ّ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َن ُ ﱞ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ آﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺳﻮ ِﺑﻤﺎ أﻧ ِﺰ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ رِ ِﮫ واﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨﻮ ﻞ آﻣﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜ ِﺘ ِﮫ وﻛﺘ ِﺒ ِﮫ‬1
ُ ُ ْ َ َ َ َْ ُ ّ َ ُ َ ُ ُ َ
[2:285 ‫ورﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ﻻ ﻧﻔ ِﺮق ﺑ ن أﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣﻦ رﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“The Messenger has believed in what has been revealed to him from
his Lord, and the believers as well. All have believed in Allah and His
angels and His Books and His Messengers.” [2:285]

This verse mentions believing in four things.

َ ّ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ َ ََ ْ َ َْ َْْ َ ‫َ ْ ََ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ َو َﻟ ِﻜ ﱠﻦ ْاﻟ ﱠ‬2

‫ﺎب واﻟﻨ ِ ِﻴ ن ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
ِ ‫ﻣﻦ آﻣﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ واﻟﻴﻮ ِم اﻵ ِﺧ ِﺮ واﻟﻤﻼ ِﺋﻜ ِﺔ واﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬ ِ
[2:177

“but righteousness is that one believes in Allah and the Last Day and
the angels and the Book and the Prophets.” [2:177]

It is mentioned in hadiths:

‫ و‬، ‫ و ﮐﺘﺒ‬، ‫ ﻋﻦ ﯾ اﺑﻦ ﻌﻤﺮ․․․ﻗﺎل ﻓﺄﺧ ﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن؟ ﻗﺎل أن ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠ و ﻣﻼﺋﮑﺘ‬1
‫ ص‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ و ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪر ﺧ ە وﺷﺮە ﻗﺎل ﺻﺪﻗﺖ‬،‫ و اﻟﯿﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ‬، ‫رﺳﻠ‬
(93/8 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،25
29 – What is Iman? | 375

“It is narrated on the authority of Yahya Ibn Ya'mar, he said: He asked

the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to tell him about faith. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: Believe
in Allah, His angels, His books, His Messengers, the Last Day and
believe in this destiny good or bad. He said, you have told the truth.”
(Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p 25, No. 8/93)

‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺳﻌﯿﺪ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻘﻲ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ اﺑﻦ ﺻﺎﺋﺪ ﻌﺾ ﻃﺮق اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ․․․ ﻓﻘﺎل أ ﺸﻬﺪ أﻧﺖ‬2
‫أ ﻲ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨ ﷺ آﻣﻨﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻠ و ﻣﻼﺋﮑﺘ وﮐﺘﺒ ورﺳﻠ واﻟﯿﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ ۔ ) ﺗﺮﻣﺬی ﺷﺮ ﻒ‬
(۲۲ ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،۵۱٦ ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ذﮐﺮ اﺑﻦ ﺻﯿﺎد‬،

“It is narrated on the authority of Abu Sa'id, he said: “The Messenger

of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬met Ibn Sa'id in one of the roads of Madinah... He said,
"Do you testify that I am the Messenger of Allah?" The Holy Prophet
replied: “I believe in Allah, His angels, His books and His apostles and
the last day.” (Tirmidhi, Bab Ma Jaa Fi Zikr Ibn Sa’id, p. 516, No. 2247)

These verses and hadiths mention believing in six things, so if you

believe in these six things, you will become a believer, otherwise not.

The Meaning of Faith in Allah

Belief in Allah means believing in Allah as One.

Kafir: Now if one does not believe in Allah as Creator, rather he says
that the whole world was created by itself, as the atheists say, then
such a man is kafir (infidel).

Mushrik: If he believes in Allah believes, believes that He is the

Creator of the world, but believes in many gods, then he is called
mushrik (polytheist). Please, see the rest of the details in the
discussion of Shirk.
376 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Meaning of Believing in the Books

The verse [2:285] mentions that all the books that Allah has sent
down are true. Let us all believe that those books were enough to
guide man in their time, and among them, too, were the six
components of the faith mentioned above, which we must believe in,
although the other details were different, it is not permissible to act
on them now, because those details have now been abolished, so
now we have to follow the Shari’ah of the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

So, we have to respect all these heavenly books, and love them with
all our heart.

The final book revealed by Allah is the Qur’an. There are three forms
of believing in the Qur'an:

(1) Believing in the Qur'an means believing in every verse of it that it

is a revelation from Allah. If one denies even one of these verses, then
he is a disbeliever.

(2) If a command is proved by a clear verse, then it is also necessary

to obey it. If one denies even one of these verses, then he is a
disbeliever.

For example, prayer and fasting are proven by clear verses, so if one
denies it, for example, if he says that he does not believe in prayer, or
if he does not believe in fasting, then he will become a disbeliever,
because he denied the verse.

The same thing is mentioned in the books of Fiqh (jurisprudence) that

if one denies the matters of religion, then one will become a
disbeliever.

But if a person believes that prayer is obligatory, that fasting is

obligatory, he does not deny it, but does not offer prayers because of
29 – What is Iman? | 377

laziness, or does not fast, then he will not become a kafir, although he
will be called a fasiq (sinner).

The Principle of Accepting the Interpretation of a Complex

Verse

(3) The third case is that the verse is mughlaq (complex), its meaning
is not clear as well as its meaning is not mentioned in any clear hadith.
For example, if two commentators have stated two meanings, he
believes that this is a verse sent down by Allah, but he believes in one
interpretation and does not believe in the other interpretation, or the
ruling of another interpretation, so he will not become a disbeliever,
because he has accepted the verse, but he has not accepted one of its
interpretation, so he will not become a disbeliever.

It is very important to remember this principle, otherwise many sects

do so by interpreting a vague verse according to their own
interpretation, and those of other sects do not believe it, so they call
them kafir and even they do not offer prayers behind them, and if
someone offers funeral prayer of opposite person, then those who
offer funeral prayers are declared as kafir and their marriages are
dissolved.

Consider the point, how many Muslims were divided by such a fatwa,
and what is the fate of Muslims today due to such issues.

However, denying the verse will make one a disbeliever. Here are
some verses that establish this point:

َ ٌ َ َ ْ َُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ََُ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
[3:4 ‫اب ﺷ ِﺪ ٌﻳﺪ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬‫ﺎت اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻟ ﻢ ﻋﺬ‬‫ﻳ‬َ
ِ ‫ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﻔﺮوا ِﺑ‬3
‫ﺂ‬

“Surely, those who have rejected the verses of Allah, for them there
is severe punishment...” [3:4]
378 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ْ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﺳﺮ ُﻊ ا‬
‫ﱠ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ َ َُْْ ْ ََ
[3:19 ‫ﺎب ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬‫ﺴ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫ن‬‫ﺈ‬ِ ِ ِ ‫ وﻣﻦ ﻳﻜﻔﺮ ِﺑ‬4
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﺎت‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺂ‬

“Whoever denies the verses of Allah, then, Allah is swift at reckoning.”

[3:19]

‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو َ ْﻘ ُﺘ ُﻠﻮ َن ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّﻴ َن َﻐ ْ َﺣ ّﻖ َو َ ْﻘ ُﺘ ُﻠﻮ َن ﱠاﻟﺬ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َُُْ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ‬ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ‫ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻜﻔﺮون ِﺑ‬5
‫ﺎت‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺂ‬
َ َ َ ْ ُْ ّ ََ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﻳ ْﺄ ُﻣ ُﺮ‬
ْ ‫ون ﺑ ْﺎﻟﻘ‬
[3:21 ‫اب أ ِﻟ ٍﻴﻢ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ٍ ِ ‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺸ‬ِ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎس‬‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻂ‬‫ﺴ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ

“Surely, those who reject the verses of Allah and slay the prophets
unjustly, and slay those of the people who bid justice, give them the
good news of a painful punishment.” [3:21]

َ‫ﱠ َ ْ َ ُ ن‬ َ َ َ ‫ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[6:33 ‫ﺎت اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻳ ﺪو ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬
ِ ‫ وﻟ ِﻜﻦ اﻟﻈ ِﺎﻟ ِﻤ ن ِﺑﺂﻳ‬6

“but the transgressors actually deny the signs of Allah.” [6:33]

In all these verses it is said that he who does not believe in the verses
of Allah is a disbeliever. And to deny a verse means to deny a single
verse of the Qur'an, or to deny a clear command from a verse, this
will make one a disbeliever.

What it Means to Believe in Messengers?

The verse [2:285] mentions that all the messengers and prophets sent
down by Allah are true. We should believe in all the Messengers who
were the true Apostles and Prophet in their time, and their Shari'ah
was the true. All the principle components of faith (Belief in Allah, the
Prophet, the Book, the Angel, the Hereafter, and Destiny) were the
same among all the Prophets, although the other issues, such as the
methods of prayer, fasting etc were different, so their details we shall
not act on the those details now, and we will have faith in the
fundamental six beliefs only.
29 – What is Iman? | 379

It was in the law of the previous prophets that it was necessary to

believe in these points, as the Qur’an says:

ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ُ ُل َ ُ ْ َل َ ْ ْ َ ّ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ ُ ﱞ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ آﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺳﻮ ِﺑﻤﺎ أﻧ ِﺰ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ رِ ِﮫ واﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨﻮن ﻞ آﻣﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜ ِﺘ ِﮫ وﻛﺘ ِﺒ ِﮫ‬7
ُ ُ ْ َ َ َ َْ ُ ّ َ ُ َ ُ ُ َ
[2:285 ‫ورﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ﻻ ﻧﻔ ِﺮق ﺑ ن أﺣ ٍﺪ ِﻣﻦ رﺳ ِﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“The Messenger has believed in what has been revealed to him from
his Lord, and the believers as well. All have believed in Allah and His
angels and His Books and His Messengers.” [2:285]

In this verse, it is stated that in the law of all the previous messengers,
people were asked to believe in all the messengers, angels, and all the
books.

So, we should believe in all these messengers that they were the true
messengers, and the true prophets, and it is necessary to respect
them, and love them from the heart, it is not permissible to neglect
them the least, this is what Islam teaches to its followers.

One Who will Deny any one of these Six Beliefs He will be a
Disbeliever

If one denies one of these six beliefs, he will be a disbeliever, but if he

does not deny one of these six beliefs, he will not be a disbeliever, he
will remain a Muslim, so it is not permissible to give a fatwa of
disbelief on petty matters.

The proof of this is the text from Al-Tahawiyyah:

،61 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ﻮد ﻣﺎ أدﺧﻠ اﻟﻠ ﻓﯿ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬ ‫وﻻ ﯾﺨﺮج اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن إﻻ ﺑ‬
(15 ‫ص‬

“One will come out of the faith by denying the things which Allah has
made him believe.”(Aqidat al-Tahawiyyah, Aqidah No. 61, p. 15)
380 | Samarat al-Aqaid

This text says that when a person becomes a Muslim by confessing

these six beliefs, then by denying one of them, he will come out of
faith, but if he does not deny one of them, he will remain a believer.
In the same way, committing a major sin will not make him a kafir.
Yes, if he considers it a lawful to commit a major sin, then he will
become a kafir, because to consider a major sin lawful means that he
is denying the verse of major sin.

Faith Means Affirmation with Heart and Confession with

Tongue

One should confirm with his heart all the six beliefs that are necessary
for faith, and also confess with his tongue that I am a Muslim, then he
will become a believer. But if he does not confirm with his heart, he
confesses only with his tongue, so he is not a believer, such a person
is a hypocrite.

Confession with the tongue is necessary so that worldly rulings can be

enacted, for example: Funeral prayers should be offered on him, a
Muslim woman is married to him, because if one does not confess
Islam, then how will the people of the world know that He is a Muslim,
and how Islamic injunctions will apply him.

It is mentioned in Aqidat al-Tahawiyyah:

(15 ‫ ص‬،62 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ و اﻟﺘﺼﺪﯾﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻨﺎن )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬،‫واﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﻮ اﻹﻗﺮار ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺴﺎن‬

“Iman means to confess with the tongue and to affirm with the
heart.” (Aqidat al-Tahawiyyah, Aqidah, No. 62, p. 15)

It says that iman is to confirm with the heart and to confess with the
tongue.
29 – What is Iman? | 381

Denial of Faith for Fear of Murder

If there is faith in the heart, but one denies Allah with his tongue for
fear of being killed, he will still be a believer, because the real faith is
to believe in Allah from the heart.

The proof for this is the verse that follows:

َ ْ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُْ َ َ َُْ ُ ُ َْ ﱞ‬
‫ﺎﻹ َﻳﻤ ِﺎن َوﻟ ِﻜ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﻦ‬
ِ ‫ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻔﺮ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ ﻌ ِﺪ ِإﻳﻤﺎ ِﻧ ِﮫ ِإﻻ ﻣﻦ أﻛ ِﺮﻩ وﻗﻠﺒﮫ ﻣﻄﻤ ِ ن ِﺑ‬7
[16:106 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو َﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻋ َﺬ‬
ٌ ‫اب َﻋ ِﻈ‬ ‫َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ً َ ََْ ْ َ َ ٌ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺷﺮح ِﺑﺎﻟﻜﻔ ِﺮ ﺻﺪرا ﻓﻌﻠ ِ ﻢ ﻏﻀﺐ ِﻣﻦ‬

“Whoever rejects his faith in Allah after having believed in Him — not
the one who is compelled (to utter a word of disbelief) under duress
while his heart is at peace with Faith, but the one who has laid his
breast wide open for disbelief — upon such people is the wrath of
Allah, and for them there is a heavy punishment.” [16:106]

There are two things in this verse: (1) if one does not believe in Allah
from the heart, then even if he speaks with his tongue, he is not a
believer in Allah. (2) the faith is in the heart, but if one denies Allah
with one's tongue out of compulsion, then he is a believer. It is not
correct to impose the fatwa of disbelief on him.

َ َ ْ ُ ُُ َ َ َ َ َ ُ
[58:22 ‫اﻹﻳﻤﺎن ]ا ﺎدﻟﺔ‬
ِ ‫ أوﻟ ِﺌﻚ ﻛﺘﺐ ِ ﻗﻠﻮ ِ ِ ﻢ‬8
“They are such that Allah has inscribed faith on their hearts” [58:22]

This verse shows that the oneness of Allah in the heart is the real faith.
َْ ‫ّ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻻ ِإﻟ َﮫ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َو ِ ﻗﻠ ِﺒ ِﮫ‬‫ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل ﻳﺨﺮج ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨ ِﺎر ﻣﻦ ﻗ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ َﻋ ْﻦ ﱠ‬3
‫اﻟﻨ‬
ِ ٍ
ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ‫َ ْز‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،10 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎدة اﻹﯾﻤﺎن و ﻧﻘﺼﺎﻧﮫ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ) . ٍ ‫و ن ﺷ ِﻌ ٍة ِﻣﻦ ﺧ‬
(44
382 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Anas (raz), the Prophet

(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever says, Laa
ilaaha ill-Allah, and has faith in his heart equal to barley, he will be
taken out of Hell.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Iman, p 10, No.44)

‫ ․․․ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎر ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎل ﻻ اﻟ اﻻ اﻟﻠ و‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﮏ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬4
،‫ ﺑﺎب أد ﯽ أ ﻞ ا ﻨﺔ ﻣ ﻟﺔ ﻓﯿ ﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ﺎن ﻗﻠﺒﮫ ﻣﻦ ا ﻣﺎ ﯾﺰن ذرة‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﻼم اﻟﺮب ﻌﺎ ﯾﻮم‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻮﺣﯿﺪ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬3478/193 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،102 ‫ص‬
(7510 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1294 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻻﻧ ﯿﺎء وﻏ ﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Anas ibn Malik (raz) that the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said, “Whoever says, “Then one will be taken
out of Hell who said there is none worthy of worship but Allah and
has an atom of goodness in his heart.” (Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p. 102,
No. 193/3478; Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tawhid, p. 1294, No 7510)

It is known from these verses and hadiths that if there is an atom of

faith in the heart, then He will enter Paradise, which means that the
confirmation of heart is the real faith.

We are not Obliged to Look into the Heart

If one confesses faith with his tongue, then we are not obliged to
investigate whether he said it with his heart or not, but we will
consider him a believer and the rules of Islam will apply him. Yes, if he
commits apparent disbelief or polytheism, then he will be considered
a disbeliever. For example, if he confesses his faith and prostrates
before idols, then he will be considered a disbeliever as this act of him
is disbelief.

We are not obliged to examine the heart:

‫ََ َْْ ُ َ ُ ً َ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
َ‫ َﻓ َﻄ َﻌ ْﻨ ُﺘ ُﮫ َﻓ َﻮ َﻗ َﻊ َﻧ ْﻔ ﻣ ْﻦ َذﻟﻚ‬.‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﺄدرﻛﺖ رﺟﻼ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ‬... ‫ ﻋﻦ أﺳﺎﻣﺔ ﺑ ِﻦ ز ٍﺪ‬5
‫َ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ُﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﻓ َﺬ َﻛ ْﺮُﺗ ُﮫ ِﻟﻠ ﱠﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " أﻗﺎل ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ِ ِ
29 – What is Iman? | 383

‫ﺎل " َأ َﻓ َﻼ َﺷ َﻘ ْﻘ َﺖ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﻠﺒﮫ َﺣ ﱠ‬ ّ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ إ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ َﻗ َﺎﻟ َﻬﺎ َﺧ ْﻮ ًﻓﺎ ﻣ َﻦ‬

َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫اﻟﺴ َﻼح‬ ‫َ َََْ ُ َ َ ُْ ُ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل‬. " ‫وﻗﺘﻠﺘﮫ‬
ِِ ِ
ِ َ َّ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ال ُﻳﻜ ّ ِﺮ ُر َ ﺎ َﻋ ﱠ َﺣ ﱠ ﺗ َﻤ ﱠﻨ ْ ُﺖ أ ِ ﻲ أ ْﺳﻠ ْﻤ ُﺖ َﻳ ْﻮ َﻣ ِﺌ ٍﺬ‬
َ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻤﺎ َز‬. " ‫َ ْﻌ َﻠ َﻢ َأ َﻗ َﺎﻟ َﻬﺎ َأ ْم َﻻ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫؛ أﺑﻮ داؤد‬277/96 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،56 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ ﻗﺘﻞ اﻟ ﺎﻓﺮ ﻌﺪ ﻗﻮﻟ ﻻ اﻟ اﻻ اﻟﻠ‬، ‫اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬
(2640 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،381 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻋ ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺎﺗﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺮ ﻮن‬،‫ا ﺎد‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Usama b. Zaid (raz): … I

caught hold of a man and he said: There is no god but Allah, I attacked
him with a spear. It once occurred to me and I talked about it to the
Apostle (‫)ﷺ‬. The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: Did he profess" There is
no god but Allah," and even then you killed him? I said: Messenger of
Allah, he made a profession of it out of the fear of the weapon. He
(the Holy Prophet) observed: Did you tear his heart in order to find
out whether it had professed or not? And he went on repeating it to
me till I wished I had embraced Islam that day.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab
al-Iman, Chapter on Prohibition of Killing Infidels After Saying La ilaha
illa Allah, p. 56, No. 96/277; Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Jihad, p. 381, No.
2640)

It is clear from this hadith that if one says La ilaha illa Allah with the
tongue, then there is no need to inquire whether there is faith in the
heart or not. Nowadays, people give fatwas about others to be kafir
and mushrik on the slightest thing, and they observe stubbornness in
this regard. This is against the hadith.

Practicing is a Part of Faith

Practicing is a part of faith, therefore it is written in some books that

while defining iman: “to practice with body parts”.

However, one thing is for sure, if one acts against the fundamentals
of faith, then he will be considered a disbeliever. For example, the
Quran says, do not prostrate to anyone other than Allah, and one
prostrated before idols, then this act will make him a disbeliever
because he acted against a clear verse.
384 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is mentioned in the Qur’an:

َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ً َ َ َ َ َ َََ َ َ ْ َ ٌ ‫َ ّ َ َﱠ‬

[20:82 ‫ و ِ ِ ﻲ ﻟﻐﻔﺎر ِﻟﻤﻦ ﺗﺎب وآﻣﻦ وﻋ ِﻤﻞ ﺻﺎ ِ ﺎ ﺛﻢ ا ﺘﺪى ]ﻃﮫ‬9

“Surely I am the Most-Forgiving for him who repents and believes and
acts righteously, then follows the right path.” [20:82]

َ ‫اﻟﺼﺎ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ََُ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ ْ ُ َ َ َ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت ]اﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻮا‬‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻤ‬
ِ ‫ﻋ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻮا‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ﻳﻦ‬‫ﺬ‬ِ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إ‬ِ  ‫ﺮ‬
ٍ ‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻔ‬
ِ ‫اﻹ ﺴﺎن‬
‫ﻟ‬ ِ ‫ ِإن‬10
[103:2-3

“Man is in a state of loss indeed, except those who believed and did
righteous deeds.” [103:2-3]
َ ََ َْ َْْ َ ‫َ ْ ََ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻﺎ ِ ً ﺎ ﻓﻠ ُ ْﻢ أ ْﺟ ُﺮ ُ ْﻢ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َ ِّر ِ ْﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
َ ‫اﻵﺧﺮ َو َﻋﻤ َﻞ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻣﻦ آﻣﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ واﻟﻴﻮ ِم‬11
[2:62

“whosoever believes in Allah and in the Last Day, and does good
deeds – all such people will have their reward with their Lord” [2:62]

In these verses it is said that one should believe and do good deeds,
which shows that doing good deeds is also a part of faith.

Kalimah is a Combination of Two Verses

The Kalimah is a combination of two verses, one is La ilaha illa Allah,

and the other is Muhammad Rasoolullah.

There is evidence for this in this verse

َ ْ ْ َ ُ ‫َ َْ ْ َﱠ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[47:19 ‫اﺳ َﺘﻐ ِﻔ ْﺮ ِﻟﺬ ْﻧ ِﺒ َﻚ ]ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬‫ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﮫ ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ و‬12

“So, be assured that there is no god but Allah, and seek forgiveness
for your fault” [47:19]
29 – What is Iman? | 385

َ ُ ‫ﻴﻞ َﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻻ إ َﻟ َﮫ إ ﱠﻻ اﻟ ﱠﻠ ُﮫ َ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻜ‬
[37:35 ‫ون ]اﻟﺼﺎﻓﺎت‬ َ ‫ إ ﱠ ُ ْﻢ َ ُﺎﻧﻮا إ َذا ِﻗ‬13
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
“They were those to whom when it was said: .There is no god but
Allah, they waxed proud” [37:35]

In these two verses, La ilaha illa Allah is mentioned

And this verse is for the Messenger of Allah

ُْ َ َ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬
‫َ ٌ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ َﻣ َﻌ ُﮫ أ ِﺷ ﱠﺪ ُاء َﻋ اﻟﻜ ﱠﻔ ِﺎر ُر َﺣ َﻤ ُﺎء َﺑ ْﻴ َ ُ ْﻢ ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ِ ِ ‫ ُﻣﺤ ﱠﻤﺪ َرﺳﻮل‬14
[48:29

“Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and those who are with him
are hard on the disbelievers, compassionate among themselves”
[48:29]
َ َ ْ ‫ " ُﺑ َ ْاﻹ ْﺳ َﻼ ُم َﻋ َ َﺧ‬:‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ‬
‫َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺷ َﻬ َﺎد ِة أ ْن‬:‫ﺲ‬ ٍ ‫ﻤ‬ ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬:‫ وﻋ ِﻦ اﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻗﺎل‬6
‫" ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ﺎن‬ َ ‫ﻀ‬ َ ‫ﺻ ْﻮم َر َﻣ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ َﻼة َو َﻳﺘﺎء ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﺰ َ ﺎة َوا ْ َ ّ َو‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َو َأ ﱠن ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ًﺪا َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ُﻩ َو َر ُﺳ ُﻮﻟ ُﮫ َو َﻗﺎم ﱠ‬
‫َ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ
ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ‫ ُﺑ‬، ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ‬ َ ‫َﱠ ﱠ‬
،5 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺲ‬ ٍ ‫اﻹﺳﻼم ﻋ ﺧﻤ‬ ِ ِ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻨ ﺻ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(8 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Ibn ‘Umar (raz) reported Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying:

“Islam is based on five things: the testimony that there is no god but
God and that Muhammad is His servant and messenger, the
observance of the prayer, the payment of zakat, the Pilgrimage, and
the fast during Ramadan.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Iman, p. 5, No.
8)

These are 14 verses and 6 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 386

30 – Destiny

There are 2 verses and 6 hadiths about this belief, you can see the
details of each:

Destiny means that Allah has written something in someone's destiny

and it will happen. Allah has predestined all things for every man, then
the man who is fortunate will continue to do good deeds of his own
free will and he will enter Paradise, and the wicked man keeps on
doing bad deeds by his own free will, and because of this he enters
hell, he enters by his own deeds, even though it was pre-ordained in
destiny.

One must believe in it, destiny is one of the six components of faith.

Here are the verses from the Qur’an:

َ َ ْ َ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ ْ ‫ َو َﻣﺎ َ ْﻌ ُﺰ ُب َﻋ ْﻦ َرّ َﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻣ ْﺜ َﻘﺎل َذ ٍﱠ‬1

‫ﺻﻐ َﺮ ِﻣ ْﻦ ذ ِﻟ َﻚ‬ ‫ض َوﻻ ِ اﻟﺴﻤ ِﺎء وﻻ أ‬
ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬ ِ ‫ة‬‫ر‬ ِ ِ
ُ َ ‫ََ َ ْ ََ ﱠ‬
[10:61 ‫ﺎب ﻣ ِﺒ ٍن ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬ ٍ ‫وﻻ أﻛ ِإﻻ ِ ِﻛﺘ‬
“Hidden from your Lord is nothing even to the measure of a particle
on the earth or in the heavens. And there is nothing smaller or greater
that is not in the clear Book. ” [10:61]
َ َ َ ‫ َو ُ ﱡﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰُ ﺮ‬ ُ ‫ َو ُ ﱡﻞ َ ْ ء َﻓ َﻌ ُﻠ‬2
[54:52-53 ‫ﺻ ِﻐ ٍ َوﻛ ِﺒ ٍ ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘﻄ ٌﺮ ]اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‬ ِ
‫ﻮﻩ ﱡ‬
ِ ٍ

“And every thing they have done is recorded in the books (of deeds).
And every thing, small and big, is written down.” [54:52-53]

Destiny is mentioned in these verses, so it is necessary to believe in

destiny.
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 387

‫ و ﻗﺎل ﷺ أول ﻣﺎ ﺧﻠﻖ اﻟﻠ اﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻟ اﮐﺘﺐ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ذا أﮐﺘﺐ ﯾﺎ رب؟ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻠ‬1
(2155 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬4700 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫ﻌﺎ اﮐﺘﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻮ ﺎﺋﻦ إ ﯾﻮم اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ‬

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Allah
first created the pen, and He said to it: Write. The pen said: O my Lord!
What shall I write? Allah said: Write down all that is to come till the
Day of Resurrection.” (Abu Dawud, No. 4700; al-Tirmidhi, No. 2155)
ََ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ »ﻛ َﺘ َﺐ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ا ﻼﺋﻖ‬:‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﻤ ٍﺮو ﻗﺎل‬2
ُ َ َ ‫ » َو‬:‫ﺎل‬ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﻒ َﺳ َﻨ ٍﺔ« َﻗ‬ َ
َ
‫" ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺎن َﻋ ْﺮﺷ ُﮫ ﻋ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻳﺨﻠﻖ اﻟﺴﻤﻮات واﻷرض ِﺑﺨﻤ ِﺴ ن أﻟ‬
(6748/2653 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1156 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺑﺎب ﺎج آدم و ﻣﻮ‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

Hadhrat ‘Abdallah b. 'Amr (raz) reported Allah’s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as

saying, “God recorded the fates of all creatures 50,000 years before
creating the heavens and the earth, and His throne was upon the
water.” (Sahih Muslim, Chapter on the Pilgrims of Adam and Moses,
p. 1156, No. 2653/6748)
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻻ ُﻳ ْﺆ ِﻣ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ٌﺪ َﺣ ﱠ ُﻳ ْﺆ ِﻣ َﻦ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬3
ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ
َ ‫ﺑ ْﺎﻟ َﻘ َﺪر َﺧ ْ ﻩ َو َﺷ ّﺮﻩ َﺣ ﱠ َ ْﻌﻠ َﻢ أ ﱠن َﻣﺎ أ‬
َ
‫ )ﺳ ن‬." ‫ﺻ َﺎﺑ ُﮫ ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳﻜ ْﻦ ِﻟ ُﻴﺨ ِﻄﺌ ُﮫ َوأ ﱠن َﻣﺎ أﺧﻄﺄ ُﻩ ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳﻜ ْﻦ ِﻟ ُﻴ ِﺼ َﺒ ُﮫ‬ ِِ ِِ ِ ِ
(2144 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،493 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء أن اﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪر ﺧ ە و ﺷﺮە‬،‫اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬

Hadhrat Jabir bin 'Abdullah (raz) narrated that the Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “A slave (of Allah) shall not believe until he believes in Al-
Qadar, its good and its bad, such that he knows that what struck him
would not have missed him, and that what missed him would not
have struck him." (Al-Tirmidhi, Bab Ma Jaa fi al-Iman bi al-Qadr, p.
493, No. 2144)

It is mentioned in these hadiths and verses that destiny is the truth,

and it is necessary to believe in it.
388 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Types of Destiny

There are two kinds of destiny. Mubram (pre-destined) and Mu’allaq

(hanging)

Mubram (Pre-Destined): it means that the destiny will not change, it

is final, as it is written in someone's destiny that he will die at the age
of fifty, so it is certain that he will die at the age of fifty.

Mu’allaq means that the destiny hangs in the balance. This means
that it is dependent on doing something, and his destiny may change
when he does it, for example, if you serve your mother it will increase
your age, so the age grew due to service. But Allah knows whether
this man will serve his mother or not, and whether he will age will
increase or not.

The second type of destiny is mentioned in this hadith:

ُ ‫اﻟﺪ َﻋ ُﺎء َو َﻻ َﻳﺰ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻻ َﻳ ُﺮ ﱡد ْاﻟ َﻘ‬
‫ﻀ َﺎء إ ﱠﻻ ﱡ‬ ‫َ ْ ََْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺪ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻠﻤﺎن‬4
ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ
(2139 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،492 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء أن ﻻ ﯾﺮد اﻟﻘﺪر إﻻ اﻟﺪﻋﺎء‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ‫اﻟ ُﻌ ُﻤ ِﺮ ِإﻻ اﻟ ِ ﱡ‬

Hadhrat Salman (raz) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

"Nothing turns back the Decree except supplication, and nothing
increases the life-span except righteousness". (Al-Tirmidhi, Bab Ma
Jaa La Yarud Al-Qadr illa al-Du'a, p. 492, No. 2139)

In this hadith, it is said that due to du'a, Allah's decision can be

changed, or due to doing good, one's life may be increased. This is a
matter of hanging destiny, but whether he will do it or not, it is in
Allah’s knowledge.

One Works as per His Instinct

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: Destiny is the truth, but the one who is virtuous
is enabled to do good deeds, and he will go to Paradise because of his
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 389

good deeds, and the one who is evil is enabled to do evil deeds, and
he will go to hell because of his bad deeds.

Here is a hadith which describe it:

‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﻔ‬ْ ‫ َﻣﺎ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻧ‬،‫ َﻣﺎ ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ َﺣﺪ‬...‫ﺎل ُﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ َﺟ َﻨﺎ َ ة َﺑﻘﻴﻊ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﺮ َﻗﺪ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ّ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻗ‬5
ٍ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ِ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ِ ٍ ‫ز‬ ِ ٍ ِ
َ َ َ َ ً َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ُ َ
َ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬." ‫ َو ﻻ ﻗﺪ ﻛ ِﺘ َﺐ ﺷ ِﻘ ﱠﻴﺔ أ ْو َﺳ ِﻌﻴﺪة‬،‫ﻮﺳ ٍﺔ إ ﱠﻻ ﻛ ِﺘ َﺐ َﻣ ﺎﻧ َﻬﺎ ِﻣﻦ ا َ ﻨ ِﺔ َواﻟﻨﺎر‬
ً ُ َ ‫َﻣ ْﻨ ُﻔ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل‬ ِ
ْ َ ََ َ ُ ََ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ َ َ َِ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ِ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺎن ِﻣﻨﺎ ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ اﻟﺴﻌﺎد ِة ﻓﺴﻴ ِﺼ ِإ ﻋﻤ ِﻞ أ ِﻞ‬،‫ أﻓﻼ ﻧﺘ ِ ﻞ ﻋ ِﻛﺘ ِﺎﺑﻨﺎ وﻧﺪع اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﺎن ﻣ ﱠﻨﺎ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْ ﻞ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َو َأ ﱠﻣﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ‬،‫اﻟﺴ َﻌ َﺎدة‬
‫ﺎل " أ ﱠﻣﺎ أ ْ ُﻞ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬.‫اﻟﺸ َﻘ َﺎو ِة ﻓ َﺴ َﻴ ِﺼ ُ ِإ َﻋ َﻤ ِﻞ أ ْ ِﻞ اﻟﺸﻘﺎو ِة‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬
ََ َ َ ُ ‫اﻟﺸ َﻘ َﺎوة َﻓ ُﻴ َ ﱠﺴ ُﺮو َن ﻟ َﻌ َﻤﻞ ﱠ‬ ‫ َو َأ ﱠﻣﺎ َأ ْ ُﻞ ﱠ‬،‫ﱠ َ َ ة‬ ََ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ََُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻗ َﺮأ }ﻓﺄ ﱠﻣﺎ‬،" ‫اﻟﺸ َﻘ َﺎو ِة‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺎد ِة ﻓﻴ ﺴ ُﺮون ِﻟﻌﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﺴﻌﺎد‬
ََ َ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻮﻋﻈﺔ ا ﺪث ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ و ﻗﻌﻮد‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫اﻵﻳﺔ‬ {‫َﻣ ْﻦ أ ْﻋﻄﻰ َو ﱠاﺗ َﻘﻰ‬
(1362‫ رﻗﻢ‬،218 ‫ ص‬، ‫أ ﺎﺑ ﺣﻮﻟ‬

Hadhrat `Ali (raz) narrated: "We were accompanying a funeral

procession in Baqi-I-Gharqad… "There is none among you, and not a
created soul, but has place either in Paradise or in Hell assigned for
him and it is also determined for him whether he will be among the
blessed or wretched." A man said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬Should
we not depend on what has been written for us and leave the deeds
as whoever amongst us is blessed will do the deeds of a blessed
person and whoever amongst us will be wretched, will do the deeds
of a wretched person?" The Prophet said, "The good deeds are made
easy for the blessed, and bad deeds are made easy for the wretched."
Then he recited the Verses: "As for him who gives (in charity) and is
Allah-fearing And believes in the Best reward from Allah. " [92.5-6]
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of Funerals, p. 218, No. 1362)

It is clear from this hadith that he in whose destiny is written goodness

will continue to do good deeds, and he in whose destiny is written evil
will continue to do evil deeds.
390 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Destiny Should not be Discussed Too Much

Destiny is difficult to understand, so it is forbidden to discuss it too

much. Here is a hadith:

َ َ ْ ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ َ َْ ُ َ ْ َ
‫ﺎل ﺧ َﺮ َج َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َوﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ ﻧ َﻨ َﺎز ُع ِ اﻟ َﻘ َﺪ ِر ﻓﻐ ِﻀ َﺐ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬6
ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ
َ ‫ﺎن ﻓ َﻘ‬ َ ُ َ َ
‫ﺎل "أ ِﺑ َﻬﺬا أ ِﻣ ْﺮﺗ ْﻢ أ ْم ِﺑ َﻬﺬا أ ْر ِﺳﻠ ُﺖ ِإﻟ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﺣ َﻤ ﱠﺮ َو ْﺟ ُﻬ ُﮫ َﺣ ﱠ ﺄ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ﻓ ِﻘ َﺊ ِ َو ْﺟ َﻨ ْﻴ ِﮫ ﱡ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﺮ ﱠﻣ‬ ْ ‫َﺣ ﱠ‬
ََ ‫َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ََ
،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ‫ﺎن ﻗ ْﺒﻠﻜ ْﻢ ِﺣ َن ﺗ َﻨﺎ َز ُﻋﻮا ِ َ ﺬا اﻷ ْﻣ ِﺮ َﻋ َﺰ ْﻣ ُﺖ َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ أﻻ ﺗ َﻨﺎ َز ُﻋﻮا ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ‬ ‫ﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
(2133 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،490 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟ ﺸﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻘﺪر‬

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬

came out to us while we were discussing about Al-Qadar. He became
angry such that his face became red, as if a pomegranate was bursting
through his cheeks. He said: 'Is this what I ordered you to do?' - or: 'Is
this what I have been sent to you with? The people before you were
only ruined when they differed about this matter. I order you [I order
you] to not debate about it.'". (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, p. 490, No. 2133)
 | 391

31 – What are Istita’at, Kasb and

Khalq?

There are 8 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief, you can see the
details of each:

There are three things in this chapter: istita’at (affordability), khalq

(creation) and kasb (action). It is important to understand all three.

What is Istita’at (Ability)?

Ability means that you have all the facilities to do that work, all the
means are available, that is the basis of Allah's command. If there are
the following four things to carry out the commands of Allah, then it
is called 'ability'

(1) May be in good health so that can worship.

(2) Have the power to do the work.

(2) Have the ability to do the work.

(2) Have the limbs intact to do the work,

If all these four things are available, then the work is obligatory on
man, this is called qudrat muyassirah (power that make a work
possible).

After these four things, if man has the intention before the work and
Allah makes him do that work, this is called Tawfeeq, and the creation
392 | Samarat al-Aqaid

is called takhleeq which is from Allah. This is mentioned in al-Aqeedah

al-Tahawiyyah:

( ‫واﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ اﻟ ﯾﺠﺐ ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺤﻮ اﻟﺘﻮﻓﯿﻖ اﻟﺬي ﻻ ﯾﺠﻮز أن ﯾﻮﺻﻒ ا ﻠﻮق ﺑ ) ﺗ ﻮن‬
‫ ﻓ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬،‫ و ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻵﻻت‬،‫ و اﻟﺘﻤﮑﻦ‬،‫ﻣﻊ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ و أﻣﺎ اﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ اﻟ ﺔ و اﻟﻮﺳﻊ‬
‫َ َّ ُ ﱣ َ ٰ ﱠ‬
،‫ ) اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫ ﻻ ُﯾ ِﻠﻒ اﻟﻠ ُ ﻧ ْﻔﺴﺎ ِاﻻ ُو ْﺳ َﻌ َﻬﺎ‬: ‫ و ﻮ ﮐﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﻌﺎ‬،‫و ﺑ ﺎ ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻖ ا ﻄﺎب‬
(18 ‫ ص‬،85 ‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬

Istita’at (ability) that makes the action obligatory, which is called

Tawfiq, it cannot be an attribute of the creature, it is the attribute of
Allah. There is another ability that the health of man is good, this has
the capacity to worship, has the power to worship, his limbs are
intact, this ability precedes the action, and because of this ability a
man is asked by Allah to do a deed. And this was mentioned in the
Qur’an: “Allah does not obligate anyone beyond his capacity.” [2:286]
(Al-Aqidat al-Tahawiya, Aqidah No. 85, p. 18)

This text mentions two abilities, one is the action that is creating the
work, this is the attribute of Allah, this attribute cannot belong to the
creature. And there is another ability, to have good health, to have
the capacity and ability to work, to have the limbs intact, the
command of Allah comes on this second type of ability.

These verses mention ability:

ً َ َ ْ َ َْْ ‫ﱡ‬ ‫ َوﻟ ﱠﻠﮫ َﻋ َ ﱠ‬1
[3:97 ‫اﺳ َﺘﻄﺎ َع ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ َﺳ ِ ﻴﻼ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ‫ﺎس ِ اﻟﺒ ِﺖ ﻣ ِﻦ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ِ

“on everyone who has the ability to manage (his) way to it.” [3:97]

ْ‫ﺼ َﻨﺎت ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆﻣ َﻨﺎت َﻓﻤ ْﻦ َﻣﺎ َﻣ َﻠ َﻜﺖ‬

َ ْ ُ ْ ‫ َو َﻣ ْﻦ َﻟ ْﻢ َ ْﺴ َﺘﻄ ْﻊ ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻃ ْ ًﻮﻻ َأ ْن َﻳ ْﻨﻜ َﺢ ا‬2
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ ُ ْ ُ ُ ََ َ ْ ْ ُ ُ َ َْ
[4:25 ‫ﺎت ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬ ِ ‫أﻳﻤﺎﻧﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﻴﺎ ِﺗﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨ‬
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 393

“If one cannot afford to marry the free Muslim women, then (he may
marry) the one you people own of your Muslim girls.” [4:25]
َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َُْ ُ ‫َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬- ‫ ﻓ َﺴﺄﻟ ُﺖ ا ﱠﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ‬, ُ ‫ } ﺎﻧ ْﺖ ِ ﻲ َﺑ َﻮ ِاﺳ‬:‫ﺎل‬‫ ﻋﻦ ِﻋﻤﺮان ﺑ ِﻦ ﺣﺼ ٍن ر ِ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗ‬1
َ َ َ َ َ ََ ْ َْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ‫َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
."‫ ﻓ ِﺈ ْن ﻟ ْﻢ ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻄ ْﻊ ﻓ َﻌ َﺟ ْﻨ ٍﺐ‬,‫ﺎﻋ ًﺪا‬
ِ ‫ ﻓ ِﺈن ﻟ ْﻢ ﺴﺘ ِﻄﻊ ﻓﻘ‬,‫ "ﺻ ِ ّﻞ ﻗﺎ ِﺋ ًﻤﺎ‬:‫ﺎل‬‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﺼﻼ ِة؟ ﻓﻘ‬- ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬
(1117 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،179 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب إذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﻄﻖ ﻗﺎﻋﺪا ﺻ إ ﺟﻨﺐ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻘﺼ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat 'Imran bin Husain (raz) narrated: “I suffered from piles. So I

asked the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬about the prayers. He said: "Pray standing; and
if you are unable, (pray) sitting; and if you are unable, (pray) lying on
your side." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Taqsir, p. 179, No. 1117)

From these verses and hadiths it is clear that ability means that all
means of the provision are available, and that is the basis of the
commands.

Kasb (Earning)

Kasb means to earn. When you want to do something for which you
intend, then you adopt the means for that work, and you do it with
your own intention, so doing the same thing is called earning. The
reward and punishment depend on this, because you have done it
with your intention, even though Allah Almighty creates it when you
do it.

The following verses mention earning and it is also mentioned that

the reward or punishment will be given because of your earning.

Here are some verses regarding the same:

َ َْ َ َ ْ ‫ َو ُو ّﻓ َﻴ ْﺖ ُ ﱡﻞ َﻧ‬3
[3:25 ‫ﺲ َﻣﺎ ﻛ َﺴ َ ْﺖ َو ُ ْﻢ ﻻ ُﻳﻈﻠ ُﻤﻮن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬
ٍ ‫ﻔ‬ ِ

“and everybody will be paid in full for what he has earned, and they
shall not be wronged?” [3:25]
394 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َْ َ َ ْ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُﺗ َﻮ ﱠ ُ ﱡﻞ َﻧ‬4
[3:161 ‫ﺲ َﻣﺎ ﻛ َﺴ َ ْﺖ َو ُ ْﻢ ﻻ ُﻳﻈﻠ ُﻤﻮن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬
ٍ ‫ﻔ‬

“Then, everybody shall be paid, in full, for what he has earned, and
they shall not be wronged.” [3:161]

‫ﺎب ﱠ‬
َ‫اﻟﻨﺎر ُ ْﻢ ِﻓ ﺎ‬ ُ َ ْ ‫ﺎﻃ ْﺖ ﺑ ِﮫ َﺧ ِﻄﻴ َ ُﺘ ُﮫ َﻓ ُﺄ َوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ َأ‬
َ َ ََ ً َ ّ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ََ
‫ ﺑ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺴﺐ ﺳ ِ ﺌﺔ وأﺣ‬5
ِ ِ
َ َ
[2:81 ‫ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ُﺪون ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“Why not? Those who commit evil and are besieged by their sins,
those are people of the Fire - there they shall live forever.” [2:81]

From these verses it is clear that whatever we earn by our own will
will be rewarded, and that is the torment or reward.

Khalq (Creation)

Khalq means to create. It is Allah's work to create something, and

even Allah creates what we do, but since we intend to do good or evil,
and then do it of our own free will, because of which Allah creates our
work, so we are rewarded or punished for doing it.

In the following verses it is said that Allah is the Creator of all things:

ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﺧ ِﺎﻟ ُﻖ ُ ّﻞ َ ْ ٍء َو ُ َﻮ َﻋ َ ُ ّﻞ َ ْ ٍء َو ِﻛ‬

[39:62 ‫ﻴﻞ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬
‫ﱠ‬
6
ِ ِ
“Allah is Creator of everything, and He is the Guardian over
everything.” [39:62]
‫َ ُ ﱠ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
[40:62 ‫ ذ ِﻟﻜ ُﻢ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َرﱡ ﻜ ْﻢ ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ُﻖ ِ ّﻞ ْ ٍء ﻻ ِإﻟ َﮫ ِإﻻ ُ َﻮ ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬7

“This is Allah, your Lord, the Creator of everything. There is no god

but He.” [40:62]
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 395

In these verses it is said that Allah is the creator of all things whether
good or evil, so whatever deed happens after our acquisition is
created by Allah.

There has been a lot of disagreement on this issue in the past. Please,
see the rest of the details in the title: “Allah is the Creator of all
things”.

Ahd Alast (Covenant)

In eternity Allah brought forth the children of Adam from his back,
and made a covenant with them, saying, "Am I not your Lord?" They
all said, "Yes, you are our Lord."

The following verse is a proof of this covenant:

ََ َْ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ‫ َو ْذ َأ َﺧ َﺬ َرﱡ َﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ َآ َد َم ِﻣ ْﻦ ُﻇ‬8
‫ﻮر ِ ْﻢ ذ ِّرﱠ َ ُ ْﻢ َوأﺷ َ َﺪ ُ ْﻢ َﻋ أﻧ ُﻔ ِﺴ ِ ْﻢ أﻟ ْﺴ ُﺖ‬
ِ َِ
َ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫َْ َ َ َ ﱠ ُﱠ‬ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ ََ ُِ َ ْ ُ َّ
‫ِﺑﺮِ ﻜﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﺑ ﺷ ِ ﺪﻧﺎ أن ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮا ﻳﻮم اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ ِإﻧﺎ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺬا ﻏﺎ ِﻓ ِﻠ ن ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬
[7:172

“(Recall) when your Lord brought forth their progeny from the loins
of the children of ‘Adam, and made them testify about themselves (by
asking them,) .Am I not your Lord? They said, Of course, You are. We
testify. (We did so) lest you should say on the Day of Judgment, We
were unaware of this.” [7:172]

َ ْ َ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ّ َﱠ ﱠ ُ ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ "أﺧﺬ اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟ ِﻤﻴﺜﺎق ﻣﻦ ﻇﻬﺮ آدم ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺎن‬:‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﺎس ﻋ ِﻦ اﻟﻨ ِ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬
ٍ ‫ َو َﻋ ِﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ‬2
ََ َ َ ًَ ْ ُ َ ‫ُ ّﱠ َ َ َ َ ََ َ ُ ْ َْ َ َ َ ْ َ ﱠ ّ ُ ﱠ َﱠ‬ ْ َ َ
‫ )أﻟ ْﺴ ُﺖ‬:‫ﺎل‬‫َ ْﻌ ِ َﻋ َﺮﻓﺔ ﻓﺄﺧﺮج ﻣﻦ ﺻﻠﺒﮫ ﻞ ذ ِر ﺔ ذرا ﺎ ﻓﻨ ﻢ ﺑ ن ﻳﺪﻳ ِﮫ ﺎﻟﺬ ِر ﺛﻢ ﻠﻤﻬﻢ ِﻗﺒﻼ ﻗ‬
ُ
(2455 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،267 ‫ ص‬،4 ،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬. ‫ِﺑ َﺮِّ ﻜ ْﻢ ا‬

Hadhrat Ibn ‘Abbas (raz) reported the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying: “Allah
made the covenant from Adam’s back in Na‘man, i.e. ‘Arafa, and
brought forth from his loins all his offspring whom He created and
396 | Samarat al-Aqaid

scattered before Him like small ants. He then spoke to them face to
face saying, “Am I not your Lord?’ (Musnad of Ahmad, Musnad
Abdullah bin Abbas, 4, p. 267, No. 2455)

In this verse and hadith, there is a complete description of this

covenant.

These were 8 verses and 2 hadiths about this belief.

 | 397

32 – Polytheism is Forbidden in all

Heavenly Books

There are 34 verses and 6 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which are as follows:

The greatest sin is shirk (associating partner with Allah) and kufr
(disbelief), so it must be avoided. In these verses, it is stated that the
earlier people were also commanded not to associate partners with
Allah.
ََ َ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َْ َ َ َْ َ ُ ْ َﱠ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎب ﻌﺎﻟﻮا ِإ ِﻠﻤ ٍﺔ ﺳﻮ ٍاء ﺑﻴ ﻨﺎ و ﻨﻜﻢ أﻻ ﻌﺒﺪ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ وﻻ‬ ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬1
ْ ُ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ُ ْﺸﺮ َك ﺑﮫ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َوَﻻ َﻳ ﱠﺘﺨ َﺬ َ ْﻌ‬
‫ﻀﺎ أ ْرَ ًﺎﺑﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓ ِﺈ ْن ﺗ َﻮﻟ ْﻮا ﻓ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮا اﺷ َ ُﺪوا‬
ً ‫ﻀ َﻨﺎ َ ْﻌ‬
ِ ِِ ِ
َ‫َ ﱠ ُ ْ ُ ن‬
[3:64 ‫ِﺑﺄﻧﺎ ﻣﺴ ِﻠﻤﻮ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“Say, O people of the Book, come to a word common between us and

between you, that we worship none but Allah, that we associate
nothing with Him and that some of us do not take others as Lords
instead of Allah.” [3:64]

‫ﻳﻦ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﺒﻠ َﻚ َﻟ ْن َأ ْﺷ َﺮ ْﻛ َﺖ َﻟ َﻴ ْﺤ َﺒ َﻄ ﱠﻦ َﻋ َﻤ ُﻠ َﻚ َو َﻟ َﺘ ُ ﻮ َﻧﻦﱠ‬

َ ‫ َو َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ ُأو َ إ َﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ َو َ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬2
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ
[39:65 ‫ﺎﺳ ِﺮ َﻦ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ ا‬

“It has already been revealed to you and to those before you (that): If
you associate (partners with Allah), your deeds shall be rendered
useless, and you shall be among the losers.” [39:65]

َ ْ ُ ْ َ ‫ُ ْ ّ ُ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َن َ ﱠ َل َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[6:14 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ أ ِﻣﺮت أن أ ﻮ أو ﻣﻦ أﺳﻠﻢ وﻻ ﺗ ﻮﻧﻦ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸ ِﺮ ِﻛ ن ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬3
398 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Say, I have been asked to be the first to submit (to Him) and never
to be one of those who ascribe partners to Allah.” [6:14]
َ َ َْ َ ُ ْ َ َْ َ ْ ُ ََ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ َ ُ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
[13:36 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أ ِﻣﺮت أن أﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ وﻻ أﺷ ِﺮك ِﺑ ِﮫ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ أدﻋﻮ و ِ ﻟﻴ ِﮫ ﻣﺂ ِب ]اﻟﺮﻋﺪ‬4

“Say, I am commanded only to worship Allah and not to ascribe

partners to Him. To Him I call and to Him is my return. ” [13:36]

In all these verses, it is said that shirk (polytheism) must not be done
at all.

The Arabs believed in one God, but They Practiced Polytheism

Too

The Arabs believed in one God, but they associated partners with
Allah in His attributes, as this is mentioned in several veres:

ُ‫ﺼ َﺎر َو َﻣ ْﻦ ُﻳ ْﺨﺮج‬ َ ْ َ َ ْ ‫ُ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬

َ ‫اﻷ ْﺑ‬
ِ َ ‫ض أم ﻣﻦ ﻳﻤ ِﻠﻚ اﻟﺴﻤﻊ و‬ ِ ‫ ﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺮزﻗﻜﻢ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻤ ِﺎء واﻷر‬5
ََ َ ‫ُ َ ﱠ‬ َ
َ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ
‫اﻟ َ ﱠ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ ِﺖ َو ُ ﺨ ِﺮ ُج اﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ َﺖ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟ َ ّ ِ َو َﻣ ْﻦ ُﻳ َﺪ ِّﺑ ُﺮ اﻷ ْﻣ َﺮ ﻓ َﺴ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻟﻮن اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﻓ ُﻘ ْﻞ أﻓﻼ‬
َ َ
[10:31 ‫ﺗ ﱠﺘ ُﻘﻮن ]ﻳﻮ ﺲ‬

“Say, Who gives you sustenance from the heavens and the earth? Or,
who controls the (powers of) hearing and seeing? And who brings
forth the living from the dead, and brings forth the dead from the
living? And who manages everything? They will say, Allah. Then, (you)
say, Would you not, then, fear Allah (by desisting from holding others
as gods)?” [10:31]

‫ض ﻣ ْﻦ َ ْﻌﺪ َﻣ ْﻮ َ ﺎ َﻟ َﻴ ُﻘ ُﻮﻟﻦﱠ‬
َ ْ َْ َ ْ َ َ ً َ َ ‫َ َ ْ َ ََُْ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫ وﻟ ِ ن ﺳﺄﻟ ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺰل ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻤ ِﺎء ﻣﺎء ﻓﺄﺣﻴﺎ ِﺑ ِﮫ اﻷر‬6
َ ُ َ ََْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
[29:63 ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﻗ ِﻞ ا َ ْﻤ ُﺪ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﺑ ْﻞ أﻛ ُ ُ ْﻢ ﻻ َ ْﻌ ِﻘﻠﻮن ]اﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮت‬
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 399

“And if you ask them as to who sends down water from the sky, then
revives the land with it, they will certainly say, Allah. Say, Praise is for
Allah.. But most of them do not understand.” [29:63]

ُ ‫َ َ ْ َ ََُْ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[43:87 ‫ وﻟ ِ ن ﺳﺄﻟ ﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻘ ﻢ ﻟﻴﻘﻮﻟﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ]اﻟﺰﺧﺮف‬7

“And if you ask them as to who has created them, they will certainly
say, Allah.” [43:87]
ْ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﱠاﺗﺨﺬوا ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِﻧ ِﮫ أ ْوِﻟ َﻴ َﺎء َﻣﺎ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪ ُ ْﻢ ِإﻻ ِﻟ ُﻴﻘ ّ ِﺮُ ﻮﻧﺎ ِإ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ُزﻟ َﻔﻰ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬‫ واﻟ ِﺬ‬8
[39:3

“As for those who have adopted guardians other than Him (saying),
We worship them for no other reason but because they would bring
us near to Allah closely.” [39:3]

In these verses, it is stated that the polytheists of Makkah believed

that Allah is One, but they worshiped gods, goddesses and idols that
they will make them closer to Allah, because they thought that these
gods and goddesses were given power by Allah to intermediate
between Him and people. Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬warned that they were doing
absolutely wrong.

Allah will Never Forgive Shirk

‫ﱠ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َن َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ ﱠ‬
‫ ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻻ ﻐ ِﻔﺮ أن ﺸﺮك ِﺑ ِﮫ و ﻐ ِﻔﺮ ﻣﺎ دو ذ ِﻟﻚ ِﻟﻤﻦ ﺸﺎء وﻣﻦ ﺸ ِﺮك ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬9
ْ َْ َ َ
[4:48 ‫ﻓﻘ ِﺪ اﻓ َ ى ِإﺛ ًﻤﺎ َﻋ ِﻈ ًﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“Surely, Allah does not forgive that a partner is ascribed to Him, and
He forgives anything short of that for whomsoever He wills. Whoever
ascribes a partner to Allah commits a terrible sin.” [4:48]
400 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ُ َ ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ ‫ َو َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ ُأو َ إ َﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ َو َ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬10
‫ﻳﻦ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻗ ْﺒ ِﻠ َﻚ ﻟ ِ ْن أﺷ َﺮﻛ َﺖ ﻟ َﻴ ْﺤ َﺒﻄ ﱠﻦ َﻋ َﻤﻠ َﻚ َوﻟ َﺘ ﻮﻧ ﱠﻦ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ َ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
[39:65-66 ‫ﺎﻋ ُﺒ ْﺪ َوﻛ ْﻦ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻟﺸ ِﺎﻛ ِﺮ َﻦ ]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬ ‫ ﺑ ِﻞ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎﺳ ِﺮ َﻦ‬ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ ا‬

“It has already been revealed to you and to those before you (that): If
you associate (partners with Allah), your deeds shall be rendered
useless, and you shall be among the losers. On the contrary, it is Allah
whom you should worship; and be among the grateful.” [39:65-66]

‫ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨ َﺔ َو َﻣ ْﺄ َو ُاﻩ ﱠ‬

‫اﻟﻨ ُﺎر َو َﻣﺎ ِﻟﻠﻈ ِﺎﻟ ِﻤ َن‬
‫ﱠُ َ ْ ُ ْ ْ ﱠ ََ ْ َ ﱠَ ﱠ‬
‫ ِإﻧﮫ ُ ﻣﻦ ﺸ ِﺮك ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺣﺮم‬11
ِ
َ ْ َ ْ
[5:72 ‫ِﻣﻦ أﻧﺼ ٍﺎر ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“In fact, whoever ascribes any partner to Allah, Allah has prohibited
for him the Jannah (the Paradise), and his shelter is the Fire, and there
will be no supporters for the unjust.” [5:72]

In these verses, it is stated that if a person dies while committing

shirk, and does not repent of this sin before death, then Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬will
never forgive him, but he will have to burn in Hell forever.

It is Haraam to Associate Anyone with Allah

There are many types of shirk, but two of them are very critical. One
is to associate partners with Allah i.e. to believe in two gods and the
second is to worship one other than Allah. Therefore, one should
believe in Allah alone, and must not associate partner with Him.

The following verses say that there is no other God except Allah:

ُ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ َﱠ ُ َ َْ َْْ ﱠ َ ُ َ َ ٌ َ ٌ َ ﱠ‬
‫ن‬
‫ وﻗﺎل اﻟﻠﮫ ﻻ ﺗﺘ ِﺨﺬوا ِإﻟ ِن اﺛﻨ ِن ِإﻧﻤﺎ ﻮ ِإﻟﮫ و ِاﺣﺪ ﻓ ِﺈﻳﺎي ﻓﺎر ﺒﻮ ِ ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬12
[16:51

“Allah has said, Do not take two gods. He is but One God. So, Me alone
you fear.” [16:51]
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 401

َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ً َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ََ ُ َ
‫ أ ِﺋ ﱠﻨﻜ ْﻢ ﻟ ﺸ َ ُﺪون أ ﱠن َﻣ َﻊ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ آ ِﻟ َ ﺔ أﺧ َﺮى ﻗ ْﻞ ﻻ أﺷ َ ُﺪ ﻗ ْﻞ ِإ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ ُ َﻮ ِإﻟ ٌﮫ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ‬13
َ ُ ْ ُ
[6:19 ‫َو ِ ﱠﻧ ِ َﺑ ِﺮي ٌء ِﻣ ﱠﻤﺎ ﺸ ِﺮ ﻮن ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬

“Do you really bear witness that there are other gods along with
Allah? Say, I bear no such witness. Say, .In fact, He is one God. I disown
what you associate (with Him).” [6:19]
َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ََ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ‫ََ ْ ََ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ ﺛ ِﺎﻟﺚ ﺛﻼﺛ ٍﺔ َو َﻣﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِإﻟ ٍﮫ ِإﻻ ِإﻟ ٌﮫ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬‫ ﻟﻘﺪ ﻛﻔﺮ اﻟ ِﺬ‬14
[5:73

“Surely, disbelievers are those who say, .Allah is the third of the three.
while there is no god but One God.” [5:73]

ُ ‫اﻟﺮ ِﺣ‬
[2:163 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ ‫ َو َﻟ ُ ُﻜ ْﻢ إ َﻟ ٌﮫ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ َﻻ إ َﻟ َﮫ إ ﱠﻻ ُ َﻮ ﱠ‬15
‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤ ُﻦ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
“Your god is one God: There is no god but He, the All-Merciful, the
Very-Merciful.” [2:163]

16

ََ َ ََ ُ‫َْ َ َ َ َ ٌَ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[21:22 ‫ﻟﻮ ﺎن ِﻓ ِ ﻤﺎ آ ِﻟ ﺔ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟﻔﺴﺪﺗﺎ ]اﻷﻧ ﻴﺎء‬

“Had there been gods beside Allah, in the heavens and the earth, both
of them would have fallen in disorder.” [21:22]

ُ َ ْ ُ َ ْ ََُ َ‫ََ ْ َ ﱠ ﱠُ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[3:62 ‫ وﻣﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِإﻟ ٍﮫ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ و ِ ن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟ ﻮ اﻟﻌ ِﺰ ﺰ ا ِﻜﻴﻢ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬17

“This is, indeed, the true narration. There exists no god but Allah.
Allah is surely the Almighty, the All-Wise.” [3:62]

It is stated in about 140 verses that there is no other God except Allah.
402 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is Haraam to Worship One other than Allah

All kinds of acts of worship, such as prostration, bowing, standing in

the form of worship in front of anyone other than Allah is shirk
(polytheism) and thus is haraam (forbidden).

Here are some verses:

‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﱠ‬ َ
[17:23 ‫ َوﻗ َ َرﱡ َﻚ أﻻ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪوا ِإﻻ ِإ ﱠﻳ ُﺎﻩ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‬18

“Your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him” [17:23]

ُ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﻟ ﱠﻤﺎ َﺟ َﺎء َﻲ ْاﻟ َﺒ ّ َﻨ‬

‫ﺎت ِﻣ ْﻦ َرِّ ﻲ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ن‬‫و‬‫د‬ َ ‫ﻴﺖ َأ ْن َأ ْﻋ ُﺒ َﺪ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬
ُ ‫ﻳﻦ َﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮ َن ﻣ ْﻦ‬ ُ ُ ‫ ُﻗ ْﻞ إ ّ ﻲ‬19
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ُ َ
َ ْ ُ
[40:66 ‫َوأ ِﻣ ْﺮ ُت أ ْن أ ْﺳ ِﻠ َﻢ ِﻟ َﺮ ِ ّب اﻟ َﻌﺎﻟ ِﻤ َن ]ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬

“Say, I have been ordered not to worship those whom you invoke
beside Allah when clear signs from my Lord have (already) come to
me, and I have been ordered that I should submit to the Lord of the
worlds.” [40:66]

َ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ُُْ َ ﱠ‬
[1:5 ‫ﺎك ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻌ ُن ]اﻟﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ‬ ‫ ِإﻳﺎك ﻌﺒﺪ و ِ ﻳ‬20

“You alone do we worship, and from You alone do we seek help.” [1:5]

َ ‫َﱠ َ ْ ُ ُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[11:2 ‫ أﻻ ﻌﺒﺪوا ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ ] ﻮد‬21

“You must not worship anyone other than Allah” [11:2]

‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
[11:26 ‫ أ ْن ﻻ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪوا ِإﻻ اﻟﻠ َﮫ ] ﻮد‬22

“that you should worship none but Allah” [11:26]

33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 403

‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﱠ‬
[41:14 ‫ أﻻ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪوا ِإﻻ اﻟﻠ َﮫ ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬23

“saying, Do not worship anyone but Allah.” [41:14]

These verses say that one should never worship anyone other than
Allah, and worship means prostration, bowing, standing in the form
of worship, so one must abstain from all these things.

By doing so one becomes a polytheist, the consequence of which is

that Allah will never forgive him, and he will abide in Hell forever.
People do not take these issues seriously.

Prostration and Bowing Down is Impermissible for anyone

other than Allah

Prostration in front of someone as an act of worship makes a person

polytheist, and it is haraam to prostrate in front of someone as a sign
of respect, just as it is not permissible to bow down in front of
someone as an act of worship, because it is a kind of worship.

Here are some verses:

َ َ ْ ََ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ُ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ‫ﱠ ْ ُ َ ﱠَ ُ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ
‫ﺲ وﻻ ِﻟﻠﻘﻤ ِﺮ‬
ِ ‫ﺪوا ِﻟﻠﺸﻤ‬ ‫ و ِﻣﻦ آﻳ ِﺎﺗ ِﮫ اﻟﻠﻴﻞ واﻟ ﺎر واﻟﺸﻤﺲ واﻟﻘﻤﺮ ﻻ‬24
َ َ ُ َََ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
[41:37 ‫َوا ْ ُ ُﺪوا ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ اﻟ ِﺬي ﺧﻠﻘ ُ ﱠﻦ ِإ ْن ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ ِإ ﱠﻳ ُﺎﻩ ْﻌ ُﺒ ُﺪون ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬

“Do not prostrate yourselves to the sun, or to the moon. And

prostrate yourselves to Allah who has created them, if it is Him whom
you worship.” [41:37]

َ ‫ َﻳﺎ َأ ﱡ َ ﺎ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬25
ْ ‫ﻳﻦ َآ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا ْار َﻛ ُﻌﻮا َوا ْ ُ ُﺪوا َو‬
ْ‫اﻋ ُﺒ ُﺪوا َرﱠ ُﻜ ْﻢ َو ْاﻓ َﻌ ُﻠﻮا ا ْ َ ْ َ َﻟ َﻌ ﱠﻠ ُﻜﻢ‬ ِ
َ ُ
[22:77 ‫ﺗ ْﻔ ِ ُ ﻮن ]ا‬
404 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“O you who believe, bow down in Ruku and bow down in Sajdah, and
worship your Lord and do good deeds, so that you achieve success.”
[22:77]

ْ ‫ َﻓﺎ ْ ُ ُﺪوا ﻟ ﱠﻠﮫ َو‬26

[53:62 ‫اﻋ ُﺒ ُﺪوا ]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬ ِ ِ

“Now, fall down in prostration and worship (Allah).” [53:62]

‫ َﻳﺎ َﻣ ْﺮَ ُﻢ ْاﻗ ُﻨ ِ ِﻟ َﺮّ ِﻚ َوا ْ ُ ِﺪي َو ْار َﻛ ِ َﻣ َﻊ ﱠ‬27

[3:43 ‫اﻟﺮ ِاﻛ ِﻌ َن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬ ِ
“O Maryam, stand in devotion to your Lord and prostrate yourself and
bow down in Ruku with those who bow.” [3:43]

َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ‫ﱠَ َ ََُ ﱠ‬ ُ ََ

[2:43 ‫ وأ ِﻗﻴﻤﻮا اﻟﺼﻼة وآﺗﻮا اﻟﺰ ﺎة وارﻛﻌﻮا ﻣﻊ اﻟﺮ ِاﻛ ِﻌ ن ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬28

“And be steadfast in Salah (prayer), and pay Zakah, and bow down
with those who bow down.” [2:43]

It is stated in these verses that one must bow down and prostrate
before Allah alone, so it is not permissible for to prostrate before
anyone else, nor is it permissible to bow down before anyone as an
act of worship. It is mentioned in Hadith:
َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َْ ْ َ
‫ﺎل أﺗ ْ ُﺖ ا ِ َ ة ﻓ َﺮأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ُﻬ ْﻢ َ ْ ُ ُﺪون ِﻟ َﻤ ْﺮ ُزَ ٍﺎن ﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻓ ُﻘﻠ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أ َﺣ ﱡﻖ‬‫ ﻗ‬،‫ﺲ ﺑ ِﻦ ﺳﻌ ٍﺪ‬ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻗ‬1َ
َ َ ْ َ ّ ْ َ َ َ ‫أ ْن ُ ْ َ َﺪ َﻟ ُﮫ َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل َﻓﺄ َﺗ ْ ُﺖ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ ُﻘﻠ ُﺖ ِإ ِ ﻲ أ َﺗ ْ ُﺖ ا ِ َ َة ﻓ َﺮأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ُﻬ ْﻢ َ ْ ُ ُﺪو َن‬
َ َ َُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ‫َ ْ َُ َ ُ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱡ‬
‫ﺎل " أ َرأ ْﻳ َﺖ ﻟ ْﻮ َﻣ َﺮ ْر َت ِﺑ َﻘ ْ ِ ي أﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ ْ ُ ُﺪ ﻟ ُﮫ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ِﻟﻤﺮز ٍﺎن ﻟﻬﻢ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﺣﻖ أن ﺪ ﻟﻚ‬
َ ّ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُْ َ َ
‫ﺎل " ﻓﻼ ﺗ ْﻔ َﻌﻠﻮا ﻟ ْﻮ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ِآﻣ ًﺮا أ َﺣ ًﺪا أ ْن َ ْ ُ َﺪ ﻷ َﺣ ٍﺪ ﻷ َﻣ ْﺮ ُت اﻟ ِ َﺴ َﺎء أ ْن َ ْ ُ ْﺪ َن‬ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺖ ﻻ‬. "
ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﻖ اﻟﺰوج ﻋ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻨ ﺎح‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ﻷ ْز َو ِاﺟ ِﻬ ﱠﻦ ِﻟ َﻤﺎ َﺟ َﻌ َﻞ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﻬ ﱠﻦ ِﻣ َﻦ ا َ ِ ّﻖ‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،265 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﻖ اﻟﺰوج ﻋ اﻟﻤﺮأة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻨ ﺎح‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬2140 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،309 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻤﺮأة‬
(1853
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 405

Hadhrat Qays ibn Sa'd (raz) narrated: I went to al-Hirah and saw them
(the people) prostrating themselves before a satrap of theirs, so I said:
The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬has most right to have prostration made
before him. When I came to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, I said: I went to al-Hirah
and saw them prostrating themselves before a satrap of theirs, but
you have most right, Messenger of Allah, to have (people) prostrating
themselves before you. He said: Tell me , if you were to pass my grave,
would you prostrate yourself before it? I said: No. He then said: Do
not do so. If I were to command anyone to make prostration before
another I would command women to prostrate themselves before
their husbands, because of the special right over them given to
husbands by Allah.” (Abu Dawud, Book of Marriage, Chapter on the
Rights of Wife, p. 309, No. 2140; Ibn Majah, Book of Marriage,
Chapter on Rights of Wife, p. 265, No. 1853)

It is stated in this hadith that it is haraam to prostrate as respect

before anyone other than Allah.

We Can't Say any Particular Person will Go to Paradise or Hell

One cannot finally decide whether one is Jannati (resident of

Paradise) or jahannami (resident of Hell) unless it is specified in the
Qur'an or Hadith.

In the Qur'an or Hadith, if someone is called by name jannati or

jahannami, then it can be said that the particular person is jannati or
jahannami. But if he is not called by name, then it is very possible that
outwardly he is jannati, but he is jahannami in the sight of Allah, or
outwardly he is jahannami but he is in jannati in the sight of Allah;
because faith is a matter of the heart, and Allah knows the state of
the heart.

Yes, if there is a sign of disbelief in someone, then due to the sign of

disbelief, it is possible that he is a disbeliever and the rulings of a
disbeliever will apply him, but cannot call him a kafir (disbeliever).
406 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Therefore, those who call someone by name a kafir or call someone

as jannati in their speeches, they should not say so.

This is the text of Al-Tahawiyyah

‫ وﻻ ﺸﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﯿﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﮑﻔﺮ وﻻ ﺸﺮک و ﻻ ﺑﻨﻔﺎق ﻣﺎﻟﻢ ﯾﻈﻬﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬،‫وﻻ ﻧ ل أﺣﺪا ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺟﻨﺔ و ﻻ ﻧﺎرا‬
(16 ‫ ص‬،70 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬. ‫ء ﻣﻦ ذﻟﮏ و ﻧﺬر ﺳﺮاﺋﺮ ﻢ إ اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ‬

“We do not call any particular person that he will go to Paradise or

Hell, nor do we bear witness against him to disbelief, polytheism and
hypocrisy, until it is revealed, and we leave their secrets to Allah.” (Al-
Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah, Aqeedah No. 70, p. 16)

This quotation shows that we cannot say definitely about anyone that
he is jannati or jahannami. The Qur’an says:

ٌ ْ ّ ‫َ َﱡَ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ً َ ﱠ ّ ﱠ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺮات‬ ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا اﺟﺘ ِ ﺒﻮا ﻛ ِﺜ ا ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻈ ِﻦ ِإن ﻌﺾ اﻟﻈ ِﻦ ِإﺛﻢ ]ا‬29
[49:12

“O you who believe, abstain from many of the suspicions. Some

suspicions are sins.” [49:12]

ْ‫َأ ْن َﻳ ُ ُﻮﻧﻮا َﺧ ْ ً ا ﻣ ْ ُ ﻢ‬ َ ‫ َﻳﺎ َأ ﱡ َ ﺎ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬30

َ ‫ﻳﻦ َآ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا َﻻ َ ْ َ ْﺮ َﻗ ْﻮ ٌم ﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ ْﻮم َﻋ‬
ِ
ِ ٍ ِ
[49:11 ‫]ا ﺮات‬

“O you who believe, no men should ever scoff at other men. May be,
the latter are better than the former.” [49:11]

It is forbidden in these verses to make surmise, which shows that we

cannot call anyone jannati or jahannami.

َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ إ َ َﺟ َﻨﺎ َزة‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ ُّ ُْْ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬

‫ﺻ ِ ّ ٍ ِﻣ َﻦ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ د ِ رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ أ ِم اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ن‬2
ْ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ْ ‫َْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
ْ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ُﻃﻮ َ ﻰ ﻟ َﻬ َﺬا ُﻋ‬
َ ‫ﺼ ُﻔﻮ ٌر ﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ‬
‫ﻮء َوﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْﺪ ِرﻛ ُﮫ‬ ‫ﺼﺎ ِﻓ ِ ا َ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ ﻟ ْﻢ َ ْﻌ َﻤ ِﻞ اﻟﺴ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫اﻷﻧﺼ ِﺎر ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل‬
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 407

ََ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ََ ْ ُ َ ََ ً ْ َ ‫َ َ ََ ََْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ﱠ َ ََ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻﻼ ِب َآﺑ ِﺎﺋ ِﻬ ْﻢ َوﺧﻠ َﻖ ِﻟ ﱠﻠﻨ ِﺎر‬ ‫ﻗﺎل " أوﻏ ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﺧﻠﻖ ِﻟ ﻨ ِﺔ أ ﻼ ﺧﻠﻘﻬﻢ ﻟﻬﺎ و ﻢ ِ أ‬
َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ََ ْ َََُ ً َْ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻌ ﻞ ﻣﻮﻟﻮد ﯾﻮﻟﺪ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻘﺪر‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺻﻼ ِب َآﺑﺎ ِﺋ ِﻬ ْﻢ‬ ‫أ ﻼ ﺧﻠﻘﻬﻢ ﻟﻬﺎ و ﻢ ِ أ‬
(6768/2662 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1159 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻋ اﻟﻔﻄﺮة و ﺣﮑﻢ ﻣﻮ ﯽ أﻃﻔﺎل اﻟﮑﻔﺎر و أﻃﻔﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ ن‬

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz), the mother of the believers, said that Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was called to lead the funeral prayer of a child of the
Ansar. I said: Allah's Messenger, there is happiness for this child who
is a bird from the birds of Paradise for it committed no sin nor has he
reached the age when one can commit sin. He said: 'A'isha, per
adventure, it may be otherwise, because God created for Paradise
those who are fit for it while they were yet in their father's loins and
created for Hell those who are to go to Hell. He created them for Hell
while they were yet in their father's loins.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-
Qadr, p. 1159, No. 2662/6768

It is mentioned in this hadith that Allah already knows who is jannati

and who is jahannami, so we cannot decide about anyone to be
jannati or jahannami.

Definition of Minor and Major Sins

Major sins: The sins that have been warned or cursed in the world,
and that have been severely rebuked, are called major sins.

Major sin is forgiven by repentance, it is not forgiven without it, yes

Allah can forgive even a major sin. However, polytheism is such a
major sin that Allah will not forgive without repentance. A person who
commits a major sin does not become a polytheist or a disbeliever,
because he has faith in his heart. However, he should avoid major sins
in all conditions, and if committed immediate repentance should be
made.

Minor sins are the sins that are not given strict warning or cursed.
Minor sins can even be forgiven by acting minor good deeds and Allah
forgives it even without repentance.
408 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Here are some verses regarding the same:

ًَ ُْ ُ ُ َ ُ َُ َ ُ َ َ
‫ ِإ ْن ﺗ ْﺠ َﺘ ِ ُﺒﻮا ﻛ َﺒﺎ ِﺋ َﺮ َﻣﺎ ﺗ ْ َ ْﻮن َﻋ ْﻨ ُﮫ ﻧﻜ ِّﻔ ْﺮ َﻋ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ َﺳ ِّ ﺌﺎ ِﺗﻜ ْﻢ َوﻧ ْﺪ ِﺧﻠﻜ ْﻢ ُﻣ ْﺪﺧﻼ‬31
َ
[4:31 ‫ﻛ ِﺮ ًﻤﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“If you abstain from the major (sins) out of what you have been
forbidden from, We shall write off your minor sins, and shall admit
you to a noble entrance.” [4:31]

َ‫اﻟﻠ َﻤ َﻢ إ ﱠن َرﱠ َﻚ َو ِاﺳ ُﻊ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﻐ ِﻔﺮ ِة‬

‫ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ُ َن َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫اﻹﺛ ِﻢ واﻟﻔﻮ ِاﺣﺶ ِإﻻ‬
ِ ِ ‫ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺠﺘ ِ ﺒﻮ ﻛﺒﺎ ِﺋﺮ‬32
[53:32 ‫]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬

“those who abstain from the major sins and from shameful acts,
except minor involvements. Indeed your Lord is extensive in
forgiveness.” [53:32]

These verses indicate that if you avoid major sins, then maybe Allah
will forgive the minor sins.

One who Commits Major Sin will Ultimately Go to Heaven

If one commits a major sin other than polytheism and disbelief, and
dies without repenting, he may be punished for his sin and suffer a
long punishment in Hell, but after serving his sentence, he will go to
heaven ultimately; because he has faith in his heart, and the believer
will go to heaven a day.

And if one repents of a major sin, and his repentance is accepted, he

will go to Paradise without being punished; because he has repented
and his repentance was accepted.

Here is the hadith for this:

33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 409

ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ َذ ّر ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻗ‬3

َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫آت ِﻣ ْﻦ َرِّ ﻲ‬
ٍ ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " أﺗﺎ ِ ﻲ‬ ٍ
‫َ َ ْ َ َ َ ِْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ َ ُ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
ْ‫ ُﻗ ْﻠ ُﺖ َو ْن َ َ ﻰ َو ن‬." ‫ﺎﻟﻠﮫ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َد َﺧ َﻞ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨ َﺔ‬
ِ ‫ِ ز‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺄﺧ ِ ﻲ ـ أو ﻗﺎل ﺸﺮِ ﻲ ـ أﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎت ِﻣﻦ أﻣ ِ ﻻ ﺸ ِﺮك ِﺑ‬
َ َ َ ‫َﺳ َﺮ َق َﻗ‬
‫؛ ﻴﺢ‬1237 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،198 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ﺎل " َو ِ ْن َز ﻰ َو ِ ْن َﺳ َﺮق‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،54 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺪﻟﯿﻞ ﻋ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎت ﻻ ﺸﺮک ﺑﺎﻟﻠ دﺧﻞ ا ﻨﺔ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(2678/92

Hadhrat Abu Dhar (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,

"Someone came to me from my Lord and gave me the news (or good
tidings) that if any of my followers dies worshipping none (in any way)
along with Allah, he will enter Paradise." I asked, "Even if he
committed illegal sexual intercourse (adultery) and theft?" He replied,
"Even if he committed illegal sexual intercourse (adultery) and theft".
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Funerals, p. 198, No. 1237; Sahih Muslim,
Book of Faith, p. 54, No. 92/2678)

According to this hadith, if one died without the sin of polytheism, he

will enter Paradise, so whoever commits a major sin will enter
Paradise.

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Whoever said
"None has the right to be worshipped but Allah and has in his heart
good (faith) equal to the weight of a barley grain will be taken out of
Hell. And whoever said: "None has the right to be worshipped but
Allah and has in his heart good (faith) equal to the weight of a wheat
grain will be taken out of Hell. And whoever said, "None has the right
to be worshipped but Allah and has in his heart good (faith) equal to
the weight of an atom will be taken out of Hell".

َ ‫اﻟﻨﺎر َﻣ ْﻦ َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل‬ ‫… "ﺛﻢ َﻳ ْﺨ ُﺮ ُج ﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬:‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬‫َ َ َ َ َُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ل‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﻚ‬ ٍ ‫ﺎﻟ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ ْﺑﻦ‬4
‫ﻣ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ‫ﱠ‬ َْ ‫َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب أد ﯽ أ ﻞ ا ﻨﺔ ﻣ ﻟﺔ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ َو ﺎن ِ ﻗﻠ ِﺒ ِﻬﻤﺎ ﻳﺰن ذرة‬،‫ﻻ ِإﻟ َﮫ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﻼم اﻟﺮب ﻌﺎ ﯾﻮم‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻮﺣﯿﺪ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬3478/193 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،102 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻓﯿ ﺎ‬
(7501 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1294 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻘﯿﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻷﻧ ﯿﺎء وﻏ ﻢ‬
410 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Anas b. Malik (raz) reported that the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: … “He would then bring out from the Fire he who professed:
There is no god but Allah, even though he has in his heart virtue equal
to the weight of an atom.” (Sahih Muslim, The Book of Faith, Chapter
of the Lowest People of Paradise, p.102, No. 193/3478; Sahih Al-
Bukhari, KItab al-Tauhid, p. 1294, No. 7501)

From these verses and hadiths, it is known that if there is faith in the
heart even equal to an atom, then one will enter Paradise, which
means that even the one who commits a major sin will enter Paradise.

If One Considers a Major Sin Lawful, He will Become a Kafir

If one commits a major sin out of ignorance or compulsion, while he

considers it a sin, he will be punished, but he will not be a disbeliever.
But if it is a major sin which is clearly forbidden in the Qur’an, if he
commits it considering it lawful, then he will become a kafir. Because
when he committed a sin while considering it lawful, he denied the
clear verse which forbids that sin, and it has already been said that
one of the six fundamentals of faith is to believe in each verse of the
Qur'an, so If he refuses, then he will become a disbeliever. For
example, the prohibition of adultery is mentioned in the verse, now
one commits adultery considering it lawful, thus as if he denied the
verse that prohibits adultery, so he will become kafir. He will become
a Muslim again after he repents.

It is mentioned in Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah:

‫ ص‬،57 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬. ‫وﻻ ﻧﮑﻔﺮ أﺣﺪا ﻣﻦ أ ﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﺑﺬﻧﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺴﺘﺤﻠ‬
(14

“A Muslim will not be declared as infidel because of any sin, unless he

considers the sin lawful.” (Al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah, Aqeedah No.
57, p. 14)
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 411

This means that he considers the sin as halal (lawful), which leads to
the denial of a clear verse, and because of this he will be declared as
kafir.

Number of Major Sins

The number of major sins is not specified, but the following are all
major sins: polytheism, disbelief, murder, adultery, slandering,
stealing, drinking alcohol, usury, disobedience to parents, false oaths,
fleeing from battlefield, eating the wealth of orphans etc.

The proofs are as follows:

‫َ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ً َ َ َ ََ َ ْ ُُ َ ﱠ ْ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ واﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺪﻋﻮن ﻣﻊ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإﻟ ﺎ آﺧﺮ وﻻ ﻳﻘﺘﻠﻮن اﻟﻨﻔﺲ اﻟ ِ ﺣﺮم اﻟﻠﮫ ِإﻻ‬33
ً ََ َ َْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ُْ َ ََ ّ َ ْ
[25:68 ‫ِﺑﺎ ِﻖ وﻻ ﻳﺰﻧﻮن وﻣﻦ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻳﻠﻖ أﺛﺎﻣﺎ ]اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎن‬

“and those who do not invoke any other god along with Allah, and do
not kill a person whom Allah has given sanctity, except rightfully, nor
do they fornicate; and whoever does it, shall face the recompense of
his sin.” [25:68]

This verse mentions three major sins.

َ ُْ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫اﺟ‬
ْ " ‫ﺎل‬ َ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﻞ َﻳﺎ‬
َ ‫ ِﻗ‬. " ‫ﺎت‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻮا‬ ُ
‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ أن رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬5
‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻠ‬
ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ّ ْ ُ ﱠ َ ّ ْ ُ ََْ ُ ﱠْ ﱠ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو َﻣﺎ ُ ﱠﻦ َﻗ‬
‫َُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺲ اﻟ ِ َﺣ ﱠﺮ َم اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِإﻻ ِﺑﺎ َ ِ ّﻖ َوأ ُﻞ َﻣ ِﺎل‬ ِ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﻗ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫اﻟ‬‫و‬ ‫ﮫ‬ِ ‫ﺎﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﺑ‬
ِ ‫ك‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫اﻟﺸ‬
ِ " ‫ﺎل‬ ‫رﺳﻮل‬
َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ‫ﺼ َﻨ‬ َ ْ ُ ْ ‫اﻟﺰ ْﺣﻒ َو َﻗ ْﺬ ُف ا‬ ‫اﻟﺘ َﻮ ّ َﻳ ْﻮ َم ﱠ‬ َ
ّ ‫ْاﻟ َﻴ ِ ﻴﻢ َوأ ْ ُﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺮَ ﺎ َو ﱠ‬
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬. " ‫ﺎت‬ ِ ‫ﺎت اﻟﻐ ِﺎﻓﻼ ِت اﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
(262/89 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،53 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﮑﺒﺎﺋﺮ و أﮐ ﺎ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬

It is reported on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) that the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Avoid the seven noxious things. It was
said (by the hearers): What are they, Messenger of Allah? He (the Holy
Prophet) replied: Associating anything with Allah, magic, killing of one
whom God has declared inviolate without a just cause, consuming the
property of an orphan, and consuming of usury, turning back when
412 | Samarat al-Aqaid

the army advances, and slandering chaste women who are believers,
but unwary.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, Bab al-Kabayir wa
Akbaruha, p. 53, No. 89/262)

In this hadith, seven types of major sins are mentioned.

َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻓ َﻘ‬

‫ﺎل‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑ ِﻴﮫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤﻦ ْﺑ ُﻦ َأ ﻲ َﺑ ْﻜ َﺮ َة‬
‫ﺎل ُﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ ﱠ‬6
ِ ِ
‫ﱡ‬ ُ ْ َ َْ ‫ْ َ ُ ﱠ َ ُُ ُ َْ َْ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱡ‬ ً َ َِ َ َ ْ َْ َ ْ ُ َُُّ َ َ
." ‫اﻹﺷﺮاك ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻋﻘﻮق اﻟﻮ ِاﻟﺪﻳ ِﻦ وﺷﻬﺎدة اﻟﺰو ِر أو ﻗﻮل اﻟﺰو ِر‬ ِ - ‫ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‬- ‫" أﻻ أﻧ ِ ﺌﻜﻢ ِﺑﺄﻛ ِ اﻟﻜﺒ ِﺎﺋ ِﺮ‬
(259/87‫ رﻗﻢ‬،53 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﮑﺒﺎﺋﺮ و أﮐ ﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat 'Abdur-Rahman b. Abu

Bakra (raz) that his father said: “We were in the company of the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬that he observed: Should I not inform you
about the most grievous of the grave sins? (The Holy Prophet)
repeated it three times, and then said: Associating anyone with Allah,
disobedience to parents, false testimony or false utterance.” (Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, Bab al-Kabayir wa Akbaruha, p. 53, No.
89/262)
َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ ْ
‫ َو َﻣ ْﻦ َﻳ ْﻘ ُﺘ ْﻞ ُﻣﺆ ِﻣ ًﻨﺎ ُﻣ َﺘ َﻌ ِّﻤ ًﺪا ﻓ َﺠ َﺰاؤ ُﻩ َﺟ َ ﱠﻨ ُﻢ ﺧ ِﺎﻟ ًﺪا ِﻓ َ ﺎ َوﻏ ِﻀ َﺐ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َوﻟ َﻌ َﻨ ُﮫ‬34
َ َ َ
[4:93 ‫َوأ َﻋ ﱠﺪ ﻟ ُﮫ َﻋﺬ ًاﺑﺎ َﻋ ِﻈ ًﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“Whoever kills a believer deliberately, his reward is Jahannam (Hell)

where he shall remain forever, and Allah shall be angry with him and
shall cast curse upon him, and He has prepared for him a mighty
punishment.” [4:93]

It is said in this verse that if someone kills unjustly, his punishment is

hell forever. But this is for emphasis, otherwise one will go to heaven
someday because of faith.

These were 34 verses and 6 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 413

33 – When a Muslim become an

Apostate?

There is 1 verse and 8 hadiths about this belief, the details of which
are as follows:

It was mentioned earlier in the under the title of faith that if one
believes in six things, then he will become a believer. These are the
six things: (1) Allah (2) Messengers (3) Divine Books (4) Angels (5)
Hereafter (6) Destiny. If one denies any of these six things, he will
become an apostate. It is mentioned in Aqeedat Al-Tahawiyyah:

And there is no exit from the servant of faith except the struggle of
Allah.

،61 :‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫ﻮد ﻣﺎ أدﺧﻠ اﻟﻠ ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫وﻻ ﯾﺨﺮج اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن إﻻ ﺑ‬
(15 ‫ص‬

“The servant may not be out of faith but by the denial of the things
which make him enter into faith.” (Aqeedat al-Tahawiyyah, Aqeedah
No. 61, p. 15)

It says that when a person becomes a Muslim by confessing these six

things, he will come out of faith by denying one of them, but if he does
not deny one of them, he will remain a believer.

An Apostate will be Punished by the Qadhi According to

Shari’ah

The Qur’an says:

414 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ْ‫ﱡ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻧ َﻴﺎ‬ ْ ُ ‫ َو َﻣ ْﻦ َﻳ ْﺮَﺗ ِﺪ ْد ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﻋ ْﻦ ِدﻳﻨﮫ َﻓ َﻴ ُﻤ ْﺖ َو ُ َﻮ َ ﺎﻓ ٌﺮ َﻓ ُﺄ َوﻟﺌ َﻚ َﺣﺒ َﻄ ْﺖ َأ ْﻋ َﻤ ُﺎﻟ‬1
‫ﻢ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ
‫ن‬ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ ‫َ َْ َ َُ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
[2:217 ‫واﻵ ِﺧﺮ ِة وأوﻟ ِﺌﻚ أ ﺎب اﻟﻨ ِﺎر ﻢ ِﻓ ﺎ ﺧ ِﺎﻟﺪو ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“whoever of you turns away from his faith and dies an infidel, such
people are those whose deeds will go to waste in this world and in the
Hereafter, and they are people of the Fire. They shall be there
forever.” [2:217]
‫ﱠ‬ َ ََ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ
‫ ِﻟ َﻘ ْﻮ ِل َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬... ‫ﺎل أ ِ َﻲ َﻋ ِ ﱞ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ ِﺑ َﺰﻧ ِﺎدﻗ ٍﺔ ﻓﺄ ْﺣ َﺮﻗ ُﻬ ْﻢ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ِﻋﻜ ِﺮﻣﺔ‬1
ُ َ
ُ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻣ ْﻦ َﺑ ﱠﺪ َل د َﻳﻨ ُﮫ ﻓ ْﺎﻗ ُﺘﻠ‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﮑﻢ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ واﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪة واﺳ ﺘﺎﺑﺘ ﻢ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ﻮﻩ‬ ِ
(6922 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1193 ‫ص‬

It was narrated: “Some Zanadiqa (atheists) were brought to `Ali and

he burnt them… as Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said: 'Whoever changed his
Islamic religion, then kill him.'" (Sahih Bukhari, Chapter on Ruling on
Apostasy, p. 1193, No. 6922)
َ َ ‫ َﻓ َﺄ َ ﻰ ُﻣ َﻌ ُﺎذ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﺟ َﺒﻞ َو ْ َﻮ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َأ ﻲ ُﻣﻮ َ َﻓ َﻘ‬،‫ َأ ْﺳ َﻠ َﻢ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺗ َﻬ ﱠﻮ َد‬،‫ َأ ﱠن َر ُﺟ ًﻼ‬، َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُﻣﻮ‬2
‫ﺎل َﻣﺎ َ ﺬا‬ ِ ٍ ِ َ َ َ
ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ
َ ‫ ﻗ‬.‫ﺎل أ ْﺳﻠ َﻢ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﺗﻬ ﱠﻮد‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ ﻗﻀ ُﺎء اﻟﻠ ِﮫ و َرﺳ ِﻮﻟ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬،‫ﺲ ﺣ أﻗﺘﻠﮫ‬ ُ ‫ﺎل ﻻ أﺟ ِﻠ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬
(6923 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1193 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﮑﻢ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ واﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪة واﺳ ﺘﺎﺑﺘ ﻢ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Abu Musa (raz) narrated: “A man embraced Islam and then
reverted back to Judaism. Mu`adh bin Jabal came and saw the man
with Abu Musa. Mu`adh asked, "What is wrong with this (man)?" Abu
Musa replied, "He embraced Islam and then reverted back to
Judaism." Mu`adh said, "I will not sit down unless you kill him (as it is)
the verdict of Allah and His Apostle”. (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Bab Hukm al-
Murtad…, p. 1193, No. 6923)
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 415

There are Three Conditions for Killing an Apostate

(1) The first condition is that there should be an Islamic

government

The first condition is that there should be an Islamic government then

he will be killed so that no other Muslim apostatizes. It is mentioned
in a hadith:

‫ ﻋﻦ ز ﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل ﻻ ﺗﻘﺎم ا ﺪود دار ا ﺮب ﻣﺨﺎﻓﺔ أن ﯾ ﻖ أ ﻠ ﺎ‬3

‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ زﻋﻢ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺎم ا ﺪود أرض ا ﺮب ﺣ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴ‬،‫ )اﻟﺴ ن اﻟﮑ ی ﻟﻠﺒﯿﻬﻘﯽ‬.‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪو‬
‫ ﺑﺎب إﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴ أرض ا ﺮب‬،‫؛ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻹﻣﺎم ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬18225 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،178 ‫ ص‬،9 ‫ ج‬،‫ﯾﺮﺟﻊ‬
(462 ‫ ص‬،7 ‫ ج‬،‫ا ﺪود دار ا ﺮب و ﺗﻘﺼ اﻟﺼﻼة‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Zayd ibn Thabit (raz), he

said: “The Islamic capital punishments will not be given in Dar al-Harb
for it is feared that people will join the enemies.” (al-Sunan al-Kubra
by al-Bayhaqi, Kitab al-Siyar, vol. 9, p. 178, No. 18225; al-Asl by Imam
Muhammad, Kitab al-Siyar, vol. 7, p. 462)

‫ أن ﻻ ﯾﻘﯿﻤﻮا ﺣﺪا ﻋ أﺣﺪ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺣﮑﯿﻢ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤ ﮐﺘﺐ إ ﻋﻤ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ اﻷﻧﺼﺎري و إ ﻋﻤﺎﻟﮫ‬4

‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )اﻟﺴ ن اﻟﮑ ی ﻟﻠﺒﯿﻬﻘﻲ‬.‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ ن أرض ا ﺮب ﺣ ﯾﺨﺮﺟﻮا إ أرض اﻟﻤﺼﺎ ﺔ‬
(18226 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،178 ‫ ص‬،9 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ زﻋﻢ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺎم ا ﺪود أرض ا ﺮب ﺣ ﯾﺮﺟﻊ‬، ‫اﻟﺴ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Hakim ibn Umayr (raz) that

he wrote to Umayr ibn Sa'd al-Ansari and to his associates that they
should not stand give capital punishments to a Muslim in Dar al-Harb
until he comes to the land of peace and reconciliation.” (al-Sunan al-
Kubra by al-Bayhaqi, Kitab al-Siyar, vol. 9, p. 178, No. 18226)

According to this statement of a Sahabi, even if there is a Muslim

head, no capital sentences be given in Dar al-Harb, so how can capital
punishments be established at a land where there is no Islamic
government?
416 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(2) The second condition is that there should be a Shariah

judge who decides the punishment

The second condition is that there should be a Muslim judge (qadhi)

who decides to kill after conducting all investigations, then he will be
killed, this is not the job of the people.

‫ أن اﻟﻨ ﷺ أ ﯽ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺎن أو ﺑﺎﺑﻦ ﻌﻤﺎن و ﻮ ﺳﮑﺮان ﻓﺸﻖ ﻋﻠﯿ و أﻣﺮ‬، ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ ﺑﻦ ا ﺎرث‬5
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺪود‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ ﻓﻀﺮ ﻮە ﺑﺎ ﺮ ﺪ و اﻟﻨﻌﺎل‬،‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒ ﺖ أن ﯾﻀﺮ ﻮە‬
(6775 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1168 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻀﺮب ﺑﺎ ﺮ ﺪ واﻟﻨﻌﺎل‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat 'Uqbah ibn al-Harith (raz)

that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that
Nu'man, or Ibn Nu'man was brought to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬while he was
intoxicated, it went down on the Prophet, and then he commanded
those who were in the house to hit him, so people hit him with a palm
branch and shoes.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Hudood, p. 1168, No.
6775)
ْ َ َ ّ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ا ْ َ ْﻤﺮ ﺑﺎ ْ َ ﺮ ﺪ َو‬
‫ﺎل َﺟ َﻠ َﺪ ﱠ‬ َ ََ ْ َ
‫ َو َﺟﻠ َﺪ أ ُﺑﻮ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬،‫اﻟﻨ َﻌ ِﺎل‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﺲ‬ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬6َ
(6776 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1168 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻀﺮب ﺑﺎ ﺮ ﺪ واﻟﻨﻌﺎل‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺪود‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫أ ْرَ ِﻌ َن‬

Hadhrat Anas (raz) narrated: “The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬lashed a drunk with

dateleaf stalks and shoes. And Abu Bakr gave a drunk forty lashes.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Hudood, p. 1168, No. 6776)

In these two hadiths, the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, who was the ruler and the
judge at that time, gave the ruling of the capital punishment.
Therefore, where there is no Shari’ah judge, there will be no
punishment of capital punishment, otherwise there will be chaos
among the people. However, you can demand punishment from the
ruler there, so that he can warn those who commit such un-Islamic
acts.
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 417

(3) The third condition is that he should be given time of three

days for repentance

The third condition is that he will be given a respite of three days, he

will be explained again and again, and the truth of Islam will be
clarified, if he will not accept even after three days of explanation,
then he will be killed.

The evidence for explaining for three days is as follows:

‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل ﺴ ﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬7
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎل ﯾﺤ ﺲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﯾﺎم‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟﺒﯿ ﻘﻲ‬32747 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،444 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ ج‬،‫اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ ﮐﻢ ﺴ ﺘﺎب‬
(16887 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،359 ‫ ص‬،8 ‫ج‬

It is narrated from Hadhrat Ali (raz), he said: “The apostate will be

demanded to repent for three days.” (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, vol.
6, p. 444, No. 32747; Sunan al-Baihaqi, vol. 8, p. 359, No. 16887)

Hadhrat Umar (raz) also used to emphasize on giving respite of three

days.

‫ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻗﺪم ﻋ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺴ ۔ و ﺴ ﻣﻦ أرض اﻟﺒﺼﺮة۔ ﺳﺄﻟ ﻢ ﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻐﺮ ﺔ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ‬8
‫ ﻗﺎل أﻓﻼ أدﺧﻠﺘﻤﻮە‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬، ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻢ ﺑ ؟ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻗﺘﻠﻨﺎە‬،‫اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤ ن ﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮﮐ ن ﻓﺄﺧﺬﻧﺎە‬
‫ﺑ ﺘﺎ وأﻏﻠﻘﺘﻢ ﻋﻠﯿ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ و أﻃﻌﻤﺘﻤﻮە ﻞ ﯾﻮم رﻏﯿﻔﺎ ﺛﻢ اﺳﺘ ﺘﻤﻮە ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ۔ ﻓﺈن ﺗﺎب و ﻻ ﻗﺘﻠﺘﻤﻮە ﺛﻢ‬
‫ ﻣﺎﻗﺎﻟﻮا اﻟﻤﺮﺗﺪ ﮐﻢ‬30،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ ا ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬. ‫ﻗﺎل اﻟﻠ ﻢ ﻟﻢ أﺷ ﺪ وﻟﻢ آﻣﺮ وﻟﻢ أرض إذا ﺑﻠﻐ‬
‫ ص‬،8 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎل ﯾﺤ ﺲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﯾﺎم‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟﺒﯿ ﻘﻲ‬32744 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،444 ‫ ص‬،6 ‫ج‬،‫ﺴ ﺘﺎب‬
(16887 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،359

“When the news of the victory of Testar came to Hadhrat Umar.

Tastar is the area of Basra. Umar asked, "Is there a man from the
west?" The people said that a Muslim man had become a polytheist,
so we caught him. Omar asked, "What did you do with him?" The
people said, "We killed him." He said, "Why you should not lock him
418 | Samarat al-Aqaid

in the house, and should feed him bread every day, then you shoul
ask him to repent for three days." Had he done so, he would have
been released, otherwise he would have been killed. Then Umar said,
"Allah be witness. I did not order them to kill, and when I came to
know his killing, I did not agree with it." (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah,
30, Part 6, p. 444, No. 32744; Sunan Al-Bayhaqi, Part 8, P. 359, No.
16887)

According to this statement of a Companion, on being killed before

three days respite, Hadhrat Umar (raz) said: “O Allah, I was not
present and I did not order it and I am not satisfied with it.” This shows
that it is necessary to give a respite for three days. If he continues to
insist on his words even after three days, then he will be killed.

It is also important to observe these conditions at this time because it

has been observed that a man accuses someone of shirk or
blasphemy, and a mob gathers to punish him and demands to hand
over the accused to them so that they can punish him and beat him
to death on the street, and take the law into their own hands. This
situation is causing chaos in the whole country, and the media throws
in limelight and propagates that how dangerous religion Islam is.

Therefore, keep in mind that it is necessary to have a Shari’ah judge

to give punish on the basis of Islamic penal code, it is not the job of
the people.

Do not make a polytheist with half a sentence

At the moment, in many countries, it has been observed that

someone took half a sentence of a person, or distorted someone's
speech, now he is being demanded to be killed, whereas the
concerning person denies it or repents a million times, even then it is
not considered, and he is put to death. These actions are repeatedly
shown in the media in non-Muslim countries and people are made to
understand that Islam is a tyrant religion that takes away the freedom
of a person and a he is being sentenced by public. However, it has just
33 – When a Muslim become an Apostate? | 419

been mentioned that if he turns apostate and then repents, so his

repentance will be considered.

I saw a book that was written to prove the finality of prophethood,

and the author had proved the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to be the Final
Prophet for mankind, jinn, angels, and the whole world, but I saw
some gentlemen cut sentences from somewhere and proved that the
author was not a believer in the finality of prophethood, and it was so
publicized that many people began to believe that the author was not
really a believer in the finality of prophethood. When I saw the
original book, I was surprised that how his sentences were distorted.

Therefore, for such decisions, it is necessary that the accused is given

time of three days, and in any case, if he proves to be Muslim, he
should not be killed, otherwise there will be a lot of chaos, and Islam
will be discredited.

Nowadays, the media raises the question that in the verse: “There is
no compulsion in Faith. The correct way has become distinct from the
erroneous.” [2:256] so if an apostate accepts another religion of his
own free will, then why is he killed?

It can be explained that this will be done in countries where there is

an Islamic government, this ruling is not for Europe and United States,
so it is useless to discuss it.

What is the Ta’zeer?

The Qur'an sets punishments for many crimes. In non-Muslim

countries, the Islamic punishment cannot be given because there is
no qadhi, so it is alright to demand a punishment less than the Islamic
punishment, e.g. thirty-nine lashes, one less forty lashes, or similar
punishment. It is permissible to demand it in non-Muslim countries.
420 | Samarat al-Aqaid

What is the Wisdom of Punishing an Apostate?

The real wisdom in the punishment of an apostate is that if this sin is

left with no sentence in an Islamic government, others will tend to
disbelieve, and this will ruin their Hereafter and they will go to Hell
forever. This step is taken to save the hereafter of the people. This is
in the interest of the apostate himself, which he does not understand.

There was 1 verse and 8 hadiths about this belief, the details of which
you have seen.
 | 421

34 – Who are the Ahl al-Qiblah?

There are 2 verses and 5 hadiths about this belief, the details of which
are as follows:

Ahl al-Qiblah means those who believe in all the things brought by the
Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

It is mentioned in al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah:

‫ و ﻟﮫ ﺑ ﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎل و أﺧ‬،‫ ﻣﺎ داﻣﻮا ﺑﻤﺎ ﺟﺎء ﺑﮫ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻣﻌ ﻓ ن‬،‫و ﺴ أ ﻞ ﻗﺒﻠﺘﻨﺎ ﻣﺴﻠﻤ ن ﻣﺆﻣﻨ ن‬
(14 ‫ ص‬،54 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫ﻣﺼﺪﻗ ن‬

“We consider those who belong to the qiblah to be Muslims and

believers, provided that they acknowledges what the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has
brought and confirms what he has said and informed.” (al-Aqeedah
al-Tahawiyyah, Aeeqah No. 54, p. 14 )

It was said in this text that if one acknowledges what the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
has brought that it is from Allah, and he confirms with his heart what
the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has said, then one is a believer, a Muslim, and belongs
to the qiblah.

This is mentioned in the following hadiths:

ْ ‫ َو‬،‫ﺻ َﻼ َﺗ َﻨﺎ‬
َ‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒﻞ‬ َ ‫ﺻﱠ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َُ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ْ ََ ْ َ
‫ل‬
ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮ‬،‫ﺲ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ‬ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ َ أ‬1
‫ﱠ‬ ْ ُ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ ‫ َوأ َ َﻞ ذﺑ‬،‫ﻗ ْﺒ َﻠ َﺘ َﻨﺎ‬
َ
." ‫ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺨ ِﻔ ُﺮوا اﻟﻠ َﮫ ِ ِذ ﱠﻣ ِﺘ ِﮫ‬،‫ ﻓﺬ ِﻟ َﻚ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠ ُﻢ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻟ ُﮫ ِذ ﱠﻣﺔ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو ِذ ﱠﻣﺔ َر ُﺳ ِﻮﻟ ِﮫ‬،‫ﻴﺤ َﺘ َﻨﺎ‬ ِ ِ
(391 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،69 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
422 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"Whoever prays like us and faces our Qibla and eats our slaughtered
animals is a Muslim and is under Allah's and His Apostle's protection.
So do not betray Allah by betraying those who are in His protection."
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Salah, p. 69, No. 391)

‫ﺎس َﺣ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ُأﻣ ْﺮ ُت َأ ْن ُأ َﻗﺎﺗ َﻞ ﱠ‬

َ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ل‬ َ ْ ََ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﻚ‬ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬2
‫ﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
َ َ ‫ َو َذ َﺑ ُﺤﻮا َذﺑ‬،‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﻘ َﺒ ُﻠﻮا ﻗ ْﺒ َﻠ َﺘ َﻨﺎ‬
ْ ‫ َو‬،‫ﺻ َﻼ َﺗ َﻨﺎ‬ َ ‫ﺻ ﱠﻠ ْﻮا‬ ‫َُ ُ َ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ َﻓﺈ َذا َﻗ ُﺎﻟﻮ َ ﺎ َو‬.‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬
‫ ﻓ َﻘ ْﺪ َﺣ ُﺮ َﻣ ْﺖ‬،‫ﻴﺤ َﺘ َﻨﺎ‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮا ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ‬
‫َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ُ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ َو ِﺣ َﺴ ُﺎﺑ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻋ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬،‫َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ ِد َﻣﺎؤ ُ ْﻢ َوأ ْﻣ َﻮاﻟ ُﻬ ْﻢ ِإﻻ ِﺑ َﺤ ِّﻘ َﻬﺎ‬
(392 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،69 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻓﻀﻞ اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬

Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "I have been ordered to fight the people
till they say: 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah.' And if
they say so, pray like our prayers, face our Qibla and slaughter as we
slaughter, then their blood and property will be sacred to us and we
will not interfere with them except legally and their reckoning will be
with Allah.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Salah, p. 69, No. 391)

The next hadith says:

‫َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َََْ َ َﱠ‬ ‫ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬،‫ﺲ‬ٌ َ ‫َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﻨﺎ َأ‬
‫ وﺻ‬،‫ واﺳﺘﻘﺒﻞ ِﻗﺒﻠﺘﻨﺎ‬،‫ ﻣﻦ ﺷ ِﻬﺪ أن ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬...‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ِ
ْ ُ ْ ََ َ ََْ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ََ َ
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ وﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ﻣﺎ ﻋ اﻟﻤﺴ ِﻠ ِﻢ‬،‫ ﻟﮫ ﻣﺎ ِﻟﻠﻤﺴ ِﻠ ِﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻤﺴ ِﻠﻢ‬،‫ وأ ﻞ ذ ِﺑﻴﺤﺘﻨﺎ‬،‫ﺻﻼﺗﻨﺎ‬
(393/392 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،69 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬

"Whoever says, 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah', faces
our Qibla during the prayers, prays like us and eats our slaughtered
animal, then he is a Muslim, and has got the same rights and
obligations as other Muslims have." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Salah,
p. 69, 392/393)

In these three hadiths, it is said that if a person belongs to the qiblah,

then he is a Muslim. One may neither call him a kafir nor treat him as
a kafir.
35 – Peeri & Muridi | 423

Those who sincerely believe in the following six things are called Ahl
al-Qiblah:

(1) Allah (2) the Messengers (3) The Books of Allah (4) The Angels (5)
The Last Day (6) Destiny

It is mentioned in Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah:

‫ و اﻟﻘﺪر ﺧ ە وﺷﺮە و ﺣﻠﻮە‬،‫ و رﺳﻠﮫ واﻟﯿﻮم اﻵﺧﺮ‬،‫ وﮐﺘﺒﮫ‬،‫ وﻣﻼﺋﮑﺘﮫ‬،‫واﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﻮ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻠﮫ‬
(15 ‫ ص‬،66 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬. ‫وﻣﺮە ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ‬

“Faith means believe in Allah, the angels, the divine books, the
messengers, the Last Day, and the destiny whether good or bad,
sweet or sour, every things is from Allah Almighty. (al-Aqeedah al-
Tahawiyyah, Aqeedah No. 66, p. 15)

The evidences for believing in these things has mentioned under the
title of faith.

It is also stated in the previous text that if one confesses the words of
the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and believes them with all his heart, then he is
a believer, a Muslim, and he is a member of the qiblah. See the full
discussion under the title of faith.

A Fajir Can Lead the Salah, but it is Makrooh

If one appoints an Imam, then he should appoint a pious and

righteous person as Imam, but if one has to offer prayers behind a
fajir (corrupt) person, he should offer prayers behind him, so that he
can pray in congregation as well as he can avoid chaos.

Nowadays, people disagree on the slightest thing and do not offer

prayers, it is necessary to avoid it in order to maintain unity.
424 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is mentioned in al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah regarding the Imamate

of a fajir:

‫ رﻗﻢ‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫و ﻧﺮی اﻟﺼﻠﻮة ﺧﻠﻒ ﻞ ﺑﺮ و ﻓﺎﺟﺮ ﻣﻦ أ ﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ و ﻋ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎت ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬
(16 ‫ ص‬،69 ‫اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬

“It is permissible to offer prayers behind every pious and corrupt

Muslim, and it is permissible to offer funeral prayer of a Muslim
though he lived a virtuous or corrupt life. (al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah,
Aqeedah No. 69, p. 16)

It is clear this text that it is better to offer prayers behind a righteous

person, but if you ever have to offer prayers behind a corrupt, then
you may offer it, because it is permissible to offer prayers behind such
a person.

It is mentioned in a hadith:

َ َْ ٌ ُ ْ ْ َُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺼﻼة اﻟ َﻤﻜ ُﺘﻮ َ ﺔ َو ِاﺟ َﺒﺔ ﺧﻠﻒ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬3
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
" ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ً َ ْ َ َ َ َِ ْ ُ ّ ُ
،‫ ﺑﺎب إﻣﺎﻣﺔ اﻟ واﻟﻔﺎﺟﺮ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ﺎﺟﺮا و ِ ن ﻋ ِﻤﻞ اﻟﻜﺒ ِﺎﺋﺮ‬ ِ ‫ِﻞ ﻣﺴ ِﻠ ٍﻢ ﺑﺮا ﺎن أو ﻓ‬
(594 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،97 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) reported the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

“The obligatory prayer is essential behind every Muslim, pious or
impious, even if he has committed a sins”. (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Salah,
p. 97, No. 594)

It is stated in this hadith that whether a person is virtuous or corrupt,

it is permissible to pray behind him, provided he is a Muslim, not a
kafir or a mushrik.

However, if a good Imam is found, it is better to make him regular

Imam, as it is mentioned in a hadith:
35 – Peeri & Muridi | 425

ً ٌَ ََ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ أﻻ ﻻ ﺗ ُﺆ ﱠﻣ ﱠﻦ ْاﻣ َﺮأة َر ُﺟﻼ‬...‫ﺎل ﺧﻄ َﺒ َﻨﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬4
َُ ْ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ﱠ َ ْ َ ﱞ ُ َ ً َ َ َ ُ ﱠ َ ٌ ُ ْ ً ﱠ‬
‫ )اﺑﻦ‬." ‫ﺎﺟﺮ ﻣﺆ ِﻣﻨﺎ ِإﻻ أن ﻳﻘﻬﺮﻩ ِ ﺴﻠﻄ ٍﺎن ﻳﺨﺎف ﺳﻴﻔﮫ وﺳﻮﻃﮫ‬ ِ ‫ﺎﺟﺮا وﻻ ﻳﺆم ﻓ‬ ِ ‫وﻻ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ أﻋﺮا ِ ﻲ ﻣﻬ‬
(1081 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،152 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﺮض ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب إﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺼﻠﻮة‬،‫ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬

Hadhrat Jabir bin Abdullah (raz) narrated: “The Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬delivered a sermon to us ... No woman should be appointed as
Imam over a man, no Bedouin should be appointed as Imam over a
Muhajir, no immoral person should be appointed as Imam over a
(true) believer, unless that is forced upon him and he fears his sword
or whip.’” (Ibn Majah, Bab Iqamat al-Salah, p. 152, No. 1081)

But if that person is a polytheist as per his beliefs, then his it is no

longer permissible to pray behind him; because he is in fact not a
Muslim.

Nowadays, at many places people of one sect do not pray behind

another sect, which is so chaotic that it is catastrophic for the
community. May Allah give us understanding!

Islam is Neither too Strict not too much Soft

Islam is neither too strict nor too much soft, it is moderate.

It is mentioned in al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah:

‫ و ﺑ ن‬،‫و اﻟﻘﺪر‬ ‫ و ﺑ ن ا‬،‫ و ﺑ ن اﻟ ﺸ ﯿﮫ و اﻟﺘﻌﻄﯿﻞ‬، ‫و ﻮ ) ﻌ اﻹﺳﻼم( ﺑ ن اﻟﻐﻠﻮ و اﻟﺘﻘﺼ‬

(22 ‫ ص‬،104 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫اﻷﻣﻦ و اﻟﯿﺄس‬

“He (i.e. Islam) is between too much exaggeration and too much
reduction, between to make Allah equal to someone and to consider
Him useless, between considering the human beings as compelled
and as all powerful, between to be fearless of sin and to be hopeless.
[Islam is the moderate one]. (al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah, Aqeedah No.
104, p. 22)
426 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It says that it is not right to exaggerate, and it is not right to be so

limited. The middle ground is called Islam.

Here are some verse from the Qur’an:

‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ‫ُ ْ ََ َ ُ ُ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ُْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ
ِ ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬1
[4:171 ‫ﺎب ﻻ ﻐﻠﻮا ِ ِدﻳ ِﻨﻜﻢ وﻻ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮا ﻋ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإﻻ ا ﻖ ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬

“O people of the Book, be not excessive in your Faith, and do not say
about Allah anything but the truth” [4:171]
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ ّ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫َ َﱡَ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت َﻣﺎ أ َﺣ ﱠﻞ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﻟﻜ ْﻢ َوﻻ ْﻌ َﺘ ُﺪوا ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ ﻻ‬ َ ّ
ِ ِ ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا ﻻ ﺗﺤ ِﺮﻣﻮا‬2
‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻃ‬
َ ‫ُﻳﺤ ﱡﺐ ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﻌ َﺘﺪ‬
[5:87 ‫ﻳﻦ ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ِ ِ

“O you who believe, do not hold as unlawful the good things that Allah
has made lawful for you, and do not transgress. Verily, Allah does not
like the transgressors.” [5:87]

In both verses it is said that it is not right to transgress.

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﺳ َﺄ ُﻟﻮا َأ ْز َو‬

‫اج ﱠ‬ ‫ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْ َ ﺎب ﱠ‬،‫ َأ ﱠن َﻧ َﻔ ًﺮا‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ‬5
َِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ
ُ ُ َ َ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ ّ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ُ
َ ‫ وﻗ‬. ‫ﺎل ْﻌﻀﻬ ْﻢ ﻻ أﺗﺰو ُج اﻟ ِ َﺴ َﺎء‬ُ َ َ َ ََ ْ َ
‫ﺎل ْﻌﻀﻬ ْﻢ‬ َ ‫ وﻗ‬. ‫ﺎل ْﻌﻀﻬ ْﻢ ﻻ آ ُﻞ اﻟ َﻢ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺴ ّﺮ ﻓﻘ‬
ِ
ّ
ِ ِ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤ ِﻠ ِﮫ‬
ََ َّ ُ ّ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ََْ َ ََْ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﻻ َأ َﻧ ُﺎم َﻋ َ ِﻓ‬
‫ﺻ ِ َوأﻧ ُﺎم‬ ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل " ﻣﺎ ﺑﺎل أﻗﻮ ٍام ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا ﻟ ِﻜ ِ أ‬. ‫ ﻓﺤ ِﻤﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ وأﺛ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ‬. ‫اش‬ ٍ ‫ﺮ‬
ّ َ ْ ََ ‫ََ ُ ُ َُ ْ ُ َََ َﱠ ُ ّ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻨ ﺎح‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ِ ‫وأﺻﻮم وأﻓ ِﻄﺮ وأﺗﺰوج اﻟ ِ ﺴﺎء ﻓﻤﻦ ر ِﻏﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻨ ِ ﻓﻠ ﺲ ِﻣ‬
(3403/1401 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،586

Hadhrat Anas (Allah be pleased with him) reported that some of the
Companions of Allah's Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬asked his (the Prophet's) wives
about the acts that he performed in private. Someone among them
(among his Companions) said: “I will not marry women; someone
among them said: I will not eat meat; and someone among them said:
I will not lie down in bed. He (the Holy Prophet) praised Allah and
glorified Him, and said: What has happened to these people that they
say so and so, whereas I observe prayer and sleep too; I observe fast
35 – Peeri & Muridi | 427

and suspend observing them; I marry women also? And he who turns
away from my Sunnah, he has no relation with Me.” (Sahih Muslim,
Kitab al-Nikah, p. 586, No. 1401/3403)

It is stated in this hadith that one should not be strict that people get
bored, and one should not be so soft that let people commit haram
things.

There were 2 verses and 5 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 428

35 – Peeri & Muridi

There are 5 verses and 7 hadiths about this belief, the details of which
are as follows:

Benefit of Peeri Muridi

If the Peer (spiritual mentor) is sincere, if he is eager to make his be a

good person and he himself is a good person, then he benefits the
disciple and he becomes a good person, just like a teacher, if he is
good and sincere teacher, he produces good student, this is the case
with Peer.

But the condition for this is that the disciple also has the ability to
attain goodness, and he works hard to become good, then he
becomes good, otherwise he is left empty.

To become disciple, we make a vow on the hand of Peer that we

promise to follow his advice and abide by the Shari'ah. This vow is
called bai’at (pledge of allegiance).

Peer can Give these Four Benefits to Their Disciples

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was sent for four tasks. Similarly, it is the duty of a
Peer to teach his disciple these four tasks:

(1) to recite the Qur'an,

(2) to teach the Qur'an

(3) to teach wisdom

35 – Peeri & Muridi | 429

(4) to purify them

Here are some verses:

ُ‫اﻷ ّﻣ ّﻴ َن َر ُﺳ ًﻮﻻ ﻣ ْ ُ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺘ ُﻠﻮ َﻋ َﻠ ْ ْﻢ َآ َﻳﺎ ِﺗ ِﮫ َو ُ َﺰ ِّﻛ ْﻢ َو ُ َﻌ ِ ّﻠ ُﻤ ُ ﻢ‬

ُْ َ ََ ‫َُ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ‫ ﻮ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻌ‬1
‫ﺚ‬
ََ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ
[62:2 ‫ﺿﻼ ٍل ُﻣ ِﺒ ٍن ]ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺎب َوا ِ ﻜ َﻤﺔ َو ِ ْن ﺎﻧﻮا ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻗ ْﺒ ُﻞ ﻟ ِﻔﻲ‬‫اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬

“He is the One who raised amidst the unlettered people a messenger
from among themselves who recites to them His verses, and purifies
them, and teaches them the Book and the wisdom, while they were
earlier in open error.” [62:2]

َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ َّ ُ َ َ ََ ْ َْ َ ُْ َ ْ ُْ ً ُ َ ْ ْ
‫ َرﱠ َﻨﺎ َوا ْ َﻌﺚ ِﻓ ِ ﻢ رﺳﻮﻻ ِﻣ ﻢ ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ آﻳﺎ ِﺗﻚ و ﻌ ِﻠﻤ ﻢ اﻟ ِﻜﺘﺎب وا ِ ﻜﻤﺔ‬2
ُ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َْ َ ‫َُ َّ ْ ﱠ‬
[2:129 ‫و ﺰ ِﻛ ِ ﻢ ِإﻧﻚ أﻧﺖ اﻟﻌ ِﺰ ﺰ ا ِﻜﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“And, our Lord, raise in their midst a Messenger from among them,
who should recite to them Your verses, and teach them the Book and
the wisdom, and cleanse them of all impurities. Indeed You, and You
alone, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.” [2:129]

In this verse, the Holy Prophet has been sent for four tasks. (1) To
recite the Qur'an, (2) To teach the Qur'an, (3) To teach wisdom, (3)
And to purify,

If the Peer is good, then these are the four things he teaches, and that
would be the benefit for his disciples.

Purification was explained in Tafseer Ibn Abbas to save people from

shirk by making them understand Tawheed, and to save them from
sin by making them repent.

This does not mean that the Peer will purify heart by any other means,
as some people think, if that would have been a fact then the Peer
would have purified his children first and each son of him would have
430 | Samarat al-Aqaid

been perfect, although we see there are many children of Peer who
are incompetent and imperfect.

Here is the text of Tafseer Ibn Abbas:

‫ أي ﯾﺪﻋﻮ ﻢ إ‬،‫ و ﯾﻘﺎل ﺑﺎﻟﺰ ﺎة و اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺬﻧﻮب‬،‫﴿و ﺰﮐﯿ ﻢ ﴾ ﯾﻄﻬﺮ ﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺣﯿﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮک‬
(62 ‫ ﺳﻮرة ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬،2 ‫ اﻵﻳﺔ‬،‫ )ﺗﻔﺴ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬.‫ذﻟﮏ‬

“[They purify them], that is, purify them from shirk through tawheed.
Some people have also said that it means to make people repent of
their sins i.e. call them to repentance.” (Tafseer Ibn Abbas, 62:2)

It means that through Tawheed they will try to purify the disciples
from shirk, and try to make them repent of their sins. Therefore, it
does not mean that they will do any special kind of cleansing of the
heart.

And this purification from shirk also takes place when the Peer himself
has the ability and he himself works hard to avoid shirk. If he does not
work hard, then nothing will happen.

If Peer is Pious, He is More Influential

ُ َُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
‫ أ ﱠﻧ َﻬﺎ َﺳ ِﻤ َﻌ ْﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " أﻻ أﻧ ِّ ُﺌﻜ ْﻢ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ْﺳ َﻤ َﺎء ِﺑ ِﺖ َﻳ ِﺰ َﺪ‬1
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ‫َ ُ ْ َ ُ ََ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُُ ُ ﱠ‬
،‫ﻳﻦ ِإذا ُر ُءوا ذ ِﻛ َﺮ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ﱠﺰ َو َﺟ ﱠﻞ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل " ِﺧﻴﺎرﻛﻢ اﻟ ِﺬ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﺑ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬. " ‫ِﺑ ِﺨﻴ ِﺎرﻛﻢ‬
(4119 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،601 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﯾﺆ ﻟ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat Asma’ bint Yazid (raz) that she heard
the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬say: “Shall I not tell you of the best of
you?” They said: “Yes, O Messenger of Allah.” He said: “The best of
you are those who, when they are seen, Allah the Mighty, the
Majestic, is remembered.” (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Zuhd, p. 601, No.
4119)
35 – Peeri & Muridi | 431

In this hadith it is said that pious is those if you seen him you will
remember Allah, therefore the Peer should be so pious whose sight
makes you remember Allah. If you tend to the world by seeing the
splendor of the Peer, or if you feel restless to see his cunningness,
then what will you get by sitting next to him?

It is narrated in the following hadith that sitting next to a pious person

has a good effect and one tends to think of the Hereafter, and
similarly the company of a corrupt man or a cunning man has the
effect that the heart tends to the worldly things.

Here is the hadith:

َ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ ََ َُ ُ َْ َ ْ ُ َْ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِﺑ ِﻴﮫ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ‬، َ ‫ﺎل َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ أ َﺑﺎ ُﺑ ْﺮ َدة ْﺑ َﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُﻣﻮ‬ ‫ ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ أﺑﻮ ﺑﺮدة ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬2
َ َ َ ْ ‫اﻟﺼﺎ َوا ْ َ ﻠ ﺲ ﱠ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َﻣ َﺜ ُﻞ ا ْ َ ِﻠ ﺲ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎﺣ ِﺐ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﺴﻮ ِء ﻛ َﻤﺜ ِﻞ ﺻ‬ ِ َ ِِ ِ ِ ‫ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل‬
ْ َ َْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ََُْ َ ‫ْ َ ﱠ‬ ْ ْ
‫ َو ِﻛ ُ ا َ ﱠﺪ ِاد‬،‫ أ ْو ﺗ ِﺠ ُﺪ ِر َﺤ ُﮫ‬،‫ﺎﺣ ِﺐ اﻟ ِﻤ ْﺴ ِﻚ ِإ ﱠﻣﺎ ﺸ ِ ِﻳﮫ‬ َ
ِ ‫ ﻻ ﻌﺪﻣﻚ ِﻣﻦ ﺻ‬،‫ و ِﻛ ِ ا ﺪ ِاد‬،‫اﻟ ِﻤﺴ ِﻚ‬
ًَ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻌﻄﺎر و ﺑﯿﻊ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺒﯿﻮع‬،‫ُﻳ ْﺤ ِﺮق َﺑ َﺪﻧ َﻚ أ ْو ﺛ ْﻮ َ َﻚ أ ْو ﺗ ِﺠ ُﺪ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ ِر ًﺤﺎ ﺧ ِﺒ ﺜﺔ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
‫ ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب ﻣﺠﺎﻟﺴﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟ واﻟﺼﻠﺔ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬2101 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،338 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻤﺴﮏ‬
(6692/2628 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1146 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺼﺎ ن وﻣﺠﺎﻧﺒﺔ ﻗﺮﻧﺎء اﻟﺴﻮء‬

Hadhrat Abu Musa (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,

"The example of a good companion (who sits with you) in comparison
with a bad one, is like that of the musk seller and the blacksmith's
bellows (or furnace); from the first you would either buy musk or
enjoy its good smell while the bellows would either burn your clothes
or your house, or you get a bad nasty smell thereof." (Sahih Al-
Bukhari, Book of Sales, Chapter in Al-Attar and the Sale of Musk, p.
338, No. 2101; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Birr wa al-Sila, p. 1146, No.
2628/6692)

It is said in this hadith that the company of good people and bad
people has an effect. So, these hadiths indicate that if Peer is good
and sincere, and the one who benefits from him is also sincere and
432 | Samarat al-Aqaid

devoted, then the abovementioned four benefits can be obtained

from him.

It is not a Good to Adopt Peeri Muridi to Seek the World

It is mentioned in a hadith:
ُ َ ٌ ََ َ
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻻ َﻳ ْﻨﻈ ُﺮ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ َأ َﺑﺎ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻗ‬3
ِ
ْ‫ َﻓﺈن‬،‫ َو َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ َﺑﺎ َ َﻊ إ َﻣ ًﺎﻣﺎ َﻻ ُﻳ َﺒﺎ ُﻌ ُﮫ إ ﱠﻻ ﻟ ُﺪ ْﻧ َﻴﺎ‬... ‫ﻴﻢ‬
ٌ َ ٌ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ ّ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ ُ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻟ‬ِ ‫أ‬ ‫اب‬ ‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫و‬ ،‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻴﻬ‬ ‫ﻛ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫و‬ ،‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻣ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻬ‬ِ ‫َاﻟﻠﮫ ِإ‬
‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻟ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ ‫ﻳﻦ َ ْﺸ‬ َ ‫اﻵﻳ َﺔ ]إ ﱠن ﱠاﻟﺬ‬ َ
َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َﺮأ َ ﺬﻩ‬... ،‫ﻂ‬ َ َ َْ ُْ َ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ْ
‫ون ِ َﻌ ْﻬ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ‫ و ِ ن ﻟ ْﻢ ﻌ ِﻄ ِﮫ ِﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬، َ ِ ‫أﻋﻄﺎﻩ ِﻣﻨﻬﺎ َر‬
‫ي‬ ً َ ً َ َ ْ َ ََْ
،‫ ﺑﺎب إﺛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻊ اﺑﻦ اﻟﺴ ﯿﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎء‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻗﺎة‬، ‫وأﻳﻤ ِﺎﻧ ِﻬﻢ ﺛﻤﻨﺎ ﻗ ِﻠﻴﻼ[ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎر‬
(2358 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،379 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,

"There are three persons whom Allah will not look at on the Day of
Resurrection, nor will he purify them and theirs shall be a severe
punishment… A man who gave a pledge of allegiance to a ruler and
he gave it only for worldly benefits. If the ruler gives him something
he gets satisfied, and if the ruler withholds something from him, he
gets dissatisfied… The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬then recited: "Verily! Those who
purchase a little gain at the cost of Allah's Covenant and their oaths."
[3.77] (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Musaqaat, p. 379, No. 2358)

It is stated in this hadith that whoever takes bai’ah (pledge of

allegiance) for the world, Allah will not look at him with mercy on the
Day of Resurrection, nor will he purify him, and for him there will be
a painful torment.

In this age, some people have made it a business to become a Peer.

We need to be vigilant against such Peers that rob rich disciples in the
name of Khilafah (succession) and discipleship. They do not make
disciples for religion and religious upbringing but they lay Peeri-
Muridi trap to earn money. Such Peers should be avoided.
35 – Peeri & Muridi | 433

There are good Peers in this world who nurture people, I had a
teacher who was a Peer, he used to give us money instead, and he
was very sincere, despite being a great mufti, he spent his whole life
in poverty. I am still influenced by him.

I have come across two or three Peers in my life who spent their
whole life in poverty, but kept striving to nurture the disciples.

I am writing this not to create ill will regarding anyone but to save
people from superstition.

Bai’at (Allegiance) is of Four Types

(1) To pledge allegiance to maintain faith

(2) Allegiance to Jihad

(3) to pledge allegiance to the Caliph

(4) To pledge allegiance in order to do good deeds and to progress in

them

(1) To swear allegiance to faith and good deeds

Here is one verse:

َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ْ َ َ َ ُ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ إ َذا َﺟ َﺎء َك ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺆﻣ َﻨ‬
‫ﺎت ُﻳ َﺒﺎ ِ ْﻌ َﻨ َﻚ َﻋ أ ْن ﻻ ُ ﺸ ِﺮﻛ َﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َوﻻ‬ ‫ َﻳﺎ َأ ﱡ َ ﺎ ﱠ‬3
ِ ِ
ََ ‫َ ْ ْ َ ََ َ ْ َ ِ ََ َ ْ ُْ َ َ َْ َ ُ ﱠ ََ َْ َ ُْ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َْ َ َْ ﱠ َ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺴ ِﺮﻗﻦ وﻻ ﻳﺰِﻧ ن وﻻ ﻳﻘﺘﻠﻦ أوﻻد ﻦ وﻻ ﻳﺄ ِﺗ ن ِﺑ ﺘ ٍﺎن ﻳﻔ ِ ﻳﻨﮫ ﺑ ن أﻳ ِﺪ ِ ﻦ وأرﺟ ِﻠ ِ ﻦ وﻻ‬
‫ََ ُْ ﱠ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ إ ﱠن اﻟ ﱠﻠ َﮫ َﻏ ُﻔﻮ ٌر َر ِﺣ‬ ُ ‫َ ْﻌ ِﺼ َﻨ َﻚ َﻣ ْﻌ‬
‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﻤﻤﺘﺤﻨﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻔ‬
ِ ‫ﻐ‬ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫اﺳ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ِ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ف‬ ٍ ‫و‬‫ﺮ‬ ِ
[60:12

“O you who believe, when the believing women come to you, seeking
bai‘ah (a pledge of allegiance) with you that they will not ascribe any
434 | Samarat al-Aqaid

partner to Allah, and will not commit theft, and will not commit
fornication, and will not kill their children, and will not come up with
a false claim (about the parentage of a child) that they falsely attribute
(to the sperm of their husbands being dropped) between their hands
and their feet (i.e. their private parts), and will not disobey you in
what is recognized (in Shariah), then take them in your bai‘ah, and
pray Allah for their forgiveness. Surely Allah is Most-Forgiving, Very-
Merciful.” [60:12]

In this verse, the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was asked to take an oath of

allegiance for doing good deeds.

(2) To swear allegiance to Jihad

Here are the verses:

َ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﻓ ْﻮ َق َأ ْﻳ ِﺪ ْﻢ َﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ َﻧ َﻜ َﺚ َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧﻤﺎ‬

‫ﱠ ﱠ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ُ َن ﱠ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ِإن اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺒﺎ ِ ﻌﻮﻧﻚ ِإﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺒﺎ ِ ﻌﻮ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻳﺪ‬4
ِ ِ
ً َ ً ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ‫َْ ُ ُ ََ َْ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ َ َ ََْ ُ ﱠ‬
[48:10 ‫ﻳﻨﻜﺚ ﻋ ﻧﻔ ِﺴ ِﮫ وﻣﻦ أو ِﺑﻤﺎ ﻋﺎ ﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻓﺴﻴﺆ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ أﺟﺮا ﻋ ِﻈﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬

“Those who pledge allegiance with you (by placing their hands in your
hand)__ they, in fact, pledge allegiance with Allah. Allah‘s hand is over
their hands. Then, whoever breaks his pledge breaks it to his own
detriment, and whoever fulfils the covenant he has made with Allah,
He will give him a great reward.” [48:10]
ُُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ
‫ ﻟﻘ ْﺪ َر ِ َ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن ِإذ ُﻳ َﺒﺎ ِ ُﻌﻮﻧ َﻚ ﺗ ْﺤ َﺖ اﻟ َ َﺮ ِة ﻓ َﻌ ِﻠ َﻢ َﻣﺎ ِ ﻗﻠﻮ ِ ِ ْﻢ‬5
ً َ ً ْ َ ْ َُ َََ ْ ََْ َ َ ‫ََْ َ َ ﱠ‬
[48:18 ‫ﻓﺄﻧﺰل اﻟﺴ ِﻜﻴﻨﺔ ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ وأﺛﺎ ﻢ ﻓﺘﺤﺎ ﻗ ِﺮ ﺒﺎ ]اﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬

“Allah was pleased with the believers when they were pledging
allegiance with you (by placing their hands in your hands) under the
tree, and He knew what was in their hearts, so He sent down
tranquility upon them, and rewarded them with a victory, near at
hand.” [48:18]
35 – Peeri & Muridi | 435

In both these verses, allegiance to jihad is mentioned.

(3) To pledge allegiance to the Caliph

‫ ﻓﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﻠ أﺑﻮ ﺑﮑﺮ و أﺛ ﻋﻠﯿ ․․․․․․ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻞ ﻧ ﯿﻌﮏ أﻧﺖ ﺳﯿﺪﻧﺎ و ﺧ ﻧﺎ و أﺣﺒﻨﺎ إ‬4
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ ﻓﺄﺧﺬ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﯿﺪە ﻓﺒﺎ ﻌ و ﺑﺎ ﻌ اﻟﻨﺎس‬،‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ‬
(3668 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،616 ‫ص‬

“Abu Bakr praised Allah and chanted His glory... Umar said that we
swear allegiance to you, you are our leader, you are the best among
us, and you are the most beloved of the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬. So,
Umar took the hand of Abu Bakr and swore allegiance to him, and the
people also swore allegiance to him.” (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of
Virtues of the Companions, p. 616, No. 3668)

This hadith is a proof of allegiance to the caliph.

(4) To pledge allegiance in order to do good deeds

َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻗ‬5
‫ َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ َﺟ ِﺮ ًﺮا ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﺑﺎ َ ْﻌ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻋ ﺷ َﻬ َﺎد ِة‬،‫ﺲ‬ٍ
ْ ‫ َوا ﱡﻟﻨ‬،‫ﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠَ َ ﱠ ْ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻄ‬ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ ََ ﱠ ُ َ ﱠ ً َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ‫ واﻟﺴﻤ ِﻊ و‬،‫ و ِ ﻳﺘ ِﺎء اﻟﺰ ِﺎة‬،‫ و ِ ﻗ ِﺎم اﻟﺼﻼ ِة‬،‫أن ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ وأن ﻣﺤﻤﺪا رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
ُ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،345 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻞ ﯾ ﯿﻊ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻟﺒﺎد ﻐ أﺟﺮ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺒﯿﻮع‬،‫" ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ِﻟ ِ ّﻞ ُﻣ ْﺴ ِﻠ ٍﻢ‬
(2157

Hadhrat Jarir (raz) narrated: “I have given a pledge of allegiance to

Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬for to testify that None has the right to be
worshipped but Allah, and Muhammad is His Apostle, to offer prayers
perfectly, to pay Zakat, to listen to and obey (Allah's and His Prophet's
orders), and to give good advice to every Muslim.” (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Buyu', p. 345, No. 2157)

It is mentioned in this hadith that the companions swore allegiance to

the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬in order to do good deeds.
436 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Used to Take Bai’ah of Women but He did not

Touch their Hands

He used to take pledge of allegiance from women, but did not touch
their hands, rather he used to take pledge of allegiance behind the
veil, as the hadith says:

‫اﻟﺸ ْﺮ ِط ِﻣ َﻦ‬‫ َﻓ َﻤ ْﻦ َأ َﻗ ﱠﺮ ﺑ َﻬ َﺬا ﱠ‬... ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠن َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ـ َز ْو َج ﱠ‬6
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُْْ
‫ ﻓ ﺎن َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِإذا أﻗ َﺮ ْرن ِﺑﺬ ِﻟﻚ ِﻣﻦ ﻗ ْﻮِﻟ ِﻬ ﱠﻦ‬،‫ﺎت ﻓﻘﺪ أﻗ ﱠﺮ ِﺑﺎ ِ ْ ﻨ ِﺔ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ َﻻ َواﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﻣﺎ َﻣ ﱠﺴ ْﺖ َﻳ ُﺪ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل‬،" ‫ﺎل ﻟ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ْاﻧﻄ ِﻠ ْﻘ َﻦ ﻓ َﻘ ْﺪ َﺑﺎ َ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُﻜ ﱠﻦ‬ ‫ﻗ‬
‫َ َ ْ ََ َ ﱡ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ واﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﺎ أﺧﺬ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬،‫ ﻏ أﻧﮫ ﺑﺎ ﻌﻬﻦ ِﺑﺎﻟﻜﻼ ِم‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﺪ اﻣﺮأ ٍة ﻗﻂ‬
َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ّ َ
‫" ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ ﻛﻼ ًﻣﺎ‬." ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻋ اﻟ ِ َﺴ ِﺎء ِإﻻ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ أ َﻣ َﺮ ُﻩ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل ﻟ ُﻬ ﱠﻦ ِإذا أﺧﺬ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﻬ ﱠﻦ " ﻗ ْﺪ َﺑﺎ َ ْﻌ ُﺘﻜ ﱠﻦ‬
،945 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب إذا أﺳﻠﻤﺖ اﻟﻤﺸﺮﮐﺔ أو اﻟﻨﺼﺮاﻧﯿﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺬﻣﻲ أو ا ﺮ ﻲ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﻼق‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(5288 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz), the wife of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, narrated: ... So if
anyone of those believing women accepted the above mentioned
conditions, she accepted the conditions of faith. When they agreed
on those conditions and confessed that with their tongues, Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬would say to them, "Go, I have accepted your oath of
allegiance (for Islam). By Allah, and hand of Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬
never touched the hand of any woman, but he only used to take their
pledge of allegiance orally. By Allah, Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬did not
take the pledge of allegiance of the women except in accordance with
what Allah had ordered him. When he accepted their pledge of
allegiance he would say to them, "I have accepted your oath of
allegiance." (Sahih Al-Bukhari, The Book of Divorce, p. 945, No. 5288)

It is stated in this hadith that he did not touch the hands of women,
rather took bai’ah only with the words of allegiance.

Nowadays it is seen that a woman sits in front of her Peer without veil
and he indulges in acts that must be avoided. This should be stopped
at all costs.
35 – Peeri & Muridi | 437

The Peer is not Able to Give you some Special Blessing

Some Peers keep giving the impression that if you serve him, he will
give you some spiritual blessing and the disciple serves him for years
to get it. They argue from this hadith, but remember that this incident
of giving something was only once in the hadith which was as a
miracle, and it did not happen later on; otherwise every Peer would
have given this blessing to his children first.
ُ ََ َ َ ‫ َو َﻗ‬... ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬7
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ " ﻟ ْﻦ َﻳ ْ ُﺴﻂ أ َﺣ ٌﺪ ِﻣ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ‬ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬
ِ
ًَ َ ُ ْ َ ََ ً ََ ًْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ََْ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ‫ََْ ُ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓ ﺴﻄﺖ ﻧ ِﻤﺮة‬." ‫ِﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟ ِ ﺷ ﺌﺎ أﺑﺪا‬ ‫ ﻓﻴ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﻳﺠﻤﻌﮫ ِإ ﺻﺪ ِر ِﻩ‬،‫ﺛﻮ ﮫ ﺣ أﻗ ِ ﻣﻘﺎﻟ ِ ِﺬ ِﻩ‬
َ َ
َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﺟ َﻤ ْﻌ ُﺘ َﻬﺎ إ‬،‫ َﺣ ﱠ َﻗ َ ا ﱠﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻣ َﻘﺎﻟ َﺘ ُﮫ‬،‫ﺲ َﻋ َ ﱠ َﺛ ْﻮ ٌب َﻏ ْ َ َ ﺎ‬ َ ْ ‫َﻟ‬
،‫ﺻ ْﺪ ِري‬ ِ ِ
َ َ َْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ّ َ ْ ََُ َ ‫ََ ﱠ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺮث و‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﻓﻮاﻟ ِﺬي ﻌﺜﮫ ِﺑﺎ ِﻖ ﻣﺎ ِﺴ ﺖ ِﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟ ِﺘ ِﮫ ِﺗﻠﻚ ِإ ﻳﻮ ِﻣﻲ ﺬا‬
(2350 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،377 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻐﺮس‬،‫اﻟﻤﺰارﻋﺔ‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated: ... One day the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"Whoever spreads his sheet till I finish this statement of mine and
then gathers it on his chest, will never forget anything of my
statement." So, I spread my covering sheet which was the only
garment I had, till the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬finished his statement and then I
gathered it over my chest. By Him Who had sent him (i.e. Allah's
Apostle) with the truth, since then I did not forget even a single word
of that statement of his, until this day of mine.” (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Harth wa al-Mazara'ah, p. 377, No. 2350)

This hadith is regarding a miracle, it was not always the case;

otherwise the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would have given this blessing again
and again.

There were 5 verses and 7 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 438

36 – What is the Ruling about

Wearing an Amulet?

There are 4 verses and 29 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which are as follows:

There are seven types of amulets:

(1) to recite or to do the permissible amulet of the Qur'an and Hadith

for a legitimate purpose

(2) to seek help in amulets or mantras from other than Allah, it is

haraam (forbidden).

(3) to use words in amulets or mantras whose meaning is not known,

maybe it seeks help from anyone other than Allah, which is not
permissible.

(4) to get an ill sight.

(5) Magic: It is haraam to do it.

(6) Arraf: one who claims to know the unseen. It is haraam to go to

him.

(7) Getting out the jinn.

There are two types of amulets:

36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 439

(1) One is to recite the Qur'an and the hadith and blow, this is proved
from the hadith.

(2) The second is to write a verse or a hadith and hang it around one's
neck. This seems forbidden in the hadith. However, see the next
verses and hadiths for each of them:

Tricks of some Amulets Makers

There are good people in the world, but some are bad too, some
amulet-maker talks vaguely and intermittently, he does not say that
there are jinns, nor does he deny it, but says that there is a shadow of
jinns on him. And he receives enough money to take it off, and if he
doesn't get It off in months, he says I drove out one jinn, but now his
family has come, now it will cost more money to take them off.

Sometimes, one says that people close to you have done magic, or
amulets, and thus he creates enmity between neighbors, brothers-in-
law, mother-in-law, and sister-in-law for the whole life. Sometimes
there is a great commotion, and the amulet maker does it all, even
though the amulet owner himself does not know anything about it,
so it is better to avoid such amulets and magicians.

This verse explains it:

َ ْ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻴ َﺘ َﻌ ﱠﻠ ُﻤﻮ َن ﻣ ْ ُ َﻤﺎ َﻣﺎ ُﻳ َﻔ ّﺮ ُﻗﻮ َن ﺑﮫ َﺑ ْ َن ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﺮء َو َز ْوﺟﮫ َو َﻣﺎ ُ ْﻢ ﺑ‬1
‫ﻀﺎ ّ ِر َﻦ ِﺑ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ أﺣ ٍﺪ‬
َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ ْ ﱠ‬
[2:102 ‫ِإﻻ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“Then, they used to learn from them that with which they could cause
separation between a man and his wife. But they were not to bring
harm through it to anyone without the will of Allah.” [2:102]
440 | Samarat al-Aqaid

In this verse it is said that these sorcerers usually do such acts that
there is a dispute between husband and wife, sometimes they cause
enmity among the relatives. In fact, some amulet makers cause
discord among the relatives.

It is also stated in the following hadith that if those who have amulets
find out about a thing, they add a hundred lies to it and tell it to the
patient so that he may believe it and he can run his shop smoothly.
ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ُ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ُ َل ﱠ ﱠ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن ﺎﻧﻮا ُﻳ َﺤ ِّﺪﺛﻮﻧ َﻨﺎ ِﺑﺎﻟ ْ ِء ﻓ َﻨ ِﺠ ُﺪ ُﻩ َﺣﻘﺎ ﻗﺎ َل " ِﺗﻠ َﻚ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإن اﻟﻜﻬ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬1
ْ َ ََ ُُ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫اﻟ ِﻠ َﻤﺔ ا َ ﱡﻖ َﻳﺨﻄ ُﻔ َﻬﺎ ا ِ ِ ّ ﱡ ﻓ َﻴ ْﻘ ِﺬﻓ َﻬﺎ ِ أذ ِن َوِﻟ ِّﻴ ِﮫ َو َ ِﺰ ُﺪ ِﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ ِﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻛﺬ َﺑ ٍﺔ‬
(5816/2228 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،989 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ اﻟﮑﻬﺎﻧﺔ و إﺗﯿﺎن اﻟﮑﻬﺎن‬،‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported: I said: Allah's Messenger, the kahins

used to tell us about things (unseen) and we found them to be true.
Thereupon he said: That is a word pertaining to truth which a jinn
snatches and throws into the ear of his friend, and makes an addition
of one hundred lies to it. (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Salam, p. 989, No.
2228/5816)

It is stated in this hadith that he tells people a hundred lies by adding

to one truth.

A House Where Amulets are Practiced Continues in Trouble

Sometimes, it has been observed that in a house where the practice

of amulets is very common, the family members get obsessed by it,
and if any trouble comes, they think that someone has done some
magic, even if a pot suddenly falls from the hand, they think that the
pot has fallen due to someone's magic or amulet. If you explain to
them that the pot has fallen suddenly, or any type of pain is due to
illness, but they will not understand; because they have magic and
amulet in their mind. Then they go to the amulet-maker to cast this
spell who continues to charge a good amount of money by talking
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 441

intermittently, and keep them stuck for the rest of their lives; because
he intends only to receive money and gain reputation as spell-caster.

Therefore, it is requested to stay away from these illusions. That is

why the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has forbidden some amulets.

Amulet Gives a little Peace of Mind

An amulet maker told me four things:

(1) The one for whom we make amulets is usually mentally ill, either
he can't sleep, or he has fear in his mind, because of which he is
scared, and when a sound comes he understands that this is the voice
of the jinn or devil, and now he is afraid of his attack, and sometimes
he does not get enough sleep for long hours because of this fear. He
sleeps for a while, and because of this lack of sleep brain is remains
tired all day, he feels pain in the neck, which makes him think that the
jinn is riding on him, and that makes him restless, even though there
are no jinn, who has no time to ride on his neck and stay with him
leaving his job. The fact is that it is either due to fear, or due to
domestic tension, which keeps him sleepless and feels in his whole
body.

When a patient comes to me, I understand that he has tension and

sleeplessness, but to say straight things does not work, so I say take
this amulet, all the jinn will run away from you. This makes the patient
reassured that the jinn and the magic have run away, this removes his
fear, now he sleeps comfortably, and because of this sleep his illness
ends. So our amulet is a kind of consolation.

(2) He also said that we do not have any charisma in our hands; rather
we write different kinds of prayers, it is only Allah's work to create
effect, if He wills, he recovers, and if He does not, nothing happens.
That is why we do not have any charisma in our hands.
442 | Samarat al-Aqaid

(3) And the third thing is that usually there is neither a jinn in our
hands nor he is submissive, this is just illusion of the people, it may
happen but as far as I know the jinn are not submissive, amulet
makers people propagate this to make money. If that is the case then
why do not they get money from that jinn, why do they go around
asking others?

(4) And the fourth thing is that we don't know the ghaib (unseen),
rather we ask the patient a few things from here and there, it gives an
idea, then from our intelligence, and from our experience, we gives
the impression that I know the unseen, or that the jinn have given me
all the information about him. So, being ordinary people, they believe
our words and they begin to understand that we have knowledge of
the unseen, or that we are saints of high ranks who have come to
know everything about the patient. And if an intelligent person comes
and examines our words, we do not talk more to him, but we get rid
of him so that our fame is not reduced to dust, and the money that
will earn does not stop; since this serves as big shop for us to make
money, which has a lot to offer and costs virtually nothing.

As far as the words of this amulet maker are concerned, this is what
he said, according to me there is some truth in his words. Take
advantage of what he said and save yourselves from being deceived.
And Allah knows best!

(1) Legitimate amulet of Qur'an and Hadith

It is important that the amulet is intended to alleviate people's

distress, and if the amulet is intended to harass someone, or to cause
hatred between wife and husband, or to increase hatred between
relatives, then such an amulet is not permissible, it would be a grave
sin.

The amulet should contain words from which only help has been
sought from Allah, rather it is better than it has words from which the
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 443

Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬gave amulets, it will be more effective they it contains

the words of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and by doing so one will be rewarded.

‫ َﻋ ْﻦ‬2

ْ ََ ْ َ ََ َ ٌ َ َ َ َ
َ‫ َﻓ َﻘﺎل‬. ‫اﺷ َﺘ َﻜ ْﻴ ُﺖ‬ َ ْ ََ ََ ٌ ََ ََ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ
‫ ﻳﺎ أﺑﺎ ﺣﻤﺰة‬:‫ﺲ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺛ ِﺎﺑﺖ‬
ِ ‫َﻋﻦ َﻋﺒ ِﺪ َاﻟﻌ ِﺰ ِﺰ ﻗﺎل دﺧﻠﺖ أﻧﺎ وﺛ ِﺎﺑﺖ ﻋ أ‬
ْ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل "اﻟﻠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ َر ﱠب ﱠ‬ َ َ
َ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ﺎل َﺑ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺲ أ َﻓ َﻼ أ ْ ﻗ‬
ُ ‫ﻴﻚ ﺑ ُﺮ ْﻗ َﻴﺔ َر‬ َ
‫ﺎس ُﻣﺬ ِ َﺐ‬ ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬ ‫ل‬ ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ ِ َ ِ ‫ر‬ ٌ ‫أ‬
َ َ َ
ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫اﺷﻒ أ ْﻧ َﺖ ﱠ‬ ْ ْ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫اﻟﺸﺎ ِ ﻻ ﺷﺎ ِ َ ِإﻻ أﻧ َﺖ ِﺷ َﻔ ًﺎء ﻻ ُ ﻐ ِﺎد ُر َﺳ َﻘ ًﻤﺎ‬ ِ ‫ﺎس‬
َ
ِ ‫اﻟﺒ‬
(5742 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1014 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب رﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻨ ﷺ‬

Hadhrat Abdul-Aziz said: I and Thabit I entered upon Anas bin Malik,
and Thabit said: 'O Abu Hamzah! I am suffering from an illness. So
Anas said: 'Shall I not recite the Ruqyah of the Messenger of Allah over
you?' He said: 'Why, yes.' He said: 'O Allah! Lord of mankind, removed
the harm, and cure (him). Indeed You are the One Who cures, there
is none who cures except you, a cure that leaves no disease.'" (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tib, Bab Ruqiya al-Nabi, p. 1014, No. 5742)

It is stated in this hadith that it is only Allah Almighty who is the

Healer, so one should seek help only from Him.

There are Two Ways to Make Amulet

(1) One is to recite the words of the amulet and blow on the patient,
it is permissible, because the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬recited the words on
the patient and blew on him.

(2) The second is to write the words of the amulet on a piece of paper
and hang it around the neck or on the arms. This is not a good, as we
shall discuss it in detail.
444 | Samarat al-Aqaid

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Has Recited the Words of the Amulet and

Blown on the Patient

Here are some hadiths:

ٌ ‫اﺷ َﺘ َ ﻰ ﻣ ﱠﻨﺎ إ ْ َﺴ‬

ْ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن َﻣ َ َ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻴ ِﻤ ِﻴﻨ ِﮫ‬ ِ ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ذ‬‫إ‬ِ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺎن رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬3
‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻠ‬
َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
‫اﺷﻒ أ ْﻧ َﺖ ﱠ‬ ْ َ ‫َْ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ َْ َ َ ‫ُﱠ‬
." ‫اﻟﺸﺎ ِ ﻻ ِﺷ َﻔ َﺎء ِإﻻ ِﺷ َﻔﺎؤ َك ِﺷ َﻔ ًﺎء ﻻ ُ ﻐ ِﺎد ُر َﺳ َﻘ ًﻤﺎ‬ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ﺎس‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ب‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎس‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻗﺎل " أ‬
‫ذ‬
(5707/2191 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،972 ،‫ ﺑﺎب اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب رﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺮ ﺾ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported: When any person amongst us fell ill,
Allah's Messenger (may peace he upon him) used to rub him with his
right band and then say: O Lord of the people, grant him health, heal
him, for Thou art a Greet Healer. There is no healere, but with Your
healing Power one is healed and illness is removed.” (Sahih Muslim,
Kitab-ul-Salam, p. 972, No. 2191/5707)
َ ْ َ َ َ َ ََ ََ ََ ٌ ََ ََ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒﺪ ْاﻟ‬4
.‫ﺎل ﺛ ِﺎﺑ ٌﺖ َﻳﺎ أ َﺑﺎ َﺣ ْﻤ َﺰة اﺷ َﺘﻜ ْﻴ ُﺖ‬ ‫ﺲ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ ﻓﻘ‬ِ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ،‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺎﺑ‬
ِ ‫ﺛ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﺰ‬ ‫ﻌ‬
ِ ِ َِ َ َ
ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
َ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ﺎل َﺑ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﻴﻚ ﺑ ُﺮﻗ َﻴ ِﺔ َر ُﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬ ْ َ ‫ﺲ أ َﻻ أ ْ ﻗ‬ ٌ َ ‫ﺎل أ‬َ ‫َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎس ُﻣﺬ ِ َﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ب‬‫ﺎل " اﻟﻠ ُ ﱠﻢ َر ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ‫ر‬
ِ
ً َ َ ُ َ ُ َ ً َ َ ْ َ ‫ْ َ ْ َ ﱠِ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ْاﻟ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب رﻗﯿﺔ اﻟﻨ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎری‬.‫ ِﺷﻔﺎء ﻻ ﻐ ِﺎدر ﺳﻘﻤﺎ‬،‫ﺎس اﺷ ِﻒ أﻧﺖ اﻟﺸﺎ ِ ﻻ ﺷﺎ ِ ِإﻻ أﻧﺖ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬
(5742 :‫ اﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬،1014 ‫ ص‬،‫ﷺ‬

Hadhrat Abdul-Aziz said: I and Thabit I entered upon Anas bin Malik,
and Thabit said: 'O Abu Hamzah! I am suffering from an illness. So
Anas said: 'Shall I not recite the Ruqyah of the Messenger of Allah over
you?' He said: 'Why, yes.' He said: 'O Allah! Lord of mankind, removed
the harm, and cure (him). Indeed You are the One Who cures, there
is none who cures except you, a cure that leaves no disease.'" (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tib, Bab Ruqiya al-Nabi, p. 1014, No. 5742)

The following hadith is the proof that he used to blow after reciting
the verse:
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 445

ْ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َﺳ ﱠﻠ َﻢ َﺧ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫َ ْ َ ّ َ َ ﱠ ُ َْ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ َﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ )اﺑﻦ‬.‫اﻟﺪ َو ِاء اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ ُآن‬ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ ِ ٍ ر ِ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬5
(3533 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،509 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻻﺳ ﺸﻔﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮآن‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat ‘Ali (raz) that the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: “The best remedy is the Qur’an.” (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Tib, Bab al-
Istishafa bi al-Qur'an, p. 509, No. 3533)

‫ض‬ َ ‫ﺎن َﻳ ْﻨ ُﻔ ُﺚ َﻋ َ َﻧ ْﻔ ِﺴ ِﮫ ْاﻟ َﻤ‬

‫ﺮ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ـ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬6
َ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
ََّ ُ ْ َ ‫ﱠاﻟﺬي َﻣ‬
(5751 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1015 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ات‬ ‫ذ‬
ِ ِ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻴﮫ‬
ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺎت‬ ِ

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) narrated: “During the Prophet's fatal illness, he

used to recite the Mu'auwidhat (Surat An-Nas and Surat Al- Falaq) and
then blow his breath over his body.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tib, p.
1015, No. 5751)
ْ‫ﱡ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.‫اﻟﺮﻗ َﻴ ِﺔ‬
ُ َْ َ َ
‫ﺚ‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺎن‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬7
‫اﻟﻨ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
(3528 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،508 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب اﻻﺳ ﺸﻔﺎء ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮآن‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat ‘Aishah that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬used to

blow when performing Ruqyah. (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Tib, Bab al-
Istishafa bi al-Qur'an, p. 508, No. 3528)

Three things were known from these hadiths:

(1) First is that it is permissible to make amulets with the words of a

verse and hadith.

(2) Second is to seek help only from Allah in amulets, He alone is the
Healer, it is not permissible to seek healing from anyone else,
sometimes it leads to shirk.

(3) And the third is that it is permissible to recite words and blow.
446 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Supplication in Hadith to Remove Madness

After reciting these following verses, the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬blew on

the patient and he was recovered. Here is the hadith:

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫ﺎل ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ َﺟﺎﻟ ًﺴﺎ ﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ﱠ‬

ِ ِ َ ‫ َﻗ‬، َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑ ِﻴﮫ َأ ﻲ َﻟ ْﻴ‬، َ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤﻦ ْﺑﻦ َأ ﻲ َﻟ ْﻴ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ ﱠ‬8
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ َ َ ٌ ََ َ َ َ َ َُ َ َ َ َ ً َ ً َ ‫ْ َ َُ َ َْ ﱞ ََ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل " اذ َ ْﺐ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎل ِﺑ ِﮫ ﻟﻤﻢ‬. " ‫ ﻗﺎل " ﻣﺎ وﺟﻊ أ ِﺧﻴﻚ‬. ‫وﺳﻠﻢ ـ ِإذ ﺟﺎءﻩ أﻋﺮا ِ ﻲ ﻓﻘﺎل ِإن ِ أﺧﺎ و ِﺟﻌﺎ‬
‫ﺎت ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ َ
‫آﻳ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ َ‫ﺎل َﻓ َﺬ َ َﺐ َﻓ َﺠ َﺎء ﺑﮫ َﻓ َﺄ ْﺟ َﻠ َﺴ ُﮫ َﺑ ْ َن َﻳ َﺪ ْﻳﮫ َﻓ َﺴﻤ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُﮫ َﻋ ﱠﻮ َذ ُﻩ ﺑ َﻔﺎﺗ َﺤﺔ ْاﻟﻜ َﺘﺎب َو َأ ْر‬ َ َ
‫ﻗ‬ . " ‫ﮫ‬
َْ
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِِ ‫ﻓ‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺄ‬
َ َ َ َ ّ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ٌ َ ٌ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ‫َ ﱠل‬
‫ﺎت ِﻣ ْﻦ ﺧ ِﺎﺗ َﻤ ِﺘ َﻬﺎ َو َآﻳ ٍﺔ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِآل‬ َ
ٍ ِ ‫أو ِ اﻟﺒﻘﺮ ِة وآﻳﺘ ِن ِﻣﻦ وﺳ ِﻄﻬﺎ و ِ ﻟﻬﻜﻢ ِإﻟﮫ و ِاﺣﺪ وآﻳ ِﺔ اﻟﻜﺮ ِ ِ وﺛ‬
‫آﻳ‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ﻼ‬
َ}‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﱠاﻟﺬي َﺧ َﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﱠ َﱠ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ‫ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َﱠ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫اف { ِإن ر ﻜﻢ‬ ِ ‫ وآﻳ ٍﺔ ِﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﺮ‬- }‫ أﺣ ِﺴﺒﮫ ﻗﺎل {ﺷ ِﻬﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ أﻧﮫ ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ‬- ‫ِﻋﻤﺮان‬
َ َ َ ْ َ َ ََُْ ََ ً ‫ََ َ َ َ ُْْ َ ََ ْ َْ ُ ََ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن ﻟ ُﮫ ِﺑ ِﮫ} َو َآﻳ ٍﺔ ِﻣ َﻦ ا ِ ِ ّﻦ { َوأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻌﺎ َﺟ ﱡﺪ‬ ‫اﻵﻳﺔ وآﻳ ٍﺔ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ن {وﻣﻦ ﻳﺪع ﻣﻊ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإﻟﻬﺎ آﺧﺮ ﻻ ﺑﺮ‬
ُ ْ ْ َ َ ‫ْ َ ﱠل ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺻﺎﺣ َﺒ ًﺔ َو َﻻ َو َﻟ ًﺪا} َو َﻋ ْﺸﺮ‬ َ َ َ ‫َّ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت ِﻣ ْﻦ ِآﺧ ِﺮ ا َ ﺸ ِﺮ َو {ﻗ ْﻞ‬ ٍ ‫ﺎت َوﺛﻼ ِث َآﻳ‬ ِ ‫ﺎﻓ‬ ‫ﻟﺼ‬ ‫ا‬ ِ ‫و‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ِ ‫ﺎت‬
ٍ ‫آﻳ‬ ِ ِ ‫ِرِ ﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ اﺗﺨﺬ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬. ‫س‬ ٌ ‫ﺲ ﺑ ِﮫ َﺑ ْﺄ‬ َ ْ ‫اﻷ ْﻋ َﺮا ﱡﻲ َﻗ ْﺪ َﺑ َ َﺮأ َﻟ‬
َ َ َ َ ََْ ّ َ ُ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ ‫ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻘﺎم‬. ‫ﻮ اﻟﻠﮫ أﺣﺪ} واﻟﻤﻌ ِﻮذﺗ ِن‬
ِ ِ
(3549 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،511 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻟﻔﺰع و اﻻرق و ﻣﺎ ﯾﺘﻌﻮذ ﺑ ﻣﻨ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat ‘Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Laila that his
father Abu Laila said: “I was sitting with the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬when a
Bedouin came to him and said: ‘I have a brother who is sick.’ He said:
‘What is the matter with your brother?’ He said: ‘He suffers from a
slight mental derangement.’ He said: ‘Go and bring him.’” He said:
“(So he went) and he brought him. He made him sit down in front of
him and I heard him seeking refuge for him with Fatihatil-Kitab; four
Verses from the beginning of Al-Baqarah, two Verses from its middle:
‘And your Ilah (God) is One Ilah (God – Allah),’ [2:163] and Ayat Al-
Kursi; and three Verses from its end; a Verse from Al ‘Imran, I think it
was: ‘Allah bears witness that La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to
be worshipped but He),’ [3:18] a Verse from Al-A’raf: ‘Indeed, your
Lord is Allah,’ [7:54] a Verse from Al-Mu’minun: ‘And whoever invokes
(or worships), besides Allah, any other ilah (god), of whom he has no
proof,’[23:117] a Verse from Al-Jinn: ‘And He, exalted is the Majesty
of our Lord,’ [72:3] ten Verses from the beginning of As-Saffat; three
Verses from the end of Al-Hashr; (then) ‘Say: He is Allah, (the) One,’
[112:1] and Al-Mu’awwidhatain. Then the Bedouin stood up, healed,
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 447

and there was nothing wrong with him.” (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Tib, p.
511, No. 3549)

It is in this hadith that the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬treated the insane person
by reciting so many verses, and he was cured.

This is a fact, but nowadays there are a lot of cunning persons who
rob people in the name of treating insanity, you should be beware of
them.

(2) To write a Verse or a Hadith and Hang it Around Neck

The Arab used to make necklace from thread and hang it around the
neck of the sick, and sometimes they used to ask for help from the
Jinn, Satan and ghosts besides Allah. This was called tamima and the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬regarded it shirk to hang.

It is mentioned in a hadith:
ََ ّ َ َ َ‫َُ ُ ﱠ ﱡَ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺘ َﻮﻟﺔ‬
ِ ‫ﺎل ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ َرﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮل " ِإن اﻟﺮ واﻟﺘﻤ ِﺎﺋﻢ و‬‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬8
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬3883 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،552 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻌﻠﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻤﺎﺋﻢ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ِﺷ ْﺮ ٌك‬
(3530 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،508 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻌﻠﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻤﺎﺋﻢ‬،‫اﻟﻄﺐ‬

Hadhrat Abdullah ibn Mas'ud (raz) said: “I heard the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬saying: spells, charms and love-potions are polytheism.”
(Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Tib, p. 552, No. 3883; Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Tib,
p. 508, No. 3530)

‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ ا ﻬ أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ أﻗﺒﻞ إﻟﯿ ر ﻂ ﻓﺒﺎ ﻊ ﺴﻌﺔ و أﻣﺴﮏ ﻋﻦ واﺣﺪ‬9
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮا ﯾﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﺑﺎ ﻌﺖ و ﺗﺮﮐﺖ ﺬا؟ ﻗﺎل إن ﻋﻠﯿ ﺗﻤﯿﻤﺔ ﻓﺄدﺧﻞ ﯾﺪە ﻓﻘﻌ ﺎ ﻓﺒﺎ ﻌ وﻗﺎل ﻣﻦ‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،156 ‫ ص‬،5 ‫ ج‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ ا‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫ﻋﻠﻖ ﺗﻤﯿﻤﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ أﺷﺮک‬
(16969
448 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Aqaba ibn Amir al-Juhani

(raz) said: “A group came to the the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬, he
accepted allegiance of nine men and did not accept allegiance of one,
so the people asked, O Messenger of Allah, you accepted allegiance
of all of them and left this one! He said, "There is an amulet hanging
on him." The man inserted his hand and took out the necklace. The
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, one who hanged amulet indeed he committed
polytheism.” (Musnad Ahmad, Chapter Hadith of Aqaba Ibn Amir Al-
Jahni, Volume 2, Page 3, Number 3)

It is narrated in this hadith that whoever hangs an amulet is a

polytheist.

‫َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ ْ ‫َﱠ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َُ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ َوا ﱡﻟﺮ ِإﻻ‬... ‫ﺎن ﻧ ِ ﱡ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳﻜ َﺮ ُﻩ َﻋﺸ َﺮ ِﺧﻼ ٍل‬ ‫ ﺎن ﻳﻘﻮل‬،‫ﻮد‬
ٍ ‫ أن اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌ‬10
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،592 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﺧﺎﺗﻢ اﻟﺬ ﺐ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺎﺗﻢ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫اﻟﺘ َﻤﺎ ِﺋ ِﻢ‬ ‫ﺑ ْﺎﻟ ُﻤ َﻌ ّﻮ َذات َو َﻋ ْﻘ َﺪ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ
(4222

Hadhrat Abdullah ibn Mas'ud: “The Prophet of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬disliked ten

things: using spells except with the Mu'awwidhatan, wearing
amulets…” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Khatam, Bab Ma Jaa Fi Khatam al-
Dhahab, p. 592, No. 4222)

It is Highest Degree of Piety not to Hang Amulet

Here is the hadith:

‫ َﻋ ْﻦ‬11

ْ ‫ﺎل " َﻳ ْﺪ ُﺧ ُﻞ ا ْ َ ﱠﻨ َﺔ ﻣ ْﻦ ُأ ﱠﻣ َﺳ ْﺒ ُﻌﻮ َن َأ ْﻟ ًﻔﺎ َﻐ‬

َ َ ‫َ ْ َﱠ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ﺎس أن رﺳﻮل‬
‫ﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ٍ ‫ﻋ ِﻦ اﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ‬
َ ُ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ ُ ُﻢ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬،‫ﺣ َﺴﺎب‬
َ ُ ‫ َو َﻻ َﻳ َﺘﻄ ﱠ‬،‫ﻳﻦ َﻻ َ ْﺴ َ ْ ُﻗﻮ َن‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ َو َﻋ َرِّ ِﻬ ْﻢ َﻳ َﺘ َﻮ ﻠﻮن‬،‫ون‬ ِ ٍ ِ
(5752 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1016 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻟﻢ ﯾﺮق‬
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 449

Hadhrat Ibn `Abbas (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,

"Seventy thousand people of my followers will enter Paradise without
accounts, and they are those who do not practice Ar-Ruqya and do
not see an evil omen in things, and put their trust in their Lord.” (Sahih
al-Bukhari, p. 1016, No. 5752)

The following verse commands that one should rely on Allah alone:

ْ َ َ ْ ‫َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ُ ْ َْ ُ ُ ﱡ ُ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ض و ِ ﻟﻴ ِﮫ ﻳﺮﺟﻊ اﻷﻣﺮ ﻠﮫ ﻓﺎﻋﺒﺪﻩ وﺗﻮ ﻞ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ] ﻮد‬ ِ ‫ات واﻷر‬
ِ ‫ وِﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻏﻴﺐ اﻟﺴﻤﺎو‬2
[11:123

“To Allah belong the secrets of the heavens and the earth, and to Him
the entire matter shall be returned. So worship Him and have trust in
Him.” [11:123]

In this verse and hadith, it is advised not to do amulets, and it is better

to trust in Allah. The fact is that nowadays the amulet makers make
fool of people and rob them.

Hanging Amulet Occasionally to Satisfy Himself is Allowable

The hadith forbids the hanging of amulets, but the words and deeds
of the Sahabah and Tabi'in show some scope for it, so they did it
occasionally, and relied on Allah believing that nothing happens with
amulets and it is only Allah who does it, then it is allowable as it
satisfies the heart.

This is the practice of a Sahabi in hanging amulets:

َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ
‫ﺎل " ِإذا‬ ‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺟ ِّﺪ ِﻩ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِﺑ ِﻴﮫ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﻤ ِﺮو ْﺑ ِﻦ ﺷ َﻌ ْﻴ ٍﺐ‬12
َ ‫ﻀﺒﮫ َوﻋ َﻘﺎﺑﮫ َو َﺷ ّﺮ ﻋ َﺒﺎدﻩ َوﻣ ْﻦ َ َﻤ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺘ ﱠﺎﻣﺔ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻏ‬
‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﱠ‬‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ ُ َ ْ ََُْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ ُُ َ َ َ َ
‫ات‬ ِ ‫ﺰ‬ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ‫ﺎت‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻮذ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫م‬ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ِ َ ‫ﻓ ِﺰع أﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻛ‬
َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎل َو‬ ُ ‫ َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧ َﻬﺎ َﻟ ْﻦ َﺗ‬. ‫ﻀ ُﺮون‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬. " ‫ﻀ ﱠﺮ ُﻩ‬
‫ﺎن َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ْﻤ ٍﺮو ُﻳﻠ ّ ِﻘ ُﻨ َﻬﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ َﺑﻠ َﻎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َوﻟ ِﺪ ِﻩ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﺸ َﻴﺎﻃ ن َوأ ْن َﻳ ْﺤ‬
450 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫َ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب دﻋﺎء‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺪﻋﻮات‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ﺻ ٍّﻚ ﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻋﻠ َﻘ َﻬﺎ ِ ُﻋ ُﻨ ِﻘ ِﮫ‬ ‫َو َﻣ ْﻦ ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺒﻠ ْﻎ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﻬ ْﻢ ﻛ َﺘ َﺒ َﻬ ِﺎ‬
(3528 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،804 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻔﺰع ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻮم‬

`Amr bin Shu`aib narrated from his father, from his grandfather, that
the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “When one of you becomes
frightened during sleep, then let him say: ‘I seek refuge in Allah’s
Perfect Words from His anger, His punishment, and the evil of His
creatures, from the whisperings of the Shayatin, and that they should
come (A`ūdhu bikalimātillāhit-tāmmati min ghaḍabihī wa `iqābihī wa
sharri `ibādih, wa min hamazātish-shayāṭīni wa an yaḥḍurūn).’ For
verily, they shall not harm him.” He said: “So `Abdullah bin `Amr used
to teach it to those of his children who attained maturity, and those
of them who did not, he would write it on a sheet and then hang it
around his neck.” (Tirmidhi Sharif, Kitab al-Dawaat, Bab Duaa al-Faza
'min al-Naum, p. 804, No. 3528)

It is also narrated about a Tabi’i:

‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬، 5 ‫ ج‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬.‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻄﺎء ﻗﺎل ﻻ ﺑﺄس أن ﻌﻠﻖ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬13
(23550/23540 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،43 ‫ ص‬،‫رﺧﺺ ﻌﻠﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻌﺎو ﺬ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Atta, he said, "There is no harm in

hanging something from the Qur'an as an amulet.” (Musannaf Ibn Abi
Shaybah, The Book of Medicine, Part 5, p. 43, No. 23540/23550)

‫ ﻋﻦ اﻟ ﺎک ﻟﻢ ﯾﮑﻦ ﺑﺄﺳﺎ أن ﻌﻠﻖ اﻟﺮﺟﻞ اﻟ ء ﻣﻦ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻠ إذا وﺿﻌ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻐﺴﻞ و‬14
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ رﺧﺺ ﻌﻠﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻌﺎو ﺬ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬، 5 ‫ ج‬،‫ )ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬.‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﻂ‬
(23552/23542 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،43

Hadhrat Zahhak says: “There is no harm for a person to hang

something from the Qur'an on the string of an amulet, provided that
he takes it out at the time of Ghusl and at the time of going to toilet.”
(Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, The Book of Medicine, Part 5, p. 43, No.
23542/23552)
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 451

. ‫ ﻓﺮﺧﺺ ﻓﯿ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﯾﻮ ﺲ ﺑﻦ ﺧﺒﺎب ﻗﺎل ﺳﺄﻟﺖ أﺑﺎ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﻮ ﺬ ﻌﻠﻖ ﻋ اﻟﺼ ﯿﺎن‬15
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،43 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ رﺧﺺ ﻌﻠﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻌﺎو ﺬ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬، 5 ‫ ج‬،‫)ﻣﺼﻨﻒ اﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺷ ﺒﺔ‬
(23551

It is narrated on the authority of Yunus ibn Khabab, he said: “I asked

Hadhrat Abu Ja'far (raz) about the amulets that are hung on children,
so he allowed it.” (Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, The Book of Medicine,
Part 5, p. 43, No. 23551)

It is forbidden to hang an amulet, but it is permissible to recite and

blow it. It is known from the statement of Tabi’i mentioned above that
there is little room for amulets, but one should not make it a
profession.

Receiving Compensation is Also Allowable to some Extent

This is a hadith for it:

ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎب َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﺎﻧﻮا‬ َ ْ ‫ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ‬،‫ﺎﺳﺎ‬ ً ‫ َأ ﱠن َﻧ‬،‫ﻴﺪ ا ْ ُ ْﺪر ّي‬ ‫ﻌ‬ َ
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
َ ْ َ
‫أ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ‬16
ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
َ ُ َ َ َ
‫ َﻓﺄ َﺗ ُﺎﻩ َﻓ َﺮ َﻗ ُﺎﻩ ﺑ َﻔﺎ ِﺗ َﺤ ِﺔ ْاﻟ ِﻜ َﺘﺎب َﻓ َ َ أ ﱠ‬... ‫َﺳ َﻔﺮ َﻓ َﻤ ﱡﺮوا ﺑ َ ّ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ْﺣ َﻴ ِﺎء ْاﻟ َﻌ َﺮب‬
ً ‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ُﻞ َﻓﺄ ْﻋﻄ َﻲ َﻗﻄ‬
‫ﻴﻌﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻏ َﻨ ٍﻢ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ٍ
ُْ َ َ ْ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﺟﻮاز أﺧﺬ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺎل " ﺧﺬوا ِﻣﻨ ُﻬ ْﻢ َواﺿ ِﺮُ ﻮا ِ ِ ﺴﻬ ٍﻢ ﻣﻌﻜﻢ‬ ْ ْ ُ ُ َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻗ‬...
َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬5733/2201 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،975 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻷﺟﺮة ﻋ اﻟﺮﻗﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮآن و اﻷذ ﺎر‬
(5736 ‫ رﻗﺔ‬،1013 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب اﻟﺮ ﺑﻔﺎﺗﺤﺔ اﻟﮑﺘﺎب‬

Hadhrat Abu Sa'id Khudri (raz) reported that some persons amongst
the Companions of Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬set out on a journey and
they happened to pass by a tribe from the tribes of Arabia... So he
came to him and he practised incantation with the help of Surah al-
Fatiha and the person became all right. He was given a flock of sheep
(as recompense)… He said: Take out of that and allocate a share for
me along with your share.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Salam, p. 975, No.
733/2201; Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tibb, p. 1013, Raqqa 5736)
452 | Samarat al-Aqaid

From this hadith it is known that taking a small amount of money for
an amulet on some occasions is permissible.

But One Should not Make a Profession

There are some hadiths for this:

َ ََ َ ْ ْ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ً ‫ﺎل َﻋ ﱠﻠ ْﻤ ُﺖ َﻧ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﺼ ِﺎﻣ ِﺖ‬
‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻋ َﺒ َﺎد َة ْﺑﻦ ﱠ‬17
‫اﻟﺼ ﱠﻔ ِﺔ اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ َآن َواﻟ ِﻜ َﺘ َﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﺄ ْ َﺪى ِإ ﱠ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ‬ ‫ﺎﺳﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ْ ِﻞ‬
‫ﱠ َ َ َْ ُ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ِ َ ُ ْ ُ َ ً ْ َ ْ ُ ْ
‫ِﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻗﻮﺳﺎ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ ﻟ ﺴﺖ ِﺑﻤ ٍﺎل وأر ِﻣﻲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ِ ﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﺖ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
ْ ْ َ َ ً َ َ َ ُ َ َ ‫ـ َﻋ ْﻨ َﻬﺎ َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﺠﺎرات‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ﺎل " ِإ ْن َﺳ ﱠﺮ َك أ ْن ﺗﻄ ﱠﻮق ِﺑ َﻬﺎ ﻃ ْﻮﻗﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ٍﺎر ﻓﺎﻗ َﺒﻠ َﻬﺎ‬
(2157 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،310 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻷﺟﺮ ﻋ ﻌﻠﯿﻢ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat 'Ubadah bin Samit (raz) said: "I taught
people from Ahtus-Suffah" Qur'an and how to write, and one of them
gave me a bow. I said: 'It is not money, and I can shoot (with it) for
the sake of Allah., I asked the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬about it and he
said: 'If it would please you to have a necklace of fire placed around
your neck, then accept it.'" (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Tijarat, Bab al-Ajr ala
Taleem al-Quran, p. 310, No. 2157)
‫ﱠ‬ َ َََ َ َ ََ ْ ً ‫َ ْ َُ ّ ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َﻋﻠ ْﻤ ُﺖ َر ُﺟﻼ اﻟ ُﻘ ْﺮ َآن ﻓﺄ ْ َﺪى ِإ ﱠ ﻗ ْﻮ ًﺳﺎ ﻓﺬﻛ ْﺮ ُت ذ ِﻟ َﻚ ِﻟ َﺮ ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ‬‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِﻰ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻛﻌ ٍﺐ‬18
ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻓ َﻘ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﺠﺎرات‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.‫ﺎل " ِإ ْن أﺧﺬﺗ َﻬﺎ أﺧﺬ َت ﻗ ْﻮ ًﺳﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ٍﺎر " ﻓ َﺮ َد ْدﺗ َﻬﺎ‬
(2158 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،310 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب اﻷﺟﺮ ﻋ ﻌﻠﯿﻢ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Ubayy bin Ka'b said: "I taught a man
the Qur'an, and he gave me a bow. I mentioned that to the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬and he said: 'If you accept it you will be
accepting a bow of fire.' So I returned it." (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Tijarat,
Bab al-Ajr ala Taleem al-Quran, p. 310, No. 2158)

It means that taking an arrow in exchange for teaching the Qur'an is

like taking fire, so it is not right to make amulets an earning source.
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 453

It is Permissible to Use Medicine

It is Sunnah to take medicine for treatment of a disease:

ُ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ‫َﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل " ِﻟ ِ ّﻞ َد ٍاء َد َو ٌاء ﻓ ِﺈذا أ ِﺻ َﺐ َد َو ُاء‬‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ أﻧﮫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺟ ِﺎﺑ ٍﺮ‬19
‫َ ْ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻟ ﻞ داء دواء و اﺳﺘﺤﺒﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫اﻟﺪ ِاء َﺑ َﺮأ ِﺑ ِﺈذ ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﻋ ﱠﺰ َو َﺟ ﱠﻞ‬
(5741/2204 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،977 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺘﺪاوي‬

Hadhrat Jabir (raz) reported Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying: “There

is a remedy for every malady, and when the remedy is applied to the
disease it is cured with the permission of Allah, the Exalted and
Glorious.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul-Salam, p. 977, No. 2204/5741)

(2) It is Haraam to Seek Help in Amulets from Other than Allah

(3) It is Haraam to Use Ambiguous Words in Amulets

In amulets or mantras, words are used whose meaning is not known,

maybe help was sought from other Allah in it, therefore it is not
permissible, because it is not permissible to seek help from other than
Allah.

The Non-Muslims who perform jantar and mantras, usually seek help
from their gods and goddess, and they contain polytheistic words, so
one must avoid jantar, mantra based amulets.

The hadith forbids both of these things:

َ ْ َ ‫ْ َ ﱠ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َل ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﻒ َﺗ‬ ْ ‫ﺎل ُﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ َﻧ‬ َ
َ ‫ َﻗ‬، ّ ِ َ ْ ‫اﻷ‬
ِ ‫ى‬‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ِ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﻘ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻠ‬ِ ِ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ا‬ ِ ِ ‫ﺮ‬ ِ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋ ْﻮ ِف ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ‬20
ُ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ََ ﱠ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َْ َ ﱡ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺎﻟﺮ َﻣﺎ ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳﻜ ْﻦ ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ ِﺷ ْﺮ ٌك‬ ‫ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺎل "اﻋ ِﺮﺿﻮا ﻋ رﻗﺎﻛﻢ ﻻ ﺑﺄس ِﺑ‬
(5732/2200 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،975 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻻ ﺑﺄس ﺑﺎﻟﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﯾﮑﻦ ﻓﯿ ﺷﺮک‬،‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬

Hadhrat Auf b. Malik Ashja'i (raz) reported: We practised incantation

in the pre-Islamic days and we said: Allah's Messenger! What is your
454 | Samarat al-Aqaid

opinion about it? He said: Let me know your incantation and said:
There is no harm in the incantation which does not smack of
polytheism.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul-Salam, p. 975, No. 2200/5732)

It is clear from this hadith that it is not permissible to blow with

polytheistic words. Yes, if help has been sought from Allah, then there
is no harm in reciting and bowing.

(4) Evil Eye

It is true that evil eye catches one and causes him harm.

The man who casts the evil eye, he has no choice; it catches
automatically, so he should not be blamed, because he is not at fault.

Therefore, the man whose eye catches often should say ma-sha'Allah
when he sees something strange.

The cure for evil eye is to give ghusl to the one who eye caused it, and
the bath water should be poured on the patient, then it will eliminate
effect of evil eye.

Here is the hadith:

‫ﻴﺢ‬
ْ َ َ
) .‫ﺎل " اﻟ َﻌ ْ ُن َﺣ ﱞﻖ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬21
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬ ِ ِ
(5740 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1014 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻌ ن ﺣﻖ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "The
effect of an evil eye is a fact." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tib, Bab al-
Ain Haq, p. 1014, No. 5740)
ْ َ َ َ ْ ََ ‫َ َ ْ َْ ُ َ ﱞ‬
‫ﺎن ْ ٌء َﺳ َﺎﺑ َﻖ اﻟ َﻘ َﺪ َر‬ ‫ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬22
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل " اﻟﻌ ن ﺣﻖ وﻟﻮ‬ ِ ٍ ِ ِ
ُ ْ َ ْ ُْ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ُ َْ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻄﺐ و اﻟﻤﺮض و‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺳﺒﻘﺘﮫ اﻟﻌ ن و ِ ذا اﺳﺘﻐ ِﺴﻠﺘﻢ ﻓﺎﻏ ِﺴﻠﻮا‬
(5702/2188 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،971 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻟﺮ‬
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 455

Hadhrat Ibn 'Abbas (raz) reported that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

“The influence of an evil eye is a fact; if anything would precede the
destiny it would be the influence of an evil eye, and when you are
asked to take bath (as a cure) from the influence of an evil eye, you
should take bath.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul-Salam, p. 971, No.
2188/5702)

According to the hadith, if a person whose eye caused harm is asked

to do ghusl, he should do it.

(5) It is Haraam to do Magic

This is the verse for him

َ ْ ّ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ن‬َ ُ َّ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ َْ َ ُ ََ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬...‫ﺎﻃ ن ﻛﻔﺮوا ﻌ ِﻠﻤﻮ اﻟﻨﺎس اﻟ ِ ﺮ‬ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ ﻛﻔﺮ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎن وﻟ ِﻜﻦ اﻟﺸﻴ‬3
[2:102

“and it was not Sulaiman who became an infidel, but the devils did
become infidels, teaching people magic,” [2:102]

In this verse it is said that practicing magic is disbelief.

َ ‫ ِﻗ‬."‫ﺎت‬ َ ُْ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ‫اﺟ‬

ْ " ‫ﺎل‬
َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻘ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻊ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫اﻟﺴ‬ ‫ﻮا‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﮫ‬ِ ‫ أن رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬23
‫اﻟﻠ‬
ْ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ ُ َ ﱠ ََ ُ ﱠ َ َ ّ ْ ُ ﱠ َ ّ ْ ُ ََْ ُ ﱠْ ﱠ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬...‫ﺲ اﻟ ِ َﺣ ﱠﺮ َم اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِإﻻ ِﺑﺎ َ ّﻖ‬ ِ " ‫ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻣﺎ ﻦ ﻗﺎل‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺸﺮك ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ واﻟ ِ ﺮ وﻗﺘﻞ اﻟﻨﻔ‬
،458 ‫ ص‬، ‫ إن اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﺄ ﻠﻮن أﻣﻮال اﻟﯿﺘ ٰ ﻇﻠﻤﺎ ا‬: ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻠ ﻌﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻮﺻﺎﯾﺎ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
(262/89 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،53 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﮑﺒﺎﺋﺮ و أﮐ ﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬2766 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

It is reported on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) that the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Avoid the seven noxious things. It was
said (by the hearers): What are they, Messenger of Allah? He (the Holy
Prophet) replied: Associating anything with Allah, magic, killing of one
whom God has declared inviolate without a just cause…” (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Kitab al-Wasaya, p. 458, No. 2766; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-
Iman, Bab al-Kabayir wa Akbaruha, p. 53, No. 89/262)
456 | Samarat al-Aqaid

It is stated in this hadith that practicing magic is a major sin.

Magic is a Reality

This is mentioned in this verse

َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ
[20:66 ‫ ﻓ ِﺈذا ِﺣ َﺒﺎﻟ ُ ْﻢ َو ِﻋ ِﺼ ﱡ ُ ْﻢ ُﻳﺨ ﱠﻴ ُﻞ ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِ ْ ِﺮ ِ ْﻢ أ ﱠ َ ﺎ ْﺴ َ ]ﻃﮫ‬4

“Then, suddenly their ropes and sticks seemed to him, due to their
magic, as if they were running.” [20:66]

َ ‫ﺎن ُﻳ َﺨ ﱠﻴ ُﻞ إ َﻟ ْﻴﮫ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬

ْ‫ﺻ َﻨ َﻊ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َو َﻟﻢ‬ َ َ ‫ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬24
‫اﻟﻨ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ُ َﺮ َﺣ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
،529 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻌ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺬﻣﯽ إذا ﺮ‬ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻞ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺰ ﺔ و اﻟﻤﻮادﻋﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺼ َﻨ ْﻌ ُﮫ‬ ْ ‫َﻳ‬
(3175 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Ayisha (raz) narrated: “Once the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was bewitched

so that he began to imagine that he had done a thing which in fact he
had not done.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab Al-Jiziyah wa Al-Muwada'ah,
p. 529, No. 3175)
َ ُ َ ُ َْ ُ َ ُ َ ْ ‫َ ُ ﱞ‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻟ ُﮫ‬ ‫ﻮد ﺑ ِ زر ٍﻖ ﻳﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻮدي ِﻣﻦ ﻳﻬ‬ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ َﺮ َرﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻬ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬25
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ َﺣ ﱠ‬- ‫ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ‬- ‫ﺼﻢ‬ َ ُ ْ ُ َ
‫ﺎن َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ُﻳﺨ ﱠﻴ ُﻞ ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ أ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻳ ْﻔ َﻌ ُﻞ اﻟ ْ َء‬ ِ
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻋ‬ ‫ﻟ ِﺒﻴﺪ ﺑﻦ‬
ُ
(5703/2189 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،971 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺮ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫َو َﻣﺎ َﻳ ْﻔ َﻌﻠ ُﮫ‬

Hadhrat A'yisha (raz) reported that a Jew from among the Jews of
Banu Zuraiq who was called Labid b. al-A'sam cast a spell upon Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬with the result that he (under the influence of the
spell) felt that he had been doing something whereas in fact he had
not been doing that. (Sahih Muslim, Kitab-ul-Salam, Bab al-Sahr, p.
971, No. 2189/5703)
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 457

This hadith shows that magic is a reality, and it had an effect on the
Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬too. But nowadays what every amulet maker claims
to be magic or jinn effect is often a lie.

(6) Arraf who Claims to Know the Unseen

Some people claim that they have knowledge of the unseen, and
some people do not say it clearly, but give the impression that they
have all the knowledge about the patient, such people are called Arraf
(gnostics).

It has often been observed that those who carry amulets and magic
shops try to give the impression to the visitors that they know
everything, and by talking in between, and they firmly ingrain in the
hearts of their patients that they really know the unseen. Therefore,
they start believing that he will cast out the magic and for that they
pay a good amount of money. In this age, these people are like Arraf
and one should not fall into their trap.

It is not Permissible to Believe the Words of Arraf

It is written in Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah:

‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬.‫ وﻻ ﻣﻦ ﯾﺪ ﺷ ﺌﺎ ﯾﺨﺎﻟﻒ اﻟﮑﺘﺎب واﻟﺴﻨﺔ و ﺟﻤﺎع اﻷﻣﺔ‬، ‫وﻻ ﻧﺼﺪق ﺎ ﻨﺎ وﻻ ﻋﺮاﻓﺎ‬

(21 ‫ ص‬،101 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬

We do not believe the words of the kahin and arraaf (who claim to tell
the news of the unseen) as well the words of one who claims
something which is against the Qur'an, the Hadith and the consensus
of the ummah.” (Al-Aqeedat al-Tahawiyyah, Aqeedah No. 101, p. 21)

Worships of Forty Days Are not Accepted by Going to Arraf

Here is the hadith:

458 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ َأ ْز َواج ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َ ْﻌﺾ‬،‫ﺻﻔ ﱠﻴ َﺔ‬َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ‬26
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ً َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ َِ ْ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ً ‫َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﻗﺎل " ﻣﻦ أ ﻰ ﻋﺮاﻓﺎ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﮫ ﻋﻦ ٍء ﻟﻢ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﻟﮫ ﺻﻼة أر ِﻌ ن ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬
(5821/2230 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،990 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ اﻟﮑﻬﺎﻧﺔ و إﺗﯿﺎن اﻟﮑﻬﺎن‬

Hadhrat Safiyya (raz) reported from some of the wives of Allah's

Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬that he said: “He who visits a diviner ('Arraaf) and asks
him about anything, his prayers extending to forty nights will not be
accepted.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Salam, Bab Tahrim al-Kahanat… p.
990, No. 2230/5821)
ُ ْ ً ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ُأ ُﻣ‬
ْ ‫ﻮرا ُﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ َﻧ‬
‫ﺼ َﻨ ُﻌ َﻬﺎ ِ ا َ ﺎ ِ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ ﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ‬
‫ﱡ َ ّ َ َ ُْ ُ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل‬، ِ ِ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣ َﻌ ِﺎو َ ﺔ ْﺑ ِﻦ ا َ ﻜ ِﻢ اﻟﺴﻠ‬27
َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ‫َْ ْ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ َ َ َُْ ْ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ُ ﱠ َ َ َﱠ‬
‫اك ْ ٌء َﻳ ِﺠ ُﺪ ُﻩ أ َﺣ ُﺪﻛ ْﻢ ِ ﻧ ْﻔ ِﺴ ِﮫ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل " ذ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺖ ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺘﻄ‬."‫ ﻗﺎل " ﻓﻼ ﺗﺄﺗﻮا اﻟﻜﻬﺎن‬. ‫ﻧﺄ ِ ﻲ اﻟﻜﻬﺎن‬
ُ ُ ََ َ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،989 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ اﻟﮑ ﺎﻧﺔ و إﺗﯿﺎن اﻟﮑ ﺎن‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺼ ﱠﺪ ﱠﻧﻜ ْﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﻳ‬
(5813/2227

Hadhrat Mu'awiya b. al-Hakam as-Sulami (raz) reported: “I said:

Messenger of Allah, there were things we used to do in the pre-
Islamic days. We used to visit Kahins, whereupon he said: Don't visit
Kahins. I said: We used to take omens. He said: That is a sort of
personal whim of yours, so let it not prevent you (from doing a
thing).” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Salam, Bab Tahrim al-Kahanat… p.
989, No. 2227/5813)

‫ ﻣﻦ أ ﯽ ﺎ ﻨﺎ أو ﻋﺮاﻓﺎ ﻓﺼﺪﻗ ﺑﻤﺎ ﯾﻘﻮل ﻓﻘﺪ‬:‫ و ا ﺴﻦ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬28

(9536 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،331 ‫ ص‬،15 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫ﮐﻔﺮ ﺑﻤﺎ أﻧﺰل ﻋ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Harirah (raz) and Al-

Hasan that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
said: “Whoever came to a kahin or arraaf (soothsayer who claim to
tell the news of the unseen) and believed what he said, then indeed
he denied what was revealed upon Muhammad.” (Musnad Ahmad,
Musnad Abi Hurairah, vol. 15, p. 331, No. 9536)
36 – What is the Ruling about Wearing an Amulet? | 459

According to this hadith, if one goes to a soothsayer or arraf and

believes his words, then he will become a kafir.

There are many amulet makers today that claim the unseen like
priests and mystics, and people believe their words, now tell me what
will happen to their faith. Therefore, this must be avoided.
َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ُ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ َ ُ َل ﱠ ﱠ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن ﺎﻧﻮا ُﻳ َﺤ ِّﺪﺛﻮﻧ َﻨﺎ ِﺑﺎﻟ ْ ِء ﻓ َﻨ ِﺠ ُﺪ ُﻩ َﺣﻘﺎ ﻗﺎ َل‬ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإن اﻟﻜﻬ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ‬29
ْ َ ََ ُُ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ُ َْ ْ
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫" ِﺗﻠ َﻚ اﻟ ِﻠ َﻤﺔ ا َ ﱡﻖ َﻳﺨﻄ ُﻔ َﻬﺎ ا ِ ِ ّ ﱡ ﻓ َﻴ ْﻘ ِﺬﻓ َﻬﺎ ِ أذ ِن َوِﻟ ِّﻴ ِﮫ َو َ ِﺰ ُﺪ ِﻓ َﻴﻬﺎ ِﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻛﺬ َﺑ ٍﺔ‬
(5816/2228 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،989 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ اﻟﮑﻬﺎﻧﺔ و إﺗﯿﺎن اﻟﮑﻬﺎن‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺴﻼم‬

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported: “I said: Allah's Messenger, the kahins

used to tell us about things (unseen) and we found them to be true.
Thereupon he said: That is a word pertaining to truth which a jinn
snatches and throws into the ear of his friend, and makes an addition
of one hundred lies to it.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Salam, Bab Tahrim
al-Kahanat… p. 989, No. 2228/5816)

It is in this hadith that a jinn adds a hundred lie to his words.

(7) Casting out the Jinn

Some people say that some amulet makers take out jinn, but I do not
know how to take them out, and neither I have been able to find any
hadith about it, nor any saying of the Companions. Neither I know
whether the jinn possess someone or not? I do not know the fact;
therefore I am unable to say a word about it.

There were 4 verses and 29 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have seen.
 | 460

37 – Visiting Graves

There are 22 verses and 44 hadiths regarding this belief, the details of
which shall follow: one.

The previous nations became polytheists with the following 4 things,

so Allah punished them:

(1) by worshiping other than Allah

(2) prostrating before others besides Allah

(3) seeking help from other than Allah

(4) considering others besides Allah as the one who fulfills their need

The practice of these four things became prevalent in a way that they
first paid homage to their dead elders, then gradually began to
prostrate before them and worship them. They believed regarding
their elders that they hear and help them in their needs.

Gradually, they made idols for them started bowing down to them to
ask for help in their needs, then prostrated, and finally accepted them
as God. And this is polytheism and associating partner with Allah
which He will never forgive. Therefore, we must not have so much a
respect to the elders that leads us to shirk gradually.

Customs of the Hindus

If you think of the customs of the Hindus, their making of idols, asking
the idols for help and their worshiping to those idols; you will come
37 – Visiting Graves | 461

to a conclusion that they held their elders in high esteem, then

gradually became involved into polytheism.

Hindus also believe in one God, whom they call Ishwar, and some of
these Pandits believe only in Him, but most of them worship idols
even though they believe in one Ishwar. All the idols they make are
images of their elders. They know it is a made of clay, but they believe
that the spirits of their elders, or the spirits of their gods and
goddesses, come into these idols. They listen to them and have power
to help them. That is why they worship these idols, and earnestly ask
them, which the Islam calls polytheism (shirk).

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Forbade Reverence for Graves

Since Allah knew that Muslims can also seek help from their elders, or
make idols of them, and prostrate before them, so the Holy Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬sometimes allowed them to visit the graves, but repeatedly
warned them not to prostrate before the graves, not to ask the dead
in their needs, not to make it a place of celebration, not to erect a
building on it, but to return only after greeting them and praying for
them.

Please, refer to the authentic hadiths regarding the same in the

following pages.

What is a Grave?

The time period from the burial to the resurrection is called grave
period, whether the body of the deceased is in the ground, or has
been burnt, or it has been eaten by an animal. This period is also
called Barzakh, which is mentioned in the following verse:
462 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ْ َ ً َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َّ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ّ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱣ‬
‫ﺻﺎ ِ ﺎ ِﻓ ْﯿ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َﺮﮐ ُﺖ‬ ‫ ﺣ ِاذا ﺟﺎء اﺣﺪ ﻢ اﻟﻤﻮت ﻗﺎل ر ِب أر ِﺟﻌﻮن ﻟﻌ ِ أﻋﻤﻞ‬1
َ ُ ٰ ٌَ ْ َ َُ َ ٌ َ ‫َﱠ ﱠ‬
23:100- ‫ﮐﻼ ِا َ ﺎ ِﻠ َﻤﺔ ُ َﻮ ﻗﺎ ِﺋﻠ ﺎ و ِﻣﻦ ﱠو َرا ِﺋ ِ ْﻢ َﺑ ْﺮزخ ِا َﯾ ْﻮ ِم ُﯾ ْﺒ َﻌﺜ ْﻮن )ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮن‬
(101

“(The infidels go on doing their misdeeds) until when death comes to

one of them, he will say, .My Lord send me back, so that I may act
righteously in that (world) which I have left behind.. Never! It is simply
a word he utters, and in front of such people there is a barrier till the
day when they will be resurrected.” [23:100-101]

In this verse it is said that the time from death to resurrection is called
Barzakh, its conditions are different from the conditions of the world.

Visiting Grave is permissible in Order to Remember the

Hereafter

If going to the grave reminds you of the Hereafter and death, then it
is good, and if visiting grave is a fun and recreation, or a source of
income, then it is not good. And in that case it is not lawful to go to
the grave, as the hadiths says:
ْ ُ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ
‫ﺎل " ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ َ َ ْﻴ ُﺘﻜ ْﻢ َﻋ ْﻦ ِزَ ﺎ َر ِة اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر‬‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ ﻗ‬،‫ﻮد‬
ٍ ‫ ﻋ ِﻦ اﺑ ِﻦ ﻣﺴﻌ‬1
َ ّ َ َُ َْ‫ﱡ‬ ُ َُّ ‫ُُْ َ َ ﱠ‬ َُ
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫اﻵﺧ َﺮة‬ ِ ‫ﻓﺰو ُروا اﻟﻘﺒﻮر ﻓ ِﺈ َ ﺎ ﺗﺰ ِ ﺪ ِ اﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ وﺗﺬ ِﻛ ُﺮ‬
(1571 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،223

It was narrated from Hadhrat Ibn Mas’ud (raz) that the Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said, “I used to forbid you to visit the graves, but now visit
them, for they will draw your attention away from this world and
remind you of the Hereafter.” (Ibn Majah, Bab Ma Jaa Fi Ziyarat Al-
Qabur, p. 223, No. 1571)
37 – Visiting Graves | 463

" :‫ﺎل‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻗ ْ َ ُأ ّ ِﻣ ِﮫ َﻓ َﺒ َ ﻰ َو َأ ْﺑ َ ﻰ َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ْﻮ َﻟ ُﮫ َﻓ َﻘ‬ ‫ﺎل َز َار ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬2
ِ ِ
َ‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﺄ َذ ْﻧ ُﺖ َرّ ﻲ َأ ْن َأ ُزو َر َﻗ ْ َ َ ﺎ َﻓ َﺄذ َن َﻓ ُﺰو ُروا ْاﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮر‬
ْ ‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﺄ َذ ْﻧ ُﺖ َرّ ﻲ َأ ْن َأ ْﺳ َﺘ ْﻐﻔ َﺮ َﻟ َ ﺎ َﻓ َﻠ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺄ َذ ْن َو‬
ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ُ َُّ َ
(1572 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،224 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ز ﺎرة ﻗﺒﻮر اﻟﻤﺸﺮﮐ ن‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠ َ ﺎ ﺗﺬ ِﻛ ُﺮﻛ ُﻢ اﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ َت‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) said: “The Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬visited the grave of his mother and wept, causing the people
around him to weep. Then he said: ‘I asked my Lord for permission to
seek forgiveness for her, but He did not give me permission. Then I
asked my Lord for permission to visit her grave and He gave me
permission. So visit the graves, for they will remind you of death.’”
(Ibn Majah, Bab Ma Jaa Fi Ziyarat Al-Qabur, p. 224, No. 1572)

There are three things in these hadiths:

(1) It is permissible to weep on the grave if one feels so, but it is not
permissible to wail.

(2) The second thing is that sometimes one should visit the grave,
because the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬has visited the grave of his mother once
in his life, he did not stayed there day and night.

(3) And the third thing is that one should visit the grave in order to
remember death, not to visit the grave for fun and entertainment.

Nowadays, many people go to shrines for entertainment and fun,

which is not permissible.

One is Allowed to Go to Grave with Seven Conditions

One can go to the graves with these seven conditions, not without it:

(1) Do not worship anyone other than Allah

The first condition is that he should not worship anyone other than
Allah, as these verses says:
464 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ُ ْ ّ ُ ُ َ ْ َ َُْ ﱠ‬
[6:56 ‫ﻳﻦ ﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِن اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإ ِ ﻲ ِ ﻴﺖ أن أﻋﺒﺪ اﻟ ِﺬ‬2

“Say, I have been forbidden from worshiping those whom you invoke
beside Allah.. Say, .I do not follow your desires, because if I were to
do that, I would be going astray and would no more be of those on
the right path.” 6:5]6[

‫ﱠ‬ ‫ْ ُ ْ ُ ﱠ ﱣ ََ َ َ ْ ﱠَ ُُْْ ﱠ‬
(12:40 ‫ ِا ِن ا ﮑﻢ ِاﻻ ِﻟﻠ ِ أﻣﺮ ان ﻻ ﻌﺒﺪوا ِاﻻ ِاﯾﺎە )ﺳﻮرة ﯾﻮﺳﻒ‬3

“Sovereignty belongs to none but Allah. He has ordained that you

shall not worship but Him.” [12:40)

َ ‫َﱠ َ ْ ُ ُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
[41:14 ‫ أﻻ ﻌﺒﺪوا ِإﻻ اﻟﻠﮫ ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬4

“Do not worship anyone but Allah.” [41:14]

ً َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ‫ُ ْ ََ ُْ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ ْ ﱣ‬
(5:76 ‫ﺿﺮا ﱠوﻻ ﻧ ْﻔﻌﺎ۔ )ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬ ‫ ﻗﻞ أ ﻌﺒﺪون ِﻣﻦ دو ِن اﻟﻠ ِ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﯾﻤ ِﻠﮏ ﻟﮑﻢ‬5

“Say, Do you worship, besides Allah, what has no power to do you

harm or bring you benefit?” [5:76]

َ َ َ ُ َ ّ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ ‫َ َ ُ ُو ﱠ َ ْ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
[98:5 ‫اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺣﻨﻔﺎء ]اﻟﺒ ﻨﺔ‬ ِ ‫ وﻣﺎ أ ِﻣﺮ ا ِإﻻ ِﻟﻴﻌﺒﺪوا اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﺨ ِﻠ ِﺼ ن ﻟﮫ‬6

“While they were not ordered but to worship Allah, making their
submission exclusive for him with no deviation…” [98:5]

ُ ‫ََ ُ ُ ﱠ َ ُُْ ًَ َ ً َ ََ ﱠ‬
[9:31 ‫ وﻣﺎ أ ِﻣﺮوا ِإﻻ ِﻟﻴﻌﺒﺪوا ِإﻟ ﺎ و ِاﺣﺪا ﻻ ِإﻟﮫ ِإﻻ ﻮ ]اﻟﺘﻮ ﺔ‬7

“And they were not commanded but to worship only One God. There
is no god but He. Pure is He from what they associate with Him.”
[9:32]
37 – Visiting Graves | 465

The single commandment in these six verses is to worship only Allah,

the One God, and that it is not permissible to worship anyone else
other than Him.

(2) Do not ask the people of the grave for help

The second condition is that you do not ask for healp from the people
of the graves. Here are some verses for the same:

َ َ ‫ﱠ َ َ ُُْ َ ﱠ‬
(1:4 ‫ﺎک ْﺴ َﺘ ِﻌ ْ َن )ﺳﻮرة ﻓﺎﺗﺤﺔ‬ ‫ ِاﯾﺎک ﻌﺒﺪ و ِاﯾ‬8

“You alone do we worship, and from You alone do we seek help.” [1:4]

In this verse, it is stated categorically that they must worship Allah

alone and seek help only from Allah. The obligatory prayers are 17
rak'ats day and night, and at least 17 times a believer is asked to
declare that he worships only Allah and asks only from Him; therefore
it is not permissible to worship anyone else and it is not permissible
to seek help from anyone else.

ُ ‫ﺼ َﺮ ُﻛ ْﻢ َوَﻻ َأ ْﻧ ُﻔ َﺴ ُ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻨ‬
َ‫ﺼ ُﺮون‬ ُ ‫ﻳﻦ َﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮ َن ﻣ ْﻦ ُدوﻧﮫ َﻻ َ ْﺴ َﺘﻄ‬
ْ ‫ﻴﻌﻮ َن َﻧ‬ َ ‫ َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬9
ِ ِِ ِ ِ
[7:197 ‫]اﻷﻋﺮاف‬

“Those whom you call beside Him cannot help you, nor can they help
themselves.” [7:198]

َ ُ َُْ ‫َ ْ ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ ْ ‫َ َ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ َن‬
‫ن‬
[6:40-41 ‫( ﺑﻞ ِإﻳﺎﻩ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬40) ‫ أﻏ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ِإن ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﺻ ِﺎد ِﻗ ن‬10

“… would you call someone other than Allah, if you are truthful?
Rather, Him alone you will call.” [6:40]

ً َ ‫ﱣ‬ َ ََ ‫ﱣ‬ ْ
(72:18 ‫ ِا ﱠن اﻟ َﻤ َﺴ ِﺎﺟ َﺪ ِﻟﻠ ِ ﻓﻼ ﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋ ْﻮا َﻣ َﻊ اﻟﻠ ِ ا َﺣﺪا )ﺳﻮرة ا ﻦ‬11
466 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“and that masajid (mosques) belong to Allah; so, do not invoke

anyone along with Allah.” [72:18]

ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َن ْ ُ ْ ن ﱣ‬
(7:194 ‫ ِان اﻟ ِﺬﯾﻦ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ِﻣﻦ دو ِ اﻟﻠ ِ ِﻋﺒﺎد اﻣﺜﺎﻟﮑﻢ )ﺳﻮرة اﻻﻋﺮاف‬12

“Surely, those whom you invoke beside Allah are slaves (of Allah) like
you.” [7:194]
ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬
[35:13 ‫ﻳﻦ ﺗ ْﺪ ُﻋﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ُدو ِﻧ ِﮫ َﻣﺎ َﻳ ْﻤ ِﻠ ﻮن ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻗﻄ ِﻤ ٍ ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‬‫ واﻟ ِﺬ‬13

“And those whom you invoke beside Him do not own even the
membrane on a date-stone.” [35:13]

ً َ َ ُ ْ ُ ََ َّ ُ ْ َ َ ‫ُ ْ ﱠ‬
[72:20 ‫ ﻗﻞ ِإﻧﻤﺎ أدﻋﻮ رِ ﻲ وﻻ أﺷ ِﺮك ِﺑ ِﮫ أﺣﺪا ]ا ﻦ‬14

“Say, I invoke my Lord, and do not associate anyone with Him.”

[72:20]

In these 7 verses, it is said that one must invoke Allah alone, so it is

not permissible to invoke anyone else, and it is not permissible to seek
help from other than Him. Therefore, when one goes to a grave, must
not seek help from anyone other than Allah, though it is a grave of a
prophet or wali. Nowadays, many people go to shrines and
graveyards to seek help from the people in grave, it is not permissible,
as Allah alone has authority to give and grant.

See the full details of this topic under Chapter 11 entield: We Must
Call only Allah for Help.

(3) Do not prostrate before n the grave

The third condition is that one must not prostrate before the grave.
37 – Visiting Graves | 467

َََ ‫ﱣ ﱠ‬ َْ َ ‫ََ ْ ُ ُْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺲ َو ﻻ ِﻟﻠﻘ َﻤ ِﺮ َو ا ْ ُ ُﺪ ْوا ِﻟﻠ ِ اﻟ ِﺬ ْی ﺧﻠﻘ ُ ﱠﻦ )ﺳﻮرة ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‬
ِ
ْ ‫ﻠﺸ‬
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ ﻻ ﺪوا ِﻟ‬15
(41:137

“Do not prostrate yourselves to the sun, or to the moon. And

prostrate yourselves to Allah who has created them” [41:137]

ْ ‫ َﻓ ْﺄ ْ ُ ُﺪ ْوا ﻟ ﱣﻠ َو‬16
(53:62 ‫اﻋ ُﺒ ُﺪ ْوا)ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬ ِ ِ

“Prostrate to Allah and worship Him.” [53:62]

َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ َﺸ َﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻗ‬3
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ َﻣ َﺮ ِﺿ ِﮫ اﻟ ِﺬي ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ُﻘ ْﻢ‬
‫ي‬ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ْ ُ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ ْ َ ُ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ى ﱠ َ ُ ُ ُ َر‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء‬، ‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎر‬." ‫ﺎﺟﺪ‬ ِ ‫ اﺗﺨﺬوا ﻗﺒﻮ أﻧ ِ ﻴﺎ ِ ِ ﻢ ﻣﺴ‬، ‫ِﻣﻨﮫ " ﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ اﻟ ﻮد واﻟﻨﺼﺎر‬
(1390 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،223 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻗ اﻟﻨ ﷺ و أ ﻲ ﺑﮑﺮ وﻋﻤﺮ‬

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) narrated: Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬in his fatal illness
said, "Allah cursed the Jews and the Christians, for they built the
places of worship at the graves of their prophets.".

It is stated in this hadeeth that it is not permissible to make grave a

place of worship.
‫َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ََ َ َْ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻳﻘﻮل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬،‫ ﻳﻘﻮل ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ أﺑﺎ ﻣﺮﺛ ٍﺪ اﻟﻐﻨ ِﻮي‬،‫ وا ِﺛﻠﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻷﺳﻘ ِﻊ‬4
َ ‫َ َ ْ ُ ََ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ُ َﱡ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﺮا ﯿﺔ اﻟﻘﻌﻮد ﻋ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬."‫ﺼﻠﻮا ِإﻟ ْ َ ﺎ‬ ‫" ﻻ ﺗﺠ ِﻠﺴﻮا ﻋ اﻟﻘﺒﻮ ِر وﻻ ﺗ‬
(3229 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬471 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻟﻘ‬

Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi reported the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬as

saying: “Do not sit on graves, and do not pray facing them.” (Abu
Dawud, Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 471, No. 3229)

He said this so that people would not consider the one who is in the
grave as God, so he forbade praying even while facing the grave. How
can it be permissible to prostrate at the grave when you cannot pray
facing the grave?
468 | Samarat al-Aqaid
َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ََ َ َ ْ َ ْ َْ ْ َ
‫ﺎل أﺗ ْ ُﺖ ا ِ َ ة ﻓ َﺮأ ْﻳ ُ ُ ْﻢ َ ْ ُ ُﺪون ِﻟ َﻤ ْﺮ ُزَ ٍﺎن ﻟ ُ ْﻢ ﻓ ُﻘﻠ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أ َﺣ ﱡﻖ أ ْن‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ﺲ ﺑ ِﻦ ﺳﻌ ٍﺪ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﻦ ﻗ‬
َ َ َ َ ْ َ
َ ّ ْ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل ﻓﺄ َﺗ ْ ُﺖ ﱠ‬َ ‫ُ ْ َ َﺪ َﻟ ُﮫ ﻗ‬
َ
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ ُﻘﻠ ُﺖ ِإ ِ ﻲ أﺗ ْ ُﺖ ا ِ َ ة ﻓ َﺮأ ْﻳ ُ ُ ْﻢ َ ْ ُ ُﺪون ِﻟ َﻤ ْﺮ ُزَ ٍﺎن‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬. " ‫ﺎل " َأ َ َرأ ْﻳ َﺖ َﻟ ْﻮ َﻣ َﺮ ْر َت ﺑ َﻘ ْ ي َأ ُﻛ ْﻨ َﺖ َ ْ ُ ُﺪ َﻟ ُﮫ‬
‫ﺎل‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َأ َﺣ ﱡﻖ َأ ْن َ ْ ُ َﺪ َﻟ َﻚ‬
‫َ ُ ْ ََْ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻟ ﻢ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل‬
َ َ ِ ِ َ َ َ َ
ّ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُْ
‫ﺎل " ﻓﻼ ﺗ ْﻔ َﻌﻠﻮا ﻟ ْﻮ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ِآﻣ ًﺮا أ َﺣ ًﺪا أ ْن َ ْ ُ َﺪ ﻷ َﺣ ٍﺪ ﻷ َﻣ ْﺮ ُت اﻟ ِ َﺴ َﺎء أ ْن َ ْ ُ ْﺪ َن ﻷ ْز َو ِاﺟ ِ ﱠﻦ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ﻗ ﻠﺖ ﻻ‬
ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﻖ اﻟﺰوج ﻋ اﻟﻤﺮأة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻨ ﺎح‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ِﻟ َﻤﺎ َﺟ َﻌ َﻞ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ﱠﻦ ِﻣ َﻦ ا َ ِ ّﻖ‬
(1853 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،265 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﻖ اﻟﺰوج ﻋ اﻟﻤﺮأة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻨ ﺎح‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬2140 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،309

Hadhrat Qays ibn Sa'd (raz) narrated: I went to al-Hirah and saw them
(the people) prostrating themselves before a satrap of theirs, so I said:
The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬has most right to have prostration made
before him. When I came to the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, I said: I went to al-Hirah
and saw them prostrating themselves before a satrap of theirs, but
you have most right, Messenger of Allah, to have (people) prostrating
themselves before you. He said: Tell me, if you were to pass my grave,
would you prostrate yourself before it? I said: No. He then said: Do
not do so. If I were to command anyone to make prostration before
another I would command women to prostrate themselves before
their husbands, because of the special right over them given to
husbands by Allah.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Nikah, p. 309, No. 2140;
Ibn Majah, Kitab al-NIkah, Bab Haq al-Zauj…, p. 265, No. 1853)

It is stated in this hadith that it is haraam to prostrate to anyone other

than Allah.

Nowadays, many mujawirs (of the graves) make the visitors to

prostrate in front of the grave and their aim is to somehow make him
a follower of the saint in grave so that he can keep receving gifts and
offerings.

(4) Women should in veil, never without veil

The fourth condition is that women should go with veil, not without
the veil at all, as the Hadith and the Quranic verse say:
37 – Visiting Graves | 469

:‫ ﻓﺄﺿﻊ ﺛﻮ ﻲ ﻓﺄﻗﻮل‬،‫ ﮐﻨﺖ أدﺧﻞ ﺑﯿ اﻟﺬي دﻓﻦ ﻓﯿ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ وأ ﻲ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‬5
.‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ دﻓﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﻌ ﻢ ﻓﻮاﻟﻠ ﻣﺎ دﺧﻠﺖ إﻻ أﻧﺎ ﻣﺸﺪودة ﻋ ﺛﯿﺎ ﻲ ﺣﯿﺎء ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ‬،‫إﻧﻤﺎ زو و أ ﻲ‬
(25132 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،288 ‫ ص‬،7 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻟﺴﯿﺪة ﻋﺎ ﺸﺔ‬،‫)ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Ayesha (raz), she said: “I

used to enter the house where the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was buried
without a veil, thinking that my husband and my father was buried
here. But when Hadhrat Umar was buried beside them, I entered
wearing a full cloth out of shame for Hadhrat Umar.” (Musnad
Ahmad, Bab Hadith al-Sayyeda Ayishah (raz), v. 7, p. 288, No. 25132)

According to this hadith, a woman should go to the grave with a veil.

َ ُ ْ َ ‫ﻀ َﻦ ﻣ ْﻦ َا ْﺑ‬ ُ ‫ َو ُﻗ ْﻞ ﻟ ْﻠ ُﻤﻮٴْﻣ َﻨﺎت َ ْﻐ‬17

‫ﺼﺎ ِر ِ ﱠﻦ َو َﯾ ْﺤ ُﻔﻈ ﱠﻦ ﻓ ُﺮ ْو َﺟ ُ ﱠﻦ َو ﻻ ُﯾ ْﺒ ِﺪ ْﯾ َﻦ‬ ِ
ْ ‫ﻀ‬
ِ ِ ِ
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ٰ ُ ْ ‫ ﻟ َﯿ‬،‫زْ َﻨ َ ُ ﱠﻦ ا ﱠﻻ َﻣﺎ َﻇ َ َﺮ ﻣ ْ َ ﺎ‬
‫ﻀ ِﺮَ ﱠﻦ ِﺑﺨ ِﻤ ِﺮ ِ ﱠﻦ َﻋ ُﺟ ُﯿ ْﻮ ِ ِ ﱠﻦ َو ﻻ ُﯾ ْﺒ ِﺪ ْﯾ َﻦ ِزْ َﺘ ُ ﱠﻦ ِاﻻ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ٰ َ َ
(24:31 ‫ِﻟ ُﺒ ُﻌ ْﻮﻟ ِﺘ ِ ﱠﻦ ا ْو اﺑﺂ ِﺋ ِ ﱠﻦ )ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻨﻮر‬

“And tell the believing women that they must lower their gazes and
guard their private parts, and must not expose their adornment,
except that which appears thereof, and must wrap their bosoms with
their shawls, and must not expose their adornment, except to their
husbands or their fathers…” [24:31]

This verse says that a woman should not show her adornment to
anyone.
ٰ ُْ َ ‫َ ْ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ
(33:33 ‫ َو ﻗ ْﺮن ِ ْ ُﺑ ُﯿ ْﻮ ِﺗﮑ ﱠﻦ َو ﻻ ﺗ َ ﱠ ْﺟ َﻦ ﺗ َ ﱠ َج ا َ ﺎ ِ ﻠ َﯿﺔ اﻻ ْو )ﺳﻮرة اﻻﺣﺰاب‬18

“Remain in your homes, and do not display (your) beauty as it used to

be displayed in the days of earlier ignorance…” [33:33]
470 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ْ َْ َ َ َ ٌ َُ ْ َ َ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬
‫اﺳ ﺸ َﺮﻓ َ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺎل " اﻟ َﻤ ْﺮأة َﻋ ْﻮ َرة ﻓ ِﺈذا ﺧ َﺮ َﺟ ِﺖ‬‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬6
(1173 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،284 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﺳ ﺸﺮاف اﻟﺸﯿﻄﺎن اﻟﻤﺮأة إذا ﺧﺮﺟﺖ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ‫ﺎن‬ ُ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻴ َﻄ‬
‫ﱠ‬

Hadhrat Abdullah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “The

woman is Awrah, so when she goes out, the Shaitan seeks to tempt
her.” (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Bab Ishtishraf al-Shaitan…, p. 284, No. 1173)

In this hadith it is said that when a woman comes out with adornment,
the Satan attracts people to look at the woman.

Men were also ordered to keep their eyes down, as the verse says:

ْ‫ﺼﺎر ﱠﻦ َو َﯾ ْﺤ َﻔ ُﻈ ْﻮا ُﻓ ُﺮ ْو َﺟ ُ ْﻢ َذ ِاﻟ َﮏ َا ْز ٰ ﯽ َﻟ ُ ﻢ‬َ َْ ْ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ

ِ ِ ‫ ﻗ ْﻞ ِﻟﻠﻤﻮٴ ِْﻣ ِﻨ ن ﻐﻀﻮا ِﻣﻦ اﺑ‬19
(24:30 ‫)ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻨﻮر‬

“Tell the believing men that they must lower their gazes and guard
their private parts; it is more decent for them.” [24:30]

In this verse, men are commanded to keep their eyes down, so how
can women be allowed to run without veil on shrines?

(5) She should not wail at the grave

The fifth condition is that one one should not wail at the grave i.e.
should not cry loudly or beat chest and cheeks, as the hadiths have
forbidden this act:

َ ‫ﺲ ﻣ ﱠﻨﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ َﺷ ﱠﻖ ا ْ ُ ُﻴ‬
َ ‫ﻮب َو‬
‫ﺿ َﺮ َب‬ َْ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
ِ َ ‫ﺎل َرﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ " ﻟ‬‫ ﻗ‬:‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬7
ْ َ ‫ا ْ ُ ُﺪ‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻋﻦ ﻧ ﺿﺮب ا ﺪود و ﺷﻖ ا ﯿﻮب‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ود َو َد َﻋﺎ ِﺑ َﺪ ْﻋ َﻮى ا َ ﺎ ِ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‬
(1584 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،225 ‫ص‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat ‘Abdullah (raz) that the Messenger of

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “He is not one of us who tears his garments, strikes his
37 – Visiting Graves | 471

cheeks, and cries with the cry of the Days of Ignorance.’” (Ibn Majah,
p. 225, No. 1584)
َ َ ََ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل " أﻧﺎ َﺑ ِﺮي ٌء ِﻣ ﱠﻤ ْﻦ َﺣﻠ َﻖ َو َﺳﻠ َﻖ‬‫ ﻟ ﱠﻤﺎ ﺛ ُﻘ َﻞ أ ُﺑﻮ ُﻣﻮ َ ․․․أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬8
َ َ
‫؛‬1586 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،225 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻋﻦ ﻧ ﺿﺮب ا ﺪود و ﺷﻖ ا ﯿﻮب‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬."‫َوﺧ َﺮق‬
(285/103 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،58 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺗﺤﺮ ﻢ ﺿﺮب ا ﺪود‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

“When Abu Musa fell sick…. he told her that the Messenger of Allah
(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “I have no concern with those who shave their heads,
lamented loudly and tear their garments (at times of calamity).’” (Ibn
Majah, p. 225, No. 1584; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, p. 58, No.
103/285)

َ ‫ﺻ ْﻮ َﺗ ْ ن َأ ْﺣ َﻤ َﻘ ْ ن َﻓﺎﺟ َﺮْ ﻦ‬
‫ﺻ ْﻮ ٍت ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻣ ِﺼ َﺒ ٍﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺎل " َﻻ َو َﻟﻜ ْﻦ َ َ ْﻴ ُﺖ َﻋ ْﻦ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬... ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬9
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ُ ُ ّ َ َ ٍ ‫َﺧ ْﻤﺶ ُو ُﺟ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﺮﺧﺼﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ‫ﻮب َو َرﱠﻧ ِﺔ ﺷ ْﻴﻄ ٍﺎن‬ ٍ ‫ﻮﻩ وﺷ ِﻖ ﺟﻴ‬ ِ
(1005 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،243 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺒ ﺎء ﻋ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬

Hadhrat Jabir bin Abdullah (raz) narrated: … The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

“No. But I prohibited two foolish immoral voices: A voice during a
calamity while clawing at one's face and tearing one's clothes, and
Shaitan's scream.'" (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 243, No.
1005)

It is strictly forbidden to wail in this hadith. I do not know why some

people wail so much on the occasion of Muharram.

See the rest of the details under chapter 41 regarding mourning.

(6) One should greet the people of the grave and recite dua

The sixth condition is to avoid superstitions and nonsense activities at

the grave. One should only greet the people in grave, pray for them
and ask forgiveness for them by reciting the Qur'an, etc. One should
alo remember death and think that one day he also shall taste death
472 | Samarat al-Aqaid

and will be buried in the graveyard. Such acts are established from
hadiths and rest things are nonsense.

Here are hadiths regarding greeting the dead and seeking forgiveness
for them:
َ ْ ََ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬10
‫ﺎل َﻣ ﱠﺮ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِﺑ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر اﻟ َﻤ ِﺪ َﻳﻨ ِﺔ ﻓﺄﻗ َﺒ َﻞ َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ ِﺑ َﻮ ْﺟ ِ ِﮫ‬ ٍ ِ ِ
ََ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َْ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ َ ُ ََ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﻓ َﻘ‬
،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬."‫ﺎل " اﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻮ ِر ﻐ ِﻔﺮ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟﻨﺎ وﻟﻜﻢ أﻧﺘﻢ ﺳﻠﻔﻨﺎ وﻧﺤﻦ ِﺑﺎﻷﺛ ِﺮ‬
(1053 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،254 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﻮل اﻟﺮﺟﻞ إذا دﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﺮ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬

Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah passed by

the graves of Al-Madinah, so he turned his face towards them and
said: (As-Salamu alaikum ya ahlul-qubur! Yaghfirul-lahu lana wa
lakun, antum salafuna wa nahnu bil-athar) 'Peace be upon you O
inhabitants of the grave! May Allah forgive us and you; you are our
predecessors and we are to follow you.'" (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-
Janayiz, p. 254, No. 1053)

In this hadith it is said that one should greet the people of the grave
and pray for their forgiveness.
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ُﱠ‬
‫ﺎن ﻟ ْﻴﻠ ُ َ ﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﻠﻤﺎ‬- ‫ﺎن َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ َ َ ‫ َأ ﱠ َ ﺎ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬11
ِ
َ‫اﻟﺴ َﻼ ُم َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ ُﻜ ْﻢ َد َار َﻗ ْﻮم ُﻣ ْﺆﻣﻨ ن‬ ُ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ
‫ َﻳﺨ ُﺮ ُج ﻣ ْﻦ ِآﺧﺮ اﻟﻠ ْﻴﻞ إ اﻟ َﺒ ِﻘﻴﻊ ﻓ َﻴﻘﻮ ُل " ﱠ‬- ‫ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
ِِ ٍ ِ ُ ‫ِ َِ ِ ﱠ‬ ِ
ََْ ْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َََ
." ‫ﻮﻋ ُﺪون ﻏ ًﺪا ُﻣﺆ ﱠﺟﻠﻮن َو ِ ﱠﻧﺎ ِإ ْن ﺷ َﺎء اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑﻜ ْﻢ ﻻ ِﺣ ُﻘﻮن اﻟﻠ ُ ﱠﻢ اﻏ ِﻔ ْﺮ ﻷ ْ ِﻞ َﺑ ِﻘ ِﻴﻊ اﻟﻐﺮﻗ ِﺪ‬ ‫وأﺗﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺗ‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،392 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺎل ﻋﻨﺪ دﺧﻮل اﻟﻘﺒﻮر و اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻷ ﻠ ﺎ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(2255/974

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported (that whenever it was her turn for
Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬he would go out towards the end of the night
to al-Baqi' and say: Peace be upon you, abode of a people who are
believers. What you were promised would come to you tomorrow,
you receiving it after some delay; and God willing we shall join you. O
Allah, grant forgiveness to the inhabitants of Baqi' al-Gharqad.” (Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 392, No. 974/2255)
37 – Visiting Graves | 473

There are two things in these two hadiths, one is how to greet the
people of the graves, and the other is to ask for forgiveness for them.

(7) Ask for forgiveness for the people in graves

The seventh thing is to ask for forgiveness for those who are in the
graves, as the hadith guides us:
َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ﺎل‬
‫ﺎن ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ﺎن‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬12
َ ‫ﺎن ْﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﻔ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِإذا ﻓ َﺮغ ِﻣ ْﻦ َدﻓ ِﻦ اﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ ِﺖ َوﻗﻒ‬
ُ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ‫ََْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُِ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ َ ُ ﱠْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ﻓﻘﺎل " اﺳﺘﻐ ِﻔﺮوا ﻷ ِﺧﻴﻜﻢ وﺳﻠﻮا ﻟﮫ اﻟﺘﺜ ِ ﻴﺖ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﮫ اﻵن ﺴﺄل‬
(3221 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،470 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻻﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎر ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ ﻟﻠﻤﯿﺖ وﻗﺖ اﻻﻧﺼﺮاف‬

Hadhrat Uthman ibn Affan (raz) narrated: “Whenever the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
became free from burying the dead, he used to stay at him (i.e. his
grave) and say: Seek forgiveness for your brother, and beg
steadfastness for him, for he will be questioned now.” (Abu Dawud,
Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 470, No. 3221)
َ َْ َ ْ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬... ‫ ُﺗ َﺤ ِّﺪ ُث َﻓ َﻘ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ‬،‫ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﺳﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ َﻋﺎ ِ َﺸ َﺔ‬،‫ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ َﺪ ْﺑ َﻦ َﻗ ْ ﺲ‬13
‫ﺎل ِإ ﱠن َرﱠ َﻚ َﻳﺄ ُﻣ ُﺮ َك أ ْن ﺗﺄ ِ َﻲ أ ْ َﻞ‬ ِ ٍ
ّ َ
ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ
َ ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻛ ْﻴﻒ أﻗﻮ ُل ﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻗ‬. " ‫ْاﻟ َﺒ ِﻘﻴﻊ َﻓ َ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻐ ِﻔ َﺮ َﻟ ُ ْﻢ‬
َ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َ
‫اﻟﺪ َﻳ ِﺎر‬
ِ ‫اﻟﺴﻼ ُم ﻋ أ ِﻞ‬ ‫ﺎل " ﻗﻮ ﱠ‬
ِ
ْ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ ِﺪﻣ َن ﻣ ﱠﻨﺎ َو ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﺄ ِﺧﺮ َﻦ َو ﱠﻧﺎ إ ْن َﺷ َﺎء اﻟ ﱠﻠ ُﮫ ﺑ ُﻜﻢ‬ ‫َ ِْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ن واﻟﻤﺴ ِﻠ ِﻤ ن و ﺮﺣﻢ‬
َ َ َ
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺎل ﻋﻨﺪ دﺧﻮل اﻟﻘﺒﻮر و اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻷ ﻠ ﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﻟﻼ ِﺣ ُﻘﻮن‬
(2256/974 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،392

Muhammad b. Qais said he heard Hadhrat Ayisha (raz) saying: “He

said: Your Lord has commanded you to go to the inhabitants of Baqi'
(to those lying in the graves) and beg pardon for them. I said:
Messenger of Allah, how should I pray for them (How should I beg
forgiveness for them)? He said: Say, Peace be upon the inhabitants of
this city (graveyard) from among the Believers and the Muslims, and
may Allah have mercy on those who have gone ahead of us, and those
who come later on, and we shall, God willing, join you.” (Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 392, No. 974/2256)
474 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ ‫ُﱠ‬
‫ﺎن ﻟ ْﻴﻠ ُ َ ﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﻠﻤﺎ‬- ‫ﺎن َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ َ َ ‫ َأ ﱠ َ ﺎ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬14
ِ
َ ُ َ َ ‫َ َ ُ ُل ﱠ‬ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ
‫اﻟﺴﻼ ُم َﻋﻠ ْﻴﻜ ْﻢ َد َار ﻗ ْﻮ ٍم ُﻣ ْﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن‬ " ‫ َﻳﺨ ُﺮ ُج ِﻣ ْﻦ ِآﺧ ِﺮ اﻟﻠ ْﻴ ِﻞ ِإ اﻟ َﺒ ِﻘ ِﻴﻊ ﻓﻴﻘﻮ‬- ‫ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
َ َْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ ُ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َََ
." ‫ﻮﻋ ُﺪون ﻏ ًﺪا ُﻣﺆ ﱠﺟﻠﻮن َو ِ ﱠﻧﺎ ِإ ْن ﺷ َﺎء اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑﻜ ْﻢ ﻻ ِﺣ ُﻘﻮن اﻟﻠ ُ ﱠﻢ اﻏ ِﻔ ْﺮ ﻷ ْ ِﻞ َﺑ ِﻘ ِﻴﻊ اﻟﻐ ْﺮﻗ ِﺪ‬ ‫وأﺗﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺗ‬
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،392 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺎل ﻋﻨﺪ دﺧﻮل اﻟﻘﺒﻮر و اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻷ ﻠ ﺎ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(2255/974

Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported (that whenever it was her turn for
Allah's Messenger [may peace be upon him] to spend the night with
her) he would go out towards the end of the night to al-Baqi' and say:
Peace be upon you, abode of a people who are believers. What you
were promised would come to you tomorrow, you receiving it after
some delay; and God willing we shall join you. O Allah, grant
forgiveness to the inhabitants of Baqi' al-Gharqad.” (Sahih Muslim,
Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 392, No. 974/2255)

It is mentioned in these hadiths that one should ask forgiveness for

the deceased.

If you want to greet the person in grave, you can turn to the grave, as
the hadith says:
َ ْ ََ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬15
‫ﺎل َﻣ ﱠﺮ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِﺑ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر اﻟ َﻤ ِﺪ َﻳﻨ ِﺔ ﻓﺄﻗ َﺒ َﻞ َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ ِﺑ َﻮ ْﺟ ِ ِﮫ‬ ٍ ِ ِ
ََ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َْ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ َ ُ ََ ْ ُ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َﻓ َﻘ‬
،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬."‫ﺎل " اﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻳﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟﻘﺒﻮ ِر ﻐ ِﻔﺮ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻟﻨﺎ وﻟﻜﻢ أﻧﺘﻢ ﺳﻠﻔﻨﺎ وﻧﺤﻦ ِﺑﺎﻷﺛ ِﺮ‬
(1053 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،254 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﻮل اﻟﺮﺟﻞ إذا دﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺑﺮ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬

Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah passed by

the graves of Al-Madinah, so he turned his face towards them and
said: (As-Salamu alaikum ya ahlul-qubur! Yaghfirul-lahu lana wa
lakun, antum salafuna wa nahnu bil-athar) 'Peace be upon you O
inhabitants of the grave! May Allah forgive us and you; you are our
predecessors and we are to follow you.'" (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-
Janayiz, p. 254, No. 1053)
37 – Visiting Graves | 475

It is mentioned in this hadith that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬would turn to the

graves of the people of Madinah to greet them.

Face towards the qiblah while sitting near a grave

If you have to sit near graves, your face should be towards the qiblah,
so that no one will think that you are asking from the person in the
grave. The hadith says:
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ْ
‫ﺎل ﺧ َﺮ ْﺟ َﻨﺎ َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ َﺟ َﻨﺎ َز ِة َر ُﺟ ٍﻞ ِﻣ َﻦ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ َ َ ِاء ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋﺎ ِز ٍب‬16
َ َ ْ َ ‫ﺼﺎر َﻓ ْﺎﻧ َ َ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ إ َ ْاﻟ َﻘ ْ َو َﻟ ْﻢ ُﻳ ْ َ ْﺪ َ ْﻌ ُﺪ َﻓ َﺠ َﻠ‬ َ
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻧ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ُﻣ ْﺴ َﺘ ْﻘ ِﺒ َﻞ اﻟ ِﻘ ْﺒﻠ ِﺔ َو َﺟﻠ ْﺴ َﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺲ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ
(3212 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،469 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﯿﻒ ﯾﺠﻠﺲ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫َﻣ َﻌ ُﮫ‬

Hadhrat al-Bara' ibn Azib (raz) narrated: “We went out with the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬to the funeral of a man of the Ansar, but when
we reached the grave, the niche in the side had not yet been made,
so the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬sat down facing the qiblah, and we sat down along
with him.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Janayiz, p. 469, No. 3212)

In this hadith it is said that the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬sat in the graveyard
facing the Qibla, this is the attequtte.

Under normal circumstances, women are not allowed to go to

the grave

Under normal circumstances, women are not allowed to go to the

grave, because they wail, and engage in acts contrary to the Shari'ah.
However, due to some other hadiths, some Ulama have allowed them
to occasionally go to the grave with the abovementiond seven
conditions.

The hadith forbids women to go to the graveyard:

476 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ْ َ ‫ُﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.‫ات اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر‬
‫ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬17
ِ ‫ ﻟﻌﻦ َر ُﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ زوار‬:‫ﺎل‬ ٍ ِ ِ
ُ ْ َ ّ َ َ ْ َ ْ‫ﱠ‬
(1575 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،224 ‫ ص‬،‫َﻣﺎ َﺟ َﺎء ِ اﻟﻨ ِ ﻋﻦ ِز ﺎر ِة اﻟ ِ ﺴ ِﺎء اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬
َ ُ

It was narrated that Hadhrat Ibn ‘Abbas (raz) said: “The Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬cursed women who visit graves.” (Ibn Majah, Chapter: What
was narrated concerning the prohibition of women visiting the
graves, p. 224, No. 1575)
َ َ
‫ﻳﻦ َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ‬
ْ ْ َ َ
‫ات اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر َواﻟ ُﻤ ﱠﺘ ِﺨ ِﺬ‬
‫ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬18
ِ ‫ ﻟﻌﻦ َر ُﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ زا ِﺋﺮ‬: ‫ﺎل‬ ٍ ِ ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﮐﺮا ﯿﺔ أن ﯾﺘﺨﺬ ﻋ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬. ‫ﺎﺟ َﺪ َواﻟﺴﺮج‬ َ ُ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ْاﻟ َﻤ‬
‫ﺴ‬
ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻐﻠﯿﻆ اﺗﺨﺎذ اﻟﺴﺮج ﻋ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﯽ‬320 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،88 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻣ ﺪا‬
(2045 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،286 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz) said: "The Messenger of
Allah cursed women who visit graves, and those who take them as
Masjid and put lamps on them." (al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Salat, Bab Ma
Jaa fi Karahiyat an Yuttakhaza ala al-Qabr Masjada, p. 88, No. 320;
Sunan al-Nasa'i, Kitab al-Janayiz, Chapter: The Stern Warning Against
Putting Lamp On Graves, p. 286, No. 2045)

According to this hadith, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be

upon him) cursed the women who visit the grave, so it is not good for
women to go to the grave under normal circumstances.

Yes, occasionally there is some room for women to visit the graves, as
the following hadiths says:
ْ َ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎ ﺸ أن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ َر ﱠﺧ‬19
، ‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔﺑﺎب ﻣﺎﺟﺎء ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬.‫ﺺ ِ ِزَ ﺎ َر ِة اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮر‬
(1570 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،223 ‫ص‬

It was narrated fromHadhrat ‘Aishah (raz) that the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬gave permission for visiting the graves.” (Ibn Majah, Chapter:
What was narrated concerning visiting the graves, p. 223, No. 1570)
37 – Visiting Graves | 477

The word of this hadith indicate that if she visits occasionally, it is

allowable.
ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻗ ْﺪ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑ ِﻴﮫ‬،‫ﺎن ْﺑﻦ ُﺑ َﺮْ َﺪ َة‬
َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﺳ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻤ‬20
ِ ِ
ََ ُّ َ ُ َ ‫َ َ َ ْ ُ ّ َ ُ ُ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُْ َ ْ َ ُُ َ
،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ‫اﻵﺧﺮة‬ ِ ‫َ ْﻴﺘﻜ ْﻢ ﻋﻦ ِز ﺎ َر ِة اﻟﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر ﻓﻘﺪ أ ِذن ِ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ِ ِز ﺎر ِة ﻗ ِ أ ِﻣ ِﮫ ﻓﺰورو ﺎ ﻓ ِﺈ ﺎ ﺗﺬ ِﻛﺮ‬
(1054 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،254 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﺮﺧﺼﺔ ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬

Hadhrat Sulaiman bin Buraidah (raz) narrated from his father that the
Messenger of Allah said: "I had prohibited you from visiting the
graves. But Muhammad was permitted to visit the grave of his
mother: so visit them, for they will remind you of the Hereafter." (Al-
Tirmidhi, Book of Funerals, Chapter: What Has Been Related About
The Permission To Visit The Graves, p. 254, No. 1054)
َ َ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل ﻓ ُﺤ ِﻤ َﻞ ِإ َﻣﻜﺔ ﻓ ُﺪ ِﻓ َﻦ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫اﻟﺮ ْﺣ َﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ أ ﻲ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺑﺎ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َأ ﻲ ُﻣ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻜ َﺔ َﻗ‬21
‫ َﻟ ﱠﻤﺎ ُﺗ ُﻮ ِ ّ َ ﻋﺒﺪ ﱠ‬:‫ﺎل‬
ِ
ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ‫َ ََ ﱠ َ َ ْ ِ َ َ ُ ََ ْ ََْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ِ ﺎ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗ ِﺪﻣﺖ ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ أﺗﺖ ﻗ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤ ِﻦ ﺑ ِﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ‬
(1055 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،255 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺮﺧﺼﺔ ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬

Ibn Abu Mulaika said that when Hadhrat ‘Abd ar-Rahman b. Abu Bakr
died in al-Hubshihe was conveyed to Mecca and buried there. When
Hadhrat ‘A’isha arrived she went to the grave of ‘Abd ar. Rahman b.
Abu Bakr…” (Al-Tirmidhi, Book of Funerals, Chapter: What Has Been
Related About The Permission To Visit The Graves, p. 255, No. 1055)

These hadiths show that women can also go to the grave ocassionally.

It is makrooh to build structure on a grave

It is undesirable to build a structure on a grave, as the hadith says:

َ ‫ﺺ ْاﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ُر َو َأ ْن ُﻳ ْﻜ َﺘ َﺐ َﻋ َﻠ ْ َ ﺎ َو َأ ْن ُﻳ ْﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َأ ْن ُﺗ َﺠ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬22

‫ﺎل َﻧ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ٍ َِ
ََ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ْ َ َ
ْ ‫ ﺑﺎب َﻣﺎ َﺟ َﺎء ﻛ َﺮا َﻴﺔ ﺗ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ﻮﻃﺄ‬ َ ُ ْ َ َ ََْ َ
،‫ﻴﺺ اﻟﻘﺒﻮ ِر واﻟ ِﻜﺘﺎﺑ ِﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺼ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﻠ ﺎ وأن ﺗ‬
478 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻋ اﻟﻘﺒﻮر و اﻟﮑﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬1052 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،254 ‫ص‬
(1562 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،222

Hadhrat Jabir (raz) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah prohibited

plastering graves, writing on them, building over them, and treading
on them." (Al-Tirmidhi, Book of Funerals, Chapter: What Has Been
Related About It Being Disliked To Plaster Graves And Write On Them,
p. 254, No. 1052; Ibn Majah, Chapter about prohibition of
construction and writing on graves, p. 222, No. 1562)

ْ‫ﺺ ْاﻟ َﻘ ْ ُ َو َأ ْن ُﻳ ْﻘ َﻌ َﺪ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ َو َأن‬َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ

‫ﺎل ﻧ َ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ أن ﻳﺠﺼ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺟ ِﺎﺑ ٍﺮ‬23
ِ
َ ْ ْ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﱠ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ُﻳ ْﺒ َ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ‬
ْ ‫اﻟﻨ ْ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺗ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬،‫ َواﻟ ِﺒ َﻨ ِﺎء‬، ِ ْ ‫ﻴﺺ اﻟ َﻘ‬ ِ ِ‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ِ
(2245/970 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،390

Hadhrat Jabir (raz) said: “Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬forbade that the

graves should be plastered or they be used as sitting places (for the
people), or a building should be built over them.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab
al-Janayiz, Chapter: The prohibition of plastering graves or erecting
structures over them, p. 390, No. 970/2245)

َْ َ َ َ ‫ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ‬23
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬. ِ ْ ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ ﻧ َ أ ْن ُﻳ ْﺒ َ َﻋ اﻟﻘ‬ ٍ ِ ِ
(1564 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،222 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻋ اﻟﻘﺒﻮر و اﻟﮑﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat Abu Sa’eed (raz) that the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
forbade building structures over graves. (Ibn Majah, Chapter about
prohibition of construction and writing on graves, p. 222, No. 1564)

All three hadiths say that building a structure on grave is strictly

forbidden.
37 – Visiting Graves | 479

Argument of those who Build Tombs

Some people say that it is permissible to construt a building over

grave to recite the Qur'an, or to pray for the dead, and for this they
quote the sayings of some elders. But it has flaws and shortcomings:

(1) If it is strictly forbidden in the hadith, then it is not correct to

present the opinion of an elder as argument.
(2) Nowadays, people build less for reciting the Qur'an, and more
for fame, qawwali and beating drums. You can see many such
stuff on YouTube and the Internet.
(3) The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
comprehended the fear that this Ummah, like the previous
peoples, would fall into the nonesene activities; therefore he
forbade strictly to build any structure over graves and light
candles thereupon.

Why is there Dome and Tomb over the Grave of the Prophet
(‫?)ﷺ‬

According to the hadith mentioned above, there should be no

structure over the grave of the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬then why it is so. The
first thing is that his grave was in the room of Hadhrat Ayisha (raz), so
there was already a structure over it, and this remained for many
years. People used to come from outside, they wanted to go to the
grave, while some people even started picking up soil from there, so
a wall was built around the grace so that people would not get inside
and should commit any such act.

Leter, an accident took place in 557 AH / 1162 AD during the reign of

Sultan Nur al-Din Zangi, that some Jews made a tunnel to the tomb of
the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and tried to desecrate him, so Nur al-Din Zangi
built a strong glass base around the tomb so that no one can reach to
the grave.
480 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Again, in view of these circumstances, Sultan Saif-ud-Din Qalawun

repaired the wall in 678 AH 1279 AD and erected a strong wooden
wall around the grave and built a roof, so that is secured from above
as well and no one could enter from the surroundings. Due to this
compulsion, a wooden wall and roof were built around grave of the
Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, otherwise according to the hadith, there should be
no building or roof on it.

The wall was made of wood at that time, so a huge fire broke out in
this building in 886 AH / 1481 AD, due to which the Egyptian Sultan
Qatibai built it with bricks and stones and constructed a strong dome
over it. At that time the building was painted in plain colours. In 1253
AH / 1837 AD, Sultan Mahmud bin Abdul Hameed painted it green
colour, and that colour continues to this day.

Acting upon the hadith, the grave of the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, and the
graves of Hadhrat Abu Bakr and Hadhrat Umar (may Allah be pleased
with them) are still covered with soil and pebbles are spread on them,
but for the sake of safety from the people, wall was constructed over
a distance as well as roof was built.

The tomb of the Holy Prophet is covered with soil, as the hadith says:

‫ﺎل َد َﺧ ْﻠ ُﺖ َﻋ َ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ َﻓ ُﻘ ْﻠ ُﺖ َﻳﺎ ُأ ﱠﻣ ْﮫ ْاﻛﺸﻔﻲ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻗ ْ ﱠ‬

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﻟ َﻘﺎﺳﻢ‬24
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َْ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ
‫ﺎﺣﺒﻴ ِﮫ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ ﻓﻜﺸﻔﺖ ِ ﻋﻦ ﺛﻼﺛ ِﺔ ﻗﺒﻮ ٍر ﻻ ﻣﺸ ِﺮﻓ ٍﺔ وﻻ ﻻ ِﻃﺌ ٍﺔ ﻣﺒﻄﻮﺣ ٍﺔ ِﺑﺒﻄﺤ ِﺎء‬ ِ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ وﺻ‬
ْ َ َْْ
(3220 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،470 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﺴﻮ ﺔ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫ﺻ ِﺔ ا َ ْﻤ َﺮ ِاء‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺮ‬

Hadhrat Al-Qasim said: I said to Aisha! Mother, show me the grave of

the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬and his two Companions (Allah be pleased
with them). She showed me three graves which were neither high nor
low, but were spread with soft red pebbles. (Abu Dawud, Book of
Funerals, Chapter on Levelling the Grave, p. 47, No. 3220)

It is said in this hadith that red pebbles were lying on the grave of the
Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Therefore, this is a special case with the Prophet
37 – Visiting Graves | 481

(‫)ﷺ‬, and one should not argue about building domes on other graves
referring to the building around the grave of the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬.

It is also Makrooh to make the Grave too High

It is also not right to raise the grave too high, as the hadith says:
َ َ َ ُ َ‫َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ
َ ‫اﻷ َﺳ ِﺪ ّي َﻗ‬ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ْاﻟ َ ﱠ‬25
‫َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل‬ ‫ﺎل ِ َﻋ ِ ﱡ ْﺑ ُﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﻃ ِﺎﻟ ٍﺐ أﻻ أ ْ َﻌﺜ َﻚ َﻋ َﻣﺎ َ َﻌ ِﺜ‬ ِ ‫ﺎج‬
ِ ‫ﻴ‬ ِ
ُ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ً ﱠ ََ ْ َ ُ َ َ ًَْ ُ ْ ً ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
،‫ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬ ) .‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ أن ﻻ ﺗﺪع ِﺗﻤﺜﺎﻻ ِإﻻ ﻃﻤﺴﺘﮫ وﻻ ﻗ ا ﻣﺸ ِﺮﻓﺎ ِإﻻ ﺳﻮ ﺘﮫ‬
(2243/969 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،389 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب اﻷﻣﺮ ﺑ ﺴﻮ ﺔ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬

Abu'l-Hayyaj al-Asadi told that 'Ali (b. Abu Talib) said to him:

Should I not send you on the same mission as Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬
sent me? Do not leave an image without obliterating it, or a high grave
without levelling it. This hadith has been reported by Habib with the
same chain of transmitters and he said: (Do not leave) a picture
without obliterating it. (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Janayiz, Chapter: The
command to level the grave, p. 389, No. 696/2243)

It is stated in this hadith that a high grave should be leveled, so it is

not good to keep the grave high, so it is not good to make the grave
cemented and make it high.

Some people have said that this command was to level the grave of a
disbelievers, but this interpretation is not correct because no
specificity of a grave is mentioned in this hadith, therefore this rule
will apply all graves.

It is also Makrooh to Build a Mosque Around the Grave

It is mentioned in a hadith:
482 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ
‫ﻳﻦ َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ‬
ْ ْ َ َ
‫ات اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر َواﻟ ُﻤ ﱠﺘ ِﺨ ِﺬ‬
‫ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬26
ِ ‫ ﻟﻌﻦ َر ُﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ زا ِﺋﺮ‬: ‫ﺎل‬ ٍ ِ ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﮐﺮا ﯿﺔ أن ﯾﺘﺨﺬ ﻋ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬. ‫ﺎﺟ َﺪ َواﻟﺴ ُﺮج‬ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ْاﻟ َﻤ‬
‫ﺴ‬
ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻐﻠﯿﻆ اﺗﺨﺎذ اﻟﺴﺮج ﻋ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﯽ‬320 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،88 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻣ ﺪا‬
(2045 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،286 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz) said: "The Messenger of
Allah cursed women who visit graves, and those who take them as
Masjid and put lamps on them." (al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Salat, Bab Ma
Jaa fi Karahiyat an Yuttakhaza ala al-Qabr Masjada, p. 88, No. 320;
Sunan al-Nasa'i, Kitab al-Janayiz, Chapter: The Stern Warning Against
Putting Lamp On Graves, p. 286, No. 2045)

‫ض‬ ‫ر‬ْ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻛ ِﻨ َﺴ ًﺔ َ َرأ ْ َ ﺎ ﺑ َﺄ‬ ‫ﱠ‬

‫ل‬ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ُ ‫ َذ َﻛ َﺮ ْت ﻟ َﺮ‬،‫ َأ ﱠن ُأ ﱠم َﺳ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬27
‫ﺳ‬ ِ ِ
ِ ِ
‫ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ََ ْ َ َ ﱡ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬،‫ ﻓﺬﻛﺮت ﻟﮫ ﻣﺎ رأت ِﻓ ﺎ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮ ِر‬،‫ا ﺸ ِﺔ ﻳﻘﺎل ﻟ ﺎ ﻣﺎ ِر ﺔ‬
َ ‫ َو‬،‫اﻟﺼﺎ ُ ـ َﺑ َﻨ ْﻮا َﻋ َ َﻗ ْ ﻩ َﻣ ْ ًﺪا‬ ُ ‫اﻟﺮ‬ َ ُ ‫ُ َ َ َْ ٌ َ َ َ ُ ْ َْ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ ﱠﻮ ُروا ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ‬ ِ ِِ
‫ِﱠ‬ ُ
‫ﻞ‬ ‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫و‬
ِ ‫" أوﻟ ِﺌﻚ ﻗﻮم ِ ُإذا ﻣﺎت ِﻓ ِ ﻢ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ اﻟﺼﺎ ِ ـ‬
‫أ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َْ ْ َ ‫ِﺗ ْﻠ َﻚ ﱡ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ أوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ ِﺷ َﺮ ُار ا ﻠ ِﻖ ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬،‫اﻟﺼ َﻮ َر‬
(434 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،75 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺒﯿﻌﺔ‬

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) narrated: “Um Salama told Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬
about a church which she had seen in Ethiopia and which was called
Mariya. She told him about the pictures which she had seen in it.
Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "If any righteous pious man dies amongst
them, they would build a place of worship at his grave and make these
pictures in it; they are the worst creatures in the sight of Allah." (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Salat, Bab al-Salat fi al-Bi'ah, p. 75, No. 434)

According to these hadiths, it is makrooh to build a mosque near a

grave.

It is also Makrooh to Light Lamp on Grave

Here is the hadith for this:

37 – Visiting Graves | 483

َ َ
‫ﻳﻦ َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ‬
ْ ْ َ َ
‫ات اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر َواﻟ ُﻤ ﱠﺘ ِﺨ ِﺬ‬
‫ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒﺎس‬28
ِ ‫ ﻟﻌﻦ َر ُﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ زا ِﺋﺮ‬: ‫ﺎل‬ ٍ ِ ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﮐﺮا ﯿﺔ أن ﯾﺘﺨﺬ ﻋ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺼﻼة‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬. ‫ﺎﺟ َﺪ َواﻟﺴ ُﺮج‬ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ ‫ْاﻟ َﻤ‬
‫ﺴ‬
ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻐﻠﯿﻆ اﺗﺨﺎذ اﻟﺴﺮج ﻋ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫؛ ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﯽ‬320 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،88 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻣ ﺪا‬
(2045 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،286 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Ibn Abbas (raz) said: "The Messenger of
Allah cursed women who visit graves, and those who take them as
Masjid and put lamps on them." (al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Salat, Bab Ma
Jaa fi Karahiyat an Yuttakhaza ala al-Qabr Masjada, p. 88, No. 320;
Sunan al-Nasa'i, Kitab al-Janayiz, Chapter: The Stern Warning Against
Putting Lamp On Graves, p. 286, No. 2045)
َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ ََ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﻦ َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ‬ ‫ات اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر َواﻟ ُﻤ ﱠﺘ ِﺨ ِﺬ‬
‫ﺮ‬
ِ ِ‫اﺋ‬
‫ز‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻌﻦ رﺳﻮل‬،‫ﺎس‬
‫ﮫ‬‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫َ ْ َﱠ‬
ٍ ‫ ﻋ ِﻦ اﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ‬29
(3236 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،472 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎرة اﻟ ﺴﺎء اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫اﻟﺴ ُﺮ َج‬ ‫ْاﻟ َﻤ َﺴﺎﺟ َﺪ َو ﱡ‬
ِ

Hadhrat Abdullah ibn Abbas (raz) narrated: “The Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬cursed women who visit graves, those who built mosques over
them and erected lamps (there).” (Abu Dawud, Book of Funerals,
Chapter on Visiting of Women to Graves, p. 472, No. 3236)

Nowadays, how much people light lamps on the grave, and how many
colourful lights do they burn, and consider it a work of reward?

It is not right to Lay Flowers on Grave

The Holy Prophet or his companions have never laid flowers on any
grave. In fact, it is the way of the Hindus that they lay flowers on their
idols in order to please them; therefore, we should not follow the way
of the Hindus.

Some people use this hadith to argue for laying flowers on the grave:
484 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻣ ﱠﺮ ﺑ َﻘ ْ َ ْﻳﻦ ُ َﻌ ﱠﺬ َﺑﺎن َﻓ َﻘ‬

‫ﺎل‬ ‫َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َﱠ‬
ِ ِ َِ ِ ِ ‫ﺎس ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ َﻤﺎ ﻋ َ ِﻦ‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋ ِﻦ اﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ‬30
َ ‫ﱠ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْل َ ﱠ‬
َ َ ‫ﻵﺧ ُﺮ َﻓ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫َ ﱠ‬
ِْ ‫ﺎن َﻳ‬
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ وأﻣﺎ ا‬، ِ ‫" ِإ ﱠ ُ َﻤﺎ ﻟ ُﻴ َﻌﺬ َﺑ ِﺎن َو َﻣﺎ ُ َﻌﺬ َﺑ ِﺎن ِ ﻛ ِﺒ ٍ أﻣﺎ أﺣﺪ ﻤﺎ ﻓ ﺎن ﻻ ﺴﺘ ِ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻮ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ً َ ُ َ َ ُ
،‫ ﻓ َﻘﺎﻟﻮا َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬.‫ ﺛ ﱠﻢ ﻏ َﺮز ِ ِ ّﻞ ﻗ ْ ٍ َو ِاﺣ َﺪة‬،‫ﺼ َﻔ ْ ِن‬ْ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َأ َﺧ َﺬ َﺟﺮ َﺪ ًة َر ْﻃ َﺒ ًﺔ َﻓ َﺸ ﱠﻘ َ ﺎ ﺑﻨ‬." ‫ﺎﻟﻨﻤ َﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫ﱠ‬
ِِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِﺑ‬
َ َ َ َ ‫َ ََْ َ َ َ ََ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ﺎل " ﻟ َﻌﻠ ُﮫ أ ْن ُﻳﺨ ﱠﻔﻒ َﻋ ْ ُ َﻤﺎ َﻣﺎ ﻟ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻴ َ َﺴﺎ‬ ‫ِﻟﻢ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ ﺬا ﻓﻘ‬
(1361 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،218 ‫ ص‬، ‫ا ﺮ ﺪة ﻋ اﻟﻘ‬

Hadhrat Ibn `Abbas (raz) narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬once passed by

two graves, and those two persons (in the graves) were being
tortured. He said, "They are being tortured not for a great thing (to
avoid). One of them never saved himself from being soiled with his
urine, while the other went about committing slander (to make
enmity between friends). He then took a green leaf of a date-palm
tree split it into two pieces and fixed one on each grave. The people
said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬Why have you done so?" He replied,
"I hope that their punishment may be lessened till they (the leaf)
become dry." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Janayiz, Bab al-jarida ala al-
qabr, p. 218, No. 1361)

In this hadith, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
put a palm branch on the grave with an anticipation to reduce the
intensity of the torment that was being inflicted on the person in the
grave. Thus, they argue that it is permissible to lay flowers on graves.

But it is important to note that the Prophet (peace and blessings of

Allah be upon him) did this only once, so it is possible that the
punishment was lessened by his blessing, so how can we say that the
torment will be lessened if we lady flowers on grave.

Moreover, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬planted a palm branch, while we lay

flowers, and it resembles the way of the Hindus that they lay flowers
on their idols; therefore it is should be abstained.
37 – Visiting Graves | 485

Nowadays, only flower is not laid on the graves, rather it has become
the business of the mujawirs and they have made it a trading, so see
how different this practice is!

Strange Fatwa

Some people present a fatwa as argument, but this fatwa is not valid
because this fatwa was quoted in al-Fatawa al-Hindiya from less
known book Gharayib and it was not established by any solid proof. It
is as follows:

.‫وﺿﻊ اﻟﻮرد واﻟﺮ ﺎﺣ ن ﻋ اﻟﻘﺒﻮر ﺣﺴﻦ و إن ﺗﺼﺪق ﺑﻘﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﻮرد ﺎن أﺣﺴﻦ ﮐﺬا اﻟﻐﺮاﺋﺐ‬
(351 ‫ ص‬، 5 ‫ ج‬،‫ اﻟﺒﺎب ﺳﺎدس ﻋﺸﺮ ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﮑﺮا ﯿﺔ‬،‫)اﻟﻔﺘﺎوی اﻟ ﻨﺪﯾﺔ‬

“It is better to put rose and flowers on the grave, and if one gives its
value in charity, it still better, as it is mentioned in al-Gharayib.” (Al-
Fataawa al-Hindiyyah, Kitab al-Karahiyyah, Chapter Sixteen about
visting graves, vol. 5, p. 351)

This fatwa was no consolidated with any evidence and neither it was
quoted from any important source, therefore it is not acceptable,
especially nowadays when it has become a big business.

It is not Good to Write on Graves

‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬.‫ء‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﻗﺎل ﻧ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ أن ﯾﮑﺘﺐ ﻋ اﻟﻘ‬31
(1563 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،222 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻋ اﻟﻘﺒﻮر و اﻟﮑﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Jabir (raz): “The Prophet

(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade writing anything
on the grave.” (Ibn Majah, Chapter about prohibition of construction
and writing on graves, p. 222, No. 1563)

In this hadith it is forbidden to write on the grave.

486 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Placing Stone as Symbol on Grave is Permissible

However, it is permissible to place a stone as symbol on the grave.

Putting an object as symbol on grave to show that it is the grave of so
and so person is allowable, but it should not be made common
practice. The evidence for this is the following hadith:
ْ َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َأ ْﻋ َﻠ َﻢ َﻗ ْ َ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬
‫ﺎن ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻣﻈ ُﻌﻮ ٍن‬
‫َﱠ ُ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ‬32
ِ ‫ أن َرﺳﻮل‬،‫ﺲ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ‬
ِ
ْ
(1561 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،222 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬. ‫ِﺑ َ َﺮ ٍة‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) that the Messenger
of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬marked the grave of ‘Uthman bin Maz’un with a rock.”
(Ibn Majah, Chapter: What was narrated concerning markers on
graves, p. 222, No. 1561)

It is not Permissible to Offer Prayers facing Grave

It is not permissible to offer prayers facing the grave, so how can it be

permissible to prostrate in front of it? The hadith says:
َ ْ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ َﻣ ْﺮَﺛ ٍﺪ ْاﻟ َﻐ َﻨﻮ ّي‬33
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻻ ﺗ ْﺠ ِﻠ ُﺴﻮا َﻋ اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر َوﻻ‬ ِ ِ ِ َ ‫ﱡ‬
، ‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻨ ﻋﻦ ا ﻠﻮس ﻋ اﻟﻘ واﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﯿ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺼﻠﻮا ِإﻟ ْ َ ﺎ‬ َ ‫ُﺗ‬
(2250/972 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،390 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi reported the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬as saying: “Do not sit on the graves and do not pray facing towards
them.” (Sahih Muslim, Book of Funerals, Chapter: Prohibition against
sitting and praying on graves, p. 390, No. 972/2250)

This hadeeth proves that it is not permissible to pray facing the grave
so that people do not think that one is worshiping the person in the
grave.
37 – Visiting Graves | 487

Sitting on Grave is Makrooh

Similarly, sitting on grave is like insult to the person in grave, so sitting

on the grave is makrooh. The hadith says:
َ َ ُ ُ ْ ََ ُ ْ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ َ َْ ْ َ َ ّ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻻ ﺗﺠ ِﻠﺴﻮا ﻋ اﻟﻘﺒﻮ ِ وﻻ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﻣﺮﺛ ٍﺪ اﻟﻐﻨ ِﻮ ِي‬33
‫ر‬
َ ‫ُ َﱡ‬
، ‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻨ ﻋﻦ ا ﻠﻮس ﻋ اﻟﻘ واﻟﺼﻼة ﻋﻠﯿ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺼﻠﻮا ِإﻟ ْ َ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺗ‬
(2250/972 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،390 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Abu Marthad al-Ghanawi reported the Messenger of Allah

(‫ )ﷺ‬as saying: “Do not sit on the graves and do not pray facing towards
them.” (Sahih Muslim, Book of Funerals, Chapter: Prohibition against
sitting and praying on graves, p. 390, No. 972/2250)
َ َ َ ْ َ ‫َْ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺺ اﻟ َﻘ ْ ُ َوأ ْن ُﻳ ْﻘ َﻌ َﺪ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َوأ ْن‬ ‫ﺎل ﻧ َ َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ أن ﻳﺠﺼ‬‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺟ ِﺎﺑ ٍﺮ‬34
َ ْ ْ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﱠ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬.‫ُﻳ ْﺒ َ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴﮫ‬
ْ ‫اﻟﻨ ْ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺗ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬،‫ َواﻟ ِﺒ َﻨ ِﺎء‬، ِ ْ ‫ﻴﺺ اﻟ َﻘ‬ ‫ﺼ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﺠ‬ ِ ِ
(2245/970 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،390

Hadhrat Jabir (raz) said: “Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬forbade that the

graves should be plastered or they be used as sitting places (for the
people), or a building should be built over them.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab
al-Janayiz, Chapter: The prohibition of plastering graves or erecting
structures over them, p. 390, No. 970/2245)

It is Makrooh to Trample on Graves

َ ‫ﺺ ْاﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ُر َو َأ ْن ُﻳ ْﻜ َﺘ َﺐ َﻋ َﻠ ْ َ ﺎ َو َأ ْن ُﻳ ْﺒ‬ َ ‫ﺼ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َأ ْن ُﺗ َﺠ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺟﺎﺑﺮ‬35
‫ﺎل َﻧ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ٍ َِ
ََ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ْ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ََْ َ
،‫ﻴﺺ اﻟﻘﺒﻮ ِ واﻟ ِﻜﺘﺎﺑ ِﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬ ‫ر‬ ِ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ِ ﻛﺮا ِ ﻴ ِﺔ ﺗﺠ ِﺼ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ﻋﻠ ﺎ وأن ﺗﻮﻃﺄ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻋ اﻟﻘﺒﻮر و اﻟﮑﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬1052 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،254 ‫ص‬
(1562 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،222

Hadhrat Jabir (raz) narrated: "The Messenger of Allah prohibited

plastering graves, writing on them, building over them, and treading
488 | Samarat al-Aqaid

on them." (Al-Tirmidhi, Book of Funerals, Chapter: What Has Been

Related About It Being Disliked To Plaster Graves And Write On Them,
p. 254, No. 1052; Ibn Majah, Chapter about prohibition of
construction and writing on graves, p. 222, No. 1562)

One Shoule Take off Shoes While Walking between Graves

If you need to walk between graves, take off your shoes so that the
grave is not insulted, but if it is not possible to walk there due to grass
etc., you can wear slippers.
ََ ‫َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ َ ‫َﱠ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ أ ْﻣ ِ َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﻤﺮ ﻋ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ﺎﺻﻴ ِﺔ‬ ِ ‫ أن ِﺸ اﺑﻦ ا ﺼ‬36
َ َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻣ ﱠﺮ َﻋ َ ُﻗ ُﺒﻮر ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺸﺮ ِﻛ َن َﻓ َﻘ‬. " ‫ﺎل " َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َﺳ َﺒ َﻖ َ ُﺆ َﻻ ِء َﺷﺮا َﻛ ِﺜ ً ا‬
َ ‫ُﻗ ُﺒﻮر ْاﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠﻤ َن َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎل " ﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َﺳ َﺒ َﻖ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ
َ َ َ ‫ ﻓ َﺤﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻨﮫ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺗﺔ ﻓ َﺮأى َر ُﺟﻼ َﻳ ْﻤ َﺑ ن اﻟﻘ ُﺒﻮر ْﻌﻠ ْﻴﮫ ﻓﻘ‬. "‫َ ُﺆ َﻻء ﺧ ً ا ﻛﺜ ً ا‬
ً ٌ ُ ْ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ
‫ﺎﺣ َﺐ‬ ِ ‫ﺎل " ﻳﺎ ﺻ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ّ ُ ْ َ َْ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َّ
‫اﻟﻨ َﻌ ِﺎل‬ َ
ِ ِ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻛ َﺮا ِ ﻴ ِﺔ اﻟ َﻤ ِ ﺑ ن اﻟﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﻲ‬." ‫اﻟﺴ ْﺒ ِ ﱠﻴﺘ ِن أﻟ ِﻘ ِ َﻤﺎ‬ ِ
(2050 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،278 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺴ ْﺒ ِ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‬ ّ
ِ

It was narrated that Hadhrat Bashir bin Al-Khasasiyyah (raz) said: "I
was waliking with the Messenger of Allah and he passed by the graves
of the Muslims and aid: 'They died before a great deal of evil came to
them.' Then he passed by the grave of the idolators and said: 'They
died before a great deal of good came to them.' Then he rurned, and
he saw a man walking between the graves in his sandals and he said;
'O you with the Sibtiyah (made of leather) sandals, take them off'.”
(Nisa'i Sharif, Book of Funerals, Chapter: It is disliked to walk between
graves wearing Sibtiyah Sandals, p. 278, No. 2050)

According to this hadith, one should take off leather shoes while
walking between the graves.
37 – Visiting Graves | 489

It is Sunnah to Cook Food for Family of Deceased

The hadith says:

‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻟ ﱠﻤﺎ َﺟ َﺎء َ ْ ُ َﺟ ْﻌ َﻔﺮ َﻗ‬
:‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑﻦ َﺟ ْﻌ َﻔﺮ‬
‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬37
ٍ َ َ َ ٍ ِ
ُ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻄﻌﺎم‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ ﻓ َﻘ ْﺪ أﺗﺎ ُ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ َ ﺸﻐﻠ ُ ْﻢ أ ْو أ ْﻣ ٌﺮ َ ﺸﻐﻠ ُ ْﻢ‬.‫اﺻ َﻨ ُﻌﻮا ﻵ ِل َﺟ ْﻌ َﻔ ٍﺮ ﻃ َﻌ ًﺎﻣﺎ‬
ْ "
(1610 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،229 ‫ ص‬،‫ﯾﺒﻌﺚ إ أ ﻞ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat ‘Abdullah bin Ja’far (raz) said: “When
news of the death of Ja’far was brought, the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: ‘Prepare food for the family of Ja’far, for there has come to them
that which is keeping them busy or something which is keeping them
busy.” (Ibn Majah, Chapter: What was narrated concerning the food
that is sent to the family of the deceased, p. 229, No. 1610)

According to this hadith, food should be sent to the house of the

deceased.

But the situation at this time is that instead of sengding food to the
family of deceased the relatives and other people gather at his house
and stay for so long that the family gets bored.

It is Makrooh to Gathe at the House of Deceased to Eat

Nowadays, the people make the family of deceased to spend so much

in the name of Isal al-Thawab (deliver reward to the dead) that the
heirs get bored and burdened.

However, it is a mustahabb act to deliver the reward, and it is at the

will of the heirs to feed or clothe some of the poor whenever they
wish for delivering the reward to the deceased. There is no need to
set a time or announce it, because it is required to feed the poor
secretly.
490 | Samarat al-Aqaid

But it is fact sometimes a poor person is forced forced to feed the

people by taking interest loan of several thousand rupees from and
then gets rid of this custom. Here is statement of a Sahabi who says:
‫ْ َ َ َ َْ َّْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ َْ َ ّ َ َ ُﱠ‬
‫ﺻ ْﻨ َﻌﺔ اﻟﻄ َﻌ ِﺎم ِﻣ َﻦ‬ ِ ‫ﺎل ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧ َﺮى‬
‫اﻻﺟ ِﺘﻤﺎع ِإ أ ِﻞ اﻟﻤ ِﻴ ِﺖ و‬ ‫ ﻗ‬، ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺮ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ اﻟﺒﺠ‬38
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،230 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎع إ أ ﻞ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ وﺻﻨﻌﺔ اﻟﻄﻌﺎم‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬. ‫ﺎﺣ ِﺔ‬ ّ
َ ‫اﻟﻨ َﻴ‬
ِ
(2279 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،505 ‫ ص‬،1 ‫ ﺟﻠﺪ‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ و ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺎص‬،‫؛ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬16121

It was narrated that Hadhrat Jarir bin ‘Abdullah Al-Bajali (raz) said:
“We used to think that gathering with the family of the deceased and
preparing food was a form of wailing.” (Ibn Majah, Chapter: What was
narrated concerning the prohibition of gathering with the family of
the deceased and preparing food, p. 230, No. 1612; Musnad Ahmad,
Musnad Abdullah bn Amr bin al-Aas, v. 1, p. 505, No. 2279)

It is stated in this hadith that just as they considered it unlawful to

mourn, they also considered it unlawful to have feast at the house of
the dead.

It is not right to announce too much for the deceased

If you announce too much for the dead, there will be crowd and it will
be difficult to handle it, therefore the Shari'ah has set a standard that
there should not be so much crowd. The hadith says:

‫اﻟﻨ ْ َ َﻓﺈ ﱠن ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ْ َ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ َﻤ ِﻞ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل " إ ﱠﻳ ُﺎﻛ ْﻢ َو ﱠ‬ ‫ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ َ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬39
َ َ ْ ْ
َ ‫ َو اﻟ‬. ‫اﻟﻨ ْ ُ أ َذ ٌان ﺑﺎﻟ َﻤ ّﻴ ِﺖ‬ ‫َ َ َُْ ﱠ‬ َ ْ‫ا‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ﺎب َﻋ ْﻦ ُﺣﺬ ْﻳ َﻔﺔ‬ ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ِ ِ
‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو ﱠ‬
ِ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻗ‬ . " ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِِ‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨ ﻲ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬984 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،239 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﮐﺮا ﯿﺔ اﻟﻨ‬
(1476 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،211 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ‬

Hadhrat Abdullah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "Beware

of An-Na'I (announcing death), for indeed announcing one's death is
from the deeds of Jahliyyah." (Ibn Majah, Chapter: What Has Been
37 – Visiting Graves | 491

Related About It Being Disliked To Announce One's Death, p. 211, No.

1476)

In this hadith, it is forbidden to announce the death of the deceased

in public. Yes, it is permissible to report the funeral, but it is not
publicize the news and attract the crowd.

Nowadays, people gather for months at the place of deceased, and it

becomes difficult for the family to do any work, and it costs them a
lot.

One Should Mourn for more than Three Days

The wife will mourn for four months and ten days, while the other
people should not mourn for more than three days, it is forbidden in
the hadith. Those who mourn for forty days or mourn every year are
wrong according to the hadith. The hadith says:

ْ ْ َ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ ُ ُ َ َ َ ُ
.‫ ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ ﻛ ﱠﻨﺎ ﻧ ْﻨ َ أ ْن ﻧ ِﺤ ﱠﺪ َﻋ َﻣ ِّﻴ ٍﺖ ﻓ ْﻮق ﺛﻼ ٍث ِإﻻ َﻋ َز ْو ٍج أ ْرَ َﻌﺔ أﺷ ُ ٍﺮ َو َﻋﺸ ًﺮا‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ّم َﻋ ِﻄ ﱠﻴﺔ‬40
‫؛‬313 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،54 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻄﯿﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﺮأة ﻋﻨﺪ ﻏﺴﻠ ﺎ ﻣﻦ ا ﯿﺾ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﯿﺾ‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬
‫إﻻ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬،‫ ﺑﺎب وﺟﻮب اﻹﺣﺪاد ﻋﺪە اﻟﻮﻓﺎة و ﺗﺤﺮ ﻤ ﻏ ذﻟﮏ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻄﻼق‬،‫ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(3725/1486 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،644 ‫ ص‬،‫أﯾﺎم‬

Hadhrat Umm 'Atiyya ('Allah be pleased with her) said: “We were
forbidden to observe mourning for the dead beyond three days
except in the case of husband (where it is permissible) for four months
and ten days...” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Haydh, Bab al-Teeb li al-
Mar’ah…, p. 54, No. 313; Sahih Muslis, Chapter: mourn during the
'Iddah…, p. 644, No. 1486/3725)

It is stated in this hadith that one should not mourn for more than
three days.
492 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Sinners will be Tormented in the Grave

The torment of the grave is true and the dead have a barzakhi
(transitional) life therein. Here are some verses regarding the same:

ْ َ ً َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َّ َ َ ْ ُ ْ ّ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ ﱣ‬
‫ﺻﺎ ِ ﺎ ِﻓ ْﯿ َﻤﺎ ﺗ َﺮﮐ ُﺖ‬ ‫ ﺣ ِاذا ﺟﺎء اﺣﺪ ﻢ اﻟﻤﻮت ﻗﺎل ر ِب أر ِﺟﻌﻮن ﻟﻌ ِ أﻋﻤﻞ‬20
‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ َ ْ َُ ُْ ْ َ ٰ ٌ َْ َ ْ َ ‫َﱠ ﱠَ َ َ ٌ ُ َ َ َُ َ ْ ﱠ‬
23:100- ‫ﮐﻼ ِا ﺎ ِﻠﻤﺔ ﻮ ﻗﺎ ِﺋﻠ ﺎ و ِﻣﻦ ورا ِﺋ ِ ﻢ ﺑﺮزخ ِا ﯾﻮ ِم ﯾﺒﻌﺜﻮ )ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮ‬
(101

“(The infidels go on doing their misdeeds) until when death comes to

one of them, he will say, .My Lord send me back, so that I may act
righteously in that (world) which I have left behind.. Never! It is simply
a word he utters, and in front of such people there is a barrier till the
day when they will be resurrected.” [23:100-101]

َ ُ َ َ ُ َُْ ُ ‫َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ‫َ َ َ ٰ ْ َ ْ َن‬
‫ﺿ ْﻮن َﻋﻠ ْﯿ َ ﺎ ﻏ َﺪوا ﱠو َﻋﺸﯿﺎ َو َﯾ ْﻮ َم‬‫ اﻟﻨﺎر ﻌﺮ‬،‫اب‬ِ ‫ﺎق ِﺑﺎ ِل ِﻓﺮﻋﻮ ﺳﻮء َ اﻟﻌ‬
‫ﺬ‬ ‫ و ﺣ‬21
َ َ ْ ‫َ ُ ْ ُ ﱠ َ ُ ُ ْ ُ ُ ْ ٰ َ ْ َ ْ َن َ ﱠ‬
(40:45-46 ‫اب )ﺳﻮرة ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‬ ِ ‫ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ أدﺧﻠﻮا ال ِﻓﺮﻋﻮ أﺷﺪ اﻟﻌﺬ‬
“And the House of Pharaoh was encircled by an evil punishmen. It is
the Fire before which they are presented morning and evening. And
on the day when the Hour (of final judgment) will take place, (the
order will be released,): .Admit the family of Pharaoh into the most
severe punishment.” [40:45-46]

ْ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ َْ َ َْْ َََ ْ َ ُْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ َ

‫ﺎﺳﻄ ْﻮا أ ْﯾ ِﺪ ْ ِ ْﻢ أﺧ ِﺮ ُﺟ ْﻮا‬
ِ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﮑ‬ ‫ﺋ‬
ِ ‫ﻼ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬
ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ات‬
ِ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻏ‬ ِ ‫ن‬‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺎﻟ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻈ‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ی‬ ٰ
ِ ِ ‫ و ﻟﻮ‬22
‫ا‬ ‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺗ‬
ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َْ ْ ُ َ ْ َْ ُ ُ َ ُ َْ
‫ن‬
(6:93 ‫اﻧﻔﺴﮑﻢ اﻟﯿﻮم ﺗﺠﺰون ﻋﺬاب اﻟ ﻮ ِ )ﺳﻮرة اﻻ ﻌﺎم‬

“…If only you could witness when the unjust are in the throes of
death, and the angels stretch their hands (and say), Out with your
souls. Today, you shall have your punishment, a punishment of
humiliationIn these three verses there is a reference to the torment
of the grave…” [6:93]
37 – Visiting Graves | 493

Here are some hadiths regarding the same:

‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َو َﻗ ْﺪ َو َﺟ َﺒﺖ ﱠ‬

ُ ‫اﻟﺸ ْﻤ‬ ‫ﺎل َﺧ َﺮ َج ﱠ‬
َ َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ َ َ ْ َ
،‫ﺲ‬ ِ ِ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻮب‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ‬41
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺘﻌﻮذ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ﻮر َ ﺎ‬ ُُ ُ ‫َ َ َ َ ًْ َ َ َ َُ ُ ُ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ‫ﻓﺴ ِﻤﻊ ﺻﻮﺗﺎ ﻓﻘﺎل " ﻮد ﻌﺬب ِ ﻗﺒ‬
(1375 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،220 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬

Hadhrat Abu Aiyub (raz) narrated: “Once the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬went out
after sunset and heard a dreadful voice, and said, "The Jews are being
punished in their graves." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Funerals,
Chapter: To seek refuge from the punishment in the grave, p. 220, No.
1375)
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ َ
‫ ﻗﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ ﻓ َﻤﺎ َرأ ْﻳ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬...‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ‬42
ْ ُ َ َ ٌَُْ َ َ َْْ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ْ ُ َﱠ َ ًَ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬." ‫اب اﻟ َﻘ ْ ِ َﺣ ﱞﻖ‬ ‫ زاد ﻏﻨﺪر " ﻋﺬ‬. ِ ‫اب اﻟﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻌﺪ ﺻ ﺻﻼة ِإﻻ ﻌﻮذ ِﻣﻦ ﻋﺬ‬
(1372 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،220 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Masruq narrated: …. Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) said, "After that I

never saw Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬but seeking refuge with Allah from
the punishment in the grave in every prayer he prayed." (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Book of Funerals, Chapter: The punishment in the grave, p.
220, No. 1372)

‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠ َ ﺎ َﺳﻤ َﻌﺖ ﱠ‬،‫ﺎل َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ ْﺘ ْاﺑ َﻨ ُﺔ َﺧﺎﻟﺪ ْﺑﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ ْﺑﻦ ْاﻟ َﻌﺎص‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻣﻮ َ ْﺑﻦ ُﻋ ْﻘ َﺒ َﺔ‬43
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ ُ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﱠ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬. ْ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َو ُ َﻮ َﻳﺘ َﻌ ﱠﻮذ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬
‫اﻟﺘ َﻌ ﱡﻮ ِذ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ََ
(1376 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،221 ‫ ص‬، ِ ْ ‫اب اﻟ َﻘ‬ ِ ‫ﻋﺬ‬

Hadhrat Musa bin `Uqba narrated from the daughter of Khalid bin Sa
id bin Al-`Asi, who said: “She had heard the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬seeking
refuge with Allah from the punishment in the grave.” (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Book of Funerals, Chapter: To seek refuge from the
punishment in the grave, p. 221, No. 1376)
494 | Samarat al-Aqaid
ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ْ
‫ َو َ ﺄ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ‬... ‫ ﺧ َﺮ ْﺟ َﻨﺎ َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِ َﺟ َﻨﺎ َز ِة‬: ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ َ َ ِاء ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻋﺎ ِز ٍب‬44
ََ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ َ ََ
‫ " َو َﻌ ُﺎد ُرو ُﺣ ُﮫ ِ َﺟ َﺴ ِﺪ ِﻩ َو َ ﺄ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ َﻣﻠ ِﺎن‬...‫ َرِّ َﻲ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ‬: ‫ َﻣ ْﻦ َرﱡ َﻚ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل‬: ‫َﻣﻠ ِﺎن ﻓ ُﻴ ْﺠ ِﻠ َﺴ ِﺎﻧ ِﮫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻻ ِن ﻟ ُﮫ‬
ََ َ َ َ َ
،‫ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻟ اء ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎذب‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫ َ ْﺎﻩ َ ْﺎﻩ َ ْﺎﻩ ﻻ أ ْد ِري‬: ‫ َﻣ ْﻦ َرﱡ َﻚ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل‬: ‫ﻓ ُﻴ ْﺠ ِﻠ َﺴ ِﺎﻧ ِﮫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮﻻ ِن‬
(4753 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،682 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ اﻟﻘ وﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬،‫؛ أﺑﻮ داؤد‬18063 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،364 ‫ ص‬،5 ‫ج‬

Hadhrat Al-Bara' ibn Azib (raz) narrated: We went out with the
Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬accompanying the funeral of a man… Two
angels will come to him, make him sit up and ask him: Who is your
Lord? He will reply: My Lord is Allah… The, two angels will come to
him, make him sit up and ask him: Who is your Lord? He will reply:
Alas, alas! I do not know.” (Musnad Ahmad, Hadith of Al-Bara bin
Azeb, vol. 5, p. 364, No. 18063; Abu Dawud, Chapter: Questioning And
Punishment In The Grave, p. 682, No. 4753)

In this hadith it is said that the Holy Prophet used to seek refuge from
the torment of the grave. This also shows that there is an interim life
after death before doomsday. In the abovementioned hadiths it is
said that man is tormented in the grave.

These were 22 verses and 44 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have see.
 | 495

38 – Celebrating Urs at Graves is

Unlawful

The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬Forbade Reverence for Graves

We shall quote 2 verses and 10 hadiths about this belief, the details
of which are as follows:

Celebrating Urs on graves is a form of Eid, and the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade Eid on the grave, so it is not
permissible. The evidence for this is the following hadith:
ُ َ َ ً ُُ ْ ُ َ ُُ َُ ْ َ َ
‫ﻮرا َوﻻ ﺗ ْﺠ َﻌﻠﻮا‬ ‫ "ﻻ ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻮا ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻜﻢ ﻗﺒ‬:‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬1
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬ ِ
ُ ُ ُ ُْ َ ْ ُ ََ َ ‫َْ ي ً َ َ ﱡ ََ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎرة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﮏ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫َﺣ ْﻴﺚ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﻗ ِ ِﻋﻴﺪا وﺻﻠﻮا ﻋ ﻓ ِﺈن ﺻﻼﺗﻜﻢ ﺗﺒﻠﻐ‬
(2042 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،296 ،‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬
Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Do
not make your houses graves, and do not make my grave a place of
festivity. But invoke blessings on me, for your blessings reach me
wherever you may be.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Manasik, p. 296, No.
2042)

It is stated in this hadith that do not make grave a place of celebration,

and Urs is a kind of celebration, so it is not permissible.

It is not correct to argue on Urs from the following hadith as some

people have argued from this hadith that Urs is permissible:
496 | Samarat al-Aqaid

:‫ ﻓﯿﻘﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ اﺑﺮا ﯿﻢ اﻟﺘﯿ ﻗﺎل ﺎن اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﯾﺄ ﻲ ﻗﺒﻮر اﻟﺸﻬﺪاء ﻋﻨﺪ رأس ا ﻮل‬2
.‫ و ﻋﻤﺮ وﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﯾﻔﻌﻠﻮن ذﻟﮏ‬،‫ ﻗﺎل و ﺎن أﺑﻮ ﺑﮑﺮ‬،‫اﻟﺴﻼم ﻋﻠﯿﮑﻢ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺻ ﺗﻢ ﻓﻨﻌﻢ ﻋﻘ اﻟﺪار‬
(6716 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،573 ‫ ص‬، 3 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫)ﻣﺼﻨﻒ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮزاق‬
It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-
Taymi (raz) that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬used to visit the graves of the martyrs
at the beginning of the year, and would say: peace be upon you for
what you bore with patience, so how nice is the abode of the
hereafter. The narrator says that Hadhrat Abu Bakr, Hadhrat Umar
and Hadhrat Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them) used to do
so.” (Musannaf Abdul Razzaq, Chapter: Visiting Graves, v. 3, p. 573,
No. 6716)

According to this hadith, the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬used to visit the graves of

martyrs of Uhud at the beginning of the year, and similarly Hadhrat
Abu Bakr, Hadhrat Umar and Hadhrat Uthman used to do the same.
From this hadith, some people have argued that it is permissible to
have urs once a year.

But this has these 4 flaws:

(1) The first thing is that the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allah be upon him) used to go without any announcement.
That is why only few people knew about it. That is why this
hadith is not mentioned in any book of the six most authentic
books of hadiths, it was mentioned only in Musannaf of Abdul
Razzaq.
According to this hadith, if a person goes to the graveyard
from time to time and only comes back after reciting, “ ‫اﻟﺴﻼم‬
‫ ”ﻋﻠﯿﮑﻢ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺻ ﺗﻢ ﻓﻨﻌﻢ ﻋﻘ اﻟﺪار‬then no one has any problem. But
what is happening in Urs that date is fixed, scores of rupees
are spent on it, it is announced for months, countless people
are invited and there is somuch pomp and show that the
Hindu festival should be ashamed, so how can this be
allowed?
38 – Celebrating Urs at Graves is Unlawful | 497

(2) The second thing is that in this hadith, the Tabi'i (Muhammad
ibn Ibrahim al-Taymi) has narrated the practice of the Holy
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and he did not mention the name of Sahabi who
narrated this hadith to him, so this hadeeth is not of Marfu’
status, rather it is Mursal which is lesser in grade.

(3) Similarly, Urs is celebrated like Eid, and it has just been said
that the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬forbade the celebration like Eid
before graves, so how can Urs be allowed?

(4) No Companion or a Tabi’i has performed Urs, so how can it

be permissible? On the contrary, looking at the above
hadiths, it is clear that the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allah be upon him) forbade such things, so that people do not
gradually become involved in shirk.

The fact is that it is a business of some clever people for accumulating

wealth and money, as you yourself can conclude after a bit of
contemplation.

It is known from the following hadith that the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬used
to visit the graves of the martyrs from time to time, but no date was
fixed for it.
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َْ َ ‫ﻴﻌ َﺔ َﻗ‬
‫ ُﻳ َﺤ ِّﺪث َﻋ ْﻦ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬،‫ﺎل َﻣﺎ َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ ﻃ َ ﺔ ْﺑ َﻦ ُﻋ َﺒ ْﻴ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َر‬3
ِ‫َ ﱡ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ ُْ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ً َ
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﻠﺖ وﻣﺎ ﻮ ﻗﺎل ﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ رﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬. ‫ﻳﺚ و ِاﺣ ٍﺪ‬ ٍ ‫ﺣ ِﺪﻳﺜﺎ ﻗﻂ ﻏ ﺣ ِﺪ‬
ُْ َ َ ‫ََ ﱠ َ َﱠَْ َْ َ َ ُُ ٌ َ ْ ﱠ‬ َ ْ ْ َ َ ‫ُﻳﺮ ُﺪ ُﻗ ُﺒﻮ َر ﱡ‬
‫ﺎل ﻗﻠ َﻨﺎ َﻳﺎ‬‫اﻟﺸ َﻬ َﺪ ِاء َﺣ ﱠ ِإذا أﺷ َﺮﻓ َﻨﺎ َﻋ َﺣ ﱠﺮ ِة َو ِاﻗ ٍﻢ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻟﻴﻨﺎ ِﻣﻨﻬﺎ و ِ ذا ﻗﺒﻮر ِﺑﻤﺤ ِﻨﻴ ٍﺔ ﻗ‬
ُ‫ﺎل " َ ﺬﻩ ُﻗ ُﺒﻮر‬َ َ َ َ ‫ََ ﱠ َْ ُُ َ ﱡ‬ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ َ ‫َ ُِ َ ﱠ‬
ِِ ‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ِﺟﺌﻨﺎ ﻗﺒﻮر اﻟﺸﻬﺪ ِاء ﻗ‬. " ‫ِﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ أﻗﺒﻮر ِإﺧﻮ ِاﻧﻨﺎ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﻗﺎل " ﻗﺒﻮر أ‬
ْ
(2043 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،296 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﮏ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ِإﺧ َﻮ ِاﻧ َﻨﺎ‬
Narrated Rabi'ah said, I did not hear Talhah ibn Ubaydullah narrating
any hadith from the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬except one. He was asked:
What is that? He said: “We went out along with the Messenger of
498 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬who was going to visit the graves of the martyrs. When we
ascended Harrah Waqim, and then descended from it, we found there
some graves at the turning of the valley. We asked: Messenger of
Allah, are these the graves of our brethren? He replied: Graves of our
companions. When we came to the graves of martyrs, he said: These
are the graves of our brethren.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Manasik, Bab
Ziyarat al-Qubur, p. 296, No. 2043)

It is clear from this hadith that the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬used to visit the
graves of the martyrs of Uhud occasionally.

Some people have extracted the legitimacy of Urs, Chehlum etc from
the sayings and deeds of the elders who passed some 1100 years
before. But this is not acceptable; because the action of the elders
does not prove a doctrinal issue. To prove it, a clear verse, or a clear
hadith, is required. Rather, instead many hadiths have been
presented against it.

So, these things are no longer for remembrance of the Hereafter,

rather they are for the things of this world, but have become a means
of entertainment and exploiting people in the name of religion.

Singing and Playing Drums and Tabla are Haraam

It is permissible to recite a few poems or naats, provided that they are

not accompanied by drums, tabla, harmoniums and other musical
instruments. If there are instruments to be played, then no song is
permissible.

Here are some verses from the Qur’an:

َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻳﺚ ِﻟ ُﻴ ِﻀ ﱠﻞ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺳ ِ ِﻴﻞ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِ ﻐ ْ ِ ِﻋﻠ ٍﻢ َو َ ﱠﺘ ِﺨﺬ َ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ َ ْ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس َﻣ ْﻦ َ ْﺸ َ ي َﻟ ْ َﻮ ا‬
‫ َوﻣ َﻦ ﱠ‬1
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
[31:6 ‫اب ُﻣ ِ ٌن ]ﻟﻘﻤﺎن‬ ٌ ‫ُ ُﺰ ًوا ُأ َوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ ﻟ ُ ْﻢ َﻋﺬ‬
َ َ
38 – Celebrating Urs at Graves is Unlawful | 499

“There is a man among the people who buys discourses of distracting

amusements, so that he may mislead (people) from the Way of Allah,
and make a mockery of it. For such people there is a disgraceful
punishment.” [31:7]

This verse expresses hatred for things that make a man careless.

ُ ُ ُ َ ً َ ْ ََ ً َ ُ ‫َ َ َ َ ََ ُُ ْ ْ َ َْْ ﱠ‬
َ ‫وﻗﻮا ْاﻟ َﻌ َﺬ‬
‫اب ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ‬ ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺎن ﺻﻼ ﻢ ِﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺒ ِﺖ ِإﻻ ﻣ ﺎء وﺗﺼ ِﺪﻳﺔ ﻓﺬ‬2
َْ
[8:35 ‫ﺗﻜ ُﻔ ُﺮو َن ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل‬

“And their prayer near the House was not more than whistling and
clapping. So, taste the punishment, because you used to disbelieve.”
[8:36]

The disbelievers used to clap and whistle near the House of Allah,
Allah hated it, and this is what happens in Qawwali, so it should be
stopped.

Here are some hadiths regarding the same:

‫َْ َ ﱡ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﻣﺎ َﻛ َﺬ َﺑ َﺳﻤ َﻊ ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َأ ُﺑﻮ َﻋﺎﻣﺮ ـ َأ ْو َأ ُﺑﻮ‬4
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل‬ ِ ِ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ي‬‫ﺮ‬ِ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺷ‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻚ‬ ‫ﺎﻟ‬
ٍ ِ ‫ﻣ‬ ٍِ ِ
َ َ َْ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ ‫ََُ َ ﱠ ْ ُﱠ ََْ ٌ َ ْ َ ﱡ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬...‫" ﻟﻴ ﻮﻧﻦ ِﻣﻦ أﻣ ِ أﻗﻮام ﺴﺘ ِﺤﻠﻮن ا ِ ﺮ وا ِﺮ ﺮ وا ﻤﺮ واﻟﻤﻌﺎ ِزف‬
(5590 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،992 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺴﺘﺤﻞ ا ﻤﺮ و ﺴﻤﯿ ﻐ اﺳﻤ‬،‫اﻷﺷﺮ ﺔ‬
Hadhrat Abu 'Amir or Abu Malik Al-Ash'ari narrated that he heard the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬saying, "From among my followers there will be some
people who will consider illegal sexual intercourse, the wearing of silk,
the drinking of alcoholic drinks and the use of musical instruments, as
lawful..." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Ashriba, Chapter: The one who
regards an alcoholic drink lawful to drink, and calls it by another
name, p. 992, No. 5590)
500 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ أﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل إن اﻟﻠ ﻌﺜ رﺣﻤﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻟﻤ ن و أﻣﺮ ﻲ أن أﻣﺤﻖ اﻟﻤﺰاﻣ‬5

‫ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ أ ﻲ‬،‫ )ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫واﻟﮑﻨﺎرات ﻌ ﺑﺮاﺑﻂ واﻟﻤﻌﺎزف واﻷوﺛﺎن اﻟ ﺎﻧﺖ ﻌﺒﺪ ا ﺎ ﻠﯿﺔ‬
(22307/22218 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،551 ‫ ص‬،36 ‫ج‬، ‫أﻣﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺒﺎ‬
Hadhrat Abu Umama (raz) narrated that the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Allah has sent me as a mercy to
the world, and He has commanded me to destroy the flute, the drum,
the musical instrument, and the idols which were worshiped in the
time of Jahiliyyah (ignorance).” (Musnad Ahmad, Hadith of Abu
Umama al-Bahili, v. 36, p. 36, No. 22218/22307)

In these hadiths it is said that drums and tablas are haraam, then how
the songs qawwalis etc can be permissible in Urs?

Humming Lyrics is also Makrooh

Humming and singing while playing was also forbidden in hadith, as it

is mentioned in the hadith:

‫ ﺻﻮت ﻋﻨﺪ ﻐﻤﺔ ﻟ ﻮ‬،‫ وﻟﮑ ﻧ ﯿﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺻﻮﺗ ن أﺣﻤﻘ ن ﻓﺎﺟﺮ ﻦ‬... ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮف‬6
‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ ﺳﺮاري رﺳﻮل‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟ ﺎﺑ‬،‫ )اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪرک ﻟ ﺎﮐﻢ‬.‫وﻟﻌﺐ وﻣﺰاﻣ اﻟﺸﯿﻄﺎن‬
(6825 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،43 ‫ ص‬،4 ‫ ج‬،‫اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻓﺄوﻟ ﻦ ﻣﺎر ﺔ اﻟﻘﺒﻄﯿﺔ أم إﺑﺮا ﯿﻢ‬
Hadhrat 'Abd al-Rahman ibn' Awf (raz) narrated ... I am forbidden the
two foolish voices that are immoral, the sound of humming in the
time of play, and the sound of the devil's flute.” (Al-Mustadrak by al-
Haakim, Kitab Ma'rifat al-Sahaba, Bab Zikr Sarari Rasoolillah (‫…)ﷺ‬, v.
4, p. 43, No. 6825)

It is stated in the following hadith that it is not permissible to sing

while playing:
38 – Celebrating Urs at Graves is Unlawful | 501

َ ‫ﺻ ْﻮ َﺗ ْ ن َأ ْﺣ َﻤ َﻘ ْ ن َﻓﺎﺟ َﺮْ ﻦ‬
‫ﺻ ْﻮ ٍت ِﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ ُﻣ ِﺼ َﺒ ٍﺔ‬ َ ‫ﺎل " َﻻ َو َﻟﻜ ْﻦ َﻧ َﻬ ْﻴ ُﺖ َﻋ ْﻦ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬...‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬7
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ ‫َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ ّ ُ ُ َ َﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﺮﺧﺼﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬."‫ﻮب ورﻧ ِﺔ ﺷﻴﻄ ٍﺎن‬ ٍ ‫ﻮﻩ وﺷ ِﻖ ﺟﻴ‬ ٍ ‫ﺶ وﺟ‬
ِ ‫ﺧﻤ‬
(1005 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،243 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺒ ﺎء ﻋ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬
Hadhrat Jabir bin Abdullah (raz) narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said…: 'No.
But I prohibited two foolish immoral voices: A voice during a calamity
while clawing at one's face and tearing one's clothes, and Shaitan's
scream.'" (Al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Janayiz, Chapter: about the permission
for crying over the deceased, p. 243, No. 1005)

In both of these hadiths, it is forbidden to sing like a song. Therefore,

what is sung at the shrines with drums and tabla is not correct. Now
girls have also started coming to sing for qawwalis in Urs.

From these ahaadeeth, some people argue on the validity of qawwali

Some Argue on the Validity of Qawwali by the Following

Hadiths

Some people argue on the validity of qawwali by the following

hadiths, whereas their argument is not correct because the hadiths
mentions only the form of poetry and Naat, and it did not have drums,
tabla and sarangi at all, and Qawwali has all these instruments, so how
can it be permissible? Here is the hadith:
ُْ ُ َ َ َ ُ ُْ ُ ‫ْ ْ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ َو ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ‬،‫ﺎل ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ أ ِﺸ ُﺪ ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ‬‫ ﻓﻘ‬،‫ ﻗﺎل ﻣﺮ ﻋﻤﺮ ِ اﻟﻤ ِ ِﺪ وﺣﺴﺎن ﻳ ِﺸﺪ‬،‫ﻴﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ اﻟﻤﺴ ِﺐ‬ َ ْ َ
ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﺳ ِﻌ‬8
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َْ ُ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ‫َ ْ ُ َ َ ٌْ ْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ أ َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ َﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬،‫ﺎل أ ﺸ ُﺪ َك ِﺑﺎﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬،‫ ﺛﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺖ ِإ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬،‫ﻣﻦ ﻮ ﺧ ِﻣﻨﻚ‬
َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺑﺪء ا ﻠﻖ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺎل َﻌ ْﻢ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬." ‫ اﻟﻠ ُﻬ ﱠﻢ أ ِّﻳ ْﺪ ُﻩ ِﺑ ُﺮو ِح اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺪ ِس‬، ّ ِ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " أ ِﺟ ْﺐ َﻋ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬3212 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،537 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﻤﻼﺋﮑﺔ ﺻﻠﻮات اﻟﻠ ﻋﻠﯿ ﻢ‬
(6384/2485 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1094 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺣﺴﺎن ﺑﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬،‫اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬
Hadhrat Sa`id bin Al-Musaiyab (raz) narrated: “`Umar came to the
Mosque while Hassan was reciting a poem. (`Umar disapproved of
that). On that Hassan said, "I used to recite poetry in this very Mosque
in the presence of one (i.e. the Prophet (‫ ))ﷺ‬who was better than
502 | Samarat al-Aqaid

you." Then he turned towards Abu Huraira and said (to him), "I ask
you by Allah, did you hear Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬saying (to me),
"Retort on my behalf. O Allah! Support him (i.e. Hassan) with the Holy
Spirit?" Abu Huraira said, "Yes." (Sahih al-Bukhari, The Book of the
Beginning of Creation, Chapter: The Remembrance of the Angels…, p.
537, No. 3212; Sahih Muslim, Chapter: Virtues of the Companions,
Chapter: The Virtues of Hassan bin Thabit - raz, p. 1094, No.
2485/6384)

There is a mention of reciting a poem in this hadith, but it is also

mentioned in it that Hadhrat Umar disliked it; that is why Hadhrat
Hassaan had to take the testimony of Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah,
therefore reciting a poem is not so good.
َ َ َ َ َ َْ ُ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ َﺸ َﺔ‬9
" ‫ﺎل " ﻛ ْﻴﻒ ِﺑ َﻘ َﺮ َاﺑ ِ ِﻣ ْﻨ ُﮫ‬ ‫ﺎن َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ اﺋﺬ ْن ِ ِ أ ِ ﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺎن ﻗ‬ ُ ‫ﺎل َﺣ ﱠﺴ‬
َْ ‫ﺎل َو ﱠاﻟﺬي َأ ْﻛ َﺮ َﻣ َﻚ َﻷ ُﺳ ﱠﻠ ﱠﻨ َﻚ ﻣ ْﻨ ُﻬ ْﻢ َﻛ َﻤﺎ ُ َﺴ ﱡﻞ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬. ‫اﻟﺸ َﻌ َﺮ ُة ِﻣ َﻦ ا ْ َ ﻤ‬ َ
‫ﺎن َو ِ ﱠن َﺳ َﻨ َﺎم ا ْ ِﺪ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ُ ‫ﺎل َﺣ ﱠﺴ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ َ ‫ﻗ‬.
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺣﺴﺎن ﺑﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ر اﻟﻠﮫ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟ ﺎﺑﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬. ‫ﺎﺷ ٍﻢ ا‬ َ
ِ ‫ِآل‬
(6393/2489 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1095 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻋﻨﮫ‬
Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported that Hadhrat Hassaan said: Allah's
Messenger, permit me to write satire against Abu Sufyan, whereupon
he said: How can it be because I am also related to him? Thereupon
he (Hassan) said: By Him Who has honoured you. I shall draw you out
from them (their family) just as hair is drawn out from the fermented
(flour). Thereupon Hassan said: The dignity and greatness belongs to
the tribe of Bint Makhzum from amongst the tribe of Hisham,
whereas your father was a slave. (Sahih Muslim, Chapter: Virtues of
the Companions, Chapter: The Virtues of Hassan bin Thabit - raz, p.
1095, No. 2489/6393)

In this hadith, Hadhrat Hassan has been allowed by the Holy Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬to recite a poem.

ْ ‫ َد َﺧ َﻞ َﻋ َﻠ ْﻴ َﻬﺎ َوﻋ ْﻨ َﺪ َ ﺎ َﺟﺎرَ َﺘﺎن َأ ﱠﻳﺎم ﻣ ً ُ َﻐ ّﻨ َﻴﺎن َو َﺗ‬،‫ َأ ﱠن َأ َﺑﺎ َﺑ ْﻜﺮ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ َﺸ َﺔ‬10
‫ﻀ ِﺮَ ِﺎن َو َر ُﺳﻮ ُل‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
‫َ ْ َ ََْ َ ُ َ َُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ُﻣ َﺴ ِﺑﺜﻮ ِ ِﮫ ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻬﺮ ﻤﺎ أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ﻓﻜﺸﻒ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
38 – Celebrating Urs at Graves is Unlawful | 503
َ َ‫َ ْ َ ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ َ ‫َﻋ ْﻨ ُﮫ َو َﻗ‬
ٍ ‫ﺎل " دﻋﻬ َﻤﺎ َﻳﺎ أ َﺑﺎ َﺑﻜ ٍﺮ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﻬﺎ أ ﱠﻳ ُﺎم ِﻋ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب إذا ﻓﺎﺗ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﯿﺪﯾﻦ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ﻴﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺮﺧﺼﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﺻﻼة اﻟﻌﯿﺪ‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬987 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،159 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻌﯿﺪ ﯾﺼ رﮐﻌﺘ ن‬
(2061 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،892 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،356 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻠﻌﺐ اﻟﺬي ﻻ ﻣﻌﺼﯿﺔ ﻓﯿ أﯾﺎم اﻟﻌﯿﺪ‬
Hadhrat 'A'isha (raz) reported that Hadhrat Abu Bakr (raz) came to
her and there were with her two girls on Adha days who were singing
and beating the tambourine and the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬had
wrapped himself with his mantle. Abu Bakr scolded them. The
Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) uncovered (his face) and
said: Abu Bakr, leave them alone for these are the days of 'Id.” (Sahih
Al-Bukhari, Book of Eids, Chapter: If one misses the Eid…, p. 159, No.
987; Sahih Muslim, Book of Eid Prayers, Chapter: permission to play
in the days of eid, p. 356, No. 892, No. 2061)

It is in these hadiths that one can recite some poems and also play the
tambourine without jalajil. But by considering the hadith, it is clear
that the Companions did not like this much either, so Abu Bakr
stopped them, but since it was the day of Eid, and they were little
girls, so the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬gave them permission.

We see that in the meetings of the scholars, the students recite poem,
Naat, and there is no tambourine, etc., no clapping, no swinging, so it
is permissible according to the hadith.

Even the pious elders when they used to get exhausted of dhikr, so
sometimes they would listen to a poem for refreshment, which is
permissible according to the hadith.

Later, people made sima’, qawwali etc a source to earn livelihood and
it was accompanied by fiddle, drum, tabala etc which were strictly
forbidden in the Qur’an and Hadith.

One thing to understand is that the little song that was mentioned in
the hadith was on the occasion of happiness, or the pious elders
listened to it in their khanqah, but the prevalent qawwali is sung on
504 | Samarat al-Aqaid

drums and tabla, although grave is a place to grieve and a place to

remember the Hereafter, this has no connection with song and
qawwali at all. It has become like singing hymns in front of the idols
in the temples.

Hindus hold fairs near the temples of their idols every year and hold
festivals, they sing and ask from them, worship them, bow before
them and prostrate, which is shirk. The prevalent Urd on graves is
similar to this, so it must be abstained from.

These are 2 verses and 10 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have been presented.
 | 505

39 – Benefitting form Graves

Acquiring faidh (spiritual benefit) has become a confusing issue in this

age. We shall quote 3 verses and 4 hadiths about this belief, the
details of which are as follows:

There are two ways to take benefit:

(1) Getting benefit from the living.

(2) Getting benefits from the dead.

Getting Benefit from Living

If there are 3 attributes in a teacher or peer (spiritual mentor), one

can get benefit from him.

(1) The first attribute is that the teacher or the peer is sincere, his only
goal is to reform the people, and to bring them to the religion and to
work diligently in this matter. He has no objective to earn money and
accumulate wealth by benefitting the people or to build his house in
the name of the monastery. If he will have such objectives, there will
be no benefit from him.

(2) The teacher or peer is himself follower of the Shariah, if he himself

does not perform the obligatory prayers, does not fast, then what
benefit will he give others, he himself has empty handed.

(3) He should not do it for show and earning appreciation of people,

he should not do this work for fame and name. Because if he is doing
it to get on television and YouTube, it's for fame, what benefit will he
give to people?
506 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Therefore, this is my sincere advice that one should be careful and

selective while choosing a peer.

The Qur'an Mentions Four Types of Faidh

(1) The peer recites the Qur'an in front of the disciples and corrects
their mistakes.

(2) He teaches them the meaning of the Qur'an.

(3) He teaches the wisdom that is in the Qur'an i.e. the rulings of halal
and haraam.

(4) He purifies their heart i.e. trying to stop them from shirk and other
sins.

This is mentioned in the Qur’an in several verses:

َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ َّ ُ َ َ ََ ْ َْ َ ُْ َ ْ ُْ ً ُ َ ْ ْ
‫ﺎب َوا ِ ﻜ َﻤﺔ‬‫ َرﱠ َﻨﺎ َوا ْ َﻌﺚ ِﻓ ِ ﻢ رﺳﻮﻻ ِﻣ ﻢ ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﻋﻠ ِ ﻢ آﻳﺎ ِﺗﻚ و ﻌ ِﻠﻤ ﻢ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬1
[2:129 ‫ﻴﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ُ ‫َو ُ َﺰ ِّﻛ ْﻢ إ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َأ ْﻧ َﺖ ْاﻟ َﻌﺰ ُﺰ ا ْ َ ِﻜ‬
ِ ِ ِ
“And, our Lord, raise in their midst a Messenger from among them,
who should recite to them Your verses, and teach them the Book and
the wisdom, and cleanse them of all impurities. Indeed You, and You
alone, are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.” [2:130]

In this verse, it is said that the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬was sent for four
purposes.
َ َ ُ َْ ً َ ْ ْ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ََ
‫ ﻟﻘ ْﺪ َﻣ ﱠﻦ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ اﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ َن ِإذ َ َﻌﺚ ِﻓ ِ ْﻢ َر ُﺳﻮﻻ ِﻣ ْﻦ أﻧ ُﻔ ِﺴ ِ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺘﻠﻮ َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ آ َﻳ ِﺎﺗ ِﮫ‬2
ُ ََ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ َّ َُ ْ َّ َُ
‫و ﺰ ِﻛ ِ ﻢ و ﻌ ِﻠﻤ ﻢ اﻟ ِﻜﺘﺎب وا ِ ﻜﻤﺔ و ِ ن ﺎﻧﻮا ِﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻟ ِﻔﻲ ﺿﻼ ٍل ﻣ ِﺒ ٍن ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‬
[3:164
39 – Benefitting form Graves | 507

“Allah has surely conferred favor on the believers when He raised in

their midst a messenger from among themselves who recites to them
His verses and makes them pure and teaches them the Book and the
Wisdom, while earlier, they were in open error.” [3:165]

ُ َّ َُ َ ََ ْ ُ ََْ َُْ ْ ُ ْ ً ُ َ ْ ُ َْ َ َْ َ َ
َ‫ﻴﻜ ْﻢ َو ُ َﻌ ّﻠ ُﻤ ُﻜ ُﻢ ْاﻟﻜ َﺘﺎب‬
ِ ِ ‫ ﻛﻤﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨﺎ ِﻓﻴﻜﻢ رﺳﻮﻻ ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ آﻳﺎ ِﺗﻨﺎ و ﺰ ِﻛ‬3
َ َ َ ُ َُ َ ُ ّ َ ْ ْ
[2:151 ‫َوا ِ ﻜ َﻤﺔ َو ُ َﻌ ِﻠ ُﻤﻜ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ ﻟ ْﻢ ﺗ ﻮﻧﻮا ْﻌﻠ ُﻤﻮن ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“As also We have sent in your midst a messenger from among you,
who recites to you Our verses, and purifies you, and teaches you the
Book and the wisdom, and teaches you what you did not know.”
[2:152]

These verses show that if a teacher or peer is sincere, then these four
types of blessings are obtained from him.

(1) The peer recites the Qur'an in front of the disciples and corrects
their mistakes.

(2) He teaches them the meaning of the Qur'an.

(3) He teaches the wisdom that is in the Qur'an i.e. the rulings of halal
and haraam.

(4) He purifies their heart i.e. trying to stop them from shirk and other
sins.

If the mureed (disciple) is also devoted, then he can get these four
types of blessings, which are mentioned in the Qur'an.

Some people think that peer can give a special spiritual thing to a
disciple, and the disciple serves peer for years to get it, but such things
are not mentioned in the Qur’an and Hadith, rather the four things
are achieved that were mentioned.
508 | Samarat al-Aqaid

What is the Meaning of ‘Purification’?

Some people think that peer gives something spiritual to his disciple,
and they argue from this verse.
َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ َّ َُ ْ ُ َّ َُ َ ََ ْ ُ ََْ َُْ ْ ُ ْ ً ُ َ ْ ُ َْ َ َْ َ َ
‫ﺎب َوا ِ ﻜ َﻤﺔ‬‫ﻛﻤﺎ أرﺳﻠﻨﺎ ِﻓﻴﻜﻢ رﺳﻮﻻ ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻳﺘﻠﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ آﻳ ِﺎﺗﻨﺎ و ﺰ ِﻛﻴﻜﻢ و ﻌ ِﻠﻤﻜﻢ اﻟ ِﻜﺘ‬
‫ن‬َ ُ َْ َ ُ ُ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َّ َُ
[2:151 ‫و ﻌ ِﻠﻤﻜﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗ ﻮﻧﻮا ﻌﻠﻤﻮ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬

“As also We have sent in your midst a messenger from among you,
who recites to you Our verses, and purifies you, and teaches you the
Book and the wisdom, and teaches you what you did not know.”
[2:152]

(‫ﯾﻄ ﺮﮐﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺣﯿﺪ واﻟﺬ ﺎة واﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺬﻧﻮب )ﺗﻔﺴ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬

“He purifies you by teaching you Tawheed, Zakat and charity.”

They argue with the words “purifies you”. But the Tafseer Ibn Abbas
mentions that there is no special spirituality meant in this verse,
rather it means that he ‘purifies’ people by traning them to give Zakat
and charity and thus gets their sins purged.

Therefore, some people who say that the words “purifies yu” in the
verse means something sepecial is not correct, rather it means that
he explains the rulings of halal and haram, like a teacher.

If peer is God-fearing, its effect is greater. Similarly, if the peer is

diligent and the disciple also sincere, then the effect is greater. It is
mentioned in hadith:
39 – Benefitting form Graves | 509

ُ ُ َُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ
‫ أ ﱠ َ ﺎ َﺳ ِﻤ َﻌ ْﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " أﻻ أﻧ ِّ ُﺌﻜ ْﻢ ِﺑ ِﺨ َﻴ ِﺎرﻛ ْﻢ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ْﺳ َﻤ َﺎء ِﺑ ِﺖ َﻳ ِﺰ َﺪ‬1
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ َ ‫َ ُ ََ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ﻳﻦ ِإذا ُر ُءوا ذ ِﻛ َﺮ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋ ﱠﺰ َو َﺟ ﱠﻞ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل " ِﺧﻴﺎرﻛﻢ اﻟ ِﺬ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﺑ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬. "
(4119 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،601 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ ﻻ ﯾﺆ ﻟ‬،‫اﻟﺰ ﺪ‬

It was narrated from Hadhrat Asma’ bint Yazid (raz) that she heard
the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬say: “Shall I not tell you of the best of
you?” They said: “Yes, O Messenger of Allah.” He said: “The best of
you are those who, when they are seen, Allah the Mighty, the
Majestic, is remembered.” (Ibn Majah, The Book of Zuhd, p. 601, No.
4119)

In this hadith it is said that those whose face reminds Allah are good
people, therefore the peer should be like those whose presence leads
you to rememberance of Allah.

Thus, these four benefits will be achieved when the peer is alive, and
you learn from him face to face. But if someone dies, he cannot give
this benefit, because after death, the chian of action comes to an end.
This is what is mentioned in the hadith, so he can not give this blessing
after death.

What Benefits one Can Achieve from Graves and Dead?

Many people attribute many benefits to the dead and to the shrines,
but looking at the Qur'an and the hadith it is known that visiting
graves brings the following three benefits:

(1) It reminds the Hereafter.

(2) It makes a man farther the world.

(3) It reminds one his own death i.e. he starts thinking that just
like the great people left the world, after a few days he also
have to leave all this, so one thinks what will be the benefit of
510 | Samarat al-Aqaid

accumulating the world, and what will I do with this fame and
name?

It is better if these three things arise after going to the graveyard. But
if the shrine is a place of festivity and worldly things, and instead of
remembering the Hereafter one feels a sense of entertainment there,
similarly, if it is a source of accumulating money, then it is not the
benefit of the grave, rather it will have severe negative effects.

The following hadiths mention the benefits of visiting graves:

ْ ُ ُ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ
‫ﺎل " ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ َ َ ْﻴ ُﺘﻜ ْﻢ َﻋ ْﻦ ِزَ ﺎ َر ِة اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر‬‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ ﻗ‬،‫ﻮد‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋ ِﻦ اﺑ ِﻦ ﻣﺴﻌ‬1
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ز ﺎرة اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫اﻵﺧ َﺮة‬
َ ُ
‫ﺮ‬
ّ َ َُ َْ‫ﱡ‬
‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫اﻟﺪ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ُ ّ ‫َﻓ ُﺰو ُروا ْاﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ َر َﻓﺈ ﱠ َ ﺎ ُﺗ َﺰ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
(1571 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،223

It was narrated from Hadhrat Ibn Mas’ud (raz) that the Messenger of
Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said, “I used to forbid you to visit the graves, but now visit
them, for they will draw your attention away from this world and
remind you of the Hereafter.” (Ibn Majah, Bab Ma Jaa Fi Ziyarat Al-
Qabur, p. 223, No. 1571)

" :‫ﺎل‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻗ ْ َ ُأ ّﻣ ِﮫ َﻓ َﺒ َ ﻰ َو َأ ْﺑ َ ﻰ َﻣ ْﻦ َﺣ ْﻮ َﻟ ُﮫ َﻓ َﻘ‬ ‫ﺎل َز َار ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬2
ِ ِ ِ
َ‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﺄ َذ ْﻧ ُﺖ َرّ ﻲ َأ ْن َأ ُزو َر َﻗ ْ َ َ ﺎ َﻓ َﺄذ َن َﻓ ُﺰو ُروا ْاﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮر‬
ْ ‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﺄ َذ ْﻧ ُﺖ َرّ ﻲ َأ ْن َأ ْﺳ َﺘ ْﻐﻔ َﺮ َﻟ َ ﺎ َﻓ َﻠ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﺄ َذ ْن َو‬
ْ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ُ َُّ َ
(1572 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،224 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ز ﺎرة ﻗﺒﻮر اﻟﻤﺸﺮﮐ ن‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠ َ ﺎ ﺗﺬ ِﻛ ُﺮﻛ ُﻢ اﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ َت‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) said: “The Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬visited the grave of his mother and wept, causing the people
around him to weep. Then he said: ‘I asked my Lord for permission to
seek forgiveness for her, but He did not give me permission. Then I
asked my Lord for permission to visit her grave and He gave me
permission. So visit the graves, for they will remind you of death.’”
(Ibn Majah, Bab Ma Jaa Fi Ziyarat Al-Qabur, p. 224, No. 1572)
39 – Benefitting form Graves | 511

Three benefits are mentioned in these hadiths:

(1) It creates asceticism and and renunciation of worlly pleasure.

(2) It reminds the Hereafter.

(3) Seeing the grave, one remembers how own death, that I also
have to be buried in grave.

These are the real benefits of visiting the shrines.

It is better to go to the grave if you have these three benefits, but if

you go there to have fun, to enjoy the world, then it is not the blessing
of the grave, rather it is the other way around; so there is no room to
visit the grave for these things.

But what to do? Some people have fabricated strange notions for
raising money and ganing fame. All these things are baseless and it is
not established by Hadith.

No Peer Can Give Special Spiritual Blessings

Some peers give the impression that if you will serve him, he will give
you some spiritual benefit (faidh) and the disciple serves him for years
to get it. They argue from the following hadith, but remember that
this incident of giving is took place only once which was as a miracle
of the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, after that it did not take place again. Here is the
hadith:
َ ُ ََ َ َ ‫ َو َﻗ‬... ‫َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ " ﻟ ْﻦ َﻳ ْ ُﺴﻂ أ َﺣ ٌﺪ ِﻣ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ ﺛ ْﻮ َ ُﮫ‬ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬
ِ
َ‫ َﻓ َ َﺴ ْﻄ ُﺖ َﻧﻤ َﺮ ًة َﻟ ْ ﺲ‬." ‫ َﻓ َﻴ ْ َ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ َﻘ َﺎﻟ َﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ َأ َﺑ ًﺪا‬،‫ﺻ ْﺪر ِﻩ‬
َ َ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻳ ْﺠ َﻤ َﻌ ُﮫ إ‬،‫َﺣ ﱠ َأ ْﻗ َ َﻣ َﻘ َﺎﻟ َ ﺬﻩ‬
ِِ ِ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ََ ﱠ‬ ْ َ َُْ َ َ ‫َ َ ََ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ َ َ
‫ ﻓﻮاﻟ ِﺬي‬،‫ ﺛﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﺘﻬﺎ ِإ ﺻﺪ ِري‬،‫ ﺣ ﻗ اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺘﮫ‬،‫َﻋ ﱠ ﺛ ْﻮ ٌب ﻏ َ ﺎ‬
َ َ
َ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﺮث و اﻟﻤﺰارﻋﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫َ َﻌﺜ ُﮫ ِﺑﺎ َ ِ ّﻖ َﻣﺎ ِﺴ ُﺖ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ َﻘﺎﻟ ِﺘ ِﮫ ِﺗﻠ َﻚ ِإ َﻳ ْﻮ ِﻣﻲ َ ﺬا‬
(2350 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،377 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻐﺮس‬
512 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated: ... One day the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"Whoever spreads his sheet till I finish this statement of mine and
then gathers it on his chest, will never forget anything of my
statement." So, I spread my covering sheet which was the only
garment I had, till the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬finished his statement and then I
gathered it over my chest. By Him Who had sent him (i.e. Allah's
Apostle) with the truth, since then I did not forget even a single word
of that statement of his, until this day of mine.” (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Harth wa al-Mazara'ah, p. 377, No. 2350)

This hadeeth mentions a miracle, it was not always the case, so there
is mention of giving the ‘statement’ to Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) only
once and there is no mention of such thing in any hadith to anyone
else.

Strictness in Mustahab Acts

It is also a great problem of this age that one thing is proved by hadith,
but this work was been done by the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬occasionally, no
one was invited to it, but only those who were present there did it.

For example: The Companions met occasionally and remembered

Allah, this is proven by the hadith, and it is permissible to do that
much, but now it has been seen in some places (this is not the case
everywhere) that dhikr meeting is advertised for months, people are
invited, funds are raised, money is spent lavishly, and dhikr is
performed swinging and swaying as if it is a dance party. And if you
try to tell thm something, they will quote the hadith, but they will not
think that it was occasional and unplanned, and you are making a fuss
in the name of dhikr, and you are promoting it through YouTube etc.

If you do research, instead of any dhikr or religious service, they do

these kind of things for three objectives:
39 – Benefitting form Graves | 513

(1) To gain name and fame among the people, so that more and
more people gather.

(2) To win the hearts of people.

(3) To accumulate money and getting worldly benefits.

(2) To instill fear in the people

(3) And with this excuse he collected enough money to cover the
entire year's expenses

Therefore, it is necessary to avoid many mustahab acts (desirable in

Shari’ah, not obigatory), to which people are invited for gathering;
because it is written in al-Dur al-Mukhtar that it is makrooh to invite
people to gather for mustahab acts, the Shari'ah forbids it; so there is
an urgent need to avoid such gatherings.

In issues like visiting graves, occasion of death and marriage, it has

been observed that some deeds are basically mustahab, but people
are so strict about it that it reaches to the level of necessary.

Sometimes it involves show and display, and sometimes one is forced

to spend so much in such customs that one gets bored or sometimes
one has to take interest-based loan in order to fulfill it. Therefore,
such strictness in mustahab acts is not correct at all.

These were 3 verses and 4 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which were presented nefore you.
 | 514

40 – Slaughtering at Graves is
Forbidden

It is sadaqah (charity) to slaughter an animal and feed the poor. It is

permissible in the Shari'ah to give its reward to the deceased by giving
sadaqah, but the condition is that the animal is slaughtered in the
name of Allah. It is just a matter of slaughtering an animal and giving
the reward to the dead, but now this has become a source of show
and display.

There are four types of slaughtering, see the details below:

There are 4 verses and 3 hadiths regarding this belief, the details of
which are as follows:

(1) Slaughtering in the Name of other than Allah

One did not slaughter in the name of Allah, nor did he take the name
of anyone, or he took the name of anyone other than Allah, then all
these cases the meat is haraam. Here are some verses from the
Qur’an:

ْ ََ ‫ََ َْ ُُ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ ﱠ‬
[6:121 ‫ وﻻ ﺗﺄ ﻠﻮا ِﻣﻤﺎ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻛ ِﺮ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬1

“Do not eat that (meat) over which the name of Allah has not been
pronounced.” [6:121]
40 – Slaughtering at Graves is Forbidden | 515

ُ َ َ ْ ‫َ ﱠ‬ ُ ْ ْ َ ‫ُ َّ ْ ََْ ُ ُ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ُم َو ْ ُﻢ ا ِ ِ ِﻳﺮ َو َﻣﺎ أ ِ ﱠﻞ ِﻟﻐ ْ ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﺑ ِﮫ َواﻟ ُﻤ ْﻨﺨ ِﻨﻘﺔ‬‫ ﺣ ِﺮﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ و‬2
ُ ‫ﱡ‬ ََ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُْ ‫َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َ ْ َََُّ ُ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ َ ََ َ ﱠ ُُ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻮﻗﻮذة واﻟﻤ ِدﻳﺔ واﻟﻨ ِﻄﻴﺤﺔ وﻣﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟﺴﺒﻊ ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﻴﺘﻢ وﻣﺎ ذ ِﺑﺢ ﻋ اﻟﻨﺼ ِﺐ‬
[5:3 ‫]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“Prohibited for you are: carrion, blood, the flesh of swine, and those
upon which (a name) other than that of Allah has been invoked (at
the time of slaughter), animal killed by strangulation, or killed by a
blow, or by a fall, or by goring, or that which is eaten by a beast unless
you have properly slaughtered it; and that which has been
slaughtered before the idols…” [5:3]

In these verses it is said that if the name of Allah is not pronounced

then do not eat it because it is not lawful.

(2) Slaughtering at Grave or Idol

The second case is that one slaughters at idols or graves in order to

please those other than Allah. In this case it is not permissible even if
it was slaughtered in the name of Allah, because it was slaughtered to
please anyone other than Allah. The Qur’an says:

ُ َ َ ُْْ َ ‫ُ َّ ْ ََْ ُ ُ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ ُ ََ ْ ُ ْ ْ َ َ ُ ﱠ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺣ ِﺮﻣﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ واﻟﺪم و ﻢ ا ِ ِ ِﻳﺮ وﻣﺎ أ ِ ﻞ ِﻟﻐ ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِﺑ ِﮫ واﻟﻤﻨﺨ ِﻨﻘﺔ‬3
ُ ‫ﱡ‬ ََ َ ُ َ َ ْ ُْ ‫َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ُ َ ْ َََُّ ُ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ َ ََ َ ﱠ ُُ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻮﻗﻮذة واﻟﻤ ِدﻳﺔ واﻟﻨ ِﻄﻴﺤﺔ وﻣﺎ أ ﻞ اﻟﺴﺒﻊ ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ذﻛﻴﺘﻢ وﻣﺎ ذ ِﺑﺢ ﻋ اﻟﻨﺼ ِﺐ‬
[5:3 ‫]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬

“Prohibited for you are: carrion, blood, the flesh of swine, and those
upon which (a name) other than that of Allah has been invoked (at
the time of slaughter), animal killed by strangulation, or killed by a
blow, or by a fall, or by goring, or that which is eaten by a beast unless
you have properly slaughtered it; and that which has been
slaughtered before the idols…” [5:3]
516 | Samarat al-Aqaid
َ ْ َ ُ َ َْ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ ﱡ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
ٌ ‫اﻷ ْ َزﻻ ُم ر ْﺟ‬
‫ﺲ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ َﻤ ِﻞ‬ ِ ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا ِإﻧﻤﺎ ا ﻤﺮ واﻟﻤ ِﺴﺮ واﻷﻧﺼﺎب و‬4
َ ُ ُ‫ﱠ ْ َ َ َْ ُ َُ ﱠ‬
[5:90 ‫ﻮﻩ ﻟ َﻌﻠﻜ ْﻢ ﺗ ْﻔ ِ ُ ﻮن ]اﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪة‬‫اﻟﺸﻴﻄ ِﺎن ﻓﺎﺟﺘ ِ ﺒ‬

“O you who believe! Wine, gambling, altars and divining arrows are
filth, made up by Satan. Therefore, refrain from it, so that you may be
successful.” [5:90]

In these verses it is said that if an animal is slaughtered at idols then

the meat is haram.

Similarly, it is stated in this hadith that if it is slaughtered for the sake

of other than Allah, then it is not permissible and it is cursed:
َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎل َﺳ َﺄ َل َ ُﺟ ٌﻞ َﻋﻠﻴﺎ َ ْﻞ‬
‫ﺎن َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ُ ِﺴ ﱡﺮ ِإﻟ ْﻴ َﻚ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬
َ ََ َ ْ َ ْ َ
،‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ ِﺎﻣ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ وا ِﺛﻠﺔ‬1
ِ ‫ر‬
َ َ ‫اﻟﻨ َ َ َ َ ﱞ َ ﱠ ْ َ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ُ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ ﱡ َ ﱠ َ ْ ً ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ ء ُدو َن ﱠ‬
‫ﺎس ﻏ ْ َ أ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬ِ ‫ﺎس ﻓ َﻐ ِﻀﺐ ﻋ ِ ﺣ اﺣﻤﺮ وﺟ ﮫ وﻗﺎل ﻣﺎ ﺎن ِﺴﺮ ِإ ﺷ ﺌﺎ دون اﻟﻨ‬ ِ ٍ ِ
‫َ ﱠ َ َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت وأﻧﺎ و ﻮ ِ اﻟﺒ ِﺖ ﻓﻘﺎل " ﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻌﻦ و ِاﻟﺪﻩ وﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ ذﺑﺢ ِﻟﻐ ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ٍ ‫ﺣﺪﺛ ِ ِﺑﺄر ِﻊ ِﻠﻤ‬
َ َ َ َ َ‫ََ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ً ََ َ َ ﱠ ُ َ ْ َﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب َﻣ ْﻦ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟ ﺎﯾﺎ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﺴﺎ ﻲ‬."‫ض‬ ِ ‫ر‬ْ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫وﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ آوى ﻣﺤ ِﺪﺛﺎ وﻟﻌﻦ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻦ ﻏ ﻣﻨﺎر‬
‫َ َ ﱠ‬
(4427 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،614 ‫ ص‬،‫ذ َﺑ َﺢ ِﻟﻐ ْ ِ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َﻋ ﱠﺰ َو َﺟ ﱠﻞ‬

It was narrated that Hadhrat 'Amir bin Wathilah (raz) said: "A man
asked 'Ali" Did the Messenger of Allah used to tell you anything in
secret that he did not tell the people?' Ali got so angry that his face
turned red, and he said: 'He used not to tell me anything in secret that
he di8d not tell the people except that he told me four things when
he and I were alone in the house. He said: Allah curses the alone who
curses his father, Allah curses the one who offers a sacrifice to anyone
other than Allah, Allah curse the one who gives refuge to an offender
and Allah curses the one who changes boundary markers."" (Sunan
al-Nasa'i, Kitab al-Dhahaya, Chapter: Offering Sacrifice To Other than
Allah, p. 614, No. 4427)

In this hadith it is stated that whoever slaughters for anyone other

than Allah is cursed one.
40 – Slaughtering at Graves is Forbidden | 517

(3) Slaughtering near Grave

The third case is that if one slaughters in the name of Allah but near a
grave, it is also makrooh. It is mentioned in the following hadith:

‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ ََ ْ َ
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮز ِاق‬. " ‫اﻹﺳﻼ ِم‬ ‫ل‬
ِ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮ َ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻻ ﻋﻘﺮ‬،‫ﺲ‬
ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬2
ً َ ْ ًَ ََ َْْ َْ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ
‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﮐﺮا ﯿﺔ اﻟﺬﺑﺢ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫ﺎﻧﻮا ﻌ ِﻘﺮون ِﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ ِ ﺑﻘﺮة أو ﺷﺎة‬
(12620 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،51 ‫ ص‬،4 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أ ﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﮏ‬،‫؛ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬3222 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،470

Hadhrat Anas ibn Malik (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“There is no slaughtering (at the grave) in Islam.” 'Abd al-Razzaq said:
They used to slaughter cows or sheep at graves. (Abu Daoud, Book of
Funerals, Chapter: It Is Disliked To Slaughter (An Animal) By A Grave,
p. 470, No. 3222; Musnad Ahmad, Musnad of Anas bin Malik, Vol. 4,
p. 51, No. 12620)

According to this hadith, there is no slaughtering near grave in Islam,

that is, it is not permissible to slaughter near the grave.

So, slaughtering near the grave is also forbidden. It is feared that

people can fall into shirk by slaughtering near the grave, so it is
forbidden to do so even if there is a slightest doubt of slaughtering at
the grave. Here is one hadith regarding it:
ََ َ َ ‫ﺎل َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﺛﺎﺑ ُﺖ ْﺑ ُﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ﱠ‬ َ َ ََ ُ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ْ َْ َ ْ َ
‫ ﻧﺬ َر َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ‬: ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ﺎك‬ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ﻗ‬ ، ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺑ‬‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ِ ‫ﻮ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫أ‬ ِ ‫ﺛ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ، ٍ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻳﺤ ﺑ ِﻦ أ ِ ﻲ‬3
‫ﺜ‬ ‫ﻛ‬
َ َ
‫ َﻓﺄ َ ﻰ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ أ ْن َﻳ ْﻨ َﺤ َﺮ إﺑ ًﻼ ﺑ ُﺒ َﻮ َاﻧ َﺔ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫َﻋ َ َﻋ ْ ﺪ َر‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ِ ِِ ِ ‫ل‬ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ِ
َ َ
َ ‫ " َ ْﻞ‬: ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ً َ َ َ َ
َ ‫ ﻓ َﻘ‬. ‫ إ ِ ﻲ ﻧﺬ ْر ُت أ ْن أ ْﻧ َﺤ َﺮ إﺑﻼ ﺑ ُﺒ َﻮاﻧﺔ‬: ‫ﺎل‬ ّ َ ‫َﻓ َﻘ‬
‫ﺎن ِﻓ َ ﺎ َوﺛ ٌﻦ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ِ ِ ِِ ِ
ُ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮل‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬. ‫ َﻻ‬: ‫ َﻗ ُﺎﻟﻮا‬. " ‫ﻴﺪ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْﻋ َﻴ ِﺎد ْﻢ‬
ٌ ‫ﺎن ﻓ َ ﺎ ﻋ‬ َ َ ‫ " َ ْﻞ‬: ‫ﺎل‬ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َْ ُ ‫ََْ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻗ‬. ‫ ﻻ‬: ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‬. " ‫أوﺛ ِﺎن ا ﺎ ِ ِﻠﻴ ِﺔ ﻌﺒﺪ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ ﻻ َوﻓ َﺎء ِﻟ َﻨﺬ ٍر ِ َﻣ ْﻌ ِﺼ َﻴ ِﺔ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َوﻻ ِﻓ َﻴﻤﺎ ﻻ َﻳ ْﻤ ِﻠ ُﻚ ْاﺑ ُﻦ‬،‫ " أ ْو ِف ِﺑ َﻨﺬ ِر َك‬: ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
(3313 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،480 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾﺆﻣﺮ ﺑ ﻣﻦ وﻓﺎء اﻟﻨﺬر‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻷﯾﻤﺎن و اﻟﻨﺬور‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫َآد َم‬

Hadhrat Thabit ibn ad-Dahhak narrated: “In the time of the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬a man took a vow to slaughter a camel at Buwanah. So he came
518 | Samarat al-Aqaid

to the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and said: I have taken a vow to sacrifice a camel at

Buwanah. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬asked: Did the place contain any idol
worshipped in pre-Islamic times? They (the people) said: No. He
asked: Was any pre-Islamic festival observed there? They replied: No.
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Fulfil your vow, for a vow to do an act of
disobedience to Allah must not be fulfilled, neither must one do
something over which a human being has no control.” (Abu Dawud,
Kitab al-Aimaan wa Al-Nuzur, Chapter: The Commandment To Fulfill
Vows, p. 480, No. 3313)

According to this hadith, even if there was Eid in Jahiliyyah, one

should not slaughter animals there, because in this way one will
worship idols, worship graves and gradually become involved in
polytheism.

The situation at the moment is that the mujawirs encourage people

to slaughter just to have the meat and to get gifts, that the saint will
fulfill their wishes, so they slaughter the animals near the grave. Thus,
they are getting people involved in an unlawful act, the people should
avoid it.

(4) Slaughtering in the Name of Allah away from Grave

The fourth case is to slaughter an animal in the name of Allah and do

it away from the grave. He does not even have the intention of
pleasing the person in grave, rather he only intends to feed the meat
to the poor, he did not slaughter near the grave and pronounced the
name of Allah while slaughtering, so the meat is halal, but the
deceased will be rewarded as much as the meat will be fed to the
poor.

The actual method is to slaughter an animal far away from the grave
and distribute its meat among the poor and the needy, or to cook it
and feed it to the poor and the needy, then the reward for feeding
the poor will reach the deceased. Only this case is lawful. As less the
show there will be, the more reward will reach the dead, and the
40 – Slaughtering at Graves is Forbidden | 519

more show there will be, the less reward will be achieved, and if there
is only show, then no reward will be achieved.

But nowadays it is happening that the rich and relatives eat more of
it than the poor, or the mujawirs at shrines try to usurp it, the poor
get very little. This should be avoided.

It is stated in this hadith that the reward for charity reaches to the
deceased:
ّ ُ َ َ ‫ ِﻋ ْﻜﺮ َﻣ َﺔ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َأ ْﻧ َﺒ َﺄ َﻧﺎ ْاﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠ‬4
‫ﺎس ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ ـ أ ﱠن َﺳ ْﻌ َﺪ ْﺑ َﻦ ُﻋ َﺒ َﺎدة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ ﺗ ُﻮ ِﻓ َﻴ ْﺖ‬ ٍ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ
ُ‫ﺼ ﱠﺪ ْﻗﺖ‬ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ّ ُ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
َ ‫ أ َﻳﻨﻔ ُﻌ َ ﺎ ْ ٌء إن ﺗ‬،‫ﺎل َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠﮫ إن أ ّﻣﻲ ﺗ ُﻮﻓ َﻴﺖ َوأﻧﺎ ﻏﺎﺋ ٌﺐ َﻋ ْ َ ﺎ‬ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ٌ َ َ ْ َ ُ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﻘ‬،‫أﻣﮫ و ﻮ ﻏ ِﺎﺋﺐ ﻋ ﺎ‬
ََ ْ َ ٌ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ْ َ ْ ُ ّ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬." ‫ﺎل " َ َﻌ ْﻢ‬ َ ‫ﺑ ِﮫ َﻋ ْ َ ﺎ َﻗ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺎل ﻓ ِﺈ ِ ﻲ أﺷ ِ ُﺪ َك أ ﱠن َﺣ ِﺎﺋ ِﻄﻲ ا ِ ﺮاف ﺻﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﻠ ﺎ‬ ِ
‫ ﺑﺎب وﺻﻮل ﺛﻮاب‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬456 ‫ ص‬،‫إذا ﻗﺎل أر أو ﺴﺘﺎ ﻲ ﺻﺪﻗﺔ ﻟﻠ ﻋﻦ أﻣﻲ‬
(4219/1630 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،716 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺎت إ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬

Hadhrat Ibn `Abbas (raz) narrated: “The mother of Sa`d bin 'Ubada
died in his absence. He said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬My mother
died in my absence; will it be of any benefit for her if I give Sadaqa on
her behalf?" The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Yes," Sa`d said, "I make you a
witness that I gave my garden called Al-Makhraf in charity on her
behalf." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter: If someone says, "My land is
Sadaqa for Allah's safe on my mother's behalf, p. 456, No. 2756; Sahih
Muslim, Chapter: Reaching of charity rewartd to the dead, p. 719, No.
1630/4219)

In this hadith it is stated that the reward of charity reaches to the

deceased. See the full details under the Chapter 42 regarding Isal al-
Thawab.

These were 4 verses and 4 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which were presented before you.
 | 520

41 – Wailing and Mourning

There are 3 verses and 5 hadiths about this belief, the details of which
shall follow.

If grief comes suddenly and tears come out, there is nothing wrong in
it. But there are two conditions; one is that nothing comes out of the
tongue on such occasions which shows impatience or compliant
towards Allah. And the second thing is that it should not involve crying
loudly, tearing cloth etc which is calling wailing; this it is not
permissible. Similarly, it is unlawful to remember the grief over and
over again for a long time, and to tell people that I am very sad, as
well as to beat chest and to shout.

The Qur'an Asks us to be Patient in Trouble

Islam does not teach to shout and wail over problems, rather Islam
teaches to be patient in adversity and seek forgiveness from Allah, as
the following verses says:
ََ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫ﱠْ َ ﱠَ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ‫َ َﱡَ ﱠ‬
‫( وﻻ‬153) ‫ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا اﺳﺘ ِﻌﻴﻨﻮا ِﺑﺎﻟﺼ ِ واﻟﺼﻼ ِة ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺼ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﻦ‬1
ْ‫( َو َﻟ َﻨ ْﺒ ُﻠ َﻮ ﱠﻧ ُﻜﻢ‬154) ‫ات َﺑ ْﻞ َأ ْﺣ َﻴ ٌﺎء َو َﻟﻜ ْﻦ َﻻ َ ْﺸ ُﻌ ُﺮو َن‬ٌ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َأ ْﻣ َﻮ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫َﺗ ُﻘ ُﻮﻟﻮا ﻟ َﻤ ْﻦ ُﻳ ْﻘ َﺘ ُﻞ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
‫ات َو َ ِ ّﺸﺮ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َْ َ ُْ َ ﱠ‬ َ ْ َ ْ ْ ْ
ْ ‫َ ْ ء ﻣ َﻦ ا َ ْﻮف َوا ُ ﻮع َو َﻧ‬
‫اﻟﺼ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ َﻦ‬ ُِ ِ َ
‫ﺮ‬ َ
‫ﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺜ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺲ‬
ِ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫ﻧ‬ ‫اﻷ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ال‬ِ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺺ‬
ِ ٍ ‫ﻘ‬ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ
َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ٌ َ
َ ‫( ﱠاﻟﺬﻳ َﻦ إ َذا أ‬155)
‫( أوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﻬ ْﻢ‬156) ‫ﺻ َﺎﺑ ْﺘ ُﻬ ْﻢ ُﻣ ِﺼ َﺒﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ِإ ﱠﻧﺎ ِﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو ِ ﱠﻧﺎ ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ َر ِاﺟ ُﻌﻮن‬ ِ ِ
َ ْ َ ٌُ ٌ ‫ﺻ َﻠ َﻮ‬
[2:153-157 ‫ات ِﻣ ْﻦ َرِّ ِﻬ ْﻢ َو َر ْﺣ َﻤﺔ َوأوﻟ ِﺌ َﻚ ُ ُﻢ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﻬ َﺘ ُﺪون ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬ َ

"O you who believe, seek help through patience and prayer. Surely,
Allah is with those who are patient. Do not say of those who are slain
in the way of Allah that they are dead. Instead, they are alive, but you
do not perceive. Surely We will test you with a bit of fear and hunger,
41 – Wailing and Mourning | 521

and loss in wealth and lives and fruits, and give good tidings to the
patient, who when a suffering visits them, say: We certainly belong to
Allah, and to Him we are bound to return. Those are the ones upon
whom there are blessings from their Lord, and mercy as well; and
those are the ones who are on the right path.” [2:153-157]

This verse emphasizes patience three times, and says that blessings
are bestowed on those who are patient, and they are the ones who
are guided.

َ ْ ََ ‫ﱠْ َ ﱠَ َ ﱠَ َ َ ٌَ ﱠ‬
[2:45 ‫ﺎﺷ ِﻌ َن ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
ِ ‫ا‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ة‬
ِ ِ‫ﺒ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ِ ‫و‬ ‫ة‬
ِ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬‫و‬ ِ ‫ﺎﻟﺼ‬‫ﺑ‬ِ ‫ﻮا‬ ُ ‫اﺳ َﺘﻌ‬
‫ﻴﻨ‬ ِ
ْ ‫ َو‬2

“Seek help through patience and prayer. It is indeed exacting, but not
for those who are humble in their heart.” [2:45]

َ ُ ُ‫ﱠ َ ﱠ‬ ُ
‫ﺻ ِﺎﺑ ُﺮوا َو َر ِاﺑﻄﻮا َو ﱠاﺗ ُﻘﻮا اﻟﻠ َﮫ ﻟ َﻌﻠﻜ ْﻢ ﺗ ْﻔ ِ ُ ﻮن ]آل‬
َ ‫اﺻ ُ وا َو‬ َ ‫ َﻳﺎ َأ ﱡ َ ﺎ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬3
ْ ‫ﻳﻦ َآ َﻣ ُﻨﻮا‬
ِ ِ
[3:200 ‫ﻋﻤﺮان‬

“O you who believe, be patient, compete with each other in patience,

and guard your frontiers and fear Allah, so that you may be
successful.” [2:45]

In these three verses patience is repeatedly instructed, so it is not

right to wail and shout.

Wailing of Relatives Causes Torment to the Deceased

According to hadith, the crying of a relative causes torment to the

deceased, so one should not wail and make shout for no reason. Here
is the hadith:
522 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ ْ َ َ َُْ ْ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬1

‫ ﻓ ِﺈ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل‬،‫ﺎن أ َﻻ َﺗ ْﻨ َ َﻋ ِﻦ اﻟ ُﺒ ِﺎء‬‫ﺎل َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ْﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ ـ ِﻟﻌﻤ ِﺮو ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺜﻤ‬
َ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬."‫ﺎل " ِإ ﱠن اﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ َﺖ ﻟ ُﻴ َﻌ ﱠﺬ ُب ِﺑ ُﺒ ِﺎء أ ْ ِﻠ ِﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬
(1286 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،206 ‫ ص‬، ‫اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻌﺬب اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺑ ﺎء أ ﻠ ﻋﻠﯿ إذا ﺎن اﻟﻨﻮح ﻣﻦ ﺳ ﺘ‬

Hadhrat `Abdullah bin 'Ubaidullah bin Abi Mulaika (raz) narrated:

Hadhrat `Abdullah bin `Umar (raz) said to Hadhrat `Amr bin `Uthman
(raz), "Will you not prohibit crying as Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬has said,
'The dead person is tortured by the crying of his relatives.?" (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Chapter: The statement of the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬: "The deceased is
punished because of the wailing of his relatives, if wailing was the
custom of that dead person, p. 206, No. 1286)

According to this hadith, the wailing of a family member causes

torment to the deceased. So, it is strange why some people mourn
every year and add to the torment of the deceased.

Wailing is Forbidden

If one feels sad and tears automatically come in his eyes, then it is
permissible; because a person is compelled to do so. The second case
is that one makes shouts and cries loudly, it is not permissible. It is
forbidden to wail in hadiths. Here are some of the hadiths:

َ ‫ﺲ ﻣ ﱠﻨﺎ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻟ َﻄ َﻢ ا ْ ُ ُﺪ‬ َْ ‫َ َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
،‫ود‬ ِ َ ‫ "ﻟ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎل اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬2
ْ َ ‫َو َﺷ ﱠﻖ ا ْ ُ ُﻴ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻟ ﺲ ﻣﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻖ ا ﯿﻮب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ َو َد َﻋﺎ ِﺑ َﺪ ْﻋ َﻮى ا َ ﺎ ِ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‬،‫ﻮب‬
(285/103 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،58 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺿﺮب ا ﺪود وﺷﻖ ا ﯿﻮب‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬1294 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،207

Hadhrat `Abdullah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "He who
slaps his cheeks, tears his clothes and follows the ways and traditions
of the Days of Ignorance is not one of us.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter:
He who tears off his clothes (when afflicted with a calamity) is not
from us, p. 207, No. 1294; Sahih Muslim, Chapter: Beating cheeks and
tearing clothes…, p. 58, No. 103/285)
41 – Wailing and Mourning | 523
ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َأ ُﺑﻮ ُﺑ ْﺮ َد َة ْﺑ ُﻦ َأ ﻲ ُﻣﻮ َ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ َﻗ‬3
‫ َو َرأ ُﺳ ُﮫ‬،‫ﺎل َو ِﺟ َﻊ أ ُﺑﻮ ُﻣﻮ َ َو َﺟ ًﻌﺎ ﻓﻐ ِ َ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬ ِ
ُ‫ﺎل َأ َﻧﺎ َﺑﺮي ٌء ﻣ ﱠﻤ ْﻦ َﺑﺮ َئ ﻣ ْﻨﮫ‬
َ َ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ ْ ََ ْ َ ْ َِ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ﱠ َ َ َْ َ ْ ً َ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ أﻓﺎق ﻗ‬،‫ ﻓﻠﻢ ﺴﺘ ِﻄﻊ أن ﻳﺮد ﻋﻠ ﺎ ﺷ ﺌﺎ‬،‫ِﺮ اﻣﺮأ ٍة ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻠ ِﮫ‬ ِ
َ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬ ‫َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ِإن رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﺑ ِﺮئ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﺼ ِﺎﻟﻘ ِﺔ وا ِﺎﻟﻘ ِﺔ‬،‫رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
‫َ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫؛ ﻴﺢ‬1296 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،207 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾﻨ ﻣﻦ ا ﻠﻖ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﺼ ﺒﺔ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫اﻟﺸﺎﻗ ِﺔ‬ ‫و‬
(288/103 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،58 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﺿﺮب ا ﺪود وﺷﻖ ا ﯿﻮب‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

Hadhrat Abu Burda bin Abi Musa narrated: “Abu Musa got seriously
ill, fainted and could not reply to his wife while he was lying with his
head in her lap. When he came to his senses, he said, "I am innocent
of those, of whom Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬was innocent. Allah's
Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬is innocent of a woman who cries aloud (or slaps her
face) who shaves her head and who tear off her clothes (on the falling
of a calamity).” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter: Chapter: Shaving the head
on a calamity is forbidden, p. 207, No. 1296; Sahih Muslim, Chapter:
Beating cheeks and tearing clothes…, p. 58, No. 103/288)

If Tears Come out Automatically it is Forgiven

It is mentioned in hadith:
َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﺲ َﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ َ َأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ُﮫ َﻳﻜ‬
‫ﻴﺪ ِﺑ َﻨ ْﻔ ِﺴ ِﮫ َﺑ ْ َن َﻳ َﺪ ْى َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓ َﺪ َﻣ َﻌ ْﺖ َﻋ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل‬ ٌ ََ َ َ
‫ ﻗﺎل أ‬4
ِ ‫ر‬
‫ﱠ‬ ََ َْْ ُ ْ َ َ ََ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل " ﺗ ْﺪ َﻣ ُﻊ اﻟ َﻌ ْ ُن َو َ ْﺤ َﺰن اﻟﻘﻠ ُﺐ َوﻻ ﻧ ُﻘﻮ ُل ِإﻻ َﻣﺎ َﻳ ْﺮ َ َرﱡ َﻨﺎ ِإ ﱠﻧﺎ ِﺑ َﻚ َﻳﺎ‬‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﻘ‬
َ ُ ََ ُ َ ْ
(3126 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،485 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺒ ﺎء ﻋ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ﻴﻢ ْ ُﺰوﻧﻮن‬ ِ ‫ِإﺑﺮا‬

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) narrated: “I saw it at the point of the
death before the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬. Tears began to fall from the
eyes of the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬. He said: The eye weeps and the
heart grieves, but we say only what our Lord is pleased with, and we
are grieved for you, Ibrahim.” (Abu Dawud, Book of Funerals, Chapter:
Weeping for the deceased, p. 485, No. 3126)

The hadith says that if tears come out automatically it is natural and
it not forbidden.
524 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫اﻟﺼ ﱡ‬‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬

‫ل‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ُ ‫ َﻓ ُﺮﻓ َﻊ إ َ َر‬... ‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ ُأ َﺳ َﺎﻣ ُﺔ ْﺑ ُﻦ َزْ ٍﺪ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ‬5
‫ﺳ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ َ ‫ََ ْ ُ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َﱠ ُ َ َ ََﱠَ َ ﱞ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ْ ٌ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺳﻌﺪ ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﻣﺎ ﺬا‬.‫ ﻓﻔﺎﺿﺖ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﻩ‬.‫وﻧﻔﺴﮫ ﺗﺘﻘﻌﻘﻊ ـ ﻗﺎل ﺣ ِﺴ ﺘﮫ أﻧﮫ ﻗﺎل ـ ﺄ ﺎ ﺷﻦ‬
‫َ ﱠَ َْ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِﻋ َﺒ ِﺎد ِﻩ ﱡ‬ ُُ ُ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ٌ َ ََ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬."‫اﻟﺮ َﺣ َﻤ َﺎء‬ ‫ و ِ ﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﺣﻢ‬،‫ﻮب ِﻋ َﺒ ِﺎد ِﻩ‬
ِ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل " ِﺬ ِﻩ رﺣﻤﺔ ﺟﻌﻠ ﺎ اﻟﻠﮫ ِ ﻗﻠ‬
(1284 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،205 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﻮل اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻌﺬب اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺑ ﺎء أ ﻠ ﻋﻠﯿ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Usama bin Zaid (raz) narrated: … “The child was brought to
Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬while his breath was disturbed in his chest (the
sub-narrator thinks that Usama added: as if it was a leather water-
skin. On that the eyes of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬started shedding tears. Sa`d
said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬What is this?" He replied, "It is mercy
which Allah has lodged in the hearts of His slaves, and Allah is merciful
only to those of His slaves who are merciful (to others).” (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Chapter: The deceased is punished because of the weeping
of relatives..., p. 205, No. 1285)

It is known from this hadith that tears came out automatically due to
intense grief, so if no wrong sentence came out of the tongue, then
there is no harm in it.

These were 3 verses and 5 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which were presented before you.
 | 525

42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering

Reward to the Deceased

Delivering the reward of a good deed to the deceased is called Isal al-
Thawab. We shall quote 11 verses and 14 hadiths about this belief,
the details of which are as follows:

Isal al-Thawab is a mustahab act, one can do it if one wants to do, and
there is no sin if one does not do it.

Five Key Points to Do Isal al-Thawab

1. There is no show and display, if it is done for the sake of

showing off to people, no reward shall reach the deceased as
such an act merits no reward at all. Therefore, it is better to
give with the right hand while the left hand is unaware of it.

2. There should be no observance of rituals, nor should it be

done because of following a ritual.

3. If you wish to give charity, give it to the poor, because it is

their right, and giving it to them will bring more reward.

4. Isal al-Thawab should not involve squandering.

5. It is also not right to invite people and make gathering for Isal
al-Thawab.

It is not considered good in the hadith to announce the death of a

person and to gather people for it, then how can it be lawful to gather
526 | Samarat al-Aqaid

people for the sake of Isal al-Thawab, to celebrate it like a party and
to do all the nonsense that Hindus do?

Here is a hadith regarding it:

‫اﻟﻨ ْ َ َﻓﺈ ﱠن ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ْ َ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ َﻤ ِﻞ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل " إ ﱠﻳ ُﺎﻛ ْﻢ َو ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋ ْﺒ ِﺪ‬1
َ َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬.‫ﺎب َﻋ ْﻦ ُﺣﺬ ْﻳ َﻔﺔ‬ َ ‫ َو ْاﻟ‬. ‫اﻟﻨ ْ ُ َأ َذ ٌان ﺑ ْﺎﻟ َﻤ ّﻴ ِﺖ‬ ‫َ َ َ ُ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻠﮫ َو ﱠ‬ ْ
‫ ﻗ‬. " ‫ا َ ﺎ ِ ِﻠ ﱠﻴ ِﺔ‬
ِ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﺎل ﻋ ْﺒﺪ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻨ ﻲ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬984 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،239 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﮐﺮا ﯿﺔ اﻟﻨ‬
(1476 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،211 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ‬

Hadhrat Abdullah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: "Beware

of An-Na'I (announcing death), for indeed announcing one's death is
from the deeds of Jahliyyah." (Ibn Majah, Chapter: What Has Been
Related About It Being Disliked To Announce One's Death, p. 211, No.
1476)

In this hadith, it is forbidden to announce the death of the deceased

in public. Yes, it is permissible to report the funeral, but it is not
publicize the news and attract the crowd.

It is the time of grief, this is last chance to see the deceased, and the
funeral prayer also is to be offered for him, yet the Shari’ah has
discouraged gathering, then how can it allow Isal al-Thawab which is
an act of secrecy. Yes, if some people gather without unlawful
activities and recite something and deliver its reward to the dead,
then the scholars have somehow allowed it.

But the situation at the moment is that there are a lot of corruptions
in this mustahab act. A man's father died, people kept on visiting him
for forty days, and spent 40,000 pounds for it and the man went
bankrupt. Is it permissible to do so in a mustahab deed?

I account of some persons who died in my village, their heirs did not
even have money for the burial, but the people forced them to take
42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering Reward to the Deceased | 527

interest based loan for feast and finally they fed the people by taking
interest based loan of three thousand rupees from a merchant.

On such occasions, the relatives pursue the heirs, and some cunning
people join them in the name of Isal al-Thawab, and regretfully annoy
the poor to the least.

Three Ways of Isal al-Thawab

(1) Delivering the reward by giving charity, e.g. giving rewards by

donating money, feeding the poor, donating animals to the poor and
by sacrificing animals.

(2) Delivering the reward by doing physical deeds, e.g. performing Hajj
and delivering its reward to the deceased, delivering reward to the
deceased by fasting, praying and delivering the reward to the
deceased.

(3) Delivering the reward by reading, e.g. reciting the Qur’an and
Durood (salutations) for the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and delivering the
reward to the deceased, similarly praying for the deceased.

(1) Delivering Reward to the Deceased by Giving Charity

It is mentioned al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah:

(19 ‫ ص‬،89 ‫ رﻗﻢ اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة‬،‫ )اﻟﻌﻘﯿﺪة اﻟﻄﺤﺎو ﺔ‬.‫و دﻋﺎء اﻷﺣﯿﺎء وﺻﺪﻗﺎ ﻢ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻟﻸﻣﻮات‬

“And if those alive pray for the dead and do charity on their behalf, it
will benefit the dead.” (Al-Aqeedah al-Tahawiyyah, Aqeedah No. 89,
p. 19)

Similarly it is mentioned in Sharh of al-Fiqh al-Akbar:

528 | Samarat al-Aqaid

، ‫ )ﺷﺮح اﻟﻔﻘ اﻷﮐ‬.‫ أن دﻋﺎء اﻷﺣﯿﺎء ﻟﻸﻣﻮات وﺻﺪﻗﺘ ﻢ ﻋﻨ ﻧﻔﻊ ﻟ ﻢ ﻋﻠﻮ ا ﺎﻻت‬: ‫وﻣﻨ ﺎ‬
(224 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ أن اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻟﻠﻤﯿﺖ ﯾﻨﻔﻊ ﺧﻼﻓﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻌ ﻟﺔ‬

“The prayer and charity of the living ones for the dead benefits them
and it makes their status higher.” (Sharh al-Fiqh al-Akbar, Ruling:
Supplication for the dead will benefit the deceased…, p. 224)

It states that the deceased receives the benefit of charities and alms
made on their behalf.

Here are some hadiths for the same:

ّ ُ َ َ ‫ ِﻋ ْﻜﺮ َﻣ َﺔ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َأ ْﻧ َﺒ َﺄ َﻧﺎ ْاﺑ ُﻦ َﻋ ﱠ‬1
‫ﺎس ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ ـ أ ﱠن َﺳ ْﻌ َﺪ ْﺑ َﻦ ُﻋ َﺒ َﺎدة ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ ﺗ ُﻮ ِﻓ َﻴ ْﺖ‬ ٍ ‫ﺒ‬ ِ
ُ‫ﺼ ﱠﺪ ْﻗﺖ‬ َ ‫ َأ َﻳ ْﻨ َﻔ ُﻌ َ ﺎ َ ْ ٌء إ ْن َﺗ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ إ ﱠن ُأ ّﻣﻲ ُﺗ ُﻮ ّﻓ َﻴ ْﺖ َو َأ َﻧﺎ َﻏﺎﺋ ٌﺐ َﻋ ْ َ ﺎ‬
‫ُ ﱡ ُ َ ْ َ َ ٌ َ َْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل‬،‫أﻣﮫ و ﻮ ﻏ ِﺎﺋﺐ ﻋ ﺎ‬
َ ٌَ َ َ َْ ْ َ ْ ُ ّ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َْ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ﺻ َﺪﻗﺔ َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ‬ ‫ﺎل ﻓ ِﺈ ِ ﻲ أﺷ ِ ُﺪ َك أ ﱠن َﺣﺎ ِﺋ ِﻄﻲ ا ِ ﺮاف‬ ‫ ﻗ‬." ‫ِﺑ ِﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ﻗﺎل " ﻌﻢ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب وﺻﻮل ﺛﻮاب‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬456 ‫ ص‬،‫إذا ﻗﺎل أر أو ﺴﺘﺎ ﻲ ﺻﺪﻗﺔ ﻟﻠ ﻋﻦ أﻣﻲ‬
(4219/1630 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،716 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺎت إ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬

Hadhrat Ibn `Abbas (raz) narrated: “The mother of Sa`d bin 'Ubada
died in his absence. He said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬My mother
died in my absence; will it be of any benefit for her if I give Sadaqa on
her behalf?" The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Yes," Sa`d said, "I make you a
witness that I gave my garden called Al-Makhraf in charity on her
behalf." (Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter: If someone says, "My land is
Sadaqa for Allah's safe on my mother's behalf, p. 456, No. 2756; Sahih
Muslim, Chapter: Reaching of charity rewartd to the dead, p. 719, No.
1630/4219)
ْ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ ْ َُ َ َ َﱠ ُ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ ُ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ ْ ََ ﱡ ﱠ‬
."‫ﺎل "اﻟ َﻤ ُﺎء‬‫ أﻧﮫ ﻗﺎل ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإن أم ﺳﻌ ٍﺪ ﻣﺎﺗﺖ ﻓﺄى اﻟﺼﺪﻗ ِﺔ أﻓﻀﻞ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺳﻌ ِﺪ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒﺎدة‬2
ُ َ ‫ﺎل َﻓ َﺤ َﻔ َﺮ ﺑ ْ ً ا َو َﻗ‬
َ ‫َﻗ‬
،249 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ﺳﻘﻲ اﻟﻤﺎء‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺰ ﻮة‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫ﺎل َ ِﺬ ِﻩ ﻷ ِ ّم َﺳ ْﻌ ٍﺪ‬ ِ
(1681 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Narrated Sa'd ibn Ubadah:

42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering Reward to the Deceased | 529

Sa'd asked: Messenger of Allah, Umm Sa'd has died; what form of
sadaqah is best? He replied: Water (is best). He dug a well and said: It
is for Umm Sa'd.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Zakat, Chapter: On the
Excellence of Supplying Drinking Water, p. 249, No. 1681)

It is narrated in these hadiths that if another person gives charity, the

reward goes to the deceased.
َ ُ َ ّ َ ْ ُ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َأ ﱠن َر ُﺟ ًﻼ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ َﺸ َﺔ‬3
‫ﺎل ِﻟ ﱠﻠﻨ ِ ّ ِ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِإ ﱠن أ ِّﻣ َﻲ اﻓ ُﺘ ِﻠ َﺘ ْﺖ ﻧ ْﻔ ُﺴ َ ﺎ َو ِ ِ ﻲ أﻇ ﱡ َ ﺎ ﻟ ْﻮ‬
َ َ َ َْ َ َ ‫َ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ ﱠ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ْ ََ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب وﺻﻮل‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺰ ﻮة‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺎل " َﻌ ْﻢ‬ ‫ﺗ ﻠﻤﺖ ﺗﺼﺪﻗﺖ ﻓ ِ أﺟﺮ أن أﺗﺼﺪق ﻋ ﺎ ﻗ‬
(2326/1004 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،406 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺛﻮاب اﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ إﻟﯿ‬

Hadhrat A'isha (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that a man
said to Allah's Apostle (‫)ﷺ‬: My mother died all of a sudden, and I think
if she (could have the opportunity) to speak she would have (made a
will) regarding Sadaqa'. Will I be entitled to reward if I give charity on
her behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes.” (Sahih Muslim, Book of
Zakat, Chapter: The Reward for Charity Reaches the Deceased, p. 406,
No. 1004/2326)
‫َ ْ َ ُْ َﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ﺷ ِ ْﺪ ُت َﻣ َﻊ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ اﻷﺿ ِﺑﺎﻟﻤﺼ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻋﻦ ﺟ ِﺎﺑ ِﺮ ﺑ ِﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬4
ُ
‫ََ ﱠ َ َ ُ ََْ ُ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﺑ َﻴ ِﺪﻩ َو َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل‬ ِ ِ ‫ﺶ ﻓﺬﺑﺤﮫ رﺳﻮل‬ ٍ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗ ﺧﻄﺒﺘﮫ ﻧﺰل ِﻣﻦ ِﻣﻨ ِ ِﻩ وأ ِ ﻲ ِﺑﻜ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ ْ ّ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ‫ْ ﱠ َ ﱠ ُ ََُْ َ َ َّ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺸﺎة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟ ﺎﯾﺎ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ِ ‫" ِ ﺴ ِﻢ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ واﻟﻠﮫ أﻛ ﺬا ﻋ ِ وﻋﻤﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳ ِ ِﻣﻦ أﻣ‬
(2810 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،409 ‫ ص‬،‫ﯾﻀ ﺑ ﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺟﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬

Hadhrat Jabir ibn Abdullah (raz) narrated: “I witnessed sacrificing

along with the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬at the place of prayer. When
he finished his sermon, he descended from his pulpit, and a ram was
brought to him. The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬slaughtered it with his
hand, and said: In the name of Allah, Allah, is Most Great. This is from
me and from those who did not sacrifice from my community.” (Abu
Dawud, Kitab al-Dhahaya, Chapter: A Sheep Sacrificed For a Group of
People, p. 409, No. 2810)
530 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ِإ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َ َرأ ْﻳ ُﺖ َﻋﻠﻴﺎ ُﻳ‬
َ ‫ﻀ ِ ّ ﺑ َﻜ ْ َﺸ ْ ن َﻓ ُﻘ ْﻠ ُﺖ َﻣﺎ َ َﺬا َﻓ َﻘ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﺣ َ ﺶ‬5
ِ ِ ُ َ ِ ٍ
ُ ْ َ ّ َ َ َ ُ َْ َ ّ َ ُ ْ َ َ َْ
‫ ﺑﺎب اﻷ ﯿﺔ ﻋﻦ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟ ﺎﯾﺎ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫وﺳﻠﻢ أوﺻﺎ ِ ﻲ أن أﺿ ِ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻓﺄﻧﺎ أﺿ ِ ﻋﻨﮫ‬
(2790 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،407 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬

Hadhrat Hanadh narrated: “I saw Ali sacrificing two rams; so I asked

him: What is this? He replied. The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬enjoined
upon me to sacrifice on his behalf, so that is what I am doing.” (Abu
Dawud, Kitab al-Dhahaya, Chapter: Sacrificing on Behalf of a
Deceased Person, p. 407, No. 2790)

These 5 hadiths prove that if one gives charity, its reward reaches the
deceased.

However, it should not be based on fame, show, insulting others, nor

should it be done due to observance of rituals. It should also not
involve squandering. This can be done occasionally, because it is only
mustahab (desirable act).

(2) Delivering Reward by Doing Physical Deeds

Here is the hadith for this:

َ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُْ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ ُ َْ ُ ََْ َ َ َ
‫ﺎل ﻗﻠ ُﺖ َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ِإ ﱠن أ ِ ﻲ أ ْد َرﻛ ُﮫ ا َ ﱡ َوﻻ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ ﻗﺎل أﺧ ِ ﻲ ﺣﺼ ن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮ ٍف‬،‫ﺎس‬ ٍ ‫ َﻋ ِﻦ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻋ ﱠﺒ‬6
‫ ﮐﺘﺎب‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫ﻴﻚ‬ َ ‫ﺎل " ُ ﱠ َﻋ ْﻦ َأﺑ‬ َ ‫ﺎﻋ ًﺔ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ‬ ً َ ‫َ ْﺴ َﺘﻄ ُﻴﻊ َأ ْن َﻳ ُ ﱠ إ ﱠﻻ ُﻣ ْﻌ‬
َ ‫ َﻓ‬. ‫ﺿﺎ‬
َ ‫ﺼ َﻤ َﺖ َﺳ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
(2904 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،620 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ا ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬،‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﮏ‬

Hadhrat Ibn ‘Abbas (raz) narrated that Husain bin ‘Awf told him that
he said: “O Messenger of Allah, the command for Hajj has come but
my father cannot perform Hajj unless he is tied to a saddle.” Some
time passed, then he said: “Perform Hajj on behalf of your father.”
(Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Manasik, Chapter: Performing Hajj on behalf of a
dead person, p. 620, No. 2904)
42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering Reward to the Deceased | 531

‫اﺳ َﺘ ْﻔ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ َﻋ ْﻦ‬ ْ ‫ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ‬- ‫ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ﻣ َﻦ ْاﻟ ُﻔ ْﺮع‬- ،‫ﺼ ْ ن‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ْاﻟ َﻐ ْﻮث ْﺑﻦ ُﺣ‬7
َ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ َ ِ َ
‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ
‫ وﻗﺎل اﻟﻨ ﱡ‬. " ‫ِ ﱠ ٍﺔ َﺎﻧ ْﺖ ﻋ أﺑ ِﻴﮫ ﻣﺎت وﻟﻢ ﻳ ﻗﺎل اﻟﻨ ﱡ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ " ﻋﻦ أﺑﻴﻚ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ
ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ ْ َ َ ْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﮏ‬،‫ )اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬." ‫اﻟﺼ َﻴ ُﺎم ِ اﻟﻨﺬ ِر ُﻳﻘ ﻋﻨﮫ‬ ّ ‫ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ " وﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬
ِ ِ
(2905 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،620 ‫ ص‬،‫ا ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬

It was narrated from Abu Ghawth bin Husain – a man from Furu’ –
that he consulted the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬about a Hajj that his father owed,
but he had died and had not gone for Hajj. The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“Perform Hajj on behalf of your father.” And the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“The same applies to fasting in fulfillment of a vow – it should be
made up for.” (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Manasik, Chapter: Performing Hajj
on behalf of a dead person, p. 620, No. 2905)

Hajj and fasting are physical acts of worship, so it is clear from these
two hadiths that the reward of physical acts of worship can be
delivered to the dead.

(3) Delivering Rewarded By Reciting the Qur'an and Prayer

Delivering the reward to the deceased by reciting the Qur’an is lawful.

But fixing date for it, in inviting people for it, shooting video, dancing
and singing with drums and tabala, and uploading to on social media,
how can it be lawful and permissible?

The proofs are the following verses:

َ َ ‫اﻏﻔ ْﺮ َﻟ َﻨﺎ َوﻹ ْﺧ َﻮاﻧ َﻨﺎ ﱠاﻟﺬ‬

‫ﻳﻦ َﺳ َﺒ ُﻘﻮﻧﺎ‬
ْ َ ‫ْ َ ْ ْ َ ُ ُ َن َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻮﻟ‬ ‫ﻘ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫وا‬ ُ
‫ﺎء‬ ‫ﺟ‬ َ ‫ َو ﱠاﻟﺬ‬1
َ ‫ﻳﻦ‬
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ْ
[10/‫ﺎﻹ َﻳﻤ ِﺎن ]ا ﺸﺮ‬ِ ‫ِﺑ‬
“And for those who came after them saying, .Our Lord, forgive us and
those of our brothers who preceded us in faith…” [59:11]

َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ ْ َ ً ْ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ
ِ ‫ َر ِ ّب اﻏ ِﻔ ْﺮ ِ وِﻟ َﻮ ِاﻟﺪ ﱠي وِﻟ َﻤﻦ دﺧ َﻞ َﺑ ْﻴ ِ َ ُﻣﺆ ِﻣﻨﺎ وِﻟﻠ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣ ِﻨ ن واﻟ ُﻤﺆ ِﻣﻨ‬1
[28/‫ﺎت ]ﻧﻮح‬
532 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“My Lord, grant pardon to me, and to my parents, and to everyone

who enters my home as a believer, and to all the believing men and
believing women…” [71:28]]

ُ ّ َ َ ْ ََ ‫ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ََ َ َ ُ ُ َ ﱡ َ ََ ﱠ ّ َ َﱡَ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ َﱡ‬
‫ ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ وﻣﻼ ِﺋﻜﺘﮫ ﻳﺼﻠﻮن ﻋ اﻟﻨ ِ ِ ﻳﺎ أ ﺎ اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨﻮا ﺻﻠﻮا ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ وﺳ ِﻠﻤﻮا‬1
َ
[56/‫ْﺴ ِﻠ ًﻴﻤﺎ ]اﻷﺣﺰاب‬

“Surely, Allah and His angels send blessings to the Prophet. O you who
believe, do pray Allah to bless him, and send your Salam (prayer for
his being in peace) to him in abundance.” [33:56]

In this verse it is said that Allah and the angels send blessings on the
Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, so the believers are also commanded to send
blessings on the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, therefore he should send blessings
on the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, this is a great act of worship.

In this verse, it has been commanded to send blessings to the Holy

Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬. Has it not been an act of reward, we would not have
been commanded to do so.

Here are some hadiths which mention delivering reward after

reciting:

ُ ‫ﺎت َا ْﻹ ْ َﺴ‬
‫ﺎن‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬- ‫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬- ‫ َأ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل َا ﱠﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬- ‫ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬- ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬8
َ ‫ إ َذا َﻣ‬: ‫ﺎل‬
ِ ِ
ُ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ََ َْ ُ َ َ ُْ ْ َْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ ‫ْ َ َ َ َ ْ ُِ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ أو وﻟ ٍﺪ ﺻﺎ ٍ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻟﮫ‬،‫ أو ِﻋﻠ ٍﻢ ﻳ ﺘﻔﻊ ِﺑ ِﮫ‬، ‫ﺻﺪﻗ ٍﺔ ﺟﺎ ِر ٍﺔ‬: ‫ِاﻧﻘﻄﻊ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻋﻤﻠﮫ ِإﻻ ِﻣﻦ ﺛﻼ ٍث‬
(4223/1631 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،716 ‫ ص‬، ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﯾ ﻖ اﻹ ﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺜﻮاب ﻌﺪ وﻓﺎﺗ‬،‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

"When a son of Adam (i.e. any human being) dies his deeds are
discontinued, with three exceptions: Sadaqah, whose benefit is
continuous; or knowledge from which benefit continues to be reaped,
or a righteous child who supplicates for him." (Sahih Muslim, Chapter:
the reward of good deeds reaches after death, p. 716, No. 1631/4223)
42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering Reward to the Deceased | 533

ُ َ َ ْ ‫ﺎل ﱠ‬َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬

َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﻌ ِﻘﻞ ْﺑﻦ َ َﺴﺎر‬9
‫ )أﺑﻮ‬. ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " اﻗ َﺮ ُءوا } ﺲ { َﻋ َﻣ ْﻮﺗﺎﻛ ْﻢ‬ ٍ ِ ِ
(3121 ‫ رﻗم‬،457 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﻘﺮأة ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ‬،‫داؤد‬

Hadhrat Ma'qil ibn Yasar (raz) narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Recite
Surah Ya-Seen over your dying men.” (Abu Dawud Sharif, Chapter:
Reciting for one who is Dying, p. 457, No. 2131)
َ َ َ ‫ﺎن ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ِإذا ﻓ َﺮغ‬ َ َ ‫ﺎل‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ﺎن‬ َ ‫ َﻣ ْﻮ َ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َ ﺎ ﺊ‬10
َ ‫ﺎن َﻋ ْﻦ ُﻋ ْﺜ َﻤ‬
َ ‫ﺎن ْﺑﻦ َﻋ ﱠﻔ‬
ِ
َُ ْ ُ َ ُ ‫ْ َ ْ ْ َ ّ ٍ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ِ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ َ ُ ﱠ ْ َ َ ﱠ‬
،‫ )أﺑﻮداؤد‬."‫ِﻣﻦ دﻓ ِﻦ اﻟﻤ ِﻴ ِﺖ وﻗﻒ ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ﻓﻘﺎل "اﺳﺘﻐ ِﻔﺮوا ﻷ ِﺧﻴﻜﻢ وﺳﻠﻮا ﻟﮫ اﻟﺘﺜ ِ ﻴﺖ ﻓ ِﺈﻧﮫ اﻵن ﺴﺄل‬
(3221 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،470 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب اﻻﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎر ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ ﻟﻠﻤﯿﺖ وﻗﺖ اﻻﻧﺼﺮاف‬

Hadjrat Uthman ibn Affan (raz) narrated: “Whenever the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
became free from burying the dead, he used to stay at him (i.e. his
grave) and say: Seek forgiveness for your brother, and beg
steadfastness for him, for he will be questioned now.” (Abu Dawud
Sharif, Chapter: Praying For Forgiveness for the Deceased, p. 470, No.
3221)
ْ َ ‫َُ ُ َ َﱠ‬
‫ﺻﻠ ْﻴ ُﺘ ْﻢ َﻋ اﻟ َﻤ ِّﻴ ِﺖ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬11
‫ﺎل َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺖ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﻮل " ِإذا‬ َِ
(3199 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،468 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻟﻠﻤﯿﺖ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ﺼﻮا ﻟ ُﮫ اﻟﺪﻋﺎء‬َ َ ‫ﱡ‬ ُ ‫َﻓ َﺄ ْﺧﻠ‬
ِ

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

“When you pray over the dead, make a sincere supplication for him.”
(Abu Dawud, Chapter: Praying For Forgiveness for the Deceased, p.
468, No. 3199)

‫ ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ ﺻﻔﻮان ﺣﺪﺛ اﻟﻤﺸﯿﺨﺔ أ ﻢ ﺣﻀﺮوا ﻏﻀﯿﻒ ﺑﻦ ا ﺎرث اﻟﺜﻤﺎ ﺣ ن اﺷﺘﺪ ﺳﻮﻗ‬12
‫ﻓﻘﺎل ﻞ ﻣﻨﮑﻢ أﺣﺪ ﯾﻘﺮء ٓ ﺲ ․․․․ ﻓ ﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﺸﯿﺨﺔ ﯾﻘﻮﻟﻮن إذا ﻗﺮﺋﺖ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ﺧﻔﻒ ﻋﻨ‬
((16521 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،75 ‫ ص‬،5 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﻣﺴﻨﺪ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻏﻀ ﺐ ﺑﻦ ا ﺎرث ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ‬،‫ ) ﻣﺴﻨﺪ أﺣﻤﺪ‬.‫ﺎ‬

When the time of the death of Ghuzaif bin Al-Harith Al-Thamali

arrived, he said that one of you can recite Surah Ya-Seen, because the
earlier scholars would say that if Ya-Seen is recited near one who dies,
534 | Samarat al-Aqaid

then the severity of death is reduced by its blessing.” (Musnad

Ahmad, Musnad Hadith Ghuzaif bin Al-Harith 1, vol. 2, p. 2, No. 1)

It is said in this hadith that reciting Ya-Seen reduces the severity of

death.

‫ إذا أدﺧﻠﺘﻤﻮ ﻲ ﻗ ي ﻓﻀﻌﻮ ﻲ‬: ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﻼء ﺑﻦ اﻟ ﻼج ﻋﻦ أﺑﯿ أﻧ ﻗﺎل ﻟﺒ ﯿ‬13
‫اﻟ ﺪ و ﻗﻮﻟﻮا ﺑﺎﺳﻢ اﻟﻠ و ﻋ ﺳﻨﺔ رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ و ﺳﻨﻮا ﻋ اﻟ اب ﺳﻨﺎ و اﻗﺮأوا ﻋﻨﺪ رأ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ورد‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ا ﻨﺎﺋﺰ‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟﺒ ﻘﯽ‬.‫اول اﻟﺒﻘﺮة و ﺧﺎﺗﻤ ﺎ ﻓﺈ ﻲ رأﯾﺖ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺴﺘﺤﺒ ﺎ ذﻟﮏ‬
(7068 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،93 ‫ ص‬،4 ‫ ج‬، ‫ﻗﺮأة اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻘ‬

“Ibn Lajlaj said to his son: “When you take me down to the grave and
place me in it, say “Bismillah wa ‘ala Sunnat Rasoolullah”, and throw
dust on me. Then, recite first and last verses of Surah al-Baqarah near
my head, because I saw Hadhrat Abdullah bin Umar, he liked to do it.”
(Sunan al-Bayhaqi, Book of Funerals, Chapter: Reciting the Qur'an at
the Grave, v. 4, p. 93, No. 7608)

This hadith mentioned that Surah Baqara should be recited at the

head of the deceased after burial.

All these 13 hadiths and 3 verses show that the reward of charity and
the reward of supplication and asking for forgiveness is delivered to
the deceased.

The most important thing is that one should always pray and
supplicate for the dead and other actions can be done occasionally.
But n date and day should be fixed and it should involve no rituals, no
show, no extravagance, no gathering, no drums, no dancing, no
singing and no other nonsenses just like Hindu fairs. Charities should
be given to the poor, not to the robbers at shrines.
42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering Reward to the Deceased | 535

Some People Say that Rewards Cannot be Delivered to the

Dead

Some people say that the reward of supplications reaches to the

dead, because it is proven by the hadith, the reward of charities does
not reach.

They argue with verses that say that the sin of one does not reach the
other, here are the verses:

َ َ َ ‫ََ ْ َْ َ ْ ْ َ ﱠ‬
[53:39 ‫ وأن ﻟ ﺲ ِﻟ ِﻺ ﺴ ِﺎن ِإﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺳ ]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‬4

“and that a man shall not deserve but (the reward of) his own effort,”
[53:39]

‫ى‬ َ ْ ُ َ ‫َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ﱡ َ ْ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ُر َ َر ٌ ْز‬
[6:164 ‫ﺲ ِإﻻ ﻋﻠ ﺎ وﻻ ﺗ ِﺰ و ِاز ة ِو ر أﺧﺮ ]اﻷ ﻌﺎم‬ ٍ ‫ وﻻ ﺗﻜ ِﺴﺐ ﻞ ﻧﻔ‬5
“And nobody does anything but to his own account, and no bearer of
burden shall bear the burden of another,” [6:164]

ٌ َ ْ ‫ُ ﱡﻞ َﻧ‬
[74:38 ‫ﺲ ِﺑ َﻤﺎ ﻛ َﺴ َ ْﺖ َر ِ َﻴﻨﺔ ]اﻟﻤﺪﺛﺮ‬
ٍ ‫ﻔ‬ 6

“Everyone will be detained (in the Hell) because of what he did,”

[74:38]

َْ َ َ َ
[2:286 ‫ ﻟ َ ﺎ َﻣﺎ ﻛ َﺴ َ ْﺖ َو َﻋﻠ ْ َ ﺎ َﻣﺎ اﻛ َﺴ َ ْﺖ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬7

“For him is what he has earned, and on him what he has incurred,”
[2:286]

َ َُ َ َ ََ َ ٌ ُ ْ
[2:141 ‫ ِﺗﻠ َﻚ أ ﱠﻣﺔ ﻗ ْﺪ ﺧﻠ ْﺖ ﻟ َ ﺎ َﻣﺎ ﻛ َﺴ َ ْﺖ َوﻟﻜ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ ﻛ َﺴ ْ ُﺘ ْﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬8
536 | Samarat al-Aqaid

“Those are a people who have passed away. For them is what they
earned, and for you is what you earned,” [2:141]

ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ ْ ُ ََ ْ َ َ َ َ ََ ْ ََ ْ َ ٌ ‫ْ َ ُﱠ‬
[2:134 ‫ ِﺗﻠﻚ أﻣﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺧﻠﺖ ﻟ ﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺴ ﺖ وﻟﻜﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺴ ﺘﻢ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬9

“Those are a people who have passed away. For them is what they
earned, and for you is what you earned.” [2:134]

َ َْ َ َ ْ ‫ُﺛ ﱠﻢ ُﺗ َﻮ ﱠ ُ ﱡﻞ َﻧ‬
[2:281 ‫ﺲ َﻣﺎ ﻛ َﺴ َ ْﺖ َو ُ ْﻢ ﻻ ُﻳﻈﻠ ُﻤﻮن ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‬
ٍ ‫ﻔ‬ 10

“then every person shall be paid, in full, what he has earned, and they
shall not be wronged.” [2:281]

In these 7 verses it is said that man is rewarded for what he does. So,
this proves that the deceased does not get any reward from others,
they are rewarded and punished because of what they have done in
their life.

But the Majority of Ulama Say that Rewards Can be Delivered

But the majority of Ulama of this Ummah are of the opinion that the
reward of charity and recitation can be delivered to the deceased for
three reasons.

1. We have already quoted above 13 hadiths and 3 verses which show

that the reward sent to the deceased is received by him. Had there
not been these hadiths and verses, we would also have the opinion
that the deceased does not get the reward.

2. As far the abovementioned 6 verses are concerned, they say that

one's sin will not be given to another, because this is the requirement
of justice, but it does not mention that the reward sent by another
will not be received, it was not denied in the verse above.
42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering Reward to the Deceased | 537

3. The second answer given by the major Ulama is that the deceased
makes his friend, or has relationship with others, or nourishes his
children, so making friend and training children is also a cause of
earning reward; so he will be rewarded for doing so. Similarly, if he
causes sins, then he will receive the sin as well, as the following verse
says:
ََ ْ َْ ْ َُ ‫َ ْ ُ َْ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ً َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َْ َ ﱠ َ ُ ﱡ‬
‫ ِﻟﻴﺤ ِﻤﻠﻮا أوزار ﻢ ِﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻳﻮم اﻟ ِﻘﻴﺎﻣ ِﺔ و ِﻣﻦ أوز ِار اﻟ ِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳ ِﻀﻠﻮ ﻢ ِ ﻐ ِ ِﻋﻠ ٍﻢ أﻻ‬11
َ
[16:25 ‫َﺳ َﺎء َﻣﺎ َﻳ ِﺰ ُرون ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬

“Hence, they shall bear the full weight of their burdens on the Day of
Judgment, and also some of the burdens of those whom they mislead
without knowledge. Remember, evil is the burden they bear.” [16:25]

There is a hadith stating the same thing:

َ َ َ َ ً ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ﺎن ﻟ ُﮫ ِﻣ َﻦ اﻷ ْﺟ ِﺮ‬ ‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗﺎل " ﻣﻦ دﻋﺎ ِإ ﺪى‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮة‬14
ْ ْ َ ْ ََ َ َ ََ َ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ً ْ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ُ ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ُ ْ
‫اﻹﺛ ِﻢ ِﻣﺜ ُﻞ‬ ِ ‫ِﻣﺜﻞ أﺟﻮ ِر ﻣﻦ ﺗ ِﺒﻌﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻘﺺ ذ ِﻟﻚ ِﻣﻦ أﺟ‬
ِ ‫ﻮر ِ ﻢ ﺷ ﺌﺎ وﻣﻦ دﻋﺎ ِإ ﺿﻼﻟ ٍﺔ ﺎن ﻋﻠﻴ ِﮫ ِﻣﻦ‬
َ َ َ ُ َُْ َ َُ َ ْ َ َ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،652 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﻦ دﻋﺎ إ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ﺺ ذ ِﻟ َﻚ ِﻣ ْﻦ آﺛ ِﺎﻣ ِ ْﻢ ﺷ ْ ًﺌﺎ‬ ‫آﺛ ِﺎم ﻣﻦ ﺗ ِﺒﻌﮫ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻘ‬
(4609

Hadhrat Abu Hurairah (raz) reported the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬as

saying: “If anyone summons other to follow right guidance, his reward
will be equivalent to that of the people who follow him, without their
rewards being diminished in any respect on that account; and if
anyone summons others to follow error the sin of which sins being
diminished in any respect on that account.” (Abu Dawud, Chapter:
Inviting to the Sunnah, p. 652, No. 4609)

It is stated in this hadith that if someone does something by guiding

people, then the reward of the doer will be given to the one who
guides. In the same way, if someone commits a sin by misleading
people, then the punishment for the sin will also be meted out to the
one who misled, because he has caused the sin.
538 | Samarat al-Aqaid

This verse and the hadith state that if there is a cause, then those who
cause it get its reward, or punishment, and since the believer deserves
the reward because of his faith, then if he delivers the reward it will
be received by the deceased.

There is no evidence in the Hadith regarding nazr or niyaz (vows and

offerings) or slaughtering that are made on the graves, rather there
are hadith against such acts. Only Isal al-thawab is established by the
Shari’ah, so one should do the same only.

These were 11 verses and 14 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have been presented.

Mujawirs of Graves Run Business

All the hadiths prove only this much that one should go to the graves
and pray for the dead, and sometimes one should secretly give charity
to the poor, and it is mustahab (desirable) to do so.

But what is happening now is that under the guise of these fatwas,
some mujawirs (custodians of grave) have made big domes and put
shining bulbs, and urge everyone who comes to them that these saint
will fulfill your every wish, and he will give such a blessing that your
life will be better, and they receive huge sums of money from those
who fall into this trap and they empty their pockets. So, there is vast
difference between occasional visit of grave and between this games
of looters.

Then they don't stop here, rather invite people to visit the grave every
Thursday or Urs etc through various tricks. Moreover, the festival of
Urs consists of Qawwali, dancing of harlots etc the whole night. In fact
the Hindu festivals are also lagging behind from the prevalent Urs.

The scholars have given only this much permission that visiting
graveyard would remind the death and the hereafter, it will turn the
hearts away from the worldly and material things. But, in this case, on
42 – Isal al-Thawab i.e. Delivering Reward to the Deceased | 539

the contrary one is held completely in the grip of the sins, rather in
the name of religion the world and its colours come out so dazzling
that every young boy and girl is eager to get it.

How vast difference is between a mustahab act permitted by Ulama

and between this dances, festivity and many other nonsense
activities. How vastly different and how strange they are!
 | 540

43 – Hearing of the Dead

We shall quote 4 verses and 7 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which shall be presented before you.

Whether the dead hear or not, this is a very complicated and difficult
issue. There are three schools of thought regarding the hearing of the
dead, and all three have evidences.

(1) One opinion is that the dead do not hear.

(2) The second opinion is that the dead do hear.

(3) The third opinion is that they do not hear everything, rather hear
what Allah wants them to hear through angels or through some other
means.

Note: When there is a difference of opinion in regarding the hearing

of the dead, then how can a person be allowed to ask the prophets
and saints to fulfill his need, and call them as fulfiller of needs!

(1) Those who say that the dead do not hear

Here are some verses regarding the same:

َ ْ ُ ْ ‫ﱠ َ َ ُ ْ ُ ْ َ َْ ََ ُ ْ ُ ﱡ ﱠ ﱡ َ َ َ َﱠ‬
[27:80 ‫ ِإﻧﻚ ﻻ ﺴ ِﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﻮ ﻰ وﻻ ﺴ ِﻤﻊ اﻟﺼﻢ اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ِإذا وﻟﻮا ﻣﺪ ِﺑ ِﺮ ﻦ ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬1

“Surely, you cannot make the dead to hear, nor can you make the
deaf to hear your call when they turn their backs in retreat.” [27:80]

‫َ ﱠ‬
[30:52 ‫اﻟﺪ َﻋ َﺎء ِإذا َوﻟ ْﻮا ُﻣ ْﺪ ِﺑ ِﺮ َﻦ ]اﻟﺮوم‬ ‫ َﻓﺈ ﱠﻧ َﻚ َﻻ ُ ْﺴﻤ ُﻊ ْاﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ َ ﻰ َوَﻻ ُ ْﺴﻤ ُﻊ ﱡ‬2
‫اﻟﺼ ﱠﻢ ﱡ‬
ِ ِ ِ
43 – Hearing of the Dead | 541

“So, you cannot make the dead to hear, nor can you make the deaf to
hear the call when they turn their backs in retreat.” [30:52]

ْ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ ُ ْﺴﻤ ُﻊ َﻣ ْﻦ َ َﺸ ُﺎء َو َﻣﺎ َأ ْﻧ َﺖ ﺑ ُﻤ ْﺴﻤﻊ َﻣﻦ‬

‫َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ََ ْ َْ َ ُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ وﻣﺎ ﺴﺘ ِﻮي اﻷﺣﻴﺎء وﻻ اﻷﻣﻮات ِإن‬3
ٍِ ِ ِ
ُْ
[35:22 ‫ِ اﻟﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‬

“And the living and the dead are not alike. Allah makes to hear
whomsoever He wills. And you cannot make to hear those who are in
the graves.” [35:22]

In these 3 verses, Allah (‫ )ﷻ‬said to the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬that you

cannot hear the dead, yes Allah can make hear whomever He wills.
From these verses (No. 22/35) an elder has argued that we cannot
hear the dead, yes Allah can hear whomever He wants.

Hadhrat Ayesha (raz) was of the opinion that the dead do not hear,
and what the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬narrated was as a miracle of him for
the time being. Therefore, in this hadith, Ayesha said that the dead
do not hear, and for this she recited the verse 27:80.

There is a hadith:

َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻋ َ َﻗ ِﻠﻴﺐ َﺑ ْﺪر َﻓ َﻘ‬

‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻒ ﱠ‬ َ ََ َ َ
‫ﻗ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺮ‬َ ‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ ُﻋ َﻤ‬1
ٍ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ‫اﻵن َ ْﺴ َﻤ ُﻌﻮ َن َﻣﺎ َأ ُﻗﻮ ُل{ َﻓ ُﺬ ِﻛ َﺮ ِﻟ َﻌﺎ ِ َﺸ َﺔ َﻓ َﻘ َﺎﻟ ْﺖ إ ﱠﻧ َﻤﺎ َﻗﺎل‬
َ ‫ﺎل إ ﱠ ُ ُﻢ‬ َ ‫} َ ْﻞ َو َﺟ ْﺪ ُﺗ ْﻢ َﻣﺎ َو َﻋ َﺪ َرﱡ ُﻜ ْﻢ َﺣﻘﺎ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ‬
ِ ِ
َ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َﻗ َ َﺮأ ْت {إ ﱠﻧﻚ‬." ‫اﻵن َﻟ َﻴ ْﻌ َﻠ ُﻤﻮ َن َأ ﱠن ﱠاﻟﺬي ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ َأ ُﻗﻮ ُل َﻟ ُ ْﻢ ُ َﻮ ا ْ َ ﱡﻖ‬َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " إ ﱠ ُ ُﻢ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
ِ ِ ِ َ ِ
ََ َ َ ْ َُ
،671 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﺘﻞ أ ﻲ ﺟ ﻞ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزي‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫اﻵﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻻ ْﺴ ِﻤ ُﻊ اﻟ َﻤ ْﻮ ﻰ} َﺣ ﱠ ﻗ َﺮأ ِت‬
(3981/3980 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Ibn `Umar (raz) narrated: The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬stood at the well
of Badr (which contained the corpses of the pagans) and said, "Have
you found true what your lord promised you?" Then he further said,
"They now hear what I say." This was mentioned before `Aisha and
she said, "But the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said, 'Now they know very well that
542 | Samarat al-Aqaid

what I used to tell them was the truth.' Then she recited (the Holy
verse): "You cannot make the dead hear... [30:52] (Sahih al-Bukhari,
Kitab al-Maghazi, Chapter: The killing of Abu Jahl, p. 671, No.
3980/3981)

In this hadith, Hadhrat Ayesha (raz) said that it is not that the dead
listen, but the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said that the people of Badr now knew
that what I was telling them was true. This is also supported by this
interpretation of Hadhrat Qatadah:
ْ َ َ ُ َ َ ‫َ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓ ُﻘ ِﺬﻓﻮا ِ ﻃ ِﻮ ّ ٍي ِﻣ ْﻦ أﻃ َﻮ ِاء‬... ‫ أ ﱠن ﻧ ِ ﱠ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ أ َﻣ َﺮ َﻳ ْﻮ َم َﺑ ْﺪ ٍر‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﻃ َ ﺔ‬2
َ َ َّ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻓ َﻘ‬...‫ َﻓ َﺠ َﻌ َﻞ ُﻳ َﻨ ِﺎد ْﻢ ﺑ َﺄ ْﺳ َﻤﺎ ِ ْﻢ َو َأ ْﺳ َﻤ ِﺎء َآﺑﺎ ِ ْﻢ‬... ‫َﺑ ْﺪر‬
‫ َﻣﺎ ﺗ ِﻠ ُﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ أ ْﺟ َﺴ ٍﺎد ﻻ‬،‫ﺎل ُﻋ َﻤ ُﺮ َﻳﺎ َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ َ
َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ‫أ ْر َو‬
‫ َﻣﺎ أﻧﺘ ْﻢ ِﺑﺄ ْﺳ َﻤ َﻊ ِﻟ َﻤﺎ‬،‫ﺲ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ‬ ُ ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َواﻟ ِﺬي ﻧﻔ‬ َ ‫اح ﻟ َ ﺎ ﻓﻘ‬
َ ً ً َ ً ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ ُ ُل ْ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ُ ﱠ ُ َ ﱠ‬
ْ ‫ﻴﺨﺎ َو َﺗ‬
".‫ﺼ ِﻐ ً ا َوﻧ ِﻘ َﻴﻤﺔ َو َﺣ ْﺴ َﺮة َوﻧ َﺪ ًﻣﺎ‬ ِ ‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺘﺎدة أﺣﻴﺎ ﻢ اﻟﻠﮫ ﺣ أﺳﻤﻌ ﻢ ﻗﻮﻟﮫ ﺗﻮ‬." ‫أﻗﻮ ِﻣ ﻢ‬
(3976 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،671 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻗﺘﻞ أ ﻲ ﺟ ﻞ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻐﺎزي‬،‫) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Abu Talha (raz): On the day of Badr, the Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
orderedthat the corpses of twenty four leaders of Quraish should be
thrown into one of the dirty dry wells of Badr… he addressed the
corpses of the Quraish infidels by their names and their fathers'
names … `Umar said, "O Allah's Messenger (‫ !)ﷺ‬You are speaking to
bodies that have no souls!" Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "By Him in
Whose Hand Muhammad's soul is, you do not hear, what I say better
than they do." (Qatada said, "Allah brought them to life (again) to let
them hear him, to reprimand them and slight them and take revenge
over them and caused them to feel remorseful and regretful.") (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Maghazi, Chapter: The killing of Abu Jahl, p. 671,
No. 3976)

Hadhrat Qatadah says that Allah revived them so that they would
listen to the words of the Holy Prophet (raz) as a rebuke, as a disgrace
and as a punishment.
43 – Hearing of the Dead | 543

According to Hadhrat Qatadah's interpretation, the dead do not

listen, but Allah revived the disbelieving Quraysh and made them hear
the words of the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬to humiliate them, so it is a miracle
of the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, otherwise under normal circumstances the
dead do not hear.

These 3 verses and 2 hadiths show that the dead do not listen.

(2) Those who say that the dead hear

They present the following hadiths as evidence:

‫ وﺟﺪﺗﻢ ﻣﺎ وﻋﺪ ر ﮑﻢ ﺣﻘﺎ؟‬:‫ أن اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ أﺧ ە ﻗﺎل اﻃﻠﻊ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻋ أ ﻞ اﻟﻘﻠﯿﺐ ﻓﻘﺎل‬3
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ‬، ‫ ) ﺑﺨﺎری ﺷﺮ ﻒ‬.‫ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻣﺎ أﻧﺘﻢ ﺑﺄﺳﻤﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ و ﻟﮑﻦ ﻻ ﯾﺠﯿﺒﻮن‬،‫ﻓﻘﯿﻞ ﻟ أﺗﺪﻋﻮن أﻣﻮاﺗﺎ‬
(1370 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،220 ‫ ص‬، ‫ﺟﺎء ﻋﺬاب اﻟﻘ‬

Hadhrat Ibn 'Umar (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬peeped at the
well of Badr (where the dead bodies of disbelievers were put) and
said, 'Did Allaah fulfill what He promised you? The people said to the
Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬: You are calling the dead, so he said: You do not hear as
much as they hear, but they cannot answer.” (Sahih Bukhari, Bab Ma
Jaa Fi Azab Al-Qabr, p. 220, No. 1370)

This hadith implies that the dead listen.

‫ﻊ‬ َ ‫ﺎل "إ ﱠن ْاﻟ َﻌ ْﺒ َﺪ إ َذا ُوﺿ‬ َ ‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ َ ﺲ ْﺑﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ ـ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬4
ِ ِ ِ ِ َ َ ِ ِ
ُ ُ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ
َ ُ ْ َ ْ َُ َْ َ َ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ َ ْ ُ َْ ‫َْ ََ َﱠ‬
ُ
ِ ‫ أﺗﺎﻩ ﻣ َﻠ ِﺎن ﻓﻴﻘ ِﻌﺪ ِاﻧ ِﮫ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻻ ِن ﻣﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻘﻮل‬،َ ‫ و ِ ﻧﮫ ﻟ ﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﺮع ِ ﻌ ِﺎﻟ ِ ﻢ‬،‫ وﺗﻮ ﻋﻨﮫ أ ﺎﺑﮫ‬،‫ﻗ ِ ِﻩ‬
ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬.‫ ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل أﺷ َ ُﺪ أ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﻋ ْﺒ ُﺪ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ َو َر ُﺳﻮﻟ ُﮫ‬.‫اﻟﺮ ُﺟ ِﻞ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺬا ﱠ‬
(1338 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،213 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب اﻟﻤﯿﺖ ﺴﻤﻊ ﺧﻔﻖ اﻟﻨﻌﺎل‬

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
"When (Allah's) slave is put in his grave and his companions return
and he even hears their footsteps, two angels come to him and make
544 | Samarat al-Aqaid

him sit and ask, 'What did you use to say about this man (i.e.
Muhammad)?' The faithful Believer will say, 'I testify that he is Allah's
slave and His Apostle.'” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter: Person in grave
listens the sound of footsteps, p. 213, No. 1338)

In this hadith it is stated that the dead hear the sound of shoes.

‫ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل اﻟﻠ ﷺ ﻣﻦ ﺻ ﻋ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗ ي و ﻞ ﺑ ﻤﺎ ﻣﻠﮏ ﯾﺒﻠﻐ و ﮐﻔﯽ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ أ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة ﻗﺎل‬5

‫ و رواﯾﺔ ا ﻨﻔﻲ‬، ‫ ﺬا اﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ اﻷﺻﻤ‬،‫ﺑ ﻤﺎ أﻣﺮ دﻧﯿﺎە و آﺧﺮﺗ وﮐﻨﺖ ﻟ ﺷ ﯿﺪا أو ﺷﻔﯿﻌﺎ‬
‫ )اﻟﺒ ﻘﻲ‬. ‫ ﻣﻦ ﺻ ﻋ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗ ي ﺳﻤﻌﺘ وﻣﻦ ﺻ ﻋ ﻧﺎﺋﯿﺎ أﺑﻠﻐﺘ‬:‫ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨ ﷺ ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬
(1583 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،218 ‫ ص‬،2 ‫ ج‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻌﻈﯿﻢ اﻟﻨ ﷺ و إﺟﻼﻟ وﺗﻮﻗ ە‬،‫ﺷﻌﺐ اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Holy
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever
sends blessings to my grave, Allah appoints an angel over him to
deliver that blessing to me. I will be witnesses and intercessors for
him.” These words are narrated by al-Asma’i. However, there is
another narration in some other words by al-Hanafi, in which the
Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Whoever sends blessings to my grave, I listen to it,
and whoever sends blessings to me from a far place, it is conveyed to
me.” (Al-Bayhaqi, Shu’ab al-Iman, Chapter: Reverence of the Prophet
‫ ﷺ‬and his exaltation, vol. II, p. 218, No. 1583)

This hadith says that if someone recites durood near my grave I listen
to it and if he recites from a distance, it is conveyed to me by angels.

I searched this hadith in Maktaba al-Shamla, but could not find the
words ( ‫ )ﻋﻨﺪ ﻗ ي ﺳﻤﻌﺘ‬in any book. Some scholars of Hadith have called
it da'eef.

(3) The dead do not listen, but listen as much as Allah wills

Here are their evidences:

43 – Hearing of the Dead | 545

َْ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ْ ََ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ
‫ات ِإ ﱠن اﻟﻠ َﮫ ُ ْﺴ ِﻤ ُﻊ َﻣ ْﻦ َ ﺸ ُﺎء َو َﻣﺎ أﻧ َﺖ ِﺑ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻤ ٍﻊ َﻣ ْﻦ‬
ُ ‫اﻷ ْﻣ َﻮ‬ ‫ وﻣﺎ ﺴﺘ ِﻮي اﻷﺣﻴﺎء وﻻ‬4
ْ
[35:22 ‫ِ اﻟ ُﻘ ُﺒﻮ ِر ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‬

“And the living and the dead are not alike. Allah makes to hear
whomsoever He wills. And you cannot make to hear those who are in
the graves.” [35:22]

In this verse it is said that those who are in the graves can heard if
Allah wills for them to hear, you no one can make them hear.
ُ َ َ َْ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ْوس ْﺑﻦ َأ ْوس‬6
‫ﻀ ِﻞ أ ﱠﻳ ِﺎﻣﻜ ْﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ َم‬‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " ِإن ِﻣﻦ أﻓ‬ ٍ ِ ِ
‫اﻟﺼ َﻼة ﻓﻴﮫ َﻓﺈنﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ‫اﻟﺼ ْﻌ َﻘ ُﺔ َﻓ َﺄ ْﻛ ُ وا َﻋ َ ﱠ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻴﮫ‬ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫و‬َ ُ َ ْ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ‬ ‫ﻴﮫ‬ ‫ﻓ‬‫و‬َ َ
‫ﺾ‬ ‫ﺒ‬‫ﻗ‬
ُ
‫ﻴﮫ‬ ‫ﻓ‬‫و‬َ ُ
‫م‬ َ ‫ا ْ ُ ُﻤ َﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﮫ ُﺧﻠ َﻖ‬
‫آد‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ‫َ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ٌ َ َ ﱠ َ َ َ ُ َ َ ُ َل ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ُ ن‬
‫ ﻗﺎل ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻳﺎ رﺳﻮ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ وﻛﻴﻒ ﻌﺮض ﺻﻼﺗﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ وﻗﺪ أ ِرﻣﺖ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮ‬. " ‫ﺻﻼﺗﻜﻢ ﻣﻌﺮوﺿﺔ ﻋ‬
َ َْ َ َ ْ َ َْ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ ﱠ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬
،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻻﺳﺘﻐﻔﺎر‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫ض أﺟﺴﺎد اﻷﻧ ِ ﻴ ِﺎء‬ ِ ‫ ﻓﻘﺎل " ِإن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﺣﺮم ﻋ اﻷر‬. ‫ﺑ ِﻠﻴﺖ‬
(1085 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،152 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻓﻀﻞ ا ﻤﻌﺔ‬،‫؛ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬1531 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،226 ‫ص‬

Hadhrat Aws ibn Aws (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said:
“Among the most excellent of your days is Friday; on it Adam was
created, on it he died, on it the last trumpet will be blown, and on it
the shout will be made, so invoke more blessings on me that day, for
your blessings will be submitted to me. The people asked: Messenger
of Allah, how can it be that our blessings will be submitted to you
while your body is decayed? He replied: Allah, the Exalted, has
prohibited the earth from consuming the bodies of Prophets.” (Abu
Dawud, Chapter on seeking forgiveness, p. 226, No. 1531; Ibn Majah,
Chapter on the merit of Friday, p. 152, No. 1085)

In this hadith it is said that Durood is presented before the Holy

Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, he does not listen from afar, but it is conveyed to him.

ُ َ َ ً ُُ ْ ُ َ ُُ َُ ْ َ َ
‫ﻮرا َوﻻ ﺗ ْﺠ َﻌﻠﻮا‬ ‫ "ﻻ ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻮا ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻜﻢ ﻗﺒ‬:‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َأ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬7
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ‬ ِ
ُ ُ ُ ُْ َ ْ ُ ََ َ ‫َْ ي ً َ َ ﱡ ََ ﱠ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب ز ﺎرة‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﮏ‬،‫ )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬." ‫َﺣ ْﻴﺚ ﻛ ْﻨ ُﺘ ْﻢ‬ ِ ‫ﻗ ِ ِﻋﻴﺪا وﺻﻠﻮا ﻋ ﻓ ِﺈن ﺻﻼﺗﻜﻢ ﺗﺒﻠﻐ‬
(2042 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،296 ،‫اﻟﻘﺒﻮر‬
546 | Samarat al-Aqaid

Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Do
not make your houses graves, and do not make my grave a place of
festivity. But invoke blessings on me, for your blessings reach me
wherever you may be.” (Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Manasik, p. 296, No.
2042)

It is clear from these hadiths that the Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬does not listen
directly, but it is conveyed to him, and blessings are presented before
him.

One of my teachers used to say that combining the two hadiths and
verses shows that the dead do not hear themselves, but they hear
what Allah wants them to hear. This is the safest way and balanced
opinion that combines both types of verses. And Allah knows best.

These were 4 verses and 7 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which you have been presented.
 | 547

44 – Signs of the Qiyamah

We shall quote 3 verses and 16 hadiths about this belief, the details
of which are as follows:

These ten things are among the signs of the Hour i.e. Qiyamat:

(1) Smoke

(2) The emergence of Dajjal (the Antichrist)

(3) An animal will come out of the earth that will talk to humans

(4) The sun will rise from the west

(5) Hadhrat Isa (peace be upon him) will descend from heaven to
earth

(6) A nation Gog and Magog will emerge and destroy the whole world

(7,8,9) There will be landslides in three places, one in the east, one in
the west, and one in the Arabian Peninsula.

(11) A fire will break out which will gather the people to the place of
resurrection.

There are some other signs of the Hour as well.

548 | Samarat al-Aqaid

We Believe in these Signs of the Hour

We believe in these signs of the Qiyamat, because they are proved by

the verses and hadiths. All these ten signs were mentioned in a single
hadith which is as follows:
َ َ َ َ َ ‫اﻃ َﻠ َﻊ ﱠ‬
‫ْ َ ّ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ
‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱡ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ َﻨﺎ َوﻧ ْﺤ ُﻦ ﻧ َﺘﺬاﻛ ُﺮ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل‬،‫ﻴﺪ اﻟ ِﻐﻔ ِﺎر ِي‬ ٍ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺬ ْﻳﻔﺔ ْﺑ ِﻦ أ ِﺳ‬1
َََ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ُو َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ ﱠ َ َ َ َ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﺬﻛ َﺮ‬. " ‫ﺎت‬ ٍ ‫ﻮم ﺣ ﺗ َﺮون ﻗ ْﺒﻠ َ ﺎ ﻋﺸ َﺮ َآﻳ‬ ‫ ﻗﺎل " ِإ ﺎ ﻟﻦ ﺗﻘ‬. ‫ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا ﻧﺬﻛﺮ اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬. " ‫ﻓﻘﺎل " ﻣﺎ ﺗﺬاﻛﺮ ن‬
ُ
‫ﺲ ِﻣ ْﻦ َﻣﻐ ِ ِﺮ َ ﺎ َوﻧ ُﺰو َل ِﻋ َ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
ْ ‫ﻮع ﱠ‬
ْ ‫اﻟﺸ‬
‫ﻤ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺪ ﱠاﺑ َﺔ َو ُﻃ ُﻠ‬
‫ﺎل َو ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎن َو ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﺪ ﱠﺟ‬ َ ‫اﻟﺪ َﺧ‬
‫ﱡ‬
ِ
ْ ٌ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ ْ ْ ٌ َ ُ َ ََ َ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َْ َ
‫ﻮف ﺧ ْﺴﻒ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻤﺸ ِﺮ ِق َوﺧ ْﺴﻒ ِﺑﺎﻟ َﻤﻐ ِﺮ ِب َوﺧ ْﺴﻒ ِﺑ َﺠ ِﺰ َﺮ ِة اﻟ َﻌ َﺮ ِب َو ِآﺧ ُﺮ‬ ٍ ‫ﺴ‬ُ ‫ﺧ‬ ‫و ﺄﺟﻮج وﻣﺄﺟﻮج وﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬
َ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ٌ َ ْ ُُ َ ََْ َ ُُْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎت‬ِ ‫ ﺑﺎب ِ اﻵﻳ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬. ‫ﺎس ِإ َﻣﺤﺸ ِﺮ ِ ْﻢ‬ ‫ذ ِﻟﻚ ﻧﺎر ﺗﺨﺮج ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻤ ِﻦ ﺗﻄﺮد اﻟﻨ‬
‫ ﺑﺎب أﻣﺎرات‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻢ‬،‫؛ أﺑﻮ داؤد‬7285/2901 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1256 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ‬ ‫ﱠاﻟ َﺗ ُ ﻮ ُن َﻗ ْﺒ َﻞ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﺴ‬
ِ
(4311 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،605 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬

Hadhrat Hudhaifa b. Usaid al-Ghifari (raz) reported: “Allah's

Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬came to us all of a sudden as we were (busy in a
discussion). He said: What do you discuss about? They (the
Companions) said. We are discussing about the Last Hour. Thereupon
he said: It will not come until you see ten signs before and (in this
connection) he made a mention of the smoke, Dajjal, the beast, the
rising of the sun from the west, the descent of Jesus son of Mary (Allah
be pleased with him), the Gog and Magog, and land-slides in three
places, one in the east, one in the west and one in Arabia at the end
of which fire would burn forth from the Yemen, and would drive
people to the place of their assembly. (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fitna,
Chapter: The Signs Which will Appear before the Hour, p. 1256, No.
2901/7285; Abu Dawood, Kitab al-Malahim, Chapter: Signs of the
Hour, p. 605, No. 4311)

These will be the ten great signs before the Day of Qiyamah.
44 – Signs of the Qiyamah | 549

Hadhrat Isa (pbuh) will Return to Earth

Some people say that Hadhrat Isa - (Jesus) peace be upon him - will
not come again, this is not true. Because it is mentioned in the
authentic hadiths that Jesus has been raised up to heaven, and he will
come down to earth again, and will enforce the law according to the
law of the Holy Prophet(‫)ﷺ‬, then he will not have his own law and he
will become a member of his ummah, because the Holy Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬
is the last of the prophets, there is no prophet to come after him, and
whoever now claims prophethood is a liar.

Some people have also claimed that he is Jesus, but their claim is
completely wrong, because Jesus will descend in the very end, and
will kill the Dajjal (Antichrist) with his own hands, and those who claim
to ne Jesus have never seen the antichrist nor has killed him, so this
claim is completely false.

Here are some verses that prove that Jesus will descend:

‫ َو ْن ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْ ﻞ ْاﻟﻜ َﺘﺎب إ ﱠﻻ َﻟ ُﻴ ْﺆﻣ َ نﱠ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﺎ‬

ً َ ً َ ُ ‫َ ْ ََ َُ ﱠُ َْ ََ َ ﱠ‬
‫ ﺑﻞ رﻓﻌﮫ اﻟﻠﮫ ِإﻟﻴ ِﮫ و ﺎن اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ِﺰ ﺰا ﺣ ِﻜ‬1
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
[4:158-159 ‫ﻴﺪا ]اﻟ ﺴﺎء‬ ً ‫ﺑﮫ َﻗ ْﺒ َﻞ َﻣ ْﻮﺗﮫ َو َ ْﻮ َم ْاﻟﻘ َﻴ َﺎﻣﺔ َﻳ ُ ﻮ ُن َﻋ َﻠ ْ ْﻢ َﺷ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ ِِ

“But Allah lifted him towards Himself. Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise. No

one will remain from among the People of the Book but will certainly
believe in him before he dies, and on the Day of Doom, he shall be a
witness against them.” [4:158-159]

According to Tafseer of Ibn Abbas (raz), this verse indicates that Jesus
will descend to earth, and all the People of the Book will embrace
Islam, which indicates that he will come again.

Similarly, it is mentioned in this hadith:

550 | Samarat al-Aqaid

ْ َ َ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َ َ
‫ "ﻓ َﺒ ْ َﻨ َﻤﺎ ُ ْﻢ ُ ِﻌ ﱡﺪون ِﻟﻠ ِﻘ َﺘ ِﺎل ُ َﺴ ﱡﻮو َن‬... ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ أ ﱠن َر ُﺳﻮ َل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻗ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ُ َﺮْ َﺮة‬2
ُ ْ ‫وب ا ْﻟﻤ‬
ُ ‫اب َﻛ َﻤﺎ َﻳ ُﺬ‬َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َذ‬ ‫ﱠ َُ َ َْ ُ َ ْ ُ َ َْ َ ََ ﱠ ُ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ ﱡ ﱠ‬ َ ُ ْ َ ُ‫ﱡ‬
ِ ِ ‫و‬‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫آﻩ‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ﺈ‬ِ ‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﻣ‬‫ﺄ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫اﺑ‬ ‫ﻋ‬ ‫ل‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ﻼ‬ ‫اﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ِ ِ ‫اﻟﺼﻔﻮف ِإذ‬
‫ﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ‫أ‬
َ ‫ُ ﱠ‬ َ َ ‫ْاﻟ َﻤ ِﺎء َﻓ َﻠ ْﻮ َﺗ َﺮ َﻛ ُﮫ َﻻ ْﻧ َﺬ‬
،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫اب َﺣ ﱠ َ ْ ِﻠ َﻚ َوﻟ ِﻜ ْﻦ َﻳ ْﻘ ُﺘﻠ ُﮫ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ ﻓ ُ ِ ِ ْﻢ َد َﻣ ُﮫ ِ َﺣ ْﺮَ ِﺘ ِﮫ‬ ِ
ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ َ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1254 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ِ ﻓﺘ ِﺢ ﻗ ْﺴﻄﻨ ِﻄﻴ ِ ﱠﻴﺔ َوﺧ ُﺮو ِج اﻟﺪ ﱠﺟ ِﺎل َوﻧ ُﺰو ِل ِﻋ َ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬
(7278/2897

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) reported Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬as saying:

… he would come out while they would be still preparing themselves
for battle drawing up the ranks. Certainly, the time of prayer shall
come and then Jesus (peace be upon him) son of Mary would descend
and would lead them. When the enemy of Allah would see him, it
would (disappear) just as the salt dissolves itself in water and if he
(Jesus) were not to confront them at all, even then it would dissolve
completely, but Allah would kill them by his hand and he would show
them their blood on his lance (the lance of Jesus Christ).” (Sahih
Muslim, Kitab al-Fitna, Chapter: The Conquest Of Constantinople, The
Emergence Of The Dajjal And The Descent Of 'Eisa bin Mariam, p.
1254, No 2897/7278)
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ " َواﻟ ِﺬي‬َ ‫ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻗ‬،‫ َأ ﱠﻧ ُﮫ َﺳﻤ َﻊ َأ َﺑﺎ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬،‫ َﻋﻦ ْاﺑﻦ ْاﻟ ُﻤ َﺴ ﱠ ﺐ‬3
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫اﻟﺼ ِﻠ‬ ْ َ ً ْ َ ُ ُ ْ َ
‫َﻧ ْﻔ ﺑ َﻴ ِﺪﻩ ﻟ ُﻴﻮﺷﻜ ﱠﻦ أن َﻳ َل ِﻓﻴﻜ ُﻢ ْاﺑﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﺣﻜ ًﻤﺎ ُﻣﻘﺴﻄﺎ ﻓ َﻴﻜﺴ َﺮ ﱠ‬
ْ َ َ
‫ﻴﺐ‬ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ‫َو َ ْﻘ ُﺘ َﻞ ا ْ ْ َﻳﺮ َو‬
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫ﺎل َﺣ ﱠ ﻻ َﻳﻘ َﺒﻠ ُﮫ أ َﺣ ٌﺪ‬ ُ ‫ﻴﺾ اﻟ َﻤ‬ َ ‫ﻀ َﻊ ا ْﺰَ ﺔ َو َ ِﻔ‬
ِ ِ ِ
َ َ ُ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،77 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ﻧ ُﺰو ِل ِﻋ َ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ َﺣ ِﺎﻛ ًﻤﺎ ِ ﺸ ِﺮ َﻌ ِﺔ ﻧ ِﺒ ِّ َﻨﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬
(389/155

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) reported that the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬
said: “By Him in Whose hand is my life, the son of Mary (‫ )ﷺ‬will soon
descend among you as a just judge. He will break crosses, kill swine
and abolish Jizya and the wealth will pour forth to such an extent that
no one will accept it.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, The descent of
'Eisa bin Mariam to judge according to the Shari'ah of our Prophet
Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬, p. 77, No. 155/389)
44 – Signs of the Qiyamah | 551

‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫ﺼﺎر ّي َأ ﱠن َأ َﺑﺎ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬

َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬
َ َ َ ََ َ َْ َ ٌ َ ََْ َ َ َ
َ ‫اﻷ ْﻧ‬ ‫ ﻣﻮ أ ِ ﻲ ﻗﺘﺎدة‬،‫ ﻗﺎل أﺧ ِ ﻲ ﻧ ِﺎﻓﻊ‬4
ِ ِ
ُ ُ ُ َ َ َْ َ َ
‫ ﺑﺎب‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬." ‫وﺳﻠﻢ " ﻛ ْﻴﻒ أﻧ ُﺘ ْﻢ ِإذا ﻧ َﺰ َل ْاﺑ ُﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ ِﻓﻴﻜ ْﻢ َو ِ َﻣ ُﺎﻣﻜ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻨﻜ ْﻢ‬
َ َ ُ
(392/155 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،77 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻧ ُﺰو ِل ِﻋ َ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ َﺣ ِﺎﻛ ًﻤﺎ ِ ﺸ ِﺮ َﻌ ِﺔ ﻧ ِﺒ ِّ َﻨﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Huraira that the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬observed: “What will be your state when the
son of Mary descends amongst you and there will be an Imam
amongst you?” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, The descent of 'Eisa bin
Mariam to judge according to the Shari'ah of our Prophet Muhammad
(‫)ﷺ‬, p. 77, No. 155/394)
ُ َ َ ْ َ َ ‫ َﻗ‬... ‫ﺎل‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َْ َ َ َ ﱠ َ ُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل ْاﺑ ُﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ِذﺋ ٍﺐ ﺗ ْﺪ ِري َﻣﺎ أ ﱠﻣﻜ ْﻢ‬ ‫ أن رﺳﻮل‬،‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬5
ُ َ َ َ َ ُ
.‫ﺎب َرِّ ﻜ ْﻢ ﺗ َﺒﺎ َر َك َو َﻌﺎ َو ُﺳ ﱠﻨ ِﺔ ﻧ ِ ِّﻴﻜ ْﻢ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻓ َﺄ ﱠﻣ ُﻜ ْﻢ ﺑﻜ‬
‫ﺘ‬ َ ‫ﻗ‬
َ ُ ْ ُ ُ ُْ ْ ُ ْ
.‫ِﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﻗﻠﺖ ﺗﺨ ِ ِ ﻲ‬
ِ ِِ
َ َ ُ
‫ ﺑﺎب ﻧ ُﺰو ِل ِﻋ َ ْاﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ْﺮَ َﻢ َﺣ ِﺎﻛ ًﻤﺎ ِ ﺸ ِﺮ َﻌ ِﺔ ﻧ ِﺒ ِّ َﻨﺎ ُﻣ َﺤ ﱠﻤ ٍﺪ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
(394/155 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،77 ‫ ص‬،‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬

It is narrated on the authority of Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) that the

Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬observed: … Ibn Abi Dhi'b said: Do you know
what the words:" He would lead as one amongst you" mean? I said:
Explain these to me. He said: He would lead you according to the Book
of your: Lord (hallowed be He and most exalted) and the Sunnah of
your Apostle (‫)ﷺ‬.” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, The descent of 'Eisa
bin Mariam to judge according to the Shari'ah of our Prophet
Muhammad (‫)ﷺ‬, p. 77, No. 155/394)

These hadiths show that Jesus (peace be upon him) will descend to
earth again, and he will be follow the law of the Prophet Muhammad
(‫)ﷺ‬.

Hadhrat Imam Mahdi

The emergence of Imam Mahdi is also among the signs of the Hour.
His name will be Muhammad just like Holy Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬and in the
same way his father's name will be Abdullah. He will be among the
552 | Samarat al-Aqaid

descendants of Hadhrat Fatima (raz) and among the descendants of

Hadhrat Hassan (raz).

The Muslims will swear allegiance to him and he will be the last caliph.
While he will be praying Salah, Jesus will descend from the heaven
and perform the prayers under his leadership. They will fight mutually
and finally Hadhrat Isa (peace be upon him) will kill the Dajjal.

Here are some hadiths regarding the same:

‫ﺎل َ"ﻳ ُ ﻮ ُن‬َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬ ‫ َز ْوج ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُأ ّم َﺳ َﻠ َﻤ َﺔ‬6
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ‫ْ َ ٌ ْ َ َ ْ َ َِ ََ ْ ُ ُ َ ُ ٌ ْ َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ً َ َ ﱠ َ ََْ َ ٌ ْ َ ْ َ ﱠ‬
‫اﺧ ِﺘﻼف ِﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻮ ِت ﺧ ِﻠﻴﻔ ٍﺔ ﻓﻴﺨﺮج رﺟﻞ ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ اﻟﻤ ِﺪﻳﻨ ِﺔ ﺎ ِر ﺎ ِإ ﻣﻜﺔ ﻓﻴﺄ ِﺗ ِﻴﮫ ﻧﺎس ِﻣﻦ أ ِﻞ ﻣﻜﺔ‬
ُ ْ َ َْ َ َ ُ َ ْ َُْ َ ‫َ ُ ْ ُ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ ٌ َ ُ َ ُ َ ُ َ ْ َ ﱡ ْ َ ْ َﻤ‬
‫ض ﻓ َﻴﻠ َﺒﺚ َﺳ ْﺒ َﻊ‬
ِ ‫ر‬‫اﻷ‬ ‫إ‬ِ ‫ﮫ‬
ِ ‫ﻧ‬
ِ ‫ا‬
‫ﺮ‬ ‫ﺠ‬
ِِ‫ﺑ‬ ‫م‬‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ ‫اﻹ‬
ِ ‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﻘ‬
ِ ‫ﻠ‬ ‫و‬ ... ‫ﺎم‬‫ﻘ‬
ِ ‫ﻓﻴﺨ ِﺮﺟﻮﻧﮫ و ﻮ ﺎ ِرﻩ ﻓﻴﺒﺎ ِ ﻌﻮﻧﮫ ﺑ ن اﻟﺮﻛ ِﻦ واﻟ‬
َ ْ َ َّ َُ ‫َ ُ ﱠ ََُ ﱠ‬
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أول ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤ ﺪي‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻢ‬،‫" )أﺑﻮ داؤد‬.‫ﺼ ِ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ اﻟ ُﻤ ْﺴ ِﻠ ُﻤﻮن‬ ‫ِﺳ ِﻨ ن ﺛﻢ ﻳﺘﻮ و‬
(4286 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،602

Hadhrat Umm Salamah, the Wife of the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬that the Prophet
(‫ )ﷺ‬said: “Disagreement will occur at the death of a caliph and a man
of the people of Madinah will come flying forth to Mecca. Some of the
people of Makkah will come to him, bring him out against his will and
swear allegiance to him between the Corner and the Maqam… An
expeditionary force will then be sent against him from Syria but will
be swallowed up in the desert between Makkah and Madinah. When
the people see that, the eminent saints of Syria and the best people
of Iraq will come to him and swear allegiance to him between the
Corner and the Maqam … and establish Islam on Earth. He will remain
seven years, then die, and the Muslims will pray over him.” (Abu
Dawud, Kitab al-Malahim, Chapter: Awwal Kitab al-Mahdi, p. 602, No.
4286)
ْ ْ‫ََْ َ ُ ﱡ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
َ ‫ َﻗ‬،‫اﻟﻠ ِﮫ‬
‫َ ْ َْ ﱠ‬
‫اﻟﺪﻧ َﻴﺎ َﺣ ﱠ َﻳ ْﻤ ِﻠ َﻚ اﻟ َﻌ َﺮ َب‬ ‫ "ﻻ ﺗﺬ ﺐ‬:‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒ ِﺪ‬7
‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻤ ﺪي‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬." ِ ‫اﺳ‬ ْ ‫َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ ﻣ ْﻦ َأ ْ ﻞ َﺑ ْﻴ ُﻳ َﻮاﻃ ُﺊ‬
ْ ‫اﺳ ُﻤ ُﮫ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
(2230 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،512
44 – Signs of the Qiyamah | 553

Hadhrat 'Abdullah (raz) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

"The world shall not pass away until a man from the people of my
family rules the Arabs whose name agrees with my name." (Sunan al-
Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Fitan, Chapter: What has been related about the
Mahdi, p. 512, No. 2230)

‫ٌ َ َْ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ ُ َ َ َ َ ‫ْ ُ ْ ّي‬ َ ْ َ
‫ َ ْﻌ َﺪ ﻧ ِﺒ ِّ َﻨﺎ َﺣ َﺪث ﻓ َﺴﺄﻟ َﻨﺎ ﻧ ِ ﱠ اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬،‫ﺎل ﺧ ِﺸ َﻨﺎ أ ْن َﻳ ﻮن‬ ‫ ﻗ‬، ِ ‫ﻴﺪ ا ﺪ ِر‬
ٍ ِ ‫ﻌ‬ َ
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ ِ ‫أ‬ ‫ ﻋﻦ‬8
َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ
َ ُ َ ُُْ َ ‫ََ َ ﱠ ﱠ َْْ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎل " ﻓ َﻴ ِ ُء ِإﻟ ْﻴ ِﮫ َر ُﺟ ٌﻞ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬... "‫ﺶ ﺧ ْﻤ ًﺴﺎ أ ْو َﺳ ْﺒ ًﻌﺎ أ ْو ِ ْﺴ ًﻌﺎ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ ﻓﻘﺎل " ِإن ِ أﻣ ِ اﻟﻤ ِﺪي ﻳﺨﺮج ِﻌ‬
َُ ْ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ
،‫ )ﺳ ن اﻟ ﻣﺬي‬."‫ ﻗﺎل " ﻓﻴﺤ ِ ﻟﮫ ِ ﺛﻮ ِ ِﮫ ﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻄﺎع أن ﻳﺤ ِﻤﻠﮫ‬. " ِ ‫ﻓ َﻴ ُﻘﻮ ُل َﻳﺎ َﻣ ْ ِﺪ ﱡي أ ْﻋ ِﻄ ِ أ ْﻋ ِﻄ‬
(2232 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،512 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء اﻟﻤ ﺪي‬،‫ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬

Hadhrat Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri (raz) narrated: “We feared events to

occur after our Prophet, so we asked Allah's Prophet (‫)ﷺ‬, and he said:
"Indeed there will be a Mahdi who comes in my Ummah (ruling) living
for five, or seven, or nine."… He said: "A man will come to him and
say: O Mahdi! 'Give to me, give to me! So he will fill in his garment
whatever he is able to carry.'" (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Kitab al-Fitan,
Chapter: Regarding The Mahdi's Life And His Giving, p. 512, No. 2232)

It was known from these hadiths that Hadhrat Mahdi will come closer
to the Qiyamat, he will become the caliph, and there will be many
victories in his time, and there will be an abundance of wealth in his
age.

Dajjal i.e. the Antichrist

The Dajjal (Antichrist) will be a human being, but Allah Almighty will
give him enough power to mislead the people. Dajjal will appear, he
will be a disbeliever, and he will call people to his disbelief. Here are
some hadiths regarding the same:
554 | Samarat al-Aqaid

... ‫اﻟﺪ ﱠﺟ ِﺎل‬‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻳ ْﻮ ًﻣﺎ َﺣﺪ ًﻳﺜﺎ َﻃﻮ ًﻼ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ َ ﱠََ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ل‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﺳ‬‫ر‬ ‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﺛ‬ ‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ﻗ‬ ، ‫ﻴﺪ‬
ٍ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﺳ‬ َ ‫ َأ ﱠن َأ َﺑﺎ‬9
ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ ُ ُ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ُ ُ َ َ َْ َ ‫َ ُ ﱡ‬ َ ُ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ ‫ََُ ُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ﻓﻴﻘﺘﻠﮫ ﺛﻢ ﻳﺤ ِﻴ ِﻴﮫ‬.‫ َ ْﻞ ﺸ ﻮن ِ اﻷﻣ ِﺮ ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﻻ‬،‫ﺎل أ َرأ ْﻳ ُﺘ ْﻢ ِإ ْن ﻗ َﺘﻠ ُﺖ َ ﺬا ﺛ ﱠﻢ أ ْﺣ َﻴ ْ ُﺘ ُﮫ‬
ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻮل اﻟﺪﺟ‬
َ ُ ‫َ َ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ
‫ َﻓ ُ ُﻳﺪ ﱠ‬.‫ﻴﻚ أ َﺷ ﱠﺪ َﺑﺼ َ ًة ﻣ ّ ْاﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ َم‬ ‫ََُ ُ َ ﱠ‬
َ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ َﻣﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨ ُﺖ ﻓ‬
‫ ) ﻴﺢ‬.‫ﺎل أ ْن َﻳ ْﻘ ُﺘﻠ ُﮫ ﻓﻼ ُ َﺴﻠﻂ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ‬ ُ ‫اﻟﺪ ﱠﺟ‬
ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ‫ﻓﻴﻘﻮل و‬
َ ْ ُ ‫ََْ ُ ُ ﱠ ﱠ‬
(1882 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،303 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺎل اﻟ َﻤ ِﺪ َﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ ﺑﺎب ﻻ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﺪﺟ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬

Hadhrat Abu Sa`id (raz) narrated: One day Allah's Messenger (‫)ﷺ‬
narrated to us a long narration about Ad-Dajjal … “Dajjal will say (to
his audience), 'Look, if I kill this man and then give him life, will you
have any doubt about my claim?' They will reply, 'No,' Then Ad-Dajjal
will kill that man and then will make him alive. The man will say, 'By
Allah, now I recognize you more than ever!' Ad-Dajjal will then try to
kill him (again) but he will not be given the power to do so." (Sahih al-
Bukhari, Book of Virtues of Madinah, Chapter: Al-Dajjal will not be
able to enter Al-Madinah, p. 303, No. 1882)

َ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس َﻓ َﺄ ْﺛ‬
‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َ َ ُ ُ ﱠ‬ ُ ْ
ِ ِ َ ِ ‫ إن ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻠﮫ اﺑﻦ ﻋ َﻤ َﺮ ـ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﻤﺎ ﻗﺎم رﺳﻮل‬10
َ َ َْ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ﺎل "إ ّ ﻲ ُﻷ ْﻧﺬ ُر ُﻛ ُﻤ‬
‫ ﻟ َﻘ ْﺪ‬،‫ َو َﻣﺎ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ِ ّ ٍ ِإﻻ أﻧﺬ َر ُﻩ ﻗ ْﻮ َﻣ ُﮫ‬،‫ﻮﻩ‬ َ َ ‫ َﻓ‬،‫ﺎل‬
‫ﻘ‬ َ ‫ﺟ‬ ‫ ُﺛ ﱠﻢ َذ َﻛ َﺮ ﱠ‬،‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﺑ َﻤﺎ ُ َﻮ َأ ْ ُﻠ ُﮫ‬
‫اﻟﺪ ﱠ‬ ‫ََ ﱠ‬
‫ﻋ‬
ِ ِِ ِ ِ
َ ْ ‫اﻟﻠ َﮫ َﻟ‬ َ َ َ
‫َ ْ ً َ ْ َ ُ ْ ُ َ ﱞ َ ْ َ َْ ُ َ ﱠ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ َُ ُ َ َ َ ٌ ُ َ َ َْ
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ وأن‬،‫ ﻌﻠﻤﻮن أﻧﮫ أﻋﻮر‬،‫ َوﻟ ِﻜ ِ ّ أﻗﻮ ُل ﻟﻜ ْﻢ ِﻓ ِﻴﮫ ﻗﻮﻻ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻠﮫ ﻧ ِ ِﻟﻘﻮ ِﻣ ِﮫ‬،‫ﻮح ﻗ ْﻮ َﻣ ُﮫ‬ ‫أﻧﺬر ﻧ‬
َ
،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫؛ ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬7127 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1227 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﺪﺟﺎل‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ِﺑﺄ ْﻋ َﻮ َر‬
(7361/2932 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1269 ‫ ص‬،‫ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﺪﺟﺎل‬

Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn `Umar (raz) narrated: “Once Allah's Messenger

(‫ )ﷺ‬stood amongst the people, glorified and praised Allah as He
deserved and then mentioned the Dajjal saying, "l warn you against
him (i.e. the Dajjal) and there was no prophet but warned his nation
against him. No doubt, Noah warned his nation against him but I tell
you about him something of which no prophet told his nation before
me. You should know that he is one-eyed, and Allah is not one-eyed."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter: Chapter: Information about Ad-Dajjal, p.
1227, No. 7127; Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fitan, Chapter: Information
about Ad-Dajjal, p. 1269, No. 2932/7361)
44 – Signs of the Qiyamah | 555

َ َ
‫ ﻓ َﻨﺎ ُر ُﻩ َﻣ ٌﺎء‬،‫اﻟﺪ ﱠﺟ ِﺎل " ِإ ﱠن َﻣ َﻌ ُﮫ َﻣ ًﺎء َوﻧﺎ ًرا‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺎل‬ ‫ َﻋﻦ ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ ُﺣ َﺬ ْﻳ َﻔ َﺔ‬11
َ ‫اﻟﻨ ّ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ َﻗ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
َ ُ
(7130 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1228 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﺪﺟﺎل‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ َو َﻣﺎؤ ُﻩ ﻧ ٌﺎر‬،‫َﺑﺎ ِر ٌد‬

Hadhrat Hudhaifa (raz) narrated that the Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said about Ad-
Dajjal that he would have water and fire with him: (what would seem
to be) fire, would be cold water and (what would seem to be) water,
would be fire.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter: Information about Ad-
Dajjal, p. 1228, No. 7130)
َ َ ُ َ ْ َ ‫َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َُ َ ﱠ‬ َ َ َ ‫َﱠ‬
‫ﺻﻼ ِﺗ ِﮫ‬ ِ ‫ﻴﺬ‬‫ﻌ‬ِ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﮫ‬
ِ ‫اﻟﻠ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋ ﺎ ـ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺖ رﺳﻮل‬ ‫ أن ﻋﺎ ِ ﺸﺔ ـ ر‬12
(7129 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1228 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ذﮐﺮ اﻟﺪﺟﺎل‬،‫ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫ﻣ ْﻦ ﻓ ْﺘ َﻨﺔ ﱠ‬
) .‫اﻟﺪ ﱠﺟ ِﺎل‬ ِ ِ ِ

Hadhrat `Aisha (raz) narrated: “I heard Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬in his

prayer, seeking refuge with Allah from the afflictions of Ad-Dajjal.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Chapter: Information about Ad-Dajjal, p. 1228, No.
7129)

The Dajjal will be a great fitna and one should seek refuge from him.
He is also a sign of the Hour.

Emergence of Yajuj and Majuj

Yajuj and Majuj (Gog and Magog) is a large group of people which will
appear close to the Day of Qiyamah and will cause a great uproar in
the whole world. Here is the verse about them:

َ ُ ْ ُ ُ ‫ﻮج َو َﻣ ْﺄ ُﺟ‬
[21:96 ‫ﻮج َو ُ ْﻢ ِﻣ ْﻦ ِ ّﻞ َﺣ َﺪ ٍب َﻳ ِﺴﻠﻮن ]اﻷﻧ ﻴﺎء‬ ُ ‫َﺣ ﱠ إ َذا ُﻓﺘ َﺤ ْﺖ َﻳ ْﺄ ُﺟ‬
ِ ِ 2

“until when the Ya‘juj and Ma‘juj (Gog and Magog) are released, while
they run down from every height,” [21:97]

Here is a hadith about them:

556 | Samarat al-Aqaid

َ َ َ َ َْ
‫اﺳ ْﻴ َﻘﻆ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻧ ْﻮ ِﻣ ِﮫ َو ُ َﻮ َﻳ ُﻘﻮ ُل " ﻻ ِإﻟ َﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻨ ِ ﱠ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ‬ ‫ َأ ﱠن ﱠ‬،‫ َﻋ ْﻦ َزْ َ َﺐ ﺑ ْ ﺖ َ ْ ﺶ‬13
ٍ ِ ِ
ُ ‫ َو َﻋ َﻘ َﺪ ُﺳ ْﻔ َﻴ‬. " ‫ﻮج ﻣ ْﺜ ُﻞ َ ﺬﻩ‬ ْ
َ ‫ﻮج َو َﻣﺄ ُﺟ‬ ْ ْ
َ ‫اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َو ْ ٌﻞ ﻟ ْﻠ َﻌ َﺮب ﻣ ْﻦ َﺷ ّﺮ ﻗﺪ ْاﻗ َ َب ُﻓﺘ َﺢ اﻟ َﻴ ْﻮ َم ﻣ ْﻦ َر ْدم َﻳﺄ ُﺟ‬
َ َ ‫ﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎن‬ ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ٍ ِ ِ ِ ‫ِإﻻ‬
ً َ
‫ رﻗﻢ‬،1246 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب اﻗ اب اﻟﻔ ن و أﺷﺮاط اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬. ‫ِﺑ َﻴ ِﺪ ِﻩ َﻋﺸ َﺮة‬
(7235/2880

Hadhrat Zainab bint Jahsh (raz) reported that Allah's Apostle (‫ )ﷺ‬got
up from sleep saying: There is no being worthy of worship except
Allah; there is a destruction in store for Arabia because of turmoil
which is at hand, the barrier of Gog and Magog has opened so much.
And Sufyan made a sign of ten with the help of his hand (in order to
indicate the width of the gap),” (Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Fitan, Chapter:
The Approach of Tribulations and the Opening of the Barrier of Ya'juj
and Ma'juj, p. 1246, No. 2880/7235)

This verse and hadith show that Gog and Magog will be set free before
Qiyamah.

The Sun will Rise from the West

It is mentioned in the following hadith:

َُ ‫ََُ ُ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺎل َر ُﺳﻮ ُل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ "ﻻ ﺗﻘﻮم اﻟﺴ‬
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ ر اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻨﮫ َﻗ‬،‫ َﺣ ﱠﺪ َﺛ َﻨﺎ َأ ُﺑﻮ ُ َﺮْ َﺮ َة‬14
َ ‫ﺎل َﻗ‬
َ َ َ ‫ َﻓ َﺬ‬،‫ﺎس َآﻣ َﻦ َﻣ ْﻦ َﻋ َﻠ ْ َ ﺎ‬
،‫اك ِﺣ َن ﻻ َﻳ ْﻨ َﻔ ُﻊ ﻧ ْﻔ ًﺴﺎ ِإ َﻳﻤﺎ ُ َ ﺎ‬ ‫ َﻓﺈ َذا َرآ َ ﺎ ﱠ‬،‫ﺲ ﻣ ْﻦ َﻣ ْﻐﺮ َ ﺎ‬ ‫َ ﱠ َ ُْ َ ﱠ‬
ُ ‫اﻟﻨ‬
ِ ِِ ِ ُ ‫ﺣ ﺗﻄﻠﻊ اﻟﺸ ْﻤ‬
َ َُ َ
،793 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب ﻻ ﯾﻨﻔﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﺎ إﯾﻤﺎﻧ ﺎ‬، ‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﺘﻔﺴ‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬." ‫ﻟ ْﻢ ﺗﻜ ْﻦ َآﻣ َﻨ ْﺖ ِﻣ ْﻦ ﻗ ْﺒ ُﻞ‬
(4635 ‫رﻗﻢ‬

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated that Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said:

"The Hour will not be established until the sun rises from the West:
and when the people see it, then whoever will be living on the surface
of the earth will have faith, and that is (the time) when no good will it
do to a soul to believe then, if it believed not before. [6.158]” (Sahih
al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tafseer, Chapter: Faith will not benefit then, p.
793, No. 4635)
44 – Signs of the Qiyamah | 557

A Beast will Appear as Sign for Qiyamah

Near the Day of Judgment, a strange animal will come out that will
talk to humans. And at that time the door of repentance will be closed
َْ
ُ َ َ ‫اﻷ ْ ض ُﺗ َ ّﻠ ُﻤ ُ ْ َ ﱠ ﱠ‬ ً َ ْ َ َ َْ َ َ
‫ﺎس ﺎﻧﻮا‬ ‫ َو ِ ذا َوﻗ َﻊ اﻟﻘ ْﻮ ُل َﻋﻠ ْ ِ ْﻢ أﺧ َﺮ ْﺟ َﻨﺎ ﻟ ُ ْﻢ َد ﱠاﺑﺔ ِﻣ َﻦ ر ِ ِ ﻢ أن اﻟﻨ‬3
‫ن‬َ ُ ُ َ َ ََ
[27:82 ‫ِﺑﺂﻳﺎ ِﺗﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻮ ِﻗﻨﻮ ]اﻟﻨﻤﻞ‬

“When the word will come to fall upon them, We will bring forth for
them a beast from the earth who will speak to them that the human
beings (i.e. the infidels) did not believe in Our signs.” [27:82]

Some Other Sign of Qiyamah

Near the Day of Qiyamah, adultery will become common, songs will
become common, drinking alcohol will become common, ignorance
from religion will become common, and children will behave badly
with their parents and children will have no respect for their parents,
and the lowly people will build tall buildings.

These things are mentioned in the following hadiths:

َ
ُ‫ َو َذا َﺗ َﻄ َﺎو َل ُر َﻋ ُﺎة اﻹﺑﻞ ْاﻟ ُ ْ ﻢ‬،‫اﻷ َﻣ ُﺔ َرﱠ َ ﺎ‬ َ َ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ُ َ َ َ َ َْ ُ َ ْ َ
ِ ِ ِِ ِ ‫اﻃ ﺎ ِإذا وﻟﺪ ِت‬ ِ ‫ وﺳﺄﺧ ِ ك ﻋﻦ أﺷﺮ‬...‫ ﻋﻦ أ ِ ﻲ ﺮ ﺮة‬15
‫ﱠ‬ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ َﺑ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻹﯾﻤﺎن‬،‫ ) ﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬،‫ْاﻟ ُﺒ ْ َﻴﺎن‬
‫ﺻ اﻟﻠ ُﮫ َﻋﻠ ْﻴ ِﮫ َو َﺳﻠ َﻢ َﻋ ِﻦ‬ َ ‫اﻟﻨ ﱠ‬
ِ
‫ﻳﻞ ﱠ‬ َ ْ ‫ﺎب ُﺳﺆال ﺟ‬
ِ ِ ِ ِ
(50 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬،12 ‫ ص‬،‫اﻹ َﻳﻤ ِﺎن‬
ِ

Hadhrat Abu Huraira (raz) narrated: … (The Prophet ‫ )ﷺ‬said: But I will
inform you about its portents. 1. When a slave (lady) gives birth to her
master. 2. When the shepherds of black camels start boasting and
competing with others in the construction of higher buildings…”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Iman, Chapter: The asking of Jibril from the
Prophet about Iman and the knowledge of the Hour, p. 12, No. 50)
558 | Samarat al-Aqaid

‫ﱠ‬ ً ُُ َُ َ َ َ ََ ْ َ
‫ َر ُﺳﻮ ِل اﻟﻠ ِﮫ ـ ﺻ اﻟﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻴﮫ وﺳﻠﻢ ـ‬،‫ﺎل أﻻ أ َﺣ ِّﺪﺛﻜ ْﻢ َﺣ ِﺪﻳﺜﺎ َﺳ ِﻤ ْﻌ ُﺘ ُﮫ ِﻣ ْﻦ‬ ‫ ﻗ‬،‫ﺲ ْﺑ ِﻦ َﻣ ِﺎﻟ ٍﻚ‬ ِ َ ‫ ﻋﻦ أ‬16
ُ ْ ْ ْ ْ َ َ َ
ْ ْ ‫َ ُْ ُ ْ ُ ﱠ‬ ُُّ َ َُ
‫ﺎﻋ ِﺔ أ ْن ُﻳ ْﺮﻓ َﻊ اﻟ ِﻌﻠ ُﻢ َو َ ﻈ َ َﺮ ا َ ْ ُﻞ َو َ ْﻔﺸ َﻮ‬
َ ‫اﻟﺴ‬
‫اط ﱠ‬ َْ ٌ َ
ِ ‫ﻻ ﻳﺤ ِﺪﺛﻜ ْﻢ ِﺑ ِﮫ أﺣﺪ ﻌ ِﺪي ﺳ ِﻤﻌﺘﮫ ِﻣﻨﮫ " ِإن ِﻣﻦ أﺷ َﺮ‬
َ ًَ َ َ ُ ّ ّ ‫اﻟﺰَﻧﺎ َو ُ ْﺸ َﺮ َب ا ْ َ ْﻤ ُﺮ َو َ ْﺬ َ َﺐ‬
‫ )اﺑﻦ‬." ‫ﺎل َو َ ْﺒ َﻘﻰ اﻟ ِ َﺴ ُﺎء َﺣ ﱠ َﻳ ﻮن ِ ْﻤ ِﺴ َن ْاﻣ َﺮأة ﻗ ِّﻴ ٌﻢ َو ِاﺣ ٌﺪ‬ ُ ‫اﻟﺮ َﺟ‬
ِ ِ
ّ
(4045 ‫ رﻗﻢ‬584 ‫ ص‬،‫ ﺑﺎب أﺷﺮاط اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬،‫ ﮐﺘﺎب اﻟﻔ ن‬،‫ﻣﺎﺟﺔ‬

Hadhrat Anas bin Malik (raz) said: “Shall I not tell you a Hadith that I
heard from the Messenger of Allah (‫)ﷺ‬, which no one will tell you
after me? I heard it from him (saying): ‘Among the portents of the
Hour are that knowledge will be taken away and ignorance will
prevail, illegal sex will become widespread and wine will be drunk,
and men will disappear and women will be left, until there is one man
in charge of fifty women.” (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Fitan, Chapter: The
portents of the Hour, p. 584, No. 4045)

These were 3 verses and 16 hadiths about this belief, the details of
which were presented before you.

THE END

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, and peace and blessings of
Allah be upon His Messenger, upon his Family and his Companions till
the Day of Judgment.

Praise be to God, this book was completed today, which is an

important book of my life.

Samiruddin Qasmi

Manchester UK
02/02/2018