International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)

Volume: 07 Issue: 10 | October - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930

IoT Color-Based Product Sorting Machine

Nalinkumar S1, Arun M2, Barathwaj S3 ,Biju J4
1
Nalinkumar S EEE & Bannari amman institute of technology
2
Arun M EEE & Bannari amman institute of technology
3
Barathwaj S EEE & Bannari amman institute of technology
4
Biju J | AP ISE & Bannari amman institute of technology

Abstract - The IoT Color-Based Product Sorting efforts are goes on decreasing day-byday. Since last
Machine is a cutting-edge automated system decade .This system puts forward mechanism to
designed to revolutionize the manufacturing and detect color and sort item through image processing.
packaging industries. This innovative solution This mechanism is used to sort the candies into
employs Internet of Things (IoT) technology to particular bins or baskets
enable efficient and precise sorting of products based
on their color attributes. The system integrates Key Words: IoT, colour sensor, servo motor, node
advanced image recognition algorithms, sensor MCU,,
networks, and cloud computing to streamline the
1.INTRODUCTION
sorting process. Color Based Object Sorting has a
wide usage in fruit sorting as well as candy sorting An Internet of Things (IoT) Color-Based Product
industries. This system puts forward a mechanism to Sorting Machine is a cutting-edge automation
detect color and sort items through image system that leverages IoT technology to enhance the
processing. Once identified a mechanism is used to efficiency and precision of product sorting in various
sort the candies into particular bins baskets. We here industries. This innovative solution integrates
hardware and software components to identify,
demonstrate this mechanism using a camera with
classify, and sort objects based on their colors,
electronic circuitry along with sorting mechanism providing an efficient and reliable way to streamline
using 3 bins. The system uses raspberry pi connected manufacturing and logistics processes.With the ever-
to a controller circuit to achieve this task. The increasing demand for faster production and error-
controller circuit consists of a camera attached to it free sorting, this IoT-based system offers a
that detects color of a small object in front of it. A comprehensive solution that utilizes sensors,
motor is used to feed an object to the camera cameras, and connectivity to automate the sorting
process. It can be applied in industries such as
chamber.
manufacturing, e-commerce, agriculture, and more
to ensure that products are categorized accurately
As soon is the color is detected a signal is sent to the and quickly, reducing labor costs and errors.
sorter mechanism which uses a motor to position the
sorting tube towards respective section. A feeder is Key components of this system typically include a
then used to push the object towards the tubs so that network of color sensors and cameras, a central
processing unit or microcontroller, and a cloud-
it gets sorted and next object is pulled in by the
based software platform. These components work in
feeder. The action details are sent to the IOT server unison to capture images of products, analyze their
using iotgecko platform to keep track of the number colors, and relay data to a central hub. Machine
of objects sorted in each section. Thus we achieve a learning algorithms can then be employed to
completely automated IOT based sorting recognize and classify products, making real-time
system.Color based product sorting has a wide sorting decisions. Users can monitor and manage the
usagein fruits sorting as well as candy sorting system remotely via a web or mobile interface,
adding a layer of convenience and flexibility to the
industries. Now a day’s industrial area requires
operation.
demand for automation. Due to automation human
© 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM26036 | Page 1
 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 10 | October - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930

2. LITERATURE REVIEW
The IoT enables physical things to look, listen, For the operation of object sorting machines based on
assume and perform businesses by having them colour, size, weight, etc., this is not a unique concept.
"talk" together, to share information and to The concept has been around for a long, ever since
orchestrate choices. The IoT changes these articles technology has advanced.
from being conventional to shrewd by its basic
advancements, for example, worldwide computing, Design and development of a robot for color sorting
embedded gadgets, correspondence advances. Irda Hassan [4] and Lim Jie Shen (*) -This taught us
Shrewd questions alongside their appointed how a robot is utilized for sorting, eliminating the
undertakings constitute space particular applications need for physical labor or assistance [7].
while universal registering and scientific
administrations frame application area autonomous Using a Raspberry Pi, Automated Object Sorting N.
administrations Fig-2 shows the general idea of the Aarthi, P. Sahithi, P.V. Sitaramaih, M. Indu
IoT in which each area particular application is Vardhani, N. Ranjith Kumar, and D. Suneel Varma -
cooperating with autonomous administrations. This published work offered various perspectives on
how this sorting mechanism may be taken into
account [8].

Sorting of object based on colour weight and

type on a Conveyor Line Using PLC, S. V. Rautu,
A. P. Shinde , N. R. Darda,A, V.Vaghule, C,
B.Meshram, S. S. Sarawade –their gave us the
knowledge of how different sensors are responsible
and helpful for the sorting based on weight, colour
and metal [9].

3.TECHNOLOGY FOR OBJECT SORTING

1) Colour sensor
A colour sensor depends on a photodiode which
measure the power reflected by the protest for a
red, green and blue light source. Because of the
same it will help in detecting the specified color.
The IoT idea, consequently, goes for making the There are total 8 pins in a color sensor.pin no 7
Internet considerably more immersive and and 8 are selection pins, pin no 1 and pin 2 are
inescapable. Besides, by empowering simple access frequency scaling pin. Pin 6 is output.
and collaboration with a wide assortment of gadgets,
for example, for example, home apparatuses,
observation cameras, checking sensors, actuators,
showcases, vehicles, et cetera, the IoT will cultivate
the advancement of various applications that make
utilization of the possibly huge sum and assortment
of information produced by such questions give new
administrations to subjects, organizations, and open
organizations

© 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM26036 | Page 2

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 10 | October - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930

Working of color sensor • The yield picture can be adjusted

representation that relies on picture analysis [14].
Each photodiodes have an 8*8 matrix which
results into 16 of green filter, 16 or red filter, 16
2) Robotic technology:
of blue filter and the rest 16 for clear filter when
no colour will be detected.
In this era where technology is increasing
Table 1: Pin description at a high speed, need of manufacturing and handling
Pin Name I/ DESCRIPTION is also increasing. Robotics has found its place in this
O area where work can be done without man-handling,
GND(4) Power supply ground. All resulting into speed and accuracy in work. Robotic
voltages are referenced to GND technology helps in making task more easily and
efficiently [9]. There are various tasks of a robot
OE(3) I Enable for fo (active low).
which are now widely used. Some of them are:
OUT O Output frequency (fo).
S0,S1（1,2 I Output frequency scaling • Household chores
） selection inputs. • Workplace chores
S2,S3（7.8 I Photodiode type selection inputs • Hospital works
） • Help for the disabled people
VDD（5） Supply voltage • Wars and disasters (calamities that occur)

Here, it is specifically detailed how the robotic arm

2) Colour sensor: is used for the color sorting machine. In order to
coordinate the construction of an automated arm that
Image processing In image processing pictures are picks up items as they go along a transport line, a
caught, transmitted, and prepared in advanced frame. microcontroller is used. Different technologies and
Computerized picture handling is one of division in fabrication techniques, such as microcontroller,
electronic territory where picture is altered to pixels, Arduino, raspberry pi, etc., can be used to create this
put away in an advanced stockpiling and prepared by type of arm. This effort focuses on grouping the
the PC. In result, it diminishes cost computational shaded items that are being transported in advance
speed, and adaptability. The center assignment of by choosing and placing each item in its unique, pre-
advanced picture preparing is safeguarding pictures designed habitat [13].
and improves them to the new data structures, to give
a superior premise to acquiring and examination of
related exercises. Also, the image processing
prompts improvement of picture highlights intrigue
and helpful data about the scene from upgraded
picture could be figured. Propelled picture getting
ready, remove information of a photo for taking care
of and examination. After taking the photo from the
camera, the framework exchanges to a PC for
preparing and capacity by utilizing distinctive
procedures, for example, picture catching, picture
digitization, commotion sifting and highlight
recognizable proof [10].

Image processing is done with the following steps.

• Taking the photograph with optical scanner or
by electronic mode.
• Analyzing and changing the picture which
integrates evidence load and portrait headway and
spotting plans that are not to mortal senses like
digital TV photos.

© 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM26036 | Page 3

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 10 | October - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION 2) Servo Motor:

Apart from colour sensor we have used arduino
uno and two servo motors (sg90). It is tiny and lightweight with high output power.
This servo can rotate approximately 180 degrees
1) Arduino Uno (90 in each direction), and works just like the
An open-source electronics platform called the standard kinds but smaller. You can use any servo
Arduino is built on simple hardware and software. A code, hardware or library to control these servos. It
motor can be started, an LED can be turned on, and comes with a 3 horns (arms) and hardware [12].
something may be published online by using an
Arduino board to receive inputs like light on a sensor,
a finger on a button, or a tweet. Sending a set of
instructions to the board's microcontroller will
instruct your board what to do. You achieve this by
using the Arduino Software (IDE), which is based on
Processing, and the Wiring-based Arduino
Programming Language.

Over the years, countless of projects, ranging from

The Specifications of servo motor are mentioned
simple household items to intricate scientific below
instruments, have used Arduino as their brain.
Students, enthusiasts, artists, programmers, and • Operating voltage: 4.8 V (~5V)
professionals from all around the world have united • Operating speed: 0.1 s/60 degree
around this open-source platform.
• Stall torque: 1.8 kgf·cm
At the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute, Arduino • Dead band width: 10 µs
was created as a simple tool for quick prototyping
geared toward students with no prior experience in • Temperature range: 0 ºC – 55 ºC [16].
electronics or programming. The Arduino board
started evolving as soon as it gained a larger PROPOSED WORK
audience, diversifying its offering from basic 8-bit
boards to items for Internet of Things (IoT) Objects which are to be separated are fed in
applications, wearable technology, 3D printing, and tube. A color sensor senses the items coming in its
embedded environments. All Arduino boards are sight and code for the same is coded in arduino in
fully open-source, enabling users to construct them such a way that only the desired object colors are
on their own and eventually customize them to suit sensed and collected in the bins at the end using
servo motors.
their own needs. The program is open-source as well,
and it is expanding thanks to donations from users all
over the world [11].

© 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM26036 | Page 4

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 10 | October - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930

ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Advantages:
I want to express my gratitude to the Mentor as well
Accurate as the educational institution for their assistance and
leadership.
Good repeatability

Reduce labor cost

REFERENCES
Less human interference
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© 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM26036 | Page 5

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 10 | October - 2023 SJIF Rating: 8.176 ISSN: 2582-3930

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© 2023, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM26036 | Page 6