Context and Text’s

Meaning
21st Century Literature
from the Philippines Lesson
4 Mira
Ma’am
Fill out the organizer by writing LETTERS only under columns 2 & 3, write WORDS
under column 4. Note: two letters may be repeated as you answer the grid.
a. Make use of web or internet connection.
b. A website containing short articles called posts updated regularly
by the same person or by people interested in the same topic.
c. Involved set of words, phrases, lines, etc. presented in a variable,
sits on the page much as traditional poetry does, or may contain
parts of the poem that move and mutate.
d. All make use of illustration in presenting stories.
e. An artistic storytelling style originated in Japan.
f. Encompasses non-fiction works and thematically linked short
stories as well as fictional stories across a number of genres.
g. Literary presentation where doodle writing and drawings are
incorporated.
h. Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating social
network exchanges.
Answers Key
ACTIVITY 1
Below is a poem written by Danton Remoto, a Filipino
author. Read and try to discover what this poem wants to
convey. Then, answer the essential questions that follow.

Padre Faura Witness The Execution of Rizal

Author: Danton Remoto
(Poetry)
I stand on the roof
Of the Ateneo municipal, Instead, he asked me
Shivering about purgatory
On this December (His cheeks still ruddy
morning. From the sudden sun
Months ago, After the bitter winter
Pepe came to me And on this day
In the observatory. With the years beginning
I thought we would talk to turn,
About the stars Salt things my eyes.
That do not collide I see Pepe,
In the sky:
A blur
Between the soldiers
With their Mausers
raised
And the early morning’s
Star:
Still shimmering
Even if millons of miles
away,
The star itself
Is already dead
ANALYSI
Essential Questions:
S
1. Who are the characters in the poem? Write a
piece of short information about each character.
ANALYSI
Essential Questions:
S
2. Who speaks in the poem? Extract a sentence
from the poem to prove your answer.
ANALYSI
Essential Questions:
S
3. Discuss the form/structure of the poem.
ANALYSI
Essential Questions:
S
4. What was the situation when Padre Faura stood
in the balcony of Ateneo de Manila?
ANALYSI
Essential Questions:
S
5. What was the situation of our country based on
the poem? Prove your answer by extracting a line
from the poem.
6. To whom the poem is addressed? Explain your
answer.
7. How do you feel while reading the poem, that
Padre Faura witnessed the
execution of his former student?
ANALYSI
Essential Questions:
S
8. What was the feeling displayed by the author in
the poem?
9. What was the message that Danton Remoto
wanted to convey in this poem?
Context originates from the notion of
weaving together. It is defined as the
circumstances that form the setting of
events, statements, or ideas and in
the way of which it can be fully
understood and assessed. Reading a
literary piece may contribute to the
production of the author and the
reception of the reader as they
appreciate and explore.
The writer's context is knowing
about the writer's life, values,
assumptions, gender, race, race,
sexual orientation, and the political
and economic issues related to the
author.
Reader's context is about
the reader's previous
reading experience,
values, assumptions,
political and economic
issues.
The text's context is about its
publishing history. It is part of
the larger text such as
newspaper, history, events,
translated in it.
Social context and socio-cultural
of a text feature the society in
which the characters live and
in which the author's text was
produced.
The structure of the poem refers
to words that are put together
or arranged such that they
make sense.
Imagery is creating a picture in
the reader's mind by using
words that appeal to the senses.
There are types of Imagery
that are used in this module.
(Menoy 2016)
-Visual imagery produced by the
use of words that appeal to the
sense of sight.
-Auditory Imagery produced
by the use of words that appeal
to the sense of hearing.
-Kinesthetic imagery produced
by the use of words that appeal
to the actions and movement.
 Literary Techniques
- are methods the author or writer of a
literary piece used to convey what they
want to impart to the reader, such as
Flashback where the events have taken
place before the present time the
narration is following.
1. Who was Fr. F. Faura to Jose Rizal?
a. His godfather
b. His uncle
c. His teacher
d. His friend

Activity 2
2. What was the nickname given to
Jose Rizal mentioned in the poem?
a. Star
b. Mauser
c. Ruddy
d. Pepe
3. Why Padre Faura expected that they
would talk about the stars?
a. Because Padre Faura worked in the
observatory
b. Because Pepe was a star
c. Because Pepe just arrived from Europe
d. Because Pepe was fascinated in
the observatory
4. Why Padre Faura was in the observatory
when Pepe visited him?
a. It was the only place where they could
talk.
b. He was in-charged in the observatory.
c. The observatory was near the Ateneo
De Manila
d. The observatory was near Bagunbayan.
5. Why instead of stars, Pepe asked about
purgatory to Padre Faura?
a. Pepe was interested in the after-life.
b. Padre Faura was sick.
c. Pepe was hopeless
d. Pepe was about to be executed
Getting familiar with texts’ meaning
Direction: Read the poem and make the
necessary responses to the following
instructions given below.

Earnest wish
by
Lydia S. Villanueva
 I will
Count the multitude of stars
The leaves in all the branches
The flock of birds perched in the
loft
The blades of grass in the
meadow
And the cogon flowers in the air.
 I will
Listen to the sound of breeze
To the rustling of leaves
To the chirping of birds
To the buzzing of the bees
To the flapping of butterfly’s
wings.
 I will
Tend the garden
Rearrange the stones in a pile
Weed the grass in the field
Harvest the fruits in season
And do again all of these.
 Let us
Bring the front liners back
home
Fight the unforeseen enemy
Help the new beginning
Contribute to the humanity
Flatten the curve
Stay at home!
Activity 3: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. A multitude gathered along with Wan Chai
policy there and to call to ban some
products. Thousands of protesters were
arrested. Multitude in this sentence
means_______.
a. A few in number of people
b. A great number of people
c. Some people
d. Several numbers of people
4. Discuss the structure of the
poem, the stanza, lines, rhyme
scheme.
5. Discuss how the author
presented the ideas of the
poem up to the point where the
message was presented.
Understanding the Context
Directions: Look at each picture below.
In Column A, each picture depicts the
event presented in the poem. In Column
B, based on your understanding of
the poem, write what event happened in
each picture and how do you feel
about it.
Finding the Purpose
1.What was the situation when the
author wrote this poem?
2.How did the author present the
events in the poem?
3. How did the author present her
willingness to attain her fervent wish?
4. What nearly impossible things or
difficult tasks the author was willing to
do?
5. What do you think was the main
reason why the author wrote this
piece?
Knowing Author’s Context
Lydia Sapitanan-Villanueva hails from the agricultural town of
Imus, Cavite. Her parents were farmers and her residence is in
the midst of the agricultural property of her in-laws in
Malagasang 1A, City of Imus. She holds a Doctor of Philosophy
in Southeast Asian Studies from Centro Escolar University and
Master of Arts in Teaching Language and Arts from Philippine
Normal University. She is currently the Vice-President and one
of the founders of School Paper Advisers Movement, Inc., a
national non-profit organization of campus journalists and
advisers with members from elementary to college. She is also a
CPD resource speaker for Action Research .
Knowing Author’s Context
Dr. Villanueva is a Master Teacher 1 since she joined
Department of Education in 2016. During the
pandemic caused by Covid-19 and during community
quarantine, Dr. Villanueva wrote several poems
including Earnest Wish. Her profound love for writing
started during her primary years. She always believes
that experiences and surroundings play a strong
influence on the prolific mind of a writer. Write now or
forget it forever drives her to write about her
environment.
Reflect on the importance of a biographical
context in understanding a text.
1. Discuss the environment that surrounds
the author while writing the poem.
Prove your answer.
2. Discuss the occurring event in the society
during that time that influences
the author in writing the poem.
3. Discuss the message of the author in the
poem.
 Activity 4: What I Have Learned
Reading and appreciating literature can be made
possible by understanding the context and text’s
meaning.
• During the reading, there was recognition and recall.
o I recall that Dr. Jose Rizal was shot in ______. (place)
o During this time, the Philippines was under the _______
government.
o The purpose of the poem was to _________.
o The purpose of the poem was to________.
o The author wrote the poem for the_______.
o The poem was based on the historical
perspective. Recalling our past as Filipinos, what
was the most trying moment of Jose Rizal during
those time? _______.
o With that challenging situation, Dr. Jose Rizal
was able to write two novels ______.
o As you read the poem, what experiences in life
can you consider challenging and why?_______.
Directions: Write a two-stanza poem using visual imagery.
Describe your surrounding that mostly influences your
line of thought.
THANK
YOU MA’AM YENG
MIRAFLOR BRILLANTES ANINAO

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