Is any of the indices you're describing O(1)? Very, very unlikely.
As for the bulk operations, they're in most cases totally useless. Rendering - maybe, but most of the other CAD operations require precise edge following.
And why even going into all the troubles with using this totally unsuitable relational representation when a proper graph dbms is so much easier? Relational religion is so funny, almost as funny as OOP.
What exactly are these "most CAD operations"? I bet they follow many links from nodes (note the plural!) in most of them. Single node operations are seldom and even then there are many links to follow. This is true for scheme/PCB editor, I bet it is even more true for arch design.
You can look at these indices as O(1) operations. Btrees are just like that.
(if you think that memory access is O(1), you are wrong)
Graph DBs, more often than not, are ad hoc bug ridden slow poor implementation of one tenth of relatively complete implementation of relational DB.
CSG, place and route (pipes, cables, etc.), design constraint checks, all that stuff.
> I bet they follow many links from nodes (note the plural!) in most of them.
Not that many, mostly single-digit numbers.
> This is true for scheme/PCB editor
Which is very, very different from an oil refinery or an aircraft carrier. Both in a scale and typical operations.
> You can look at these indices as O(1) operations. Btrees are just like that.
WAT?!? Not even close. O(log n) at best. And a multiplier there is huge.
> Graph DBs, more often than not, are ad hoc bug ridden slow poor implementation of one tenth of relatively complete implementation of relational DB.
What?
Graph DBs are orders of magnitude simpler than any relational pile of a mess. It's really hard to screw them up. Everything is trivial there, including transactions, logging, referential transparency and all that.
Design constrain checks touch A LOT of stuff: usually things have several classes attached to them and check need to be performed on union or intersection of class-related data. Place and route, even for 2D PCB, also touches a lot of stuff - it needs to access constraints, at the very least. In our case, constraint system had to return data to PCB real-time router in under 100us, for several tens of millions of different classes of constraints. I cannot see how you can speak of singular accesses in this context. Or "single-digit as many" accesses.
Now I'll leave conversation. We clearly have different view on almost everything, including, but not limited to "huge multipliers".
As for the bulk operations, they're in most cases totally useless. Rendering - maybe, but most of the other CAD operations require precise edge following.
And why even going into all the troubles with using this totally unsuitable relational representation when a proper graph dbms is so much easier? Relational religion is so funny, almost as funny as OOP.