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Part of the grandfathering has to do with liability law: http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2013/02/odd-case-liabi...

Small plane / general aviation design is a complete mess. Even the fancy new 172SPs are still using engines with 1950s manual spark plug timing.




Fixed spark timing is not that big an engineering deficit for an engine that runs at a fairly constant power setting.

Road-going cars need variable spark timing because they are called upon to efficiently make wildly varying amounts of power. (Idle, cruise, accelerate are all part of the normal drive cycle.) Airplane engines, many racecars, and other similar applications that need to produce fixed, high power for prolonged periods of time often use fixed timing mechanisms.




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