Ah, thanks. I had mistakenly assumed the diffusion process here was comparable / drop-in replacement to Langevin dynamics used with energy models.

I went and read the paper in more detail. Yeah, my original comment was way off-base, except if you draw a parallel with normalizing flows as iterated refinement (similar to iterated de-noising), and see that the DDPM is a more unconstrained form.

But at a surface level, there isn't a clear connection between DDPM and energy-based models.