If your items are less than 1KB in size, then each unit of Read Capacity will give you 1 read/second of capacity and each unit of Write Capacity will give you 1 write/second of capacity. For example, if your items are 512 bytes and you need to read 100 items per second from your table, then you need to provision 100 units of Read Capacity.
Werner is right. The query operation is able to be more efficient than GetItem and BatchGetItems. To calculate how many units of read capacity will be consumed by a query, take the total size of all items combined and round up to the nearest whole KB. For example, if your query returns 10 items that were each 1KB, then you will consume 10 units of read capacity. If your query returns 10 items that were all 0.1KB, then you will consume only 1 unit of read capacity.
This is currently an undocumented benefit of the query operation, but we will be adding that to our documentation shortly.
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If your items are less than 1KB in size, then each unit of Read Capacity will give you 1 read/second of capacity and each unit of Write Capacity will give you 1 write/second of capacity. For example, if your items are 512 bytes and you need to read 100 items per second from your table, then you need to provision 100 units of Read Capacity.
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Looks like 1KB is the minimum for calculations.