I'm not sure if the physical volume of the phone in a landfill is the only issue to consider. What about all the energy and resources used to manufacture it?
Think of how much people throw away each week. A phone is only a couple hundred grams and takes up a small amount of space. Think of how many phones could fit in a single garbage bag. The number will be way more than the number of phones they will go through in their entire life. So in your entire life you are saving a fraction of a garbage bag's worth of garbage.
Phones are a tiny amount of waste. Trying to get a few extra years out of one is a microoptimization in reducing one's waste output.