I'm not sure how it's relevant exactly to TFA. The mechanism of propagation is an existing feature of libdl that uses an environment variable. With this worm, the loader still runs exactly as before, from libc and libdl.
As to restricting syscalls from certain calling libraries, macOS has this via entitlements, and I believe OpenBSD and/or NetBSD has this in some form as well.
As to restricting syscalls from certain calling libraries, macOS has this via entitlements, and I believe OpenBSD and/or NetBSD has this in some form as well.