If you publish a paper with fraudulent data, methods, or results, and you received any state or federal funds for it, there should be prison time. You stole taxpayer money.

I'm not saying for when people are wrong, I'm saying for when you can prove someone knowingly lied. It won't catch anyone, and you need to bar to be high enough that people don't go to jail for being bad scientists, but right now there is zero social, professional, or legal risk is just lying your ass off to get the next grant and keep the spice flowing.

Nobody's going to do that when changing the numbers in your Excel sheet carries a risk of a decade or two in a minimum security prison.