Everything apart from design or software architecture as such. (Unless you include that one weird class on UML and Sybase) Math, electronics, algorithms, encryption, physics, legal side of things like gdpr, networking, compilers, UX, embedded systems, chip design, different CPU architectures, reading research papers, databases (about acid, not specific implementations), ...

But the part of "how to manage the process of creating this" and related ideas you were basically supposed to figure out on your own. Or actively ask the teachers. It feels very sink-or-swim now in retrospect. I've never been explicitly taught about testing for example, but if you didn't write them for your projects, I don't think you'd complete them.