Krita and Photopea. I use image manipulation programs occasionally to work on paper figures and presentations. Years ago, I used photoshop because alternatives like Gimp have abyssimal UX that I can't get over, even for free.

With Krita and Photopea, my need for photoshop, previously paid by my employer, is gone.

I still own a copy of the last version of Photoshop before they went to subscription, CS6, but these days I find myself using either Pixelmator or Krita.

Affinity Photo. It has an inexpensive perpetual license, and supports all the use-cases I previously needed Photoshop for.

I have Photoshop, but I use Affinity Photo for 99% of what I do (make digital art, AP is used for assembly and effects). I use Photoshop for a few special effects, but often it's not worth the effort.

1) Switched about 4 years ago

2) to Affinity Photo & Designer (perpetual license)

I use a copy of Photoshop Elements 10 from about a decade ago. Still works great and prevents me from over-editing my photos with crappy "looks" that make them "pop".

Affinity for most editing and Krita for digital painting.

Photopea

95% of use cases is a stretch, even if you mean "a combination of many different AI apps with their own subscriptions, totaling more than the cost of a subscription to everything Adobe makes, not just Photoshop". Photoshop does a lot of stuff.

Which ones?

One that I use frequently is FaceApp. They seem to on device face touchups. For subject removal Google photos is very good at it, though it needs to upload your photo.