As noted in other comments, a bunch of languages has it, but the problem with this syntax is that it doesn't generalize well. For example, let's say we have:

   foo(%1, bar(%1, 42)) 

does this desugar to:

   |x| foo(x, |y| bar(y, 42)) 

or to:

   |x| foo(x, bar(x, 42)) 

and do you trust the person reading this code later to remember which one it is?