13 -> thirteen -> three ten 14 -> fourteen -> four ten 15 -> fifteen -> five ten...

ane · on April 12, 2015

Germanic languages have a peculiarity in the words eleven and twelve, they stem from "one left" and "two left", respectively [0]. Cognates in German elf and zwölf, Swedish elv and tolv.

[0] "Cardinal Numerals: Old English from a Cross-Linguistic Perspective", http://bit.ly/1HhPzOB, page 161.

RBerenguel · on April 12, 2015

Interesting. Worth noting Spanish, French, Catalan and probably some more connected languages I'm not so familiar with are irregular up to 16 (17 is akin to 10-7, whereas 11-16 follow other rules)

riffraff · on April 12, 2015

left of what? (or from what?)

fit2rule · on April 12, 2015

Okay now I get it. Start counting on your left hand. 1 .. 5, left-side, 6 .. 10, right-side. One-left, is "one full set of fingers, plus a left", repeating again, 11. Two left, 12. 3-ten, you change to a number count, because .. why not? It is self-documented .. and thus easier to teach. Maybe?

ane · on April 12, 2015

Of ten. "One ... two ... [...] ten... and one and another.

saraid216 · on April 12, 2015

The reason, if anyone is wondering, is because of their base meanings:

  eleven -> one left
  twelve -> two left
  thirteen -> three and ten
  fourteen -> four and ten

According to the OED, the only non-Germanic language that uses "one left" is Lithuanian, which uses it from 11 to 19.