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Browsing named entities in a specific section of George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10. Search the whole document.

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Hannover (Lower Saxony, Germany) (search for this): chapter 12
of the king of Prussia. Suffolk to Elliot, 7 April, 1778. But from Petersburg Harris wrote: Chap. XI.} 1778. They never will be brought to subscribe to any stipulations in favor of our contest with the colonies. Our influence, never very high, has quite vanished. Harris to Suffolk, 2 Feb., to Sir I. Yorke, 1 May, 1778. Frederic relented so far as to allow a few recruits for the English army to pass through his dominions; and as a German prince he let it be known that he would save Hanover from French aggression; but proposals for closer relations with England were inflexibly declined. He is hostile, wrote Suffolk, Suffolk to Harris, 9 Jan., 1778. to that kingdom to whose liberal support in the last war he owes his present existence amongst the powers of Europe; and the British ministry of that day looked upon the aid which he had received in the time of the elder Pitt as a very grave mistake. Report of Count Belgiojoso, and 8 Jan., 1781. Prussia should have been left
Westphalia (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany) (search for this): chapter 12
and; I offer my vows for the success of the French; Ibid., 27 Feb., 1778. and he added in his own hand: The Austrians wish openly to subjugate the empire, abolish the constitutions, tyrannize the liberty of voices, and establish their own absolute and unlimited power on the ruins of the ancient government. Let him who will, bear such violences: I shall oppose them till death closes my eyes. Frederic to Goltz, 27 Feb., 1778. Since France would not fulfil her guarantee of the peace of Westphalia, Frederic desired at least a formal and positive assurance of her neutrality. As to the French ministers, said he, I admire their apathy; but if I were to imitate it, I should surely be lost. Ibid., 22 March, 1778. The queen of France besought her husband even with tears to favor the designs of the court of Vienna, and bitterly complained that neutrality had been promised by his cabinet; but the king turned aside her entreaties, remarking that these affairs ought never to become the su
Versailles (France) (search for this): chapter 12
erests of the state and my own views turn in another direction. Frederic to Maltzan, 22 Jan., 1779. Peace is as dear and precious to me as to the ministry of Versailles; but as nothing less is at stake than the liberty and constitutions of all the Germanic body, I, one of their principal bulwarks, should fail in duty as an elecy she wrote in her own hand to Charles the Third of Spain, in the hope still to be able to hold him back from war; and she sent a like letter to her soninlaw at Versailles. Kaunitz followed with formal proposals of mediation to France and England. In an autograph letter the king of Spain put aside the interference of the empresy are in the channel, and I cannot think without a shudder that, from one moment to the next, our destiny will be decided. Marie Antoinette to Maria Theresa, Versailles, 6 Aug., 1779, Ihr Briefwechsel, herausgegeben von A. von Arneth, 296. The united fleet rode unmolested by the British: Sir Charles Hardy either did not, or
Honduras (Honduras) (search for this): chapter 12
and Great Britain was known at New Orleans, Galvez, the governor of Louisiana, drew together all the troops under his command to drive the British from the Mississippi. Their posts were protected by less than five hundred men; Lieutenant-Colonel Dickson, abandoning Manchac as untenable, sustained a siege of nine days at Baton Rouge, Remembrancer, 1780, i. 359-364. and on the twenty-first of September made an honor- Chap. XI.} 1779. able capitulation. The Spaniards planned the recovery of East Florida, prepared to take the posts of Pensacola and Mobile, and captured or expelled from Honduras the British logwood cutters. In Europe their first act was the siege of Gibraltar. Still more important were the consequences of the imperious manner in which Great Britain violated the maritime rights of neutrals, substituting its own will alike for its treaties and the law of nations. But these events, which for half a century scattered the seeds of war, need to be explained at large.
Chapter 11: Progress of the war in Europe. 1779. Frederic of Prussia had raised the hope that he Chap. XI.} 1779. would follow France in recognising the independence of the United Stateess the British cabinet persisted in seeking aid from Russia and the friendship of the king of Prussia. Suffolk to Elliot, 7 April, 1778. But from Petersburg Harris wrote: Chap. XI.} 1778. They ime of the elder Pitt as a very grave mistake. Report of Count Belgiojoso, and 8 Jan., 1781. Prussia should have been left to perish. Through his minister in France, Frederic sent word to Maured Maurepas retained the old traditions of the French monarchy. Moreover, he was willing to see Prussia and Austria enfeeble each other, and exhibit to the world France in the proud position of Cha1 Sept., 1779. maison d'autriche, notre alliee La de nom, et notre rivale de fait. Austria and Prussia resumed their places among European powers, each to have an influence on American affairs: the
Emden (Lower Saxony, Germany) (search for this): chapter 12
any that we cannot think of the Americans: we should be heartily glad to recognise them; but at this present moment it could do them no good, and to us Chap. XI.} 1778. might be very detrimental. The unseasonable importunities of Lee in the year of war continued till he was dismissed from office by congress. Their effect was only to make Frederic more reserved. From his camp he always put them aside, yet with gentleness and caution. He could not receive the prizes of the Americans at Emden, because he had no means to protect the harbor against aggression: they might purchase in his dominions munitions of war; and their merchants would be received in his ports on the same terms as the merchants of all other countries. Meantime the British ministry, abandoning the scheme of destroying Prussian influence at Petersburg, sought rather to propitiate Frederic, as the best means of gaining favor in Russia; and authorized its minister at Berlin to propose an alliance. But Frederic
Brest (France) (search for this): chapter 12
ard to risk. Vergennes, on the other hand, held the landing of a French army in England to be rash, until a naval Chap. XI.} 1779. victory over the British should have won the dominion of the water. The fitting out of the expedition had been intrusted to Sartine, the marine minister, and to d'orvilliers, its commander. Early in June the French fleet of thirty-one ships of the line yielded to Spanish importunities; and, before they could be ready with men or provisions, put to sea from Brest; and yet they were obliged to wait off the coast of Spain for the Spaniards. After a great loss of time in the best season of the year, a junction was effected with more than twenty ships of war under the separate command of Count Gaston; and the combined fleet sailed for the British channel. Never before had so large a force been seen afloat; and in construction the Spanish ships were equal or superior to the English. Rodney to Lady Rodney, Gibraltar, 7 Feb., 1780. Charles of Spain pic
Austria (Austria) (search for this): chapter 12
joined with Saxony to stay the aggressions of Austria on Bavarian territory. At this moment, wrote were willing to acquiesce in the despotism of Austria. Rather than be guilty of such weakness, I slf, Louis the Sixteenth had no partiality for Austria, and Maurepas retained the old traditions of Moreover, he was willing to see Prussia and Austria enfeeble each other, and exhibit to the worlon of France and Russia to bring his war with Austria to an end, almost before France and Spain had come to an understanding. Joseph of Austria, like Frederic, had liberal aspirations, but with uer side, aware of his insincerity, pronounced Austria to be in name an ally, in fact a rival. Core alliee La de nom, et notre rivale de fait. Austria and Prussia resumed their places among Europenew powers. With the restoration of peace, Austria and Russia contested the honor of becoming meng to wound the self-love of either of them. Austria, though the nominal ally of France, excluded
Russia (Russia) (search for this): chapter 12
uence at Petersburg, sought rather to propitiate Frederic, as the best means of gaining favor in Russia; and authorized its minister at Berlin to propose an alliance. But Frederic saw that the influeate and secret, of same date. Nevertheless the British cabinet persisted in seeking aid from Russia and the friendship of the king of Prussia. Suffolk to Elliot, 7 April, 1778. But from Petersce as well as the laws of the empire on his side, and his right by treaty to call upon his ally, Russia, for aid, enabled him under the mediation of France and Russia to bring his war with Austria to Russia to bring his war with Austria to an end, almost before France and Spain had come to an understanding. Joseph of Austria, like Frederic, had liberal aspirations, but with unequal results. The one was sovereign over men substantialoincidence of the interests of the two new powers. With the restoration of peace, Austria and Russia contested the honor of becoming mediators between the Bourbons and England. Their interference
Louisiana (Louisiana, United States) (search for this): chapter 12
ult for a king of Great Britain to hold the balance even; and, as the scale of England will be the best taken care of, the less-favored people will naturally tend to a complete secession. We have nothing better to do than tranquilly to watch the movement. Vergennes to Montmorin, 13 Nov. and 17 Dec., 1779. Greater energy was displayed by Spain in her separate acts. As soon as the existence of war between that power and Great Britain was known at New Orleans, Galvez, the governor of Louisiana, drew together all the troops under his command to drive the British from the Mississippi. Their posts were protected by less than five hundred men; Lieutenant-Colonel Dickson, abandoning Manchac as untenable, sustained a siege of nine days at Baton Rouge, Remembrancer, 1780, i. 359-364. and on the twenty-first of September made an honor- Chap. XI.} 1779. able capitulation. The Spaniards planned the recovery of East Florida, prepared to take the posts of Pensacola and Mobile, and ca
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